    [The United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

    ﻿The United States
    INFORMATION BOOKLET FOR YOUNG AMERICANS
    F W	INTERESTED IN A CAREER AS AN OFFICER
    IN THE UNITED STATES MERCHANT MARINE
    WAR SHIPPING ADMINISTRATION TRAINING ORGANIZATION
    . merchant Marine Cadet Corps

    War Shipping Administration WASHINGTON
    ADM INISTRATOR
    The purpose of this booklet is tn iJ ro	rm young Americans who possess
    courage, stamina, and sincerity of purpose of th , an honorable career, pioneered by £e f
    Americans.	S || and ^BUrous
    The profession of shin’«! nrr-tn
    — « — - «U not
    not quit when the going gets tough. Above all it calls f^ with a strong ^ire g a
    appo^t7011112 U WH° B iiSi Ue War Administration offers United States Merchant
    —nt appointment as Midship| Merchant g S t Reserve. The	«aval
    «-er M11„Z	“	«“ S - - «
    vessels - vessels which carry the flea-
    y flag and commerce of this Nation to every port on the seven seas.
    Our country's determination to take its
    nation and our rapidlv	■ e as a top-ranking maritime
    xpanding merchant fleet assures steady gainful
    employment and an opportunitv tn	.	gainful
    emergency but als d	?°’	nati°nal
    & noy, but also during peace.
    Rear Admiral, USN (Ret'd)
    Administrator, .ar Shippk6 Ad.lntstration
    THE UNITED STATES MERCHANT MARINE ACADEMY - KINGS POINT, NEW YORK
    CONTENTS
    PART ONE
    Traditions and History of the U. S. Merchant Marine......................7
    « National Policy With Respect to the Merchant Marine.................14
    U. S. Navy and the Merchant Marine....................................  16
    The Merchant Marine as a Service........................................19
    The Profession of Ship’s Officer........................................20
    Opportunities in the Merchant Marine................................... 20
    Authority of the War Shipping Administration to Train Cadet-Midshipmen . 22
    The U. S. Merchant Marine Cadet Corps.............................. . 23
    Qualifications for Appointment.........................................24
    General Information on Courses of Training.............................29
    Division of Cadet-Midshipmen ......................................... 30
    Basic Training.......................................    -	;..........33
    Uniforms and Textbooks, Personal Funds and Equipment...................35
    Orientation............................................................40
    Training at Sea........................................................42
    U. S. Merchant Marine Academy..........................................46
    PART TWO
    -jjlegulations Governing the Appointment and Training of Cadet-Midshipmen in the U. S. Merchant Marine Cadet Corps, Definitions.............58
    General Requirements, Physical Requirements............................60
    Scholastic Requirements, Applications, Certificates....................61
    Scholastic Tests, Required Finances, Eligible Lists, Appointments and
    Assignments........................................................... 62
    Courses of Training....................................................63
    Pay.................................................................. .64
    Allowances, Transportation, Quarters and Mess, Annual Leave............65
    Uniforms, Insignia, Textbooks, Equipment, Honors, Vessels Required to
    Carry Cadet-Midshipmen, Active Duty in Navy as Midshipman, Merchant Marine Reserve...................................................66
    Resignations, Termination of Training—Diploma, Distribution of Regulations, Amendment of Regulations, and issuance of Instructions......67
    PART THREE
    Outline of Courses During Existing Emergency—U. S. Merchant Marine Cadet
    Corps Circular No. 43—32, issued April 30, 1943 (as amended)...........69
    Basic Training.........................................................70
    Aboard Ship............................................................72
    Advanced Training.............................•........................73
    JOHN PAUL JONES, 1747-1792. Made his first voyage at the age of 12 and at the age of 21 became captain of a merchant vessel. One of the first officers in the United States Navy—was a captain at the age of 28. The body of John Paul Jones rests in the crypt of the chapel at the United States Naval Academy.
    JOHN BARRY, 1745-1803. Made th first of many voyages in merchant vessels i the early age of 11. He was one of the firs officers commissioned in the Navy and latei became the United States Navy’s first Coni' modore. He superintended the construe tioh and later commanded the frigate Unitea States.
    THE DREADNOUGHT. One of the most.famous clipper ships.
    SAMUEL SAMUELS, 1823-^1908. Famous as the master of the Red Cross Line Ship Dreadnought. Made 75 fast passages across the North Atlantic. Commanded USS John Rice during the Civil War.
    WILLIAM STURGIS, . 1782-1863. Shipmaster and owner. Began his career at the age of 14. At 19 became master of the ship Carole. Later became member of the famous firm of Bryant and Sturgis and was a member of Congress for 12 years.
    PART ON E
    TRADITIONS AND HISTORY OF THE U. S. MERCHANT MARINE
    UNLIKE THE NAVY, no definite date can be given for the founding of the United States Merchant Marine. However, it has been written by Marvin in his authoritative work: “Our national independence was really won and maintained by us upon the sea by the splendid constancy of valor and skill of the crews of our merchant ships, whalers, and fishermen who in the Revolution were almost as numerous as, and far more effective than, the entire army of Washington.” As a service our Merchant Marine is older than the Navy itself—men from our Merchant Marine today are helping the Navy officer and man auxiliaries and combatant vessels—their forebears were the first naval officers.
    Merchant Marine officers are proud of those who preceded them in the service of their country and ocean commerce. John Paul Jones, John Barry and other national heroes who established early traditions for the United States Navy received their training in the Merchant Marine.
    Hundreds of Merchant Marine officers distinguished themselves in World War I. Among them was Commander James J. Madison, who was awarded the Congressional Medal of {Continued on page 10}
    7
    ¿Top left/ CADET-MIDSHIPMAN EDWIN JOSEPH O’HARA, 1923-1942. Born Lindsay, California. Educated Lindsay Senior High School and Visalia Junior College, Visalia, California. Appointed Cadet-Midshipman and assigned to U. S. Merchant Marine Cadet Basic School, San Mateo, on January 8, 1942. Killed in action on September 27, 1942. ¿Top center/ The Presidential citation awarding the highest honor of the United States Merchant Marine to Cadet-Midshipman O’Hara. ¿Top right/ An artist’s conception of the battle scene in which Cadet-Midshipman O’Hara gave his life in the service of his country. ¿Bottom left/ O’Hara Hall. Gymnasium and drill hall at the United States Merchant Marine Academy named in his honor. ¿Bottom right/ Mrs. Joseph C. O’Hara, mother of Cadet-Midshipman O’Hara receives the posthumous award of the Distinguished Service Medal from Commander A. O. Brady, USNR, Assistant Supervisor and Operations Officer, USMMCC.
    9
    Honor. Although severely wounded, Commander Madison caused himself to be placed in a chair on the bridge of his ship and continued to direct the fire and to maneuver his ship.
    Thousands of Merchant Marine officers are performing acts of courage and valor today in World War II. Not to be forgotten are Cadet-Midshipman Edwin J. O’Hara and more than 100 other Cadet-Midshipmen of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps, who, during their period of training at sea in 1942 and 1943, have given their lives for their country.
    The education, skill, and daring of the officers who serve in the Merchant Marine of the United States have been rated as the highest among all maritime nations. Two shipmasters who distinguished themselves were Delano and Cleveland—kinsmen of President Roosevelt and President Cleveland.
