[Victory : Official Weekly Bulletin of the Office of War Information. V. 3, No. 28]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]
VICTORY
OFFICIAL WEEKLY BULLETIN OF THE OFFICE OF WAR INFORMATION
WASHINGTON, D. C.
JULY 14, 1942
VOLUME 3, NUMBER 28
WPB REALIGNS FOR PEAK PRODUCTION
Curtailment, expansion work about done; most war goods in process of manufacture
With curtailment and expansion work in war production about over, and with most war goods in production, the War Production Board has been realigned to concentrate on new tasks. The revision, announced July 8 by WPB Chairman Donald M. Nelson, is designed to tie economic and military strategies more closely together and make more effective the board’s determination of policies and programs governing the flow of materials.
The changed character of the war production task was portrayed by Mr. Nelson in his press conference the day of the announcement, in answer to a question:
Q. How would you characterize this new era of war production, as signified by this change?
Mr. NELSON: ... I would say it signified this. The curtailment job is just about over . . . Most of the goods are in production today. Most of the expansions have taken place. From now on it becomes a question of directing production through directing the flow of materials. •
Scope of realignment
The realignment, according to a statement released at the conference, does these things:
It clears the decks to make controlling
and expediting the flow of materials the Board’s central effort.
It brings the Board into closer touch with military and international production requirements, and increases the
Distribution of scarce materials, fitting output to strategy new main tasks
Board’s activities in over-all war production strategy.
It strengthens the topside policy, programming and progress-reporting organization of WPB.
It concentrates the operating portions of WPB under one head, and puts increased emphasis on the work of industry and commodity branches.
It lightens the administrative load upon the chairman so that he can devote his time to essential policy decisions and to the increasingly important relations of WPB with the other war agencies.
Batt will kelp determine policies
Two vice chairmen are provided for in the new set-up.
One of these vice chairmen will be Wiliam L. Batt. He will serve, in substance, as Mr. Nelson’s general assistant and deputy, helping him in the determination of policies and in the direction of operations, and devoting his attention to the whole work of the War Production Board. In order to fill this post Mr. Batt is relinquishing his chairmanship of the Requirements Committee, although he will continue as a member of that committee.
The other vice chairman will be James S. Knowlson, formerly Director of In-
(.Continued on page 4)
Despite the tremendous increase in steel plate production shown in the chart on this page, WPB Chairman Nelson emphasized in his press conference July 8 that disparity between supply and demand had forced the Anny and Navy to resiudy their whole program involving the material (see p. 4). For details about the growth of steel plate production, see page 7.
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July 14, 1942
Review of the Week
With most curtailment of nonessentials achieved and most plant expansions done, but with peak output still ahead, Chairman Nelson last week “realigned” the War Production Board for the two main tasks he sees ahead: controlling production through distribution of materials, and relating production to the strategy of the war. He said the Army and Navy will continue to tell WPB what their needs are; that WPB, in turn, will tell the Army and Navy when their needs must be reexamined because materials are short.
War spending $158,600,000 daily
These straws also showed how the wind was blowing:
A report by the Bureau of Industrial Conservation emphasized growing scarcities of metals and chemicals.
Ùnited States war expenditures rose to $158,600,000 daily for June, an increase of 6.3 percent over May and a total of more than 4 billion for the month.
WPB, in its first “economic communique,” revealed the people of America will know truly in 6 months at what sacrifice we accomplish the great flow of war materials—by then great peacetime stocks of civilian goods in many lines will be exhausted.
Davis orders “open door” to press
Meanwhile the results of another realignment became clearer when Director Elmer Davis announced the composition and policies of his new Office of War Information. Government agencies will issue their own releases except when the news cuts across the activities of other agencies or has a significant bearing on the war. In those cases OWI will issue or clear the news. Mr. Davis ordered that all agencies keep an “open door” to the press. The War and NaVy Departments will decide, “after consultation with the Director of War Information” what information of theirs must be withheld because it would aid the enemy.
Curb tightened on critical items
Continuing its efforts to save critical materials wherever possible, WPB issued
restrictions last week on manufacture of automotive spare parts, elevator equipment and drinking water coolers.
In order to supply needed machines to the places they will do the most good in fighting the war, WPB set controls over repair parts for track-laying tractors, phosphate plasticizers, plastics-molding machines and tire-making machinery, and forbade production of machine tools calling for special electrical installations.
The board subjected bauxite and alumina, calcium hypochloride and chloride of lime, to ^allocation; and announced a simplification program to turn paper manufacture to the types most needed. The WPB compliance branch set out to see, whether food canners are conserving tin according to orders.
Steps to free frozen inventories
On the positive side of the materials picture, WPB issued uniform rules on frozen inventories with the expectation of freeing hundreds of thousands of tons. The Materials Division announced that June shipments of steel plates totaled 1,050,962 tons as compared with the October 1941 figure of 593,152. Mr. Nelson revealed, however, that the shortage of steel plate has forced the Army and Navy to review their stated requirements.
WPB also extended high ratings for materials for emergency repairs to commercial air conditioning and refrigeration; gave sewing machine manufacturers an additional 2 months to manufacture spare parts; liberalized ratings for builders; and restored normal fuel oil deliveries to consumers in the States of Washington and Oregon.
Labor short in 138 types of jobs
On the labor supply front. War Manpower Commission Chairman McNutt published a list of 138 occupations, essential to war production, in which there is' a national shortage of labor. The most serious, he said, are in the vital metalworking and industrial machinery trades, and in occupations essential to ship, aircraft, tool, and ordnance manufacture.
Transportation Director Eastman issued a general order simplifying the
rules, which keep export goods out of ports until arrangements have been made to ship them.
New rules to keep prices in line
While millions in the East registered for the coupon books which will control their gasoline supply for 12 months, the Office of Price Administration went ahead with its other responsibility-keeping prices in line. New rules, regulations and adjustments applied to the following:
Women’s fur garments; pork, beef, and veal; rolled and wire glass; rotary out southern hardwood box lumber; waste fat and oil-bearing materials; bark from hemlock, oak, chestnut, and spruce; crude glycerine; “distress stocks” of iron and steel products; toluene; inner tubes; cotton fabrics; decorative fabrics; imported spirituous liquors; cresylic acid; zinc oxide; canned and dried fruits.
And the Office of War Information issued its first pamphlet, “The Unconquered People,” telling of the heroic resistance of the peoples of Europe and the evidence that they will join us in the battle for freedom when our forces reach their soil.
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OP A takes steps to save rubber now lost through tire abuse
Steps to save rubber now being wasted by ignorance of tire care and by deliberate abuse and neglect are being taken by the OP A.
Inspectors who examine tires as a part of the procedure followed by applicants for rationing certificates have been given a set of instructions to help them in determining when a tire is repairable and recappable and when it has been neglected or abused.
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WAR EFFORT’S PROGRESS TOLD VISUALLY
The charts appearing every week on the front cover of Victory tell the story of America’s battle as it is fought here at •home. One-column mats are available for publication by newspapers and others who may desire them. Requests should be sent to Distribution Section, Division of Information, OEM, Washington, D. C..
VICTORY
OFFICIAL BULLETIN of the Office for Emergency Management. Published weekly by the Division of Information, Office for Emergency Management, and printed at the United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D. Ç.
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July 14, 1942
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On the Home Front
Our mobilized war industry has passed two milestones on its march to victory over the Axis and has reached a third. We passed the first of these milestones when we shut down on nonessential civilian production and converted our plant facilities to the work of war; we passed the second when we went into high gear all along the war production line. And now we have reached the point at which we must channel the flow of raw materials into exactly those arteries which will bring us the right quantities of the right weapons at the strategically proper place and time.
WPB realignment clears the decks
That is the purpose behind last week’s realignment of the War Production Board by Chairman Donald M. Nelson. “It clears the decks to make controlling and expediting the flow of materials the Board’s central effort,” Mr. Nelson
pointed out, “increases the Board’s
activities in over-jail war production
strategy and strengthens the topside
policy . . .”
From now on we are going to hear less and less of conversion, except in the case of smaller plants, and less of production, except for certain bottlenecks, and more and more of supply.
Retailored “to make cloth fit coat”
As the tides of war ebb and flow we might need bombing planes one month, for example, to halt our enemies in the Near East—and might need a fleet of special purpose boats to help establish a beachhead in Europe the next. It’s up to the Army and Navy to decide at any given point what weapons must be given priority, and it’s up to the realigned WPB to see that the materials are routed to the plants that make them.
A nation that has always prided itself on inexhaustible resources, we must realize that the pressures of total war have turned plenty into poverty and that we are faced with shortages in almost every category—steel, copper, rubber, fats and even some kinds of lumber. And so WPB has been retailored to “make the cloth fit the coat,” as Mr. Nelson put it, to make sure our limited supplies meet the all-important demands.
Ships and tanks and guns and shells will win the war and none could be made without steel. Steel, rolled into staunch plates and riveted into the hulls of war-chip and cargo vessels, is the answer to
the Nazi subs, the key to the Battle of the Oceans.
