[Railroad Retirement Board Annual Report for Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1978]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

e> x/, -------------------------------- Normal benefits
/ for unemployment
/	52.0%	*	\
Interest on debt --<	______________________I
. ~o,	H. __________J	Normal benefits
—"/yn	28-4%	/ for
6.5%	// /	/	sickness
Repayment to ---5% / / I	/
Railroad Retirement Account \	/ /	/	/
/n06l	34,670	299
1974-75 ........... 1,160,312	359,826	101,677	1 ’	291 102	5 619	6,677	33,541	277
1975-76 ............. 1.182 028	3“'428 '“.SOS 56.743	223.338	291.102	5,619
July-Sept. 1976 .... 1,186.012	364,667	99,946	*89.	292 653	6 206	6.298	31,566	243
"::::::::::::::::::: iXSX iXX? X	SIS m,c 5,30	30,24
AVERAGE AMOUNT
■Si 71	S157	$66	$82	$92	$91	$124	$89	$87
1968-69 ...................... 5 m	$ 57	$	144	1{)2	100
1969-70 ........................... J2*	62	112	n0
1970-71 ........................... 201	186	65	^5	m
1971-72 ..........................  272	257	66	128	162	143	194	139	133
I972"73 ........................... 299	288	66	142	183	162	216	154	49
1973-74 ............................ Hl	309	62	153	233	200	234	206	187
1974-75 .........................   ||9	3°9	165	250	212	252	227	207
1975-76 ........................... 857	329	250	230	206
July-Sept. 1976 ................... 361	331	275	248	223
:::::::::::::: : ::: ’ ’ ’ ■ • ■ • 55 191 285 242 301 269 24}-1 Figures include annuities temporarily being paid at spouse annuity rates, pending final adjudication of survivor annuities. NOTE.—Data exclude survivor (option) annuities. On September 30, 1978, there were 358 option annuities in current-payment status averaging $96. Figures for widows include a smallnumber of widowers.
APPENDIX TABLES 71
Table 10.—Number and average amount of retirement and survivor annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, by type of annuity and by status of annuitant under Social Security Act .	......	। x. u t i	Annuitants not receiving social se-
Total	Annuitants receiving social security benefits	curity benefits
TVDe of annuitv	Average	Average	Average	Average
lype or annuiry	railroad	Percent	railroad	social	Numhor railroad
Number retirement Number Of tota| retirement	security	retirement
annuity	annuity	benefit	annuity
EMPLOYEE ANNUITIES
All	retirements................. 460,000	$409	191,900	42	$288	$197	268,200	$495
FU|| age..................... 294,600	450	113,600	39	328	196	180,900	527
Reduced age................... 67,200	270	45,000	67	213	206	22,200	384
Disability .................. ‘98,300	380	33,300	34	253	186	65,000	446
Immediate retirements2 ......... 352,600	471	109,200	31	380	155	243,400	512
Full age..................... 250,500	493	77,600	31	402	157	172,800	534
Reduced age................... 29,500	386	13,800	47	333	161	15,800	432
Disability ................... 72,600	431	17,800	25	324	143	54,700	466
Deferred retirements2 ............ 107,400	205	82,600	77	167	251	24,800	331
Full age...................... 44,100	209	36,000	82	171	279	8,100	378
Reduced age................... 37,700	179	31,200	83	160	226	6,500	267
Disability ................... 25,700	236	15,400	60	171	236	10,200	334
SPOUSE ANNUITIES
Total........................... 232,500	191	150,800	65	157	161	81,600	254
Full rate.................... 115,500	227	69,200	60	184	176	46,300	291
Reduced rate................. 117,000	156	81,600	70	135	149	35,300	204
See footnotes at end of table.
72 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 10.__Number and average amount of retirement and survivor annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, by type of
annuity and by status of annuitant under Social Security Act—Continued
.......	Annuitants not receiving social se-
Total	Annuitants receiving social security benefits	curity benefits
-r .	Average	Average	Average	Average
Type of annuity	Percent	rai|road	social	Number	railroad
Number	Number of tota| retirement	security	Numoer retirement
annuity	annuity	benefit	annuity
SURVIVOR ANNUITIES3
Total........................... 332,700	$283	136,600	41	$196	$184	196,100	$344
Aged widows4 ................. 290,100	285	131,800	45	198	185	158,400	358
Disabled widows4'5 ............. 6,500	242	1,800	5 800	304
Widowed mothers4 ............... 5,900	301	100	2	174	184	5,800
Children:	Qnn	■?«?	600	4	179	127	13,300	287
Under age 18 ................. 13,900	282	600	4	i	-
Full-time students aged 18-22 . 6,100	300	400	8 400	254
Over 18 and disabled....... 10,200	234	1.900	18_________143__________125_________8’400	254
1	Includes 55,300 annuities now payable as age annuities.	3	Excludes interim widows’, survivor (option) and parents’ annuities.
2	Retirement is considered immediate if the annuity began in the calendar year	of employee’s	«	Includes widowers.
last railroad service or in the following year; all others are considered deferred.	5	Includes 4,100 annuities now payable as aged widows’ annuities.