    Another, Captain Samuel Samuels, of the packet ship Dreadnought was the popular hero of American and foreign merchantmen. Captain Samuels was worthy of his ship. He went to sea at the age of 11, was shanghaied from a revenue brig, placed in a Baltimore ship bound for Liverpool; served in the Texan Navy, became Second and then Chief Officer in the British Merchant Marine, and at the age of 21 stood on an American quarterdeck as Commanding Officer. He outsailed a British man-of-war fleet in the Mediterranean, was offered but declined the position of Admiral in the Turkish Navy, and later battled Mediterranean pirates. His fame
    as a ship master was so well established that a group of New York merchants subscribed to give him the best pack^ ship that could be built. Captain Samuels superintended her construction personally and in 1860 the Dreadnought, under his command, made one of the quickest transatlantic passages a sailing ship has ever recorded.
    During the era of the Dreadnought, Donald McKay, Red Jacket, Challenge and other packets and clippers, it was a common practice for foreign merchantmen to clip their broad and lofty wings because they were unable or afraid to spread such pinnacles of canvas. Yet American officers knew how to control these tall ships so that they not only made quicker passages, but met with fewer accidents and delivered their cargoes in better condition than the stump-sparred cr^t of Europe. “Cracking on” sail and “carrying hard” were an exact science with those American merchant commanders and the very reverse of sheer recklessness which these things often appeared to be to astonished foreign merchantmen. A British, Dutch, or French vessel snugged down to reefed topsails and holding bare steerageway would see a cloud of snow-white canvas burst out of the gloom of the Pacific and vanish like a ghost to leeward—an American clipper under royals. Then there would be objurgations of Yankee foolhardiness, but when the British, Dutch, or French skipper crawled into Valparaiso or Calcutta he would find a mighty clipper all loaded and clearer
    10
    ,^bove/ SS Savannah. The first trans-
    Atlantic steamer. Sailed from New York on
    May 22, 1819. The first passage took 29
    days and 11 hours.
    ¿Below/ SS Oregon Second United States steamer to round the Horn. Left New York December 8, 1848 and arrived at San Francisco on April 1, 1849.
    home, immaculate alow and aloft, without a scratch on her graceful hull, or so much as a rope-yarn awry in her rigging.1
    Wm. S. Lindsay, the historian of the British Merchant Marine, who had been a sailor as well as a shipowner, said of the superiority of American Merchant officers in his authoritative work written less than a century ago: “During the first half of this century the Masters of American vessels were, as a rule, greatly superior to those who held similar positions in English ships, arising in some measure from the limited education of the latter, which was not sufficient to qualify them for the higher grades of the Merchant Service.
    “American shipowners required of their Masters not merely a knowledge of navigation and seamanship but of commercial pursuits, the nature of exchange, the art of correspondence, and a sufficient knowledge of business to qualify them to represent the interests of their employers to advantage with merchants abroad. On all such matters the Commanders of English ships, with the exception of the East India Co., were at this period greatly inferior to the Commanders of the United States vessels.”
    A Committee in the House of Commons in 1836 had spoken of the “vast superiority” in officers, crews, and equipment, and the consequent success and growth of American shipping.
    The British Consul for Maine and New Hampshire in a report to the For
    1 Marvin, United States Merchant Marine.
    eign Office in 1847 said, “Education is much prized by the citizens; mam; vessels, therefore, are commanded by gentlemen with a college education and by those educated in high schools who on leaving these institutions enter a merchant’s counting room for a limited time before they go to sea for practical seamanship, etc.” Another British Consul, in Philadelphia, wrote, “A lad intended for the higher grades in the Merchant Service of America, after having been at school some years and acquired a competent knowledge of mathematics, navigation, ship’s husbandry and perhaps French—generally apprenticed to some respectable merchant in whose countinghouse he remains 2 or 3 years or at least until he becomes familiar with exchanges and such other commercial matters as m^ qualify him to represent his principals in foreign countries. He is then sent to sea generally in the capacity of second mate, from which he gradually rises to that of Captain.”
    The contemporary leaders of the United States Merchant Marine play an important part in the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps. Captain Giles C. Stedman, USNR, former Commodore of the United States Lines and Commanding Officer of the SS America, is the Superintendent of the United States Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point, New York. His career as a merchant officer has been marked by several heroic rescues at sea including the rescue of the British freighter Exeter City in 1933 w^n
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    ¿Above/ 5'5' New York. Originally City of New York built 1889 on the Clyde in England. Transferred to American flag as the City of New York in 1893. During Spanish-American War served as an auxiliary cruiser in the Navy under the name of USS Harvard. After the War, the vessel was returned to the American Line and renamed SS New York. In World War I again was
    taken over by the Navy and renamed USS Plattsburg. In 1919 she was sold to the Polish American Line. ¿Below/ SS Pennsylvania. Formerly in the service of the Panama Pacific Line; rebuilt and renamed Argentina in 1937 and placed in passenger and cargo service between New York and east coast of South America by the American Republics Line, a unit of the Moore-McCormack Lines.
    Captain Stedman commanded the SS American Merchant. The seamanship involved in this rescue is said to represent one of the finest exploits in the annals of the Merchant Marine.
    Commander Patrick Brennan, USNR, Chief Engineer of the SS America while operating under the Navy as the USS West Point, is District Cadet-Midshipman Supervisor at New York. Commander Brennan’s record as a Chief Engineer in the United States Merchant Marine is one of outstanding accomplishments. He has served as Chief Engineer in the largest of American merchant vessels for more than a quarter of a century and has assisted thousands of young engineering officers in the Merchant Marine.
    The Supervisor, the Assistant Supervisors, District Cadet-Midshipman Supervisors, the Superintendent and Commandant of Cadet-Midshipmen of the Academy, the Commanding Officers of the Basic Schools, and almost all officers and officer-instructors assigned to Cadet Corps units are licensed officers in the Merchant Marine and hold commissions in the United States Naval Reserve. Since January 1942, many of these officers have been on active duty in the Navy.
    The United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps is proud of the service of which it is a part. The officers and men of the United States Merchant Marine who have done so much to establish the traditions of not only their own service, but also the United States
    Navy, are honored at all Cadet Corps units. Buildings, training vessels, roads, and walks, and principal centers of activity at each of the schools are named in memory of those who have contributed to the building, expansion, and A prestige of this silent service. The motto of the Corps is Acta Non Verba— Deeds, Not Words, in keeping with the tradition of the Merchant Marine.
    NATIONAL POLICY WITH RESPECT TO THE MERCHANT MARINE
    THE POLICY OF the United States with respect to its Merchant Marine, is stated in the Merchant Marine Act of 1936:
    “It is necessary for the national defense and development of its foreign and domestic commerce that the United States shall have a Merchant Marine (.4) sufficient to carry its domestic water-borne commerce and a substantial portion of the water-borne export and import foreign commerce of the United States and to provide shipping service on all routes essential for maintaining the flow of such domestic and foreign water-borne commerce at all times, (B) capable of serving as a naval and military auxiliary in time of war or national emergency, (C) owned and operated under the United States flag by citizens of the United States insofar as may be practicable, and (D) composed of th? best equipped, safest, and most suitable types of vessels constructed in the United States and manned with a trained and efficient citizen personnel
    14
    {Above} SS America, largest passenger vessel ever built in the U. S. Launched in 1939, and placed in service by the United States Lines to replace the Leviathan.
    {Below} In 1941 the SS America was taken over by the United States Navy—renamed the USS West Point and placed in active service as a transport.
    THE UNITED STATES NAVY AND
    THE MERCHANT MARINE
    THE relationship of the United States
    Navy and Merchant Marine may be expressed in the following excerpt from a -letter written by Charles Francis Adams, Secretary of the Navy in 1932:
    “. . . The Navy and the Mer-
    ¿Left/ An armed merchant vessel in a heavy sea. ¿Top right/ Cadet-Midshipman assists Naval armed guard crew clean ship’s ordnance equipment. ¿Bottom right/ Gun drill aboard an armed merchant vessel.
    chant Marine are joined by an inseparable relationship. Each is indispensable tSthe other and each is inspired by the fine traditions of the sea. Throughout our history as a Nation they have been cherished with just pride by our people.
