Distilling Apparatus

[Distilling Apparatus]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

WAR DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL MANUAL
DISTILLING
APPARATUS
W4R DEPARTMENT ■
JULY 1945
U OF NT LIBRARIES 76203
SfP M 134s
2'1'IZ/a.
Docurnent Reserve

WAR DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL MANUAL
TM 8-6 1 2
This manual supersedes TM 8-612, 17 July 1944.
DISTILLING
APPARATUS
WAR DEPARTMENT • J U L Y 1945
United States Government Printing Office
Washington: 1945
WAR DEPARTMENT
Washington 25, D. C., 13 July 1945
TM 8-612, Distilling Apparatus, is published for the information and guidance of all concerned.
[AG 300.7 (31 May 45)]
By order of the Secretary of War:
Official :
EDWARD F. WITSELL
Major General
Acting The Adjutant General
G. C. MARSHALL
Chief of Staff
Distribution :
AAF (5) ; AGF (5) ; ASF (2) ; T of Opns (10) ; Dept (10) ; Base Comds (5) ; S Div ASF (1) ; SvC (5) ; PE (2) ; ASF Dep (Med Sec) (10) ; Dep 8 (ZI) (25) except St. Louis Med Dep (100) ; GH (4) ; SH (2) ; Convalescent H (2) ; USMA (2) ; A (2) ; CHQ (2) ; AF (5) ; T/O and E-187 (2) ; 8-510 (2) ; 8-550 (4) ; 8-560 (2) ; 8-572S (2) ; 8-580 (3) ; 8-581 (3) ; 8-590 (2) ; 8-610 (1) ; 8-611 (1) ; 8-667 (2).
Refer to FM 21-6 for explanation of distribution formula.
ii
CONTENTS
Paragraph Page PART ONE. INTRODUCTION.
Section I.	General.
Scope .........................................   1	1
Records ......................................... 2	1
Section II.	Description and tabulated data.
Description ..................................... 3	7
Tabulated data .................................. 4	7
Manufacturers ................................... 5	7
PART TWO. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS.
Section III.	General.
Scope ........................................... 6	8
Section IV.	Service upon receipt of equipment.
Unpacking and assembling, Market Forge Models ........................................   7	8
Unpacking and assembling, Consolidated Machine Works Models ............................ 8	8
Section V.	Controls and instruments.
Controls ........................................ 9	9
Instruments .................................... 10	9
Section VI.	Operation.
General ......................................   11	10
Operation, steam-heated	model .................. 12	10
Operation, gasoline-heated	model ............... 13	10
PART THREE. MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS.
Section VII.	General.
Scope .......................................... 14	20
Section VIII.	Preventive maintenance services.
Operator maintenance (First Echelon) ........... 15	20
Organizational maintenance (Second Echelon)	16	20
Section IX.	Trouble shooting.
If the apparatus fails to produce distilled water in rated quantities ...................... 17	21
Section X.	Maintenance operations.
Cleaning boiler ................................ 18	21
Boiler fails to heat properly,	steam	model....	19	21
Boiler fails to heat properly,	gasoline	model.	20	22
Steam leak between evaporator and
boiler cover ................................. 21	22
Cleaning and replacing glass gauge, 5-gallon units ................................. 22	22
APPENDIX. SHIPMENT AND STORAGE (DISASSEMBLING AND PACKING) .......................................... 24
INDEX .............................................................   25
iii
This manual supersedes TM 8-612, 17 July 1944.
PART ONE
INTRODUCTION
Section I. GENERAL
I.	Scope
a.	These instructions are published for the information and guidance of the personnel to whom this equipment is assigned. They contain information on the operation and maintenance of the equipment as well as descriptions of the major units and their functions in relation to the other components of the equipment. They apply to the following Medical Department items:
Med. Dept. No.	Nomenclature	Figure
4226020	Distilling apparatus, 2-gallon, steam:	1
4226022	Distilling apparatus, 5-gallon, steam:	2
4226035	Distilling apparatus, 2-gallon,	
	leaded gasoline:	3, 4
4226038	Distilling apparatus, 5-gallon,	
	leaded gasoline:	5
b.	These instructions are arranged in three parts: Part One, Introduction; Part Two, Operating Instructions; Part Three, Maintenance Instructions.
c.	All requisitions for spare parts should be submitted in accordance with the latest revision of ASF Supply Catalog MED 7.
2.	Records
No records are required to be kept on this apparatus except as may be designated by the Medical Officer in charge.