APPENDIX TABLES 73
Table 11.—Retirement and survivor benefit payments, by type of benefit and by fiscal year, 1969-78
(In millions)
Retirement	Survivor
Regular suonle-	Annuities	Lump-sum
Fiscal year	Total1	Total employee ™e. Spouse	Annuities	death benefits
annuities ।	annu-
and	'ties Total2 Aged a Disabled Widowed Chil- Insur- Resid-
pensions annuities	widows'3 widows’3 mothers’3 dren’s ance ual
Cumulative 1937-78.... $44,716.5	$33,475.5	$27,347.6	$897.1	$5,230.8	4$10,561.8	$8,751.5	$95.9	$403.8	$1,228.0	$302.0	$376.4
1968-69 ....... 1,535.8	1,149.1	903.0	37.8	208.3	361.9	298.4	2.9	14.3	44.6	11.3	13.5
1969-70 ....... 1,593.5	1,177.0	914.5	48.6	213.9	391.0	323.5	3.5	15.1	47.3	11.6	13.9
1970-71 ....... 1,909.7	1,435.0	1,117.2	61.3	256.4	448.7	373.4	4.5	16.3	53.0	11.1	15.0
1971-72 ....... 2,121.9	1,603.4	1,248.3	72.6	282.5	486.3	407.8	5.2	16.3	55.6	12.6	19.6
1972-73 ....... 2,456.8	1,831.3	1,430.5	81.4	319.4	598.7	509.6	6.7	18.0	62.9	10.9	15.9
1973-74 ....... 2,670.5	1,961.3	1,531.7	89.5	340.1	681.4	587.3	8.2	19.5	65.1	11.8	16.1
1974-75 ....... 3,060.4	2,222.4	1,737.9	100.3	384.2	811.4	700.6	11.2	21.1	77.2	11.6	15.0
1975-76 ....... 3,469.5	2,481.3	1,928.3	112.3	440.7	964.0	831.8	14.1	22.4	94.5	10.6	13.1
July-Sept. 1976 .. 916.9	652.9	505.6	28.6	118.7	257.3	222.6	4.0	5.8	24.6	3.5	3.2
1976-77 ....... 3,786.9	2,712.0	2,096.1	116.7	499.1	1,054.6	913.4	16.9	23.4	99.7	9.9	10.4
1977-78 ....... 3,988.1	2,853.1	2,207.2	116.6	529.3	1,118.3	972.1	18.7	23.5	102.9	9.0	7.7
1 Includes a small amount of payments for hospital insurance benefits for services in Canada. 4 Includes $4.2 million in death-benefit annuities under the 1935 Act, $59.1 million in 2 Includes survivor (option) and parents’ annuities.	survivor (option) annuities, and $19.3 million in parents' annuities.
3 Includes amounts paid to widowers.
74 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 12.—Insurance lump-sum benefits and residual payments awarded, fiscal years 1969-78
Fiscal year	Total		Status of employee at death			
			Nonretired		Retired	
	Number	Average amount	Number	Average amount	Number	Average amount
INSURANCE LUMP SUMS1						
	. . 527,125		147,772		379,353	
						
1968-69 		16,516	$680	2,793	$810	13,723	$654
1969-70 		15,465	698	2,608	835	12,857	670
1970-71 		15,277	705	2,498	860	12,779	674
1971-72 		16,150	714	2,452	873	13,698	686
1972-73 		14,348	728	1,991	902	12,357	700
1973-74 		15,128	734	1,903	928	13,225	706
1974-75 		13,902	743	1,613	962	12,289	715
1975-76 		12,353	753	1,293	987	11,060	726
July-Sept. 1976 		4,150	755	411	995	3,739	728
1976-77 		12,995	764	1,266	987	11,729	740
1977-78 		12,346	772	1,192	991	11,154	748
RESIDUAL PAYMENTS						
	. . 298,807		272,945		25,862	
						
1968-69 		4,123	$3,354	3,028	$3,471	1,095	$3,029
1969-70 		3,911	3,629	2,915	3,814	996	3,088
1970-71 		3,702	4,050	2,762	4,265	940	3,418
1971-72 		4,112	4,475	3,068	4,779	1,044	3,583
1972-73 		3,229	4,865	2,428	5,361	801	3,360
1973-74 		2,871	5,395	2,141	5,965	730	3,722
1974-75 		2,347	5,820	1,812	6,306	535	4,175
1975-76 		1,931	6,033	1,450	6,485	481	4,664
July-Sept. 1976 		463	6,118	353	6,740	110	4,123
1976-77 		1,668	6,171	1,269	6,674	399	4,571
1977-78 		1,374	5,863	1,079	6,189	295	4,671
1 Excludes 14,744 deferred lump-sum benefits, of which 101 averaging $719 were awarded in 1977-78.
NOTE.—There have been 26,800 tax refund awards, of which 3,158 averaging $47 were made in 1977-78.