America’s steel industry is doing a job. It is doing a better job every day, and occasionally it is possible to see, on the rising curve of a graph, just box/ much better. Last month, for instance, the steel industry shipped 1,050,962 net tons
of plate. It was the second successive month in which plate production had topped a million tons and it continues a month by month increase which began last autumn.
ODT has herculean task
The Office of Defense Transportation continues to wrestle with its tremendous problem; the problem of maintaining all our varied means of transportation at maximum strength to meet the needs of war and at the same time making sure that the essential transportation needs of the civilian economy are met.
ODT continues consolidation of intercity bus schedules to save rubber and equipment, presses its campaign for a more careful and efficient use of the Nation’s trucks, emphasizes the need for the pooled use of passenger autos—something which has now become the official concern of factory labor-management committes in the War Production Drive;
There’s no need to call the advantages of car pooling to the attention of 8 million motorists in the gasoline-rationed East. Last week they registered under a permanent coupon system which will al-Tow “A” card holders enough gasoline to drive their cars approximately 2,880 miles during the next 12 months
The War Production Drive formula of management-labor collaboration to increase war production continues to get results, continues to embrace more and more plants making the weapons and sup
plies with which we shall defeat the Axis. Today the number of plants with management-labor committees stands at more than 1,000.
That extra 2-pound ration of sugar you’ll get (or have already gotten) with ration stamp No. 7 is a bonus won for you by American shipping which braved Axis mines and subs to bring it in. Price Administrator Leon Henderson warns that “nobody knows . . . whether we can maintain our present ration levels in 1943” ___
Metals more scarce than ever
The growing scarcity of metals was emphasized the other day in a report by WPB’s Bureau of Industrial Conservation (conservation and substitution branch) and WPB has placed bauxite and alumina—the raw material of aluminum—under complete control. Aluminum makes warplanes and our goal is 60,000 war planes—this year . . . WPB is taking steps to make certain that there’s no waste of shipping space in vessels carrying war materials and supplies to our overseas troops and the troops of our allies . , . Because ODT has restricted the use of tank cars in hauls of less than 100 miles, thousands of these cars have been made available for long-haul service , . . An important effect of this will be to increase the amount of fuel oil which may be brought into the East to offset a dangerous shortage.
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IN THIS ISSUE
REPRINTING PERMISSIBLE
Requests have been received for permission to reprint "On the Home Front” in whole or in part. This column, like all other material in Victory, may be reprinted without special permission. If excerpts are used, the editors ask only that they be taken in such a way that their original meaning is preserved.
WAR PRODUCTION
Steel plates set new record______ 7
Scarcity of materials mounting___8
Automobile parts restricted______11.
Priority Actions_______________12
MANPOWER
Shortages in 138 war occupations_17
PRICE ADMINISTRATION
OPA to lift frozen food ceilings__ 20
TRANSPORTATION
General order to clear ports_____26
WAR INFORMATION
The unconquered people of Europe. 29
CIVILIAN DEFENSE
Courage at Dutch Harbor----------80
RATIONING
All gasoline use in East controlled. 18
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July 14, 1942
WPB realigns for new phase of production
(Continued from page dustry Operations. Mr. Knowlson will have responsibility for program determinations; he will serve as Mr. Nelson’s deputy on the Combined Production and Resources Board, and will be chairman of the Requirements Committee.
Just as all of the program development work is brought together under Mr. Knowlson, all of the operational work— including the industry and material branches, appropriate bureaus, and the field organization—is brought together under a Director General of Operations. This post has been given to Amory Houghton, formerly deputy chief of the Bureau of Industry Branches. Thus the programs and policies governing the flow of materials which are worked out under Mr. Knowlson are put into operation through the operating units controlled by Mr. Houghton.
To check on program progress
A third important phase of the work— checking up to see that programs are properly carried out—is entrusted to a deputy chairman on Program Progress. This oflicer will, so to speak, be WPB’s inspector general, working ¡with the operating units of WPB, with the Supply Arms and Services to which the Chairman has delegated procurement, production and expediting responsibility.
Important features
, One of the most important parts of the new structure is the fact that it gives WPB (1) a closer relationship to the broad strategic picture, and (2) a closer relationship to the other governmental agencies which have responsibility for various parts of the war program.
As to strategy: The tie-up between WPB and the Combined Production and Resources Board is made close and effective. The work done by the Combined Production and Resources Board can be woven into the operations of WPB in such a way that decisions made by the Combined Board can be translated speedily into programs and action by WPB, and also so that the potentialities of the American economy can be understood by the Combined Board and woven into its decisions.
Other features of the new organizational arrangement include:
Formation of a Smaller War Plants Corporation, in line with legislation recently passed by Congress.
Leon Henderson remains as director
of the Office of Civilian Supply, serving as chief adviser to the Chairman on the changing needs Of the civilian economy in war time.
Working with the vice chairman on program determination will be the Procurement Policy Division, formerly the Division of Purchases,. under Holder Hudgins, and a new Construction Program Division, which will be responsible for considering and programming all plans for capital expansion, whether military or otherwise, and making sure that facilities expansion projects are in accord with the maximum over-all program.
The Labor Production Division continues under Wendell Lund, and reports directly to thejChairman.
Working with the Director General of Operations will be the following units,
other than the industry and commodity branches:
The Conservation Division.
A new Production Engineering Division, which will help in the development and wide use of new production methods and techniques in the war program.
A new Facilities Utilization Division, which will be responsible for seeing to it that proper use is made of available productive facilities.
The Inventory Control Division.
The Division of Industry Advisory Committees.
The Priorities Administration Division.
Reporting directly to the Chairman, as units whose services are used by all parts of the WPB, will be the Legal Division, the Office of Organizational Planning, the Office of Information, the Planning Committee, the Statistics Division, and the Administrative Division.
SEE CHART
WPB to tell Army and Navy when their needs must be reexamined because of shortages
It will be a function of the War Production Board to tell the Army and Navy when any of their stated needs must be reexamined because of shortages in materials, WPB Chairman Nelson said July 8 in describing the realignment of the board.
Excerpts from Mr. Nelson’s press conference:
Q. How do you relate, sir, to the Army and Navy Munitions Board?
Mr. Nelson. Our relation to the Army and Navy Munitions Board is going to be continued to be studied to see just what the relation should be. There may be part of the Army and Navy Munitions Board that will be merged with this organization . . .
There are certain functions of the Army and Navy Munitions Board that belong with the Army and Navy. For example, if there is a conflict between the Army and the Navy that should first be ironed out by the services through the Army and Navy Munitions Board and that makes a very good mechanism to do that.
On the other hand, there may be industry committees or statistical work on other things being done over there that directly overlap with us here, and where that overlapping occurs, why, it will just have to be eliminated. . . •
The Army and Navy . . . must tell us whether they want airplanes first or ships first or tanks first and establish an urgency. It is their job to establish the relative urgencies. We fit in with it the urgencies of the indirect military such as synthetic rubber plants, 100-octane-gas plants, mining machinery, transportation, agricultural machinery, things that the economy absolutely has to have. We intersperse those with those urgencies, and together it makes up a program . . .
Q. As far as your relation is concerned, they tell you what they need—they decide the point of need?
A. That’s right.
Q. And you inform them when the situation with regard to materials---
A. Requires a relook at that need; yes.
Q. And you tell them that the need must be reexamined in the light of the material situation as you find it?
A. That’s right. Just as right now the Army and the Navy chiefs of staff, through their delegated authorities, the Shipping Administration and the Maritime Commission, are studying the whole program involving steel pllate, because the demand for steel plate is greater than the supply of steel plate.
WAR PRODUCTION BOARD ORGANIZATION-July 8,1942
July 14, 1942
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WAR PRODUCTION ...
Army-Navy-WPB group to formulate production requirements plan policies
Appointment of a committee in the Bureau of Priorities, representing the interested groups of the War Production Board and the Army and Navy Munitions Board, to formulate policies and supervise the administration of the production requirements plan and the allocation classification system was announced July 7 by WPB Chairman Nelson.
The production requirements plan, since it became mandatory on July 1 for most large users of metal, is now the principal method used by WPB to direct the flow of materials into war and essential nonmilitary production.
Will seek to simplify form
Chairman of the new committee is Henry P. Nelson, assistant chief of the Bureau of Priorities in charge of requirements. Other members are from the Division of Civilian Supply, Materials Division, Bureau of Industry Branches, Bureau of Priorities, Require-
ments Committee, and Army and Navy Munitions Board.
The new committee will review the PRP application form PD-25A for use in applications for the fourth quarter of 1942. It is the intention of the committee to simplify the form as much as possible. The new forms were expected to be ready within three weeks from July 7.
Other responsibilities of the committee include establishment of time schedules for all PRP operations; determination of the routing of PRP applications within WPB; establishment of the methods of implementing the decisions of the Requirements Committee with respect to the acquisition of materials for production by industry.
In order to assure consistency and uniformity, all reports, orders and other communications concerning PRP prepared by the branches of WPB for circulation outside an individual operating branch must be approved by the production requirements operating committee.
Bauxite and alumina placed under allocation control
Increased bauxite production in southern ore fields was forecast July 7 by the action of the Director of Industry Operations in placing bauxite and alumina, from which aluminum is produced, under complete allocation control.