I
2
I.	Water level column for steam model.
2.	Condenser for steam model.
3.	Boiler for steam model.
Figure 1. Distilling apparatus, 2-gallon, steam; manufactured by Market Forge Co.
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3
Figure 2. Distilling apparatus, 5-gallon, steam; manufactured by Consolidated Machine Works, Inc.
4
I.	Water level column gasoline model.
2.	Condenser assembly for gasoline model.
3.	Boiler for gasoline model.
4.	Gasoline burner.
Figure 3. Distilling apparatus, 2-gallon, leaded gasoline; manufactured by Market Forge Co.
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(2)
5
I. Water level column.
2. Condenser assembly for gasoline model.
3. Boiler for gasoline model.
4. Gasoline burner.
Figure 4. Distilling apparatus, 2-gallon, leaded gasoline; manufactured by Consolidated Machine Works, Inc.
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Figure 5. Distilling apparatus, 5-gallon, leaded gasoline; manufacttired by Consolidated Machine Works, Inc.
7
Section II. DESCRIPTION AND TABULATED DATA
3.	Description
The distilling apparatuses are standard type water stills used for the production of distilled water. They are issued in two models: gasoline-heated and steam-heated models. This manual covers the two gallon and five gallon sizes of both models.
4.	Tabulated Data
See chart I.
5.	Manufacturers
a.	Market Forge Co., (Aetna Water Still Co.) Everett, Mass. Model KL-2A, Gasoline heated, Item No. 4226035.
Model SL-2, Steam heated, Item No. 4226020.
b.	Consolidated Machine Works, Inc.
Model GLV-2, Gasoline heated, Item No. 4226035.
Model GLV-5, Gasoline heated, Item No. 4226038.
Model SLV-5, Steam heated, Item No. 4226022.
Chart I.
	2-gallon steam heated	2-gallon gasoline heated	5-gallon steam heated	5-gallon gasoline heated
Production per hour	2 gallons	2 gallons	5 gallons	5 gallons
Fuel consumption	18 pounds	1 % pints	36 pounds	3 pints
per hour.	steam.	gasoline.	steam.	gasoline.
Water line inside	% inch	Vs inch	Vs inch	Vs inch
diameter.				
Waste line inside	% inch	% inch	% inch	% inch
diameter.				
Steam line inside	% inch		% inch	
diameter.				
Cooling water	16 gallons	16 gallons	40 gallons	40 gallons
required.	per hour.	per hour.	per hour.	per hour.
PART TWO
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Section III.	GENERAL
6.	Scope
Part Two contains information for the guidance of the personnel responsible for the operation of this equipment. It contains information on the operation of the equipment with the description and location of the controls and instruments.
Note. Failure or unsatisfactory performance of equipment will be reported on WD AGO Form 468.
Section IV.	SERVICE UPON RECEIPT OF EQUIPMENT
7.	Unpacking and Assembling, Market Forge Models
a.	Open the shipping box carefully.
b.	Remove the paper packing and excelsior so as to uncover the still completely.
c.	Remove the still from the shipping box.
d.	The still as packed for shipment is completely assembled and ready for operation as soon as all particles of excelsior and packing material have been removed and the heating and water connections have been made.
8.	Unpacking and Assembling, Consolidated Machine
Works Models
a.	Gasoline-heated model. (1) Open the shipping box carefully.
(2)	Remove the paper packing and excelsior so as to uncover the parts of the still.
(3)	Remove the condenser assembly from the box and clean off all particles of excelsior or packing material and put the condenser in a place where it will not be damaged.
(4)	Remove the remainder of the still from the packing box and clean off all packing material from it.
8
9
(5)	Place the condenser on the boiler and secure it by means of the four cover locks and wing screws which hold the condenser assembly in place.
(6)	Connect the tube to the fittings on the condenser. The preheated water tube drains into the water level cbliimn.
b.	Steam-heated model. (1) Open the shipping box carefully.
(2)	Remove all braces, being careful not to damage the still.
(3)	Remove all packing material from the still.
(4)	The still as received is completely assembled.
(5)	Connect the water and steam connections.