    “In a time of national emergency the Merchant Marine supplements the Navy as an arm of national defense.
    Merchant vessels become naval cruisers and naval auxiliaries for the transport of troops, munitions, fuel, and supplies necessary to the support and maintenance of naval and military units. The Merchant Marine constitutes a reserve from which a body of trained seagoing men are available to augment the personnel of a naval fleet. . .
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    THE MERCHANT MARINE AS A SERVICE
    THE TERM “MARINE” is used throughout the maritime world to identify its vessels. Vessels under the flag of the United States may be divided into three classes, as follows:
    1.	The United States Navy or “armed” marine which consists of those vessels whose prime mission is the defense of the country and victory over the enemy.
    2.	The United States Merchant Marine or “commercial” marine which consists of vessels utilized in carrying on the water-borne trade of the Nation. Vessels in this category are engaged in the transportation of cargo, passengers,
    ^op left./ SS Santa Elena of Grace Line. Normally operated in West Coast of South American trade. ¿Bottom left/ C-2 type cargo vessel. ¿Bottom right/ New Victory type ship.
    and troops in the foreign and domestic trades. For the most part vessels in this class are privately owned. During war merchant vessels are armed. Many are taken over by the Navy and Army for use as transports, cargo carriers, tankers, and hospital ships.
    3.	The Government Marine which consists of vessels, other than those of the United States Navy, utilized by the several departments of the Government in the conduct of their affairs. The vessels of the United States Army Transport Service and the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey are in this category.
    During normal periods, Cadet-Midshipmen are assigned only to vessels in the Merchant Marine and the Government Marine for their sea training. During periods of national emergency Cadet-Midshipmen may be placed on active duty as Midshipmen of the Naval Reserve.
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    THE PROFESSION OF SHIP’S OFFICER
    SEAFARING IS A PROFESSION. Its followers from time immemorial have of necessity possessed courage and stamina; courage to face dangers and adventure, stamina and strength to meet the challenge of the elements. Today these qualities are even more important. But with the changes over the years, the development of sea power, and the advent of the highly complex modern vessels, adequate and proper training for a career at sea is an absolute necessity for the men who will make their way to the top of their profession and, after service in ships, direct shipping and foreign trade activities from ashore.
    OPPORTUNITIES IN THE MERCHANT MARINE
    THE OPPORTUNITIES for advancement in the Merchant Marine are excellent. The pay of officers varies with the type, trade route, tonnage, and power of the vessel. A Third Assistant Engineer^ or Third Officer of the Merchant Marine receives pay and allowances which compare favorably with Ensign in the Navy and Second Lieutenant in the Army. Commanding Officers of passenger liners may receive $7,500 or more per annum. There are also attractive positions ashore after service at sea.
    Former Merchant Marine officers, with the necessary sea service and other qualifications, may be found in such positions
    REAR ADMIRAL A. B. RANDALL USNR (Ret’d). Former Commodore, U. S. Lines and Commanding Officer, SS Leviathan. Now Commandant United States Maritime Service. First Merchant Marine Officer to hold the rank of Rear Admiral in the U. S. Naval Reserve.
    CAPTAIN GILES C. STEDMAN, USNR. Superintendent, United States Merchant Marine Academy, Kings Point, New York. Well known American shipmaster and holder of many decorations and commendations, including the Navy Cross.	®
    20
    as: Directors, presidents, vice presidents, operating managers and marine superin-,indents of steamship companies, shipbuilding and ship repair companies; executives of engineering companies and marine equipment manufacturers and suppliers; marine surveyors and inspectors, and other similar professional activities. Many positions as steamship company representatives in foreign ports are held by former ship’s officers. Opportunities for positions ashore after service at sea are slightly greater for Engineer Officers than for Deck Officers.
    Opportunities for employment with Federal Government agencies dealing with maritime affairs are also numerous. Positions as surveyors, marine superin
    tendents, superintendent engineers, port captains, district managers, coastal and port directors with the United States Maritime Commission and War Shipping Administration in the United States and foreign ports are held by former ship’s officers. Positions are also available as nautical scientists in the Hydrographic Office of the Navy Department, and the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. All the pilots at the Panama Canal are former ship’s officers.
    About 5,000 former officers of the Merchant Marine are now serving afloat and ashore as officers of the United States Navy, United States Coast Guard, United States Maritime Service, and United States Army Transport Service.
    COMMANDER PATRICK BRENNAN, USNR. Former Chief Engineer of the ^SS America while operating under the Navy as the USS West Point, and other large passenger liners. Now District Cadet-Midshipman Supervisor, U. S. Mer-Qhant Marine Cadet Corps, New York, New York.
    CAPTAIN GEORGE FRIED, Merchant Marine Inspector for the Port of New York, has received commendations and decorations, including the Navy Cross, for his participation in rescues. His long career as a Master included service on the SS President Roosevelt, SS Manhattan, and the SS Washington,
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    AUTHORITY OF THE
    WAR SHIPPING ADMINISTRATION
    TO TRAIN CADET-MIDSHIPMEN
    IN CARRYING out the policy of the
    United States with respect to its Merchant Marine, the War Shipping Administration undertakes as one of its functions the selection and training of young American citizens who possess those qualities which, when supplemented by a course of instruction, will
    qualify them to serve as licensed officers in vessels of the Merchant Marine. This phase of the Administration’s activity is administered by the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps, a division of the Training Organization of the War Shipping Administration. After the present emergency the Training Organization will be returned to the United States Maritime Commission.
    Authority for the training of Cadet-Midshipmen is provided by Sec-
    ADMIRAL H. A. WILEY, USN (Ret.) 1867-1943
    Former Commander in Chief of the United States Fleet and later Commissioner in Charge of Training, U. S. Maritime Commission at the time the U. S. Merchant Marine Cadet Corps was established in 1938. The original of this portrait hangs in Wiley Hall at the U. S. Merchant Marine Academy, Kings Point, New York. Died May 20, 1943, at the age of 76, while on active duty in the Navy.
    CAPTAIN EDWARD MACAULEY USN (Ret.)
    Deputy Administrator in Charge of Training, War Shipping Administration and Commissioner, United States Maritime Commission. Successor to Admiral H.^ A. Wiley. Commanded USS George Washington during World War I. Awarded Navy Cross; officer of the Legion of Honor (France) and Order of Leopold (Belgium). Also holds Spanish-Americra War, West Indian and Philippine campaign medals.
    tion 216 (b) of the Merchant Marine Act of 1936, as amended, and in Execu-
    Stive Orders 9083, 9054, and 9198.
    THE UNITED STATES MERCHANT
    MARINE CADET CORPS
    THE United States Merchant Ma-■ rine Cadet Corps was established on March 15, 1938, in keeping with the policy set forth in the Merchant Marine
    Act of 1936 to develop and maintain a strong Merchant Marine “manned with a trained and efficient citizen personnel.” A complete course of training is offered young Americans who are interested in a career as a ship’s officer in the United States Merchant Marine and who possesses the necessary qualifications.
    It is the objective of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps to graduate only those Cadet-Midship
    Assistant Deputy Administrator for Training since March 1943. From August 1940 until appointed Assistant Deputy Administrator for Training, Mr. Knight served as Director of the Division of • Training of the U. S. Maritime Commission and War Shipping Administration. Assisted Admiral H. A. Wiley in establishing the U. S. Merchant Marine Cadet Corps and U. S. Maritime Service in 1938 Tnd has been head of both units since that time.
