[Victory : Official Weekly Bulletin of the Office of War Information. V. 3, No. 40]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

VICTORY

OFFICIAL WEEKLY BULLETIN OF THE OFFICE OF WAR* INFORMATION
WASHINGTON, D. C.
OCTOBER 6, 1942
VOLUME 3, NUMBER 40
Food, wages stablized by order of President
Appointment of an economic stabilization director and swift action to curb rents, wages, and food costs followed the passage last week of a new price law.
1.	The President created within his Executive Office an Office of Economic Stabilization, with Supreme Court Justice James F. Byrnes as director.
2.	Wages, with a few exceptions, are to be stopped at September 15 figures. The Executive order gave National War Labor Board power and duty to do this. Farm prices to be stabilized, “far as practicable,” as of the same date.
8. Price Administrator Henderson, complying with a Presidential letter, placed ceilings over virtually all food prices not already covered.
4. Mr. Henderson said late Saturday he would put a universal ceiling over rents, also al the President’s request, in a few days.
The 60-day emergency ceilings froze prices of affected foods for retailers, wholesalers, and processors, at the individual seller’s highest prices September 28 through October 2.
Among foods newly controlled as to price were butter, cheese, evaporated and condensed milk, eggs, poultry, flour, dry onions, potatoes, fresh and canned citrus fruits and juices, dry edible beans, cornmeal, and mutton.
OPA control thereby extends to about 90 percent of the family food budget, as against a former 60’ percent.
Details . of President’s order, page 21.
Aircraft__________________________ up 6 percent over July.
Ordnance_________________________— up 3 percent over July.
Naval ship construction___________ up 7 percent over July.
Merchant ship construction________ up 6 percent over July.
Other munitions___________________up 14 percent over July.
BUT WE’RE BEHIND FORECASTS—SEE PAGE 15
486739°—42
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October 6, 1942
VICTORY
OFFICIAL BULLETIN of the Office of War Information. Published weekly by the Office of War Information. Printed at the United States Government Printing Office.
Subscription rates by mail: 750 for 52 issues; 250 for 13 issues; single copies 50, payable in advance. Remit money order payable directly to the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.
In this issue
Page President orders stabilization of food prices, rents, wages_________________________- 1,21
On the Home Front______________________ 3
RATIONING
OPA cuts civilian meat supplies to meet war needs_________________________-	5
PRICE ADMINISTRATION
Henderson cuts abnormal ceilings to check live cattle prices_____________.____ 5
WAR PRODUCTION
WPB revamps system to speed priority applications-___-____________________ 12
Materials budget balanced under PRP___13
August munitions production up 8 percent, x but short of forecasts__—_._____14, IS
Action to help small business__________ 18
TRANSPORTATION
Eastman freezes train schedules___2____ 19
LABOR
The difference between “inequalities” and mere differentials_____________.___ 25
CENSORSHIP
Price says papers do a good job except in explaining censorship______________ 28
WAR INFORMATION
Davis tells librarians they, too, are combatants-________________________,_- 29
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Families with small children to get extra fuel oil
Families with children under 4 years of age will receive a full allowance of from 50 to 125 gallons, depending on the heating zone, in addition to their basic ration under the new fuel oil ration plan, the OPA announced October 3.
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REPRINTS OF AUGUST INDEX
Two-column mats of the latest production ehart, shown on page 1, are available to newspapers and magazines. Glossy proofs also may be had. Address Distribution Section of OWL State preference of proofs or mats and refer to V-202.
VICTORY STRETCH I
Nation-wide rationing of gasoline
Merging of the gasoline and tire rationing programs into a single system to control mileage of the Nation’s passenger autos according to essentiality of use was announced by Price Administrator Henderson to become’ effective throughout the country probably about November 22.
The rationing of gasoline will follow the plan now in operation for the T1/^ million autos in the East, with each of the Nation’s 27 million cars getting a basic A-book allowance of enough gas for 2,880 miles of family necessary and occupational use for a year. Additional
gasoline will be allowed only on proof of need and in quantities strictly limited to the degree of essentiality to the Nation’s war effort.
This gasoline rationing system will then be meshed into the tire rationing program to bring the' over-all mileage of America’s autos within the limits of the available rubber supply, with use of tires being limited to essential transportation needs of the country. Observance of a 35-mile-per-hour maximum speed limit will be a basic requirement in both gasoline and tire ration allowances.
October 6, 1942
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OHheJomeFront^^
Japanazi ambition to share the conquest of the world has had rude shocks lately—in the spendid stand of the Russians, the stalling of Nazi General Rommel in the African desert, the blows dealt far-extended Japanese flanks by U. S. forces in the Solomons, Australians in New Guinea, Americans and Canadians in the Aleutians. But while tens of thousands of Allied fighters are locked in bloody hand-to-hand, tank-to-tank, plane-to-plane battle with savage and determined enemies of human freedom, we can waste no time on these Home Front strategists who claim a sure recipe for winning the war—somewhere else.
We at home are not yet on top of our job, as the latest war production report clearly demonstrates, and the over-all strategy of adjusting this country to a “use-for-war” economy is of greater importance than speculations about a second front.
The basic problem—shortages
Basic among war problems is that of shortages, caused in part by siphoning vast stores of materials to war uses and in part by loss of our sources of many raw materials through enemy action. Shortages, like prolonged drought, have contingent effects—as sources of supply shrink or fail, other levels are affected and the reservoirs of available stocks must be tapped.
When Nazi subs halted the sea-borne flow of fuel oil to the East, a chain of events was started of which the end is not yet. Oil pipe lines were extended, new ones rushed toward completion— at a rate, in one instance, of 6 miles a day, an all-time record. Thousands of tank cars were shifted to eastern service. These expedients were not enough. With about two-thirds the normal supply for civilians this winter, we have fuel oil rationing in 30 States and are warned that we must turn to coal wherever possible. But the fuel oil shortage soon affected the coal fields, where a call went up for greater production. Unless our coal output is increased, we’ll be short of this fuel, too, next year—by 42 million tons. And by shifting thousands of railway tank cars to fuel oil service we slowed movement by tank car of vegetable oils, fats, and chemicals needed for war and necessary civilian use. Here we have had to reverse ourselves, give these oils
and chemicals preference over fuel oil in tank car loading.
The civilian task force
At every point In the grand strategy of meeting shortages we, as individuals, join a civilian “task force” with a definite mission to perform. Nation-wide gasoline rationing, which begins about November 22, will save rubber In millions of tires, and so will the maximum speed limit of 35 miles an hour, now in effect. Personal tire care and loyal observance
of the legal speed limit are vitally important, particularly since sale of used tires and tubes has been halted until used tires can be rationed for necessary uses.
From bobpins to jar-tops
Meats are on the shortage list, too, although only if we figure on unrestricted civilian demand. With around 24 billion pounds of meat in prospect, we must see that our fighting men and Lend-Lease allies have-the meat they need—six billion pounds—and we must share the 17^ billion pound balance by voluntarily limiting our weekly meat diet to 2% pounds per person until about February, when a meat rationing program will be ready. That’s more than we normally consume, but war work and war money have increased our demand for meat.
The “share-the-meat” program is only one of a number of things which require household planning. Women in 1943 will have to make out with one-fourth of the bobpins or hairpins they used this year and because the armed forces and Lend-Lease need other things made of that metal, housewives and other civilians will get only about two-thirds of the 1942 pack of canned fruits and vegetables, 90 percent of fats and oils that go into
shortening, mayonnaise, and salad dressing, 80 percent of the normal amount of paints, varnishes, lacquers, and 70 percent of linoleum, oilcloth and other coated fabrics. There’ll be less white pepper and some other spices. Production of mason jars with zinc tops has been banned.
Customers of retail stores will find many of the merchandising “inducements” and “frills” missing from store services, pick-up and delivery services will be cut to the bone, and free samples —they are one form of waste—will be few.
Yankee inventiveness at work
While some of our economic strategists are engaged in shifting goods and materials from one home front to another, to make them go around, others seek to ease the war pressure threatening parts of our economic structure. In the last half of September about $6,000,000 worth of war contracts went to small business. Small concerns which can produce war goods may secure loans from the $150,-000,000 fund of the Smaller War Plants Corporation. Yankee inventiveness also has an important role in economic strategy. A rubberlike substance has been developed by byproducts of dairy processing. The Bureau of Mines suggests use of a liquid fuel, a mixture of oil and coal, for industrial oil furnaces that can burn such a mixture. Manufacturers of concrete, clay, and gypsum products are being rallied to produce substitutes for wooden products—we are desperately short of wood and need most of it for war purposes.
The national scrap drive has assumed the proportions of a major “offensive.” The CIO, AFL, and the Railroad Brotherhoods are working together on this campaign, as are 80 percent of the country’s daily newspapers, and 1,300,000 railroad men have joined the Nation’s “salvage scouts” in locating scrap. Local labor committees, too, are furnishing manpower and trucks for scrap collection.
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REPRINTING PERMISSIBLE
Requests have been received for permission to reprint “On the Home Front” in whole or in part. This column, like all other material in VICTORY, may be reprinted without special permission. If excerpts are used, the editors ask only that they be taken in such a way that their original meaning is preserved.
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October 6, 1942
RATIONING ...
U. S., Britain divide up purchasing of fats, oils, oil seeds for United Nations
The Combined Food Board announced September 28 that an agreement has been reached which provides for exclusive buying by the United States In certain prescribed regions of the world and by the United Kingdom in other areas, on behalf of all the governments adhering to the agreement, of fats, oils, and oilseeds available to the United Nations throughout the world.
Coordinated purchase plan
The plan was worked out after the Combined Food Board, in collaboration with the more vitally interested governments, had made a comprehensive, although preliminary, survey of the supplies of fats and oils available to the United Nations in relation to essential wartime needs. Because of the urgency - of the situation disclosed by the survey,, the Board recommended a plan for the coordinated and efficient purchase and allocation of fats, oils and oilseeds. This recommendation has been accepted by the food authorities of the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, and is now in effect.
_ The agreement provides:—
1.	That the United States will be the exclusive purchaser, on behalf of the governments adhering to the agreement, of the following :
(a)	All oilseeds and oils and fats in the North and South American continents, including the Caribbean Islands, with the exception of animal fats in Argentina and Uruguay.
(b)	Copra in Tahiti and all Free French Pacific Islands.
(c)	All oilseeds and oils and fats in Portuguese Africa, Spanish Africa and Liberia.
2.	That the United Kingdom will be the exclusive purchaser, on behalf of all the adhering governments, of the following:
(a)	All animal fats in Argentina and Uruguay.
(b)	All oilseeds and oils and fats in British Empire countries, with the exception of territory specified in 1 (a).
(c)	All oilseeds and oils and fats in Free French Africa.
(d)	All oilseeds and oils and fats in the Belgian Congo.
The supplies purchased by these two governments will be allocated among the United Nations according to recommendations made from time to time by the Combined Food Board and accepted by the governments in question.
Total United States production of oils and fats for the year beginning July 1, 1942, is estimated at 11.6 billion pounds,
compared with 9.6 billion for the previous year, and United States imports for the same period are estimated at 1 billion or more pounds less than last year. Despite this indicated net increase in supplies, without some restriction upon the total consumption of fats and oils in the United States this amount still is not adequate for maintaining existing stocks and prospective domestic, civilian, military, and Lend-Lease requirements, and also to provide insurance against future contingencies.
Such a restriction now has been imposed under WPB General Preference Order M-71 as amended September 22, 1942, which limits the use of various fats and oils to definite percentages and allocates the supplies accordingly to manufacturers and. processors. With this order in effect it will be possible to build up adequate reserves for meeting such possible contingencies as further loss of imports, crop failures or further increases in Lend-Lease needs.
WPB order frees for civilians 20 percent of salmon packed since March 1
Twenty percent of the total salmon pack between March 1 and October 31 is released for civilian consumption by Supplementary Order M-86-d, issued September 30 by the director general for operations.
The entire 1942 pack of salmon was frozen in canners’ hands until further notice by Supplementary Order M-86-c, issued on September 9. This was done to assure fulfillment of Government requirements, which are at least 60 per-
ESTIMATED 1842 SALMON PACK AND DISTRIBUTION UNDER SUPPLEMENTARY ORDER M-86 d
[Unit: 1,000 cases]
Species		Total pack	Reserved for Government (60 percent of total)	Released for civilians (20 percent of total)	To be held until further notice (20 percent of total)
Pink					2,800	1,680	560	560
Red						1,200	'720	240	240
Chinook					' 250	150	50	50
Chum	.				1,000	600	200	200
Silver 		 _		' 500	300	100	100
Steelhead.			—	—					30	18	6	6
Total..		5,780	3,468	1,156	1,156
					
Sugar requirements to be adjusted to shipping needs; substitutes will count
The Foods Requirements Committee, through its chairman, Claude R. Wick-ard, announced September 26 that although it recognizes the important place of sugar in the national diet and its importance to the American way of living, our requirements for sugar from-the offshore areas would be so established as to free the maximum amount of shipping for essential war purposes. This is possible, Mr. Wlckard said, as long as there are available in the United States sufficient supplies of energy-producing foods which, though not taking the place of sugar in American tastes, will meet war- . time dietary needs.
To decide needs soon
The relative importance of our needs for the various food products which must be brought to the United States by water will be worked out by the committee in the near future, the chairman stated.
cent of each canner’s pack of steelhead, Chinook, silver, red, pink, and chum species.
This order permits, any canner to deliver for civilian consumption 20 percent of his total pack of any species of salmon canned between March 1, 1942, and October 31, 1942. However, in order to make such delivery, he must first have delivered 60 percent of the pack of the species to the Government.
October 6, 1942
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OPA trims high ceilings for beef products in move to check rising cost of cattle
The Office of Price Administration September 30 took action to check the rapidly rising cost of live cattle by limiting top prices which beef slaughterers and wholesalers with unduly high individual ceilings may charge for the dressed product.
Top price any of these high-ceilinged operators may charge for choice or Grade AA steers and heifers will be 23 cents per pound, regardless of the fact that his previous individual ceiling under the original beef regulation may have exceeded these limits. Maximums also are set in similar fashion for the lower grades of beef In the new Amendment No. 6, effprtivp Or.t.nhpr 1 1949
Supplies of protein foods called sufficient to meet Nation’s needs during next year
Supplies of high protein foods, recommended to supplement the meat allowable under the Government share-the-meat program, will be sufficient during the next 12 months' to maintain the high health standard of the Nation, the U. S. Department of Agriculture and the Department of the Interior announced October 5.
The Agricultural Marketing Administration points out that with one notable exception, supplies of most of the high protein foods available for civilian use during the next 12 months either will equal or exceed the available supplies of the past 12 months. The exception is some manufactured dairy products, in which about a IQ-percent decrease in consumer supplies is foreseen if we fill our military and Lend-Lease commitments.
Egg supply up te par
Available supplies of eggs, It Is estimated, will run about on a par with supplies for the past 12 months.
To extend the supply of protein foods for a hard-working America, Secretary of Agriculture Wickard has asked for an increased production of 200 million extra chickens this fall and winter.
Supplies of dry edible beans and dry peas, the two most important legume sources of protein, will be greater than last year’s supplies and fully adequate for all civilian needs, despite the large quantities needed for our armed forces and allies. Production of dry beans, plus the
OPA limits civilian supplies of meat
to meet needs of armed forces, Lend-Lease
In order to conserve sufficient meat for the armed forces and Lend-Lease, the OPA issued an order specifying quotas of beef, pork, veal, mutton and lamb that may be distributed for civilian use.
Deliveries to civilians during the period from October 1 to December 31 by those who slaughter more than 500,000 pounds In a quarter were limited to the follow-ing percentages of such deliveries in the same period of 1941: beef, 80%; pork, 75%; lamb and mutton, 95%; and veal, 100%. Other slaughterers were limited to the amounts of their 1941 deliveries.
Because these grades are particularly required by the armed forces, the order
carry-over, will supply about 2,400,000,000 pounds this year against 1,788,000,000 pounds in 1941. After military and Lend-Lease requirements are met, there will be approximately. 1,700,000,000 pounds for civilian use, or substantially more than was available last year.
Stocks of grain, from which the Nation normally obtains a very large proportion of its proteins, are so abundant, the Department of Agriculture says, that we already have on hand about 2 years’ food supply. There are available right now, for example, 300 million more bushels of wheat than last year; our total stocks being over a billion and a half bushels.
Of the total yield of the fisheries for 1942, about 2 billion pounds will be available as food,-according to Interior Department’s Fish and Wildlife Service. This amount is equal to the 5-year average for 1935-39. There will be perhaps 10 to 15 percent less of this protein food available for civilian use—especially certain species commonly canned—because of increased military use and exports to the United Nations,
This deficiency will be largely Compensated for next year, however, when meal planners should look for unfamiliar species which will be marketed fresh, frozen, and canned These lesser-known species will probably include such freshwater fish as carp, burbot, smelt, buffalo fish, and sheepshead; and such marine species as king, whiting, skates, mussels, silver, herring, alewives, monfish, sea herring, and mullet.
provides that Federally inspected slaughterers may:not include in deliveries under their quotas more than 20 percent of their total deliveries of cutter and canner grades of beef.
Slaughterers who are not Federally inspected may deliver canner and cutter grades of beef to amounts not exceeding 25% of their beef quotas.
Some meat products not included
Canned meat, sausage, scrapple, souse, and similar products are not. subject to quota restrictions but are affected because the meat used in their manufacture is subject to such restrictions. Lard is not restricted. Such products as liver, hearts and kidneys are also not restricted.
The provisions of the order were adopted following full discussion with the industry.
The order does not specify how the quotas shall be distributed as among different parts of the country, or between customers, but it is expected that the packing industry itself will bring about as equitable a distribution as possible.
In announcing the order Price Administrator Henderson asked consumers to comply with the government’s share the meat program for holding civilian consumption of meat to not more than two and one-half pounds per person per week.
The meat requirements for the armed forces and Lend-Lease were determined by the Foods Requirements Committee of the War Production Board and this order is designed to insure that they are met.
The level of civilian supply set in this order is based on determinations by the Committee as of October 1. Changes in the delivery percentages from those tentatively announced by the committee on September 24 were caused by closer adjustment to the current and prospective demand situation.
The October 1 order was Restriction Order No. 1 issued by the OPA. It was issued under a delegation of authority for the rationing control of meat in Supplementary Directive 1-M, of September 12, 1942, from the WPB. It became effective immediately.
Penalties for violation of the order include a year’s imprisonment or $10,000 fine, or both, and suspension of the right to deal in meat and any rationed product.
