[Victory : Official Weekly Bulletin of the Office of War Information. V. 4, No. 6]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]
WASHINGTON, D. C.
FEBRUARY 10, 1943
VOLUME 4, NUMBER 6
War Dogs Now in Action; Attack, Guard, Carry Messages, First Aid Army’s K-9 Command, Outgrowth of Civilian Dogs for Defense, Trains Hundreds of Animals Loaned by Owners
Army-trained war dogs are now in action on several fronts. They have performed attack, sentry, messenger, and first aid duties with such skill and valor that troops want more of them.
Hundreds of them are patrolling posts with Army guards at forts, ports, motor bases, base commands, and quartermaster depots. Their almost inaudible growls and rising hackles warn of trespassers. Attack dogs trail, scout off leash, and attack savagely when ordered. They come when their keen ears hear vibrations of the “silent” whistle, inaudible to humans. They guard parked vehicles, stores, scattered supplies, and warehouses.
Small dogs streak over difficult terrain, using cover, as they lay wire or carry messages. They are difficult targets for enemy snipers. Others seek out wounded men, carry them a pack of medical supplies, and report their position. Some carry pigeons, some packs, some swim or work on a leash. They are proof against blows, explosions, and confusion, and none run or cower, or accept food or obey commands' except from their masters.
Many Breeds
Big Doberman - Pinschers, Boxers, German Shepherds; Airedales, called Kriegshunde—war dogs—by the Germans for their deeds in battle; clever French poodles; strong waterwise Lab
radors; black-and-white Dalmatians, too conspicuous for the front line; formidable Norwegian elk hounds; huge Great Danes; terriers, good for interior guard duty in warehouses and yards; keen-scented hunting dogs, setters, pointers, cocker spaniels, collies, schnauzers, bulldogs—are in the Command. They are of both sexes, and most of them are purebred.
Many of these dogs were household pets, and they will be returned to their owners when the war is won. The story of their transformation begins with a civilian group, Dogs for Defense, Inc., with headquarters in New York City, which was organized by Mrs. Milton Erlanger and Mr. Harry I. Caesar. Together with other dog enthusiasts, they established a system for recruiting and training dogs for the Army without cost to the Government. From this beginning has grown the Army’s aptly named K-9 Command.
Part of Remount Branch
Enthusiastic over the civilian effort, Quartermaster General Edmund B. Gregory applied to Under Secretary of War Patterson for expansion of the Remount Branch of the Quartermaster Corps, becoming obsolete now that trucks, tanks, and jeeps have largely replaced mules and horses, to include a section for war dogs. On last March 13 his application for the K-9 Command was authorized. Under Col. E. M.
Daniels, chief of Remount, the war dog training and reception center was opened at Front Royal, Va.
Now training stations for dogs and enlisted men to handle them are in operation at posts in Virginia, Nebraska, Montana (for sledge dogs), California, and Hawaii. Branches established by “Dogs for Defense” throughout the country now are the Army’s recruiting stations for war dogs. Mrs. Erlanger has become special consultant on dogs for the Remount Branch.
Owners. Loan Dogs
Through “Dogs for Defense,” patriotic owners turn their dogs over to the Government for the duration. There has been no lack of recruits. Ninety percent of the dogs have met the required qualifications—fairly large size, good health, age from 1 to 5 years, fearless disposition and lack of gun-shyness. They may be of either sex. Veterinarians, more than 200 of whom have volunteered their services, must pass the dogs before acceptance.
Few dogs in civilian life are given as fine care as the Army gives its war dogs. Accepted dogs are inoculated, examined physically, and given collar and leash, and identification “cards,” which consist of tattoo marks on the left ear. Feeding is carefully supervised; kennels kept scrupulously clean. Every day each dog is thoroughly groomed. Handlers, like cavalrymen, must attend to their charges before they care for themselves. Besides care and feeding, the men are taught how to keep dog records, treatment of minor injuries, dog physiology and psychology, voice control, and other subjects. Those who train the dogs and their handlers are experts. Such persons are scarce in this country. Some of them formerly served in foreign armies.
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February 10, 1943
In This Issue Pₐgₑ
War Dogs in Action---------------------------161
Army, Navy Lists Colleges__________________ 162
Food for the Americas_______________________ 164
Service Men Get Best Foods___________________165
War Last Week
Eisenhower Commands in Africa.-------166
The President Last Week______________________167
Elmer Davis to Broadcast.------------------- 167
Congress Last Week_________________■■_______168
Volunteers Needed for Home Front----------168
War and Business Munitions Gain 14%_____________________...— 169
War Production
Rubber Program Is Vital________________________170
Industry Advisory Committees----------------- 171
War Manpower Deferments End in Non-war Jobs-------------173
Workers Held to Essential Jobs----------;-----174
Byrnes to Review Rail Wages-----------------175
Priorities-----------------------.--;------- 176
War Facts___________________________________177
War Agriculture Service Men Need Butter..------------------178
Fruit Growers Aided____________________________178
U. S.-British. Food to Africa------------------179
Health and Welfare Mobilize Youth for War_____________________180
Merchant Seamen Patriotic..--------1--------181
War Rationing
Shoe Rationing Program-------------------------182
Rationing Reminders-------------------------- 183
Processed Food Rationing Explained------------- 184
NWLB Review_________________________________ 185
Motion Pictures----------------------------- 186
Publications and Posters_____________________186
' Appointments and Resignations--------------187
Jobs and Civil Service-----------------------188
Releases_____________________________________189
EDITOR’S NOTE
The material in VICTORY is made np of releases from OWI and other Federal agencies and statements by Government officials. This material has been supplied to the press. Articles in VICTORY may be reprinted or used by speakers without special permission, and the editor asks only that when excerpts are used their original meaning be preserved.
OFFICIAL BULLETIN of the Office of War Information. Published weekly by the Office of War Information. Printed at the United States Government Printing Office.
Subscription rates by mail: 750 for 52 issues; 250 for 13 issues; single copies 50, payable in advance. Remit money order payable directly to the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. O.
Army and Navy Announce First List Of Colleges for Special Training
Men and Women in the Armed Services Will Be Given
Courses in 281 Colleges and Others To Be Announced Later
The first list of non-Federal educational institutions which have been approved for use by the War and Navy Departments for specialized training of men and women needed for the armed forces was issued last week by the Joint Committee For the Selection of Non-Federal educational Institutions, composed of representatives of the War and Navy Departments and of the War Manpower Commission. The list includes 281 educational institutions.
In making its list public, the joint committee cautioned that the institutions included in the initial statement represent only a portion of the total number of educational institutions which eventually will be approved for specialized training for the armed forces. It stated that many applications for placement on the approved list have been received from other schools and colleges but that no action has been taken yet with respect to them.
The committee said that it must be clear that the actual contracts will be let only to those institutions whose facilities prove acceptable to the designated branch of the armed services and to whom¹ the proposed contracts are acceptable.
They also declared that they will continue to approve other institutions and in some cases additional training programs will be added for institutions already approved. Every institution, the committee said, in the country is being considered for possible use. Therefore no institution not approved up to the present time should conclude that its facilities will not be used. Representatives of institutions were advised not to make special pleas for their particular institutions, as all of the available facilities are now being canvassed.
Institutions assigned to the War Department for training engineers:’
Alabama—ALABAMA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, Auburn; UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA, University.
Alaska—UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA, College.
Arizona—UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, Tucson.
Arkansas—UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS, Fayetteville.
California — STANFORD UNIVERSITY, Stanford University; UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, San Francisco; UNIVERSITY OF SANTA CLARA, Santa Clara.
Colorado — COLORADO SCHOOL O ? MINES, Golden; COLORADO STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS, Fort Collins; UNIVERSITY OF DENVER, Denver.
Connecticut—UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT, Storrs; YALE UNIVERSITY, New Haven.
Delaware—UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE, Newark.
Dist. of Col.—GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, Washington; CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA, Washington; HOWARD UNIVERSITY, Washington.
Florida — UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, Gainesville.
Georgia—GEORGIA SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY, Atlanta.
Idaho—UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO, Moscow.
Illinois—ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Chicago; UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, Urbana.
Indiana—PURDUE UNIVERSITY, Lafayette; ROSE POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, Terre Haute.
Iowa—IOWA STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC AJITS, Ames; UNIVERSITY OF IOWA, Iowa City.
Kansas—KANSAS STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE, Manhattan; UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS, Law-/ rence.
Kentucky—UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY, Lexington.
Louisiana—LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY, University.
Maine—UNIVERSITY OF MAINE, Orono.
Maryland—JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, Baltimore; UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, College Park.
Massachusetts—HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge; MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Cambridge; NORTH -•EASTERN UNIVERSITY, Boston.
Michigan—MICHIGAN COLLEGE OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY, Houghton; MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE, East Lansing; UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT, Detroit; UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, Ann Arbor.
Minnesota—UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, Minneapolis.
Mississippi—MISSISSIPPI STATE COLLEGE, State College.
Missouri—UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, Columbia; WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, St. Louis; MISSOURI SCHOOL OF MINES AND METALLURGY, Rolla.
Montana—MONTANA STATE COLLEGE, Bozeman.
Nebraska—UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, Lincoln.
Nevada—UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, Reno.
New Hampshire—UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE, Durham.
New Jersey—NEWARK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, Newark; PRINCETON UNIVERSITY, Princeton; RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, New Brunswick.
New Mexico—NEW MEXICO COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS, State College; NEW MEXICO SCHOOL OF MINES, Socorro.
New York—POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE OF BROOKLYN, Brooklyn; CLARKSON COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, Potsdam; COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, New York; COOPER UNION OF TECHNOLOGY, New York; CORNELL UNIVERSITY Ithaca; MANHATTAN COLLEGE, New York; NEW YORK STATE COLLEGE OF CERAMICS (AL-
February 10, 1943
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Colleges—Continued
FRED UNIVERSITY), Alfred; NEW YORK UNIVERSITY, New York; PRATT INSTITUTE, Brooklyn; SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY, Syra-
North Carolina—.NORTH CAROLINA STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERING, Raleigh.
North Dakota—NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Fargo; UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA, Grand Forks.
Ohio—OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, Columbus; UNIVERSITY OF AKRON, Akron; UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI, Cincinnati.
Oklahoma—OKLAHOMA AGRICULTURE AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE, Stillwater; UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, Norman; UNIVERSITY OF TULSA, Tulsa.
; Oregon—OREGON STATE COLLEGE, Corvallis.
Pennsylvania—CARNEGIE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Pittsburgh; DREXEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Philadelphia; LAFAYETTE COLLEGE, Easton; LEHIGH UNIVERSITY, Bethlehem; PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE, State College; UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, Philadelphia; UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, Pittsburgh; VILLANOVA COLLEGE, Villanova.
Rhode Island—RHODE ISLAND STATE COLLEGE, Kingston.
South Carolina—C L E M S O N AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Clemson; THE CITADEL, Charleston.
South Dakota—SOUTH DAKOTA COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS, Brookings.
Tennessee—UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE, Knoxville, VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY, Nashville.
Texas—AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE OF TEXAS, College Station; TEXAS TECHNOLOGICAL COLLEGE, Lubbock.
Utah—UNIVERSITY OF UTAH, Salt Lake City; UTAH STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan.
Vermont—NORWICH UNIVERSITY, North -field; UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT, Burlington.
Virginia—VIRGINIA MILITARY INSTITUTE, Lexington; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, Blacksburg.
Washington—STATE COLLEGE OF WASHINGTON, Pullman; UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, Seattle.
West Virginia—WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY, Morgantown.
Wisconsin—UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN, Madison.
Wyoming—UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING, Laramie.
Institutions assigned to the War Department for the training of Army aviation cadets:
Alabama—BIRMINGHAM SOUTHERN COLLEGE, Birmingham; TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE, Tuskegee; UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA, Tuscaloosa.
Arizona—ARIZONA STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Tempe.
Arkansas—ARKANSAS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Jonesboro; HENDERSON STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Arkadelphia; OUACHITA COLLEGE, Arkadelphia; UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS, Fayetteville.
California—COMPTON JUNIOR COLLEGE, Compton; LONG BEACH JUNIOR COLLEGE, Long Beach; PASADENA JUNIOR COLLEGE, Pasadena.
Colorado—COLORADO STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS, Fort Collins; UNIVERSITY OF DENVER, Denver.
Connecticut—-YALE UNIVERSITY, New Haven.
Florida—UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, Gainesville; UNIVERSITY OF TAMPA, Tampa.
Georgia—BERRY COLLEGE, Mount Berry.
Idaho—COLLEGE OF IDAHO, Caldwell.
Illinois—AUGUSTANA COLLEGE, Rock Island; ELMHURST COLLEGE, Elmhurst; JAMES MILLIKIN UNIVERSITY, Decatur; KNOX COLLEGE, Galesburg; SHURTLEFF COLLEGE Alton; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS NORMAL UNIVERSITY, Carbondale; WHEATON COLLEGE, Wheaton.
Indiana—BUTLER UNIVERSITY, Indianapolis; INDIANA CENTRAL COLLEGE, Indianapolis; INDIANA UNIVERSITY, Bloomington.
Iowa—COE COLLEGE, Cedar Rapids; IOWA STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Cedar Falls; MORNINGSIDE COLLEGE, Sioux City.
Kansas—FORT HAYS KANSAS STATE COLLEGE, Hays; KANSAS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Emporia; KANSAS STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE, Manhattan; MUNICIPAL UNIVERSITY OF WICHITA, Wichita.
Kentucky—CENTRE COLLEGE, Danville.
Louisiana—C ENTENARY COLLEGE, Shreveport; LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY, Baton Rouge.
Maine—COLBY COLLEGE, Waterville.
Maryland—WESTERN MARYLAND COLLEGE, Westminster.
Massachusetts—AMERICAN INTERNA-TTONAL COLLEGE, Springfield; MASSACHUSETTS STATE COLLEGE, Amherst.
Michigan—ALBION COLLEGE, Albion; FORDSON JUNIOR COLLEGE, Dearborn; MICHIGAN COLLEGE OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY, Houghton; MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE, East Lansing; MICHIGAN STATE NORMAL COLLEGE, Ypsilanti.
Minnesota—CONCORDIA COLLEGE, Moorhead; ST. JOHN’S UNIVERSITY, Collegeville; UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA; Minneapolis.
Mississippi—MISSISSIPPI STATE COLLEGE, State College.
Missouri—JEFFERSON COLLEGE, St. Louis; NORTHEAST MISSOURI STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Kirksville; ROCKHURST COLLEGE, Kansas City; ST. LOUIS UNIVERSITY, St. Louis; SOUTHWEST MISSOURI STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Springfield; UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, Columbia.
Montana—-BILLINGS POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, Polytechnic; MONTANA STATE -COLLEGE, Bozeman; MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY, Missoula; NORTHERN MONTANA COLLEGE, Havre.
Nebraska—CREIGHTON UNIVERSITY, Omaha, HASTINGS COLLEGE, Hastings; NEBRASKA STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Wayne; UNIVERSITY OF OMAHA, Omaha.
Nevada—UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, Reno.
New Hampshire—ST. ANSELM’S COLLEGE,
New York—CANISIUS COLLEGE, Buffalo; HAMILTON COLLEGE, Clinton; NEW YORK STATE COLLEGE FOR TEACHERS, Albany; SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY, Syracuse; UNIVERSITY OF BUFFALO, Buffalo.
North Carolina—DAVIDSON COLLEGE, Davidson; PRESBYTERIAN JUNIOR COLLEGE FOR MEN, Maxton; NORTH CAROLINA STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERING, Raleigh.
North Dakota—J AMESTOWN COLLEGE, Jamestown; UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA, Grand Forks.
Ohio—FENN COLLEGE, Cleveland; HIRAM COLLEGE, Hiram; KENT STATE UNIVERSITY, Kent; MARIETTA COLLEGE, Marietta; MT. UNION COLLEGE, Alliance; MUNICIPAL UNIVERSITY, Toledo; UNIVERSITY OF AKRON, Akron; UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI, Cincinnati; WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY, Cleveland; WITTENBERG COLLEGE, Springfield; XAVIER UNIVERSITY, Cincinnati.
Oklahoma—CAMERON STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Lawton; NORTHERN OKLAHOMA JUNIOR COLLEGE, Tonkawa; NORTHWESTERN STATE COLLEGE, Alva; OKLAHOMA AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE, Stillwater; OKLAHOMA BAPTIST UNIVERSITY, Shawnee: OKLAHOMA CITY UNIVERSITY, Oklahoma City; UNIVERSITY OF THLSA, Tulsa.
Pennsylvania—A L B R LG H T COLLEGE,
Reading; ALLEGHENY COLLEGE, Meadville; DICKINSON COLLEGE, Carlisle; GENEVA COLLEGE, Beaver Falls; GETTYSBURG COLLEGE, Gettysburg; GROVE CITY COLLEGE, Grove City; LAFAYETTE COLLEGE, Èaston; ST. VINCENT COLLEGE, Latrobe; UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, Pittsburgh; WASHINGTON & JEFFERSON COLLEGE, Washington.
South Carolina—CLEMSON AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Clemson; ERSKINE COLLEGE, Due West; FURMAN UNIVERSITY, Greenville; PRESBYTERIAN COLLEGE, Clinton; WINTHROP COLLEGE, Rock Hill; WOFFORD COLLEGE, Spartanburg.
South Dakota—BLACK HILLS TEACHERS COLLEGE, Spearfish; HURON COLLEGE, Huron; SOUTH DAKOTA STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS, Brookings.
Tennessee—CUMBERLAND UNIVERSITY, Lebanon; LINCOLN MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY, Harrogate; MARYVILLE COLLEGE, Maryville; MEMPHIS STATE COLLEGE, Memphis; STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Johnson City; STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Murfreesboro; TENNESSEE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, Murfreesboro; TENNESSEE POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, Cookeville; UNION UNIVERSITY, Jackson; UNIVERSITY OF CHATTANOOGA, Chattanooga; UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE, Knoxville; VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY, Nashville.
Texas—AUSTIN COLLEGE, Sherman; COLLEGE OF MARSHALL, Marshall; JOHN TARLETON AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Stephenville; SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, San Marcos; TEXAS AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE, College Station; COLLEGE OF MINES AND METALLURGY, El Paso; TEXAS TECHNOLOGICAL COLLEGE, Lubbock; TEXAS WESLEYAN COLLEGE, Fort Worth.
Utah—UTAH STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Logan.
Vermont—NORWICH UNIVERSITY, Northfield; UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT, Burlington.
Virginia—LYNCHBURG COLLEGE, Lynchburg.
Washington—C E N T R A L WASHINGTON COLLEGE, Ellensburg; ST. MARTIN’S COLLEGE, Lacey; STATE COLLEGE OF WASHINGTON, Pullman.
West Virginia—CONCORD STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Athens; MARSHALL COLLEGE, Huntington; WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY, Morgantown.
Wisconsin-—BELOIT COLLEGE, Beloit; CARROLL COLLEGE, Waukesha; CENTRAL STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE,’Stevens Point; STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Eau Claire; STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Oshkosh; UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN (branches at Milwaukee and Racine).
Institutions assigned to the War Department for training centers for WAAC trainees :
Arkansas—ARKANSAS POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, Russellville; ARKANSAS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Conway.
California—FRESNO STATE COLLEGE, Fresno; WHITTIER COLLEGE, Whittier.
Colorado—UNIVERSITY OF DENVER, Denver.
New Mexico—EASTERN NEW MEXICO CÓLLEGE, Portales; LORETTA ACADEMY, Las Cruces; LORETTA ACADEMY, Santa Fe; NEW MEXICO HIGHLANDS UNIVERSITY, Las Vegas; NEW MEXICO STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Silver City; ST. MICHAELS ACADEMY, Santa Fe; SANDIA SCHOOL, Albuquerque, SPANISH-AMERICAN NORMAL, El Rico.
North Carolina—ELON COLLEGE, Elon.
Oklahoma—BETHANY-PENIEL COLLEGE, Bethany; EAST CENTRAL STATE COLLEGE, Ada; NORTHEASTERN STATE COLLEGE, Tahlequah; NORTHWESTERN STATE COLLEGE, Alva; OKLAHOMA CITY UNIVERSITY,
{Continued on page 185)
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February 10, 1943
Food for Americas Has Become
Good Neighbor Problem
Shipping Shortage Brings Pinch of Hunger to Some Latin-American Countries Dependent on Food Imports; Hinders Production of Strategic War Materials
By John C. McLintock
Assistant Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs
Food in the Western Hemisphere today is more than a matter of producing a surplus to meet the needs of our allies and fighting men overseas. We have a food problem on our own doorstep which has resulted mainly from wartime disruption of trade and transportation, rather than deficiency in food production for the hemisphere generally.
Immediately, there is a pressing food problem on the home front of the Americas. The shortage of shipping has brought the pinch of hunger to some areas in the Western Hemisphere.