    MR. TELFAIR KNIGHT
    CAPTAIN R. R. McNULTY, USNR
    Supervisor, U. S. Merchant Marine Cadet Corps since 1938. Graduate Massachusetts Nautical School, Georgetown University School of Foreign Service. Prior to appointment as Supervisor served as Technical Assistant, U. S. Shipping Board; Nautical Expert, Navy Department; Assistant Marine Superintendent and Fleet Opetating Manager, C. D. Mallory & Co.; and with Division of Research, U. S. Maritime Commission.
    men who will prove worthy of the traditions of the American Merchant Marine and its officers in the service of their country and its water-borne commerce. The ideals and principles for which the Cadet Corps stands constitute a code of conduct, well expressed in the mission of the Cadet Corps set forth on the back cover of this booklet.
    Candidates for appointment as Cadet-Midshipmen must be in excellent health, and able to withstand the hardships of the sea. Only those candidates who feel certain that they can meet the exacting requirements should consider appointment to the Cadet Corps. Ability to grasp the essential elements of a problem, a particular aptitude for the physical sciences and mathematics, plus a natural desire to serve in the United States Merchant Marine are fundamental and unalterable requirements. Approximately one-third are “washed out” during the training period.
    Qualifications for Appointment
    As Cadet-Midshipman	.
    Merchant vessels in the course of their employment call at ports throughout the world for the purpose of loading or discharging cargo and passengers, A taking bunkers, or making repairs. The climatic conditions at these ports vary from the intense heat of equatorial Africa to the other extreme found in arctic Russia. Candidates who are not rugged in physique and able to work under trying conditions and to endure the general privations of a seafarer’s life, which include long periods at sea, should not embark upon a seagoing career.
    The specific requirements for appointment as Cadet-Midshipman are contained in the “Regulations Governing the Appointment and Training of Cadet-Midshipmen of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps^
    C-3 Cargo ship, FREDERICK LYKES
    24
    SS President Jackson. Combination cargo and passenger C-3 type.
    EC-2 Liberty type ship.
    Tanker
    which are made a part of this booklet as Part Two and may be found on page 58. Each candidate is urged to read these regulations thoroughly. The general requirements for appointment are covered by Article 101, which may be found on page 60; physical requirements are covered by Article 102 on pages 60 and 61 and scholastic requirements are covered by Article 103 on page 61. The submission of applications is described in Article 104 on page 61. Questions concerning quarters, pay and allowances, etc., may be answered by a careful examination of these regulations.
    National scholastic tests normally required for appointment as Cadet-Midshipman have been waived for the duration of the emergency. At the present time names are placed on an eligible list for appointment in accordance with date of approval of the application, and appointments are made on the basis of state quotas which in turn are based upon the number of congressional districts in each state. A candidate for appointment as Cadet-Midshipman must possess a minimum of fifteen units from accredited schools. The candidate must have completed the prescribed number of units of work as set forth in Article 103 on page 61 of this booklet. In reviewing applications for appointment, particular emphasis is placed on the scholastic record of the candidate in those subjects relating to mathematics and the physical sciences.
    Candidates for appointment as Cadet-Midshipmen in the United States Merchant Marine Corps should not confuse the Merchant Marine with the
    Navy or the Marine Corps. It should be known, however, that many qualified officers of the Merchant Marini hold commissions in the Merchant Marine Reserve of the United States Naval Reserve and Midshipmen or officers in the Naval Reserve are subject to active duty in the Navy during national emergency. The physical requirements and naval science courses of study prescribed for Cadet-Midshipmen are designed to prepare them for active duty when called by the Navy for service afloat as Midshipmen or officers. Cadet-Midshipmen of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps must qualify for appointment as Midshipmen, Merchant Marine Reserve of the United States Naval Reserve and, after completion of training and obtaining license, receive commissions as Ensign, USNR.
    In return for the training provided^ the Federal Government asks only that Cadet-Midshipmen prove themselves worthy. Every assistance will be rendered to those who prove themselves so by continued and sustained effort. Neither time nor money will be wasted on those Cadet-Midshipmen who exert less than their very best efforts. Only those who possess the necessary qualifications to proceed with the highly concentrated course of study, and who are prepared to meet the hazardous and exacting requirements of wartime practical training at sea should apply for appointment.
    All Cadet-Midshipmen must be able to swim and pass combat training tests before detachment from basic schools and assignment to ships.
    26
    U. S. Naval Reserve Insignia worn by Cadet-Midshipmen and those officers of the Merchant Marine who are commissioned in the Naval Reserve. Candidates who would object to appointment in the United States
    Naval Reserve or active duty afloat as Midshipmen or officers in the Navy should not submit applications for appointment in the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps.
    Cadet-Midshipman (Deck) throwing heaving line to man on dock.
    Cadet-Midshipmen (Engine) adjusting circuit breaker on control panel.
    General Information on Courses of
    •Training for Cadet-Midshipmen
    The training courses of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps are a combination of academic preparation ashore and “training in industry” or apprentice officer training aboard ship.
    Each phase is of prime importance in qualifying the young Cadet-Midshipman to undertake his duties as an officer in the Merchant Marine. Practical training aboard regular merchant ships in operation, the same ships in which they will later serve as officers, provides the Cadet-Midshipman with not only
    the experience and knowledge of shipboard work but the confidence necessary to assume officer positions. Academic training at the United States Merchant Marine Academy and Cadet Basic Schools provides the theoretical background and technical education required for officers^
    Instruction in naval science further broadens the training of the Cadet-Midshipman. The United States Navy has assigned qualified naval officers to the various Cadet Corps units to serve as instructors in naval science subjects, including Naval Administration, Ordnance and Gunnery, Naval Communications, Elementary Tactics and Maneuvers.
    Navigation Class at a Cadet Basic School.
    The prime phases of the training program are integrated so that when the Cadet-Midshipman is undergoing his practical training aboard ship, he is carrying on his academic work through extension courses in these subjects necessary for his education. He receives assistance in these courses, when his ship is in port, from the District Cadet-Midshipman Supervisors at New York, New Orleans or San Francisco or the Officers-in-Charge of Cadet-Midshipmen at Baltimore, Houston or Seattle. The Cadet-Midshipman must demon
    strate to these officers that he is making satisfactory progress with respect to his studies as well as his practical worW aboard ship.
    Division of Cadet-Midshipmen
    Appointments as Cadet-Midshipmen are divided into two branches: (a) Cadet-Midshipmen (Deck) for duties in the Deck Department, and (b) Cadet-Midshipmen (Engine) for duties in the Engine Department. The choice of the branch is an individual
    ¿Bottom left} Cadet-Midshipman (Deck) unlocks anchor windlass, flop right/ Naval Science instruction on the 20 mm Anti-Aircraft Machine Gun at a Cadet Basic School. ¿Bottom right/ Cadet Midshipmen examine master gyro COmpaSS. •	*
    selection made by the candidate on the basis of his aptitude and particular , desires.
    Each applicant is urged to consider carefully the division to which he wishes to be appointed. Aptitude is particularly important and it should be
    realized that the opportunities for positions ashore after service at sea are greater for Cadet-Midshipmen (Engine) than Cadet-Midshipmen (Deck).
    The following duties are usually allocated to the Engine Department of a merchant vessel :
    31
    ¿Top left/ Cadet-Midshipmen (Engine) stoke furnaces on training vessel at basic school. ¿Top right/ Cadet-Midshipman (Engine) checks engine room lay-out with an Engineer Officer. ¿Bottom left/ Cadet-Midshipman (Engine) at work in machine shop At basic school.