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October 6, 1942
Fuel oil ration coupons to be issued for five heating periods under OPA plan
The new fuel-oil rationing plan will divide the heating season into five periods to enable home heating oil consumers to budget their rations accurately throughout the winter, the OPA announced September 28.
Advance use to meet unusual cold
-Coupons, numbered 1 to 5, will be issued for specific periods, and will b» valid only in those periods. However, a provision for advanced and delayed use of coupons will permit consumers to adjust their ration to unusually cold spells within any period.
The periods will be of approximately equal “degree days” (see Victory, September 29) and will vary slightly among the four thermal zones recently announced by OPA. While the dates separating the periods are only tentatively set, the heating season will be considered as beginning on October 1.
This means, OPA official explained, that any fuel oil on hand on October 1, or purchased after that date will be part of a householder’s ration, regardless of the date on which coupons are actually available for transfer. October 15 is the date tentatively set for boards to start processing user applications. ’
Must report October 1 inventory
When fuel-oil users apply for their basic ration they will be asked to state the number of gallons of fuel they had in their tanks on October 1. Coupons equivalent to that gallonage will be torn from the ration sheet by the local War Price and Rationing Board before the ration is issued. The minimum inventory deduction will be 250 gallons in all cases where the users’ capacity is in excess of that amount, unless the user shows he was unable to fill his tank up to 275 gallons.
Temperature variation considered
For any fuel-oil purchases made after October 1, the customer must agree to turn over to his dealer coupons for the amount of the purchase as soon as the ration is issued. .
The basic ration takes account of the average temperature in each community and is distributed according to the normal variation of “degree days” over the heating season.
Delayed use also
The plan takes into consideration, however, that this delayed adjustment
might result in depletion of consumers’ supplies during an unusually cold period. To meet this situation, an advanced use of coupons numbered for the subsequent period will be permitted during the last part of a given period.
Provisions are made also for delayed use of the coupons for a certain number of days.
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RFC TO PAY EXCESS COST OF
MOVING COAL TO EAST
Jesse Jones, Secretary of Commerce, announced September 29 that the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, at the request of OPA, will make funds available to cover excess costs of transportation of water-borne anthracite coal to certain New England areas.
The purpose pf the arrangement is to permit the uninterrupted delivery and sale of anthracite coal in the territory named at ceiling prices fixed by the
OPA.'
Oil dealers urged to help customers by supplying data on last year’s purchases
All fuel oil dealers in the 30 rationed States were called upon by OPA September 29 to help their customers register for fuel-oil rations by furnishing them certified information about' their last year’s purchases.
In a letter directed to all members of the fuel-oil industry, the OPA also stated that both dealers and suppliers are expected to check their inventories as of the close of business on September 30.. They will be asked to report this inventory when they register later with local War Price and Rationing Boards.
To keep record
In compiling figures on last year’s sales for consumers, the fuel oil dealers were instructed to include all purchases made by each customer during the 12-month period ending May 31, 1942. The certification, it was explained, should be made out on the dealer’s own stationery or printed form in this manner:
Midwest won’t have enough fuel oil unless conversion to coal is speeded, Davies says
Unless fuel oil users in the Midwestern States (District 2) convert quickly to coal or some fuel other than oil, wherever possible, “the supplies in that area will not be adequate,” Deputy Petroleum Coordinator for War Davies said September 26 in a letter to Frank Phillips, general district committee chairman for District 2.
Explaining “the* critical shortage of fuel oil in the East Coast area,” Mr. Davies wrote of the need “of sharing supplies and transportation .facilities between District 1 and 2.” .
He explained that the Midwest is the closest source of supply for the East Coast and that shipments from the Midwest area use a minimum amount of transportation facilities.
The Office of Petroleum Coordinator estimates that District 2 can save 20,-000,000 barrels of industrial fuel oils yearly by conversion, in addition to 2,-500,000 barrels of light fuel oils and an additional amount through conservation measures.
This Is to certify to OPA that I sold _— gallons, #____grade fuel oil to------------
(name of customer) at______________ during the 12-month period
(address city)
ended May 31, 1942, and my records so indicate.
(Signed)_____________
*	. (Dealer)
This statement is to be forwarded to the customer by the dealer. The customer should attach it to his application.
Consumers will use this figure when applying for their fuel oil ration. It will play an important part in the determination of the amount of fuel each oil burning householder is to be rationed for this winter’s use. The letter emphasizes that dealers must base the amounts they certify to their customers on office records and that any falsification of figures on the part of a dealer will subject him to penalties under the law.
The letter also outlines for the dealers procedure they are to follow in extending their customers coupon credit beginning October 1.
October 6, 1942
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Labor-management committees organized at 91 soft coal mines
Labor-management committees have been organized at 91 soft coal mines for the purpose of increasing production, WPB Chairman Nelson announced September 29.
Eighty-two of the mines are located in central Pennsylvania and produce 60 percent of the bituminous coal mined in that area.
Increased production from central Pennsylvania is considered vital to the war program. That area is located close to the country’s major centers of war industry, and therefore has the advantage of a short haul and rapid turnover of railroad equipment.
The other nine soft coal mines at which production committees have been organized are located as follows: Five in southwestern Pennsylvania, three in Alabama, and one in Illinois.
Anthracite industry completely organized
The anthracite or hard coal industry already has been completely organized, and the organization of committees in copper and certain other nonferrous mines and throughout _the lumber industry is under way.
Organization of committees in the soft coal mines of central Pennsylvania is proceeding with the cooperation of the United Mine Workers of America, the Central Pennsylvania Coal Producers’ Association, and the Coordinator of Solid Fuels.
A central committee, with headquarters at Altoona, Pa., will help to coordinate the activities of the local mine com-mittees.
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OP A acts to speed industrial bituminous coal production
Action to speed production of industrial size bituminous coal urgently needed by the Army and War production plants, and to smash threatened bottlenecks in many soft coal mines was taken September 26 by the OPA.
Mine operators, under certain conditions, were authorized to crush lump, double screened, and “run of the mine’-* coal and sell this crushed coal at the maximum price for “run of the mine.”
The new action was taken in Amendment No. 22 to Maximum Price Regulation 120 (Bituminous Coal Delivered From Mine or Preparation Plant), effective September 26.
WPB inaugurates coupon credit system to control fuel oil in 30 rationed States
Sales of fuel oil to all consumers within the 3O-State rationed area can be made only in accordance with a coupon credit system ordered September’ 30 by the WPB. The system is set up in Amendment 4 to Limitation Order 56.
Designed to control deliveries from now until OPA coupons can be distributed later in October, the credit system provides that every consumer, dealer and supplier who receives deliveries of fuel oil for any purpose must execute a written promise to surrender to the seller ration coupons* for the number of gallons of fuel delivered as soon as the coupons are available.
Coupons must be redeemed
Consumers must redeem these written promises, or coupon notes within 15 days after the OPA Fuel Ration Order is issued, about the middle of October. OPA assumes that by that time all consumers will have received their rations from a local War Price and Rationing Board and can, therefore, redeem their notes.
All dealers and suppliers of fuel oil, who are required to execute their own coupon notes, must also redeem their notes within 15 days after the date of the OPA order, and .will do so with the coupons they get from their customers.
Dealers and suppliers who will be required to register later in October, must register inventory and storage capacity as of October 1, 1942. Similarly, consumers who register during October, will state their inventories as of October 1, 1942, and their rations will be computed as from October 1, 1942.,
Transfer regulations continued
Because the coupon note exchanges which will be required beginning October 1 must correspond exactly with the ration coupon transaction which will be permitted under OPA regulations, the WPB order imposes transfer restrictions and prohibitions of approximately the same type as will appear in the later OPA order. The order continues existing prohibitions against transfers for facilities recently installed for, or recently converted to, the use of fuel oil, and for facilities where equipment in serviceable condition for using another available fuel is standing by unused. The WPB order also prohibits transfers for air-cooling equipment, except in hospitals.
Dealers and suppliers within the rationed area are required under the WPB order to keep complete records of all pur-
chases and sales, and to keep on hand all coupon notes taken at the time of sales. Dealers and suppliers must report to a Local War Price and Rationing Board any person who has failed to redeem coupon notes within ten days after the date set for redemption.
Coupons may be used in lieu of coupon notes as soon as they are available.
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Solid fuel dealers, caught in price squeeze, given relief ,
Solid fuel dealers who have sustained recent increases in cost for individual kinds and sizes of coal and other solid fuels may, within certain limitations, pass on the increased cost under terms of an amendment issued October 1 by OPA.
Amendment No. 8 to Maximum Price Regulation No. 122 (Solid Fuel Delivered from Facilities Other than Producing Facilities—Dealers), provides relief for wholesale and retail dealers caught in a squeeze on some items between increasing costs and fixed ceilings on resale prices.
Officials pointed out that the price adjustment permitted under, the amendment will have little effect on prices to consumers generally since commercial sizes of fuel are affected mostly.
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Coal, oil mixture suggested for industrial furnaces
Mixing of oil and coal to produce a liquid fuel suitable for use in many industrial oil-burning furnaces has been suggested by the Bureau of Mines as one possible means of alleviating the current fuel oil shortage in the East.
On the basis of a preliminary investigation, the Bureau believes that many industrial furnaces could utilize this oilcoal fuel without material alterations in boilers and burners. Dr. Sayers said and estimated that certain types of furnaces probably would save 30 to 35 percent of the oil ordinarily consumed.
PHILADELPHIA CEMETERIES are salvaging old ornamental iron fences and railings for the scrap drive.
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October 6, 1942
OPA to ration fuel oil for private homes on basis of past consumption, floor area
OPA will assure fair and effective rationing of fuel oil to private dwellings this winter by applying a dual check on the fuel requirements of each house, Paul M. O’Leary, Deputy OPA Administrator in charge of rationing, announced October 1.
A percentage of past fuel consumption arid a floor area heat-loss formula will both be used as guides by local War Price and Rationing Boards in determining individual rations.
Used in conjunction with a percentage of last year’s consumption the formula will provide a dual check by which fair distribution can be assured in face of the necessity for an over-all curtailment of 33% percent of normal consumption.
Must measure floor space
The first figure needed for using the heat-loss formula is the dwelling floor area of the house to be heated. This figure will be supplied by each applicant when he registers for his oil ration. He will get the figure by measuring each room to be heated, and by multiplying the length of each room by its width.
The second figure involves a combination of the calendar, the thermometer and the thermostat to arrive at a degreeday figure for the house. A degree-day is the number of degrees in 1 day, by which the outside temperature must be raised to produce the 65° temperature for your house.
Find average temperature
Here is how a degree-day is computed. On the day that the temperature on the average falls to 30° your furnace has to add 35° to the inside temperature of your home to produce the 65° level. This, therefore, is a 35°-day. A solid 10-day period of exactly that same weather would mean you must spend 350 degree-days of heat to maintain 65° heat in your home.
It will not be necessary for each householder in applying for a ration to compute degree days. The OPA fuel rationing division has just completed a careful study of United States Weather Bureau reports covering every section and locality in the whole rationed area for the past 43 years. On the basis of these reports the normal degree days for each section have been worked out, and the degree-day figure for a normal season established.
Third figure in the formula is known
as a constant. Actually two constants, a high and a low, will be used to establish a ration range. Any ration within this range would be presumed as sufficient to maintain a 65° daytime temperature for a house of standard heating efficiency. Therefore, by applying two different figures as constants to the formula, maximum and minimum rations required to heat the house will be determined. —
The two constants fixed by OPA for all zones are 7,300 and 5,600. The higher figure will represent low heating efficiency for the house; the lower figure high efficiency through good insulation and economical oil burner performance. The constants reflect efficiency factors that can reasonably be brought to standard (insulation, clean burner, combustion, storm windows, etc.), whereas the range is provided to cover variables that cannot be accurately combatted.
★	★ ★
Eastman asks tank truck owners to handle short hauls
ODT Director Eastman, September 26, appealed to owners and operators of tank trucks to restrict their operations generally to the short hauls which they can handle most efficiently and which will further the conservation of tires and other equipment.
Mr. Eastman’s statement was intended to clear up what apparently was a misunderstanding among truckers, many of whom believed that the principal purpose of the recently revised ODT Exception Order 7-2 was to divert from rail to highway all shipments of petroleum of between 100 and 200 miles.
To control rail movement of petroleum
Mr. Eastman pointed out that the general purpose of Exception Order 7-2, which in effect extended from 100 miles to 200 miles the radius within which tank cars are prohibited from operating without special or general permits, was not to shift to trucks the burden of petroleum hauls between 100 and 200 miles. The original purpose, he said, was to control rail movements of petroleum in order to swell the eastward flow of oil through the substitution of large tank cars for the small ones.
ODT application blanks to provide inventory of tires on commercial autos.
Applications for Certificates of War Necessity under General Order ODT No. 21, effective November 15, will provide the ODT with a complete inventory of all tires now on the wheels of the country’s more than 5,000,000 nonmilitary commercial vehicles or held for the use of such vehicles.
In applying for a Certificate of War Necessity, every operator must report the number and condition of all tires in his possession by sizes or size groups, including both new and used tires.
Must list mileage
In addition, the operator must list the mileage of tires, by sizes, which were removed from service in 1941, exclusive of retreaded or recapped tires, thus giving the ODT a definite gage on normal consumption of new tires by commercial vehicles.
Any operator of a truck, bus, taxicab, jitney, ambulance, hearse or vehicle available for public rental who resides in any such county and who has not received his application blank when this announcement appears, should apply im- • mediately to the nearest field office of the ODT’s division of motor transport, stating the number of self-powered vehicles he operates so that the proper application blank can be forwarded to him.
★	★ ★
Eastman clarifies ODT order governing petroleum shipments
Joseph B. Eastman, Director of ODT, . September 28 issued an order clarifying and amending an earlier ODT order which extended the agency’s permit system and shifted much of the burden of the eastward petroleum movement to large tank cars.
The order announced September 28 (Exception Order ODT 7-3) superseded the earlier one (Exception Order ODT 7-2) and made it clear that, with certain specific exceptions, permits would be required for all movements of crude petroleum and petroleum products in tank cars for distances of 200 miles or less, as measured “over the shortest available published rail tariff route.”
The order, which becomes effective October 10, excepts the movement of crude petroleum and petroleum products in tank cars of a shell capacity of not less than 7,000 gallons into 17 Eastern States and the District of ^/ Columbia. Also excepted were petroleum' shipments in tank cars of any capacity into the States of Washington and Oregon.
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY *
9
Selective Service workers, members of ration boards to get needed gasoline
Members of the Selective Service Sys-_ tem will be allowed gasoline needed to drive their cars between homes and the places at which Selective Service work is carried on, if they receive Government compensation for such travel, the OPA announced September 30. In addition, members of the local War Price and Rationing Boards will be allowed gasoline needed to drive their cars to and from their places of work.
An amendment (No. 12) to the rationing regulations for the eastern States provides preferred mileage status for this travel when necessary.
★	★ ★
Itinerant dentists, midwives eligible for tires, tubes
Dental surgeons, itinerant dentists, and midwives who must drive cars in the performance of their work have been included in the list of persons eligible for tires and tubes under the rationing regulations, the OBA announced September 27.
To qualify for tires, persons in these occupations must be licensed by the appropriate State authorities and will be required to show that they have a substantial number of patients whom they provide with services of an emergency character necessary to the saving of life or prevention of serious damage to health.
The addition is made by Amendment No. 29 to the Revised Tire Rationing Regulations, effective October 2.
★	★ *
High ratings in oil industry applicable only where needed
Correct application of preference ratings in obtaining materials for the oil industry under the provisions of War Production Order P-98-b was explained September 28 by Deputy Petroleum Coordinator for War Davies.
A-l-a ratings cannot be applied if materials can be obtained with an A-2 rating. Neither an A-l-a nor an A-2 rating can be applied if the materials can
Ickes pools oil companies’ supplies and terminal facilities in East to get greatest possible load on every train
The pooling of petroleum supplies and terminal facilities on the Atlantic seaboard was ordered September 29 by Petroleum Coordinator for War Ickes in a far-reaching move to increase oil deliveries. to the East Coast.
As a result of the action (ordered in Petroleum Directive No. 59* of the Coordinator), all companies importing petroleum products from the West will join together in one concerted effort to step up railroad tank car shipments to the maximum and to squeeze the last possible barrel of oil out of all other available overland transportation facilities.
Operation explained
Explaining the order, Deputy Coordinator Davies said that tank cars will move to the seaboard in solid trains wherever practicable from now on, and will be unloaded only at selected, centrally located terminals, capable of handling trainload shipments. Terminals' will be located in each of six zones into which the 17-State East Coast area has been divided.
Specific sources of supply will be designated in the West and Southwest for each terminal and arrangements made to concentrate products at those points in trainload quantities.
To be allocated on 1941 percentages
Incoming supplies of all principal products, as well as all products manufactured in eastern refineries, will be pooled for allocation among all companies operating in a particular zone in proportion to their percentage of total sales in that zone in 1941. To assure uniform product standards, minimum wartime specifications are to be established by the Office of Petroleum Coordinator for each of the four products— gasoline,-kerosene, heating oil, and industrial oil. Products will continue to be marketed under the brand names of the individual companies, however.
Distribution from terminals to the extent possible will be by truck transport, tank truck, or barge only, with the result that tank car trains will move no further than the central terminals, where they will be unloaded and returned direct to the West as solid trains.
To the extent that products can be made available locally by other means, tank car shipments into East Coast refin-
ing areas or into areas served by pipe line, barge and tanker terminals will be halted. Similarly, shipments out of such areas will be permitted only to the extent that there exists an excess of production and receipts of the four principal products.
The six zones into which the Atlantic seaboard has been divided for purposes of directing and controlling the flow of oil products are:
Zone 1.—Ne at England States. Zone 2.— Delaware, New Jersey, and those parts of New York and Pennsylvania lying east of and including the counties of • Cayuga, Tompkins, and Chemung (in New York), and Bradford, Sullivan, Columbia, Montour, Northumberland, Dauphin, and York (in Pennsylvania). Zone 8.—Maryland, Virginia, and District of Columbia. Zone 4.—North Carolina and South Carolina. Zone 5.—Florida and Georgia. Zone 6.—Wee' Virginia and those parts of New York and Pennsylvania not included in Zone 2.
. ★ ★ ★
Texas-Illinois pipe line hits record construction
Construction of the 24-inch war-oil pipe line from east Texas oil fields to Norris City, Ill., hit a record pace of 8.15 miles completed in 1 day—on September 23— it was reported September 30 to Petroleum Coordinator for War Ickes from the Little Rock, Ark., headquarters of War Emergency Pipelines, Inc.