Ordinarily the republics of Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, and Paraguay, in the southernmost section of South America, produce a large surplus of food for export, particularly grains and meats. The 16 other republics to the north as a whole usually import substantial quantities of food, mainly from the southern temperate-zone countries and from the United States.
Unable To Meet Crisis
The diversion of shipping from interAmerican trade routes to war tasks raised a food supply problem that requires inter-American cooperation. Some areas most affected by the shipping shortage are unable to meet the crisis out of their own resources. So the food problem has been approached on the broad basis of inter-American cooperation laid down at the Rio de Janeiro conference of American Foreign Ministers in January 1942.
That conference recommended an inter-American program for defense of the hemisphere and development of hemisphere economic resources. Specifically it suggested health and sanitation work to support production of rubber, minerals and other strategic materials. To help carry out the United States contributions to this program, a health and sanitation division was set up in the Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs in. Washington. Sub
sequently a food program was grouped with health and sanitation in the Basic Economy Department of the Coordinator’s office.
Workers Must Be Fed
Now the food program has advanced to the point where, like health and sanitation work, it actively supports the mobilization of hemisphere defenses and resources for victory. Health and food count on the producing fronts of the Western Hemisphere, just as they do on the fighting fronts overseas. Rubber tappers, miners, highway workers, millions of workers on farms, in forests and mines to the south must be fed and clothed and kept in health. Otherwise organization for total war will falter at the start. For these workers in our neighboring republics are contributing greatly to the productive capacity of the United States.
In the vast spaces of the Amazon Basin, in the forests of Central America, is being waged a battle for production as dramatic as the battle to make ships, airplanes, tanks and guns in the workshops of North America. The battle to the south is a campaign to wrest rubber and other strategic materials from primitive undeveloped regions, remote from urban centers, without modern utility services, and poorly equipped in terms of modern transportation.
Amazon Basin Potentialities
Yet it is just'these areas, particularly the Amazon, which are the chief potential source of tropical-grown materials now available to the United Nations to replace supplies lost in the Far East. And to tap this potential abundance of tropical materials, the Americas under the Rio program have worked out many phases of organization to increase production of strategic materials. The fruits of this organization should be apparent in 1943 and 1944 in expanding production of rubber, minerals, fibers, drugs.
For another illustration of food problems arising since Pearl Harbor, turn to the Caribbean.«» The big exports of the
Caribbean and Central American republics have been oil, coffee, sugar, bananas. The last three rate as nonstra-tegic commodities compared with rubber, minerals, fibers. They give way to strategic materials in competition for cargo space. Exports of some of these areas, therefore, have been curtailed severely.
Food Growing Projects
To meet this emergency, the Institute of Inter-American Affairs has made food-growing arrangements with Costa Rica, Paraguay, El Salvador.
The multiple values of these foodgrowing projects are illustrated in Costa Rica, which lies just north of Panama. Panama Canal defense forces have increased. Food prices have risen. The shipping shortage makes it desirable to find nearby sources of supply. And Costa Rica, by soil, climate, and proximity to the Canal Zone, is well situated to supply the Canal Zone. The Inter-American Highway to the Panama Canal will permit overland movement of foodstuffs from Costa Rica to Panama by truck. And Costa Rican farmers need new crops to make up for the loss of nonstrategic exports.
The fertile areas of these Caribbean islands, like the productive valleys and lowlands of Central America, are well suited to growing more food for local consumption and to strategic crops. Vegetables in some of these areas can be grown on an all-the-year-round schedule. There is manpower for increased food production, including manpower released from sugar and bananas.
Soluation of Problems
In the long run, the economies of the one-crop countries may be strengthened by diversification of agriculture. What can be done toward this goal is being demonstrated in Haiti.
The Basic Economy program of the Office of Inter-American Affairs, developed in collaboration with governments of the other Americas, represents one approach toward solution of these problems. These problems call for immediate action. Many projects have been undertaken and more are being considered. In food, as in health and sanitation and emergency rehabilitation, the objective is to provide benefits’for the long-range while solving problems of immediate concern. New food crops can become some of the soundest contributions in the long run to the welfare of the peoples of the Americas.
February 10, 1943
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On The Home Front . . .
Service Men Get Cream of
Energy Producing Foods
Bully Beef and Hardtack No Longer Good Enough for Our
Fighting Men; a Soldier Consumes Twice as Much as a Civilian
Food is equally a military and civilian necessity, but in the choice of energygiving foods and in certain forms and varieties of food appropriate to training and fighting conditions military needs take precedence over civilian.
This was not always the case. Time was when the soldier’s rations consisted chiefly of hardtack and bully beef, eked out with cooked dried beans or peas, and potatoes and turnips—if they were to be had. Naval rations, too, provided only the simplest and most monotonous fare. But it has been recognized that the modern fighting man not only must expend enormous energy under conditions of present-day warfare, for the most part he must also handle complicated weapons or operate machines—on land and sea and in the air—which require the utmost alertness and concentration. His food, therefore, must contribute to both physical and mental fitness.
Special climatic conditions also determine the character of foods shipped to all parts of the world, both for the nour-ishmept of the fighter and for preparation and storage in climates that range from Arctic to tropical, from bone dry to drenching wet. It has been found, for example, that the average soldier requires more food in cold weather than in warm, and he even eats more when the sky is overcast than when it is clear.
Eat Twice as Much
The soldier consumes nearly twice as much as a civilian, on the average, but there is slight waste in an Army or Navy mess for the food requirements of men in the armed services have been carefully studied and little food is served that is not eaten. The Army has discovered that it’s no use serving foods the men don’t like. Such items as kale, soups, cooked cereals, and puddings, for instance, are not as popular as prunes and dry cereals, cocoa, roast beef and mashed potatoes, frankfurters, cakes and cookies, and canned fruits. Although the diet needs of our fighters are amply filled, it has been possible to reduce their allowances of certain critical foods— sugar, coffee, butter, and meats—with
out affecting their basic nutritional requirements.
In supplying our overseas forces quantities of foods must be shipped in canned, dried or dehydrated forms in order to save cargo space and for their better preservation in storage. Immense stores of foods must be assembled at strategic points where they can be distributed as the need arises, and these reserve stocks are also a safeguard against interruptions of convoy supplies.
Point Rationing March 1
Restrictions on the use of metal in canning, together with the growing military demands for canned and processed foods, call for a judicious balance in the distribution of available stocks of canned, bottled, and frozen fruits and vegetables, juices, soups, and dried fruits, which will be brought under point rationing on March 1. It is obvious, therefore, that all civilians will have to get along with less of some foods retailed in these forms, although they will not be stinted in buying fresh fruits and vegetables, fish, poultry, and other food products equally nourishing.
The point ration plan is not a scheme for tying up purchases in red tape. On the contrary, it is one of the few reliable methods for spreading fairly the reduced supplies of standardized food items among all classes of consumers. The point method is also a voluntary system, in that each buyer may elect to “spend” more coupon points on favorite items that may be scarce, or give up fewer points for those that are more abundant. Since point rationing halts competitive bidding for scarce articles, it eases the pressure on price ceilings, and hence is an important antiinfiation measure.
Major Canning Crops
A plan for stabilizing the cost of living and at the same time encouraging farmers to produce sufficient quantities of certain foods for military and civilian needs is being tried out with the four major canning crops—tomatoes, peas, sweet corn, and snap beans; Under the new program the growers of these crops
will be assured of a larger return than they received in 1942, but the difference in costs will be absorbed by the Government through purchase of the output of certified processors or canners at prices allowing fixed minimum returns to growers. The Government will then resell a portion of the pack, for civilian consumption, to these canners at a discount, so that higher prices will not be passed on to the consumer.
Thus, farmers will receive more for the four major crops, but the housewife will pay no more for the canned products than she paid last year. In order to benefit from this plan, however, canners will have to prove that they paid farmers the prices fixed by the Government. This is, in effect, a subsidy at the processing level, but it has certain practical advantages over a direct subsidy to farmers.
Drain on Butter
Although very little butter is shipped out of the United States, except for our armed services, there has been a heavy drain on our butter stocks, resulting in widespread local shortages. Butter production last year was more than 2 billion pounds, but men in the armed services eat more butter than civilians ordinarily consume, and these services must maintain reasonable reserves in order to be sure of their supplies. Furthermore, with civilian war incomes up, more people have been eating larger amounts of butter, and they have been consuming more evaporated milk, ice cream and some of the dairy products—all of them made from fluid milk, thus cutting into butter manufacture. In 1943, we’ll get less butter than usual—an average of about a quarter of a pound per week per person, which is far greater than the butter allowance in any part of Europe.
American foods sent to our allies are much less in volume than must be set aside for the use of our own armed forces, but they are of immense value to Allied fighters of the countries where there are severe food shortages. One of these is Russia, which lost huge areas of its best farm lands to the Nazis.
Food for Russia
Since the start of our aid to the Soviet Union in October 1941, the United States has transferred to the U. S. S. R. supplies which cost more than a billion dollars—almost all of them of a military character. From now on, however, food shipments to the Soviet are expected to be larger than Lend-Lease food deliveries to all other parts of the world combined, including the United Kingdom.
166
★ VICTORY ★
Lebruary 10, 1943
The War Last Week . . .
Eisenhower Is Commander in Chief
Of Entire African Theater
Allies Drive East Through Central Tunisia, Down
Fifty-two Axis Planes Over East Coast Port
With the appointment of Lt. Gen. Dwight Eisenhower as Commanding General of the African theater, the Allies established a unified command for that entire theater of operations. This long-awaited move puts General Eisenhower in charge of all forces in Tunisia, Morocco and Algiers, as supreme commander of the Allies’ offensive against the Axis in the Mediterranean area.
Earlier in the week, Allied headquarters announced the new commanding general of the U. S. Army in the European theater—Lt. Gen. Frank M. Andrews, who takes over the post formerly held by General Eisenhower. In assuming his new command, General Andrews said he plans all-out intensification of air warfare in Europe and will build up bomber forces in that theater as fast as the formation of new units and shipping will permit.
The United States’ most brilliant aerial victory of the week occurred Thursday, February 4, over Gabes and other sectors of the Tunisian frbnt. American planes, in a series of fierce battles, brought down 26 enemy planes and damaged 26 more, with a reported loss of 10 Allied craft. The next day, however, four of the missing planes returned to base and the pilots of two others were found to be safe.
East Coast Ports Bombed
All week Allied bombers have been bombing the east coast ports, attacking docks, airfields, supply roads, airdromes, and other enemy targets in central and northern Tunisia, evidently preparing for the drive of ground forces to the east. Already, two powerful American columns are pushing their way toward Maknassy, strategic town in central Tunisia, in an effort to close the trap into which the British Eighth Army is herding the Afrika Korps. If the Allies can take Maknassy and press on 34 miles to Graiba, which controls the coastal road between Sfax and Gabes, they will have cut off Rommel’s avenue of escape into the Tunis-Bizerte area for a juncture with the main Axis forces there.
These two columns, driving on Mak
nassy from the northwest and the southwest, have made considerable gains. The northern column, striking from the area of Sidi Bou Zid, 29 miles from Maknassy, progressed without “exceptionally heavy” opposition, attacking enemy positions at Paid, an important mountain pass in central Tunisia where the Ger-, mans control a high ridge running north and south and extending almost to Maknassy. The second column, striking eastward and north from Fafsa, met heavy air and artillery resistance at Sened, 22 miles southwest of Maknassy, but passed that station and dug into positions about a mile east.
Lighting in Tunisia Concentrated
Tunisia is about the same size as New York State, but the fighting is now pretty well concentrated in the eastern half, all the way up and down the coast from the Mareth Line, which stretches 60 miles into the desert in lower Tunisia, to the Tunis-Bizerte triangle in the extreme northeastern corner. According to Secretary of War Stimson, British and American planes are already using Axis-made airfields at Tripoli to carry out around-the-clock raids against Rommel’s retreating columns and on Axis shipping in the Mediterranean. The* land fighting in Tunisia, he said, appears to be growing in scope but has not yet reached anything like the proportions of a major battle.
Since the start of the North African campaign on November 8 and up to January 30, the 12th Air Force has destroyed 258 Axis planes and damaged 192, with American plane losses—including those of the Lafayette Escadrille, attached to the 12th Air Force—totaling only 124. This figure, of course, does not include the Axis planes destroyed or damaged in Thursday’s action over Gabes. In the same period, the 12th USAAF has sunk 13 Axis ships, severely damaged 7, and damaged 34 others.
Battle of the Solomons
The Japanese “major effort” to regain control of the entire Solomons area, announced February 3 by the Navy, con
tinues as a series of air and surface engagements between U. S. and Japanese forces. Characterizing this activity as a process of “feeling out” by both sides— preliminary actions involving “reconnaissance in force”—Secretary of the Navy Knox said there has been no major clash yet, but added that preliminary moves of this kind ordinarily precede an engagement of some size and indicate that the Japanese are getting ready to press for their objective.
Both U. S. and Japanese forces have suffered losses, but these were described by Mr. Knox as “moderate.” Previously the Navy admitted some loss, and said that the military situation did not permit publication of more details at this time.
As for Guadalcanal, Mr. Knox, who has just returned from a three weeks’ trip to the South Pacific, said that substantially all organized resistance by Japanese ground forces on the Island has been cleaned up and American forcés now completely dominate the Guadalcanal area. Only a small portion of the Island is involved as the theater of operations. Mr. Knox said it comprised only about 2% percent of the total area and is in the region around Henderson Field. Continuing their advance along the northwest coast, U. S. troops have crossed the Bonegi River, one-half mile east of Tassfaronga and about 10 miles west of Henderson Field, and occupied elevated positions west of the river. Almost 100 Japanese were killed in these encounters. The enemy during the week subjected our positions on the Island to repeated bombing attacks, but inflicted no serious damage.
South Pacific
Continuously Bombed
General MacArthur’s new method of warfare in the South Pacific—“the continuous, calculated application of air power”—is still being thrown against the enemy at Rabaul on New Britain Island, where the Japanese have been concentrating ships, at Munda, the Japanese stronghold on New Georgia Island, at Buin on Bougainville Island, where the enemy has constructed airfields and dromes, in the Shortland Islands, the Solomons and New Guinea—everywhere Japanese shipping, supplies and defenses could be damaged or destroyed.
On Saturday (February 6)—in a series of shattering attacks on an 1,800-mile front covering the entire Australian zone—Allied planes, including a new Dutch squadron, sank or damaged six Japanese ships and started fires visible 100 miles.
February 10, 1943
★ VICTORY ★
767
The President Last Week , • ,
President Requests Review of Fair
Employment Practice Committee
Approves Nisei Combat Team; Sends China Treaty to Senate
For Ratification; Asks 4 Billion Dollars More for Navy
The White House, after releasing the news of the President’s visit to Trinidad on his way home from Brazil, issued a brief statement late January 31 announcing that the President had returned to Washington.
February 1
Sent the Senate a communication withdrawing the nomination of Edward J. Flynn to. be Minister to Australia. The President’s message said that the action was “at the request of Mr. Flynn.” No new nominee was mentioned to fill the post.
Sent the Senate a list of judicial nominations: Stephen S. Chandler, Jr., to be U. S. District Judge for the western district of Oklahoma; J. Frank Laughlin to be Federal District Judge for Hawaii; Charles D. Lawrence to fill a position on the U. S. Customs Court bench; S. Saxon Daniel to be U. S. District Attorney for Georgia.
Issued a proclamation extending to the United Kingdom the privilege of jurisdiction over war prizes captured in or brought into territorial waters of the United States. This is a reciprocal arrangement. Earlier the United Kingdom had granted the United States a similar privilege covering territorial waters of the United Kingdom and Sierra Leone.
Sent to the Senate for ratification the new treaty between the U. S. and China, providing for relinquishment of American extraterritorial rights in China.' In submitting the treaty and a supplemental exchange of notes, the President said the action was “in line with the expressed desires of the Government and the people of the United States.”
Japs in U. S. Forces
Gave his “full approval” to the War Department’s proposal to organize a combat team of loyal American citizens of Japanese descent. In a letter to War Secretary Stimson, Mr. Roosevelt called this proposal a natural and logical step toward the reinstitution of the Selective Service procedures which were tem
porarily disrupted by the evacuation from the West Coast. Pointing out that there are already almost five thousand loyal Americans of Japanese ancestry serving in the armed forces of this country, the President said “Americanism is not, and never was, a matter of race or ancestry ... a good American is one who is loyal to this country and to our creed of liberty and democracy.”
February 2
Sent a letter of sympathy to Brazil’s President Getulio Vargas, whose son died of infantile paralysis. The two Presidents conferred when Mr. Roosevelt was returning from Casablanca.
February 3
Announced that he had requested WMC Chairman McNutt to consult with members of the Fair Employment Practice Committee and with leaders of groups opposing discrimination in war employment, with the aim of revising and strengthening the scope and powers of the Committee. For nearly two years, the Fair Employment Practice¹ Committee and its executive director have performed excellent' service in placing workers in war jobs, the White House announcement said, but have been handicapped by the fact that the members of the Committee were working oh a part-time voluntary basis and did not have powers or personnel commensurate with their responsibilities. The President thought it advisable to review the situation, and “when the machinery has been established to meet the problem,” the hearings in the railroad case and in any other cases which may have been temporarily postponed will be continued.
Decorates Gen. Vandegrift
February 4
Appointed as his Naval Aide Rear Admiral Wilson Brown, Commandant of the First Naval District at Boston, to succeed Captain John L. McCrea, who will take command of one of the biggest and most powerful ships in the American Navy.
Decorated Maj. Gen. Alexander A. Vandegrift of the Marine Corps with the Congressional Medal of Honor for his brilliant record in commanding United States forces on Guadalcanal from last August 7 to December 9. General Vandegrift became the first Marine in this war to receive both the Navy Cross and the Congressional Medal. He was awarded the Navy decoration last October on Guadalcanal by Admiral Chester A. Nimitz, Pacific Fleet Commander.
Presented to Congress a report of the 1942 operations of the Federal Works Agency, Work Projects Administration, under funds appropriated by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Acts, fiscal years 1942 and 1943—a report supplemental to the portion presented to Congress on January 11.
February 5
Asked Congress for an additional 4 billion dollars in cash and 210 million dollars in contract authorizations for the Navy. In a letter to the House, he also asked an increase of 562 million dollars in the amount of 1942 appropriations up to and including June 30, 1943. This 560 million dollars was previously allocated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1942, but the money was not spent or obligated. This allotment, relating entirely to aviation, brings to $1,630,000,000 the amount brought forward from the 1942 books for aviation.
DAVIS TO BROADCAST
OWI Director Elmer Davis said last week that he will start regular weekly 15 minute broadcasts on the war situation at home and abroad, as soon as arrangements with the radio networks, now under consideration, are worked out.
Mr. Davis’ weekly round-up will be broadcast on Friday evenings at 10:45 EWT over the NBC, CBS, and Blue Networks. The 15-minute program will be rebroadcast by the Mutual Broadcasting System at 3 p. m. on Sunday afternoons for the benefit of night-shift workers and others who are unable to hear the broadcast on Friday night.
The date of the first broadcast will be announced in a few days.
Mr. Davis said the broadcasts will be a survey of the week intended to place developments in perspective and try to give people a clear understanding of what is being done and why. News that has not previously been made available will not be included.
168
★ VICTORY ★
February 10, 1943
The Congress Last Week , , .
Congress Warns Income Tax Due
March 15 Must Be Paid
Rules Committee Approves Resolutions for Several New Investigations of Executive Departments and Agencies
February 3, the House
Thè House Rules Committee approved a bill authorizing merger of the Western Union and Postal Telegraph Cos., approved a resolution continuing for 2 years the Dies Committee to Investigate Unamerican Activities, and by a majority vote approved a resolution to set up a committee of five members to investigate any agency of the Government.
The House Committee on World War Veterans’ legislation voted unanimously in favor of a bill to provide for rehabilitation of disabled veterans under the Veterans’ Administration.
February 4, the Senate
Transferred from the Education and Labor Committee to the Military Affairs Committee the Pepper-Kilgore manpower bill; Vice President Wallace appointed Senator Scrugham to the Special Senate Committee investigating small business.
February 4, t^e House
The Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce favorably reported to the House legislation’ extending the Civil Aeronautics Authority pilot training program to military and naval personnel on active duty. This training is now confined by law to civilian pilots.
February 5, the House
Tentatively voted to stop silver purchases by the Treasury, by adopting a preliminary amendment to the Treasury-Post Office supply bill which would prohibit use of any Treasury funds during the 1944 fiscal year for the purchase of silver under the 1934 and 1939 Silver Purchase Acts.
UNIFORM MARKINGS ON AIR-RAID VEHICLES
A uniform system of identification for emergency vehicles permitted to operate during periods of real or practice airraid alarm was announced last week by Director Landis, OCD. Use of the uniform markings, recommended in all
States, will be mandatory in the Eastern Defense Command after the new airraid regulations go into effect February 17,1943.
The primary means of identification for such vehicles will be a triangular white pennant on which is the Civilian Defense basic “CD” insigne in red.