APPENDIX TABLES 75
Table 13.—Regular employee annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, and awarded in fiscal year 1977-78, by type of annuity and by age of annuitant
Age of annuitant1
Total	Age annuities Disability annuities
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
IN CURRENT-PAYMENT STATUS ON SEPTEMBER 30, 1978
Total 		. 460,000	100	361,800	100	2 98,300	100
Average age 			72.3		73.7		66.8	
	2 600	1			2,600	3
	6 800	1			6,800	7
RR tn SQ	13 700	3			13,700	14
60 to 64		66,500	14	46,600	13	19,900	20
65 to 69		100,700	22	79,900	22	20,800	21
70 to 74		99,700	22	84,600	23	15,100	15
75 to 79		83,500	18	73,000	20	10,400	11
80 and over		86,600	19	77,600	21	9,000	9
AWARDED IN 1977-78						
Total 		26,900	100	20,600	100	6,300	100
Average age		61.2		62.9		55.6	
Under 50		900	3			900	14
50 to 54		1,600	6			1,600	25
55 to 59		2,500	9				2,500	40
60 to 64, total		17,000	63	15,600	76	1,300	21
60 to 61		9,200	34	8,400	41	800	13
62 to 64		7,800	29	7,300	35	500	8
65 to 69		4,600	17	4,600	22		
70 to 74		300	1	300	1		
75 and over		100	(3)	100	(3)		
1 Age at end of fiscal year 1977-78 for annuities in current-payment status at the end of the year, and age onbeginning date for annuities awarded in year.
2 Includes 55,300 annuities now payable as age annuities.
3 Less than 0.5 percent.
76 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 14.—Employee annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, by type and by component
Component	All annuities		Age annuities		Disability annuities	
	Number	Average	Number	Average	Number	Average
Total, regular1		460,000	$409	361,800	$417	2 98,300	$380
Non-tiered 		2,300'	(3)	1,900	(3)	400	(3)
Tier 1, net		436,000	271	341,600	272	94,400	269
Gross tier 1		457,700	339	359,800	344	97,900	320
Offset for social security benefit		191,300	195	158,200	198	33,100	182
Tier II, total 		419,800	120	333,100	127	86,600	94
Service and compensation before 1975	419,800	110	333,100	116	86,600	87
Addition for service before 1975 		80,400	36	67,800	37	12,600	32
Service and compensation after 1974 .	80,400	15	67,800	16	12,600	13
Dual railroad retirement-social security						
windfall		185,100	108	153,100	110	32,000	99
Addition under minimum guarantees4		5,500	144	1,100	76	4,400	162
Reduction for age	67,200	31	67,200	31		
Supplemental annuity		176,300	55	160,900	56	15,400	51
Social security benefit		191,900	197	158,600	199	33,300	186
1	Excludes supplemental annuities and social security benefits.
2	Includes 55,300 annuities now payable as age annuities.
3	Data not available.
4	Includes special social security minimum guarantee and 1974 Act "grandfather clause" assuring benefits, before reduction for social security benefits, at least equal to amounts payable under provisions in effect in December 1974.
NOTE.—Detail will not produce overall average annuity amount as deductions for work and other adjustments are not reflected. Component data based on cases where record is available.
APPENDIX TABLES 77
Table 15.—Regular employee annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, and awarded in fiscal year 1977-78, by type of annuity and by years of service credited
Years of creditable service	Total	Age annuities			Disability annuities
		Full rate		Reduced	
		Beginning at age 65 or over	Beginning before age 65		
IN CURRENT-PAYMENT STATUS ON SEPTEMBER 30, 1978					
Total		. 460,000	221,400	73,200	67,200	’98,300
Average years of service		27.1	27.4	34.3	22.5	24.1
Less than 30 years, total		193,300	81,100			46,500	65,600
10 to 14		. 1 246,600	17,800		14,800	13,900
15 to 19		43,000	17,900			12,500	12,700
20 to 24		48,400	19,100			9,700	19,600
25 to 29		55,300	26,300			9,500	19,400
30 or more years, total		. 266,800	140,300	73,200	20,700	32,600
30 		122,000	80,100	12,700	11,500	17,800
31 to 34		85,800	41,700	26,700	6,600	10,700
35 to 39		55,200	17,700	30,900	2,600	4,000
40 or more		3,700	800	2,900			100
AWARDED IN 1977-78					
Total 		26,900	5,100	12,000	3,500	6,300
Average years of service		28.6	24.8	35.3	18.1	24.5
Less than 30 years, total		11,100	3,300			3,500	4,400
10 to 14		3,400	1,100		1,300	1,100
15 to 19		2,300	700			800	800
20 to 24		2,400	700			600	1,100
25 to 29		3,000	900			700	1,400
30 or more years, total		15,800	1,800	12,000			2,000
30 		1,800	200	1,400		300
31 to 34		4,800	500	3,400			900
35 to 39		7,100	700	5,600			800
40 or more		2,000	400	1,600			(3)