Moreover, for the past 2 weeks, an average of approximately 6 miles of pipe has been laid daily, a record that has not been beaten even for the laying of 10-inch or 12-inch pipe.
Commenting on the increasing tempo of construction, Deputy Coordinator Davies said:
“It must be pointed out that while the amount of line completed to date represents nearly 29 percent of the total mileage from Longview to Norris City, the big emergency oil carrier cannot move a drop of oil to the East until the final weld has been completed and the pump stations and terminals built, tested and set in operation.”
★	★ ★
Gas cylinders under control
Control over production and distribution of gas cylinders was ordered September 30 by the WPB with issuance of General Preference Order M-233.
10
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
Men’s rubber boots and shoes rationed; one must have certificate to buy them
Because of a scarcity due to the rubber ( shortage, the OPA September 29 ordered certificate rationing of men’s rubber boots and rubber work shoes to insure necessary supplies of this footwear to men employed on jobs essential to the war effort or to the protection of public health or safety. The action was taken by Ration Order No. 6 at the direction of the WPB.
Effective midnight Tuesday, September 29, the OPA ordered that all sales and shipments of six types of men’s rubber boots and rubber work shoes be frozen to
OPA expands tire eligibility list
Use of a vehicle to evacuate civilians from danger zones or places where they might interfere with military operations has been added to the list, of services which may be performed on rationed tires, the OPA announced September 27.
The amendment to the tire,, rationing regulations which makes this addition provides, however, that a vehicle may engage in this service only under orders of governmental or military authorities.
Other additions to the eligibility list; which are contained in the same amendment, are vehicles operated in the following services:
1.	Transportation of a jury at the written request of the presiding judge of the court the jury is serving.
2.	Transportation of prisoners or mentally disordered persons upon written request of the official charged with their custody.
3.	Transportation of persons between their homes and their places of regular weekly worship for the purpose of attending religious services, where no other adequate-transportation facilities exist.
The additions are made by Amendment No. 30 to the Revised Tire Rationing Regulations. Effective date of the amendment was October 2.
★ ★ ★
Preferred mileage given school cars under ration amendment
Preferred mileage for cars carrying students, teachers, and school employees to and from school is provided in an amendment to the gasoline rationing regulations issued September 29 by the OPA.
prevent a buyers’ “run” on the stocks now on hand, and to give dealers time to take inventory. All manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers of the rationed footwear were required to obtain OPA inventory forms from their local War Price and Rationing Board on Thursday, Friday or Saturday of last week.
At the end of the “freeze” period on Monday, October 5, when rationing to customers began, local War Price and Rationing Boards were to be open to workers and company purchasing agents who need certificates entitling them to buy the rationed footwear.
Rubber conversion charges exempted from regulation
Charges which may be made for the service of converting raw materials supplied by a customer into synthetic rubber were exempted September 29 by the OPA from the general maximum price regulation and Maximum Price Regulation No, 165 (Services).
This action, contained in Amendment No. 4 to Revised Supplementary Regulation No. 11 of the general maximum price regulation, follows OPA’s policy of permitting complete price flexibility during the formative stages of the synthetic rubber industry—an industry which supplies strategic and critical war materials. The amendment was effective October 5.
★ ★ ★
Col. Bradley Dewey named deputy rubber director
Appointment of Col. Bradley Dewey, Cambridge, Mass., as deputy rubber director was announced September 30 by Rubber Director William M. Jeffers.
Col. Dewey is associated with Dewey and Almy Chemical Co., one of the pioneers in synthetic rubber research in the United States.
Holder of the Distinguished Service Medal for his work as chief of the Gas Defense Division of the Chemical Warfare Service in World War I, Col. Dewey has served as a CWS consultant since. He also is a consultant on rubber problems to the Army Quartermaster Corps. He is a life member of the Corporation of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a member of many scientific societies.
TO SAVE GAS AND RUBBER, more than 125 saddle horses are being used by Indian Service Extension employees on at least 14 Indian reservations, John Collier, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, reported September 29.
In addition, he added, many Indians in the cattle country are using horses in places of automobiles wherever possible.
OPA establishes ceiling for resales of reclaimed rubber
OPA September 26 established a ceiling for Rubber Reserve Co. resales of reclaimed rubber purchased by it under WPB order permitting holders of idle or frozen stocks to dispose of them to Rubber Reserve.
The ceiling on such sales by Rubber Reserve, a subsidiary of RFC, is the price it has to pay, which in turn is governed by Maximum Price Regulation No. 204— Idle or Frozen Materials Sold under Priorities Regulation No. 13—plus transportation charges from the place where the material is bought to the place where it is moved at Rubber Reserve’s direction.
This action is contained in Amendment No. 1 to Revised Price Schedule No. 56—Reclaimed Rubber—effective September 26.
★ ★ ★
Potter named to ODT division
ODT Director Eastman, September 30, announced the appointment of H. B. Potter, of Baltimore, Md., as assistant director of the division of local transport.
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
11
OP A freezes used tires to keep supply intact until rationing program begins
The OPA October 1 issued an order freezing the sale of used tires and tubes and at the' same time announced that used tires soon would be rationed to carry out the Baruch committee’s recommendation of providing tires for all essential uses.
The freeze was put on to keep intact the present supply of used tires pending completion of the rationing program, which will govern the use of these casings just as the present rationing regulations control the uses of new and recapped tires.
Used tires are being brought into the program, it was explained, because they will be needed in carrying out the Baruch committee recommendation. It is important to have available for rationing, OPA said, not only the mileage that is represented by used tires with good tread thicknesses still remaining, but also the supply of recappable carcasses which are
List of obsolete tires expanded to get them into use
Measures to assure that new tires of sizes that fit only the older models of passenger cars are rationed to eligible vehicle operators before the tires dete-__ riorate in storage or before the cars that can use them wear out were announced September 27 by the OPA.
The list of obsolete tires, upon which there are fewer restrictions under the rationing regulations, has been expanded to include all new passenger car tires fitting rims 18 inches or more in diameter. These sizes are used only by cars of 1934 model and older. Also added are tires used on motorcycles manufactured before 1937.
Available to List B eligibles
Obsolete sizes, under rationing rules, are available to List B eligibles as well as to those on List A. List A includes only the most essential users; List B includes users of secondary importance. Moreover, certificates may be granted for obsolètes by a local War Price and Rationing Board without regard to quota restrictions. In their former status, the tires added to the obsolete list by the new order could be rationed only to List A eligibles and only within the limitations of quota.
the starting point of any successful recapping program.
Exceptions to freeze order
' There are exceptions to the freeze order in regard to transfers by both consumer and dealer.
The order, for instance, does not prevent the sale to a consumer''of an automobile equipped with used tires. Moreover, an automobile dealer is permitted to shift mounted used tires among his cars. However, used tires that were a part of a dealer’s unmounted stock as of September 80, 1942, may not be mounted on the dealer’s cars during the freeze period.
Although the sale of unmounted used tires or tubes by one consumer to another or by a consumer to a dealer is forbidden, the freeze order permits the transfers necessary between a recapper and a consumer in getting a tire recapped, or between a dealer and a consumer in getting it repaired. There is provision also for transfer from a dealer to a recapper.
In special cases where the movement of used tires or tubes is necessary in the interest of rubber conservation, permission may be granted on application to the OPA state director in the state where the stock to be moved is located.
Dealers may withdraw tires from public warehouses now
Persons in the tire or automobile business—and certain'. others—who have stocks of new tires or tubes, recapped tires or recapping material in public warehouses, now may remove them without the special authorization that has been required previously, OPA announced September 28.
May be pledged as security
At the same time, permission is given for an owner to pledge his stocks of tires, tubes or recapping material as security for a loan from a State or Federal agency or other person licensed to make such a loan. The lender is required to report the loan within three days to the OPA State Director in the State where the stocks are located.
Consumers not affected
The provision for withdrawal from a warehouse, which it was emphasized, does not release any tires that consumers may have in public warehouses, was made to give the owners in trade channels readier access to stored inventories. None of the other restrictions on transfer or use of tires under the rationing regulations are distributed by the new provision.
Private driving in East drops nearly 60 percent since gas rationing adopted, OPA reports
Gasoline rationing in the East has reduced driving of the average passenger car there close to the 5,000-mile annual limit recently recommended by the Baruch committee, and thus offers a preview of rationing as it will be applied Nation-wide to save tires, OPA Administrator Henderson said September 28.
Average only 5,170 miles a year
According to OPA studies of motor car operation during the first 2 months of rationing under the coupon plan, the estimated 7,200,000 passenger cars in the -rationed area are-averaging only 5,170 miles a year, the Price Administrator reported.
On the basis of coupons Issued by local War Price and Rationing Boards, OPA estimates that 150,000,000 miles of tire wear are being saved in the East every day by the rationing program.
Big decline shown
OPA’s estimates that private passenger car driving has fallen off nearly 60 percent under coupon rationing, tally with recent checks on toll bridges and other highway spots indicating passenger car traffic to be less than half of normal.
There is every evidence that non-essential driving has been drastically reduced under coupon rationing,” said Mr. Henderson. “While our estimates are based on the number of coupon books of the various types issued, we also have information that ‘A’ book holders are not using all their coupons. We have • reason to believe this may mean a 5 percent reduction in gasoline consumption in addition to that shown by the figures on coupon issuance.”
★ ★ ★
88,000 BICYCLES TO BE RATIONED IN OCTOBER
The quota of new adult bicycles for rationing in October has been set at 88,000, OPA announced September 27.
This compares with the September quota of 90,000.
Neither figure includes State reserves held Tor supplying any demand that may develop in excess of the assigned quota in any locality. These reserves are 26,400 for October, against 30,000 for September.
12
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
WAR PRODUCTION . . .
WPB organizes priorities control bureau; expects more .speed on applications by direct action of industry branches
Organization of the bureau of priorities control was announced September 29 by J. A. Krug, deputy director general for priorities control.
The office of the deputy director, four divisions, with a total of 15 operating branches, an appeals board and a clearance committee constitute the bureau as now established.
Edward Falck will serve under Mr. Krug as assistant deputy director general for priorities control.
Staff members
Top staffi'members of the bureau, in addition to Mr. Krug and Mr. Falck, are Dr. A. N. Holcombe, chairman, appeals board; Donald Uthus, chairman, clearance committee; Henry P. Nelson, chief, system planning; Herman Director, assistant chief, system planning; John H. Martin, chief, program liaison; Dr. Samuel S. Stratton, director, priorities review division; Joseph Tucker, director, Canadian priorities; John H. Ward, director, compliance division; C. E. Rhetts, director, foreign division, and a director, yet to be appointed, of the materials control division.
Division chiefs
Chiefs of the branches within the four divisions are:
Materials control division: PRP branch, C., M. Schoenlaub, chief; emergency rating branch, D. C. Gallagher, chief; distributors’ branch, L. C. White, chief; materials scheduling branch, to be appointed; materials records branch, to be appointed.
Priorities review division: routing and .issuance branch, C. C. Crossland, chief; review branch. W. G. W. Glos, chief; appeals branch, H. T. Bourne, chief; field contact branch, J. J. Burnett, chief.
Compliance division: Survey and analysis branch, H. J. Dowd, chief; business contact branch, Mason Manghum, chief.
Foreign division: Reports and control branch, J. D. Coppock, chief; foreign priorities branch, E. C. Garwood, chief; Russian supply branch, British Empire supply branch, Latin American supply branch, Middle and Far East supply branch, to be appointed.
Personnel decentralized
A reduction in personnel in the Washington office is effected by the removal from the industry branches of the priority specialists formerly assigned to them by the office cf the technical consultant. This office and the priority spe-
cialists staff have been discontinued, and many of the specialists sent to WPB field offices to review and approve preference ratings assigned to war contracts by the armed services and other Government agencies.
Processing of applications for priority assistance will now be the responsibility solely of the branches, subject to general policy review by the bureau of priorities control. This will result in considerable saving of time in acting on applications.
★ ★ ★
Auto specialists in field to serve as liaison between WPB and automotive industry
More than 50 automobile specialists are being added to the regional and district offices of WPB to act as liaison between the WPB and the automotive industry in its various branches, R. L. Vani-man, chief of the automotive branch of WPB, announced September 28.
To aid auto dealers
Primary function of the automotive field men will be to enable automobile manufacturers, parts makers, garages, dealers, and others whose business is served by the automotive branch to transact business without coming to Washington. The field men will also be a clearing house for information both to and from industry and WPB.’ The field men will work to maintain frozen vehicles in proper condition, will cooperate with manufacturers in seeing that sufficient parts are provided to keep essential automobiles on the road, will expedite delivery of supplies, and investigate inventories.
Responsibility for the execution of thèse field activities of the automotive branch is being placed directly with regional directors of WPB. The automotive specialists, in carrying out their duties, will report to the automotive branch through the regional directors or heads of field offices to which they are assigned. The new activities in this way will be geared into current operations.
Davis named director of WPB’s program coordination division with duty to develop plans
Donald D. Davis, president of General Mills Co., Minneapolis, September 29 was appointed director of the newly created WPB program coordination division.
Mr. Davis, who reported for work September 29, is the first of several top men in the production field who will be recruited by WPB to strengthen the staff of the office of the vice chairman on program determination.
Duties of the new division include the development and recommendation to the vice chairman on program determination;: of an over-all national production program, integrated and coordinated with over-all strategic requirements, to the end that the most effective use is made of national resources. Mr. Davis will be responsible for all program recommendations by the division.
In announcing the appointment Ferdinand Eberstadt, recently named vice chairman on program determination, said;
“Mr. Davis comes to this important job after wide experience in the production field, and an outstanding record of success in business. This experience will be extremely useful in planning the production of our munitions of war and we want, to, find more men of his calibre to help direct this vital work.”
★	★ ★
Utilities service rules relaxed
A supplement to Preference Rating Order P-46 was issued September 25 to give blanket permission to utilities to make gas or electric service connections for the operation of a gas or electric range in certain circumstances where connections were formerly prohibited except upon specific authorization.
The supplement is intended to take care of a person who moves into a house which was not. wired or piped for range service prior to July 1, 1942, and which is not equipped with a range of any kind. In that event, the amendment permits a limited amount of copper for either a gas or electric connection for the operation of a range.
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
13
Group of scientists to determine scope of WPB technical development office
Appointment of a committee of engineers and scientists to determine the manner in which the projected Office of Technical Development should be set up within WPB, and to define the scope, functions and method of operations which the office should have, was announced September 28 by Chairman Donald M. Nelson.
Decision to establish such an office was made earlier, following a report by a previous committee recommending that the WPB set up a strong scientific and technical organization to make sure that the Nation’s technical ability and resources were utilized to the full in the war production program.
Members of committee
Chairman of the new committee is Webstar N. Jones, director of the College of Engineering, Carnegie Institute' of Technology at Pittsburgh. Other members are:
Dr. Lawrence W. Bass, director of research, New England Industrial Research Foundation, Boston."
Dr. Oliver E. Buckley, president. Bell Telephone Laboratories, New York.
Col. Clarence E. Davies, Ordnance Department, U. S. Army, Washington.
Dr. Ray P. Dinsmore, manager, development department, the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio.
Admiral J. A.» Furer, U. S. Navy, Washington.
Dr. Jerome C. Hunsaker, head of the departments of mechanical and aeronautical engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass.
H. W. Graham, director of metallurgy and research, Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh.
S. D. Kirkpatrick, editor of “Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering,” New York.
★	★ ★
Communication equipment regulation amended
WPB September 26 amended order L-148, covering production and delivery of equipment for telephone and telegraph companies, to allow deliveries 90 percent or more completed by September 8. This will permit completion of projects for which only final construction details remained to be taken care of when L-148 was issued.
The amendment covers wire communication equipment, parts and equipment for telephone and telegraph switchboards. Instruments, repeater equipment, power equipment, cable wire and various miscellaneous items and parts.
WPB balances materials budget under PRP; applications returned after trimming to fall within total estimated supplies
Donald M. Nelson, WPB Chairman, September 30 announced that authorizations to receive materials under the Production Requirements Plan are now being returned to applicants with changes in the original materials requests conforming to the determinations of the WPB Requirements Committee.
At the same time Mr. Nelson announced that the PRP application forms for the first quarter of 1943 have been approved, and will be mailed out as soon as they are received in quantity from the printer. The schedule for the January-March 1943 quarter calls for receiving applications and returning the certificates to. applicants some lime in advance of the beginning of the quarter.
Authorizations adjusted to supply
Total raw material authorizations for military and nonmilitary production in the fourth quarter of 1942 have been kept within the limits of the estimated supply by the determinations of the Requirements Committee. This is the first time that such a balance has been accomplished in advance. Final allotments were made by the Requirements Committee last week.
In adjusting requirements to match available supply it was necessary to cut back requests of companies under PRP from a moderate amount in the case of direct military items to a substantial amount in the case of less essential items.
All materials authorizations for the fourth quarter will be covered by preference ratings in the AA series, and a new AA-5 rating has been established to be applied in certain instances.
All military items and many essential nonmilitary items already were covered by ratings of AA-1 through AA-4. Some of the nonmilitary items included among the quantity determinations of the Requirements Committee were not previously rated in the AA category. To up-rate such items into AA-4 would put them in competition with military items already in that category. Rather than do this, the new classification of AA-5 was established. It will include any balance of the amounts on approved schedules to which the present PRP pattern ascribes a rating lower than AA-4.
A figure representing the over-all percentage reduction in requests for authorizations under PRP and estimated re-
quirements of companies not under PRP cannot be reached because the factors in individual cases are so varied that they cannot be. reduced to a common denominator. However, certain basic principles were applied in all cases in arriving at particular cut-backs. These included:
1.	Total requests were kept within total supply.
2.	End-use was considered so that items most urgently needed were provided for first, receiving the least reduction.
3.	Material Inventory was considered so that reduction in requests was "possible in cases where companies had sufficient stock in hand to permit such cuts.
4.	Reductions in requests for other materials were considered in making final allocation of a particular material, so that each Individual cut was as nearly as possible in proper proportion to the others.
For reasons of military security the quantities of materials allowed for military and for nonmilitary use were not made public by the committee.
It was stated that total demands for all materials covered by PRP have been adjusted to estimated supply during the fourth quarter. Every program was cut some, but the exact percentage of each cut was not revealed.
★ ★ ★
Concrete producers urged to maintain production
The nation’s 3,800 concrete products manufacturers were urged September 29 by the WPB to maintain production to supply these materials as a substitute for lumber. A similar appeal was made last week to the clay and gypsum products industry.