Volunteers Needed
For Home Front Work
OCD Launches Advertising Campaign to Inform Public
“You and the War,” a pamphlet to help civilians find their way into the war service and protective programs of their communities, has been issued by the Office of Civilian Defense in connection with the Nation-wide campaign for volunteers.
The 32-page illustrated pamphlet, indexes more than 100 occupations and skills of particular value to civilian defense organizations, and is available through State and local Defense Councils, regional offices of the OCD and more than 300 national magazines.
The drive to make “every civilian a fighter” opened with the current issues of 300 magazines, which have donated space for a series of full-page advertisements calling attention to the need for civilian participation in home-front activities.
Fields Open
New volunteers are to be recruited for work as Block Leaders and in such fields as salvage, conservation, nutrition, agriculture, transportation, day care of children, housing, health and hospital services and to replace men and women in the air-raid-protection services who have gone to war or taken war production jobs too strenuous to permit their further participation.
Organized labor is also contributing to the campaign. The International Typographical Union, the International Photo Engravers Union of North America, and the International Stereotypers and Electrotypers Union have volunteered the services of their members for the production work.
Prospective volunteers are directed to their local civilian defense councils. They are told that either by writing to their magazines or by going to the councils they can receive a copy of a pamphlet.
February 1, the Senate
Received the withdrawal of the Flynn nomination, and received for ratification the treaty with China abolishing U. S. extraterritorial rights. The Judiciary Committee approved the nomination of Wiley Blount Rutledge, Jr., to the U. S. Supreme . Court. The Military Affairs Committee approved 14 nominations to War Manpower Commission posts. The Senate approved the nomination of Josh Lee to the Civil Aeronautics Board.
February 1, the House
The Rules Committee approved the resolution increasing the investigative powers of the Appropriations Committee. This resolution would‘authorize the committee to conduct investigations “of any executive department or other executive agency.”
February 2, the Senate
The Education and Labor Committee approved a resolution for the investigation of manpower and related problems.
February 2, the House
Approved a bill authorizing $210,000,-000 for the construction of floating drydocks. Approved a combined Treasury-Post Office appropriations bill for fiscal year ending June 30, 1944, calling for expenditures of $1,202,007,320—$113,-889,392 less than the appropriation for the two departments, 1943 fiscal year.
The Senate Finance Committee and the House Ways and Means Committee in a formal statement warned the public that the first quarterly installment on 1942 income taxes must be paid March 15 regardless of proposed changes in the Internal Revenue law. The statement said that Congress is seriously considering ways to put individual income taxes on a current basis, but cannot develop such legislation prior to Marc> 15.
February 3, the Senate
The Senate Military Affairs Committee approved a bill to give members of the WAAC the same privileges and rights as members of the regular military establishment.
"February 10, 1943
* VICTORY ★
169
The War and Business . . ,
MUNITIONS GAIN 14 PERCENT
Shipyards Make Nbw Record, Oil Reserves Decline
The true achievement of American Industry at war was revealed last week when Donald Nelson, chairman of the War Production Board, issued his monthly progress report for December. Output of munitions in the month rose 14 percent above November, attaining a level nearly five times that of November 1941, the month before Pearl Harbor.
Despite all obstacles, the volume of planes, tanks, guns and ships turned out by U. S. factories in December was the greatest ever produced in 1 month. And December’s 14 percent gain was the greatest for any one month.
While a part of this remarkable rise resulted from a year-end drive to clear up odds and ends, two other reports of last week indicated that the industrial pace did not slacken as we moved into 1943.
1. An all-time monthly record for steel-plate production was established in January when 1,135,413 tons of plates were shipped by the Nation’s steel mills.
2. For the second consecutive month American shipyards added more than a million tons of shipping to the Victory Fleet, with delivery of 106 vessels totaling approximately 1,008,400 deadweight tons in January.
Industry
Busy meeting the huge requirements of total war, the U. S. oil industry did not carry forward the normally extensive new exploration operations last year. Consequently new discoveries again fell far short of actual consumption, Petroleum Administrator for War Ickes announced last week.
Though not immediately alarming, this means that the Nation is depleting its known .oil reserve during a period of life and death struggle. Long sustained, such a trend could be serious for the industry and the Nation.
Meanwhile, the immediately critical fuel shortage on the East Coast, entirely a transportation problem, prompted two new developments last week:
OPA reduced by about 11 percent the unit value of fuel oil ration coupons for Heating Period Four in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York
(except the Adirondack region), New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, cutting the supply available to householders and other consumers.
The Defense Plant Corporation authorized contracts for conversion of 100 railroad box cars for the transportation of fuel oil and petroleum products to the eastern seaboard area.
Prices
During war, when demand exceeds supply of most things, a constant alert is necessary to keep price pressures equalized so that business costs, essential production and distribution maintain a balance. Inevitable “squeezes” compel frequent adjustments.
Americans will be introduced to point rationing on March 1 when canned, bottled and frozen fruits and vegetables will be distributed through this system, it was announced last week. Retail sales of the foods to be rationed will be suspended at the close of business February 20, and registration of the entire civilian population for War Ration Book 2 will be conducted the following week.
Another evidence of the tightening domestic food picture was the announcement last week that the next coffee ration will be reduced from one pound every 5 weeks to one pound every 6 weeks, necessitated by shrinking coffee inventories.
WHERE THERE'S SMOKE,THERE'S-
170
★ VICTORY ★
February 10, 1943
War Production . ,
Nelson Asserts Rubber Program Is Vital
Explains 55 Percent Buna-S Product Needed to Preserve Stockpile for United Nations
Insisting that the five programs designated as “must programs” are of equal importance, WPB Chairman Donald M. Nelson said last week that the granting of priorities of 55 percent of the Buna-S synthetic rubber program was necessitated by the fact that there was danger that the rubber stockpile in this country, from which the United Nations are supplied, would have been exhausted by next October or November. A question of war strategy was involved in the decision, he said, which was finally resolved by the highest authority.
Mr. Nelson said that his purpose was to secure the completion of plants by mid-July with an annual capacity of over 400,000 tons of Buna-S rubber. He said that other plants to produce syn-‘ thetic rubber from other sources will be coming along in the mean time.
Confiscation No Solution
Besides rubber, the four other “must programs” include naval escort vessels, warplane 100 octane gas, merchant ships and airplanes. None of these, he said, will be sacrificed in the least by the building of synthetic rubber plants. He also disposed of the contention that drastic saving of rubber through curtailment of the use of passenger autos, or even confiscation of several million of them, would have solved the rubber problem facing the. United Nations. At most, he said, the priorities given to the rubber plants would delay other components of the “must programs” but not more than 1 or 2 months.
“Not even a King Solomon can choose between these programs,” Mr. Nelson said. “We chose rubber first because it had the components scheduled in more orderly fashion. Second, rubber seemed to me to be something we had to assure for this economy. Without new sources, our stockpile would dwindle. The supply of natural rubber is diminishing to the vanishing point.”
The decision with regard to the synthetic rubber program was appealed to the White House by the Army and Navy. Economic Stabilization Director James F. Byrnes sustained the directive of the WPB chairman.
Critical Orders Due
Ralph J. Cordinef, Director General for War Production Scheduling, last week reaffirmed instructions that second-half-year orders for critical common components needed in the first half of the year must be placed by February 6, and that second-half orders must be placed by March 1.
This requirement is part of the broad plan to break component bottlenecks by improved scheduling. The orders must appear on manufacturers’ books' promptly so that the total picture—on which scheduling is based—can be made clear.
Contractors who have insufficient authorizations for their orders yet unplaced, may place them on an “as if” basis, and they will receive prompt consideration, Mr.Cordiner explained.
Mr. Cordiner said, “On January 20, Charles E. Wilson, WPB Production Vice Chairman, addressed a letter to the 14 claimant agencies, such as the War and Navy Departments and the Lend-Lease Administration, which pointed out that orders were not being placed adequately for a list of critical items used in the manufacture of planes, ships, tanks, guns and other war matériel.
Deadlines Confirmed
“The agencies were informed that orders for common critical components required for manufacture during the first half of 1943 should be placed by February 6, and that orders for critical parts which will be required during the second half of the year should be placed by March 1.
“This meant that the procurement agencies had to act immediately in order
that primary contractors and subcontractors would be able to complete their ordering for the first half of the year before next Saturday. The February 6 and March 1 deadlines are hereby confirmed.
“Orders that are placed after these deadlines will receive every consideration. However, manufacturing schedules will be established on the basis of orders received on the specified dates. Later orders will be fitted to these schedules up to the limit of manufacturing capacity.”
SMALL PLANTS GAIN
The extent to which small and often idle companies may be made to fit into a large industrial pattern for the production of critical items is. indicated in the achievements, through subcontracting, of two industries, the WPB has announced.
In carrying out a contract for the production of approximately 10,000 aircraft starters per month, the American Type Founders subcontracted to a total of 46 companies, most of which were small. Because of the large quantities involved and the nature of the machine tools required to produce in that volume, it was necessary to subcontract certain parts to large companies. However, contracts for most of the parts went to small companies.
The 46 companies do not include those providing materials, castings or forgings, all of which were placed with small companies, nor do they include any tooling, much of which is done by the subcontractors themselves.
What Did You Do Today for Freedom?
February 10, 1943
★ VICTORY ★
171
Industry Advisory Committees Appointed
WPB Announces Appointments For Week Ending February 6
The Director of Industry Advisory Committees, War Production Board, announced formation of the following industry advisory committees during the past week:
Book, Writing, and Groundwood Paper
Government presiding officer—Charles W. Boyce.
Members:
Guy H. Beckett, The Beckett Paper Co., Hamilton, Ohio; Ralph M. Beckwith, Crocker, Burbank & Co., Fitchburg, Mass.; Clarence A. Clough, New York & Penna. Co., Inc., New York, N. Y.; Fred W. Cole, Fraser Industries, Inc., New York, N. Y.; Stuart B. Copeland, The Northwest Paper Co., Cloquet, Minn.; Dwight R.^Curtenius, Allied Paper Mills, Kalamazoo, Mich.; Hugo H. Hanson, W. C. Hamilton & Sons, Inc., Miquon, Pa.; Walter Ä. Mead, Consolidated Water Power & Paper Co., Chicago, Ill.; John R. Miller, West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co., New York, N. Y.; W. B. Zimmerman, Howard Allied Paper Co., Franklin, Ohio.
Card Clothing
Government presiding officer—Clifton E. Watson.
'W
Members:
R. C. Ashworth, Jr., president, Ashworth Brothers, Inc., Fall River, Mass.; H. C. Coley, president, Howard Brothers Mfg. Co., Worcester, Mass.; F. W. Hale, sales manager, Wickwire Spencer Steel Co., 500 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y.; Parley C. Patten, treasurer, The Standard Card Clothing Co., Stafford Springs, Conn.; Fred C. Redman, Redman Card Clothing Co;, Lowell, Mass,; Robert S. Rockwell, Merrimack Manufacturing Co., Andover, Mass.; Samuel F. Rockwell, president, Davis & Furber Machine Co., North Andoyer, Mass.; J. Sherlock, Methuen Napper Clothing Co., Methuen, Mass.; E. A. Snape, Jr., vice president, Benjamin Booth Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; R. G. Spratt, president, Charlotte Manufacturing Co., Charlotte, N. O.
Fixed Capacitors
Government presiding officer—E. R.
Crane.. »
Members:
Octove Blake, Cornell-Dubilier Elec. Corporation, South Plainfield, N. J.; Monte¹ Cohen, F. W. Sickles Co., Springfield Mass.; S. I. Cole, Aerovox Corporation, New Bedford, Mass.; Wm. S. Franklin, John E. Fast & Co,, Chicago, Ill.; Paul Hetenyi, Solar Manufacturing Corporation, Bayonne, N. J.; Gordon Peck, P. R. Mallory & Co., Indianapolis, Ind,; F. X. Rettenmeyer, RCA Manufacturing Co., Inc., Camden, N. J.; R. C. Sprague, Sprague Specialties Co., North Adams, Mass.
Wrapping Paper
Government presiding officer—Charles W. Boyce.
Members: ’
William Anders, Nashua River Paper Co.,
E. Pepperell, Mass.; Paul Bachman, Riegel Paper Corporation, New York, N. Y.; John R. Diggs, Mosinee Paper Mills Co., Mosinee, Wis.; Willard Dixon, St. Regis Paper Co., Harrisville, N. Y.; Elmer Jennings, Thilmany Pulp and Paper Co., Kaukauna, Wis.; J. L. Madden, Hollingsworth & Whitney, Madison, Maine; Neal Nash, Nekoosa Edwards Paper Co., Nekoosa, Wis.; Robert F. Nelson, Glassine Paper Co., West Conshohocken, Pa.; H. O. Nichols, Crown-Zellerbach, New York, N. Y.; A. Southon, Kalamazoo Vegetable Parchment Co., Kalamazoo, Mich.; George Stuhr, International Paper Co., New York, N. Y.; H. R. Telfer, Detroit Sulphite Pulp and Paper Co., Detroit, Mich.
Portland Cement
Government presiding officer—Francis
A. McAdam.
Members:
W. A. Wecker, Marquette Cement Mfg, Co., Chicago, Ill.; Coy Burnett, Monolith Portland Cement Co., Los Angeles, Calif.; G. H. Reiter, Universal Atlas Cement Co.. New York, N. Y.; F. M. Coogan, Alpha Portland Cement Co,, Easton, Pa.^H. O. Warner, Colorado Portland Cement Co., Denver. Colo.; J. F. Neylan, Lone Star Cement Corporation, New York, N. Y.; Frank E. Tyler, Dewey Portland Cement. Co., Kansas City, Mo.; E. S. Gubernator, Lehigh Portland Cement Co., Allentown, Pa.; D. S. Browder, Pennsylvania-Dixie Cement Corporation, New York, N. Y.; Geo. W. Cole, Medusa Portland Cement Co., Cleveland, Ohio; J. B. Johnson, Trinity Portland Cement Co., Chicago, Ill.; Frank A. Sweeney, National Portland Cement Co., New York, N. Y.
Lighting Fixture Ballasts And Transformers
Government presiding officer—A. A. Overbagh.
Members:
P. M. Staehle, General Electric Co., Fort Wayne, Ind.; W. F. White, Westinghouse Elec. & Mfg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio; Len Marshall, Sola Electric Co., Chicago, Ill.; A. S. Slepian, Wheeler Insulated Wire Co., Bridgeport, Conn.; James A. Bennan, Jefferson Electric Co., Bellwood, Ill.; J. M. Comstock, Acme Electric and Mfg. Co., Cuba, N. Y.; L. G. Mickles, National Transformer Corporation, Paterson, N. J.
Talc
Government presiding officer.—R. D.
Parks.
Members:
Ferris Booth, Sierra Talc Corporation, Los Angeles, Calif.; J. P. Callahan, International Pulp Co., New York, N. Y.; Floyd F. Farrar, Cohutta Talc Co., Dalton, Ga.; Henry Hanna, Clinchfield Sand & Feldspar Co., Baltimore, Md.; Eugene W. Magnus, Eastern Magnesia Talc Co., Burlington, Vt.; Robert Pennock, Loomis Talc Corporation, Gouverneur, N. Y.; Walter Skeoch, Southern California Minerals Co., Los Angeles, Calif.
Waxes and Polishes
Government presiding officer.—Wells Martin.
Members: ■
J. R. Ramsey, S. C. Johnson & Son, Racine, Wis.; H. E. Reinhardt, Jr., Am. Home Products Co;, Jersey City, N. J.; H. T. Hawthorne, SöCony-Vacuum Oil Co., New York, N. Y.; Stephen Corboy, The Simonize Corporation, Chicago, Hl.; W. A. Dolan, Thp Wilbert Products Co., New York, N. Y.; C. R. Ely, R. M. Hollingshead Corporation, Camden, N. Jr; Wm. F. Polnow, Vestal Chem. Laboratories, Inc., St. Louis, Mo.
First CMP Allotments Made on Schedule
Claimants Get Materials
For Second Quarter
The first allotments of steel, copper, and aluminum under CMP were made exactly on schedule last week to the 14 claimant agencies for delivery to war producers during the second quarter of this year.
WPB Chairman Nelson said that the allotments provide for balanced production programs and that total requirements were kept within supplies available.
“Full provision has been made in the allotments for the ‘must’ programs—synthetic rubber, high-octane gasoline, aviation, army material, merchant and naval shipping, and escort vessels—as they currently stand,” he said. “Less essential programs have been cut to the bone.”
WPB Vice Chairman Eberstadt, also chairman of the Requirements Committee which determines the allotments, said that total available supply of critical material and the degree of essentiality of each program were the two criteria for the allotments. While refraining for reasons -of military security from revealing amounts of critical materials distributed to various claimants, he disclosed that “the materials pie that was cut into 14 pieces comprised 17,000,000 tons of steel products, of which some 15,000,000 tons was carbon steel and some 2,000,000 tons was alloy steel; some 600,000 tons of copper, and about 600,000,000 pounds of aluminum.”
MINERALS AND METALS SUPPLY COORDINATED
Plans to coordinate and correlate the broad programs of all governmental agencies for increasing the supply of essential minerals and metals were announced last week by WPB Chairman Nelson.
Mineral Resources Coordinating Division has been established, and will be aided by a Mineral Resources Operating Committee and a Minerals and Metals Advisory Committee. Howard Young, president of the American Zinc, Lead and Smelting Co., was appointed director of the new division and to act as chairman of the two committees.
Minerals and Metals Advisory Committee comprises representatives of all the major governmental agencies -concerned with the production of ore.
172
* VICTORY &
February 10, 1943
Plan in Effect to Inspect Die Castings WPB Will Certify Plants to The Armed Services
A certification, plan in the die-casting industry went into effect last week. It provides, a method whereby metal used in high quality zinc and aluminum die castings of ammunition components— such as bomb and shell fuses—and other critical parts will be subjected to rigid inspection.
Spectrographic and X-ray eye inspection of special quality zinc die castings is required under the WPB certification plan. Spectrographic analysis of zinc die castings is needed to assure the purity of the chemical composition of zinc alloys employed. The presence of certain impurities, such as lead or tin, in quantities of even thousands of one percent may cause the castings to fall apart. As little as a handful of lead will spoil a carload of zinc used for special quality die castings. Aluminum die castings do not require spectrographic inspection.
Some of the inspection requirements for special quality zinc and aluminum die castings are included in “superior specifications,” developed by the American Society for Testing Material and approved in December by the die casting industry advisory committee.
Through Harvey A. Anderson, deputy director of the conservation division, and Government presiding officer of the die casting industry advisory committee, the die casting industry has been informed that requests for certification would now be received for appropriate inspection and action.
WPB to Inspect Plants
Any die casting company which so desires may request certification directly of the WPB conservation division. With this request, the die caster submits evidence of his ability to meet certification requirements. His plan will then be inspected by a competent committee which will determine the plant’s ability to produce safe, high quality zinc or aluminum die castings. Because more latitude in composition is permissible in the case of aluminum die castings, zinc and aluminum will be certified separately.
Any die casting company which evidences willingness and ability to meet WBP requirements will be certified to the armed services as a producer of special quality zinc and/or aluminum die casting.
PLASTICS MOLDING MACHINERY ALLOCATED
To make certain that plastics molding machinery is made available for the most essential purposes without excessive manufacture of new machines, such machinery was placed under allocation by the WPB through the issuance of Allocation Order L-159, which replaces General Limitation Order D-159.
The new order provides that no one may deliver or accept delivery of plastics molding machinery except as specifically authorized by the Director General, nor may anyone manufacture or assemble such machinery except in fulfillment of orders previously authorized for delivery by the Director General. Restrictions also are extended to intracompany deliveries.
With two exceptions, no one is allowed to accept delivery of maintenance or repair parts for plastics molding machinery without specific authorization. The first exception applies to an actual breakdown, where the required parts are not available in inventory; the second to the acquisition of parts for maintenance of a minimum practicable working inventory.
For the purposes of the order, plastics molding machinery means new or used machinery of the following kinds: plastic injection molding presses; plastic compression molding presses, hydraulic, automatic, mechanical; plastic extrusion molding presses; plastic preforming presses; plastic laminating presses; plastic tube and rod molding presses; and plastic tube rolling machines. Limitation Order L-83 controls plastic-bonded veneer presses.
JANUARY OUTPUT SETS STEEL PLATE RECORD
An all-time monthly record for steel plate production was established in January, when 1,135,413 net tons of plates were shipped, Hiland G. Batcheller, director of the WPB steel division, announced last week. The previous record was set last July, when 1,124,118 net tons were shipped.
“Both management and labor are to be congratulated on last month’s plate production,” Mr. Batcheller said. “The tremendous strides made in increasing the supply of this highly important steel product may be seen by comparison with the shipment figure of 754,522 net tons in January 1942.”
Procedure Revised for Small Construction
Blanket Authorization for Work Under $10,000
A revision of procedure to be followed by operators of office or loft buildings, apartment houses, hotels, industrial plants and other substantial buildings in filing a single application for blanket authorization to cover small miscellaneous construction work for a period up to 6 months became effective last week.