The action, in issuance of Order M-l-h, was taken to conserve high-grade bauxite, that containing less than 15 percent silica, for the manufacture of products needed for war.
Effective August 1, the order gives consumers of restricted bauxite and alumina until September 1 to use up materials on hand, provided the amount used between July 1 and August 31 does not exceed one-third the amount so used during the last 6 months of 1941.
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Priority applicants to use case numbers for queries
A new service for applicants for priority assistance who use Individual PD-IA certificates was announced July 7 by Industry Operations Director Knowlson.
If applicants will enclose with their application blank a self-addressed post card, the case number assigned to their application will be stamped on the card, and it will be returned to them to facilitate handling of subsequent inquiries with respect to the application. In order to avoid unnecessary correspondence, applicants are requested not to make inquiries concerning their cases for two weeks after they have been received by WPB. This is the maximum time normally required to process an application.
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War workers can get only third, fourth, fifth line new tires
Only third, fourth, and fifth line new tires will be available to war plant workers who get certificates entitling them to buy Grade H tires, the OPA announced July 8.
This is made plain by Amendment No. 20 to the Revised Tire Rationing Regulations, effective July 15.
Nelson and Lyttelton name deputies to serve on production, resources board
In accordance with paragraph (b) 4 of the memorandum of the President and the Prime Minister constituting the Combined Production and Resources Board, the members July 5 announced their appointment of deputies.
Philip Reed going to London
Donald M. Nelson, American member of the Board, has appointed as his deputy James S. Knowlson, WPB Director of the Division of Industry Operations.
Captain Oliver Lyttelton, British member of the Board, has appointed Sir Robert J. Sinclair, K. B. E., at present director general of Army Requirements in the British War Office, as his deputy. Sir Robert will leave London for Washington shortly.
Mr. Nelson’s representatives in London will be W. Averill Harriman, Lend-Lease Coordinator, and Philip D. Reed, who will
be Harriman’s deputy and who has been serving as chief of the Bureau of Industry Branches, WPB.
The chief executive officers of the Combined Production and Resources Board will be Milton Katz, of the WPB, and T. H. Brand, of the War Cabinet Secretariat in London.
Combined planning staff set up
John Gregg of the WPB and W. Piercy of the British Supply Council In North America will be the secretaries of the Board.
A combined planning staff is being set up. This staff will include Stacy May, Robert Nathan, and John Fennelly, of the WPBfand R. W. B. Clarke, of the Joint War Production Staff in London, and R. G. D. Allen, of the British Supply Council in North America.
July 14, 1942
July 14, 1942
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Beverage industry sets fast pace in conversion for war
The beverage distilling industry Is making rapid progress in converting its facilities to the production of alcohol for war, the technical and production subcommittee of the distilled spirits advisory committee has reported to the WPB, John B. Smiley, chief, beverages and alcohol branch, WPB, announced July 6.
Mr. Smiley pointed out that conversion of beverage distilleries to war production will enable the Government to'meet the huge demands for industrial alcohol without using scarce materials to build new plants.
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Madagascar flake graphite regulations are changed
Changes in order M-61 covering the use of Madagascar flake graphite were announced July 7 by the Director of Industry Operations.
The order as amended permits jobbers to acquire crucibles made of this material without application for authorization to do so. Control is retained by WPB because the jobber may not deliver any crucibles without specific authorization.
Applicants for crucibles containing Madagascar flake graphite must use, after August 1, Form PD-575 instead of PD-1A. Applicants for this grade of graphite to manufacture crucibles will continue to use PD-303B. Persons seeking Madagascar flake graphite for other than crucible purposes will apply by letter to the War Production Board.
The amendment redefines Madagascar flake graphite as that mined in Madagascar of a grade that will stand on a 35 mesh screen.
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High test calcium hypochlorite goes under allocation
To insure adequate supplies of high test calcium hypochlorite and chloride of lime, commonly known as bleaching powder, for civilian defense gas decontamination and for essential uses of the Army and Navy, the entire supply was put under complete allocation control July 6 by the Director of Industry Operations.
Steel plate output tops a million tons for second successive month
The steel industry has done an increasingly effective job of producing steel plates for war production, A. L Henderson, Director of Materials, declared July 9 in releasing June shipment figures of 1,050,962 net tons.
This is the second successive month plate output has topped a million tons and continues the month-by-month increase started last fall. May shipments were 1,012,194 tons.
Strip mills converted
Greatest factor in the increase, Mr. Henderson pointed out, has been the extremely difficult problem of converting continuous strip mills to plate production.
Strip mills were designed to produce large quantities of steel sheet, mostly for the automotive industry. The problems involved in rolling and handling plates one inch thick as compared to sheets one twenty-fifth of an inch thick are obvious. Heavier equipment is needed all along the line. Less obvious but actually more complex has been the problem of additional space to house this heavier equipment and to handle heavy plate. Partitions have been ripped out, walls moved and every sort of expedient used to make way for the plates that make ships, guns, and tanks.
How successful this effort has been is evidenced by June output of 489,704 tons of plates from strip mills that were producing none a few months ago. May production was 425,211 tons.
Plants rebuild equipment
This is the first time since the program opened that plate production from strip mills has exceeded that from sheared mills. These latter, regular source of plates, turned out 438,000 tons In June.
Approximately 75 percent of the record June output went to fill Army, Navy, and Maritime Commission requirements.
Stronger cranes to move plates and heavier shears to cut them have been necessary in all the converted mills. In many instances this equipment has not been obtainable and “bits and pieces” have been used to build necessary machines.
The Irvin Works of Carnegie-Illinois, for instance, took a steam-driven shear of nineteenth century vintage, coupled it with an old roller-leveler and reconditioned both units into a modern electric-driven finishing line. A single crew, re
cruited from other departments of the plant and without previous experience in plate production, now holds the record of 636.5 tons of plates in an 8-hour shift on this machine.
Novel solutions found
Throughout the Industry, similar practice has been followed. Otis Steel’s Lakeside plant has doubled its plate production in recent months on equipment far from new, not designed for heavy plate and with time off for repairs not available. This has been accomplished by constant vigilance on the maintenance end.
The great problem in producing plate on strip mills has not been the production itself, however, but one of what to do with the plates after they are rolled. And in this department the Campbell plant of Youngstown Sheet and Tube has the No. 1 headache and has worked out the most novel solution.
The Campbell plant was faced with the difficulty of insufficient floor space. As it is built close to other finishing mills, no additional space could be obtained for cooling tables, shears and finishing equipment. *
Henderson praises workers
Out of this limited space hot plates must be kept moving to make way for others coming off the line. Sweating crews move these hot plates into freight cars which carry them 6 miles up the Mahoning Valley to the Brier Hill plant where they are finished on equipment which was part of a mill built in World War I.
. And so it goes. Jones and Laughlin’s Pittsburgh Works picked up an abandoned gravity conveyor to move its plate from one building to another. From every converted mill come similar reports of utilization of existing equipment, ingenious devices and hard work that have accomplished the change-over in days rather than months.
“The Nation owes a special debt of gratitude to the steel workers who have made this record possible,” Mr. Henderson said. “They have carried on a difficult assignment capably and willingly.
“We hope to increase plate production to some extent by the installation of new finishing equipment and to relieve, at the same time, some of the difficulties under which the industry now is working.”
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July 14, 1942
Growing scarcity of metals and chemicals
emphasized in fourth report on supplies
The growing scarcity of metals and chemicals is emphasized in the fourth provisional report on relative scarcity of certain materials issued July 6 by the conservation and substitution branch of the Bureau of Industrial Conservation. The third report was issued June 1.
Grouping represents current situation
As in previous reports, the July 6 issue lists materials in three groups, according to the availability of current supplies. The first group lists materials in which very serious shortages exist. Harvey A. Anderson, chief of the branch, directed attention to the serious status of steel supplies by the classification within this group of certain steel products as “very critical.” Civilian industries not essential to the war effort are practically deprived of Group I materials, but can frequently continue production by substitution of materials in either of the following groups.
Supplies of items in Group 2 are sufficient for war needs and are available in fair quantities for essential civilian requirements.
The third group lists materials in which the supply is adequate for all types of present demands, including use as substitutions.
GROUP I
The available supply of the following materials is inadequate for war and essential civilian uses and in many cases for war purposes alone
Metals
Alloy iron, ‘aluminum, aluminum pigments, •brass, * bronze, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, ♦copper, ‘copper scrap.
Iridium, lithium, ‘magnesium, manganese, (electro), molybdenum, ‘nickel and nickel alloys, ‘nickel scrap, rhodium, ‘tantalum, ‘tin, ‘tungsten, ‘tungsten carbide, ‘vanadium, wrought iron, zinc (high grade).
Supply status of certain steel products: Very Critical—‘alloy and shell stee|, ‘steel plates, ‘structural steel and steel piling, ‘seamless steel tubing (4" & under), ‘wire rope, ‘tinplate; Critical—sheets and strip, wife products, black and terne plate, rails and reinforcing steel, semifinished steel and forgings, tool steel bars, pipe.