1 Includes 55,300 annuities now payable as age annuities.
2 Includes a small number of annuities based on less than 10 years of service, awarded before 1951.
3 Fewer than 50.
78 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 16.—Regular employee annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, and awarded in fiscal year 1977-78, by type and amount of annuity
Amount of annuity	Total		Age annuities		Disability annuities	
	Number	Percent	Number Percent		Number	Percent
IN CURRENT-PAYMENT						
STATUS ON						
SEPTEMBER 30, 1978						
			All annuities			
Total 		. . 460,000	100	361,800	100	’98,300	100
Immediate retirements		. . 352,600	77	280,000	77	72,600	74
Deferred retirements		. . 107,400	23	81,800	23	25,700	26
Average annuity:						
Total 		$409		$417		$380	
Immediate 		471		481		431	
Deferred .		205		195		236	
			Immediate retirements only2			
Total 		. . 352,600	100	280,000	100	72,600	100
Less than $200 		8,000	2	5,200	2	2,800	4
$200 to $249.99 		10,800	3	6,900	2	3,900	5
$250 to $299.99 		18,600	5	12,400	4	6,200	9
$300 to $349.99 		33,600	10	24,300	9	9,400	13
$350 to $399.99 		46,900	13	37,200	13	9,700	13
$400 to $449.99 		58,200	16	48,700	17	9,500	13
$450 to $499.99 		42,300	12	34,400	12	7,900	11
$500 to $549.99 		33,300	9	25,700	9	7,600	11
$550 to $599.99 		26,400	7	20,300	7	6,100	8
$600 to $649.99 		23,800	7	19,700	7	4,100	6
$650 to $699.99 		22,000	6	18,900	7	3,100	4
$700 to $749.99 		16,900	5	15,200	5	1,700	2
$750 to $799.99 		8,500	2	8,100	3	400	1
$800 and over		3,200	1	3,100	1	100	(3)
See footnotes at end of table.
APPENDIX TABLES 79
Table 16.—Regular employee annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, and awarded in fiscal year 1977-78, by type and amount of annuity—Continued
Amount of annuity	Total		Age annuities		Disability annuities	
	Number	Percent	Number	Percent	Number	Percent
AWARDED IN 1977-78 Total 				All annuities			
			26,900	100	20,600	100	6,300	100
Immediate retirements				19,300	72	14,900	73	4,400	69
Deferred retirements 				7,600	28	5,600	27	2,000	31
Average annuity:						
Total 				$563		$583		$500	
Immediate 				685		708		607	
Deferred 				256		253		264	
			Immediate retirements only1 2			
Total 				19,300	100	14,900	100	4,400	100
Less than $300 				200	1	200	1	100	1
$300 to $349.99 				100	1	100	(3)	(3)	1
$350 to $399.99 				200	1	100	1	100	2
$400 to $449.99 				300	2	200	1	200	4
$450 to $499.99 				600	3	300	2	300	7
$500 to $549.99 				800	4	400	3	500	11
$550 to $599.99 				1,400	7	700	5	700	16
$600 to $649.99 				2,300	12	1,400	9	900	20
$650 to $699.99 				3,100	16	2,300	15	800	19
$700 to $749.99 				3,600	19	3,000	20	600	14
$750 to $799.99 				4,100	21	3,900	26	200	5
$800 and over				2,400	13	2,400	16	(3)	1
1 Includes 55,300 annuities now payable as age annuities.
2 Retirement is considered immediate if the annuity began in the calendar year of employee's last railroad serviceor in the following year; all others are considered deferred.
3 Fewer than 50 or less than 0.5 percent.
80 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 17.—Spouse annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, and awarded in fiscal year 1977-78, by type and amount of annuity
Amount of annuity	Total	Full rate annuities	Reduced annuities Number Percent	Number Percent	Number Percent
IN CURRENT-PAYMENT STATUS ON SEPTEMBER 30, 1978
Total 		. . 232,500	100	115,500	100	117,000	100
Average annuity		$191		$227		$156	
Less than $100		34,800	15	12,700	11	22,100	19
$100 to $149.99 		43,900	19	14,200	12	29,800	25
$150 to $199.99 		58,200	25	20,500	18	37,700	32
$200 to $249.99 		41,700	18	19,900	17	21,800	19
$250 to $299.99 		21,700	9	16,700	15	5,000	4
$300 to $349.99 		19,500	8	19,000	16	500	f1)
$350 and over2		12,600	5	12,500	11	100	(')
AWARDED IN 1977-78						
Total 		23,600	100	16,400	100	7,300	100
Average annuity		$232		$268		$151	
Less than $100		4,000	17	2,000	12	2,000	27
$100 to $149.99 		2,800	12	1,200	7	1,600	22
$150 to $199.99 		2,900	12	1,100	7	1,800	24
$200 to $249.99 		2,800	12	1,500	9	1,300	18
$250 to $299.99 		2,300	10	1,900	12	500	6
$300 to $349.99 		4,000	17	3,800	23	100	2
$350 and over		4,900	21	4,900	30	(*)	t1)
1 Fewer than 50 or less than 0.5 percent.
2 Includes 5,900 annuities at the maximum rate.
NOTE.—Beginning in June 1978, the maximum was $364.54.
APPENDIX TABLES 81
Table 18.—Spouse annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, by type and by component
Component	All annuities		Full rate1		Reduced rate	
	Number	Average	Number	Average	Number	Average
Total 		232,500	$191	115,500	$227	117,000	$156
Non-tiered cases		1,000	(2)	900	(2)	100	(2)
Tier 1, net3		172,800	115	83,700	133	89,100	99
Gross tier 1		231,400	173	114,600	181	116,800	165
Offset for social security benefits ..	150,800	132	69,200	138	81,600	127
Tier II, total4		210,400	64	106,200	78	104,200	50
Dual railroad retirement-social security windfall 		151,000	87	69,200	96	81,800	80
Reduction for age		117,000	21				117,000	21
Social security benefits		150,800	161	69,200	176	81,600	149
Primary		108,100	190	51,800	206	56,300	175
Auxiliary 		42,900	88	17,500	87	25,400	89
1	Includes 72,000 beginning at age 65 or older, 38,700 beginning at ages 60-64 to spouses of 30-year employees, and 4,800 beginning before age 65 to wives with minor or disabled children in their care.