Under the new plan all miscellaneous construction jobs, except those estimated to cost $10,000 or more, may be included in a single application for blanket authorization. The previous limit was $5,000. A separate PD-200 application must be submitted for each structure or project estimated to cost $10,000 or more for which authority to begin construction is required. The revised procedure also provides* for the filing of all applications covering miscellaneous construction jobs, not requiring priority assistance, with the WPB construction division, Empire State Building, New York City. Applications covering miscellaneous industrial construction jobs requiring priority assistance must be filed'with the War Production Board, Washington, D. C.
WOOD AS SUBSTITUTE FOR STEEL DISCUSSED
More efficient use of available woods as a substitute for iron and steel in truck and trailer construction was discussed by the Body Manufacturers Industry Advisory Committee at a meeting with officials of WPB’s Automotive Division and other Government officials.
Committee members reported that the industry is eager to use all possible conservation measures in its operations and, as one member put it, wants “to get more mileage out of a log.” * •
Various types of plywoods were considered as possible substitutes for iron and steel. Softwood plywoods bonded with phenolic resins cannot be counted on, the Committee was informed, because these resins are needed for more urgent war uses. Moreover, the supply of softwood plywoods is critical. A number of methods for using hardwood plywoods was discussed, and it was suggested that certain types of hardwood plywoods made with urea resins should be considered by the Industry. Gumwood plywood, it was pointed out, is available in reasonable quantities.
February 10, 1943
* VICTORY ★
173
War Manpower . , .
DEFERMENT ENDS APRIL 1 FOR
CERTAIN NON-WAR JOBS
Men of Draft Age in 65 Occupations Must Seek War Work
Or Be Classed in 1—A Regardless of Dependency Status
The mere fact that a man is married and has children is no longer sufficient reason for his continued deferment from military service, Chairman McNutt of the War Manpower Commission announced last week.
To deserve deferment, a man must be doing something to help the Nation’s war effort, Chairman McNutt told reporters at his weekly press conference.
The Selective Service Bureau of WMC the same day issued an announcement that men of fighting age in 65 occupations were being given until April to get a war job or face immediate induction.
Nondeferable Jobs
The list of nondeferable jobs prepared by Selective Service included all occupations in the following activities:
MANUFACTURING: Curtains, draperies, and bedspreads; pleating, stitching, tucking, and embroidering; trimmings, stamped art goods, and art needlework; cut, beveled, and etched glass; cutware; glass novelties; mosaic glass; stained, leaded, ornamented, and decorated glass; jewelers’ fixings and materials; jewelry; lapidary work; ornamental gold and silver leaf and foil (non-industrial); silverware and plated ware (non-industrial); costume jewelry and novelties; decorative feathers, plumes, and artificial flowers; frames, mirror and picture; greeting cards and picture post cards; jewelry cases; signs and advertising displays.
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE: Antiques; beer, wines, and liquors; custom tailors and furriers; candy, confectionery, and nuts; florists; jewelry; novelties; tobacco.
SERVICE: Automobile rental service; Dance, music, theatrical and art studios and schools; gambling; interior decorating; night clubs; parking lots; photographic studios; turkish baths, massage parlors, clothing rental, porter service, and social-escort services.
All the following occupations, regardless of the activity in which they may be found:
Bar cashier, bar boy, bartenders, bath house attendants, beauty operators, bell boys, boot-bjacks, bus boys, butlers, charmen and cleaners, cosmeticians, custom tailors, custom furriers, dancing teachers, dish washers, doormen and starters, elevator operators (passenger and freight, excluding industrial freight elevators related to production), elevator starters (passenger and freight), errand boys (including messengers and office boys).
Fortune tellers (including astrologer, clairvoyant, mediums, mind readers, palmist, etc.), gardeners, greens keepers, grounds keepers, housemen, hairdressers, lavatory attendants, newsboys, night club managers and employees, porters (other than in railway train
service), private chauffeurs, soda dispensers, ushers, valets, waiters (other than those in railway train service).
Unanimous Approval Given
The new and aggressive policy of the War Manpower Commission was adopted with the unanimous approval of both the commission and its national labor-management policy committee. It filled a gap in the manpower policy, a gap which until February 2 had hindered the commission in its efforts to get people in nonessential jobs to transfer to essential work.
The action affects all of the workers in the listed occupations regardless of the size of their families.
“Dependency is an important factor,” McNutt said, “but to justify its acceptance as a ground for deferment, a worker must also be making a contribution to the home front.”
Local Selective Service boards, McNutt said, have been instructed that, beginning April 1943, they shall reconsider the status of all registrants who are known to be engaged in activities or occupations designated as nonde-ferrable by the Chairman of the War Manpower Commission.” This, he said, gives the men affected ample time to transfer to war jobs. Those who fail to do . so will be reclassified into Class 1-A and taken into service as needed.
Single Men First
Chairman McNutt said single men would be taken first, then all others in 1-A before any men were taken from Class 3-A.
“This is the first list—a small, unquestionable list,” he said. “It is not a permanent list. It will be enlarged.”
Mr. McNutt made it plain that the commission’s action was “only the beginning.” He said any person not now in an essential job would be wise to start seeking war work. There are plenty of essential jobs to absorb these workers, he said, and the United States Employment Service is prepared to aid them in gaining essential employment or special training. <
The jobs they are leaving, he declared, can be filled by women and older men.
“Is this the beginning of a get-tough policy on the part of the commission?” a reported asked.
“Call it what you will,” McNutt replied. “I do not so designate it.”
Aid in Getting Jobs
Selective Service announced the following four principles which will be followed in aiding the men in the 65 occupations:
1. Work in the listed activities will not only afford the individual no deferment status but is relatively insecure because more and more unessential activities will have to be curtailed as war production requires more raw materials, labor, transportation facilities, electric power, plant facilities, fuel, public services, and the like.
2. As in all other cases, the worker should advise his local selective board of any change of address or status.
3. Every worker affected by the order should consult with his United States Employment Service office for employment in a war job or for information as to training that will fit him for such a job.
4. Workers must not go to overcrowded defense centers unless the United States Employment Service has arranged a definite job.
McNutt cautioned local Selective Service boards that no activity or occupation should be held nondeferable by them unless it has been formally designated as such by the commission with the approval of the labor-management policy committee. All individual cases, he added, must be considered with common sense. He said the following grounds may be accepted by boards as reasonable excuses for temporary idleness or of being engaged in a nondeferable industry or occupation: (a) Sickness of registrant or in immediate family; (b) physical disqualifications; (c) reasonable vacation; (d) compelling circumstances that would not permit the change of employment without due hardship to the registrant or his dependents.
Hiring Controls
After an intensive study of the employment stabilization plans already in operation, the War Manpower Commission and its national labor-management policy committee last week approved the establishment of hiring controls as soon as possible in all labor shortage areas.
174
* VICTORY ★
February 10, 1943
New Labor Program Holds Workers In Essential Jobs in 32 Areas
Existing Hiring Channels Will Be Employed to Recruit
Labor for War Industries Where Shortage Is Acute
Thirty-two areas in the United States, in which the most intensive recruitment efforts have failed to provide the manpower needed for essential activities, were designated as critical labor shortage areas by Chairman Paul V. McNutt of the War Manpower Commission last week. A labor stabilization program was ordered in these areas “as soon as practicable.” The program includes provisions for the hiring, rehiring and recruiting of workers for specified employments through the United States Employment Service or in accordance with the arrangements of the regional manpower directors.
Areas Affected
This order amounts to a virtual freezing of essential workers in their jobs in the following areas:
Akron, Ohio; Baltimore, Md.; Beaumont, Tex.; Bridgeport, Conn.; Brunswick, Ga.; Buffalo, N. Y.; Charleston, S. C.; Cheyenne, Wyo.; Dayton, Ohio; Detroit, Mich.
Elkton, Md.; Hampton Roads, Va.; Hartford, Conn.; Las Vegas, Nev.; Macon, Ga.; Manitowoc, Wis.; Mobile, Ala.; New Britain, Conn.; Ogden, Utah; Panama City, Fla.; Pascagoula, Miss.; Portland, Oreg.; Portsmouth, N. H.
San Diego, Calif.; Seattle, Wash.; Somerville, N. J.; Springfield, Mass.; Sterling, Ill.; Washington, D. O.; Waterbury, Conn.; Wichita, Kans.
Hiring Controls Established
In setting up the labor stabilization program, Mr. McNutt emphasized that it has become necessary to reduce useless labor turnover in essential activities, to prevent futile migration by encouraging the use of local labor, to direct the flow of scarce labor to employers engaged in essential activities in preference to other employers, and to brihg about the maximum utilization of available manpower resources.
Broad powers were granted to WMC regional directors under Mr. McNutt’s directive, and operating authority in turn was delegated to area directors, so that decisions may be made promptly at the point where manpower problems arise.
Regional directors were ordered to establish hiring controls in areas which have not been designated as labor shortage areas if such action is considered necessary for the prosecution of the war.
Mr. McNutt directed that all existing hiring channels, such as private employers, labor organizations, professional organizations, schools, colleges, universities, technical institutions, as well as Government agencies, shall be used to the maximum degree in carrying out the War Manpower Commission’s order.
High Points of Program
Other high points in the WMC program are:
1. Workers shall be referred to jobs which- will utilize their skills most effectively in the war effort.
2. Priorities shall be accorded to employers engaged in essential activities, in the order of the urgency of their activities.
3. A worker engaged or most recently engaged in an essential activity can be employed only by an employer for work in another essential activity and then only when the worker has obtained a statement of availability issued to him by his previous employer or a designated representative of the War Manpower Commission. In the case of the Federal Government, . “employer” means the United States Civil Service Commission.
4. Workers shall be hired on the basis of occupational skill and shall not be discriminated against because of race, creed, color, or sex.
5. Insofar as it will not interfere with the effective prosecution of the war, no worker shall be obliged to accept or continue in employment which is not suitable.
6. Employers shall not be obliged to keep in their employ workers who are incompetent or violate shop rules or standards of conduct.
Regional and area management— labor committees are instructed to participate in the stabilization program, and to consider questions of policy, standards and safeguards.
The Commission’s action brought into practice authority granted to the commission by the President’s executive order which set up the commission as the agency in authority over the Nation’s manpower.
HELP SAVE LIVES
The ears of ENEMY AGENTS are tuned to get scraps of information about troop movements—ship sailings—war production, which pieced together may cost the lives of American soldiers and sailors. PASTE UP THIS REMINDER WHEREVER CONVERSATIONS MAY BE OVERHEARD BY STRANGERS.
Be sure to ask permission before pasting a reminder on someone else’s property.
The reminder ear also might be mounted on cardboard and made up into table-tents, for restaurants or be placed as decorations on telephone book covers, menus, cigarette cases, calendars, or even used as seals for letters. You can think up other ways to use the ear.
VITAL WAR COMMITTEE TO BE STRENGTHENED
President Roosevelt announced that he had requested WMC Chairman McNutt to consult with members of the Fair Employment Practice Committee and with leaders of groups opposing discrimination in war employment, with the aim of revising and strengthening the scope and powers of the Committee. For nearly 2 years, the White House announcement said, the Fair Employment Practice Committee and its executive director have done an excellent piece of work, placing workers in war jobs. They have been handicapped, however, by the fact that the members of the Committee were working on a part-time voluntary basis, and did not have powers or personnel commensurate with their responsibilities.
February 10, 1943
★ VICTORY ★
173
War Wages and Labor . • .
NRLP Has Jurisdiction Over Rail Wages Subject to Byrnes’ Review Executive Order Directs NWLB and Commissioner of Internal Revenue to Pass on Applications for Wage Increases Now Before Them, Not on Future Requests
An Executive order gave the National Railway Labor Panel jurisdiction over all rail wage and salary disputes, subject to the ultimate authority of Economic Stabilization Director Byrnes. The order specifically directed that the NWLB and the Commissioner of Internal Revenue could pass on wage or salary increase applications now before them, but not on any applications filed in the future, and continued the right of Chairman William M. Leiserson of the Railway Labor Panel to select an emergency group to investigate proposed railroad wage and salary changes. That board would make recommendations to Mr. Roosevelt, filing copies with Mr. Byrnes, the NWLB and the Commissioner of Internal Revenue.
President’s Directive
The directive signed by the President states that no increases in the wage rates or salary of any employee subject to the provisions of the Railway Labor Act, whether granted as a result of voluntary agreement, collective bargaining, conciliation, arbitration, or otherwise, and no decreases in such wage rates or salary, shall be made except in accordance with the provisions of this order; provided, however, that .' . . it shall not be construed as affecting the procedure or limiting the jurisdiction of either the National Mediation Board, as defined in the Railway Labor Act, or the National Railway Labor Panel.
No carrier shall make any change in wage rates, except such changes as by general order of the National War Labor Board, or by regulations of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, are permitted to be made without specific approval . . . unless notice of such proposed change shall have been filed with the Chairman of the National Railway Labor Panel . . . and shall have been permitted to become effective.
. . . The general orders of the National War Labor Board shall be applicable to all employees subject to the Railway Labor Act, except those receiving salaries at the rate of $5,000 or more
per annum in regard to whom the regulations of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue shall apply. But any adjustment of salary under $5,000 heretofore approved by the Commissioner shall not be affected.
Investigating Panel
If the chairman of the National Railway Labor Panel has reason to believe that the proposed change, in wage rates or salary, may not conform to the standards prescribed . . . or to the general stabilization program ... or to the directives on policy issued by the Economic Stabilization ^Director . . . and the proposed change is not modified to conform to such standards, program, and directives, he shall designate three members of the Panel as an Emergency Board to investigate the proposed change and to report to the President.
WAR PLANT STRIKES .REMAIN AT LOW LEVEL
Man-days lost from war production by strikes in December maintained November’s low level of three-one hundredths of 1 percent of total man-days worked, just half the 12-month average of six-one hundredths of 1 percent.
While the number of man-days lost rose from 91,925 in November to 119,572 in December, the number of days worked rose at the same time from 350 million to approximately 385 million. The number of men involved in war production strikes in progress in December was 49,-375, and the number of strikes in progress during the month was 101.
A graphic illustration of the small number of man-days lost through strikes in war industries in 1942 in relation to the number of man-days worked is given on the accompanying chart, released by the Office of War Information. Six man-days were lost in 1942 for every 10,000 days worked. Out of 3,339,000,000 days worked, 2,095,294 days were lost in strikes. There were 1,363 strikes in war industries in progress during the year, involving 569,801 men.
Man-days of idleness due to strikes during the first year of war were onefourth the average for the preceding 5 years of peace.
cs
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o
so
NEW WPB REGULATIONS
[Issued January 30 to February 8 inclusive. Compiled especially for Victory by Field Contact Branch of the War Production Board]
[Inquiries joncerning these listings should be addressed to E. Hamilton Campbell, Chief, Field Service Section, 3204 Building E, Washington, D. C. Telephone: REpublic 7500, Extension 3946]
Federal Issued--- Administrator-
Order No. Modification Title Abstract of priorities action Register PD forms Effective Expires Division Tel. ext.
citation
L-56.......- Amended___ Fueloil___________ Provides that Petroleum Administrator for War may extend, amend, modify, or 8 F. R. 1675 2-5-43 Petroleum Admin- R. E. Allen, Re.
revoke order. istration for War. 18?0, Ext.. 4401.
L-70........ Amended... Motor fuel________ Provides that Petroleum Administrator for War may extend, amend, modify, or 8 F. R. 1678 2-5-43 Petroleum Admin-
Instruments, revoke order. istration for War.
L-134_______ Amended... valves, regula- Removes safety valves from order._______________....___......_____............__ 8 F. R. 1354 1-30-43 General Industrial'
tors. 1820, Ext. 4401.
L-170_______ Amended... Farm machinery, 8 F. R. 1619 2-4-43 E. A. Capelie,
equipment, at- 71992.
tachments, and Makes it possible for farmers to procure needed attachments for machinery manu- Equipment. • G. L. Gillette,
repair parts. factured by producers now having inadequate quotas. Farm Machinery...i 72843.
1-204_______ Communications.. Clarifies intent to include intercommunicatin? “telenhone sets” 1-30-43 Communications L. H. Peebles,
Amended... 8 F. R. 1352 Equipment_______ 1 5638.
1-217........ Schedule II. Portable jaw and Number of sizes of jaw crushers reduced from 63 to 29; roll crushers from 25 to 5.... 8 F. R. 1363 697 1-30-43 Construction Ma- H. L Adams, 74860.
Schedule II, roll crushers. Producers of roll crushers may produce sizes listed in order even though not 2-5-43 chinery.
Amend- actively engaged in-producing those sizes. 8 F. R. 1679
L-237_______ ment I. Woodworking ma- Restricts distribution and production of light power driven tools 8 F. R. 1447 2-2-43 Tools«______________
chinery, light
machine tools. P. Rydings, 3447.
M-29....... Amended... Tungsten. /_______ Excludes contact points from allocation 8 F. R. 1618 2-4-43 Steel ____ _______ W. H. White, 5880.
M-84........ Amended___ Agave fiber prod- Amends restrictions on us© of binder twine, wrapping twine and importation 8F. R. 1443 2-2-43 Textile, Clothing A. R. Howe, 4608.
ucts, certain and Leather. J. W. Byron, 3095.
other cordage. Limits quantities to be put in process in February 1943 to following percentages of 8 F. R. 1354 1-30-43 Textile, Clothing
M-141-c_____ Horsehide_________ basic monthly quotas: Wet salted fronts, 100 percent; butts and shanks, 80 and Leather.
percent.
M-167....... Amended... Capryl alcohol.... Provides for use of PD-600, 601; definition of “producer” excludes those who pro- 600. 601____ 2-6-43 Chemicals ______ R . C . Ruark,
duce for other persons pursuant to toll agreements. 72735. .
M-196....... Amended... (Soluble nitrocellu- ^Places monthly deliveries over 232 pounds under allocation ____________________ 8 F. R. 1581 601____ J 2-3-43 !........... Chemicals ______ G. H. Peters, 74670.
\ lose. Provides for use of PD-600, 6001; Para, (b) (3) changed to include provision for 600, 1 2-10-43 j
M-203....... Amended___ Phthalate plasti- issuance of special directions with respect to transportation, disposition. 600, 601____ 2-6-43 Chemicals
1. Clarifies definition steatite grade talc; 2. Permits steatite manufacturers to ac-
cizers. cumulate 6 months working inventory; 3. Adds electric light bulbs; steatite
M-239--- Amended... Steatite talc....... porcelain products used for electrical, heat insulating purposes; educational, 2-6-43 Miscellaneous Min- R. C. Ruark, 72735.
testing, experimentation, research uses by scientific laboratories to list A. erals. A. G. Walker, 4684.
M-241-a____ Amended... Paper and paper- Prohibits completion of partially processed articles; transfers coasters, doilies, 2-8-43 Pulp and Paper_____ C. E. Snow, 4991.
board. slippers from List B to List A.
M-261_______ Amended... Strapping for ship- Eliminates restrictions on use of strapping for bundles________________________... . 8 F. R. 1620 2-4-43 Containers__________ A. L. Brack, 76824.
ping containers.
M-277....... - Vegetable tanning Restricts use of vegetable tanning materials to essential purposes ... 8 F. R. 1620 2-4-43 Textile, Clothing
materials. and Leather. F. A. Hayes, 2187.
M-273-a.... Cattle hide leather Restricts sale, delivery of harness leather to certified purchase order or contract 2-5-43 Textile, Clothing R. P. Butler, 3095.
and products. 8 F. R. 1350 315, and Leather.
P-89........ Amended___ Production of 762 ... 1-30-43 Chemicals -_____ L. L. Newman,
chemical a,
M., R., and O.z Raises ratings to AA-2x for equipment where it does not exceed $200; AA-5 for all 73042.
P-118....... Amended... Plants processing others. 2-5-43 Food_______________ W.’ J. Parsonson,
dairy products 1. Eliminates restrictions which limit class of processors authorized to apply rating Re 4142, Ext.
or eggs, M., R., to primary processors; 2. Increases ratings to AA-1 for maintenance, repair; A A-2x 4179.
and O. for operation; AA-3 for replacement parts.
P-126....... Amended... Emergency servic- Definition of “emereennv service avenev” chanced to nermit use nf nerti finates of 472 2-6-43 Gen'eral Industrial R. W. Tait, 72059.
ing of refrigerat-
ing, air condi-
tioning machin- authority. Equipment.
P-133_______ Amended... ery equipment. Raises ratine to AA-2x . . 8 F. R. 1619 2-4-43 Radio and Radar___ J. "S. Timmons,
Electronic equip- 8 F. R. 1448 2-2-43 Textile, Clothing 71303.
ment. ■ and Leather. F. L. Walton, 3227.
P-139....... Producers of tex-
tile fibers, mints.
leather textile
products; M.,
R., and O.