It is estimated that the supply of lumber will fall about 6 billion board feet short of requirements for 38 billion board feet in the next 12 months. This shortage is due to large Lend-Lease requirements and to construction and other programs of the Army. Navy, Maritime Coinmission, Defense Plant Corporation and war housing.
There are approximately 800 large and 3,000 smaller plants in the United States producing concrete masonry units. The combined annual capacities of all the plants is the equivalent of about 1.5 billion 8” x 8" x 16" units. During 1941, the industry produced only about a half a billion units, and it is estimated that its current rate is not much in excess of this.
14
* VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
August war production up 8 percent but lags 14 percent behind forecasts
Here are details of WPB Chairman Nelson’s war production report, charted on page 1, in which he said production rose 8 percent in August but lagged 14 percent behind forecasts.
MUNITIONS INDEX \
Munitions output in May was 13 percent higher than in April, according to the revised figures. June production was 12 percent higher than in May. Figures for July show an increase of 10 percent over June. And in August, as indicated, there was an 8 percent increase.
The WPB Munitions Index (covering all fighting items), which stood at 357 in August, is based on an index of 100 for November 1941, the month before Pearl Harbor. This* index is not figured just on a basis of the number of things produced but takes into account the varying weights and values of different items, and accurately reflects the increase in total production. Production today, therefore, is somewhat more than 3^ times as large as in the pre-Pearl Harbor month. Again, this is not enough, even though we anticipate a slowing down in the rate of increase as the total volume of munitions goes up.
U. S. VERSUS THE AXIS '
Available information indicates that this year our total output of munitions at least will equal that of German-dominated Europe, including France, Italy, and the Balkan states. There still are important items we lack, but deficiencies are being corrected. If we include new plant facilities and military construction, our 1942 war production effort promises to exceed by a considerable margin that of Axis Europe.
Studies-indicate that our rate of production already has caught up with and has passed that of Axis Europe, although the Axis has the benefit of a big headstart.
Our over-all program has been increased steadily. It has been stated previously that our production of all war goods in 1942 should reach the $45,000,-000,000 mark; information now at hand indicates that our production for the year may run beyond this, if we balance our production by better scheduling. This depends not only upon Government, but also upon whole-hearted cooperation of industry and labor.
AIRCRAFT
"Aircraft production in August was up 6 percent over July, but the picture was mixed.
Trainer plane output increased more than a fourth in August, but the increase in combat planes was insufficient, and some types of service planes fell behind July production.
Heavy bombers, on the other hand, increased fairly well. Another class of bomber also made a good record in August, and one plant which ran behind schedule in July doubled its output in August.
Aircraft production problems are very serious ones indeed, and every effort is being made to bring this program into balance and to increase output to the limit.
ORDNANCE
Ordnance production was up 3 percent in August, and this picture also was a mixed one.
Production of light tanks has increased regularly for the last 3 months, and this program is proceeding satisfactorily.
Output of medium M3’s and M4’s, however, is a more complex picture. The medium tank—production has been retarded by a changeover from the M3 to the improved M4; on the other hand, the proportion of M4’s being turned out increased very considerably in August.
August production of guns showed gains, self-propelled artillery was up, and there was an improved showing in the number of scout cars and personnel carriers.
NAVAL SHIP PRODUCTION
Actual deliveries of new naval vessels in August were somewhat behind forecasts, but the major combat vessels scheduled for delivery during the month were delivered.
Measured in tenns of additional construction in shipyards, the gain in August was 7 percent over July.
OTHER MUNITIONS
Other munitions includes a multitude of articles used by troops in the field, not included under the* definitions of aircraft, ordnance, naval vessels and merchant vessels. Many of these items, which have increased, are considered military secrets, hence a description of them cannot be given.
MACHINE TOOLS
The value of machine tools produced in August advanced to $117,400,000 from $113,600,000 in July, a gain of 3.3 percent, bringing the total value of machine tool output in the first eight months of 1942 to $819,100,000. This compares with a value of $771,400,000 for machine tools produced in all of 1941. From now on it is expected that machine tool production will approach a peak in some near month. The plant facilities program is being curtailed to make it possible for a greater volume of raw materials to be thrown into production of actual weapons and means of transport. August production represented an annual output of about $1,400,000,000. The peak annual rate is expected to be about $1,600,000,000.
PRODUCTION DRIVE
The war production drive in August was featured by marked activity in the establishment of joint labor-management committees in mines and essential raw materials operations. By the end of the month the anthracite coal industry had been completely organized and a good start had been made in the copper field.
Progress continued in fabrication plants. The total number of committees cooperating in the drive rose to more than 1,300. The greatest proportional increase in the number of committees was in plants producing machinery, engines, and tanks.
OVER ALL PICTURE
One thing that is apparent to anyone looking at the record is that the August picture is mixed—good in some spots, fair in others, poor in some.
One of our primary goals must be better balance in the program—speeding up slow items and slowing down fast ones so that our available materials can go as far as possible.
Recent organizational changes in WPB are designed to help us head in this direction. We are working out better methods of determining programs, allocating materials, and balancing schedules. We are working out improved methods of carrying out policy in our operations sections. And the creation of a production executive committee gives us a new mechanism for controlling the production effort.
It is my conviction, however, that we must do a much better job in the last quarter of 1942 than we have done so far, if we are to end the year with a record in which we can take some measure of pride.
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
15
U. S. shipyards achieve goal of 3 a day deliver 93 cargo vessels in September
Marking the most outstanding ship production record in world history, Rear Admiral Howard L. Vickery, vice chairman of the United States Maritime Commission and deputy administrator for the War Shipping Administration, announced October 1 that American shipyards had reached their promised goal of 3 ships a day by delivering into service 93 new cargo vessels of all types with a deadweight tonnage of 1,009,800 in September.
The record-breaking construction for this single month closely approaches the production for the entire 12 months of 1941.
Commenting on the September record, Admiral Vickery pointed out that the attainment of the 3-a-day goal of deliveries was adequate proof that American shipyard management and labor can not only achieve the President’s shipbuilding objective of 8,000,000 tons deadweight to be built in 1942, but will have ample capacity to turn out the 16,000,000 tons set as the 1943 construction goal on the basis of available steel.
Of the 93 vessels delivered in September, 67 were Liberty Ships, 7 cargo carriers for British account, 7 large tankers, 3 C-l vessels, 4 C-2’s, 3 C-3’s, one passenger and cargo vessel, and one large ore carrier.
In addition to breaking an all time ship production record during the month, the
Mats or proofs available for publication. Address OWI Distribution Section.
shipyards also cut down the average time from keel-laying to delivery for Libertj Ships to 70.1 days. The August average was 83.3 days.
Thus far, during 1942, American shipyards have produced 460 vessels totaling 5,101,956 deadweight tons.
★ ★ ★
RUBBER DIRECTOR William M. Jeffers last week asked all American newspapers, daily and weekly, to carry a special message on rubber conservation for their readers as frequently as possible from October 5 until the institution of nationwide gas rationing :
A MESSAGE TO EVERY DRIVER
You can save rubber and help win the war if you will do these things: .
1.	Drive only when absolutely necessary.
2.	Keep under 35 miles an hour.
3.	Keep your tires properly inflated.
4.	Have them inspected regularly.
5.	Share your car with others.
WILLIAM M JEFFERS
•	RUBBER DIRECTOR
In making this appeal to American newspapers, Mr. Jeffers said:
“We must start saving rubber now. A voluntary campaign must be started to save precious rubber until Nation-wide rationing can be effected.”
PRODUCTION
UP, BELOW FORECASTS
Chairman Donald M. Nelson September 30 issued the third in the series of War Production Reports.
Our output of munitions in August increased 8 percent over production in July.
Total value of all munitions output plus war construction was $4,700,000,000 in August.’
The WPB Munitions Index (revised from December 1941) rose 27 points from 330 in July to 357 in August.
(Mr. Nelson said at his press conference October 1 that the arms output in September was still "spotty”—better than August in some lines, not so good in others.)
We can’t brag
But these figures, while impressive by themselves, are-not impressive enough. The plain fact of the matter is that production lagged in August about 14 percent behind the first of the month forecasts. It is true that these forecasts are set very high, giving us high goals to shoot at; that schedules are being revised; and that forecasts also may be revised to give us closer measures of the production effort compared with production possibilities. None the less, the performance is not one that we can brag about.
We must all do more, and we must do it in a hurry. We are entering the crucial fourth quarter of the year. We must exert unheard of efforts, and we must give the closest attention to scheduling, inventories, and allocations of materials if we are to push the production curve as high as it must go.
Details on page 14.
★ ★ ★
MACHINE TOOLS RISE TO $117,442,000 IN AUGUST
The value of 29,100 new machine tool units shipped during August was $117,-442,000, it was announced October 1 by WPB. During July 28,300 units valued at $113,600,000 were shipped.
Compared with the same month of last year, the August value of machine tools shows an increase of 83 percent.
IS
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
Nonelectric cooking equipment for hotels under strict control
Nonelectric cooking equipment used in restaurants, hotels, cafeterias, etc., was put under strict production and distribution control October 1 by WPB.
Beginning October 1, manufacturers of some types of equipment must cut their use of iron and steel by 75 percent, based on 1941 production, for both new equipment and repair parts. Production of other specified types of such equipment is completely prohibited.	.
Must be authorized by WPB
Sale of cooking equipment—both new and used—to restaurants, cafeterias, cafes, and similar establishments is prohibited except with specific authorization of the director general for operations. The authorization must be applied for on Form PD-638 A. Deliveries to specified government agencies are not covered by this provision.
The order (L-182) restricts use of iron and steel in such items as bakers, broilers, fryers, griddles, grills, hot plates, ovens (except built-in types), ranges, roasters, steamers, toasters, urns, and warmers. Only equipment operated by coal, wood, oil, gas, or other nonelectric fuel is covered. Household cooking appliances are not affected.
To save 15,000 tons of steel
Manufacturers, distributors, and deal-' ers must file reports of inventories with the WPB on the tenth of each month on Form PD-638.
Approximately 500 manufacturers are • affected by the order. A minimum of 15,000 tons of steel will be saved as a result of the action.
★ ★ ★
Curbs lifted on chromium chemicals
Restrictions on the use of chromium chemicals were removed September 30 by the director general for operations.
Order M-18-b, as amended June 27, restricted the amounts of chrome chemicals that could be used in the manufacture of pigments, chromic acid, roofing materials, or in tanning leather, and restricted all use in any month to one-twelfth the amount used in the base period.
Ickes asks stiff penalties for violations of 35-mile limit
Secretary of the Interior Ickes September 29 forwarded to the Congress a bill designed to stop “sabotage” of the Nation’s rubber conservation program by speeders in the District of Columbia and in the national areas under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Interior. The measure would provide stiff penalties for violation of the 35-mile speed limit called for by the Baruch report and the Rubber Administrator.
The legislation provides that all Government employees riding in Government vehicles whose driver exceeds the limit would, upon conviction of the driver, each be liable to a deduction of three days pay by their employing agency.-
Civilian anthraquinone dye quotas same for fourth quarter
Civilian quotas for all anthraquinone dyes for the fourth quarter will remain at 70 percent of 1941 consumption, under provisions of Order M-103 as amended, issued September 30 by WPB. The nine anthraquinone dyes previously set aside for military use will continue in this category.
Other changes in the order:
1.	Restrictions on the use of blue and green dyes for coloring leaded gasoline are removed.
2.	After November 1, sales and use of Meta Toluylene Diamine in the developing of diazotized dyes is prohibited.
3.	Sales and use of anthraquinone as a discharging and stripping agent in textile printing Is prohibited.
4.	Fast Red A. L. Salt, also known as Alpha Amino Anthraquinone, is placed under the anthraquinone vat dye quota.
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
17
Industrial power trucks’ production and delivery put under WPB control
Industrial power trucks September 29 were put under complete WPB allocation control, including control over production, by Amendment No. 1 to Limitation Order L-112 announced September 29 by the WPB director general for operations. The action was taken to insure best use of production facilities, minimum inventory in process, and maximum production of trucks.
WPB authorization after October 15
After October 15, no manufacturer of trucks may accept any order or make any delivery unless it is accompanied by an authorization by WPB, and then the order may be placed only with the manufacturer designated by WPB.
Before October 15, 1942, orders may be accepted, and deliveries may be made, only on an order rated A-9 or higher on Preference Rating Certificate PD-1A or PD-3A, or on a Preference Rating Certificate in the PD-408 series. *
Applications to WPB to secure permission to buy, sell, and deliver trucks after October 15, are to be made on Form PD-556, containing all pertinent information.
★	★ ★
Importation of mahogany limited under new plan
A war-emergency plan under which mahogany importers can operate during the 1942-43 cutting seasons was announced jointly September 29 by the Board of Economic Warfare, the Defense Supplies Corporation, and WPB. It provides that mahogany logs and ma-hogany lumber can be imported after October 1 only under contract authorization from the Defense Supplies Corporation.
★	★ ★
Refrigeration ratings extended
High preference ratings for deliveries of material needed for emergency repairs to air conditioning and commercial refrigeration equipment have been extended until October 31 under the terms of Amendment No. 2 to Preference Rating Order P-126. The amendment is retroactive to September 30.
More kinds of air conditioning, refrigerators banned by WPB amendment
Production of additional types of air conditioning and commercial refrigeration equipment has been prohibited by WPB with the issuance of General Limitation Order L-38 as amended September 26.
The amended order also allows sales of specified types of equipment in the hands of dealers and manufacturers. These are in addition to equipment released for sale by the previously amended order.
Prohibited equipment
Production of the following equipment Is now prohibited, in addition to previous restrictions:
1.	Nonmechanical water coolers, with an Ice capacity of less than 25 pounds.
2.	Refrigerated dieplay cases of all types.
3.	Low-temperature mechanical refrigerators with a net capacity of inore than 8 cubic feet, but not over 24 cubic feet, which are used for freezing and storage of food on farms.
All of the above items could be produced in restricted quantities under terms of the previously amended order. '
Production of evaporative coolers with a capacity of 2,000 cubic feet of air per minute or less and ice cream cabinets not for use aboard ship is also cut off. Evaporative coolers rated over 2,000 c. f. m. and ice cream cabinets used on shipboard can be manufactured only for preferred orders.
Immersion (drop-in type) milk coolers for farm use are no longer restricted by L-38, but are still subject to provisions contained in L-26, as amended, which controls production of certain types of farm machinery.
Refrigerators banned
Sales of the following items by producers to dealers or other persons are now prohibited, except for specified war agencies:
1.	Self-contained or remote draft beer dispensers, including storage cabinets and water chilling devices.
2.	Carbonated beverage dispensers.
3.	Mechanical bottled beverage coolers, whether of reach-in, counter or self-contained type.
4.	Low-temperature mechanical refrigerators having a net capacity of 8 cubic feet or -less designed for the storage of frozen food or for the quick freezing of food.
5.	Self-contained air conditioners (room coolers), and window-type air conditioners having a rated capacity of less than 2 horsepower or a refrigerating capacity of less than 2 tons. (ASRE Specifications.)
6.	Soda fountains without facilities for bulk ice cream storage (fountainette type).
7s	All ice cream cabinets, whether for use aboard ship or not.
8.	Evaporative coolers rated at 2,000 c. f. m. or less.
9.	All double-duty refrigerated display cases.
Previously, sales of only some of these items were restricted.
Exempted articles
Dealers and other distributors can now sell without restriction the following items, regardless of when they were put in stock:
1.	Carbonated beverage dispensers.
2.	Mechanical bottled beverage coolers, whether of reaoh-in, counter or self-contained type.
3.	Low-temperature mechanical refrigerators having a net capacity of 8 cubic feet or less designed for the storage of frozen foods or for the quick freezing of food.
, 4. Self-contained air conditioners (room coolers), and window-type air conditioners having a rated capacity of less than 2 horsepower or a refrigerating capacity of less than 2 tons. (ASRE Specifications.)
5.	Soda fountains without facilities for bulk ice cream storage (fountainette type).
6.	Florist boxes.
7.	Ice cream cabinets, whether for use aboard ship or not.
8.	Nonmechanical water coolers (whether of the iced bubbler or bottled type) having an ice capacity of less than 25 pounds.
9.	Evaporative coolers rated at 2,000 c. f. m. or less.
10.	All refrigerated display cases.
11.	Low-temperature mechanical refrigerators having a net capacity of more than 8 cubic feet but not over 24 cubic feet, to be used for the freezing and storage of food on a farm (Farm Freezers).
Previously, only certain of these products could be sold if they had been in the dealers’ possession June 18, 1942.
Other equipment freed
' Producers, dealers, and other distributors can now sell without restriction stocks of the following products regardless of when acquired:
1.	Nonmechanical bottled beverage coolers of the ice chest type.
2.	Refrigerated vegetable display cases.
8.	Florist boxes and florist display cases.
4.	Single-duty refrigerated display cases.
5.	Nonmechanical water coolers (both iced bubbler and bottled type) having an ice capacity of less than 25 pounds.
6.	Vending machines as defined in Limitation Order No. L-27.
7.	Low-temperature mechanical refrigerators having a net capacity of more than 8 cubic feet but not over 24 cubic feet to be used for the freezing and storage of food on a farm (Farm Freezers).
It was pointed out that appeals from any provisions of paragraph (e) of the order must be made on Form PD-520. Appeals from other provisions of the order can still be made by letter.
♦	♦	♦
IT REQUIRES as much power to carry 20 tons of four-engine bomber through the sky as is needed by a crack passenger locomotive to haul 1,000 tons of cars and tender over the rails.
18
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
War Liabilities Adjustment Board proposed by Nelson to aid small business
Creation of a War Liabilities Adjustment Board to facilitate the use of all productive facilities during the war and to assure small business enterprises the opportunity to reenter a competitive economy after the war ends was suggested September 30 to the Senate Special Committee to Study the Problems of Small Business, by WPB Chairman D. Nelson.
In his suggestion that the committee study the proposal for a War Liabilities Adjustment Board, Mr. Nelson urged it to give attention to steps designed—
1.	To help small business enterprises adversely affected by the war take care in an orderly fashion of overhanging liabilities which under normal conditions they would have been able to discharge.