Chemicals
Acetone, ‘acrylonitrile, alcohol, lauryl, ammonia and derivatives, ammonium cyanamide, ammonium sulphate, ‘aniline and derivatives, anthraquinone derivatives, benzol and derivatives, ‘butadiene.
Calcium cyanamide and derivatives, cobalt chemicals, copper chemicals, cresols, diphenylamine, glycerol, iron oxide (yellow hydrated) , mannitol, naphthalene and derivatives, naphthenic acids and naphthenates.
Pentarythritol, phenol, phosphates: tricresyl & triphenyl, phthalic anhydride and derivatives, silica gel, sodium nitrate, sorbitol, sulphur chlorides, ‘toluol and derivatives, zinc oxide (French).
Miscellaneous Products
Agar, asbestos (long fiber), balsa wood, burlap, cashew nut shell oil, ‘coconut oil, ‘copra, corundum, cotton (chemical pulp, duck, linters, raw, long staple), diamond dies (fine sizes), feathers (up to 4"), and down (goose and duck), graphite (Madagascar flake).
Hemp (agave fiber, henequen, ‘manila fiber, cordage, seed, sisal), jewel bearings, jute, kapok, kyanite, lumber (better grades softwood, ex. white pines better grades hardwood ex. gums).
Methyl methacrylate sheets, mica (block), nylon, oiticica oil, palm kernel oil, phenol formaldehyde resins and plastics, pig and hog bristles over 3", polystyrene, ‘polyvinyl chloride, pyrethrum.
Quartz crystal, quinine, rapeseed oil, rayon (high tenacity), rotenone, rubber (‘chlorinated, ‘crude, ‘latex, reclaimed, ‘synthetic), shearlings, ‘shellacs, silicon carbide, silk (‘raw, ‘noils, ‘garnetted, reclaimed), sperm oil, teak, ‘tung oil.
GROUP II
Materials that are essential to the war industries but the supplies of which are not as limited as those in Group I
Metals
Aluminum scrap, aluminum (No. 12 remelt), antimony, bismuth, calcium, calciumsilicon, columbium, ferrosilicon, ferrotitanium. v, .
Drawn for Division of Information, O. E. M.
KID SALVAGE
This is KID SALVAGE, a character drawn by Steig especially for OEM. Mats for publication are available in either 1- or 2-column size upon request to Distribution Section, Office of War Information, Washington, D. C. When ordering mats, refer to code number and specify size.
Iron (gray cast, malleable), mercury, pig iron and scrap, platinum, ruthenium.
Silicomanganese, silicon and alloys, silver, spiegeleisen, steel (bessemer, chrome stainless, “National Emergency,” scrap), zinc (low grades), uranium.
Chemicals
Acetic acid, acetic anhydride, alcohol (amyl, ethyl, methyl), acrylic acid and acrylates, alkyd resins, alumina, aluminum chemicals, arsenic trioxide, atebrine (for quinine), bleaching powder, bromine.
Butanol, butyl acetates, calcium hypochlorite, chlorates and perchlorates, chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents and waxes, chlorine, chromium chemicals, citric acid, ethers, formaldehyde, glycol.
Iodine, isopropanol, ketones (ex. acetone), lactic acid and lactates, maleic acid and anhydride, methyl ethyl ketone, molybdenum chemicals, perchlorates, phosphorous, soda ash, strontium salts, kylol.
Miscellaneous Products
Albumin (blood), alpha cellulose (wood pulp), babassu oil, bauxite (reduction grade), cadmium pigments, castor oil cellophane, cellulose nitrate (acetate, and other derivatives), cohune nuts and kernels, cork, cotton seed (SXP) cryolite, diamonds (industrial), ester gum.
Flax, fish liver oils, fish oils, glues (animal and vegetable), hair (horse-tail and mane), halogenated hydrocarbon refrigerants, hides, leather, linseed oil.
Magnesite, mercury pigments, methyl methacrylate powder, mica (splittings) molasses, natural gas, natural resins (except rosin), neatsfoot oil, palm oil, paraffin, pine oil.
Rayon filament (staple fiber), rutile, steatite talc, tanning materials, tetraethyl lead, urea formaldehyde plastics, vinyl plastics and resins, vinylidine chloride plastics, vitamin "A" products, vulcanized fiber, wool, zircon.
GROUP m
Materials that are available in significant quantities as substitutes for less available materials, and materials that are available in large amounts unless restrictions are imposed by labor, manufacturing, or transportation difficulties
Metals
Ferroboron, ferromanganese, gold, indium, lead, osmium, palladium, sodium.
Chemicals
Barium carbonate, borax and boric acid, camphor, caustic soda, chromic acid for plating, muriatic acid, sodium metasilicate.
Miscellaneous Products
Asbestos.(common), asphalt, bauxite (low grade), bentonite, brick and tile, carbon black, casein, cement (portland), ceramics, charcoal, clay, coal and coke, coal tar pitch, concrete, plain, corn stalks, cotton (raw, up to 1%"), cottonseed oil, diatomite.
Emery, feldspar, felt (hair), fiber board, flint, gilsonite, .glass, gypsum and products, hair (cattle, calf and goat), invert sugar, lead pigments, lignin extender for plastics, lime, lithopone, lumber and millwork (low grades soft and hard wood, all grades gums, all grades white pines).
Miba (ground), mineral wool, paper (except cellophane), paperboard, peanut oil, petroleum products (crude oil, gasoline, lubricating oil), flywood (unrestricted binder), pottery, refractories (domestic—andalusite, dumortierite, kyanite), rosin and derivatives (except ester gum).
Salt, silica sand, soybeans (oil, protein), spodumene, starch (domestic), stone (granite, limestone, marble, slate, soapstone), straw, sugar, sulphur, sunflower seed oil, titanium pigments, tripoli, turpentine, vermiculite, wallboard, wood and products (sawdust, wood fiber, wood flour), zinc oxide (Am process).
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
WPB speeds flow of vital materials to Canada
In order to effectuate further the general policy of removing barriers to the flow of strategic materials from this country to Canada, the WPB July 9 issued Priorities Regulation No. 14.
The new regulation provides that where the United States Army, Navy and Maritime Commission are excepted from the restrictions imposed by limitation and conservation orders, the corresponding Canadian agencies are also excepted.
The corresponding agencies of the two countries are:
United States—Army or War Department, Navy or Navy Department, and Maritime Commission.
This cartoon was drawn especially for Victory by Dr. Seuss. This notice constitutes full permission to reprint the drawing. Engravings may be direct from this reproduction, or three-column mats will be furnished on application to Distribution Section, Office of War Information, Washington, D. C. Refer to V-64.
Canada—Army and Air Force, Navy, Wartime Merchant Shipping, Ltd. and Trafalgar Shipbuilding Co,, Ltd.
Most of the limitation and conservation orders issued by WPB provide that any restrictions they impose on production and delivery do not apply to the specifications in purchase orders placed by the Armed Services and the Maritime Commission.
Nelson praises Independence Day Production efforts
Chairman Donald M. Nelson of the War Production Board said July 10 that American industry and labor had made a splendid response to his recent appeal for full war production on the July fourth holiday, and that production of war goods on that holiday had been far above ordinary holiday production levels.
"I want to thank industry and labor for their willingness to stay on the job on Independence Day,” Mr. Nelson said. “That response symbolizes the determination of the American people to work and work hard until the war has been won.”
10
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
Critical materials restricted for industrial power trucks; models limited
Strict control of the production and distribution of industrial power trucks— the types designed primarily for handling material in and around factories, warehouses, docks, airports and depots— was ordered by the WPB July 10.
Orders on A-9 or higher
General Limitation Order L-112 is designed to cut the use of critical materials to a practical minimum and limit the manufacture of models to those required to do the job for the duration of the war.
Effective immediately, manufacturers are prohibited from accepting any order for an industrial power truck other than an order rated A-9 or higher on Preference Rating Certificate PD-1A or PD-3A. In addition, no manufacturer may deliver, and no person may accept delivery of, any industrial power truck except on an order placed before July 10 bearing a rating of A-l-k or higher, or on an order placed after that date rated A-9 or higher on PD-1A or PD-3A. These restrictions do not apply to equipment placed in the hands of a common or contract carrier, before July 10, for shipment to a purchaser.
The Army, Navy, Maritime Commission, and War Shipping Administration are exempt from the order’s provisions for 90 days.
Rubber curb for insulated wiring covers all military uses
WPB July 10 revised its specifications governing the use of rubber in insulated wire and cable and made them applicable to all military uses in order to save an additional 150 to 200 tons of crude rubber per month.
Specifications which had been in effect until July 10 were applicable only to insulated wire and cable being made for civilian uses.
The new specifications, incorporated in Amendment 8 to Order M-15-b-l, are applicable to civilian orders, war orders, and all other orders placed by governmental agencies. An exception ismade for certain types of wire and cable w hich require heavier than normal insulation, such as submarine cable, military field communication swire, and specially designed naval and aviation cable.