    1.	The operation and maintenance of the propelling machinery.
    2.	The care of auxiliary machinery and mechanical equipment.
    3.	The operation and maintenance of the boilers.
    4.	The supervision of repairs.
    The following duties are usually allocated to the Deck Department of a merchant vessel:
    1.	The navigation of the vessel.
    2.	The supervision of the loading and \ discharging of the cargo.
    3.	The maintenance of the hull and superstructure and of the compartments used for the carrying of cargo.
    ■A
    4.	The security organization (fire patrol, etc.) of the vessel.
    Basic Training
    Upon appointment the Cadet-Midshipman is assigned to one of three units for basic training—the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Basic School at Pass Christian, Miss., the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Basic School at San Mateo, Calif., or the United States Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point, N. Y.
    The purpose of basic training is to provide a period of orientation and preparation for the Cadet-Midshipman prior to his assignment to sea duty. During this period every effort is made to concentrate on the broad fundamentals of the subjects to be covered in the training program. Emphasis is placed on aptitude and officer-like qualities. Practical work is also stressed.
    583870°—44-----------5
    33
    ¿Top lefty Cadet-Midshipmen (Deck) check lifeboat equipment at sea. ¿Bottom lefty ^Cadet-Midshipman (Deck) at the wheel of a B» . .
    training vessel. ¿Righty Cadet-Midshipman (Deck) learns to operate cargo winch.
    The careful selection of candidates and “screening out” tests administered while at basic school insure a high caliber Cadet-Midshipman qualified to pursue the rigorous course of study and practical work aboard ships and finally at the Academy.
    No preferences are allowed as to the basic school to which the Cadet-Midshipman will be sent or the ships to which he will be assigned after successful completion of basic training. Appointments and assignments are made in accordance with the needs of the Corps.
    Uniforms and Textbooks
    The War Shipping Administration furnishes certain items of uniform and textbook equipment while in training.
    After completion of basic training, additional items of uniforms and textbooks may be required of Cadet-Midshipmen. Such items are purchased from pay.
    Personal Funds and Equipment
    On reporting for basic training, a successful candidate should possess $ 100 for spending money, purchase of personal items, and return transportation to home in event of rejection, resignation, or dismissal. In addition a successful candidate must have the following items of personal equipment when .reporting for basic training:
    ¿Bottom lefty Cadet-Midshipmen (Deck) must become proficient in visual signaling before detachment from basic schools and assignment to ships. ¿Top right/ Lifeboat drills are given to all Cadet-Midshipmen at the basic schools. ¿Bottom right/ Successful candidates report for basic training.
    sweater, sleeveless, “V” neck, Navy blue or khaki
    2 ties, plain black, four-in-hand
    1 bow tie, plain black
    1 pair shoes, plain black, for work
    *1 pair shoes, plain black, Blucher style, lace or strap tied, for dress
    ^l bathrobe, Navy blue, any material
    2 suits of pajamas, plain blue or grey, any material
    *3 undershirts, plain white, summer
    3 drawers or shorts, plain white, summer
    4 shirts, plain white, collars not attached
    *6 collars, stiff, turned down, white
    6 handkerchiefs, white, plain
    ¿Continued on page 41}
    (Top left] Infantry drill at U. S. Merchant Marine Cadet Basic School, San Mateo. {Top right] Periodic physical exams and check-ups protect the health of Cadet-Midshipmen. {Below] Artist’s drawing of U. S. Merchant Marine Cadet Basic School, San Mateo, California.
    1	toothbrush with paste or powder
    1	comb
    1	shaving outfit
    6	pairs of plain black socks, any material
    1	shoe polish set, black
    *1 jackknife
    1	clothes brush
    1	sewing kit
    1	pair of rubbers, black
    *1 raincoat, black, and 1 sou’wester
    *1 pair of rubber boots, black (for Cadet-Midshipmen (D) only)
    1	pair of gloves, plain suede, gray, no black marks
    1	pair of gloves, white, cotton
    1	pair of sneakers, white
    *1 sweat shirt, white
    1	bathing trunks, Navy blue
    1	athletic supporter
    1	muffler, white, plain
    1	belt, black, plain
    Note: Cadet-Midshipmen reporting to the United States Merchant Marine Academy during months of November, December, January, February, and March should provide themselves with two suits of heavy underwear. This however, is not compulsory.
    *The items marked by asterisk must be purchased at Ship’s Service Stores at the Basic Schools or in uniform stores of New York, New Orleans, or San Francisco, whichever is designated by the District Cadet-Midshipman Supervisors in those ports. During the emergency any necessary ration certificates for personal items such as shoes must be furnished by the candidate. Ration books for food are not required.
    39
    ¿Top left/ Overnight lifeboat trips are compulsory for all Cadet-Midshipmen during basic training. ¿Top right/ U. S. Merchant Marine Cadet Basic School, Pass Christian, Mississippi. ¿Bottom left./ Antiaircraft drill aboard the training vessel Robert Waterman at Cadet Basic School. ¿Bottom right/ Over the top at Cadet Basic School obstacle course.
    Orientation
    The first two weeks of the three months’ basic training are designated as the “Orientation Period.” In general, the following activities are carried out during this period:
    1.	Book, uniform, and educational material issue.
    2.	Completion of all seaman’s papers.
    3.	Aptitude examination, physical and mental.
    4.	Inoculations.
    5.	Commencement of physical-conditioning program, using combat training facilities.
    40
    6.	Visual signaling for Cadet-Midshipmen (Deck).
    7.	Remedial Mathematics.
    8.	Infantry Drill and Manual of Arms. 9. Visits to ships and/or shipyards.
    10.	Overnight voyages in training vessels and/or lifeboats.
    11.	Night Vision Training.
    In addition to the above activities, regular evening study periods are held throughout the orientation period for the purpose of studying the Regulations and Instructions of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps.
    An outline of the curriculum of basic training during existing emergency is contained in the “Outline of Courses” which is made a part of this booklet as Part Three and may be found on page 69. Each candidate is urged to study this outline in order to familiarize himself with the subjects covered during the course of training. The outline also indicates the number of periods devoted to each particular subject or phase of training.
    Training at Sea
    After successful completion of basic training the Cadet-Midshipman is assigned to a merchant vessel for a period of at least six months.
    Assignments to vessels are made by the District Cadet-Midshipman Supervisors at New York, New Orleans
    Cadet-Midshipmen after detachment from basic school visit the office of the District Cadet-Midshipman Supervisor for instructions before assignment to ships.
    or San Francisco or the Officers-in-Charge of Cadet-Midshipmen at Baltimore, Houston or Seattle.	<
    All practical work aboard ship is supervised by officers.
    The District Cadet-Midshipman Supervisors, Officers-in-Charge of Cadet-Midshipmen and officers on their staffs endeavor to effect the greatest possible cooperation between the Cadet Corps and the officers of the merchant vessels in which the Cadet-Midshipmen obtain their sea training. Cadet Corps officers visit the Cadet-Midshipmen aboard ships while in certain United States ports for the purpose of assisting them with their courses of
    42
    study and determining progress made.
    In addition to the practical work aboard ship, the Cadet-Midshipman carries on a program of study consisting of at least 29 hours per week for at least six months. This is a rigorous assignment but is considered necessary in view of the vast amount to be learned in such a short time during the existing emergency.
    The major portion of the study course pursued at sea is called the “Sea Project,” which is designed to give the Cadet-Midshipman a practical knowledge of his own ship. When correlated with the practical work it serves as an indispensable aid to the Cadet-Mid
    shipman in mastering his sea training and to prepare him for the advanced course at the Academy.
    Upon completion of his training aboard ship the Cadet-Midshipman is detached and assigned to the United States Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point, N. Y. After reporting at the Academy a careful analysis is made of his work aboard ship, both practical and academic, to determine his fitness to proceed with the advanced training. The reports submitted by the District Cadet-Midshipman Supervisors and ships’ officers are of particular value in determining the Cadet-Midshipman’s aptitude and ability.