2.	To provide effective mechanisms for financing small business after the war.
' 3. To provide effective means for giving
Smaller war plants division spreads $6,000,000 in contracts in 14 days
Approximately $6,000,000 worth of war contracts have gone to small business in the past fortnight through the efforts of the smaller war plants division of WPB. Frank Smith, head of the engineering section of the division, last week gave the following details in respect to some of these contracts:
Talked with prime contractor
“About two weeks ago we learned that the Chemical Warfare Service was about to place orders for a large number of Incendiary bombs of an entirely new type, requiring new tooling throughout. There was no reason, therefore, why these contracts could not be placed with firms who had never done this sort of work before and we were confident; we could provide such facilities. The procurement people were willing to let us share in this order and demonstrate what we could do along this line.
“Two orders of about equal size have been placed, one in Providence, R. I., and the other in Louisville, Ky. The total of these two contracts is about $4,500,-000. In both cases we have elected to take the prime contract to a firm which does not have facilities for fabricating the parts of the bombs. These firms will assume responsibility for final inspection of the parts and will do the assembly job. Then we found in the
small business technical and other assistance at the end of the war.
4.	To provide a mechanism for giving to small business enterprises broken up by the war a priority in the acquisition of machinery and equipment when the war is over.
Discussing his proposal for a War Liabilities Adjustment Board Mr. Nelson said:
“As I see it, we are all vitally interested in providing for a sound economy when war is over. To me a sound economy calls for ample opportunity for small enterprises to enter particular fields and add their imagination, initiative and drive to the competitive struggle to provide more and better goods for all of us at continually lower prices. But to me this objective should not involve putting machinery or labor or management brains away in cold storage for the duration of the war.”
immediate vicinity a half dozen or so small shops suitably equipped and capable of making all of the component parts.
“We called the prospective prime contractors to Washington and went over the whole business with them, indicating the subcontractors who we knew were able to make all the parts. The prime contract was offered only on con-' dition that the parts would be subcontracted, although in this particular case the prime contractors had no facilities for fabrication. We were able to indicate most of the subcontractors but, naturally, both the Providence and Louisville prime contractors also knew of suitable subcontracting facilities in their communities.”
★ ★ ★
Woll, Clowes named advisers
Matthew Woll of the American Federation of Labor and Phillip J. Clowes of the CIO have been designated as advisors to the Smaller War Plants Division of WPB, Deputy Chairman Lou E. Holland announced September 29.
Mr. Woll is a vice president of the American Federation of Labor; Mr. Clowes, formerly of the United Steel Workers of America, has been for the past 2 months associate director (CIO) of WPB’s Labor Production Division.
Winning war chief question considered in making loans to small plants, WPB says
The primary objective of the Smaller War Plants Corporation in making loans to small manufacturers from.its $150,-000,000 fund will be to hasten winning the war, it was made clear September 30 by the Board of Directors in a statement in respect to the Corporation’s loan policy. If a small manufacturer can show that .the money he wants to borrow will help kill a Jap or a German, or in other ways shorten the war, there is a good chance that the loan will be granted. The corporation is not going to ask for gilt-edge security. The statement follows, in part:
To help small firms
“As we understand it, our corporation was empowered to make loans to smaller manufacturers desirous of engaging in war work, because these small plants often need financial assistance that they can’t get through ordinary, banking or Government channels. The. banks are eager to lend money where conventional guarantees are available; so it seems obvious that we should give consideration to factors which a bank could not be expected to take into account.
“The corporation’s objective is to expand and speed up war production and to strengthen our war economy. With this objective always before us, the first question we ask ourselves when considering an application for a loan is: ‘Will this money help kill a Jap or a German; will it help save the life of a United Nations soldier, sailor or airman; will it help win the war sooner?’ If the answer to that question is a definite ‘Yes’, the application has a pretty fair chance of acceptance.”
★ ★ ★
Prince and Bell named to
Smaller War Plants Corporation
The board of directors of the Smaller. War Plants Corporation has announced the appointment of two fulltime assistants.
Frank Prince, a banker from Birmingham, Alabama, and since 1933 connected with the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation, will be chief loan agent for the smaller war plants corporation.
Golden W. Bell will be the corporation’s attorney. Mr. Bell was formerly legal adviser to Francis B. Sayre, United States High Commissioner to the Philippines.
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
19
TRANSPORTATION...
ODT freezes all passenger train schedules to halt useless travel, save equipment
In a move to intensify further the conservation of passenger train equipment, Joseph B. Eastman, Defense Transportation Director, October 1 issued an order “freezing” as of September 26 all railway passenger schedules in the United States.
The order (General Order ODT No. 24), which became effective October 4 prohibits railroads, with certain exceptions, from running any special passenger trains, or adding new trains to existing schedules, or running extra sections to regular trains unless such extra, sections have been run at least 20 percent of the time during the past 90 days
Labor-management committees to assist ODT in solving war transportation problems
The establishment of systematic relationships with labor and management in the transportation industries to assist the ODT in solving problems incident to the war program was announced October 2 by Joseph B. Eastman, ODT Director.
Mr. Eastman stated that a committee of railway executives would meet with a . committee of railway labor heads on October 29 in Washington, D. C., to set up a permanent central joint committee to function under ODT’s auspices.
Railroad executives
The committee of railroad executives, designated by the Association of American Railroads to meet with Mr. Eastman this month, is made up of M. W. Clement, president, the Pennsylvania Railroad; E. W. Scheer, president, Reading Railway System; J. B. Hill, president, the Louisville and Nashville Railroad; E. E. Norris, president, Southern Railway System; H. W. Baldwin, chief executive officer, Missouri Pacific Lines; and C. L. Denney, president, the Northern Pacific Railroad.
Labor representatives
Members of the committee already appointed by the railway labor organizations to meet with representatives of management at the call of the ODT are: David B. Robertson, president, Brother-, hood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen; George M. Harrison, grand presi-
to handle the normal flow of business.
In addition no railroad, under the terms of the order, may operate a passenger train which includes a car “chartered to, or the use of which by prior arrangement is restricted to an individual or group of persons traveling together.” This does not apply to railroad business cars.
The order, sweeping in its effects, and including even mixed trains which carry both freight and passengers, follows ODT’s previously announced policy of restricting the use of passenger equipment for the transportation of crowds to football games, races, and other sporting events.
dent, Brotherhood of Railway and Steamship Clerks; Samuel J. Hogan, president, National Marine Engineers’ Beneficial Association; B. M. Jewell, president, Railway Employees’ Department, American Federation of Labor, and A. F. Whitney, president, Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen.
★ ★ ★
ODT seeks reduction in oil tank mileage
Defense Transportation Director Eastman October 2 called upon the petroleum transport advisory committees of the ODT to work out, in cooperation with owners and users of retail tank trucks, plans for the immediate reduction of tank vehicle mileage in local deliveries.
Such action, aimed at the' elimination of such practices as cross-hauls, callbacks and special deliveries, as well as the reduction of mileage, must be taken “to an extent that may necessitate extending the hours of delivery,” Mr. Eastman said.
The ODT director asserted that such cooperative plans were necessary for the attainment of conservation goals sought by General Order ODT No. 21, which provides for the issuance of Certificates of War Necessity to the Nation’s nearly 5,000,000 commercial vehicles.
Motor carriers must cut mileage by 25 percent of 1941 rate, ODT orders
Motor carriers affected by General Order ODT No. 17, must reduce the mileage of each of their operating units by at least 25 percent, as compared with the corresponding month of last year, even if the number of trucks operated in any unit has been increased in the interim.
This was the subject of one of four interpretations issued September 29 by Jack Garrett Scott, ODT general counsel.
★	★ ★
ODT appoints nine regional administrative officers
The appointment of nine regional administrative officers to assist in expediting ODT operations in the field was announced September 29 by ODT Director Joseph B. Eastman.
Regional officers
Following are the newly appointed regional administrative officers:
Region 1.—Walter A. Latzer, New York City, formerly chief of the budget office of the Defense Housing Agency.
Region 2.—Robert E. Stufflebeam, Philadelphia, formerly with Central Administrative Services, Office for Emergency Management.
Region 3.—John M. Simmons, Atlanta, former administrative officer for the Bureau of Economic Warfare.
Region 4.—Henry H. Eccles, Cleveland, who has been chief of the budget section of CAS.
Region 5.—Kenneth W. Lafferty, Kansas City, former associate placement officer, OEM.
Region 6.—John A. Lubbe, Dallas, former regional administrative officer for the Forest Research Division of the Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans.
Region 7.—Ralph E. Ellis, Chicago, formerly an OEM recruitment specialist assigned to field problems of the ODT.z
Region 9.—Joseph F. Durand, Denver, formerly regional chief of loans and collections section, Farm Security Administration, in that city.
Region 10.—William C. Helvey, San Francisco, formerly regional chief of loans and collections section, Farm Security Administration, in that city.
★	★ ★
ODT establishes 3 new joint information offices
Establishment of joint information offices in Baltimore, Detroit, and Kansas City, Mo., was announced September 30 by ODT. The three will bring to eight the total number of such offices estab- * lished under the ODT truck conservation program.
20
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
PRICE ADMINISTRATION ...
OPA moves against local milk shortages by giving regional offices authority to correct price differences diverting supply
Regional OPA offices will have authority to correct local milk shortages when they are caused by abnormal pricing differentials on milk between neighboring small localities obtaining their milk supplies from the same production area, OPA announced September 27.
This authority is provided in Amendment No. 34 to Supplementary Regulation No. 14. Regional offices now may make such price increases or decreases necessary to eliminate or reduce milk shortages resulting from abnormal price differentials between fluid milk distributors in two or more localities, having a population of less than 100,000 and drawing their supplies from the same production area.
Since March ceilings in many, cases froze abnormal differentials between localities, milk distributors in certain areas
Dollars-and-cents ceilings set for soybean, corn, peanut oils
Specific “dollars-and-cents” price ceilings were established by the OPA September 25 for various grades and qualities of soybean oil, corn oil, and peanut oil.
Except for certain refined oils where price spreads over the crude article were either abnormal or subnormal, these new ceiling prices—which will be uniform for every seller in the industry—generally approximate the individual maximums previously set under the freeze technique contained in Revised Price Schedules No. 53 and 92. In these schedules, the ceiling was each seller’s October 1,1941, sales price or 111 percent of his November 26, 1941, figure.
This change, which is effected in Amendment No. 7 to Revised Price Schedule No. 53 (Fats and Oils), effective Sep-- tember 30, makes soybean oil and peanut oil subject to the fats and oil regulation and removes them from Revised Price Schedule No. 92. The latter j schedule, therefore, has been revoked by an order issued simultaneously with this amendment.
were able to outbid others for milk supplies for fluid use. This diverted supplies away from some communities.
Another cause of diversion of fluid milk is the general and substantial rise in manufactured dairy product prices since last March. At that time, manufactured dairy products were below 110 percent of parity and thus, under Section 3 provisions of the Emergency Price Control Act of 1942, could not be placed under price control then. This later enabled manufacturers of dairy products to pay higher prices to milk producers than they did during March. Many milk producers have switched from sales to communities for use in fluid form to sales to manufacturing plants for use in manufactured dairy products, causing fluid milk shortages in some communities.
Dealers must report changes in prices of canned fruits
Retailers who adjust their prices on the 1942 pack of canned peaches, pears, pineapple or pineapple juice, which are designated as cost-of-living commodities by the general maximum price regulation, must file one or more statements showing such adjustments with the appropriate war price and rationing board, OPA announced September 28.
Such adjustments may be made under the original Maximum Price Regulation No. 197 (Canned Fruits and Canned Berries at Wholesale and Retail), to take account of increased costs in putting up the new pack.. Each such adjustment must be reported on or before the tenth of the month following the month in which the adjustment was made.
The new amendment No. 2 to the wholesale and retail canned fruit and berry regulation became effective October 3.
★ ★ ★
THE NAZIS have ordered Germans who picked fruits and vegetables to supplement their meager diets to turn this food in at collection depots.
Dollars-and-cents ceilings set on vanilla beans
Specific dollars-and-cents price ceilings were'established by the OPA October 1, on all vanilla beans, reducing March celling prices about 27 percent.
Amendment No. 35 to Supplementary Regulation No. 14 of the General Maximum Price Regulation, effective September 30,1942, sets a specific maximum selling price of $11 per pound for prime (superior to extra quality) Mexican whole vanilla beans f. o. b. New York or Philadelphia and a $10 ceiling price for “Bourbons”— as beans from Madagascar are known in the trade. Maximum prices are also established for grades lower than first quality.
Will relieve squeeze
Reduction in the prevailing vanilla bean prices will relieve to a large extent the squeeze on producers of pure vanilla extract. However, the new regulation provides that deliveries on contracts made prior to issuance of this amendment may be completed at the contract price provided such contract price is not in excess of the maximums established under provisions of the general maximum price regulation.
Ceiling prices are established f. o. b. New York or Philadelphia. Maximum prices f. o. b. any other point of entry are to be determined by subtracting from the established New York or Philadelphia price the cost of transportation from such point of entry to New York or Philadelphia, whichever is lower.
_ ★ ★ ★
Apple butter prices raised 10 percent at packer level
Taking cognizance of increased raw material and labor costs, as well as of limited supplies of the types of apples normally used, the OPA September 29 increased apple butter prices at the packer level approximately 10 percent?
This increase, which is established by means of a formula method of computing packer maximum prices in Maximum Price Regulation No. 232 (Apple Butter), became effective October 1. It will enable preserve manufacturers to enter bids with the Army prior to the September 30 deadline on 48,000,000 pounds of apple butter, 90 percent of which must be made from fresh apples. Deliveries to the Army will be made after October 1 and will be subject to ceilings established by this regulation.
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
21
Highlights of President’s order on control of wages and agricultural prices
There is established in the Office of Emergency Management of the Executive Office of the President an Office of Economic Stabilization at the head of which shall be an Economic Stabilization Director.
There is established in the Office of Economic Stabilization an economic stabilization board with which the director shall advise and consult. The board shall consist of the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Labor, the chairman of the board of governors of the Federal Reserve System, the director of the Bureau of the Budget, the Price Administrator, the chairman of the National War Labor Board, and two representatives' each of labor, management, and farmers to be appointed by the President. The Director may invite for consultation the head of any other department or agency. The Director shall serve as chairman of the board.
Director can give orders to agencies
, The Director, with the approval of the 4 President shall formulate and develop a comprehensive national economic policy relating to the control of civilian purchasing power, prices, rents, wages, salaries, profits, rationing, subsidies, and all related matters—all for the purpose of preventing avoidable increases in the cost of living, cooperating in minimizing the unnecessary migration of labor from one business industry or region to another, and facilitating the prosecution of the war. -To give effect to this comprehensive national economic policy the director shall have power to issue directives on policy to the Federal departments and agencies concerned.
The guiding policy of the director and of all departments and agencies of the Government shall be to stabilize the cost of living in accordance with the act of October 2, 1942.
No increases in wage rates, granted as a result of voluntary agreement, collective bargaining, conciliation, arbitration, or otherwise, and no decreases in wage rates shall be authorized unless notice of such increases or decreases shall have' been filed with the National War Labor Board, and unless the National War Labor Board has approved such increases Or decreases.
The National War Labor Board shall not approve any increase in the wage
rates prevailing on September 15, 1942, unless such increase is necessary to correct maladjustments or inequalities to eliminate substandards of living, to correct gross inequities, or to aid in the effective prosecution of the war. '
The National War Labor Board shall not approve a decrease in Wie wages for any particular work below the highest wages paid therefor between January 1, 1942, and September 15, 1942, unless to correct gross inequities and to aid in the effective prosecution of the war.
$5,000 and $25,000 salaries
No increases in salaries now in excess of $5,000 per year (except in instances in which an individual has been assigned to more difficult or responsible work), shall be granted until otherwise determined by the Director.
The director is authorized to take the necessary action, and to issue the appropriate regulations, so that, insofar as practicable, no salary shall be authorized under Title III, Section 4 to the extent that it exceeds $25,000 after the payment of taxes allocable to the sum in excess of $25,000. Provided, however, that such regulations shall make due allowance for the payment of life insurance premiums on policies heretofore issued, and required payments on fixed obligations heretofore incurred, and shall make provision to prevent undue hardship.
(Section 4 of Title III directs Federal agencies to disregard yUary increases in contravention of the order when calculating costs for purposes of taxation, price ceilings or contracts.}
Except as modified by this order, the National War Labor Board shall continue to perform the powers, functions, and duties conferred upon it by Executive Order No. 9017, and the functions of said Board are extended to cover all industries and all employees. The National War Labor Board shall continue to follow the procedures specified in said Executive order.
The National War Labor Board shall constitute the agency of the Federal Government authorized to carry out the wage policies stated in this order, or the directives on policy issued by the Director under this order. The National War Labor Board is further authorized to dssue such rules and regulations as may be necessary for the speedy determination of the propriety of any wage in-
creases or decreases in accordance with this order, and to avail itself of the services and facilities of such State and Federal departments and agencies as, in the discretion of the National War Labor Board, may be of assistance to the Board.
Agricultural commodities ,
^he prices of agricultural commodities and of commodities manufactured or processed in whole or substantial part from any agricultural commodity shall be stabilized, so far as practicable, on the basis of levels which existed on September 15, 1942, and in compliance with the Act of October 2,1942.
In establishing, maintaining or adjusting maximum prices for agricultural commodities or for commodities processed or manufactured in whole or in substantial part from any agricultural commodity, appropriate deductions shall be made from parity price or comparable price for payments made under the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act, as amended, parity payments made under the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, as amended, and governmental subsidies.
Subject to the directives on policy of the Director, the price of agricultural commodities shall be established or maintained or adjusted jointly by the Secretary of Agriculture and the Price Administrator; and any disagreement between them shall be resolved by the Director. The price of any commodity manufactured or processed in whole or in substantial part from an agricultural commodity shall be established or maintained or adjusted by the Price Administrator.
The Price Administrator in fixing, reducing, or increasing prices, shall determine price ceilings in such a manner that profits are prevented which in his judgment are unreasonable or exorbitant.
The Director may direct any Federal department or agency including, but not limited to, the Department of Agriculture (including the Commodity Credit Corporation and the Surplus Marketing Administration), the Department of Commerce, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, and other corporations organized pursuant to Section 5d of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation Act, as amended, to use its authority to subsidize and to purchase for resale, if such measures are necessary to insure the maximum necessary production and distribution of any commodity, or to maintain ceiling prices, or to prevent a price rise inconsistent with the purposes of this order.
22
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
Retailers prepare to go on war basis; “depression” levels of goods predicted
Plans to streamline American retailing, stripping it of its 1940-41 frills and furbelows to release “energy resources” for the successful prosecution of the war, were discussed in Washington September 29 by more than 50 leaders of the retailing field at a conference held under the auspices of the OPA’s retail trades and services division and the industry council.