PRIORITIES VICTORY FEDERAL REGISTER
All unexpired priorities orders,' regulations and reporting forms of War Pro- Each week all new War Production Board orders and regulations Complete texts of War Production Board orders and regulations appear in
duction Board are indexed in “PRIORITIES” published monthly. Those are listed in “VICTORY.” Hence this page may be used effectively “FEDERAL REGISTER,” published daily except-Sundays, Mondays and
above will be included in the February issue. Subscription: $2.00 per year. to keep “PRIORITIES” up to date. Rate: 75 cents per year. days following legal holidays. ■ Subscription: $1.25 per month; $12.50 per yean
Subscription^ to Above Publications Should Be Sent to Superintendent or Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. 0.
February IO, 1943
★ VICTORY ★
177
indices of the American Industrial Effort tind its Impact on the life of the Nation •. .
An PRODUCTION DATA
fl INDEX NUMBERS OF PROGRAM PROGRESS, 1942
--- Munitions War Total war
Month production1 construction9 output •
November 1941 ___________________________________________ 100 100 100
January 1942__ __________________________________________ 163 109 135
February_______ ___________________________________________ 173 112 143
March__________ _________________________________________ 201 139 171
April__________ __________________________________________ 238 175 205
May____________ ___________________________________________ 269 192 230
June___________ ___________________________„_______________ 300 222 253
July.,__________ ___________________________________________ 331 262 284
August________ ______________________________c___________ 357 279 802
September______ ___________________________________________ 370 273 311
October________ __________________________________________ 885 254 315
November..____ __________________________________ r 435 » 237 » 336
December_____- __________________________________________ p 497 P 213 P 363
1 Munitions production represented by the index includes planes, ships, tanks, guns, am-
munition, and all campaign equipment produced during the month. Fixed dollar values are
assigned to items to adjust for the differences in sizes and costs.
’Includes all Government-financed war construction.
’Total war output represented by the index includes all current war production of goods
and services for expenditure from Government funds.
T Revised.
f Preliminary.
EXPANSION OF WAR INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES
É i Commitments Completions
as of as of Value Completed During
Dec. 81,19# Dec. 31,19# Dec. 19# Nov. 19#
HI (Millions of Dollars)
Total Goven iment-flnanced_„___i________1 $14, 043 $8, 933 $605 * $641
Construe 'tion________---_______________ 6, 804 5,093 292 T 332
Machine: ry and equipment____________ 7,239 3,840 313 809
Commitmenl ;s for privately financed expansions as measured by estimated
cost of 11,7 F38 Certificates of Necessity approved as of December 31, 1942----$3, 790,000, 000
1 Total as < yi Nov. 30, 1942, revised to $13,960,000,000; construction revised to $6,739,000,000
and machine >ry and equipment revised to $7,221,000,000. 'Revised.
NONINDUSTRIAL WAR CONSTRUCTION
Cumulations are from June 1940
Commitments Completions
as of as of Value Completed During
m g I US Dec.31.19i3 Dec. 31.19# Dec. 19# Nov. 19#
Total Government-financed__________ ___’$15,128 (Millions of Dollars) r$712
$10,589 $610
Military_________________________ 13,358 9,639 546 » 650
Housing and public works.,_______ 1, 770 950 64 r 62
Privately financed war housing------$1,214 $910 $56 $60
’Total as of Nov. 30, 1942, revised to $14,871,000,000; military revised to $13,122,000,000,
and housing and public works revised to $1,749,000,000. r Revised.
MERCHANT VESSELS DELIVERED
- Cumulative
jBwvWL Jan. 19# Feb. ’#-Jan. }# ’
Number of ships_______________________________________________ 88 799
Tonnage (deadweight tons)_______________------------------------- 976,000 8,805,000
’ In addition, the Maritime Commission delivered during the period 33 special type vessels
for the Armed Forces with a total deadweight tonnage of 95,000 and 18 oceangoing and harbor
tugs.
War Facts are assembled by Program Progress Branch, Division of Information, WPB
'J ' :.->•; ^tg?^f5%4r> *?%??&
teis»i
PROGRAM---EXPENDITURES
Cumulative from June 1940
Dec. 31,19# Nov. 30,19#
(Billions of Dollars)
War program_______ , p $238. 0 p $237. 7
Commitments______ (’) p 177. 9
Expenditures_______ 68. 2 62.1
WAR EXPENDITURES
Dec. 19# Nov. 191#
. (Millions Of Dollars)
Expenditures.._____ ___$6,125 $6, 112
Number of days.___ 26 25
Daily rate_________ ____ 235. 6 244.5
LABOR DISPUTES
Cumulative
Jan.---Deo. 19#
Man-days lost on “strikes” affect-
ing war production____________ 2,095,294
Percentage time lost to estimated
time worked..:________________%oo of 1%
COST OF LIVING
Cost of Goods Purchased in Large Cities
• Percentage of increase
Dec. 19# to Dec. 19#
Combined index: 9.0
Selected components:
Food____________________________ 17.3
Clothing________________________ 9.7
Rent____________________________ ---0.2
House furnishings_______________ 6. 3
p Preliminary.
’Not available.
For additional information on Labor Dis-
putes see Victory, Jan. 27, 1943, p. 125; for
Cost of Living see issue of Feb. 3,1943, p. 146;
for Program and Expenditures see issue of
Jan. 20, 1943, p. 91.
178
★ VICTORY ★
February 10, 1943
War Agriculture . . •
Service Men’s Need for Butter
Causes Shortage for Civilians
More Evaporated Milk To Be Released Soon to Civilians; OPA Sets Ceiling Prices on Fluid Milk in Chicago Area
Chief factors causing the civilian butter shortage according to OWI are that on the average, men in our armed forces eat double the amount of butter they would ordinarily consume as civilians, and the armed forces must also accumulate reasonable reserves for the protection of their supplies. As for civilian consumption, civilians in 1942 used more fluid milk, ice cream, evaporated milk, and some other dairy products, thus drawing milk supplies away from butter. And now, with current butter production at its seasonal low, civilians, with higher incomes than in the past, are trying to buy much more butter than is available.
According to figures compiled by the Agriculture Department, civilian use of butter in the U. S. was approximately the same in 1942 as the year before— per capita consumption during these two years was 16 pounds, compared to the 1935-40 average of 17 pounds. Shipments out of the country, aside from those for the U. S. military, amounted to less than 1 percent of last year’s total output.
To provide a simplified basis for OPA ceilings on creamery butter, the Department of Agriculture has revised U. S. grades. Under this action, five U. S. creamery butter grades are substituted for the nine numerical score ratings now in use.
More Evaporated Milk
An additional 3,000,000 cases of evaporated milk will be released for civilian consumption before March 31, and any manufacturer who has sold canned evaporated milk to the Food Distribution Administration may make offers for the stocks to be released. This brings to 5,000,000 cases the total amount of canned evaporated milk released to civilians from Government stocks in the last six weeks.
Acting to eliminate a price squeeze on milk distributors after the withdrawal of a Government milk subsidy, OPA established a temporary ceiling price of 14% cents a quart for retail store sales of fluid milk to consumers in the Chicago
area and 16% cents a quart for home deliveries. At the same time, the Office-set temporary dollars and cents price ceilings on deliveries at' wholesale of standard fluid milk and certain premium milks, and on bulk sales to stores, hotels, restaurants and institutions. The new ceilings are effective February 2 and will expire April 1, during which period Agriculture Secretary Wickard is to work out operating economies to cancel increases made necessary by the withdrawal of the subsidy.
The use of milk in the manufacture of ice cream and other frozen foods has been established on a monthly basis at 65 percent of the amount used in the corresponding month in the 12 months preceding November 30,1942. The order, issued by Food Administrator Wickard, is effective immediately.
FSA FARMERS PRODUCE ONE-THIRD OF 1942 MILK INCREASE
More than a third of the Nation’s increase in milk production last year came from 463,941 farms of FSA borrowers.
In terms of the Nation’s total increase, milk topped the list of production by these borrowers, according to a survey. FSA reported that these families, constituting 7.6 percent of the 6,097,000 farm operators listed by the 1940 census, increased their milk production by 1,419,000,000 pounds or 36 percent of the total increase for the Nation. This was a 20 percent increase over their 1941 production, compared to a 3 percent increase made by all farmers.
Significant increases by FSA borrowers also were shown for other war-needed food crops. In terms of their own production the year before, these 1942 increases ranged from 20 to 106 percent. In terms of the Nation’s total increase, they also contributed 27 percent of the Nation’s increase in dry beans and 10 percent of the total increase in eggs, chickens and peanuts.
Fruit Growers Aided By Price Action
Lead Arsenate Order Cuts
Insecticides Costs
The present costs of using insecticides to protect fruit crops will be lowered as the result of an action announced last week by the OPA establishing dollar and cent ceilings for lead arsenate sold by manufacturers and distributors.
All distributors’ and manufacturers’ sales of standard lead arsenate powder, standard lead, arsenate paste, and basic lead arsenate powder are covered by the action. Prices for sales by retail dealers are automatically adjusted under the provisions of MPR No. 144.
Lead arsenate is used chiefly to protect apple crops but is also used in large amounts to protect pears, grapes, peaches, home gardens and nurseries from insect damage. Ultimate users are principally farmers, but homeowners, city and State governments, and commercial growers will also be affected by the measure.
Farmers usually purchase the insecticide in paper bags containing three pounds or more, although smaller packages are available for purchasers at higher prices per pound. Under the regulation, the price manufacturers may charge for a pound of lead arsenate powder when sold to dealers in units of 3 pound bags in carlot quantities is established at 11% cents, one-half a cent per pound lower than the price most manufacturers are currently charging.
Manufacturers sell most of their products to distributors, but about 25 percent of their sales are made to retail dealers and to large growers.
AXIS WAR PRISONERS MAY BE PUT ON FARMS
Maj. John O. Walker, Chief of the Agricultural Labor Branch, Food Production Administration, stated last week that plans to alleviate the farm labor shortage include the possible use of Axis prisoners of war. “The use of war prisoners does not' offer any considerable immediate prospects, but when we have them we might very well use them on American farms where the problem of guarding them can be solved,” he said. Maj. Walker believes these prisoners would be just one small source out of many which can be tapped to cultivate and harvest the biggest food and feed crops farmers have ever been asked to produce.
February 10, 1943
★ VICTORY ★
179
U. S., Britain Ship French Africa Food
Each Sends 25,000 Tons;
Combined Committees Set Up
More than 50,000 tons of food and other nonmilitary supplies urgently needed by the people of French North Africa have already been shipped from England and the United States, Lend-Lease Administrator Edward R. Stetti-nius stated last week.
At the same time a joint program has been put into effe.ct for sending about 30,000 tons a month of nonmilitary supplies from the United States alone, in addition to large quantities from Great Britain. American supplies are being provided almost entirely under the Lend-Lease program.
About half of the supplies that have arrived so far came from Great Britain, which diverted part of a convoy bound for another war theatre in order to help meet emergency shortages of food in North Africa. The British shipment included large quantities of wheat and flour, canned meat, sugar and soap, in addition to seed potatoes, canned fish, margarine, powdered milk and eggs, and cheese. From now on, however, most food for North Africa will come from the United States, with Great Britain furnishing principally types of supplies which she can spare better than food.
Reciprocal Aid Provided
To coordinate the efforts of the two countries, combined committees have been set up both in Washington and in North Africa. In Washington, a committee of the representatives of United States and British government agencies concerned is meeting to handle questions involving both civilian supplies sent to North Africa and supplies of strategic ravz materials coming from North Africa to the United Kingdom and the United States.
North Africa is the world’s second largest producer of phosphate rock. It also produces important quantities of high grade iron ore and cork, and, among other strategic materials, zinc, lead, cobalt and manganese. All of these are valuable for United Nations war production.
In North Africa, Lt. Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower has established the North
African Economic Board on which the United States and United Kingdom are
represented. This Board serves as a liaison agency on civilian supply and export matters between Lt. Gen. Eisenhower and the United States and United Kingdom governments on the one hand and local French authorities oh the other hand.
The United States and United Kingdom are being reimbursed for most of the civilian supplies which they are furnishing. A relatively small proportion
of the supplies, especially milk for children, is being distributed direct to the people under the direction of a mission of the Office of Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation Operations, through such agencies as the Red Cross. Money received by the United States and United Kingdom for civilian supplies is used to pay for raw materials and other commodities and services furnished by North Africa.
Savings to farmers due to price control that has prevented rises in food, clothing, shelter, operating and maintenance costs are shown in this chart.
180
★ VICTORY ★
February 10, 1943
Health and Welfare , , .
Program to Mobilize Youth for War Stresses Health and Education
WMC Summarizes Types of War-Training Courses Available For Youth of Various Capabilities and Backgrounds
Steps to mobilize the youth of America for participation in the war program, and at the same time to guard their health, welfare, and education, have been taken by the War Manpower Commission.
In a “training chart” issued last week the WMC summarized the types of wartraining courses available for boys, girls, men, and women, of various capabilities and backgrounds.
At the same time, tlÆ Commission issued a statement of policy with respect to youth in which it outlined the conditions under which boys and girls may be employed and stressed the necessity of protecting our future citizens against undue strain or unsatisfactory living conditions which might impair their health or usefulness in later years. The WMC was emphatic in its demands that American youths be permitted to pursue their school work without interruption.
Special Training
“It is essential,” the statement reads, “that young people have the fullest possible opportunity consistent with the war effort to complete their education. Those with special aptitudes and capacity for further training should continue their education in order to develop their maximum abilities applicable to war and postwar needs.”
While it is recognized that many young persons under 18 will be needed to replace men and women who have left their peacetime occupations to join the armed services or take war production jobs, entrance of young persons into the Nation’s labor force must be hedged with careful provisions which consider the Nation’s future, the Commission emphasized.
Training Courses Outlined
The training chart, which is planned to give training information both to those already working, but in a less essential industry, and to those who are not presently working but who plan to take war production jobs, deals only
with training for war and food production, and does not concern itself with training in or for the armed forces, civil service, nursing, or the many important volunteer services.
Most of the training courses suggested for children of 14 or over are at least 2-year courses.
For boys or girls of 14 to 17, regular voçational training in the public vocational school is indicated.
For those 16-24 years of age, out of school and unemployed, information is given regarding War Production Training Projects operated by the National Youth Administration. On such projects trainees earn wages and work 160 hours per month, for an average training period of two months. Resident facilities are provided for trainees whose homes are beyond daily commuting distance of a project.
Farm Training Given
Boys and girls of 14 to 18, who are interested in helping out in the great task of food production, are told that they will be welcomed as members of the High School Victory Corps, and may receive emergency farm employment training.
Out-of-school boys and girls, 14 years of age or older, who have already entered upon or are preparing to enter upon the work of the farm, are eligible for enrollment in adult or part-time training in agriculture.
A school boy of 14 years or over who is planning to be a farmer is eligible for enrollment in high school courses in vocational agriculture—a 2- to 4-year course, which includes organized instruction in agriculture and training in farm mechanics, and supervised farming throughout the year.
If a man or woman over 17 years of age is out of school and is interested in preliminary mechanical training, in training for the production of agricultural commodities, or in training as a • farm worker, he or she is eligible for enrollment in Rural War Production Training courses.
Short Vocational Courses
Unskilled men and women, or boys and girls legally qualified to work, are directed to the short term training in VTWPW courses at vocational schools.
A man or woman out of school, not over 25, and desirous of entering one of the skilled trades for which he or she shows an aptitude, may be eligible for regular apprenticeship training, receiving wages while learning.. Apprenticeships usually runs 2 to 5 years, coupled with 144 hours per year of instruction in related subjects at public vocational schools.
In outlining its policy regarding the employment of youth the War Manpower Commission emphasized that school attendance and child labor standards embodied in State and Federal laws should be preserved and enforced.
No one under 14 years of age should be employed full-time or part-time as a part of the hired labor force.
Proof of Age Needed
Youth under 18 years of age may be employed only after the employer obtains proof of age, and then only in work suited to their age and strength, in no case for more than 8 hours a day or 6 consecutive days. Suitable meal and sanitary facilities must be assured. Such youths must be paid wages similar to those paid to adults for similar services.
Youth under 14 or 15 may be properly employed only when qualified older workers are not available, and the employment is not in manufacturing or mining occupations.
In-school youth should not be employed during school hours unless the area or regional manpower director has determined that temporary needs of an emergency character cannot be met by full use of other available sources of labor, and in that case school programs must be adjusted so as to avoid interference with the school attendance of those who take employment.
Transportation Provided
When it is necessary to transport young people to and from work, safe means of transportation should be provided and the entire period of work and transportation should not exceed 10 hours a day.
Youths under 18 recruited for agricultural work requiring them to live away from home should be assured that suitable living conditions and proper health protection and leisure-time activities will be provided.
February 10, 1943
★ VICTORY ★
181
War Shipping . , ,
Merchant Seamen Are Patriotic;
Deliver Goods Despite Casualties
Elmer Davis Releases Land’s Report to Clear Up Rumors About Insubordination; Halsey Adds His Praise
America’s 70,000 merchant sailors have suffered a casualty toll of nearly 4 percent in the first year of war, OWI Director Elmer Davis said last week. “These brave men have delivered the goods and shown patriotism and devotion to duty worthy of emulation,” he added.
Davis made public a report by Rear Admiral Emory S. Land, War Shipping Administrator, to clear up rumors and reports of personnel difficulties among the crews of the Nation’s war cargo carriers.
“Admiral Land’s report shows that American seamen are loyal and efficient,” Davis said.
According to the report, merchant marine casualties (dead and missing only) have totalled in one year of war more than 3,200. This is 3.8 percent of the total number. Casualties of the armed services in the same period amounted to less than one percent of their total number.
Much Time Spent at Sea
About three-fourths of the off-shore merchant seamen are always at sea— “in the front line.” Willingness of sailors to brave bombs and torpedoes was shown recently when 100,000 persons responded to WSA’s call for experienced seamen.
Actual pay for the average able seaman or fireman, figuring in his food and room averages around $57 a week— about what a second-class rigger earns in a shipyard. WSA’s labor relations division, which investigates all reports of infraction of discipline, found practically all such incidents occured in port, and were the result of the continued strain under which seamen work.
Despite an expected increase in enemy attacks on our merchant shipping, a greater percentage of survivals is expected this year because of more escort vessels better-armed ships, more and improved safety devices, and more experienced crews. More and better-equipped lifeboats are required under new regulations just issued.
Cooperate with U. S. Forces
Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr., Commander of U. S. forces in the South Pacific, informed the Navy Department last week that in no instance have Merchant Marine seamen refused to discharge cargo from their vessels at Guadalcanal or in any other way failed to cooperate, with U. S. forces ashore in that area.
In a report tq the Navy Department, Admiral Halsey asserted that more than a dozen vessels manned by merchant seamen have reached the Guadalcanal area since start of the Solomon Islands campaign on August 7, 1942. Under the supervision of naval officers, the crews participated in unloading all of them. The report stated that none of the crews has ever refused to discharge its ship’s cargo; and the merchant seamen’s cooperation, efficiency and courage, on some occasions in the face of enemy attack, have won high praise.
January Ship Output Tops Million Tons
American shipyards, for the second consecutive month, added more than a million tons of shipping to the Victory Fleet, with the delivery of 106 vessels totaling approximately 1,008,400 deadweight tons in January.
The temporary decline in January from December’s record high of 121 ships was attributed to previous shortages of steel and delays in completion of the higher type propulsion equipment, as well as severe weather conditions which affected production particularly in the northern yards, the Maritime Commission announced.
Of the 106 ships delivered in January, 79 were Liberty ships, 4 C-type vessels, 5 large tankers, 14 special types, 1 oceangoing tug, and 3 harbor tugs.
At the same time the Commission announced that the average building time of Liberty ships was cut to 52.6 days in January as compared with 55 days in December.
Army, Navy to Test Educational Gains
Colleges Will Credit Courses Taken in Service
Tests are being prepared by the War and Navy Departments to assess the educational growth of military and naval personnel during the period of service in the armed forces. Results will be certified upon request to schools and colleges for their evaluation of the educational achievement represented by the test scores. It is expected that the program—proposed by the U. S. Armed Forces Institute Advisory Committee and indorsed by the American Council on Education—will help the servicemen, upon their return to civil life, to obtain academic credit for educational growth in service. The program applies also to the WAAC, WAVES, the U. S. Coast Guard Reserve, and the U. S. Marine Corps Reserve. The U. S. Armed Forces Institute is offering formal courses of instruction for use by service personnel during off-duty and spare time, and the Navy Department is setting up educational service centers on major shore establishments all over the world where formal class instruction will be offered to officer and enlisted personnel on a voluntary basis.
Libraries Provided
In addition to the more than 500 high school, technical and college correspondence courses available from colleges and universities under contract with the Government, each of the armed forces provides well-equipped libraries. All of these contribute to the educational growth, which will be measured at both the high school and college levels.