    Cadet-Midshipmen (Deck) heave in mooring line.
    Cadet-Midshipman (Deck) on practical work assignment paints link to cargo boom block.
    Cadet-Midshipman (Engine) works on Sea Project.
    Cadet-Midshipman (Engine) cleaning main propulsion motor with an air lance.
    44
    Cadet-Midshipmen report aboard for sea duty
    Cadet-Midshipman (Engine) operates soot bWwer on water-tube boiler.
    Cadet-Midshipman Regimental Commander, U. S. Merchant Marine Academy. Selected for outstanding ability, aptitude and officer appearance.
    ¿Bottom left/ Classroom instruction with audio-visual aids. ¿Bottom center and bottom righty Cadet-Midshipmen operate steam laboratory equipment.
    United States Merchant Marine Academy
    From a modest beginning at New London, Conn., in 1940 the Academy was later transferred to Fort Schuyler, N. Y. In March 1942, all Cadet-Midshipmen were transferred to the present site at Kings Point. The original facilities have been expanded and the Academy now consists of approximately 50 acres on which are located 53 permanent buildings. Of modern design, the buildings at the Academy provide every facility for the advanced training of C adet- M idshipmen.
    46
    The faculty has been selected carefully from regular officers of the United States Merchant Marine, and other specialists who, because of their experience, ability and aptitude, are able to transmit their knowledge to Cadet-Midshipmen. Approximately one-half of the instructors are Merchant Marine officers on active duty in the Navy. The remaining officers are enrolled in the United States Maritime Service.
    At the Academy officer-like characteristics are developed in the Cadet-Midshipman through holding
    appointive ranks in the Regimental Organization. Regimental officers are selected on the basis of outstanding ability and aptitude.
    Modern educational trends are closely followed and developed at the Academy. Full advantage is taken of educational films and audio-visual aids of many types are being used successfully.
    Cadet-Midshipmen (Engine) study steam, diesel and electrical engineering, ship construction, mechanical drawing, etc. Much time is spent in
    47
    the laboratories and the machine shop where practical application of classroom work is demonstrated.
    The equipment in the steam and diesel and electrical laboratories at the Academy is complete. Ship type boilers provide steam for utilities and furnish Cadet-Midshipmen with actual experience in the operation and upkeep of marine boilers.
    Cadet-Midshipmen (Deck) study seamanship, navigation, radio, shipping economics, cargo storage, etc. These and other subjects have been correlated carefully with practical drills and exercises.
    Gyro compasses, course recorders, direction finders and other navigational aids have been installed to provide actual experience and training in the operation and upkeep of this all-important equipment. Ship construction and meteorology are supplemented by practical experiments.
    Physical fitness is of prime importance and each Cadet-Midshipman is required to participate in the condition-
    ¿Topleft/ Cadet-Midshipmen (Deck) work out problems in navigation. ¿Top right/ Physical conditioning program includes calisthenics designed to develop stamina and endurance. ¿Bottom right/ Meteorology instruction.
    ing and fitness program. Intramural competition in all sports is emphasized at Kings Point.
    The advanced Naval Science# courses at the Academy provide additional training in Naval Administration, Elementary Tactics and Maneuvers, Ordnance and Gunnery and other important subjects.
    The training vessels based at the Academy include the steamer Gresham, the diesel ship William Webb, the schooner Irene Forsyte, the schooner Felix Riesenberg and the bark Emery Rice. These vessels are equipped with guns used in target practice.
    The advanced courses at the Academy are 9 months in length for the duration of the emergency. An outline of the advanced training curriculum is contained in the “Outline of Courses” designated as Part Three of the bookie^
    48
    MW
    ¿Top left/ Wiley Hall and Palmer Hall. ¿Top right/ Fulton Hall. ¿Bottom left/ Training vessel Emery Rice. ¿Bottom righty Barry and Jones Halls.
    ¿Above/ Looking northeast from Mallory Pier—Samuels Hall in background. ¿Top right/ 20-mm Antiaircraft training aboard a training vessel attached to the Academy.
    ¿Bottom left/ Cadet-Midshipmen board a training vessel at dawn for a training cruise; ¿Bottom right/ Naval science trainin^f includes instruction in smallarms firing.
    52
    ¿Top left/ Cadet-Midshipmen visit U. S. Military Academy at West Point. ¿Top right/ Looking west from Wiley Hall to Hague Basin and Long Island Sound. ¿Bottom left/ Academy track team. ¿Center right/ Social life is not forgotten—graduation dance. ¿Bottom right/ Cadet-Midshipmen watch sailing races at annual regatta.
    54
    * /Top Diploma. /Top right/ graduate of Academy bids ¿fc^ell to his first classman room-
    . mate. /Bottom/ Regimental Review.
    •$«	*"•****•"**•	' ««ifeK .
    PART TWO
    REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE
    APPOINTMENT AND TRAINING OF CADET-MIDSHIPMEN IN THE
    U. S. MERCHANT MARINE CADET CORPS
    Under authority of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, as amended, Executive Order 9083, dated February 28, 1942, Executive Order 9054, dated February 7, 1942, and Executive Order 9198, dated July 11, 1942, the following revised regulations governing the appointment and training of Cadet-Midshipmen in the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps are prescribed and issued for the duration of the emergency proclaimed by the President on May 27,1941.
    E. S. Land, Administrator, War Shipping Administration.
    Amendments up to November 1, 1943, are included herein.
    Definitions
    Article 100. Sec. 310.46. When used in these regulations, the term:
    (a)	“W. S. A.” means War Shipping Administration.
    (6)	“Assistant Deputy Administrator” means Assistant Deputy Administrator, Training Organization, W. S. A.
    (c)	“The Academy” means the United States Merchant Marine Academy.
    (d)	“Basic School” means United States Merchant Marine Cadet Basic School.
    (e)	“Supervisor” means Supervisor of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps.
    (/) “District Supervisor” means District Cadet-Midshipman Supervisor.
    (g)	“Midshipman” means Midshipman, Merchant Marine Reserve, United States Naval Reserve, an appointment awarded all Cadet-Midshipmen of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps by the Secretary of the Navy and held concurrently with their appointment as Cadet-Midshipmen.
    (h)	“Cadet-Midshipman” means Cadet-Midshipman, United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps.
    58
    Sunset at Kings Point
    General Requirements
    Article 101. Sec. 310.47. (a) A candidate must be a male citizen of the United States. If naturalized, a candidate must have been a citizen of the United States for at least 10 years previous to the date of application.
    (¿)	A candidate must be not less than 17 years and 6 months of age nor more than 23 years of age on the date the application is approved.
    (c)	If under 21 years of age, he will be required to furnish the written consent of parent or guardian as a part of his application.
    (d)	A waiver for overage may be granted by the Supervisor to those candidates who submit acceptable evidence of having completed studies in an accredited college or university, or who have been engaged in work directly connected with merchant shipping or of such nature that experience gained therein may be considered of direct benefit in the training of a Merchant Marine officer. An allowance of 1 year in age may be granted for each academic year completed successfully or for other work which the Supervisor may consider equivalent. A maximum of 4 years’ credit may be so allowed.
    (e)	A candidate may be admitted to a Basic School or the Academy for preliminary training at an age of not less than 17 years and 6 months but will not be assigned to a merchant vessel until he has reached his eighteenth birthday. In event a candidate does not execute oath as Cadet-Midshipman within 4 months of date of approval of application, his name may be removed from the eligible list at the discretion of the Supervisor. In no event shall a candidate’s name remain on the eligible list for a period exceeding 6 months.
    (/) A candidate must prove to the Supervisor that he possesses good moral character.
    (g)	A candidate must present a certified transcript of his scholastic record.