OPA Administrator Leon Henderson told the retailers that savings through wartime economies in their field would release “energy resources for the successful prosecution of the war.” He added that the United States is “moving steadily toward a war program of six to seven billion dollars a month.”
Louis Harris, chairman of the OPA Industry Council warned the retailers that “in terms of civilian goods to sell, we estimate that by the end of 1943 retailing will be at the depression levels of 1932.” The Nation’s distribution system, he asserted, must strip for action and must streamline itself, not only for its . own defense, but in a larger measure to eliminate the business frills and furbelows which a wartime economy simply cannot sustain.
Two of the four committees which will recommend concrete methods for the retailers to place their operations on a war basis were named September 30, the second and concluding day of the conference.
Committee appointed
Named to the committee to study customer returns, exchanges, adjustments and sales on approval were:
B. C. Slavin of Bullocks Department Store, Los Angeles; A. C. Duchossois of Klein’s Specialty Shop, Kansas City, Mo.; Stanley Marcus of Neiman-Marcus, Dallas, Tex.; Owen W. Metzger of Wetherhpld & Metzger, Allentown, Pa.; R. E. Harrison of Montgomery Ward, Chicago; S. Meyer Barnett of the Hub Furniture Co., Chicago; S. M. Jacobs -of the OPA Industry Council; and Walter Thompson of the OPA Retail Trades and Services Division.
Those on the committee on lay-aways, will call, gift wrapping, special decorations and activities for sales promotional purposes are:
H. T. Conner of the Borden Smith Department Store, Macon, Ga.; Harold L. Pearson of Montgomery Ward, Chicago; M. I. Behrens ■ of Ludwig Bauman, New York City; R. A. Black, Jr., of the Industry Council; S. H. Harris of Levy’s Men’s Clothing, Jacksonville, Fla.; C. A. Whipple of Parke-Snow, Inc., department stores, Waltham, Mass.; and W. R. Thomas of the OPA Industry Council.
OPA announces ceilings for 45 imported spices, spice seeds
Maximum prices for 45 imported spices and spice seeds were announced October 2 by the OPA.
Dollars-and-cents ceilings set up in Maximum Price Regulation 231, effective October 7, 1942, leave only twelve spices and spice seeds at previous levels. Prices of 33 other spices and spice seeds are reduced from one to 50 cents per pound below March levels.
The twelve spices and spice seeds on which ceilings remain at generally established previous levels are:
Canary seed, Argentine; Cardamon, bleached, bold; Cardamon, bleached, medium; Cardamon, decorticated; Cardamon, green; Chilies, Mombasa; Cumin seed, Indian; Dill seed, Indian; Foenugreek, Indian; Laurel leaves, Portuguese; Rape seed, Argentine; Thyme, Spanish.
The action does not affect retail price ceilings, which remain at levels charged during March under the general maximum price regulation, but it relieves grinders and packers for a squeeze between high costs and low resale prices.
Three new western sugar delivery zones set up by OPA
Three new sugar delivery zones for distribution of western beet and cane sugar have been set up in an order from the OPA. Temporary permission was given also for deliveries of confectioners’ sugar by eastern and southern refiners to points outside previously designated zones.
The three new zones include territory that formerly was designated as one zone, and bring to 11 the total number designated to avoid cross-hauling sugar and thus to free more freight cars for war materials. The lower peninsula of Michigan is designated as Zone 9 and the territory from eastern Indiana to Maine which is not included in the seaboard refiners’ zones is designated as Zone 10. Territory outside the seaboard and Gulf zones and not included in the new zones will be known as Zone 11.
The establishment of these new zones was necessary to regulate the distribution of sugar which will be produced from the new beet crop now being harvested in Michigan, Ohio and Indiana.
Ceilings for reusable iron, steel pipe cut back to October 1941 levels
Dollars and cents maximum prices for reusable iron and steel pipe, cutting ceiling quotations back to levéis of October 1-15, 1941, were established September 29 by the OPA.
The prices, contained in Maximum Price Regulation No. 230 (Reusable Iron and Steel Pipe), apply to sales to consumers and became effective October 3, 1942.
Before November 30, 1942, sellers are required to file with the Office of Price Administration at Washington, D. C., a list of their August 15-October 15, 1941, charges for extras.
★	★ ★
Castor oil under allocation, but plenty is available for medicinal purposes
Castor oil was placed under complete allocation control September 25 by the director general for operations in order M-235.
Regular monthly allocation, to be. sought on Form PD-600, will begin November 1. Application for use, consumption or processing in October may be made at any time, but thereafter appli- , cations must be received by the 15th of the month preceding the month in which delivery is sought.
Exceptions are made for users of 35 pounds or less in any month, for pressing, bleaching, or alkali refining any quantity, or for medicinal purposes.
Some hope for kiddies
Note to youngsters: In spite of the fact that the order places no restriction on the consumption of castor oil for medicinal purposes, Ernest Kanzler, director general for operations, may, at his discretion, issue special directions to any person regarding the use of any castor oil.
★	★ ★
Furfural components exempt from GMPR
Agricultural components of furfural— a commodity used in making butadiene for synthetic rubber, in refining petroleum crudes and as a plastic binder— have been exempted from price control, the OPA announced September 29.
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
23
Advisory committee formed for OPA standards division
Formation of a 12-member interdepartmental advisory committee to the OPA standards division was announced September 29 by Dexter M. Keezer, OPA deputy administrator and acting director of the division.
Mr. Keezer said the committee, of which Dr. Faith Williams, chief of the cost-of-living division of the Department of Labor, is chairman, was created to assist the standards division by—
Helping it to avoid duplicating work already being done in the standards field by other agencies; helping it to assign new projects to the agency which can best carry out such work; giving technical advice on specific problems confronting the division, both in the field of standards and the field of operations; helping it to determine the best priorities to govern its work; giving it the benefit of its criticism and support; calling the attention of the standards division to new projects which the division might well undertake.
Serving with Dr. Williams will be Dr. John Cassels, chief of requirements and allocations branch. Office of Agricultural War Relations; Howard Coonley, chief of simplification branch, conservation division, WPB; Clarence W. Kitchen, Agricultural Marketing Administration, Department of Agriculture; Dr. Addams S. McAllister, chief, division of codes and specifications, National Bureau of Standards; Henry Miller, Federal Trade Commission; Donald E. Montgomery, consumers’ council, Agricultural Marketing Administration; Miss Ruth O’Brien, Bureau of Home Economics, textile division research center, 1 Beltsville, Md.; Dr. W. B. White, chief of food division. Department of Agriculture; H. J. Wollner, chief, division of laboratories, Bureau of Customs, Treasury Department; Dr. Walter G. Campbell, food and drug division, Department of Agriculture; C. W. Crawford, principal technical advisor, Food and Drug Administration.
★	★ ★
Work clothing report date postponed to November 10
A postponement from October 1 to November 10, 1942, of the date by which manufacturers and wholesalers of staple work clothing must file statements and price lists with the OPA as required by Maximum Price Regulation No. 208 was announced September 28.
At the same time, OPA officials stated that the requirements for filing supplementary monthly statements on new offerings of work clothing that had not been previously listed will be eliminated inasmuch as this information is obtain-able through other provisions of the regulations.
RUBBER HEEL SERVICE CHARGE REVISED
A revised schedule of ceiling prices which shoe repairmen may charge for attaching rubber toplifts to women’s • shoes was announced October 2 by the OPA.	-e
The schedule, which is contained in an amendment to the original order covering rubber heels, raises the maximum prices for attached toplifts, but at the / same time eliminates a previously permitted extra service charge for repairs made to the heel in the attaching process. In the revision the price for both services is quoted in one lump figure, instead of separately as heretofore.
★ ★ ★
OPA announces rent directors of 38 areas brought under Federal control October 1
Area rent directors for 38 of the 55 Defense-Rental Areas which were brought under Federal rent control on October 1 were announced September 29 by Price Administrator Henderson. They are:
Selma, Ala., M. Alston Keith; Blythville, Ark., Chester A. Cunningham; Hot Springs-Malburn, Ark., Felix D. Goza; Marysville-Yuba, Calif., B. J. Galbreath; Colorado Springs, Colo., Boyd A. Logan; Valparaiso, Fla., George William Barrow; Augusta, Ga., John Paul Stephens; Toccoa, .Ga., George LaFayette Good; Bainbridge-Cairo, Ga., Judge Donald R. Bryan; Pocatello, Ida., Ben Peterson; Fort Wayne, Ind.-Ill., Charles J. Worden.
Gary-Hammond, Ind., Thomas M. Kitchen; Vincennes, Ind., Wayne Combs; Wabash, Ind., Robert D. Smith; Muskegon, Mich., George D. Stribley; Aberdeen, Miss., William Bismarck Watkins; Grenada, Miss., Earnest Lane Morrow; Meridian, Miss., Robert Montgomery Bordeaux; Carlsbad, N. M., Leonard T. May; Roswell, N. M., Leland M. Quantius; Goldsboro, N. C., Zeno Greene Hollowell; Monroe, N. C., William H. Rooker; New Bern, N. C., Romulus A. Nunn.
Sandusky, Ohio, Cecil Wells Laird; Medford, Ore., Walter J. Looker; Pendleton, Ore., Raley Peterson; Rapid City-Sturgis, S. C., W. A. McCullen: Memphis, Tenn., Frank Falls Strum; Borger, Tex., W. L. Boyles; Eagle Pass, Tex., Jeremiah Rhodes; Greenville, , Tex., Judge Henry Eugene Pharr; Marshall, Tex., Cöy M. Turlington; Springfield-Windsor, Vt., Raymond V. Denault; Everett, Wash., Thomas G. McCrea; Spokane, Wash., Terrance T. Grant; Casper, Wyo., Fred W. Layman; Cheyenne, Wyö., James O. Wilson; Brigham, Utah, William E. Davis.
★ ★ ★
Carson appointed to
OPA rent division
Ivan D. Carson has been appointed director of operations of the OPA rent division, Deputy Administrator Paul A. Porter, in charge of the rent division, announced September 30.
OPA textiles, leather and apparel division reorganized
Reorganization of the OPA textiles, leather, and apparel division is announced September 30 by Bernard F. Haley, who recently assumed the position of acting director of the division.
In place of the three previous sections which dealt separately with textiles, leather, and apparel and the numerous units under these sections, the new set-up calls for eight specialized price sections.
The eight new price sections and their acting heads are as follows:
Cotton section, John. F. Van Ness, with Hilding Anderson acting head of a cotton ginning unit in this section; wool section, Russell Burrus; rayon section, J. Holmes Daly, with Frederick Niederhauser acting ■ head of a synthetic yarns unit; leather section, John H. Patterson; ''men’s apparel sec-< tion, Theodore Rothschild, with E. Glenn Elliott acting head of a work clothing unit; women’s apparel section, Sydney Shreero; knitwear and^hosiery section, George Urlaub; shoe section, Edgar Rand.
An economic analysis branch has been set up to replace the three separate economic research units which had served the three previous sections. In this branch will be sections dealing with adjustments and amendment, review and research, war procurement liaison and standardization.
★	★ ★
Export rice regulation
Maximum export prices for domestic milled rice now may be calculated by permitting addition of transportation charges from the applicable base point to the port from which shipment actually is made, the OPA ruled September 28.
★	★ ★
Victory rubber footwear brought under control
Maximum prices for the new Victory line of waterproof rubber footwear, which is produced under a WPB order limiting the use of crude rubber in such items, are set both at wholesale and retail levels in a regulation issued September 29 by the OPA. The regulation covers heavy occupational rubber footwear as well as ordinary civilian articles.
With manufacturers’ prices already controlled by an earlier regulation, this order brings sales of Victory line footwear at all trade levels under specific control.
24
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
New industry advisory committees
The WPB Division of Industry Advisory Committees has announced the formation of the following new committees:
OXY-ACETYLENE APPARATUS MANUFACTURERS INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—John Gammell, chief, electric power section, general industrial equipment branch.
Members:-
Harry H. Reade, Air Reduction Sales Co., New York, N. Y.; L. D. Burnett, Linde Air Products Co., New York, N. Y.; A. J. Fausek, Modern Engineering Co, St. Louis, Mo.; E. A. .Daniels, Victor Equipment Co, San Francisco, Calif.; E. L. Mills, Bastian-Blessing Co., Chicago, Ill.; L. L. McBurney, Smith Welding Equipment Co., Minneapolis, Minn.; Lorn Campbell, Jr., Harris Calorific Co., Cleveland, Ohio; Philip Kearny, K-G Welding & Cutting Equipment Co., New York, N. Y.
BROACH INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Franz T. Stone, chief, industrial specialties branch, tools division.
Members:
Frank W. England, vice president, Illinois Tool Works, Chicago, Ill.; Carl J. Halborg, president, Colonial Broach Co., Detroit, Mich.; Frank LaPointe, vice president, American Broach & Machine Co., Ann Arbor, Mich.; Frank McGraw, president, Michigan Broach Co., Detroit, Mich.; J. J. Prindville, Jr., vice president, LaPointe Machine Tool Co., Hudson, Mass.; Gustav Von Reis, president, Detroit Broach Co., Inc., Detroit, Mich.
TITANIUM PIGMENT INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—E. H. Bucy, chief, protective coatings section, chemicals branch.
Members:
Paul E. Sprague, American Zirconium Co., 1396 Union Commerce Building, Cleveland, Ohio; John Allegaert, United Color and Pigment Co., Newark, N. J.; J. F. Daley, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Krebs Pigment Division, Wilmington, Del.; D. W. Robertson, Titanium Pigment Corporation, New York, N. Y.
STEEL STRAPPING SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE IRON & STEEL INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—L. F. Miller, iron and steel branch.
Members:
H. C. Bristoll, The Stanley Works, New Britain, Conn.; John W. Leslie, Signode Steel Strapping Co., Chicago, Ill.; C. F. Osgood, Jr., C. Tennant Sons & Co., New York, N. Y.; C. J. Sharp, Acme Steel Co., Chicago, Ill.; E. T. Sproul, Brainard Steel Co., Warren, Ohio; Harry Walter, Gerrard Wire Co., Chicago, Ill.
INDUSTRIAL AND ADVERTISING FILM
PRODUCERS AND DISTRIBUTORS INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Harold C. Hopper, chief, motion picture and photographic section.
Members:
J. D. Alexander, president, Alexander Film Co., Colorado Springs, Col.; F. O. Calvin, presi-
dent, Gairing Tool Co., Detroit, Michigan.; A. N. Goddard president, Goddard & Goddard Co., Inc., Detroit, Mich.; L. C. Gorham, president, Gorham Tool Co., Detroit, Mich.; W. E. Loy, Union Twist Drill Co., Athol, Mass.; Cecil W. Machon, general manager, Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Co., Providence, R. I,; Howard 4 L. McGregor, president, National Twist Drill & Tool Co., Detroit, Mich.; Roy C. Michell, president, Eclipse Counterbore Co., Detroit, Mich.; E. W. Miller, general manager, Fellows Gear Shaper Co., Springfield, Vt.; Earl Parker, president, Barber-Colman Co., Rockford, Ill.; Ernest C. Putnam,* president, Putnam Tool Co., Shelton, Conn.; E. Reaney, O. K. Tool Co., Inc., Shelton, Conn., Paul Seiler, president, Motor Tool Manufacturing Co., Detroit, Mich.; Paul Zerkle, vice president, National Tool Co., Cleveland, Ohio. ^	, j
DIE HEAD, CHASER AND COLLAPSIBLE TAP INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Franz T. Stone, chief, Industrial specialties branch, tools division.
Members:	-
C. W. Bettcher, vice president, Eastern Machine Screw Corporation, New Haven, Conn.; Harry Fussner, manager, Tap & Die, National Acme Co., Detroit, Mich.; C. N. Kirkpatrick, president, Landis Machine Co., Waynesboro, Pa.; A. A. Rickert, Rickert & Shafer, Erie, Pa.; James W. Sneyd, vice president. Geometric Tool Co., New Haven, Conn.
DRILL AND REAMER INDUSTRY .
Government presiding officer—Franz T. Stone, chief, industrial specialties branch, tools division.
Members:
W. E. Caldwell, sales manager, Cleveland Twist Drill Co., Cleveland Ohio; S. A. Cogsdill, president, Cogsdill Twist Drill Co., Detroit, Mich.; R. H, Frantz, president, Wayne Tool Co., Waynesboro, Pa.; Roy C. Herrlich, treasurer, Detroit Reamer & Tool Co., Detroit, Mich.; M. J. Kearins, president, United Drill & Tool Corporation, Detroit, Mich.; R. H, Wolfe, president, Arrow Tool & Reamer Co., Detroit, Mich.; W. E. Loy, Union Twist Drill & Tool Co., Athol, Mass.; Howard L. McGregor, president National Twist Drill & Tool Co., Detroit, Mich.; Frank Morrison, W. L. Brubaker & Co., Millersburg, Pa.; Earl Reinhart, president, Republic Drill & Tool Co., Chicago, Ill.; Frank Sikorovsky, president Ampco Twist Drill Co., Jackson', Mich.
MATCH MANUFACTURERS INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—J. W. Wizeman, of the chemicals branch.
Members:
W. O, Augustine, Diamond Match Co., New York, N. Y.; D. D. Bean, D. D. Bean & Sons Co., East' Jaffrey, N. H.; H. H. Brewster, Palmer Match Co., Akron, Ohio; R. G. Fairburn, Berst-Forster-Dixfield, New York, N. Y.; Sully Fruitman, Jersey Match Co., Elizabeth, N. J.; B. Z. Posner, Match Corporation of America, Chicago, Ill.; A. H. Rosenberg, Universal Match Corporation, St. Louis, Mo.
SPECIFICATION AND TESTING INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Fred W. Gardner, chief, cork-asbestos branch.
Members:
E. S. Crosby, Johns-Manville International Corporation, New York, N. Y.; A. M. Ehret, Jr., Ehret Magnesia Manufacturing Co., Inc., Valley Forge, Pa.; Ernest Mueleck, Keasbey & Mattison Co., Ambler, Pa.; J. F. D. Rohr-back, Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc., Passaic, N. J.; L. J. Silverman, Union Asbestos & Rubber Co., Chicago, Ill.
dent, Calvin Co., Kansas City, Mo.; Eugene Castle, president, Castle Films, Inc., New York, N. Y.; L. W. Pox, president, Audio Production, Inc., New York, N. Y.; Jamison'-' Handy, president, Jam Handy Co., Detroit, Mich.; Hugh Jamieson, president, Jamieson Film Co., Dallas, Tex.; R. C. McKeon, president, Caravel Films, Inc., New York, N. Y.; Roland Reed, president, Roland Reed Productions, Culver City, Calif.; Norman Wilding, president, Wilding Picture Productions, Inc., Chicago, Ill.; Harold Wondsel, president, Sound Masters Inc., New York, N. Y.