ELEVATOR MAKING CURBED TO SAVE VITAL MATERIALS
Rigid control over the manufacture and delivery of elevator equipment and certain types of elevators was established by the WPB July 9 in an effort to conserve critical materials and assure an adequate supply of equipment for essential use. Elevators manufactured under the terms of the order will be of simpler design and slower speed than many of those now being produced.
General Conservation Order L-89, issued July 9 and effective immediately, sets up a system of “restricted orders,” and provides that no person may accept any of these orders without authorization'by the Director of Industry Operations.
★ ★ ★
Machine tool specifications simplified to speed production
In a further move to eliminate bottlenecks in the manufacture of machine tools, the WPB July 10 prohibited production of tools calling for special electrical specifications after July 15.
Covers equipment not normally used
Special electrical specifications include nonstandardized types of electrical controls, motors, and other equipment not normally used by machine tool makers. They also include methods of attachment of such appliances which represent departures from the usual technical practices.
Issuance of the order (L-147) is expected to expedite increased production of machine tools through simplification of manufacturing specifications. In the past, machine tool purchasers have made a practice of developing their own specifications, with the result that the tool maker was forced to spend time and effort in analyzing the specifications and readapting his production processes for each new order.
Certain exceptions to the regulations are listed in the order. These include orders placed by the Army, Navy or Maritime Commission for their own use and orders authorized by the War Production Board. Permission for the latter will be considered only if a letter setting forth the reasons why special electrical specifications are necessary is sent in triplicate addressed to the Tools Branch, Ref: L-147, War Production Board.
WPB puts plastics-moldmg machinery under control to assure plenty for war plants
Specifically defined restrictions on production and delivery of new plastics-molding machinery are imposed by provisions of Limitation Order L-159, announced July 6 by the Director of Industry Operations.
The action was taken to prevent production of such machinery for nonwar purposes and to assure an adequate supply of the machinery for manufacture of plastic articles needed in the war production program.
The order lists five different types of “approved” orders which may be accepted and filled by manufacturers of molding machinery. Such machinery includes:
Plastic injection molding presses; plastic compression molding presses, hydraulic, automatic, mechanical; plastic extrusion molding presses; plastic preforming presses; plastic laminating presses; plastic tube and rod molding presses; plastic tube rolling machines; plastic-bonded plywood veneer presses.
★ ★ ★
WPB cuts type of water coolers to save materials, facilities
WPB has ordered an immediate reduction in sizes and types of the common drinking water coolers and refrigeration condensing units used for various commercial and industrial purposes.
The action was taken under a new Limitation Order, L-12^, which provides for issuance of schedules establishing specifications and restrictions for production of industrial and commercial, air conditioning and refrigeration equipment.
Substantial gains foreseen
It is expected that substantial savings of critical raw materials and facilities will result from the simplification program.
Use of aluminum and block tin tubing or tin casting in production of self-contained water coolers is banned. Alloy steel, stainless steel, monel, or other nickel alloy metals are also prohibited except in refrigerant and electric controls with the ¿ provision that such use be in the minimum amount practicable. Various other limitations on the use of metals are included.'
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
11
Tire-making machinery delivery subject to WPB
WPB has prohibited all production and delivery of tire manufacturing machinery and equipment without specific authorization of the Director of Industry _ Operations.
Limitation Order L-143, announced July 6, also imposes restrictions on reconditioning and rebuilding used tire machinery and equipment.
Till July 19 to wind up production
Manufacturers are allowed 15 days from the date of issuance of the order (July 4, 1942) to -complete current production. No further unauthorized production will be allowed and delivery of raw materials or semifabricated or fabricated parts for incorporation in unauthorized new machinery will be banned at the expiration of the 15-day period. A similar time period is allowed for completion of current unauthorized reconditioning and rebuilding operations.
Persons desiring to purchase tire machinery or equipment after expiration of the 15-day period are required to make application on Form PD-552 addressed to the War Production Board, special industrial machinery branch, and marked Ref : L-143. If authorization is granted by the Director of Industry Operations, it is to be presented to suppliers who then will be allowed to make deliveries.
Purchase of repair and maintenance parts for tire machinery and equipment will not be allowed except for repair of actual breakdowns where parts are not otherwise available, and for acquisition of inventories not in excess of minimum requirements for ordinary operations. Manufacturers are allowed to produce repair or maintenance parts in quantities not in excess of amounts required for a working inventory.
Facilities enough for rubber supply
In issuing the order, the special industrial machinery branch of the Division of Industry Operations pointed out that the Federal Government is practically the sole customer for tires today, with all sales under strict allocation. For that reason, steps had to be taken to avoid duplication of tire manufacturing facilities which, for the most part, have been found adequate in relation to the available supply of raw rubber.
. ★ ★
Truck trailer stop order includes passenger trailers too
The order (L-l-g) stopping production of truck trailers as of June 30 has been amended to make it clear that it applies also to passenger trailers. Amendment No. 1 to the order, issued July 6, redefines a truck trailer to mean a complete semitrailer or full trailer having a load-carrying capacity of 10,000 pounds or more, designed exclusively for transportation of property or persons.
Auto parts go under curb on production and inventory, to free war materials
A blanket order governing production of spare parts for all types of automotive equipment and imposing rigid restrictions on inventories has been issued by the Director of Industry Operations.
1,400 manufacturers affected
Approximately 1,400 manufacturers of replacement parts for passenger cars, light, medium and heavy trucks, trailers, buses and off-the-highway vehicles are affected by the order, (L-158), which covers the two remaining quarters of this year and supersedes all previous orders (L-35, L-4 and L-4-c) relating to spare parts;
Parts to be produced under the terms of the order represent the minimum number required to retain the efficiency of thé country’s motor transportation system. Because of the rigid production and inventory restrictions, it is expected 'that high priority assistance will be made available to parts producers so that essential motor vehicles can be maintained for the duration of the war.
Consumers must turn in used parts
An Important feature of the order, which is expected to make available to the national scrap pile a quantity of scarce materials almost equal to that involved in the production of new spare parts, is a provision requiring consumers, after July 15, to turn in to distributors a used part before accepting delivery of a new part. In addition, the order provides that no new part may be sold or delivered to a consumer to replace a part which can be reconditioned by a distributor.
Production restrictions
During the third and fourth quarters of this year, producers will be permitted to manufacture parts on either of two bases:
Manufacturers of parts for medium and heavy trucks, trailers, buses and off-the-highway vehicles may make up to 125 percent of their sales of these parts during the same period last year, provided their over-all inventory of parts does not exceed a 4-month supply. On the other hand, if their inventory exceeds a 4-month supply they may manufacture up to 75 percent of their sales during the same period in 1941, provided they do not increase their inventory position at the end of each calendar quarter over what it was at the beginning of each calendar quarter.
Manufacturers of spare parts for passenger cars and light trucks may make up to 70 percent of their sales during the corresponding quarter last year, provided their over-all Inventory does not exceed a 4-month sup
ply. If their Inventory is in excess of this amount they may manufacture up to 50 percent of their sales during the same period last year, provided they do not increase their inventory position at the end of each calendar quarter over what it was at the beginning of each calendar quarter.
★ ★ ★
Rating no longer needed on asbestos textiles for auto use
Order M-123 was amended July 6 by the Director of Industry Operations to permit the use of asbestos textiles in the manufacture of brake linings, clutch facings and other woven friction materials without an A-10 rating.
Under the existing order this rating is required and has been obtained by the automotive industry through orders P-54 and P-57. With the use of the Production Requirements Plan these orders will be eliminated. The July 26 amendment will permit the orderly flow of this ma-z terial to the automotive industry without a rating.
As the manufacture of woven friction material is set up to supply the normal needs of the automotive industry the. amount available is far in excess of current demand.
★ ★ ★
Sewing machine parts get 2-month extension
Sewing machine manufacturers are given until December 31, 1942—an additional two months—to manufacture spare parts, in Amendment No. 1, issued July 7, to General Limitation Order L-98.
The amendment shifts the basis for limitation from number of parts made to weights of metal used. Iron and steel may now be used at a rate of 125 percent of the average monthly use in the two years ended December 31,1941, and nonferrous metals at a rate of 100 percent of their use in the base period.
The amendment gives rebuilders other than manufacturers until July 15 to rebuild sewing machines, but orders that they must stop after that. Manufacturers had been told to stop rebuilding on May 25.
12
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
Field men investigate food canners’ operations
The compliance branch of WPB has launched an investigation into the operations of food canners in order to determine the extent to which they áre complying with orders issued by the Director of Industry Operations regulating the canning of food stuffs, the conservation of tin and terne plate, and the repair and maintenance of canning machinery.
Conservation Order M-86 and Supplementary Order M-86-a require that stated percentages of the packs of certain foods canned since January 1, 1942, be set aside for the armed forces. A large percentage of the companies which will be investigated have not filed reports of their seasonal packs, and the compliance branch has designed a questionnaire to obtain the information which the companies should have submitted. The questionnaire is designed also to disclose the degree of compliance with the tin and terne plate and repair and maintenance orders.
The Wage and Hour Division of the Department of Labor has agreed to designate a sufficient number of its investigators to make the necessary field examinations.