    (h)	A candidate must be unmarried. Any Cadet-Midshipman who marries before completion of training shall be requested to resign, and, failing to do so, shall be dismissed by the Supervisor.
    (i)	No person is eligible for appointment as a Cadet-Midshipman who has been dismissed or compelled to resign from a Federal Service Academy or a State Maritime Academy for improper conduct, or who has been dishonorably discharged for cause or has resigned with prejudice as a civil employee of the United States.
    (;) No person who has resigned as a Cadet-Midshipman will be reappointed unless his previous service record has been approved as satisfactory by the Supervisor.
    (k)	If it should be determined at any time during a Cadet-Midshipman’s course of training that he has purposely falsified his application or supporting papers, he shall be dismissed. 1
    (/) All applications must show and be signed with the full legal names of applicants. They must be accompanied by or include the following:
    (a) Evidence of citizenship as shown below.
    If native born:
    (1)	A duly verified copy of a public or church record of birth, or
    (2)	The affidavit, under oath, of the physician, midwife, or other persons present at the birth.
    (3)	In cases where neither (1) nor (2) can be obtained by the candidate, the affidavit of either parent.
    (4)	In cases where the candidate certifies that no one of the above is obtainable, the affidavits (under oath) of two reputable citizens acquainted with him. Each of these affidavits should state the facts within the knowledge of the deponent upon which he bases his statements as to the citizenship of the candidate, as for example, that he has known the candidate since birth, that he knew his parents, or as the case may be.
    If foreign born:
    (5)	Certificate of naturalization, under the seal of the court in which naturalized. ,
    (6)	Certificate of naturalization, under the seal of the court in which naturalized, of the parent during the minority of the candidate, together with the affidavit of a parent whose certificate of naturalization is submitted.
    (7)	In special cases where the candidate certifies that neither (5) nor (6) is obtainable, the affidavits of two reputable citizens acquainted with him (see par. 4, under native-born citizens). As every naturalization is a matter of record in some court, these affidavits will be accepted only in very exceptional cases, and on the understanding that the candidate shall later submit a proper certificate of naturalization.
    Physical Requirements
    Article 102. Sec. 310.48. (a) Appointments as Cadet-Midshipmen in the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps are contingent upon qualifying physically for appointment as Midshipman, M. M. R., U. S. N. R. The physical examination will be conducted by a Navy or Naval Reserve Medical officer.
    60
    (b)	A candidate must be of normal size, sound constitution, and free from physical de-^scts or diseases, especially those of vision, color perception (plate tests), speech, and hearing. He must not be less than 5 feet 6 inches and not more than 6 feet 4 inches in height. Candidates must have minimum vision of 18—20 in each eye correctable to 20—20.
    (c)	The application of a candidate must be signed by a physician who has examined the candidate and certified that, in his opinion, the candidate meets the physical standards set by the Navy for appointment as a Midshipman of the Merchant Marine Reserve.
    (
    Thirty-six weeks’ advanced training at the United States Merchant Marine Academy, Kings Point, New York.
    The total of these three periods must be such that no Cadet-Midshipman shall become eligible to sit for his Third Mate or Third Assistant Engineer license before reaching the age of 19 years.
    Details follow:
    Note: All periods to be fifty minutes in length with five minutes between each period for changing classrooms, etc.
    Basic Training
    (A)	Indoctrination and Orientation— Two Weeks
    The first two weeks of preliminary training are designated the “Indoctrination and Orientation Period.” The schedule for this period will be laid out by the Educational Officer of the Academy or Cadet Basic School similar to the sample schedule which has been worked out for the Academy and which is attached to this circular letter to assist the Educational Officers at San Francisco and New Orleans in making out indoctrination schedules for t^r
    70
    respective schools. In general the activities that must be carried out during this period are ^V.e following:
    (1)	Book, uniform, and educational material issue.
    (2)	Completion of all seaman’s papers (with the cooperation of the District Supervisor’s office).
    (3)	Aptitude examinations, physical and mental.
    (4)	Inoculations.
    (5)	Commencement of physical-conditioning program, using combat training activities.
    (6)	Visual signaling (for Deck Cadet-Midshipmen) .
    (7)	Remedial Mathematics.
    (8)	Infantry Drill and Manual of Arms.
    (9)	Visits to ships and/or shipyards.
    (10)	Overnight voyages in training vessels and/or lifeboats.
    (11)	Night Vision Training.
    Each section is to be nominally under the supervision of the section advisor and this officer is held responsible for counsel and advice as found necessary. The regular evening study period will be held throughout the indoctrination period, and will include the study of the Regulations and Instructions of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps.
    <
    (B)	Ten-Week Courses, Subsequent to the Indoctrination and Orientation Period
    (1)	Naval Science for Cadet-Midshipmen (D) and (E)
    Classroom:	Periods
    Naval Administration________________ 12
    Ordnance and Gunnery________________ 24
    Naval Communications________________ 12
    Total Classroom Periods______________	48
    Drills:
    Infantry Drill 2_________________________
    Gun Drill________________________________
    General Drills___________________________
    Small Arms Firing________________________
    Balloon Barrage and other drills_________
    Total Drill Periods______________________ 32
    . . -------------------
    Total Naval Science Periods______________ 80
    (2)	Merchant Subjects and Drills for Cadet-Midshipmen (D)
    ^Brought Forward (Naval Science)  80 ^^vigation and Mathematics_______________ 40
    Seamanship:	Periods
    Theoretical ________________________20
    Ship Construction___________________ 10
    Cargo------------------------------- 20
    Total Seamanship Periods________________ 50
    Practical Seamanship:
    Boat Drills_________________________40
    Floating Equipment, Marlinspike, etc.1---------------------------60
    General Drill2______________________ 10
    Total Practical Seamanship____________110
    Supplementary Subjects, General Knowledge and Drills:
    Safety seamanship, General Knowl-
    edge and First Aid__________________30
    Safety Seamanship—Physical Conditioning________________________20
    Inspection 2________________________10
    Total Supplementary Subjects__________ 60
    Visual Signaling______________________ 40
    Competitive Athletics_________________ 40
    Total__________________________________420
    (3)	Merchant Subjects and Drills for Cadet-Midshipmen (E)
    Engineering Classroom Subjects:
    Steam Engineering______________________ 30
    Diesel Engineering_____________________ 20
    General Science:
    Mathematics_________________________ 10
    Electricity_________________________ 20
    Ship Construction___________________10
    ---- 40
    Total Engineering Classroom Periods __________________________ 90
    1 It is anticipated that one full day per week, in addition to other periods during the week, will be utilized by this subject, allowing for such drills as all-day cruises (exclusive of target practice), time in the sail loft, visits to merchant ships and shipyards, and overnight lifeboat trips. No infantry drill is to be held during these periods. The details of such arrangements are to be worked out by the Superintendent or the Commanding Officer in accordance with the following specifications:
    Maximum number to be held during Activity:	the 10-week period
    Visits to shipyards_____________________ 1
    Visits to merchant ships________________ 2
    All-day cruises_________________________ 2
    Overnight lifeboat trips________________ 1
    2 To be scheduled on Saturday mornings as a Regimental or Battalion function.
    71
    Engineering Drills:	Periods
    Machine Shop______________________40
    Boat Drill_________________________40
    Floating Equipment, Marlinspike, etc_____________________________50
    General Drill 2___________________10
    Total Engineering Drill Period________140
    Supplementary Subjects:
    Safety Seamanship, General
    Knowledge, and First	Aid_______ 30
    Safety Seamanship, Physical Conditioning____________________    20
    Inspection 2_______________________ 10
    Total Supplementary Subject Periods ___________________________ 60
    Competitive Athletics____________40
    Naval Science (from Part (1) of this paragraph) Class and Drills (including Balloon Barrage )________________------ 80
    Total________________________________410
    (G) Study Periods for Cadet-Midshipmen (D) AND (E)
    Day Study (to be held during 10-week academic course only)__________________ 20
    Evening Study (to be held over entire 12-week course)1_______-______________ 216
    Total________________________________ 236.