ROTARY FILE AND BURR INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Franz T. Stone, chief, industrial specialties branch, tools division.	/
Members: I
R. G. Haskins, R. G. Haskins Co., Chicago, Ill.; Marshall Jarvis, president, Charles L. Jarvis Co., Middletown, Conn.; Charles A. Mertens, "president, Rotary File Co., Bridgeport, Conn.; R. M. Severance, president, Severance Tool Co., Saginaw, Mich.
PLUMBING AND HEATING TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Henry S. Norris, plumbing and heating branch.
Members:
L. S. Berne, traffic manager, Hotstream Heater Co., Cleveland, Ohio; J. A. Brough, traffic manager, The Crane Co,, Chicago, III.; C. C. Craft, Iron Fireman Manufacturing Co., Cleveland, Ohio; Clem. W. Göttschalk, general traffic manager, Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa.; S. J. Hoehnke, traffic manager, Kohler Co., Kohler, Wis.; George W. Hoel, traffic manager, The Trane Co., La Crosse, Wis.; X. W. Lutton, traffic manager, Universal Sanitary Manufacturing Co., Camden, N. J.; M. T. Northey, traffic manager, Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Co., Minneapolis, Minn.; E. T. Scheck, L. J. Mueller Furnace Co., Milwaukee, Wis.; Benjamin S. Thomas, traffic manager, American Radiator & Standard Sanitary Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa.; F. H. Tierney, traffic manager, Reeves Steel & Mfg. Co., Dover, Ohio.
TAP AND DIE INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Franz T. Stone, chief, industrial specialties branch, tools division.
Members:
W. M. Daizen, president, Daizen Tool & Manufacturing Co., Detroit, Mich.; L. A. Lincoln, president, Bay State Tap & Die, Mansfield, Mass.; W. E. Loy, S. W. Card Division, Union Twist Drill Co., Mansfield, Mass.; D. G. Millar, president, Greenfield Tap & Die Co., Greenfield, Mass.; E. W. Nestor, secretary, Reiff & Nestor, Lykens, Pa.; Charles M. Pond, vice president, Pratt & Whitney Division, Niles-Bement Pond Co., West Hartford, Conn.; J. E. Winter, president, Winter Bros., Co., Wrentham, Mass.; F. H. Wood, vice president, Wood & Spencer Co., Cleveland, Ohio.
MILLING CUTTER AND FORM TOOL INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Franz T. Stone, chief, industrial specialties branch, tools division.
Members:
Frank W. England, vice president, Illinois Tool Works, Chicago. Ill.; E. Gairing, presi-
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
25
JOE. Thorough scrubbing keeps him in the pink of condition. This is one of a series of 9M” by 12%" placards issued by the U. S. Public Health Service and the WPB. Two-column mats are available upon request to the Distribution Section, Office of War Information, Washington, D. C.
★ ★ ★
Coal miner is as important as the soldier, says Gray
America’s coal miners are as vital to winning the war as the men who fight on the battlefields or work in the factories that forge military weapons, Howard A. Gray, Deputy Solid Fuels Coordinator for War, said October 1 in a statement issued in connection with the war production drive rallies held in the Pennsylvania anthracite mining areas.
“The job of the coal miner is as essential to our Nation’s victory as that of the soldier,” the Deputy Coordinator said. “We can’t win a war without an adequate coal supply, both anthracite and bituminous.”
★ ★ ★
WPB goes on full 6-day week
The WPB has gone on a full 6-day week for the duration.
The regular office hours of WPB, both in Washington and in the field, now are from 8:30 a. m. to 5:15 p. m. daily except Sunday. However, employees who work on Saturday afternoons are granted compensatory leave of four hours to be taken sometime during the next week.
Board distinguishes “inequalities” from mere differences, trims Chrysler pay plea
In granting a wage increase of 4 cents an hour to 90,000 employees of the Chrysler Corporation last week, the National War Labor Board defined the term “inequalities” in such a way- as to insure that only abnormal differences in wage rates will be adjusted as inequalities. Also the* board last week for the first time refused to approve a wage increase voluntarily agreed upon by an employer and a union.
Chrysler wage award
The United Automobile Workers of America, CIO, which represents the Chrysler employees, had asked an increase of 12Scents an hour. The Board approved an increase .of 4 cents an hour, the same amount granted in the General Motors case, in order to bring the employees’ increases since January 1, 1941, up to the 15 percent increase in the cost of living between then and May 1942.
The Board’s decision was reached September 25, and the announcement was held for release awaiting the writing of opinions. George W. Taylor, Board Vice Chairman, explained that the Board had greatly narrowed the definition of “inequalities.” On this point his opinion stated:
It should be pointed out that differences in rates are not necessarily inequalities in rates. On the contrary, the wages paid in American industry are normally characterized by all sorts of differentials created for many different reasons. Under any sound program for stabilizing wages in this time of war it must be presumed that well established differences in wages are not inequalities. This approach was accepted by the board in considering the question of North-South differentials in the textile cases. Suebi an approach is particularly to be followed when such differences in wages have been established by collective bargaining procedures. One must not interpret the above-stated presumption, however, as an indication that established differences in wages can never become inequalities. They may be subject to adjustment if they have become inequalities which must be rectified in the interests of full production of war goods. The * point is, however, that a showing of an inequality in wages requires much more than a showing of differences.
Approval denied for voluntary wage boost
In disallowing a general increase of 7 cents an hour, which had been agreed upon by the General Cable Corporation, Rome, N. Y., and the Cable Guild, an independent union, the NWLB for the first time refused to approve a voluntary wage Increase.
The Board also last week denied wage increases to more than 5,000 employees in three additional cases. The most important of these was the request of the
United Electrical, Radio & Machine Workers of America, CIO, for an increase of 12^ cents an hour to 4,500 employees of the United Shoe Machinery Company, Beverly, Massachusetts.
In all four of these cases the Board found that “any general increase would be in clear conflict with the wage stabilization policy promulgated in the Little ’ Steel case.” Wage increases given employees in all of these cases since January 1, 1941, had exceeded the 15 percent rise in the cost of living between then and May 1942.
WLB to stabilize West Coast aircraft
The board last week took over from the War Production Board the responsibility for stabilizing wages in the Pacific Coast aircraft industry. The stabilization conference will be convened in Los Angeles on October 12 with Paul R. Porter, on loan from the WPB, as chairman, and Arnold Tolles of the Bureau of Labor Statistics as technical adviser.
The nine, companies and two unions which will take part in the wage stabilization conference are North American Aviation, Ryan Aeronautical, Vultee, Boeing, Consolidated, Lockheed, Vega, Douglas, and Northrup Aviation companies; the United Automobile Workers, CIO, and the International Association of Machinists, AFL.
★ ★ ★
Construction expected to drop third next year
The volume of all building and engineering construction—exclusive of shipbuilding—scheduled for the war program in 1943 will drop by more than a third, it was estimated October 2 by WPB.
At the present rate such war construction alone will reach a total of more than $11,000,000,000 at the end of 1942, topping the previous all-time record for all types of construction established in 1927 with a figure slightly less than $11,000,-000,000.
An estimate of next year’s construction total was made in a telegram sent by Stacy May, Director of the Statistics Division, WPB, to the annual meeting in Colorado Springs, Colo., of the American Institute of Steel Construction.
26
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
MANPOWER ...
Women up to 70 percent in ammunition plants forecast in Labor Department report
A greater proportion of women in artillery ammunition plants and the extension of their employment to additional types of jobs was predicted October 1 by Miss Mary Anderson, director of the Women’s Bureau, U. S. Department of Labor, in releasing a report entitled “Women’s Employment in Artillery Ammunitions Plants, 1942.” The report is based on a Nation-wide field survey by agents of the Women’s Bureau.
The ammunition industry is already the largest woman-employer of the major war industries. Officials in 10 of the plants surveyed said that women will cbn-stitute about two-thirds or more of their labor force. The report forecasts a proportion of women in artillery ammunition bag-loading plants ranging as high • as 70 percent.
In all bag-loading plants women sewed, trimmed, counted, and inspected powder bags. More women could be used in loading operations:, particularly in handling black powder.
•Women were employed in shell-loading
Workmen’s suggestions for increasing war production studied by industry
Forty-four suggestions by American workmen for increasing war production are being “ploughed back” into industry by war production drive headquarters.
Michael W. Straus, chief, has sent a brief summary of the suggestions to 1,500 labor-management committees. He asked them to examine the summaries and he offered additional detailed information to those committees who thought the suggestion might be used in their plants.
Suggestions selected
The 44 suggestions have been selected from 12,000 ideas turned in to labor-management committees by men and women in the production line and in the offices and planning rooms. Those suggestions which have been put into practice and which the committees decided may have industry-wide or Nationwide application are then sent to war production drive headquarters, where
plants, generally on lines handling 20-, 37-, and 60-mm. shells. The type of work women did varied considerably from plant to plant, indicating that the proportion of women could be greatly increased in some operations. In one plant women scooped powdered TNT into cups, weighed, check-weighed, and poured it into 60-mm. shells, while in another plant only men were employed on such operations in loading the same size shells. It is thought by certain plant officials that some women could be used successfully in loading 75-mm., 105-mm., or larger shells with men to do the heavy lifting.
Women were widely employed in loading, assembling, inspecting, and packing components—for example, in loading percussion elements for primers and in operations for loading detonators; assembling components such as fuses, primers, and boosters; using micrometers, gages, and scales; operating arming machines to test whether fuses will operate when revolving at a certain number of revolutions per minute.
they are studied by a distinguished committee of technical experts. Upon their recommendations. Certificates of Individual Production Merit and the higher Citations of Individual Production Merit are awarded.
Names of committee members
The committee of experts consists of:
•
John L. Savage, chief designing engineer, U. S. Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colo.
Dr. J. L. Bray, head of the School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind.
Whiting Williams, author, lecturer, and consultant in industrial relations.
Paul H. Stanley, chief engineer, Pitcairn Auto Gyro Co., Willow Grove, Pa.
Charles B. Francis, chemical engineer and consultant, Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Henry C. Atkins, Jr., superintendent, E. C. Atkins Co., Indianapolis, Ind.
Dr. Joseph Backoff, chief chemist, Dayton Rubber Manufacturing Co., Dayton, Ohio.
William Plumer Hill, assistant superintendent, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Sparrows Point, Md.
Dr. Robert F. Blanks, chief of testing laboratories Bureau of Reclamation. Denver. Colo-
Standards set up for maternity care and employment of mothers in industry
Indication that increased employment of women in industry is causing urgent concern for the protection of the pregnant woman and her child is apparent in a policy statement prepared recently by the Women’s Bureau and Children’s Bureau, U. S. Department of Labor, in consultation with medical specialists and industrial women.
In response to many inquiries from employers, workers, and health departments concerning types of work suitable for pregnant women and the policy of maternity leave, the two Federal agencies have set up general standards for maternity care and employment of mothers in industry.
Although some women who are pregnant or have young children may find it necessary to work, thé labor situation in this country does not necessitate recruitment or employment of these women, according to Miss Mary Anderson, director of the Women’s Bureau.
Policies outlined
It is recommended as a general policy that provisions for maternity care and leave should not jeopardize the woman’s job nor her seniority privileges. A minimum of 6 weeks’ leave before delivery and at least 2 months after is considered essential to the welfare of mother and child.
In standards dealing- with the employment of women in the prenatal period, the Women’s Bureau and the Children’s Bureau have outlined policies on hours, shifts, rest periods, and occupations. Exposure to certain toxic substances during pregnancy is considered “extra hazardous,” and such substances have been listed with the recommendation that pregnant women should be transferred from workrooms in which any of these substances are used or produced in any significant quantity.
*	♦	*
THE “NEW ORDER” is working so well in captive Belgium that the Nazi radio in Brussels has had to warn Belgians not to try to escape, on pain of death. The Nazis warned the Belgians that if any did make good an escape, their relatives would face reprisals.
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
27
Strict new rules govern Federal workers’ deferment
' from Selective Service
Requests for occupational deferment of Federal employees after October 6 will be determined by the nature of the work they already are doing, in accordance with a directive issued September 26 by Paul V. McNutt, chairman of the War Manpower Commission, to all departments and agencies of the Federal Government. The directive specifies the conditions for requesting occupational deferment of employees, and the policy to be followed in cases of those considering voluntary enlistment or the acceptance of commissions.
Must hold key position
Requests to local Selective Service Boards for deferment of induction into the Army will be permitted only if it is shown that the employee is serving in a key position in essential war work, ' or that there are equally compelling reasons for his retention. Essentially the same rule will govern in cases where the employee applies for release in order to volunteer for . service with the Army or Navy or to accept a commission.
'The directive required each agency of the executive branch of the Government to prepare a list of key positions and submit it to the Civil Service Commission. Information about these jobs is thereafter to be kept current. The positions are classified according to the training and experience needed to fill them and their relation to the war effort.
★	★ ★
Civil Service authorized to reclassify field office jobs
Paul V. McNutt, Chairman of the War Manpower Commission, September 26 issued a directive to all departments and agencies of the Federal Government authorizing the Civil Service Commission to reclassify field office jobs. Reclassifications may be made when the Civil Service Commission finds that the present salary classification is resulting in material interference with the effective administration of the President’s executive order and the chairman’s directive relating to transfers of Federal employees, undesirable competition for employees among departments or agencies, or is impeding the effective use of the Nation’s manpower in the war effort.
5 million more women workers needed by end of 1943, McNutt tells committee
Over 5,000,000 women must be added to the total now employed by the end of 1943, Chairman McNutt of the War« Manpower Commission told the commission’s new women’s advisory committee at its first meeting here October 1.
Four-fifths of all war jobs can be performed by women, Mr. McNutt pointed out, but a long tradition has limited their employment. Employment of women is an immediate necessity in some war production centers, he added, because overburdened housing and transportation facilities will not permit further in-migration of outside workers.
The women’s advisory committee was appointed early last month by Chairman McNutt to consider important questions concerning the War Manpower Commission program for effective use of women in the war effort.
Prominent women act as advisers
Members of the Women’s Advisory Committee include Miss Margaret A.
Local WPA officials get order to speed up training of women, others for war jobs
WPA officials throughout the country were directed October 3 to step up the training of women and older unskilled workers to fit them for skilled and semiskilled jobs in war industries.
In a move to facilitate and speed up the placement of as many as possible of the 400,000 WPA workers remaining on project rolls, George H. Field, deputy commissioner, directed all State administrators, State directors of training and reemployment, project supervisors, and other employees to push the training and reemployment program. In a memorandum of instruction to State administrators, Mr. Field said:
“Recent reports indicate that there is a definite shortage of semiskilled and skilled workers in many parts of the country. This demand must be met by providing, training opportunities for unskilled men and women of all age groups.
“The older men and women on our program who a few years* ago were not considered employable in private industry now have an opportunity of securing work in war industries.”
Hickey, St. Louis, Mo., chairman; Mrs. Dorothy Bellanca, Amalgamated Cloth-। ing Workers of America, New York, N. Y.;
Miss Jenny Matyas, International Ladies Garment Workers Union, San Francisco, Calif.; Miss Bess Bloodworth, vice president in charge of personnel, Namm Store, Broklyn, N. Y.; Mrs. Harris T. Baldwin, Vice president, National League of Women Voters, Washington, D. C.; Mrs. Lowell Hobart, past national president, American Legion Auxiliary, Cincinnati, Ohio; Mrs. Beatrice Gould, Editor, Ladies’ Home Journal, Philadelphia, Pa.;' Mrs. Blanche M. Ralston, until recently regional supervisor of service programs for Region III of the Work Projects Administration, Coahoma, Miss.; Mrs. Sadie Orr Dunbar, director, Oregon Tuberculosis Association, Portland, Oreg.; Mrs. Gladys Talbott Edwards, director, Junior Department, Farmers Union, Jamestown, N. D.; Mrs. Maudelle Bousfield, principal, Wendell Phillips High School, Chicago, Ill.; Miss Ruth Allen, University of Texas, Austin, Tex.
The War Manpower Commission has placed upon WPA the responsibility for transferring all able-bodied workers on its roll into the various training facilities so that they may take their places in war production as rapidly as possible, Mr. Field pointed out.
★	★ ★
Labor official discourages night shift for women workers
. Emphasizing that three shifts are necessary for all-out production, Miss Mary Anderson, director of the Women’s Bureau, U. S. Department of Labor, declared September 28 that women workers should be employed on the night shift only as an emergency measure to prevent overtime on day shifts.
Her statement highlighted a report recently prepared by the Women’s Bureau entitled “Night Work For Women and Shift Rotation in War Plants.” Recommendations for reducing the dangers of night work to the worker’s health are suggested in the report.
23
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
No story is worth a soldiers life
Papers doing a good job on war news but a poor job of explaining why some is withheld, Price tells publishers
American newspapers are doing a good job in striking a balance between what war news should be published and what withheld, but are falling down on the job of informing the public as to why some information is withheld, Byron Price, Director of Censorship, told the annual meeting of the Southern Newspaper Publishers Association at Hot Springs, Ark., last week.
A matter of common sense
Mr. Price addressed the convention September 28. Excerpts:
In censorship, as in all things, there is, somewhere, a road of common sense. We must find it.
In my opinion the newspapers of the country have done a good job of striking a balance. Every day they have published many interesting columns of war news. Every day they have taken infinite pains to keep certain other information from the enemy. For this they are entitled to unbounded credit.
On the other hand, I think the news-papers have done a poor job of informing the public why some information has to be withheld. The wartime Code is public property, but I doubt whether a half dozen newspapers have ever published it, either as a whole or section by section over a period of days, or taken any other steps to advise their readers in detail about the requests made by their Government.
What censorship is for
What is the basic consideration behind censorship? It is simply this: That none of us shall provide the enemy, by design or inadvertence, with information which will help him to kill Americans. Just that, and nothing else.
But won’t he have most of this information anyway? Why do we ask that an official announcement be awaited when hundreds or perhaps thousands of your readers already know the facts? Well, sometimes the enemy will have the information, but very often he will not; and I know of no good reason why, in a matter of life and death, we should give the enemy the benefit of the doubt.
No editor should form the habit of looking upon our enemies as gods, who see all and know all. No publisher should
try and preserving it against failure or mischance. I heard quoted the other day one sentence which summarizes it all. It was written by Ray Daniell, of the New York Times, and it deserves to live for duration in the hourly thoughts of every writer, every editor and every publisher in America. It is simply this:
"There isn’t any story in the world that is good enough to justify risking the life of a single American soldier.”