2	Data not available.
3	Net amount reflects tier I offsets for 4,100 spouses who also were receiving an employee annuity.
4	Tier II total amount reflects restoration of tier I amounts for those receiving employee annuities, and reductions to spouse maximum.
NOTE.—Detail will not produce overall average annuity amount as deductions for work and other adjustments are not reflected. Component data based on cases where record is available. There were 500 cases computed under the social security minimum guarantee.
82 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 19.—Spouse annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, and awarded in fiscal year 1977-78, by type and by age of annuitant
Age of annuitant1	Total		Full-rate annuities		Reduced annuities	
	Number	Percent	Number	Percent	Number	Percent
IN CURRENT-PAYMENT						
STATUS ON						
SEPTEMBER 30, 1978						
Total 		. . 232,500	100	115,500	100	117,000	100
Average age		70.4		70.6		70.1	
	4,100	2	4,100	4		
60 to 61	11,300	5	11,200	10		
62 to 64		35,600	15	18,000	16	17,500	15
65 to 69		68,000	29	23,100	20	45,000	38
70 to 74		57,100	25	22,800	20	34,400	29
75 to 79		35,600	15	19,800	17	15,800	14
80 and over		20,800	9	16,500	14	4,300	4
AWARDED IN 1977-78						
Total 		23,600	100	16,400	100	7,300	100
Average age				63.3		63.6		62.7	
Under 60	1,100	5	1,100	7		
60 to 61	6,700	28	6,700	41		
62 to 64		10,000	42	2,700	16	7,300	100
65 to 69	3,600	15	3,600	22		
70 to 74	1 400	6	1,400	8		
75 to 79	600	3	600	4		
80 and over		300	1	300	2		
1 Age at end of fiscal year 1977-78 for annuities in current-payment status at end of year and age on beginning date for annuities awarded in year.
APPENDIX TABLES 83
Table 20.—Survivor annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, and awarded in fiscal year 1977-78, by type and
by amount of annuity
Children—
Total1	Aged widows Disabled widows Widowed mothers Under age 18	Aged 18 and
and widowers	and widowers	and fathers	nr ctudpntc	nvpr and
Amount of annuity	aged iS	Sed
Num-	Per-	Num-	Per-	Num-	Per-	Num-	Per-	Num-	Per-	Num-	Per-
ber	cent	ber	cent ber	cent	ber	cent ber	cent	ber	cent
IN CURRENT-PAYMENT
STATUS ON
SEPTEMBER 30, 1978
Total ............... 332,900	100	290,100	100	26,500	100	5,900	100	20,000	100	10,200	100
Average annuity....................... $285	$242	$301	$287	$234
Less than $100 ........... 6,800	2	5,400	2	200	3	100	1	500	2	700	6
$100 to	$124.99 .......... 13,500	4	12,300	4	300	5	100	1	500	2	300	3
$125 to	$149.99 .......... 20,100	6	18,700	6	500	7	100	2	500	2	300	3
$150 to	$174.99 .......... 25,900	8	23,400	8	500	8	200	3	800	4	1,000	10
$175 to	$199.99 .......... 23,100	7	20,200	7	500	8	300	5	1,100	6	1,000	9
$200 to	$224.99 .......... 20,100	6	17,000	6	500	8	300	5	1,200	6	1,000	10
$225 to	$249.99 .......... 21,700	7	17,800	6	700	10	400	7	1,600	8	1,200	12
$250 to	$274.99 .......... 20,700	6	16,900	6	800	12	400	7	1,200	6	1,300	13
$275 to	$299.99 .......... 25,700	8	20,500	7	800	13	700	12	2,200	11	1,400	14
$300 to	$324.99 .......... 24,500	7	17,800	6	800	12	1,100	19	3,600	18	1,200	12
$325 to	$349.99 .......... 21,600	6	17,100	6	600	9	800	14	2,700	13	500	5
$350 to	$374.99 .......... 30,000	9	27,200	9	300	4	600	10	1,700	9	200	2
$375 to	$399.99 .......... 31,500	9	29,900	10	100	1	400	6	1,100	5	100	1
$400 and over............. 47,800	14	45,800	16	(3)	(3)	500	9	1,400	7	100	1
See footnotes at end of table.