ARMY ASSURES RETURN OF FISHING EQUIPMENT
Assurance was received last week by Harold L. Ickes, Coordinator of Fisheries, from Secretary of War Stimson that a large percentage of the floating equipment chartered by the Army will be returned to the Alaska salmon-fishing industry in ample time for seasonal operations. Mr. Stimson further stated that where it would be impossible to return the floating equipment chartered, the War Department planned to loan similar equipment to the salmon industry.
“This assurance,” said Mr. Ickes, “will relieve one of the most pressing problems confronting the salmon industry.”
182
★ VICTORY ★
February 10, 1943
War Rationing . . .
Shoe Rationing Program Catches
Dealers and Public Unaware
Sunday Radio Announcement and One Day Freezing Prevent Hoarders From Stocking Up in Advance
In a surprise announcement from the White House at three o’clock Sunday afternoon by James . F. Byrnes, Director of Economic Stabilization, rationing of shoes was put into effect beginning Tuesday, February 9. The announcement was made over the radio. All sales of shoes were forbidden on Monday, February 8, and when stores opened for business on Tuesday, purchasers were obliged to surrender Stamp 17 of their Ration Book 1 to get one pair of shoes.
The rationing will start at the rate of three pairs per person a year. The order of the WPB was approved by the- public members of the Economic Stabilization Board.
Stamp No. 1 will be valid through June 15, or for slightly over 4 months.
The brief “freeze” of retail sales, the OPA Administrator s’aid, was intended to forestall rush buying and to enable shoe sellers to prepare to meet the new conditions.
Mr. Brown termed the latest wartime program “the ideal rationing plan.” “For the first time in these fast-moving days,” he stated, “we have been able to get on top of a situation before it got on top of us, and the public will benefit.
“The plan is simple and the ration is more than liberal. For several months civilian Americans have been buying shoes at a rate faster than manufacturers can make them and at the same time keep our troops and sailors supplied—and they come first.
“By rationing now, instead of waiting until over-buying had reduced civilian shoe stocks to the danger point, we hope to be able to make available to American men, women, and children a ration of three pairs of shoes per person in the next 12 or 13 months. The first ration is at this rate.
Four Points to Rem ember
“The program itself is simple. There are only four main points for the public to remember:
“1. Stamp 17 in War Ration Book 1 is good for one pair of shoes between February 9 and June 15, in any store that
sells shoes. If you buy by mail, enclose the stamp with your order.
“2. Stamp 17 is transferable among members of a family living in the same household and related by blood, marriage, or adoption. For example, fathers or mothers can use their stamps to provide extra shoes for their children—if necessary.
“3. Persons who do not possess War Ration Book 1 may apply for this book at a local War Price and Rationing Board.
“4. If a person needs to buy shoes and has no Stamp 17 in his immediate family which he can use, he may apply to his local War Price and Rationing Board for a Shoe Purchase Certificate.
Store Procedure
“Equally simple is the procedure for the store which sells shoes:
“1. Beginning Tuesday, February 9, the dealer must collect Stamp 17 or a Shoe Purchase Certificate for each sale of a single pair of shoes.
“2. Save all stamps and certificates collected from your customers. Do not pass them on to your wholesaler or supplier. You will be informed what to do with them in the near future.
“3. You may continue to buy from your supplier with complete freedom, except that you will ‘owe’ him stamps and purchase certificates for every pair received. You may receive any shipments that were in transit as of 3 p. m., February 7, without regard to rationing.
“4. Keep records of all shoes received and sold after the order became effective.
“5. At any time before February 12, members of the trade may deliver or ship shoes to consumers that had been ordered by them and had been wrapped, marked, or set aside for delivery before February 7. In these special cases, the shoes may be delivered without collecting Ration Stamps.
“Rationing applies to all unused shoes, including all types of boots and shoes made in whole or in part of leather, and all rubber-soled shoes. All ordinary types, and such types as special work shoes, hard-soled moccasins and casual
and play shoes, fall within this definition and are rationed.
Soft Shoes Unrationed
“Unrationed shoes are:
“Soft and hard-soled house slippers and boudoir slippers; infants’ soft-soled shoes; ballet slippers; ordinary waterproof rubber footwear, including rubber arctics; gaiters; work, dress, clog, and tow rubbers: and lumbermen’s overs.
“Shoe repairs are not rationed. This provides the strongest possible protection against the chance that shoe rationing, however liberal, might compel children and others who are ‘hard’ on footwear to wear shoes in a condition that might endanger their health or welfare.”
One unusual feature of the latest rationing program is a provision for the exchange or return of shoes. This is the first time that OPA has allowed ration stamps to pass back to the consumer after a transaction has once been completed.
If new shoes are returned, according to the regulations, the store must give back to the customer a Stamp 17 and a receipt which the customer must surrender when he buys again, whether from the same store, or from another.
Special provisions are made for employers and institutions which purchase shoes in quantity to be furnished (not sold) to a group of employees or residents. In these cases, application must be made to the nearest district OPA office in writing, stating the type and number of pairs of shoes needed and establishing that hardship would result if the application were denied.
Members of the armed forces needing shoes, other than regular issue, may apply to their issuing officers for a Shoe Purchase Certificate.
KENTUCKY PRICES SET FOR BULK WHISKY
Domestic whisky in bulk, generally sold through a system of warehouse receipts, now will have specific dollars and cents price ceilings, replacing individual sellers’ March 1942 peaks.
Warehouse receipts for bulk whisky are documents of title representing domestic distilled spirits, which have been warehoused under bond. The newly established ceilings apply to both the bulk whisky and the warehouse receipts.
The new specific ceilings reflect the highest March 1942 price charged for Kentucky whisky in bulk.
Vebruary 10, 1943
★ VICTORY ★
183
Rationing Reminders
Shoes
Stamp No. 17 in War Ration Book One is valid for one pair of shoes through June 15.
Fuel Oil
Coupon No. 3 is good through February 16.
Coupon No. 4 is valid through April 6.
Consumers who are out of oil and have no valid coupons left may obtain 50 gallons on “credit” on one occasion during the current heating season.
Gasoline
No. 4 “A” coupons are valid for three gallons each through March 21.
“B” and “C” coupons expire according to the dates indicated on the individual books and are good for three gallons each.
“T” rations are issued by local rationing boards after approval is obtained from local Offices of Defense Transportation on the basis of certificates of war necessity.
Tires
Inspection deadline for “A” motorists has been extended to March 31; for “B” and “C” bookholders, to February 28, Drivers who have not yet had their tires inspected are urged by the local OPA to do so early enough to avoid last-minute rushes.
All drivers are eligible to obtain certificates for recapping or for Grade 3 replacement tires. “B” and “C” book drivers with less than 1,000 essential miles per month may obtain certificates for Grade 2 tires and “C” motorists with more than 1,000 essential miles per month are eligible for Grade 1. All applicants must first have their tires inspected at authorized stations and must present statements showing the need for recapping or replacements.
Sugar
Coupon No. 11 in War Ration Book No. 1 is good for three pounds of sugar through March 15.
Coffee
Stamp No. 25, valid for'one pound of coffee, may be redeemed any time through March 21. This represents a ration of one pound per person every six weeks instead of every five weeks as originally provided. Coffee rations are issued only, on books which indicate that the owners are at least 15 years old.
Retailers and wholesalers may deposit coupon No. 27 in rationing banking accounts through February 15. Those not having accounts but intending to transfer their coupons to their wholesalers should do so in time to allow the latter to make their deposits by February 15. Wholesalers may refuse to accept coupons turned into them too late.
War Ration Book No. 2
Rationing of commodities governed by Book No. 2, except meat, will go into effect March 1. Meat will be rationed some time after April 1.
Items to be rationed beginning March 1 will be “frozen” at midnight, February 20.
Retailers an^ wholesalers are reminded that they will be required to produce detailed records of their business for the month of December 1942, as a preliminary to the beginning of the new rationing system.
Bicycles
Persons gainfully employed or doing voluntary work in connection with the war effort or the public welfare, as well as school pupils, may obtain certificates for the purchase of bicycles if needed to travel between home and work or school.
Typewriters
Rentals of nonportables manufactured after 1934 are banned.
Rentals of nonportables made between 1927 and 1935 may be made for not more than six months. Most portables made since 1935 may also be rented on the same basis.
Rentals of portables manufactured between 1927 and 1935 may still be made for not more than six months. Most portables made since 1935 may also be rented on the same basis.
War Prices . . •
Yarn Buyers Benefit From New Rulings
Producers Must Pass Savings Along to Buyers
Rayon yarn producers must pass along to buyers a substantial portion of savings experienced when certain operations in processing yarn are eliminated; the OPA has ruled through the establishment of specific ceiling prices for sales of yarn which has not been wound on cones or reeled in skeins.
Two other measures designed to give the benefit of savings to trade buyers of rayon yarn also are supplied by OPA. One requires producers to allow discounts for inferior yarns on the basis of differentials they had in effect during March 1942. The other provides that when yarn sellers require payment sooner than the customary 30-day period, maximum prices shall be reduced at a rate not less than 6 percent per annum for the period of anticipation.
Mark-ups Not Allowed
Furthermore, OPA acted to prevent anyone but jobbers from applying the permissible mark-up over producers’ prices for sales of rayon yarn and staple fiber.
OPA also set up a schedule of cents-per-pound premiums to be charged by rayon yarn producers when they put more than the customary number of turns of twist into viscose process continuous filament yarns.
The changes will not affect consumer prices of products made from rayon yarns, OPA said, inasmuch as maximum prices for these articles are determined by other price regulations. Manufacturers of these consumer products, however, will be in a better position to produce them inasmuch as any savings they experience in yarn prices will tend to offset other increases that have developed in manufacturing^ costs, officials explained.
INTERIM PRICES EOR WOOLEN CONVERTERS
Converters of woolen or worsted apparel fabrics have been given permission by OPA to establish ceiling prices for sales of these goods based on levels prevailing during March 1942 until OPA sets up a price-determining method especially designed for these converters.
184
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February 10, 1943
RANCHERS ALLOWED QUANTITY PURCHASES
Ranchers, prospectors and others who live too far from a marketing center to buy their rationed canned and processed foods as often as once a month—the length of each point ration period—may apply to local War Price and Rationing Boards for a certificate allowing them to buy these foods in quantity. Certificates may be granted up to the full number of points in War Ration Book 2.
Applications for these certificates may be made to local Boards either in person or by mail, any time after Ration Book 2 is distributed, and must be accompanied by the ration books of all persons included in the application.
When the Board issues the certificate, it will remove three sets of point stamps for each period for which the certificate is granted. For example, a family receiving a certificate for two ration periods would have all stamps from A through F removed.
Good For 60 Days
A certificate is good for 60 days from the day it is issued, but its full point value must be spent at one time. It is assumed, rationing officials explain, that consumers who are granted a certificate for a specified time period on the basis of their stated need will use it accordingly.
Consumers who buy for more than one ration period will nevertheless buy at current point values, although it is prob--able that the point values of some of the foods they buy will be changed during the time for which certificates are issued.
Provisions for buying rationed foods in quantity, rationing officials point out, will be particularly useful to persons who normally market only infrequently either because they live a great distance from a shopping center, or because they are fairly self-sufficient and customarily make only occasional shopping trips.
COFFEE RATION NOW 1 POUND IN 6 WEEKS
Reduced coffee inventories in the hands of wholesalers and retailers made it necessary to cut ,the current coffee ration from 1 pound every 5 weeks to 1 pound every 6.
Stamp No. 25 in War Ration Book 1, became valid February 8, and will be good for the purchase of 1 pound of coffee through midnight, March 21.
Gas Rations Can Be Renewed by Mail
Dealers Must Service New Cars, OPA Rules
Any lucky person who is permitted to buy a new car or truck can now be sure it is in tiptop shape under new orders issued by OPA. If he has a “B” or “C” gas book, he can get his ration renewed by mail without having to go to his rationing board. Tire dealers also are given a better chance to stock up.
Stored cars must be conditioned continually to prevent deterioration. To make sure this is done OPA last week required dealers to perform 102 specific services on such cars before delivery, if they want to include the special allowance of 5 percent of the list price plus freight in their sale price. Many dealers have been unable or unwilling to maintain cars and trucks properly»
Rationing boards now will mail renewal application forms to “B”, “C”, “E”, and “R” ration holders some time before their rations expire. On the form the applicant will restate his driving needs, and mail it, together with his tire inspection record, to his rationing board. The board will mail the coupon book and record to the applicant when it renews a ration.
Processed Foods Rationing Explained
OPA Tells Consumers How To Abide by Quota Rules
Procedures to be followed in rationing processed foods were further clarified by OPA in a series of questions and answers released last week.
For a family of four, including two children, OPA explained, the family’s allowance of canned foods when rationing begins is 20 cans—five per person, excluding those containing less than 8 ounces. If a family has more cans than that on hand, it will not be necessary to turn in the extra cans but one blue eight-point stamp will be taken out of Ration Book 2 for each can beyond the allowable five.
All cans, bottles and jars in the home that contain, more than 8 ounces will have to be counted. Home canned foods are not included and there are certain other exceptions.
Foods that must be counted include the following: commercially canned (tin or glass) fruits (including spiced fruits), and vegetables, canned fruits and vegetable juices, all canned soups, chili sauce and catsup.
Count Emergency Foods
Foods placed on an “emergency shelf,” to be used only in case of an air raid or other disaster, must be counted, but the extra cans will be reported to local rationing registrars when Ration Book 2 is distributed, on a form called the “Consumer Declaration.”, This form will be published in the newspapers sometime after February 15.
Only one form will be used by the entire family. The form has space for writing the names of all members of the family unit. Housekeepers who are not members of the family must fill out a separate form. •
Other information which must be supplied on this form is the number of pounds of coffee the family had on hand on November 28, 1942, less one pound for each person whose age is given as 14 or over oh Ration Book 1.
■Use of Fuel Oil Coupons Limited to 30 Days
Fuel oil dealers and suppliers were notified by OPA that Class 1 and 2 coupons, issued for heating purposes, would be void for replenishing stocks 30 days after the expiration of their validity date for consumer purchases.
February 10, 1943 ★ VICTORY ★ 185
NWLB Decentralized Program Launched
First of 11 Regional Boards Meets in New York City
The first regional War Labor Board to start functioning called its opening meeting February 9 in New York City, launching the National War Labor Board’s decentralization program which creates autonomous Boards from the existing regional offices.
The members of the New York Regional Board, the first of the 12 “little War Labor Boards’¹ throughout the country to go into operation were appointed by the National Board last week. The authority of this board covers all of New York State and northern counties of New Jersey. Members of the other 11 regional boards will be announced within the next fews days, as they are appointed.
Each of the Boards will be tripartite in composition—with public, labor and employer representatives—and will have authority to issue final rulings in labor disputes and in voluntary wage and salary adjustment cases. The National Board retains the right of final review, will issue general policy rulings, and may take original jurisdiction of major cases. WLB regional directors previously were appointed chairmen of the new Regional Boards
Truck Commission Acts
The newly created Trucking Commission of the National War Labor Board last week announced its first decisions. It extended to about 5,000 trucking employers of New York City, the Board’s approval of wage adjustments previously awarded in the case of the Employers’ Joint Wage Scale Committee of New York and the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, AFL. The Commission’s order stated that it was informed that many employers who previously paid the prevailing rates for drivers in the area now desire to conform to that award but require Board of Commission approval under the wage stabilization act.
The Commission approved an arbitrator’s award of a general hourly increase for 400 trucking employees of the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company in Pittsburgh, Pa., the arbitrator finding that the increase was within the Board’s 15 percent formula.
Colleges
(Continued from page 163) Oklahoma City; OKLAHOMA COLLEGE, FOR WOMEN, Chickasha; PHILLIPS UNIVERSITY, Enid.
Oregon—OREGON COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, Monmouth.
Tennessee—GEORGE PEABODY COLLEGE FOR TEACHERS, Nashville.
Texas—EAST TEXAS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Commerce; TEXAS STATE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, Denton; STEPHEN F. AUSTIN STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Nacogdoches; BULROSS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Alpine; WEST TEXAS STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE, Canyon.
To the War Department for basic training in the Army specialized program (all these now have Army R. O. T. C. units):
TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE, Tuskegee Institute, Ala.; HOWARD UNIVERSITY, Washington, Dist. of Columbia; NEGRO AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE, Greensboro, N. C.; WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY, Wilberforce, Ohio; PRAIRIE VIEW STATE COLLEGE, Prairie View, Tex.; HAMPTON INSTITUTE, Hampton, Va.; WEST VIRGINIA STATE COLLEGE, Institute, W. Va.
To the War Department for pre-meteorological training for the Army Air Corps: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, St. Louis, Tilo.
To the War Department for training officers for the Quartermaster’s Corps: HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, Mass.
To the War Department for training in Navigation: HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, Mass.
To the War Department for training students in Japanese language: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, Ann Arbor, Mich.
To the War Department for training in advanced technical subjects: UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON, Dayton, Ohio.
To the War Department for training auto mechanics: HAMPTON INSTITUTE, Hampton, Va.
To the Navy Department for training Engineers:
California—CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Pasadena; UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, San Francisco; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, Los Angeles.
Colorado—UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO, Boulder.
Connecticut—YALE UNIVERSITY, New Haven.
Georgia—GEORGIA SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY, Atlanta.
Illinois—ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Chicago; NORTHWESTERN ÚNI-VERSITY, Evanston; UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, Urbana.
Indiana—PURDUE UNIVERSITY, Lafayette.
Iowa—IOWA STATE AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE, Ames.
Kansas—UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS, Law-rcnce»
Kentucky—UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE, Louisville.
Louisiana—T U L A N E UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA, New Orleans.
Massachusetts—MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Cambridge; TUFTS COLLEGE, Medford; WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, Worcester.
Michigan—UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, Ann Arbor.
Minnesota—UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, Minneapolis.
Missouri—UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, Columbia.
Montana—MONTANA SCHOOL OF .MINES, Butte.
New Hampshire—DARTMOUTH COLLEGE, Hanover.
New Jersey—STEVENS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Hoboken.
New Mexico—UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO, Albuquerque.
New York—COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, New York; CORNELL UNIVERSITY, Ithaca; RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, Troy; UNION COLLEGE, Schenectady; UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER, Rochester; WEBB INSTITUTE OF NAVAL ARCHITECTURE, New York.
North Carolina—DUKE UNIVERSITY, Durham.
Ohio—CASE SCHOOL OF APPLIED SCIENCE, Cleveland.
Oklahomar—UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, Norman.
Pennsylvania—BUCKNELL UNIVERSITY; Lewisburg; CARNEGIE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Pittsburgh; PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE, State College; SWARTHMORE COLLEGE, Swarthmore; UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, Philadelphia.
Rhode Island—BROWN UNIVERSITY, Providence.
South Carolina—UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA, Columbia.
South Dakota—ISOUTH DAKOTA STATE SCHOOL OF MINES, Rapid City.
Texas—RICE INSTITUTE, Houston; SOUTHERN METHODIST UNIVERSITY, Dallas; UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, Austin.
Virginia—UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA, Charlottesville.
Washington—UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, Seattle.
Wisconsin — MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY Milwaukee; UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN, Madison.
To the Navy Department for training WAVES: HUNTER COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK (Bronx Campus), N. Y.
To the Navy Department for training chaplains: COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY, Williamsburg, Va.
To the Navy Department for a School, of Recognition: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY. Columbus, Ohio.
ARMY NEEDS
AIRCRAFT WATCHERS
The War Department announced last week that volunteers manning Aircraft Warning Service installations of the Army Air Forces will not in future be replaced by members of the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps except in cases where, because of insufficient or scattered population, the civilian volunteers are not obtainable in sufficient numbers for the manning of entire units.
Information and Filter Centers now manned jointly by civilian volunteers and WAAC’s will be taken over entirely by civilian volunteers as rapidly as this can be arranged without disrupting the operation of the installation.
186
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February 10, 1943
Motion Pictures . . .
"JAPANESE
RELOCATION”
American democracy in wartime— protecting itself against enemies without violating the principles of justice and decency for which it stands—is dramatically portrayed in the new OWI picture, “Japanese Relocation.” A 10-minute film tells the story of moving more than 100,000 Japanese from the critical Pacific Coast region to inland settlements in Arizona, Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming. ' The picture is a living record of wartime democracy, documentary proof that a country can protect itself without resorting to concentration camps.
“Japanese Relocation” shows step by step how the War Relocation Authority and the United States Army handled the Japanese problem on the Pacific Coast. Immediately following the attack upon Pearl Harbor, steps were taken to forestall sabotage and espionage and all Japanese were removed from critical areas around airfields, harbors, and industrial plants.
But a larger problem remained: What would happen among the Japanese up and down the Pacific Coast, two-thirds of them American citizens, most of them loyal Americans, if the Japanese Army should attempt ah invasion of the United States? Not only was there danger of fifth columnists, but there was also a probability of Americans turning indiscriminately upon all Japanese, loyal and traitorous alike. So the Army, cooperating with the War Relocation Authority and with the assistance of the Japanese themselves, undertook the enormous task of moving all people of Japanese descent from the Pacific Coast to States far enough inland to be secure from the threat of immediate invasion.