    Summary
    (a)	Naval Science (Classroom and
    Drills)_______________________________ 80
    (b)	Merchant (Classroom and Drills) __ 300 (c) Study, Motion Pictures, and Lec-
    tures ________________________________236
    (d) Competitive Athletics___________ 40
    Total 3______________________________656
    Regimental or Battalion functions will be the order of the day for the last three periods of
    1 Not more than one evening every two weeks (exclusive of Saturday) shall be devoted to recreation.
    2 To be scheduled on Saturday mornings as a Regimental or Battalion Function.
    3 The above total comprises the following number of periods:
    Periods
    Period of
    Per Evening
    Day	Day	Study
    Sunday_____________________   0	3
    Monday, Tuesday, Wednes-
    day, Thursday,	and Friday_L. 8	3
    Saturday_____________________ 4	0
    each Saturday morning for Cadet-Midshipmen (D) and (E) during their preliminary training course. The periods delegated to such functions are:
    General Drill
    Infantry Drill (From Naval Science Course) Inspection
    Any or all of these periods may be used for drill purposes at the discretion of the Superintendent or Commanding Officer.
    Note that the schedule allows three periods during the academic week for study.
    The Superintendent of the Academy and Commanding Officers of Cadet Basic Schools will designate a total of four periods a week for competitive athletics. These, periods may be concentrated in one morning or one afternoon or spread over the week and are to be under the supervision of the Department of Physical Training. The Superintendent of the Academy and Commanding Officers of Cadet Basic Schools are authorized to substitute regimental or battalion drill during part or all of these periods. Participation in competitive athletics and drills will be compulsory.
    Aboard Ship
    Cadet-Midshipmen (D)
    Estimated Subject	Hours
    Mathematics_______________________.___156
    Elementary Marine Engineering_________ 78
    Basic Naval Science__._T,_________;___ 5^
    Sea Projects in:______________________46o
    Cargo
    Seamanship
    Navigation
    Ship Construction
    Total5__________._____________________754
    Cadet-Midshipmen (E)
    Mathematics___________________________ 104
    Steam Engineering4________________;___156
    Diesel Engineering 4__________________ 156
    Basic Naval Science_________________    52
    Sea Projects in:____________________   286
    Steam Engineering 4
    Diesel Engineering 4
    Machine Shop
    Electricity
    Total 5_______________________________754
    4 Cadet-Midshipmen (E) orf steam vessels to complete Diesel Engineering quizzes in addi* tion to the Sea Project. Cadet-Midshipmen (E) on Diesel vessels to complete Steam Engineering quizzes in addition to Sea Project.
    5 It will be noted that the above schedule comprises 29 hours per week of study for 26 weeks. This is admittedly a stiff assignment hut is considered neecssary because of the vS.t
    72
    The Basic Naval Science course aboard ships will be a reading course with no assignments ar quizzes. Cadet-Midshipmen will read such Texts as may be designated. Presently designated are the following:
    “A Short History of the U. S. Navy” by Clark, Stevens, Alden, and Kraft.
    “Naval Customs, Traditions, and Usage” by Lovette.
    Upon assignment to the United States Merchant Marine Academy for advanced training, Cadet-Midshipmen will be quizzed on the above texts to ascertain whether the texts have been read intelligently and whether the outstanding points have been retained.
    Advanced Training
    The following course of study will be followed by all Cadet-Midshipmen at the United States Merchant Marine Academy for advanced training subsequent to July 1, 1943.
    The advanced course will cover a period of thirty-six weeks. Advanced Naval Science will continue for the first thirty weeks until the prescribed 120 hours are completed. At the completion of the 120 hours, the periods formerly assigned to the Naval Science Course will be detailed as study periods for license preparation. Cadet-Midshipmen (D) will spend the first two weeks of the 36-week course at the T. N. D. School in New York. Cadet-Midship-ften (E) will spend the first two weeks of the *?6-week course in the Engineering laboratory assisting in instruction and increasing their familiarity with machine shop work and power plant operation and in review of their academic training to date.
    Details follow:
    (1)	Advanced Naval Science for Cadet-Midshipmen (D) and (E)
    (To be given during the first 30 weeks) Classroom:	Periods
    Naval Administration---------	24
    Military Law_________________
    Ordnance and Gunnery---------	18
    Naval Leadership-----------—	12
    Naval Communications---------	18
    Elementary Tactics and Maneuvers— _________________ 12
    Total Classroom Periods------------	96
    (amount to be learned in a very short time. It is Mjrmly believed that it will not be necessary to urge or force Cadet-Midshipmen to this study. The urgency of our war effort will impress worthy Cadet-Midshipmen with the necessity for more and harder work on their part. ihe unworthy ones will not be certified as ^aduates.
    Drills:	Periods
    Infantry Drill_______________
    Gun Drill____________________
    General Drills_______________
    Spotting Drill_______________
    Small Arms Firing_____________
    Total Drill Periods___________._____ 24
    Total_______________________________ 120
    (2)	Merchant Subjects and Drills for Cadet-Midshipmen (D)
    Brought Forward (Total Naval Science) _______________________________ 120
    Classroom:
    Navigation_______________________ 136
    Meteorology 1____________________ 34
    Seamanship and Cargo_________	136
    Ship’s Operation and Economics _________________________ 68
    First Aid 2______________________ 34
    Mechanical Drawing 1____________ 34
    Review for License 2____________ 34
    Ship Construction________________ 102
    Total Glassroom Periods_____________	578
    Drills:
    Boat Drill_____________:_____ 68
    Visual Signaling_____________ 34
    Radio Code and General
    Electricity__________________ 102
    Practical Seamanship, Drills,
    Practical Work, etc__________ 170
    Total Drill Periods_________________ 374
    Regimental Functions: General Drill__________________ 34
    Regimental Drill_______________  68
    Inspection____________________   34
    Total Regimental Functions__________	136
    Competitive Athletics________________ 136
    Total_______________________________ 1, 344
    (3)	Merchant Subjects and Drills for Cadet-Midshipmen (E)
    Classroom:
    Steam Engineering and Re-
    frigeration ___________________ 170
    Diesel Engineering_____________ 136
    Electrical Engineering_______	102
    Ship Construction_______________ 68
    Mechanical Drawing___________	68
    First Aid (1)___________________ 34
    Review for License (2)___________34
    Shop Theory_____________________ 34
    Total Classroom Periods___________________:	646
    Drills:
    Boat Drill___________________ 34
    Machine Shop___________._____ 136
    Engine Laboratory____________ 136
    Total Drill Periods_________________ 306
    1 During first 17 weeks.
    2 During second 17 weeks.
    73
    ■HE Mission of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps and its Academy is to attract to the United States Merchant Marine a high type of young American with a definite ambition to become an officer in this Service; to impart to him the necessary academic background» and the fundamentals of a practical nautical education essential to a successful career at sea; to develop in him a high sense of honor, uprightness, and loyalty;, to instil in him a pride, in his profession, and a determination to uphold the traditions of the Merchant Marine; and, by effective teaching, training, and guidance, to send him forth to his calling with a deep respect and
    ... affection for the United States Merchant Marine. " Cadet Corps and its Academy.	’ 41
    ¡Hr «*■	•;	... ■- -	. ■ ■	■
    ^ Address all inquiries to:
    Supervisor United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corp«
    Training Organization
    War Shipping Administration
    Washington 25, D. C.