84 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 20.—Survivor annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, and awarded in fiscal year 1977—78, by type and by amount of annuity—Continued
Children—
T . j	Aged widows Disabled widows Widowed mothers Under age 18	Aged 18 and
l0lal	and widowers	and widowers	and fathers	or students	over and
Amount of annuity	aged 18-22	disabled
Num-	Per	Num-	Per-	Num-	Per	Num-	Per-	Num-	Per-	Num-	Per-
ber	cent	ber	cent ber	cent ber	cent ber	cent	ber	cent
AWARDED IN 1977-78
Total ................. 22,200	100	17,700	100	600	100	900	100	2,600	100	400	100
Average annuity....................... $327	$245	$331	$307	$268
Less than $100 .............. 500	2	300	2	(3)	2	(3)	2	100	4	(3)	6
$100 to $124.99 ............. 300	1	200	1	(3)	2	(3)	1	100	2	(3)	3
$125 to $149.99 ............. 500	2	400	2	(3)	4	(3)	1	(3)	2	(3)	2
$150 to $174.99 ........... 1,000	4	800	5	(3)	7	(3)	2	100	3	(3)	4
$175 to	$199.99 ........... 1,400	6	1,100	6	100	12	(3)	4	100	5	(3)	5
$200 to	$224.99 ........... 1,200	5	1,000	5	100	12	(3)	3	100	5	(3)	6
$225 to	$249.99 ........... 1,200	6	900	5	100	13	(3)	5	200	7	(3)	8
$250 to $274.99 ..........  1,300	6	900	5	100	15	100	7	200	7	(3)	10
$275 to $299.99 ........... 1,500	7	1,100	6	100	10	100	7	200	7	(3)	12
$300 to $324.99 ........... 1,600	7	1,100	6	100	9	100	10	300	10	100	19
$325 to	$349.99 ........... 1,800	8	1,300	7	(3)	7	100	12	300	11	(3)	9
$350 to	$374.99 ........... 1,900	9	1,500	9	(3)	4	100	13	300	10	(3)	8
$375 to $399.99 ........... 2,000	9	1,700	10	(3)	\ 2	100	8	200	6	(3)	2
$400 to	$424.99 ........... 2,300	10	2,100	12	(3)	1	100	10	200	7	(3)	2
$425 to $449.99 ........... 1,800	8	1,500	8	............ 100	8	200	7	(3)	2
$450 and over.............. 2,000	9	1,700	10	............ 100	7	200	7	(3)	(3)
1 Includes annuities to dependent parents.
2 Includes 4,100 annuities now payable as aged widow(er)s' annuities.
3 Fewer than 50 or less than 0.5 percent.
NOTE._Data exclude 400 survivor (option) annuities averaging $96. Some 2,200 annuities to widow(er)s temporarily being paid at spouse rates pending final adjudication of survivor
annuities are also excluded.
APPENDIX TABLES 85
Table 21.—Survivor annuities in current-payment status on September 30, 1978, by type and by component
_	Total	Aged widow(er)s	Disabled widow(er)s
Component	________________ __________________ _________________ _____and fathers_
Number Average Number Average Number Average Number Average
Total ...................................... 332,900	$283	290,100	$285	6,500	$242	5,900	$301
Tier I, net..................................... 308,200	210	266,500	211	5,800	183	5,900	231
Gross tier I................................. 332,900	278	290,100	285	6,500	311	5,900	234
Offset for social security benefit1 ......... 137,700	177	132,500	178	1,900	174	200	153
Age reduction................................. 94,700	35	88,200	30	6,500	97	................
Tier II, total.................................. 332,900	81	290,100	84	6,500	65	5,900	71
Regular tier II.............................. 332,900	81	290,100	83	6,500	64	5,900	70
Additional tier II2 ........................... 4,200	58	3,300	69	100	77	400	10
Dual railroad retirement-social security windfall. 58,100	44	56,500	43	1,500	59	100	58
Social security benefit......................... 136,700	184	131,800	185	1,800	193	100	184
Children
Under age 18	Students aged 18-22	A8and1dis	-•	-g “’qg .8	o	°°°2..........
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APPENDIX TABLES 87
AWARDED IN 1977-78
Total ..................... 22,200	100	17,700	100	600	100	900	100	2,600	100	400	100
Averageage....................................... 70.3	54.5	45.8	14.7	39.4
Under 10........................... 400	2	.............................................. 400	13	.............
10 to 17 ....................... 1.600	7	..........................................••••	1.600	59	.............
18 to 21	............. 800	3	............................. < )	1 >	700	27	( )	11
22 to 29 ''........................ 100	(4)	............................. (4)	2	(4)	(4)	100	17
30 to 39 .......................... 200	1	............................. 100	12	............. 100	25
40 to 49	................. 400	2	............................. 300	32	............. 100	22
50 t0 59 ....................... 1,100	5	............. 600	100	400	48	............. 100	19
60 to 69 ........................ 8,900	40	8,800	50	............. 100	6	............. (4)	6
70 to 79 ........................ 6,300	28	6,300	36	.............................................. 11
80 and over...................... 2,600	12	2,600	15	.............................................. 11	11
1 Age on birthday in fiscal year 1977-78 for annuities in current-payment status at end of 5 Students eligible until end of semester following 22nd birthday, year and age on beginning date for annuities awarded in year.	NOTE.—Data exclude 400 survivor (option) annuities and 2,200 annuities to widow(er)s tem-
Includes annuities to epen en paren s.	annuities	porarily being paid at spouse rates pending final adjudication of survivor annuities.