This mass migration is shown in the film. Registration, medical inspection, sale of property and belongings, temporary quarters in race tracks and fair grounds, movement in trains and buses, trucks and jalopies, and finally settlement for the duration of the war in Government areas in Arizona and Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming are all portrayed.
Produced by the Office of War Information and narrated by Milton S. Eisenhower of the War Relocation Authority, “Japanese Relocation” can now be obtained for nontheatrical use from more than 175 distributors of 16 mm films. For a list of these distributors write the
Bureau of Motion Pictures, OWI, Washington.
Following are other OWI pictures now available:
“THE ARM BEHIND THE ARMY” (10 minutes). The stakes of American labor and industry in winning this war. An official War Department film.
“BOMBER” (10 minutes). Manufacture, speed, and power of the B-26 Army bomber. Commentary written by Carl Sandburg.
“CAMPUS ON THE MARCH” (19 minutes). Wartime activities in American colleges and universities.
“DEMOCRACY IN ACTION” (11 minutes) . Food and the farmer’s role in the war.
“DIVIDE AND CONQUER” (14 minutes). Hard-hitting presentation of Nazi methods in spreading hate and fear, distrust and confusion.
“DOVER” (10 minutes). Britain’s front line on the Channel coast prepares for the offensive which is coming. Narrated by Edward R. Murrow, CBS radio commentator.
“HOME ON THE RANGE” (11 minutes). The western range country and the men producing beef and mutton for our soldiers, civilians, and Allies.
“LAKE CARRIER” (9 minutes). Transporting iron ore over the Great Lakes to Midwest steel mills. Narrated by Fredric March.
“LISTEN TO BRITAIN” (20 minutes). A remarkable rècord of wartime Britain and a tribute to the everyday people of England.
“MANPOWER” (8 minutes). Methods now being used to fecruit and train workers for war ihdustries.
“MEN AND THE SEA” (10 minutes). Training the men who man our cargo ships carrying munitions, food, and supplies throughout the world.
“THE PRICE OF VICTORY” (13 minutes). Vice President Henry Wallace’s stirring challenge to the freedom-loving people of the world.
“RING OF STEEL” (10 minutes). Tribute to the American soldier from 1776 to 1942. Narrated by Spencer Tracy.
“SAFEGUARDING MILITARY INFORMATION” (10 minutes). Dramatic exposition of the results of careless talk and the need for secrecy.
“SALVAGE” (7 minutes). Need for salvaging metals, rubber, and greases. Narrated by Donald Nelson.
“TANKS” (10 minutes). Manufacture and performance of the M3 Army tank. Narrated by Orson Welles.
“WESTERN FRONT” (21 minutes). China’s heroic fight as a member of the United Nations.
PICTORIAL "VICTORY” FOR FOREIGN READERS
OWI has published details describing the official Government pictorial magazine “Victory,” which will tell citizens of the United Nations and neutral countries the story of United States’ expanding military might and compete with the Nazi picture publication “Signal” and other Axis propaganda media on the newsstands of neutral countries. The first issue of “Victory” was experimental, published last fall; the second is now going to press and the third is in preparation. According to present plans, the magazine, which has no distribution throughout the United States or Latin America except for about 100 depository libraries in the largest cities in this country, will be published every other month, but conditions may require that it be stepped up to a monthly basis.
Volume 1, No. 1 was printed in English only and 450,000 copies were distributed, but succeeding issues will run to 540,000 copies or more and will be circulated in accessible parts of Europe, Asia, Africa and outlying lands. Sixty percent of the press will be run in English and the remainder in French, Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic and Afrikaans. Although advertising was not carried in the first issue of publication, the columns will be open in the future to advertisements describing the contributions of private enterprise to the American way of life and the American war effort. Space will be sold at the rate of $3,000 a page, but only advertising of an institutional nature will be accepted.
PUBLICATIONS— POSTERS
The following publications and posters are available free upon request to the Division of Public Inquiries, OWI, Washington, D. C.
Posters
Americans! Share the Meat. A Message to Our Tenant. Avenge December 7th.
The Enemy Is Listening. Free Labor Will Win.
Give ’Em the Stuff To Fight With. Give It Your Best.
Remember December 7th.
Somebody Blabbed (Sailor) . Somebody Blabbed (Soldier). Someone Talked.
The United Nations Fight for Freedom. United We Stand (Streamer).
United We Win.
(Continued on page 1871
February 10, 1943
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187
Appointments and Resignations . . .
PRESIDENT APPOINTS NAVAL AIDE
REAR ADMIRAL WILSON BROWN, commandant of the First Naval District at Boston, was appointed naval aide to'* President Roosevelt. He succeeds Capt. John L. McCrea, who will take command of one of the “biggest, most powerful” ships in the American Navy.
REAR ADMIRAL ROBERT A. THEOBALD was appointed commandant of the First Naval District to succeed Rear Admiral Wilson Brown.
JOSEPH M. SCRIBNER was appointed a special assistant on the staff of the WPB Director General for Operations. Replacing Mr. Scribner as director of the Minerals Bureau will be HOWARD YOUNG, who will add this position to his recently announced duties as Director of the Mineral Resources Coordinating Division and Chairman of the Mineral Resources Operating Committee and the Minerals and Metals Advisory Committee.
O. JOHN ROGGE, formerly Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Criminal Division, was appointed Special Assistant to Attorney General Biddle to direct the trial of the seditious conspiracy case in the District of Columbia.
TRUMAN K. GIBSON, JR., of Chicago, was appointed civilian aide to the Secretary of War. He succeeds Judge William H. Hastie.
DR. FREDERICK CONRAD BLANCK, chief research chemist for the H. J. Heinz Co., Pittsburgh, was named Director of Subsistence Research for the Army Quartermaster Corps.
JOHN CUNEO resigned as an associate member of the NWLB to devote full time to his duties as President of the Cuneo Press of Chicago.
PAUL R. PORTER, chairman of the WPB Shipbuilding Stabilization Committee, was elected chairman of NWLB’s Shipbuilding Commission. The Commission, which has been given authority over all labor disputes and voluntary wage and salary adjustment cases in the shipbuilding industry, is preparing to hear-its first case in the near future.
LITHGOW OSBORNE, recently chairman of the New York State Automotive Rationing Committee, has been made assistant in charge of Special Relief Problems in the Office of Foreign Relief and Rehabilitation Operations,
FERDINAND J. C. DRESSER, formerly in charge of the engineering sec
tion of the Army Specialist Corps, was appointed director of the WPB Construction Division, succeeding William V. Kahler. Mr. Kahler resigned to return to the Illinois Bell Telephone Co.
JOHN C. WEIGEL, Chicago, Ill., resigned as OPA regional administrator for region VI, embracing Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska and North and South Dakota.
ALVIN S. McEVOY was appointed associate director of the ODT Division of Motor Transport. He succeeds Ray G. Atherton who resigned to become general manager of the American Trucking Association. Mr. McEvoy had been serving as Mr. Atherton’s principal assistant since the latter’s appointment last March.
CHARLOTTE ELIZABETH CARR, formerly director of Hull House Assn., Chicago, was appointed assistant to the Deputy Chairman of WMC.
WALTER E. CHOLLAR resigned as deputy director of the WPB Facilities Division in order to return to his duties as Vice President of the Remington Rand Company.
RAYMOND S. McKEOUGH, formerly a member of Congress, was appointed OPA regional administrator in Chicago, succeeding John C. Weigel, resigned.
HOWARD YOUNG, president of the American Zinc, Lead & Smelting Co., St. Louis, Mo., was appointed director of the new WPB Mineral Resources Coordinating Division and chairman of two related committees: the Mineral Resources Operating Committee and the Minerals and Metals Advisory Committee. .
JOSH LEE’s nomination as a member of the CAB was approved by the Senate.
WILLIAM JUDSON, on leave from the Northern Pacific Railway, was appointed chairman of the newly created WPB Transportation Requirements Committee. He will remain Director of the Public Services Division of the Program Bureau.
THOMAS C. McRAY, assistant general manager of Station WTIC, Hartford, Conn., was appointed a member of the Office of Censorship Broadcasting Division in New York City. His work will includecensoring short wave material sent abroad.
PUBLICATIONS-POSTERS
(Continued from page 186)
Pamphlets
Your War and Your Wages: 2 by 3 inches. A vest-pocket size publication addressed to labor, containing a concise explanation of wage stabilization and its part in the pver-all victory program.
Toward New Horizons: The World Beyond the War. First of a series of pamphlets containing statements and speeches illuminating the developing policies of the United Nations. Speeches by Vice President Wallace, Under Secretary of State Welles, Ambassador Winant, and Milo Perkins throw light upon the development of American thinking on the subject of ■ the postwar world. (Limited quantities available. )
The Four Freedoms: The Rights of All Men—Everywhere. An elaboration of the freedoms we are fighting for.
Divide and Conquer. A documented analysis of the techniques employed by Hitler to create dissension and distrust among his foes.
The Unconquered People. Story of the brave struggle waged against Hitler in Occupied Europe.
The Price of Free World Victory. Vice President Wallace’s speech. (Limited quantities available.)
The War and Human Freedom. Secretary Hull’s speech.
The Thousand Million. Concise descriptions of the countries and people that make up the United Nations. (Limited quantities available.)
The Japanese Are Tough. Secretary Hull’s speech on the nature of Japanese society and outlook. (Limited quantities available.)
Negroes and the War. A large photographic study, with pictures and text, of the Negroes’ stake in the war.
War Jobs for Women. A concise guide to full-time and volunteer employment opportunities for women in Army, Navy, and Federal agencies; business and professional and technical fields; war industries, etc. 48 pages. Available only from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C„ at 10 cents each.
188
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February 10, 1943
War Jobs and Civil Service , . •
CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION
LISTS NEW POSITIONS
Crop Production Specialists, Printer’s Aids, Social Scientists Needed for War Work
Applications for positions listed below must be filed with the United States Civil Service Commission, Washington, D. C.
For full information and forms for applying, consult Commission Local Secretaries in first- or second-class post offices, Regional Offices,-of the U. S. Civil Service Commission Information Office, 801 E Street NW., Washington, D. C.
No written tests and no maximum age limits are specified for positions listed below unless a statement to the contrary appears.
Salaries quoted are annual and basic. For a standard workweek of 48 hours (.which includes 8 hours overtime'), the present rate of compensation for over-tinle increases the annual salaries shown below about 21 percent of that part of the basic salary not in excess of $2,900 a year, provided that such increase shall not make the total pay more than $5,000 a year.
Applications are not desired from persons engaged on war work unless they may use higher skills in the positions sought. War Manpower Commission restrictions on Federal appointments are posted in first- or second-class post offices.
Newly Announced
Crop production specialists, $2,600 ta $8,000.—Specialized fields: Rubber plants, oil-producing plants, tropical plants. Persons qualified to establish and administer research stations or plantations growing rubber or oil-producing plants. (For service principally in Central and South American coun-‘ tries.)
Printer’s Assistants, 66 cents an hour.—Women for service in the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Treasury Department, Washington, D. C. No previous experience required. Written test. (Closing date—March 23, 1943),
Social scientists (historical specialists), $2,600 to $6,500.—Persons qualified to analyze Federal documents and records and to select those worthy of preserving for future reference; to write accounts of historically significant activities of
agencies. Appropriate college study and research, college teaching or graduate study in history or in one or more of the social sciences is required.
Junior soil conservationists, $2,000.— Specialized fields: Forestry, range conservation, soil conservation (farm planning), soil surveying. Persons with appropriate college study for positions in Washington, D. C., and throughout the United States.
Urgently Needed
Economists, economic analysts, $2,600 to $6,500.—Persons who have had a minimum of 5 years’ experience, college training, or a combination of the two, in economics and economic analysis.
Training specialists, $2,600'to $5,600.— Persons qualified to plan training programs for a variety of technical and professional personnel in Government agencies.
Statisticians, $2,600 to $6,500.—Persons who have had a minimum of 5 years’ experience, college training, or a combination of the two, in statistics and statistical analysis.
Traffic and transportation specialists, $2,600 to $6,500.—Persons with at least 3 years of experience in either railroad (including street railway), highway (including local bus), water (inland and ocean),'or air traffic or transportation.
Library assistants, $1,260 to $1,620.— Persons with 6 to 18 semester hours of recognized library school training; or 3 months to 1 year of library apprenticeship; or 6 to 18 months of library experience. Written test required.
Production control specialists, $2,000 to $6,500.—Persons whose industrial production or engineering experience demonstrates their ability to determine the material needs of manufacturers, schedule production, follow-up production to insure the flow of critical materials under the Controlled Materials Plan.
Engineering draftsmen, $1,440 to $2,600.—Persons with drafting experience, or with drafting training gained from a high school, technical school, college, or war training course.
Metallurgists, $2,600 to $5,600.—Persons with appropriate college study plus a minimum of 2 years’ experience, college teaching, or graduate study in metallurgy.
Junior metallurgists, $2,000.—Persons with appropriate college study.
Engineers, $2,600 to $8,000.—Persons with a minimum of 5 years’ appropriate training and/or experience in engineering.
Marine engineers, $2,600 to $5,600.— Persons qualified to prepare designs and specifications for marine machinery (boilers, engines, turbines, Diesel engines, etc.)
Naval architects, $2,600 to $5,600.— Persons qualified to prepare designs, contract plans, or hull construction plans for vessels.
Junior engineers, $2,000.—C o 11 e g e women especially. Those lacking previous experience may qualify by taking a special tuition-free, Government-sponsored, 10-week E. S. M. W. T. course given in many colleges and universities.
4 MILLION HOUSEWIVES IN LABOR RESERVES
An estimated 5,000,000 nonworkers constituted the Nation’s labor reserve that was immediately available on a voluntary basis to meet the war manpower shortage in November 1942, according to Director J. C. Capt, Bureau of Census. Women made up 4,500,000 of this reserve and 4,100,000 of these were housewives. The 500,000 available men were mainly students, or older men not ordinarily in the labor force because of age or physical restrictions. This labor reserve of 5,000,000 nonworkers who could take full-time employment was, in addition to the estimated 1,700,-000 workers who were reported as uri-employed in November.
Most of the 4,500,000 women in the labor reserve were married and keeping house, and about one-third were responsible for the care of small children. Among both men and women, over three -fourths were willing to accept factory employment, while nearly one-sixth would take farm jobs. Three-fourths had previous work experience, but little more than half of these had worked within the past five years. The problém of bringing workers and jobs together is indicated by the fact that less than onefourth of those who could take jobs were willing to move to another community. Most available workers did, however, indicate an interest in factory training programs and a willingness to work at prevailing wages.
lebrqary 10, 1943
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Official War Releases .
This is a complete list of press releases issued by the Office of War Information from Sunday, January 31, through Saturday, February 6. Copies of these releases may be obtained at the U. S. Information Center, 1400 Pennsylvania, Avenue NW.
Office of War Information
Treasury Officers Control Plotters. Treasury officers intrusted with keeping out the Axls lands strategic materials, information and financial and property assets cause hundreds of investigations, prosecutions, seizures and arrests. OWI-1171.
U. S. Employs 2.3 Percent More in November. Civilian employment in Federal service showed net increase of 63,008 during November. OWI—1180.
OWI Analyzes Butter Shortage. Chief factors causing butter shortage enumerated. OWI-1185.
Dates with your Government. Ration dates January 31 to February 6, 1943. OWI-1189.
Just Coal Distribution Urged. Coal producers and dealers were urged to avoid discrimination in seeing that essential needs of all persons are met in sections where coal supply is tight. OWI-1183.
6-Day Coal Week Again Asked. Appeal -from Solid Fuels Coordinator for Nation-wide adoption of 6-day week in mining. OWI-1193.
East’s Coal Receipts Higher in New England during week ended January 23. OWI-1194.
Oil Quota Restrictions Lifted until further notice on withdrawals of fuel oils and kerosene from refinery and terminal supply points. OWI—1198.
Elmer Davis to Broadcast on War. Will start regular weekly 15-minute broadcasts on war situation at home and abroad. OWI-1205.
Davis Praises Merchant Sailors. America’s 70,000 merchant sailors, suffering casualty toll of nearly 4 percent of their number in first year of war, have “delivered the goods.” OWI-1199.
OWI Exhibits on View February 12. Will open series of exhibits entitled “This Is Our War,” in Plaza of Rockefeller Center, New York, on Lincoln’s birthday. OWI-1202.
PAW Extends Order 2 which defines permissible spacing patterns for oil wells drilled in Illinois and parts of Indiana and Kentucky. OWI—1203.
5.8 Miles of Oil Pipe Made Daily. “Big inch” pipe for Eastern part of Texas-East Coast oil line. OWI-1206.
1942 New Oil Only 801,000,000 Barrels discovered in U. S., about 57 percent of approximately 1,400,000,000 barrels consumed during year. OWI-1207.
The War and Business (No. 57). A Summary of the Week. OWI-1182.
$34,000,000 Alien Goods Taken Over. Basic war materials and articles stranded in warehouses or at terminal points throughout U. S. OWI—1184.
WSA War Risk Rules Modified relating to maintenance of Collateral Deposit Fund or Surety Bond applying to open cargo war risk insurance polices. OWI-1186.
Q. and A. on Filling Station Hours dealing with Nation-wide limitation on filling station hours. OWI-1188.
USMC Lets Four Tug Contracts to Arthur G. Blair, Inc. OWI-1191.
Hard Coal Shipment Bars Raised on shipment to Canada and points west of Erie, Pa. OWI-1192.
Home Front Volunteers Sought to carry forward War programs. OWI-1195.
Essential Drivers Get Credit Cards. Vehicles carrying “Certificates of War Neces
sity” are permitted to use credit cards at service stations. OWI-1196.
Farm Machinery Added to Schedule A and mining machinery and equipment in list of “Schedule A.” OWI-1197.
“Victory” to Run 540,000 Copies. Pictorial magazine, intended to tell story of U. S. expanding military might to citizens of United Nations. OWI-1201.
North Africa Gets Supplies. 50,000 tons of food and other nonmilitary supplies. OWI-1214.
East Coast Petroleum Supply. During week ended January 30 no substantial change. OWI—1216.
PAW Exempts 36 Chemicals in Schedule “A” Operations under Petroleum Distribution Order 3; January 18 exempting from fuel oil cut, OWI-1217.
Processors Aid Food Drives. Grocery Manufacturers of America, Inc., has enlisted support of members. OWI-1218.
Davis Broadcasts to be Fridays at 10:45 EWT over NBC, CBS, and Blue Networks; rebroadcast by NBS at 3 p. m. on Sunday. OWI-1220.
Anthracite Production at 1,322,000 Tons. For the week ended January 30. OWI-1221.
New Appalachian Soft Coal Costs Announced. OWI-1222.
Pamphlet Explains War Work. “You and the War” pamphlet to help civilians find their way into war service and protective programs of their communities. OWI-1208.
WSA Suspends Small Boat Ceiling until March 3,1943, as applied to small boat owners and operators, if they will file their costs of operation. OWI-1209.
Salmon Fisheries to Have Boats chartered by Army in ample time for seasonal operations. OWI—1210.
PAW Corrects News Stories. Calls attention that: (1) Provisions of PD Order 3, as amended apply to all portions of Florida east of Apalachicola River. And (2) Fuel-oil provisions of PDO 3, as amended, do not apply to Florida west of Apalachicola River. OWI-1211.
Million Ship Tons Added in January with delivery of 106 vessels totaling approximately 1,008,400 deadweight tons. OWI-1212.
Convert 100 Cars for Oil by conversion of railroad box cars. OWI-1213.
War Production Board
WPB Views Detroit’s War Work. Eyewitness account of war production in Detroit. WPB—2393.
Plastic Bowling Balls Are Out unless new plastic of some such noncritical material can be found. WPB-2396.
“Frozen” Musical Instruments Halved. Frozen June 1, 1942, have been released for civilian. WPB-2422.
T-l Model Shipment Order which sets up framework by which any type of shipment can be regulated as need may arise. WPB-2430.
Seventh Supply List Issued. Seventh issue of Material Substitution and Supply List. WPB-2451.
Butadiene Plant Cancelled in Wood River, Ill. WPB-2452.
Priorities Regulation 1 Clarified. Points out that, inasmuch as Panama Canal is part of Army and Coast Guard part of Navy, each qualifies under provisions applicable to Army and Navy in limitation and conservation orders. WPB-2453.
Air-Conditioning Service Rules Simplified. Dealer engaged in .emergency repair service of refrigerating and air-conditioning systems may apply preference ratings. WPB-3462.
Armed Forces Free Harness Leather for Farms. Temporarily stops deliveries of harness leather in the hands of tanners and
dealers except to make leather for farm and draft animals. WPB-2463.
New Controls for Vital Metal Sales Issued to govern sales of aluminum, copper and steel by warehouse and distributors. WPB-2465.
Unsponsored Electric Air Heaters Termed Peril. A warning against the use’ of unlabeled, anonymously produced electric air heaters. WPB-2467.