★ ★ ★
Know your Government
NEW MANUAL IS READY
r The fall edition of the United States , Government Manual, a 700-page refer-, ence book on the creation and organiza-( tion, functions and activities of the , Federal departments and agencies, came off the press last week.
, The new edition, which contains ’ changes through September 1, includes statements on all the branches of Gov-
, ernment, organization charts, a list of ’ principal officials, and separate sections , on the emergency war agencies, publications and commonly used abbreviations.
It also contains an appendix on agencies abolished, transferred or consoli-; dated since 1933.
The Manual may be purchased from ■ the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1 D. C., or at the U. S. Information Cen-’ ter, 1400 Pennsylvania Avenue NW. 1 Single copies cost $1; subscriptions covering the three editions a year cost
‘	$2.75.
★ ★ ★	- ’
Inquirers about war housing
* told to see NBA regional men
i Local Officials and business men inter-1 ested in the war housing program were ; advised last week to get in touch with I regional representatives of the National ' Housing Agency, rather than to send
representatives to Washington.
} The 10 regional officers of the NHA are 1 located in Boston, Mass., New York City, N. Y., Washington, D. C., Atlanta, Ga.,
5 Cleveland, Ohio, Chicago, Ill., Kansas City, Mo., Dallas, Tex., Seattle, Wash.,
■ and San Francisco, Calif.
permit his newspaper to be edited on the assumption that Berlin and Tokyo, like the supersleuths of the thrillers, have hidden wires under every desk and agents in every fence corner. That’s the story told boastingly by enemy propaganda, and it simply isn’t true. „ —
Enemy seeks news
The enemy may dream and talk of vast fifth column enterprises in America; in practice he is thankful for small favors. We have seen some of his messages to and from his spies; and we know how highly he prizes such commonplace things as collections of stray newspaper clippings, for which he may be able to piece together, little by little, a picture of our resources and our preparations.
It is even a matter of record that one secret agent established the whereabouts of many important ships of war—and how? Merely by noting prosaically the movements of sundry naval officers as recorded in the ebullient columns of the society page.
Some examples
In October 1914 the British superdreadnaught Audacious struck a mine and sank* off northern Ireland. Thousands knew about it and saw the survivors come ashore. Subsequently a report of the disaster was published in a distant neutral country. But even so, so much secrecy and doubt were thrown about the incident that the German Admiralty, by its own admission, did not believe that the Audacious had been sunk until after the war ended, more than 4 years later.
The American aircraft carrier Lexington sank in the South Pacific on May 8, 1942, out of sight of the Japanese. Her survivors and thousands more who saw her go down arrived at San Diego on June 2. No newspaper published a line of the story until it was officially released on June 12; and surely there is some sense in the belief of naval experts that Japanese ignorance of the loss led Japan’s admirals to overestimate the American force from which they turned tail and ran at Midway.
Every American should resolve his doubts ... in favor of his own country, in favor of safeguarding that coun-
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
29
DAVIS TELLS LIBRARIANS
THEY ARE COMBATANTS
Elmer Davis, director of the Office of War Information, last week issued the following statement to American librarians:
One of the first acts of the Japanese in the Philippines was to destroy an American library . . .
They brought directly home to Americans the menace of this war to American civilization, American culture and American books—as well as those who use American books, produce American books and care for American books. ..
The consequence is to underline emphatically the positions of librarians in this war. They are combatants from this time on in all countries where free libraries and a free culture still exist. As combatants they have a right to know what their combatant duties are—in what ways they can fight back and what fronts are committed to their charge. .. Librarians occupy a position in American life which enables them to see to it that the people of this country have the facts before them.
Teachers and writers can and do perform useful services on this front but neither writers nor teachers have at their
Printers, publishers to meet OPA men in eight regions
A series of eight regional meetings to be held with members of the printing and publishing industry was announced September 30 by the OPA. At these meetings OPA officials will discuss maximum Price Regulation No. 225 and other recent price orders for this industry.
The first meeting will be held in Boston, Massachusetts, on October 13. Attendances averaging several hundreds persons are expected at these meetings. A complete schedule follows:
Boston, Mass., Parker House, Tuesday, October 13, 10:00 a. m.; New York City, Hotel Commodore, East Ballroom, Wednesday, October 14, 10:00 a. m.; Philadelphia, Pa., Benjamin Franklin Hotel, Thursday, October 15, 10:00 a. m.; Kansas City, Mo., Hotel Muehle-bach, Trianon Room, Thursday, October 15, 2:30 p. m.; Chicago, Ill., Morrison Hotel, Mirror Room, Friday, October 16, 2:30 p. m.; Detroit, Mich., Hotel Fort Shelby, Main Ballroom, Monday, October 19, 10:30 a. m.; Cleveland, Ohio, Hotel Cleveland, Tuesday, October 20, 10:30 a. m.; Washington, D. C., Hotel Ambassador, Empire and Colony Rooms, Tuesday, October 20, 10 :00 a. m.
disposition in their professional work the facilities which the librarian employs. The librarian has around him, or should have, the books in which the facts are presented—the books in which the problems are posed, the considerations are reviewed and the facts are made evident. Librarians in their professional duty are constantly concerned with the problem of directing their readers to the materials which their readers require. In the present war as never before, this duty of librarians assumes a first and pressing importance and librarians in consequence carry a responsibility such as they have never carried in our history.
I have been gratified to note the concern of the various library associations with this problem. The Office of War Information would be happy indeed to be of service to these associations and to individual librarians in meeting the various problems which have presented themselves. A part—and one of the most important parts of the work of the Office of War Information—can only be successfully performed with the cooperation of American libraries and American librarians.
Solicitations for Army, Navy relief to be discontinued
The first restrictive orders of The President’s War Relief Control Board, approved on September 22, 1942, were issued September 26 at its direction by Chairman Joseph E. Davies.
They provided that all solicitations and benefits for Army Emergency Relief and the Navy Relief Society were to be discontinued as of November 15. This action was taken by the board in connection with its acceptance of the registration of these'two organizations under..Executive Order No. 9205 of July 25, 1942.
The action was based upon the findings in the orders that the Army Emergency Relief and the Navy Relief Society appeals were in the public interest but already had received funds adequate foi their present requirements.
'“As to war chests, the orders applied to gifts from all chests whose public campaigns had not actually begun on the date of the orders.
Miller and Fleisher describe
Axis dreams of domination
Douglas Miller, author of “You Can’t Do Business With Hitler” and now with* the overseas branch, Office of War Information, on September 26 disclosed Germany’s plans for the future in an address before the Washington Institute for Librarians on War Issues, sponsored by the American Library Association Committee on Libraries and the War and the District of Columbia Library Association.
Mr. Miller revealed that the British have captured, a secret high-command document which Hitler has circulated throughout the German Army. In this document, which has been called the S. S. Charter, Hitler proposes to run his “Greater German Empire” through a great army of secret police and S. S. thugs sworn to personal loyalty to the / leader and ready to put down opposition wherever it may arise.
Wilfrid Fleisher, Far Eastern correspondent for the New York Herald Tribune, gave a newspaperman’s on-the-spot views of the past 11 years of Japanese aggression, the gradual advent to power of militarists, and the origin of a pattern of conquest and world defiance. It was the Japanese themselves who coined the phrase “New Order” which has now become the slogan for Axis ambitions and the insignia of the enslavement of the conquered peoples of Europe and Asia. On November 3, 1938, Prince Konoye, then Prime Minister, called for the “establishment of a New Order in East Asia.” Mr. Fleisher pointed out that Japanese leaders have since then given the phrase an ever widening scope until it is now clearly apparent that Japan means to extend her “New Order” just as far in any direction she can.
★ ★ ★
“ONE-MAN FACTORY” AWARDED PENNANT
A one-man “factory,” which turns out spokes for ships’ steering wheels when its owner and sole employee is not driving a United States mail truck, has been awarded the Maritime Commission’s coveted “M” pennant for “excellence in production,” the Maritime Commission announced October 1.
William T. Morris, of Oceanside, Long Island, N. Y., who operates this unique war plant set-up in the basement of his home; was presented with the Commission’s highest award.
30
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
Schools, hospitals told how to obtain necessary supplies and equipment
Because of the many inquiries being made by schools, hospitals, and other institutions regarding proper procedures for obtaining essential supplies and equipment, the Bureau of Governmental Requirements September 29 issued the following suggestions to such institutions:
When needed items cannot be obtained without priority assistance, schools, hospitals, and charitable institutions may apply in A-10 rating for supplies used for instruction, repair, operation, and maintenance in accordance with the provisions of Order P-100. This order does not cover equipment. No authorization to apply the rating is needed, but the terms and conditions of Order P-100 must be followed carefully.
When Order P-100 is inapplicable, so that it is necessary to request special priority assistance from WPB, application should ordinarily be made on Form PD-1A or PD-200 and not by letter. Form PD-1A is used to apply for items or materials in one class (except construction or expansion) when such items cannot be obtained without priority assistance. PD-200 is used to apply for a project preference rating for materials or
8 rules for safe driving in black-out
Recommendations for operation of motor vehicles during black-outs have been worked out by the Office of Civilian Defense with the cooperation of the American Automobile Association and are being issued as part of a new OCD handbook for members of the drivers’ unit of the United States Citizens Defense Corps. The recommendations are applicable also to other motorists.
1.	WAIT TILL YOU CAN SEE IN THE DARK.—After stepping from a lighted area into a black-out and before driving, wait 5 minutes in the dark if you can—but in any case wait until you can see details (steps, door, windows) of a building across the street. DO NOT strike a match. If you use a flashlight, be sure that it complies with official blackout requirements and point it only downward. If it is unsually difficult for you to see in the dark, ask for only daytime assignments.
2.	KEEP VIEW AHEAD CLEAR.—If your windshield can be opened you will see considerably better if you open it regardless of weather. Otherwise keep your shield spotlessly clean both inside and out. Keep car well ventilated so that no mist will form on inside of windshield.
3.	DRIVE VERY SLOWLY, ALWAYS ON THE ALERT.—Except when specifically instructed otherwise for EMERGENCY runs, drive with utmost caution and extreme alertness. Never go faster than 15 miles per hour in a closely built-up blacked-out
equipment used in any expansion of facilities involving construction. PD-1A forms are not to be used to apply for any items for which preference rating already has been requested on Form PD-200.
Applications for preference ratings for supplies for stock or resale to students should be made by the retail unit on Form PD-1X and sent to the Distributors Branch, War Production Board, Washington, D. C.
A limitation order applying to laboratory equipment and supplies requires that purchase orders for such items must bear a certification that they are issued in accordance with the terms of Limitation Order L-144. This order permits such certification for research, and for expendable supplies and reagent chemicals used in instruction. Special authorization is required, however, for equipment used for laboratory teaching. Order P-43 allows specifically approved research laboratories to apply a preference rating of A-l-a on equipment, supplies and reagent chemicals used for research. Requests for permission to use this rating must be made on Form PD-88.
area. Slow down even more at Intersections. Stay below 20 miles an hour in any other blacked-out area.
4.	KEEP YOUR MIND ON YOUR DRIVING.—Give your entire attention to this extremely difficult driving task. Be prepared for an emergency stop at any time. Keep well over on your side of the road; do not cross the center line. Never follow another car closely. Overtaking and passing is much more hazardous than usual.
5.	USE SPECIAL CARE AT STREET CROSSINGS AND TURNS.—At intersections, the sides of cars on the cross street are almost invisible. At turns, your black-out vehicle lighting equipment will not light the path ahead at all well. You can increase the visibility of the side of your car by painting side walls of your tires white, by reflectorized material or, if not available, a white stripe (of adhesive tape, paint, etc.) on the edge of the running board and on the fenders. The front and rear bumpers may also be similarly made white.
6.	MAKE ALLOWANCES FOR BLACKOUT HANDICAPS.—Watch carefully for traffic signs and signals; they will be less visible. Yet it is even more important that you obey them. Make extra allowances for errors of other drivers or pedestrians.
7.	NEVER BLOCK THE ROAD.—Never leave a car on the street except parked on the right-hand side and close to the curb. Double parking is much more hazardous than ordinarily. Leave extra space near fire hydrants and park at least 25 feet from corners. On a rural road, never leave a car on the paved surface.
8.	STAY SOBER.—Do not drink any intoxicant.
OCD offers food protection hints against air raids
Suggestions for protection of foods in the home against contamination during a possible enemy air raid, particularly from the effects of poison gas, have been released by the Office of Civilian Defense.
The recommendations are based upon studies of British experience under actual raid conditions and prepared by G. E. Arnold, regional sanitary engineer of the Ninth Civilian Defense Region.
Four factors of food contamination
There are four major factors attendant on air raids which may result in contamination of food on pantry shelves and elsewhere in the home, Mr. Arnold says. These are: flying glass, smoke and gases from exploding bombs and shells, dust raised by nearby explosions, and chemical warfare agents commonly known as poison gas.
In the home the safe rule is to keep all foods commonly stored in the open— potatoes and other vegetables, cereals in paper cartons, cured meats, etc.—in closets, heavy cupboards, closed wooden bins, or other places where they cannot be reached by flying glass.
Care should be taken in storing food, however, that it is placed in such a manner that it will not be shaken from shelves and the containers broken by falling.
Seal foods against gas
The secret of protecting foods against gas is simple—seal it up. Several types of containers offer complete protection against war gas. Among the best are glass jars or bottles with screw caps or good stoppers and tin cans with tight-fitting lids. Flour, cereals, sugar, rice, and similar nonperishable foods may be stored safely in this manner. If they are reserve supplies, the containers may be carefully wrapped in paper before being put away.
Refrigerators safe bet
The ordinary type of domestic refrigerator is adequate protection for perishable foods if the door forms a reasonably airtight seal. Ice boxes, with a separate door for ice and an open water outlet, may not be adequate. If there is any doubt about the safety of the refrigerator, closed containers may be used in it. -
Protection of bulkier foods, such as potatoes in quantity, hams, bread, etc., is somewhat more of a problem than is the case with smaller amounts but can be accomplished by intelligent use of cans, jars, and other containers.
October 6, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
31
32
★ VICTORY ★
October 6, 1942
WPB launches drive to salvage “dormant” industrial scrap
A Nation-wide industrial “dormant scrap drive,” has been organized by the conservation division of WPB, it was announced October 1 by Lessing J. Rosen-wald, director.
Seventy thousand industrial executives will be interviewed by the industrial salvage section of the conservation division. They will be asked to make an inventory of all dormant scrap materials and to make a complete disposal of all these materials through regularly organized scrap dealer channels as rapidly as possible.
Dormant scrap is defined as obsolete machinery, tools, equipment, dies, jigs, fixtures, which are incapable of current or future use in the war production effort because they are broken, worn out, irreparable, dismantled, or in need of unavailable parts necessary to practical reemployment.
Industrial salesmen help
The field force of the industrial salvage section has been doubled and now comprises 140 men, supplemented by 2,500 volunteer salesmen and sales executives, who have been certified to serve as temporary field men of the industrial salvage section during this special drive. These salesmen have been drawn from the sales staffs of all the major steel companies, the American Steel Warehouse Association and the Associated Equipment Distributors.
Executives of these organizations, heading the salvage program in conjunction with this special dormant scrap drive, are: George Ross, secretary of the Salvage Committee of the American Iron and Steel Institute; Walter S. Doxey, president, American Steel Warehouse Association; C. F. Winchester, executive secretary, Associated Equipment Distributors, and H. R. Doughty, director of field operations on salvage for the National Federation of Sales Executives.
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WSA agents urged to search vessels, terminals for scrap
The War Shipping Administration September 30 urged all agents operating its vessels to make an immediate inspection of each vessel, terminal and other location ashore, and arrange with the local office of the WSA for the removal of all items in the vessels or ashore which can be considered scrap.
KID SALVAGE, a character drawn by Steig especially for OWI, appears in VICTORY each week. Mats, in two-column size, are available for publication. Requests should be addressed to Distribution Section, Office _ of War Information, Washington, D. C.
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THE SCRAP PILE IS A STOCKPILE
“If we are really so hard up for scrap— then why the blazes do they let stuff pile up for days before hauling it away?” Here’s the answer:
These mountains of scrap metal and rubber are America’s scrap inventory. In this form they can be tallied and sorted and prepared for their journey to the armament plants. As long as the Government and industry know the extent of these reserves, and know where they are, there is no danger of a decline in production brought about by a shortage of scrap. At a moment’s notice, as soon as a shortage in a particular area becomes evident, America can dip into her stockpiles and rush sufficient quantities of high-grade scrap to the scene to avert any slow-down in the production rate.. Every pound of this accumulated scrap must be carefully sorted and graded, must be broken up into specified lengths and sizes, must be baled and compressed before it can be sent to the mills. This work requires the skill of expert handlers.
1,300,000 railroad men on hunt for scrap
The 1,300,000 railroad men of the country proposed to report direct to Washington in specific detail the location of all scrap they know to be in existence, Julius Luhrsen of the Railway Labor Executive Association said October 1 in a joint WPB - AFL - CIO - Railway Brotherhood broadcast over Station WOL and associated mutual network stations.
AFL President William Green said:
“Many of our unions, notably the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, already are putting their shoulders to the wheel. Members of this union are giving their own time free to the collection* of scrap from homes and factories and they are hauling it to central depots . . .1 have asked every affiliated organization to appoint a committee in each community to get the scrap moving, at once .. . The local labor committees can further help by furnishing manpower and trucks to the local defense council for the collection of scrap.”
Van A. Bittner, assistant to the president of the United Steel Workers of America, representing CIO President Philip Murray, reported that CIO men and women all over the country are “pitching in with their fellow-Americans to bury the Axis under a heap of scrap.”
Emphasizing that the scrap drive has to be a continuous effort, Mr. Bittner described some recent union activities in ' the scrap campaign.
“Down in New Orleans, hundreds of CIO members took their Labor Day holiday for a. whirlwind scrap drive that netted 1,500 tons in one day,” he said.
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Auto recapping quotas doubled for October
A supplementary recapping quota of 482,370 recaps for passenger car tires in October, slightly more than doubling the 457,561 already provided for the month and making a total of 939,940 available was announced October 1 by the OPA.
•As the purpose of the quota increase is to preserve as many tire carcasses as possible in advance of the institution of the full conservation program recommended by the Baruch report, OPA is urging eligibles who have delayed because of uncertainty over their status, to apply now rather than wear their tires beyond the recapping point.