3 Includes 4,100 annuities now payable as aged widow(er)s annuities.	H 3
4 Fewer than 50 or less than 0.5 percent.
88 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 23.—Unemployment and sickness beneficiaries and qualified employees, by age, benefit year 1977-78
Age on birthday in calendar year 1977	Unemployment beneficiaries1	Sickness beneficiaries1	Qualified employees	Beneficiaries per 100 qualified employees	
				Unemployment	Sickness
Total2 		94,900	81,800	602,600	16	14
Under 25		17,500	6,300	52,200	34	12
25 to 29		22,000	11,300	87,200	25	13
30 to 34		14,200	9,100	74,800	19	12
35 to 39		8,600	6,600	52,500	16	12
40 to 44		6,600	5,800	46,200	14	13
45 to 49		6,900	7,900	59,600	12	13
50 to 54		8,100	12,000	81,700	10	15
55 to 59		7,400	14,100	81,100	9	17
60 to 64		3,400	8,000	56,000	6	14
65 and over		200	600	10,700	2	6
1	Includes a small number of beneficiaries paid on the basis of qualifying compensation earned in a year otherthan 1976.
2	Includes beneficiaries whose age was not reported.
NOTE.—Beneficiary figures based on payments made in the year, regardless of the benefit year for which payment was made. Age distribution of qualified employees based on 4-percent sample. Qualified employees for 1977-78 benefit year are those qualified on basis of 1976 compensation.
APPENDIX TABLES 89
Table 24.—Principal administrative data for the unemployment and sickness benefit programs, benefit years 1974—78
Item	1973-74	1974-75	1975-76	1976-77	1977-78
Qualified employees 		. . 650,600	640,400	661,400	617,000	602,600
UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS					
Net amount of benefits paid					
(thousands) 		. . $22,417	$37,549	$142,983	$111,239	$112,393
Payments:1					
Number 		. . 254,500	411,600	826,500	604,500	614,900
Average amount per 2-week					
claim period		$95.19	$94.28	$175.87	$190.75	$195.05
Beneficiaries 		47,700	77,900	105,300	84,600	94,900
Applications received 		60,600	108,600	133,000	102,500	112,200
Claims received		. . 274,000	443,400	875,100	640,800	652,700
Normal benefit accounts					
exhausted 		4,000	4,800	20,500	13,400	10,500
SICKNESS BENEFITS					
Net amount of benefits paid					
(thousands) 			. . $28,053	$29,564	$74,930	$77,973	$71,197
Payments:1					
Number 		. . 450,000	417,900	473,000	514,200	482,200
Average amount per 2-week					
claim period		.. $111.45	$111.26	$204.92	$230.63	$232.06
Beneficiaries 		71,100	67,400	76,900	82,200	81,800
Applications received 		94,800	89,600	103,000	107,600	107,800
Claims received		. . 487,300	453,300	511,800	549,900	511,300
Accounts exhausted		8,500	7,900	11,200	12,400	11,100
1 Not adjusted for recoveries or settlements of underpayments.
NOTE.—Data cover program activities during year, regardless of when unemployment or sickness occurred. Average amount for 2-week claim period and number of beneficiaries based on 20-percent sample for benefit years 1973-74 and 1974-75; beginning with 1975-76, universe data were used.
90 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 25.—Principal administrative data for placements of unemployment claimants, benefit years 1974—78
Item	1973-74	1974-75	1975-76	1976-77	1977-78
Total1 ................................... 2,607	2,397	4,541	5,795	5,607
In railroad industry............................. 1,400	1,089	2,440	3,934	3,984
Outside railroad industry........................ 1,207	1,308	2,101	1,861	1,623
By Board offices, total................... 1,034	630	1,153	2,336	2,385
In railroad industry............................... 836	505	,939	2,095	2,236
Outside railroad industry.........................  198	125	214	241	149
By unemployment claims agents, total ............................ 1,537	1,740	3,339	3,401	3,163
In railroad industry............................... 563	578	1,489	1,826	1,749
Outside railroad industry.......................... 974	1,162	1,850	1,575	1,414
1 Includes placements made by State employment service offices.
APPENDIX TABLES 91
Table 26.—Unemployment and sickness beneficiaries by occupational group, benefit year 1977—78
Unemployment	Sickness
Number paid in mid-month of quarter	Number paid in mid-month of quarter
Occupational group	Total --------------------------------------- Total ----------------------------------------
8 H	for	July- October- January- April- for	July- October- January- April-
year September December March June year September December March June 1977	1977	1978	1978	1977	1977	1978	1978
Total1 ...................  94,900	22,400	25,400	47,100	19,700	81,800	22,500	21,600	21,000	19,200
Office employees:
Executives, officials, and staff assistants .	300	100	100	100	100	500	100	100	100	100
Supervisors and professionals. 2,300	700	700	900	500	4,000	900	900	1,000	900
Station agents and telegraphers...	1,600	500	500	800	500	2,000	500	500	500	400
Clerks and other office employees.	7,800	2,200	2,500	3,200	2,100	11,300	2,900	2,800	2,600	2,400
Train-and-engine-service employees:
Engineers .................... 4,800	1,100	1,000	1,800	800	4,900	1,300	1,300	1,300	1,200
Conductors ....................... 6,100	1,300	1,300	2,300	1,000	6,500	1,800	1,800	1,800	1,600
Firemen and hostlers.......... 3,400	800	700	1,500	600	1,900	500	400	400	400
Brakemen, baggagemen, and switchtenders............... 23,300	6,500	7,400	10,600	5,000	12,600	3,300	3,200	3,200	2,900
Gang foremen ................... 2,100	400	400	1,100	400	3,000	800	800	900	800
Maintenance employees:
Way and structures craftsmen...... 5,300	700	1,000	3,500	1,000	4,400	1,300	1,200	1,200	1,000
Shop craftsmen............... 11,600	2,000	1,700	5,400	1,400	14,600	4,300	4,100	3,900	3,700
Way and structures helpers and apprentices ................... 600	100	100	300	100	500	100	100	100	100
Shop helpers and apprentices. 2,100	400	500	1,200	400	1,300	400	300	300	300
Other maintenance-of-way employees	....	14,100	2,600	4,200	10,000	3,600	6,800	2,000	2,000	1,700	1,500
Other shop and stores employees .......	2,300	600	700	1,100	500	2,700	800	700	700	700
Station and platform employees. 1,600	700	700	700	400	700	200	200	200	100
All other employees ....... 4,700	1,600	1,800	2,200	1,000	3,600	1,100	1,000	900	900
Includes beneficiaries whose occupation was not reported.	NOTE.—Data based on all payments made in the year, regardless of benefit year for which
payment was made.