OCS Denies Seeking Drastic Alcoholic Liquor Cut. Statement is Issued by Director Weiner of the Office of Civilian Supply. WPB-2468.
Production Bottleneck Breakup Discussed at a special staff meeting held by WPB Production Vice-Chairman Wilson. WPB-2469.
Use of Talc in Electrical Products Permitted in electrical and heat insulating products (not including refractories), electric light bulbs, and experimental work. WPB-T—1733.
Canning Machinery Problem Studied. Discussed by Canning, Can Labeling, Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Processing Machinery Industry Advisory Committee and WPB officials. WPB—2461.
WPB Creates Production Office. Establishes office of Production Vice Chairman and defines its scope and functions. WPB-2464.
Institute Hears L-219 Explained. Order L-219 outlined to members of Electrical Institute of Washington at annual meeting. WPB—T—1714.
WPB Delegates Power to PAW. Limitation orders on gasoline and fuel oil. WPB-T-1723.
Steel Plate Sets Alp-Time High in January, when 1,135,413 net tons of plates were shipped. WPB—T—1728.
Gold Mining Machinery “Frozen.” May not be sold without specific authorization by WPB. WPB-T—1729.
Boston Tea Company Penalized. Oriental Tea Coffee^ Co., Boston, Mass. WPB-T-1730.
Steel Commended on Loadings by WPB Deputy Director of Transportation, Taylor. WPB-T-1731.
Baldwin Rubber Co., Pontiac, Mich., Penalized. WPB—T—1732.
Gasoline Supplier Penalized. Franklin A. Felty, of Schuylkill Haven, Pa. WPB-T-1734.
Subcontracting Multiplies Output of aircraft stop nuts in plant of Elastic Stop Nut Co. WPB-2448.
Chollar Asks To Leave WPB. Walter E. Chollar, Deputy Director of Facilities Division, has asked to be relieved of duties. WPB-2449.
Phenol Shortage Hampers Plastics. WPB-T—1710.
879 Trucks Released Week Ended January 30. WPB-T—1711.
Power Tools Control Tightened. Certain light power-driven tools were put under strict control. WPB—T—1712.
Die-Casting Certification Set providing method whereby metal used in special (high) quality zinc and aluminum die-castings of ammunition components will be subjected to rigid inspection. WPB-T-1713.
Chemical Division Ruling Glass. Administration of orders and other actions pertaining to glass in Chemicals Division. WPB-T-1715.
Rubber on “Must” List of Five. Chairman Nelson declares. WPB^-2454.
“Critical” Orders Due by Feb. 6. Common components needed in first half of year. WPB—2455.
Radio Repair Priority Now AA-2X. Broadcasting stations requesting materials for maintenance, repair or operating supplies have been raised from A-l-j. WPB-T-1717.
Tungsten Contact Points Released from allocation control. WPB-T-1718.
Certain Metal Strapping Freed on specified types of bundles. WPB-T-1720.
Tanning Materials Under Control. Control over distribution and use of vegetable tanning materials imposed to conserve supplies for tanning of leather for military and
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February 10,f 1943
essential civilian uses by order M-277. WPB-T-1721.
Naval Stores Advised on Containers. Urged to make arrangements immediately to obtain requirements other than steel drums for 1943 production. WPB-T-1722.
Farm Machinery Order Modified on production of farm machinery attachments. WPB—T-1724.
Body Builders Study Use of Wood as substitutes for iron and steel in truck and trailer construction. WPB-T-1725.
Certain CMP Forms Due Feb. 9. Applications for allotments of aluminum, copper and steel required during second quarter of thia year. WPB-T-1726.
Larger Cotton Fabric Output Planned. Two hundred million yards annually. WPB-T—1727.
Building Procedure Simplified. Operators of office or loft buildings, apartment houses, hotels and industrial plants file single application for blanket authorization to cover small miscellaneous construction work for period up to six months. WPB-2456.
Douglas Fir Under Allocation. Directs cutting of Douglas fir lumber and allocates logs where necessary. WPB-2457.
Capacitors Report Form Studied in manufacture of military radio. WPB-2458.
Valve Section Rules Pipe Fittings. Has been transferred to Valve and Fittings Section. WPB—2459.
F . J. C. Dresser Joins WPB. Appointed Director of WPB Construction Division. WPB-2460.
Transportation Committee Set Up. Transportation Requirements Coipmittee, with William W. Judson as Chairman. WPB—2433.
CMP Simplification Announced to take effect immediately. WPB-2434.
Textile Export Reports Exaggerated. Reports certain Government agencies are currently in market for very large amounts of textile goods. WPB-2435.
Larger Cotton Fabric Output Asked. Every cotton mill in country urged to increase production of cotton fabrics and yarns. WPB-2437.
Steel Conservation Advised by preventive measures against deterioration. WPB-T-1681.
Interoffice Phones Under L-204. Intercommunicating telephone sets subject to terms of General Conservation Order L-204 as amended. WPB-T-1692.
Use of Steel Drums Restricted. Effective March 1, may not be used, to pack sand, water, bird seed, and 11 chemicals. WPB-T-1693.
Elmer Spindel, Cincinnati, Penalized. WPB-T—1697.
Friedman Bag Co., Los Angeles, Penalized. WPB-T—1698.
Heacock Preserves Bureau Staff. Newly appointed Deputy Director General for Distribution. WPB-T—1699.
Drug Trade Plans Car Economy in transportation within industry. WPB-T—1700.
Parts Shortage Halts Welding Tool Production. WPB-T-1735.
Portable Crusher Manufacture Opened to All. Manufacturers permitted to build the five sizes listed in Schedule II of Order L-217. WPB—T—1736.
New Allocation Forms for Capryl Alcohol. Must be made in the future on the standard forms PD-600 and PD-601. WPB-T—1737.
Plasticizers Allocated Only on Standard Forms. Standard form PD-600 and 601 must be used. WPB-T-1738.
Mechanical Refrigerator Dealers To Be Checked. Survey will cover builders who have requested ten or more refrigerators for installation in a particular project. WPB-T-1739.
Nsiv Orleans Building Firm Penalized. Oklawn Inc., New Orleans, La. WPB-T-1740.
Increased Output of Cotton Mills “Encouraging,? director Walton of the Textile, Clothing and Leather Division, declared. WPB-T-1741.
Jewelers May Apply for Copper to use small amounts of copper scrap and copper base alloy scrap in alloying gold during 4-month period, March 1 to June 30. ■ WPB-T-1703.
Shoe Repair Leather Protected. Sole leather tanners directed to set aside larger percentage of manufacturers’ type sole leather bands. WPB-T—1704.
Ascorbic Acid Restrictions Eased. Delivery of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) to processor for incorporation into capsules or other forms no longer requires special WPB authorization. WPB-T-1705.
WPB Corrects Release 2409 January 26, 1943; incorrectly indicated that Limitation Order L-158 authorized producers to extend rating of AA-2X to obtain materials needed for production of automotive replacement parts. WPB—T—1706.
Oil Rationing Power Extended. Delegation of authority to ration fuel oil to OPA amended to include Oregon and Washington. WPB-T—1707.
Sterling Brass Co., Cleveland, Ohio, Penalized. WPB-T—1708.
Higher Agave Grades Restricted in binder twine. WPB-T—1709.
December War Output Surveyed. WPB Chairman Nelson issued seventh of series of monthly reports for December 1942. WPB-2436.
Textile Repair Materials AA-2X rating to textile clothing, and leather industry for procurement of maintenance, repair, and operating supplies. WPB-2442.
“War Time” Upheld by WPB. Feels war time has resulted in savings which are important to war effort and should be retained. WPB—2444.
Appointment of Scribner Announced. Joseph M. Scribner as special assistant on staff of Director General for Operations Calder. WPB-2445.
$193,800 in Construction Stopped during the week ended January 29. WPB-2446.
Biography of Charles E. Wilson. WPB-2447.
Order on Safety Valves Pending. Is now being worked out and all reference to such valves has ¿been deleted from Limitation Order No. L-134. WPB-2438.
Small Business Versatility Shown. H. E. Fletcher Co. of West Chelmsford, Mass., has turned its facilities toward the manufacture of war-item containing no stone or granite. WPB-2439.
Restrictions on Use of Lead Extended. Orders with preference ratings of A-l-j or higher no longer automatically exempted from restrictions. WPB-2440.
Steel, Copper, and Aluminum Allotted to 14 claimant agencies amounts to be delivered to manufacturers during second quarter of 1943. WPB-2441.
Stepping Up Wool Fabrics Planned during 1943 to meet civilian needs. WPB-2443.
Regional Aid for Smaller Plants. Twelve regional offices, and 131 District offices, empowered to take action on spot. WPB-2417.
New Plant Formulas Urged for red, white, and blue lead paints to be made up on job. WPB-2431.
Harmful “Anti-Freezes” Named. WPB-2432.
, WPB Revises Forms for Chemicals. Revisions of form PD-600 and form PD-601. WPB-T—1701.
Wool Fabrics Increase Urged by Chief of Wool Branch, Marriner. WPB-T-1702.
Nitrocellulose Scrap Controlled. Placed under allocation. WPB—T-1716.
WPB Stresses Film Restriction.. Exposure of 35-mm. film for factual motion pictures has been prohibited since January 1, unless specifically authorized by WPB. WPB-T-1719.
War Manpower Commission
Selective Service Cards Must Be Carried after February 1 by registrants. PM-4292.
Uses Accomplishment Surveyed. Analyzed 60,000 types of jobs in industry and 10,000 military jobs. PM-4294.
Charlotte Carr Joins WMC. Recent, director of Hull House Association, Chicago, appointed as Assistant to WMC Deputy Chairman Harper. PM-4302.
Synthetic Rubber Manpower Plans Developed. Plans for meeting the manpower requirements of the synthetic rubber industry through recruitment and training of needed personnel. PM-4304.
WMC Plans Labor Controls. Hiring controls shall be established as soon as practicable in labor shortage areas. PM-4301.
WMC Announces Lumber Agreement. Action to reduce absenteeism to minimum in lumbering industry through cooperation of management and labor. PM-4299.
4,500,000 Trained for War Jobs in 1942 by agencies operating under WMC Bureau of Training. PM-4297.
“Nondeferable” List April 1. Bureau of Selective Service advised local boards that certain activities and occupations would be “nondeferable” regardless of dependents after April 1. PM-4298.
WMC Issues Training Guidance summarizing types of war-training courses available for boys, girls, men, and women. PM-4300.
Office of Defense Transportation
Commercial Driving Protected. No op-perator need do without gasoline while application for Certificate of War Necessity is pending. ODT-37.
320 Tank Applications Approved. 320 of 892 new tank semitrailers. ODT-60.
War Wagon Trailer Tested in demonstration for officials of ODT. ODT-61.
Certain Coal Permits Delayed until March 1 permit requirements for movement of coal on Atlantic seaboard. ODT-62.
3 Rules for Getting Car Certificates for private passenger car converted to haul property. ODT-68.
Alvin S. McEvoy Joins ODT as Associate-Director, Division of Motor Transport. ODT-63.
Mississippi Speeds Petroleum. Governor Johnson’s action to suspend State regulations delaying unloading. ODT-64.
Crisis Kerosene Cars Provided. Use o> converted container cars for annual move< ment of at-least 12,000,000 gallons of kerosene into New England States. ODT-65.
New Farm Transportation Plan. To safeguard farmers and others from prosecutioa under antitrust laws when engaging in grouy action to conserve farm transportation. ODT-66.
Office of Price Administration
Waxed Paper Ceilings Reduced to levels generally 1% percent below present ceilings. OPA—1577.
OPA Acts to Protect Car Buyers. Assuring purchasers that new passenger automobiles and commercial vehicles will be properly conditioned before delivery. OPA-1579.
State Machinery Discount Eased. Appraised rate, which may be more or less than previously established rate of 5 percent, may be used by States or their subdivisions in computing prices in sales of air conditioning and refrigeration equipment. OPA-1581.
Indian Handicrafts Exempted from price control. OPA-1584.
Rubber Sundries Rule Delayed to permit investigation of hardship claims brought by manufacturers of certain articles. OPA-1602.
Oil Prices Ruled Adequate. A general advance in crude oil prices is not justified at this time. OPA-1609.
x (Continued on page 192)
February 10, 1943
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192
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February 10, 1943
Official War Releases . • .
(Continued from page 190)
Oil Ration Cut in Six States by about 11 percent unit value of fuel oil ration coupons for Heating Period Four in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York (except for Adirondack region), New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. OPA-1611.
Chicago Milk Prices Higher. Temporary maximum price of 14% cents a quart for retail store sales of fluid milk to consumers; 16% cents a quart for home deliveries. OPA-1612.
Chicago OPA Chief Resigns. John C. Weigel, OPA Regional Administrator for Region VI, embracing Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska and North and South Dakota. OPA-1613.
West Coast Roofing Ceilings Set. Dollars and cents maximum manufacturers’ prices for asphalt or tarred roofing. OPA-T-532.
Gasoline Cards Renewed by Mail. Motor- -Ists holding supplemental “B” and "C” gasoline rations may obtain renewals by mail. OPA-1590.
Rebuilt Tubes to Add Tax. Sellers of factory rebuilt used tubes for passenger car and truck tires may add Federal excise tax to maximum price. OPA-1595.
OPA Aids Dealers in Tires. Dealers whose business was interrupted by tire rationing and who wish to reenter automotive tire and tube trade are given opportunity to obtain limited stocks. OPA-1596.
Lake Herring Ceilings Set. New maximum prices for salted lake herring. OPA-1598.
Mine Timber Ceiling Prices Raised. OPAe-1630.
Ranchers Given Food Rationing Leeway. Ranchers, prospectors and others who live far from a marketing center may apply to local War Price and Rationing Boards for a certificate allowing them to buy these foods in quantity. OPA-1640.
Some Dry Onion, Potato Maximums Set. Maximum prices for country shippers of early and mid-season dry onions, and imported dry onions and early and mid-season potatoes. OPA—1644.
Charges Aired at Meat Dealers’ Confab. Some meat sellers have sought and are seeking an immunity for their illegal actions, Jerome Jacobson, attorney in the OPA Meat Price Section, charged. OPA-1645.
Chain Food Stores Get Price Extension. Additional time given to determine uniform maximum prices at a central pricing office for all stores in the chain. OPA-1647.
Ceiling on Gov’t Peanut Butter Sales. For school lunch and lend-lease needs set at 21 cents per pound. OPA-T-561.
Special Price Formula on Some Foods covered under MPR-280. OPA-T-562.
Garment Price Rule Eased. Women’s garment manufacturers are permitted a “tolerance” of 3 percent of minimum allowable cost and additional selling price lines are* set up for use of manufacturers. OPA-1634.
4 Bituminous Areas RaiseI): Price schedules to cover increased production costs in bituminous coal mines in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland, and Ohio. OPA-1636.
Rayon Benefit Passed on to buyers a substantial portion of savings. When certain processing operations are eliminated. OPA-T-556.
March 1942 Prices for Woolens. Converters of woolen or worsted apparel fabrics are given permission to establish ceiling prices based on levels prevailing during March, 1942. OPA-T-557.
Bicycle Sales Broadened. Dealers and distributors who wish to dispose of bicycle stocks may do so through “upstream” or “cross-stream” sales. OPA-T-558.
Prison Brooms Price Exempt from price control. OPA-T-559.
War Plane Services Exempted from price regulation. In connection with operation, repair, conversion, modification or main
tenance of airplanes, engines, parts and accessories and instruments for any War Procurement agency. OPA-T-565.'
Farm Insecticides Reduced. Will be lowered as result of specific ceilings for lead arsenate. OPA-1597.
Freight Tax Added to Feeds. Processors of animal product feeding-stuffs may add the 3 percent freight tax to delivered prices. OPA-1599.
Insecticide Price Method Set for agricultural insecticides and fungicides whose formula have been changed by wartime shortages. OPA—1600.
Railroad Rate Hearing Opens on emergency freight and passenger rate increases granted railroads early last year. OPA-1615.
Food Point Rationing March 1 on commercially canned, bottled, and frozen fruits and vegetables, including Juices, all soups, and dried fruits. OPA-1617.
Prime Hardwood Under Control. Logs used in production of aircraft veneer. OPA-T-537.
Uniform Plywood Pricing Rule. Warehouses and yards acting as plywood distribution plants in servicing needs of wholesale and retail lumber yards were placed under same price ceilings. OPA-T-543.
Rubber Tax Deduction Required from maximum prices for rubber fabrics, apparel and other commodities containing rubber. OPA-T-545.
Extra Steel Charges Passed On. Resellers of iron and steel -products were authorized to pass on certain “extras” which they are required to pay the mills. OPA-T-546.
U. S. To Buy Newsprint F. O. B. Mill. OPA-T-549.
Mill Freight on Rice Banned as addition to ceiling prices. OPA-T-554.
Wooden Farm Containers Higher. Western wooden agricultural containers 8 percent higher. OPA-1591.
OPA Setting Up Undergarment List. Seasonal heavyweight undergarments are first being considered. OPA-1621.
Rent-Gouging Found in Vallejo, Calif. OPA-1627.
Reusable Pipe Order Revised. Price regulation. OPA—T-544.
Oil Coupons Termination Set. Dealers and suppliers notified that Class 1 and 2 coupons, Issued for heating, would be void 30 days after expiration of validity date for consumer purchases. OPA-T-553.
Dry Gas Pricing Method Set. Buyer-seller agreements added to methods, by which ceiling prices may be determined. OPA-T-555.
Canners Reports Due February 10. Canned: and bottled fruits and vegetables. OPAt-T—564.
OPA Field Rules Retail Thrift. Regional administrators. State directors and district men of OPA authorized to rule on reasonableness of curtailment retail stores may make in services or deliveries without reducing celling prices. OPA-1608.
Point Rationing of Processed Foods. Blue A, B, and C Stamps (48 points) are good during March. OPA-1619.
McKeough Heads Chicago Office. Raymond S. McKeough is OPA Regional Administrator in Chicago. OPA-1623.
Public Aids Big Gasoline Savings. Approximately 30,000 barrels of gasoline saved every day as result of public support of ban on non-essential driving. OPA-1624.
OPA Reduces Coffee Ration to one pound every 6 weeks. OPA-1625.
Bituminous Prices Higher In Two Areas. Districts 22 (Montana) and 23 (Washington and Oregon). OPA-1626.
Stirrup Pump Marking Modified. May mark maximum retail price qn outside cover of individual carton. OPA-T-548.
Domestic Silver Reports Eased for users of newly-mined domestic silver in producing semi-fabricated articles. OPA-T-550.
Bus Tire Procedure Quickened. 4,200 interstate bus and trtick operators need no -longer wait for final decision by Interstate Commerce Commission on applications for
certificates of public convenience to obtain emergency reserves of tires. OPA-T-551.
Whiskey Under Specific Ceilings. Domestic whisky in bulk will have specific dollars and cents price ceilings. OPA-T-552.
Special Grates Get Specific Ceilings. Combination grates, for installation in heating boilers being converted from *use of oil to coal, placed under dollars and cents ceilings. OPA—1614.
New Ceilings Set on Feathers. Dollars and cents ceilings on waterfowls, chicken and turkey feathers. OPA-1618.
Food Rationing Q. and A. Issued concerning rationing of processed foods. OPA-1622.
Inspection Saves 400,000 Tires. Rescued by tire inspections during first two months of program. OPA-1628.
Dog Food Price Formula Set. New packaging of products. OPA-T-536.
Rubber Heel Report Excused. Manufacturers excused from reporting unit costs. OPA—538.
Brass, Bronze Alloy Ceilings Set for four new ranges of brass and bronze alloy ingot, increases in impurities limitations of two others, and simplification of method of establishing and reporting maximum prices for special brass and bronze alloy ignots. OPA-T—539.
Certain MRC Purchases Exempt. Specific list of domestically produced strategic or critical materials when sold to the Metals iteserve Co. OPA-T-540.
Cash Corn Prices Modified. Changes in ceiling price differentials for various grades of cash corn. OPA-T-541.
L. C. L. Powdered Skim Ceilings Set. Bulk powdered skim milk and bulk powdered skim buttermilk. OPA-T-542.
TIRES PROMISED FOR TRUCKS AND BUSES
To expedite the movement of interstate passenger and freight traffic, the OPA last week announced that interstate bus and truck operators need no longer wait for final decision of the Interstate Commerce Commission on their applications for certificates of public convenience in order to obtain emergency reserves of tires, provided they can show that they have applied for certificates and the ICC has authorized them to operate pending final decision on their application.
War Wagon Trailer
At the saipe time, ODT announced that the “War Wagon Trailer”—latest innovation in unconventional passenger carrier equipment designed to insure the continued movement of war workers—was given its first try-out last week in a demonstration for officials of the ODT, War and Navy Departments.
The’ unorthodox bus-trailer, rolling on standard size automobile tires, is the newest answer to ODT’s efforts to promote the development and use of war worker transportation equipment which requires a minimum of rubber, steel, and other critical materials.
U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1949