★ ★ ★
Ohio firm penalized for misrepresenting pig iron use
The Burch Corporation, a Crestline, Ohio, foundry, is penalized for misrepresentation when applying for pig iron allocations and the subsequent diversion of substantial quantities of this scarce war material, by Suspension Order S-67, announced July 9 by the Director of Industry Operations.
★ ★ ★
Utility company may sell excess stocks on A-5 or higher
A utility company may sell materials from excess stocks or inventories to any other utility company or war production plants, provided the order for such materials carries a preference rating of A-5 or higher. This is provided for in Amendment No. 2 to P-46, announced July 9.
PRIORITY ACTIONS
Subject Order No. Related form Issued Expiration date Rating
Air conditioning machinery and equipment (industrial and commercial refrigeration) : a. WPB orders immediate reduction in
L-126 7-3-42
sizes and types of common drinking water coolers and refrigeration condensing units used for various commercial and industrial purposes. Aluminum: a. Bauxite and alumina, from which aluminum is produced, placed under complete allocation control. Asbestos textiles: a. Permits use of asbestos textiles in manu- M-l-h PD-567, 568 7-7-42 Until re-
M-123 (as amend. 7-4-42). M-194 7-4-42 voked.
facturing of brake linings, clutch facings, and other woven friction materials without A-10 rating. Cattle hides, calf and kip skins: a. Places complete allocation control over entire supply of domestic "cattle hides, calf and kid skins and buffalo hides. Chemicals: a. Entire supply of high-test calcium hypochlorite and chloride of lime placed under complete allocation control. Chromium: a. Order extended indefinitely PD-569, 569A, 569C, 569D. PD-574 .. 7-3-42
M-19-a._ - 7-6-42
M-18-a (amend. 7-1-42 Until re-
b. Restrictions of L-128, applying to use of chromium and nickel in automotive valves, do not affect manufacture, sales, and deliveries for the Army, Navy, or Maritime Commission under amendment No. 1. ' Diamond dies: a. Small diamond dies placed under complete allocation control. Domestic cooking appliances: a. A provision of Order L-23-c revoked.... Domestic sewing machines: a. Sewing machine manufacturers given additional 2 months in which to manufacture repair parts. Kapok: a. Period in which dealers may sell kapok to manufacturers is extended. Kitchen, household and other miscellaneous . ■ artices: a. Restrictions on use of iron, steel and zinc in production of above éxtended through July. Lead: a. July lead pool set at 15 percent of May production. Pool set until further notice. Madagascar flake graphite: a. Permits jobbers to acquire crucibles made of this material without authorization. Control over deliveries still retained by WPB. Manila fiber and manila cordage: a. Processing, sale and delivery of manila cordage cut almost in half. Material entering into the production oi replacement parts for passenger automobile, light, medium and heavy motor trucks, truck trailers, passenger carriers and off-the-highway motor vehicles: a. A blanket order governing production of spare parts for all types of automotive equipment. Order supersedes previous orders (L-35, L-4, L-4-c) relating to spare parts. Motor trucks, truck trailers and passenger carriers:“ a. Order L-l-g, stopping production of truck trailers amended to make it clear that it applies to passenger trailers. b. Revocation of General Limitation Order Lr-35. Material entering into the production of replacement parts for passenger automobiles and light trucks: a. Revocation of Limitation Order L-4.... b. Revocation of Supplementary Order L—4—c. Papef (simplification and standardization of) : a. Control placed over manufacture of paper under L-120 and various schedules attached. Writing paper, envelope, book, and ordinary tablet paper are covered by order. Order effective twenty days after date of issuance. 3). L-128 (amend. 1).. 7-6-42 voked.
M-181 - PD-559, 560 7-1-42
L-23-c (amend. 1). L-98 (amend. 1)... 7-4-42
7-6-42
M-85 (as amend. 7-2-42). L-30 (amend. 4) 7-2-42
-1-42
M-38-j 7-4-42
M-61 (as amend. 7-7-42). M-36 (as amend. 7-4-42). L-158 PD-575, 303B 7-7-42
7-4-42
7-4-42
T.-1-g (amend. 11— 7-4-42
7-4-42
Tv-4 (revoked) 7-4-42 •
7-4-42
L-120..---— 7-4-42
L-120, schedule 1, 7-4-42
Phosphate plasticizers: a. Entire supply, production, and use of plasticizers placed under allocation control.' 2, 3,4, and 5. M-183 - — PD-558, 557... 7- 2-42
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
13
Subject Order No. Related form Issued Expiration date Rating
Plastics molding machinery: a. Restrictions placed on production and delivery of new plastics molding machinery. Projects, defense (material entering into the construction of): a. Amended to include Certain “expendible materials” consumed in construction of L-159 P-19-a (amend. 2). PD-554.. 7- 4-42 7- 7-42
the projects. b. Permits builders operating under P-19-a and P-19-h to use preference rating assigned by order to obtain expendible items which are not actually incorporated in the project. Springs and mattresses, bed: a. Extension of order for month of July.... Steel and iron: a. Maximum specifications set for use of heat-resistant chromium, chromiumnickel, alloy iron, and alloy steel. Sunn hemp and sunn hemp products: a. WPB restricts use of bulk of sunn hemp to the manufacture of marine oakum. P-19-h (amend. 1). L-49 (amend. 2) M-21-g M-187 7- 7-42 7- 3-42 7- 3-42 7- 3-42 —
Tire machinery and equipment: a. Prohibits all production and delivery of L-143 PD-552, 553. 7- 4-42
tire manufacturing machinery and equipment without specific authorization. Track-laying tractors and auxiliary equipment: a. Production and distribution of repair parts for track-laying tractors placed under restriction. Wood pulp: a. Clarifies certain points with respect to administration of theorder. L-53-b M-93 (Int. 1) PD-291, 292, PD-290- 7- 7-42 7- 1-42
SUSPENSION ORDERS
Company Order No. ' Violation Penalty Issued Expiration date
Prudential Silk Co., Inc., Paterson, N. J. Charges that company overstated its silk consumpton for first six months of 1941, thereby receiving more than was permissible. In violation of Sup. Od. M-37-a. Company shall not accept more than one-third of rayon yarn to which it would be entitled except for this restriction, for period of 3 months. 7-3-42 10-5-42
Albert M. Green Hosiery Mills Inc., Milroy, Pa. 8-62..... Company sold, without authorization, 4,100 pounds of rayon yam, which it had ostensibly obtained for manufacturing purposes. No allocations of restricted materials shall be made to company for period of 3 months. All priority assistance withdrawn. 7-2-42 10-2-42
Samuel Paris, Bradley Beach, N. J. S-64..... Charged with receiving 4,100 pounds of rayon yam illegally and selling same in violation of Sup. Od. M-37-a. Prohibited from applying for orders, or receiving any rayon yam,and denied any allocation of materials or priority assistance for period of 3 months. 7-4-42 10-6-42
Sun Ray Textiles, Inc., Paterson, N. J. 8-66..... Illegal acceptance and distribution of rayon yam during February and March in violation of Sup. Od. M-37-a and M-37-c. Allocation and. priority assistance withdrawn for. period of 2 months. 7-4-42 9-6-42
PRIORITIES REGULATIONS
Number Subject Issued
Prior. Reg. 11 (exemption 1). Prior. Reg. 13 ........ Companies in Alaska, Panana Canal Zone, or other territories or possessions of the United States are exempt from filing reports under terms of Prior. Reg. 11 until Sept. 15, 1942. Regulation 13 sets up new and uniform rules governing the sale of idle inven* tories of certain kinds and removes such specified sales from the existing regulations which affect the normal flow of material. 7-1-42 7-7-42
Stove specifications relaxed
A provision of Order L-23-c on domestic cooking appliances, requiring that permitted type gas ranges conform to certain safety and performance specifications, was revoked July 4.
This action, embodied in Amendment No. 1 to the order, was taken because it was found that the specifications in some cases did not result in the saving of materials.
Freeze on softwood construction lumber extended 30 days pending supply-demand study
A revision of the softwood construction lumber freeze order, extending its operation until August 13 to provide sufficient time for development of a system of distribution based on the relative essentiality of lumber for war purposes was announced July 10 by the .WPB.
Shortages more serious
The original order (L-121) would have expired on July 13. The revised order thus extends the “freeze” for 30 days, during which time the WPB lumber and lumber products branch expects to complete an over-all study of the softwood lumber supply-demand situation.
It was emphasized by Arthur T. Upson, chief of the branch, that because of requirements of the war program, the shortage of many types of construction lumber has become more serious since the issuance of L-121 on May 13.
The order announced July 10 releases additional grades and species of softwood lumber not being purchased by military agencies of the Government in sufficient quantities to warrant continued restriction on their distribution. Several grades were released by a previous amendment to L-121.
The order also makes changes calculated to aid small sawmills and local distributors.
★ ★ ★
Builders now can get ratings on materials consumed
Preference Ratings P-19-a and P-19-h, under which builders and contractors have been able to get preference ratings on materials for entire projects with one application, were amended July 7 to include certain “expendible materials” consumed in construction of the projects.