92 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 27.—Number of employees and their compensation, for all employers and class I railroads, 1968-77
All employees	Class I railroad employees_
Compensation (millions)	j	~	.
Number (thousands) --------------------,---- Number (thousands)	Compensation (millions)
Calendar year	------------------ Taxable (RRA)2	------------------- -------------------
Total Average1	Amount of total	Total Average1	Total	(RFM)^
1968	..................... 879	683	$5,878	$5,000	85.1	747	591	$5,111	$4,338
1969	’	/.................. 865	659	6,092	4,966	81.5	742	578	5,363	4,354
1970	.................... 825	640	6,281	4,896	77.9	719	566	5,557	4,319
1971	’’	’’................ 774	611	6,602	4,830	73.2	680	544	5,895	4,300
1972	................ 737	589	7,156	5,350	74.8	652	527	6,435	4,792
1973	..................... 726	584	7,936	6,265	78.9	645	524	7,134	5,635
1974	..................... 739	592	8,399	7,271	86.6	661	533	7,576	6,570
1975	.................... 678	548	8,346	7,112	85.2	609	497	7,563	6,478
1976	’ ’	’ ’ ’............ 661	540	9,262	7,848	84.7	606	496	8,494	7,238
19773 .................... 649	546	10,038	8,468	84.4	596	503	9,224	7,830
1	Average of 12 mid-monthly employment figures.	3 Preliminary.
2	Maximum taxable monthly compensation under Railroad Retirement Act was $650 from	n „
January 1968 through December 1971; $750 from January through December 1972; $900 NOTE.-Average employment and total compensation based on Interstate Commerce Com-from January through December 1973; $1,100 from January through December 1974; $1,175 mission reports. Data for all employees include estimates of employees and compensation not from January through December 1975; $1,275 from January through December 1976, and reported to ICC. Data revised to include late reports.
$1,375 from January through December 1977.
APPENDIX TABLES 93
Table 28.—Employers and employing units covered under the Railroad Retirement and Railroad Unemployment Insurance Acts on September 30, 1978, by class
Class	Number
Total ........................................................................................................... 1,012
Employers, total ..................................................................................... 919
Class I line-haul railroads.................................................................................... 54
Class II line-haul railroads.................................................................................. 318
Class I switching and terminal	companies....................................................................... 3
Class II switching and terminal	companies..................................................................... 196
Electric railroads............................................................................................. 10
Express companies .............................................................................................. 2
Car-loan companies............................................................................................. 10
Lessor companies.............................................................................................. 163
Carrier associations.......................................................................................... 102
Railway labor organizations national	in	scope1................................................................. 24
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................. 37
Employing units2..............................................................................   93
1 Excludes subordinate units.
2 Companies that are not themselves employers; service covered is generally service under contract that was held to be service to an employer. Does not include organizations employing "employee representatives."
NOTE.—A total of 2,154 employers and employing units were covered in the period from January 1, 1937, through September 30, 1978, of which 1,142 had ceased operating before September 30, 1978.
94 ANNUAL REPORT, RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD, 1978
Table 29.—Status of Regional Rail Transportation Protective Account, by fiscal year, 1976-78
Appropriations (in millions)	Expenditures
Railroad Un-
e£yancent Transfer to
a . Reimburse- Act benefits	Railroad
Period	Amount Expendi-	"of0"	ments t0	recovered	Board from
appro-	t^es	carrv-	Conrail and bY Railroad	Total
pnated	tures	ca"*	acquiring	Retirement
railroads	Board through adm
transfer from
protective tlve exPenses
account
April-June 19761 ....................... $37.6	$ 0.7	2$ 0	$	667,725	$	0	$	0	$	667,725
July-September 1976 ..................... 10.0	9.3	20	8,073,991	1,202,472	39,460	9,315^923
Fiscal year 1977 ........................ 65.0	60.0	5.0	55,308,349	4,555,812	97,544	59,961,705
Fiscal year 1978 ........................ 93.5	80.1	18.5	76,337,389	3,701,838	27,179	80,066,406
Total, April	1976-September 1978 . 2206.1	150.0	18.5	140,387,454	9,460,122	164,183	150,011,759
1	Date of conveyance of railroad properties to Conrail was April 1, 1976.	total of $168.5 million was appropriated to the Regional Rail Transportation Protective Account
2	A total of $37.6 million in budgetary appropriations for April-June 1976 and July-September	during the April 1976-September 1978 period.
1976 was allowed to lapse without carryover into the following fiscal period. Therefore, a net
NOTE.—Detail may not add to total due to rounding.
-
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