Section V. CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS
9.	Controls
a.	The controls of the gasoline-heated models are described in TM 8-615.
b.	A %-inch brass bibcock is provided with each unit for the purpose of draining the boiler. It is located at the base of the boiler.
c.	If there are no controls provided with the steam models for regulating the amount of steam entering the boiler, SR00507 (VALVE, steam, Jenkins No. ABTJA, % inch, complete:) may be used. For the steam return line SR00499, (TRAP, steam, % inch, 60 lbs., Webster No. 789-2, complete:) may be used.
d.	A water supply valve is supplied with each 5-gallon unit.
e.	A hard water petcock is provided for the purpose of draining off the surface water in the boiler of each 5-gallon unit.
f.	Two shut off valves are provided on the glass gauge assembly of the 5-gallon gasoline-heated model in case the glass gauge breaks.
10.	Instruments
a. A glass gauge is supplied with the 5-gallon unit. The glass gauge of the gasoline-heated model is equipped with shut off valves at the top and bottom of the gauge in case the glass breaks. The steam-heated model does not have manually controlled shut off valves on the glass gauge assembly.
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10
Section VI. OPERATION
I I. General
The distilling apparatus is designed for operation with soft, clean water, such as is used for drinking purposes. Extremely hard, salt, or dirty water should not be used. In general the operation of all the units is essentially the same. Minor variations, however, are incorporated in the following paragraphs.
12.	Operation, Steam-Heated Model
a.	Two-gallon unit. (1) Turn on the water supply and fill the boiler. When full, water will flow from the overflow outlet.
(2)	With the water flowing into the boiler and running from the overflow, turn on the steam supply.
Caution: Make sure the steam pressure is between 40 and 60 pounds. Do not operate the apparatus at any other pressure.
(3)	In a short time the water will boil. Steam will be generated and will appear at the vent at the end of the condenser. Distilled water will flow through the condenser outlet tube. (See (6) fig. 6, and (8) fig. 7.)
(4)	Regulate the incoming water supply to allow a small amount of steam to escape from the vent at the end of the condenser. The ratio of cooling water discharged at the bottom of the water level column to the distilled water output should be approximately 8 to 1.
(5)	To stop the production of distilled water, first turn off the steam supply and then turn off the water supply.
(6)	When the steam and water supplies have been turned off, open the drain cock and drain all the water in the boiler. Then rinse the boiler by filling with clean, cold water and drain again.
b.	Five-gallon unit. The operation of the 5-gallon steam-heated model is essentially the same as the 2-gallon steam-heated model. However, on this unit the water level should be iy2 inches from the top of the glass gauge. The hard water petcock ((3) fig. 8) should be opened to allow a very small amount of water to drain continuously during operation.
13.	Operation, Gasoline-Heated Model
The following operating instructions apply to the gasoline-heated models manufactured by the Market Forge Co. (Aetna Water Still Co.) and the Consolidated Machine Works.
a. Two-gallon unit. (1) Turn on the water supply and fill the boiler. When full, water will flow from the overflow outlet.
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I.	Boiler drain bibcock.
2.	Overflow stem.
3.	Water level column.
4.	Preheated water outlet tube.
5.	Water inlet tube.
6.	Condenser outlet tube.
7.	Cooling coil.
8.	4R03426 GASKET, evaporator top, asbestos, steam model:
9.	Wing nut.
10.	Riser elbow.
11.	Riser tube.
12.	Evaporator cover.
13.	Baffle plate.
14.	Complete evaporator for steam model.
15.	Outside jacket for steam model.
16.	Pipe connector.
17.	Steam coil.
18.	Evaporator bottom section.
19.	Water inlet elbow.
Figure 6. Details of 2-gallon steam-heated distilling apparatus manufactured by Market Forge Co.
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I.	Bibcock for draining boiler.
2.	Cover lock.
3.	Wing nut.
4.	Preheated water outlet tube.
5.	Brass adapter.
6.	Inlet water tube.
7.	Asbestos gasket.
8.	Condenser outlet tube.
9.	Evaporator.
Figure 7. Details of 2-gallon steam-heated distilling apparatus; manufactured by Consolidated Machine Works, Inc.
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I.	Boiler drain bibcock.
2.	Glass gauge.
3.	Hard water bibcock.
4.	Glass gauge holder.
5.	Preheated water outlet tube.
6.	Brass adapter.
7.	Water supply valve.
8.	Condenser outlet tube.
9.	Wing nut.
10.	Cover lock.
I I. Asbestos gasket for evaporator top.
12.	Evaporator.
13.	Steam supply valve.
14.	Coupling nuts.
15.	Boiler complete.
Figure 8. Details of 5-gallon steam-heated distilling apparatus; manufactured by Consolidated Machine Works, Inc.
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