Amendment No. 2 to P-19-a and amendment No. 1 to P-19-h define “expendible material” as “material which will be wholly consumed at the location and during the construction of the rated project including, but not limited to, explosives, abrasives, perishable tools, forms, scaffolding and the like. ‘Expendible material’ shall not be deemed to include fuel, construction machinery or repair parts for construction machinery.”
14
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
Hosiery mills to get full allocation of rayon yarn
The allocation and appeals section of the WPB textile branch has decided to grant hosiery mills their full allocation of rayon yarn even though they scrap some of their machinery.
The reason for the decision is as follows:
Under the rayon allocation order M-37-c, a mill is required to notify WPB if it scraps any of its knitting machines, looms or other fabricating machines, so that WPB can reconsider the quantity of rayon to be allocated such a mill.
In the past the practice of the allocation and appeals section has been to reduce the rayon allocated to a mill which scrapped any of its fabricating machinery.
This has resulted in some mills keeping idle equipment in their mills rather than scrapping it, in order not to have their rayon allocation cut. This served no useful purpose—no rayon fabric was made with the idle equipment, yet the idle machines represented metal which if scrapped could be used in the war program.
★ ★ ★
Sales of high-school type microscopes permitted
Permission to sell high-school type microscopes manufactured before June 12, or assembled from parts made by that date, was granted July 7 by Director of Industry Operations J. S. Knowlson.
This action was taken in a determination under a clause of Limitation Order L-144 on laboratory equipment which permits the Director of Industry Operations to authorize sales for uses deemed in the public interest, as well as for purposes listed in the order. Sale of highschool type microscopes had not been specifically permitted by L-144.
The authorization announced July 7 applies only to single tube microscopes with double nose-pieces and without condensers.
★ ★ ★
Bucy succeeds Davis as head of protective coatings section
Appointment of E. H. Bucy, Noroton, Conn., to head the protective coatings section of the chemicals branch, WPB, was announced July 6 by Dr. E. W. Reid, branch chief.
Mr. Bucy replaces J. B. Davis, who has been loaned to Brazil for the development of babassu nut oil production in the Amazon area.
Wells Martin, Chicago, will be assistant chief of the section.
WPB concentrates paper manufacture on types for war and essential use
A broad program to conserve the country’s paper supply and to assure provision of the volume and kind of paper required by the war program and essential civilian use was announced July 7 by the Director of Industry Operations.
The program is in the form of a series of orders specifying standardization and simplification practices for the paper industry, and was drafted after numerous conferences with industry representatives. It replaces a voluntary plan which was put into effect late last year, and which, according to the pulp and paper branch, has proved ineffective.
Many kinds of paper, including some most familiar to ihe average citizen— writing paper, envelope paper, book paper, and ordinary tablet paper—are covered by the program, which becomes effective 20 days after the date of issuance, July 4.
Such papers as newsprint, publication
stock, wrapping papers, paperboard, and many types of specialty and industrial papers are not affected.
The specifications set forth in the various schedules attached to the order (Limitation Order L-120) affect grades, colors, sizes, and weights of the types of papers included in the program. It is expected that considerable savings in labor, power, transportation facilities and repair and maintenance materials can be made under the specifications.
The pulp and paper branch predicted that its specifications for the types of paper covered by the order will result in savings of approximately 227,000 tons of paper on the basis of 1941 production.
Mills throughout the country will find, under the terms of the order, that they must concentrate on production of paper for essential war and civilian use and eliminate grades and weights that are seldom in demand.
Nelson asks business houses to give up some of their typewriters for war use
WPB Chairman Nelson July 8 appealed to American business to sell to the Government as many typewriters as can be spared.'
Need 500,000 machines
In a letter to 25,000 of the largest users of typewriters, Mr. Nelson said the Army and Navy need at least 500,000 machines, of which less than a third can be obtained now from typewriter manufacturers.
The remainder, he said, must come from American business.
“These typewriters,” said Mr. Nelson, “will be used by the Army and Navy, not to increase the volume of paper work, but to carry on the essential services of our vastly expanded fighting forces.”
Standard typewriters wanted
American typewriter manufacturers are now producing guns and instruments. "Certainly,” said Mr. Nelson, “we need those guns and instruments more than we need typewriters. Therefore, the Army and Navy must obtain and recondition used typewriters to fill current needs from companies such as yours.”
The used typewriters will be bought by new typewriter dealers and manufac
turers’ representatives, who will act as buying agents for the Procurement Division of the U. S. Treasury. Standard typewriters (not portables) made on and after January 1,1935, are wanted. Older makes are not desired because they might require more reconditioning than time and available spare parts would permit.
Price arrangement
Prices to be paid for these used typewriters will be the factory trade-in allowance for such machines as of February 1, 1941.
In asking business houses to give up some of their typewriters, the Government is not asking industry to do what it is not asking Government agencies to do. The Bureau of the Budget is already making a survey of the number and use of all typewriters in the hands of Government agencies with a view to recovering those that are not absolutely needed to carry on the work of the Government.
The Army has already cut its typewriter requirements 60 percent below its former basic allowances—and the Navy recently ordered its use of typewriters cut in half.
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
15
Phosphate plasticizers placed under complete allocation for specific uses
To direct available supplies of phosphate plasticizers into the manufacture of war-essential flame-proof cable, anti-fouling paint, airplane dopes, wire insulation, photographic film, and other plastics, the entire supply, production, and use of such plasticizers has been placed under complete allocation control by the Director of Industry Operations with General Preference Order M-183.
Only one exception
After August 1, 1942, no phosphate plasticizers, defined as tricresyl phosphate and triphenyl phosphate in any form, may be used, delivered, or accepted without specific authorization by the WPB. An exception is made in the case of deliveries or use of 100 pounds in any one month to one person, provided that producers may not deliver these small shipments in excess of 2 percent of the total amount WPB authorizes them to deliver that month.
It is to be noted that there are no other exceptions and even direct military orders require WPB authorization.
All persons except the military seeking authorization for use or delivery of phosphate plasticizers must file Form PD-558 with WPB on or before the fifteenth of the month preceding the month in which delivery is sought. Producers must file Form PD-557 on or before the twenty-fourth of each month, beginning with July.
★ ★ ★
WPB takes steps to acquire frozen stocks of manila cordage
The WPB announced July 9 that, in cooperation with the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, it will shortly inaugurate a Nation-wide campaign to acquire, at prices that represent fair and just compensation, the stocks of manila cordage now frozen in the hands of their owners by General Preference Order M-36.
It is estimated that there are in the possession of approximately 40,000 retailers and wholesalers some 10 million pounds of this rope, all of which is critically needed for war purposes by the Army, Navy and Maritime Commission. The purchase program will serve the double purpose of relieving dealers of idle inventories and of acquiring materials essential to the conduct of the war.
Critical materials now frozen in idle inventories freed for war production
Hundreds of thousand of tons of critical materials now frozen in idle inventories will be freed for vital war production by a regulation issued July 7 by the WPB.
Uniform rules set up
The new order, Priorities Regulation No. 13, affects thousands of business concerns who have in their possession materials worth hundreds of millions of dollars which cannot now move freely in industrial channels because of existing war regulations.
In effect, Regulation No. 13 sets up new and uniform rules governing the sale of idle inventories of certain kinds and removes such specified sales from the existing regulations which affect the normal flow of material.
No specific estimates of the amounts of materials which can be salvaged in this way are available. However, the total is known to be extremely large, and in the case of copper and copper base alloys alone, for example, it is believed that some 250,000 tons of this war metal can be freed by the new step.
Former restrictions replaced
Limitation orders, issued by WPB in anticipation of industrial conversion to war production, and to conserve scarce materials, contain various provisions which restricted disposal of inventories frozen as a result of their terms. In some cases, certain permitted types of sale were listed in the original order. In other cases, no sale might be made without application to Washington and the specific authorization of the Director of Industry Operations. These restrictions are now replaced by the conditions estab-lijshed in the new regulation, which controls all sales of «restricted material including those sold in liquidation and bankruptcy proceedings.
An example of the simplified procedure effected by Regulation No. 13- is afforded by the case of a domestic refrigerator manufacturer who had on hand a large stock of copper tubing when prohibition of any further refrigerator production became effective. The tubing was badly needed by a firm, In the same city, which was turning out tank assemblies. By the terms of Limitation Order L-5-c, transfer of the critical material could not be made until official approval, obtainable only after application to WPB, had been secured. Beginning July 7, such a sale could be made without formalities of any kind.. The seller would not even be required to make a report of It.
Reserved for specified purchasers is “War Material,” consisting of 150 materials listed in Schedule “A” to thè regulation. This material now may be sold to the Armed Services, Maritime Commission, and certain other Government agencies. In addition, sales of war material, as defined, may be made to persons who qualify by belonging to a class listed in Schedule “A” as being eligible to receive it.
“Up-stream” sales
In general, authorized sales, in addition to those to specified Government agencies, are “up-stream” sales, to distributors or manufacturers, or by manufacturing users to producers of raw materials. This serves to restore them to normal distribution channels. Applications for specific sales not covered by the general provisions of Regulation No. 13 should be filed on Form PD-470 at the nearest WPB field office.
Sales of less than $100 may be made to anyone.
Materials not listed on Schedule “A,” may be purchased by anyone authorized by existing regulations to receive and make specified uses of them.
Schedule “A” sets forth the differing conditions under which metals, chemicals, alloys and other restricted commodities may be sold, and to whom.
Patterns for the sale of other items, of “War Material” are made clear in Schedule “A.”
New field service section to aid
The inventory and requisitioning branch of WPB will assist the movement of idle materials and production equipment into the war program, under the new regulation, and all queries should be addressed to its representative in thé nearest WPB field office.
To assure success of the widespread effort, a new field service section headed by Russell C. Duncan, Minneapolis, Minn., in being set up within the branch.
Operating through staffs in all WPB regional and many of the district offices, the field service section will shortly be prepared to offer assistance to holders of any type of immobilized inventory, and will administer all technical aspects of campaigns inaugurated to purchase, requisition or otherwise expedite the flow of needed war material.
16
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
New material will be allocated to brass, bronze foundries on end-use basis
The effect of the new allocation classification system on brass and bronze foundries obtaining metal was explained July 9 in a statement issued by the copper branch, WPB.
New procedure for designating end-use
A new procedure for designating enduse of metal to facilitate allocation will operate after July 31 and must be complied with by foundries. This procedure is the allocation classification system.
After July 31 the foundry must report its deliveries to customers during the previous month on Forms PD-123A and PD-123B, showing by the use of a simple set of symbols the final end-use of products in each shipment. On the basis of this report, and the application form PD-59 revised, the foundry will be allocated new material to replace that shipped. The WPB will be able to tell, from reports showing end-uses filed by foundries, into what finished products the new material is going. Thus, allocations can be made so as to guarantee fulfillment of essential war orders.
Users must furnish symbol data
In order that the foundry may know exactly how its product was used and may report to WPB fully, the foundry must obtain from each customer the' appropriate allocation classification symbol and purchaser’s symbol, to show the end-use of material delivered on that order. This information is to be included on the purchase order. Form PD-175 was formerly provided for this purpose but its use was suspended on June 29. After June 30, 1942, users of castings containing copper may not obtain delivery without supplying the foundry with this information.
All users of castings, including the Army and Navy, will specify the end-use of material purchased by them, so that foundries may make complete reports to WPB on Forms PD-123A and PD-123B.
Low rating order may be vital
It was explained that end-use is a very important consideration. Although an order carries a low rating, it may be vital to the war program. Therefore it is important that certain orders bearing preference ratings lower than A-l-k be received and be reported to WPB for possible authorization. Listed below are end-uses for which the copper branch will seriously consider authorizing copper if
the orders should bear a rating lower than A-l-k:
Railroads, streetcars, buses, public utilities, maintenance and repair of essential industrial equipment, mines, petroleum industry, water works, hospitals and health supplies, maintenance and repair of schools, textile industries engaged in production of material for Army or Navy use; defense housing (critical list) in specific areas designated by the building and material branch às being essential for war purposes; firefighting equipment, essential repair for farm machinery, essential repair for elevators, essential repair for food preservation machinery and dairy equipment, and essential parts for road-building equipment.
Effective August 1
The Allocation Classification System goes into effect for brass and bronze foundries on August 1, 1942, and in August actual shipments made in July are to be reported on Forms PD-123A and PD-123B. Until that time, consumption and scheduled shiments of copper are to be reported to WPB Ref. M-9-b on Form PD-518. Authorization to receive and remelt copper scrap, copper base alloy scrap, and copper base alloy ingot will be issued to the foundry on Form PD-518-a. If the amount of metal authorized to be used on Form PD-518-a is not sufficient to fill all orders, the foundry may apply to WPB, by letter, for permission to use more metal.
★ ★ ★
Bureau helps get $62,120,464 for war plants in June .
The Bureau of Finance reported July 8 that in June the Bureau obtained $62,-120,464 for manufacturers engaged in war production, as compared with $54,-476,358 in May. In April the total was slightly more than 55 million dollars.
★ ★ '★
3 war services exempt from valve metal limits
Restrictions contained in Limitation Order L-128, applying to the use of chromium and nickel in automotive valves, do not affect manufacture, sales and deliveries for the Army, Navy, or Maritime Commission. These exemptions have been made clear in Amendment No. 1 to the order.
Higher ratings allotted to some orders for aircraft, parts
Because of the methods used in scheduling military aircraft production, a special form has been prescribed for use by the Armed Services in raising the level of preference ratings on certain orders for aircraft and parts.
Under the terms of Priorities Regulation No. 12, issued on June 26, the Armed Services have been authorized to rerate some outstanding contracts to give preference to a strategic program of military production.
Aircraft production is carried on largely under open-end, continuing contracts and It would disrupt production schedules to rerate these existing contracts without limitation. A new form, PD-4X-1, has therefore been provided for assignment of new ratings to deliveries of specified planes and parts in a definite production period.
Regulation No. 12 permits the assignment of ratings of AAA, AA-1, AA-2, etc., to existing orders of specific authorization from the WPB.
★ ★ ★
Macdonald named deputy at Los Angeles
Appointment of Alexander Macdonald, Los Angeles lawyer, as deputy regional director of the WPB at Los Angeles, was announced July 10 by Harry H. Fair, director of WPB Region 10, with headquarters in San Francisco. Mr. Macdonald will assume direction of all WPB activities in the Los Angeles area.
San Francisco to serve coast
Under the present plan of operations, the San Francisco regional office will be the administrative headquarters of the WPB for the entire West Coast. However, deputy directors for Los'Angeles and Seattle will have on their staffs experts and technicians in the various fields of WPB operations whose functions will parallel those of the regional office staff’s. From an operational standpoint, Mr. Macdonald in Los Angeles, and the Seattle deputy, soon to be named, will be completely in charge of WPB field offices in their respective areas.
The States of California, Nevada, Arizona, Oregon, Washingtoh, Montana, and Idaho come under the jurisdiction of the San Francisco office.
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
17
MANPOWER.. .
Serious labor shortages revealed in 138 occupations vital to war production
Paul V. McNutt, Chairman of the War Manpower Commission, July 6, made public a list of 138 occupations essential to war production in which there is a national shortage of labor. • _
Based on 11,000 hiring schedules
The list was compiled by the United States Employment Service in accordance with a Manpower Commission directive. It is based on the hiring schedules of approximately 11 000 major war industry establishments through August 1942, in relation to the current reserve of workers.
The most serious labor shortages, Mr. McNutt said, are in the vital metalworking and industrial machinery trades, and in occupations essential to shipbuilding, aircraft, tool, and ordnance manufacture. As examples, he said that for every avail-
able ship and boatbuilding assembler, 94 are needed, and for every available tool maker, 31 are needed.
Other occupations in which extreme shortages exist, with ratio of demand to supply, are:
Plate hanger (shipbuilding), 62 to 1; skin man (aircraft), 48 to 1; cranerigger, 22 to 1; boring-mill operator, 16 to 1; internal-grinder operator, 15 to 1; tool designer, 15 to 1; die maker, 14 to 1; skeleton assembler, aircraft), 14 to 1; metal chipper (shipbuilding), 11 to 1; finish boat painter, 10 to 1.
McNutt urges on-the-job training
WMC Chairman McNutt urged employers to make the most effective pos- ' sible use of the skilled labor they now have in their plants, and to expand on-the-job training programs.
The list of critical shortage occupations follows:
Acetylene-burner operator; airplane inspector; airplane woodworker; armature winder, all-around; asbestos worker, general; assembler (firearms); assembler (ship and boatbuilding and rep.) ; babbitter, bearing; batten maker (ship and boatbuilding and rep.); boatbuilder, steel; boatbuilder, wood; boilermaker; boilermaker helper, assembly and erection; boiler-shop mechanic; bolter-up (ship and boatbuilding and rep.); boringmachine operator, automatic; boring-ihill operator; bucker-up (const., ship and boatbuilding and repair) ; burrer, hand.
Carpenter, ship; centerless-grinder operator; chassis assembler, radio; chipper, metal; coil assembler, electric; coil winder, production; coremaker, all-around; crane rigger (ship and boatbuilding and rep.) ; cylindrical-grinder operator; detail assembler; die maker; die maker, jewelry; die maker, textile printing; drop-hammer operator, skilled; dynamometer tester, motor; electrical assembler; electrical tester, power equipment; electrical tester, radio; electrician, airplane; electrician, ship; engine-lathe operator; external-grinder operator production.
Fabric worker, aircraft; filer, machine; final assembler, aircraft; fit-up man (boilermaking) ; flanging-press operator; floor assembler (machine shop); foreman (machine shop); foreman (nonfer. metal alloys and prod.); foreman (ship and boatbuilding and repair) ; forging-press operator; form builder; foxlathe operator; gear-generator operator, all-around; gear-hobbler operator, all-around; gear-shaper operator, all-around; gear-tooth grinder; gisholt-lathe operator.
Hammersmith; heat treater; honing-machine operator; horizontal -boring-and-mill-ing-machine operator; inspector (machine shop); inspector (optical goods); inspector,
chief, casting; instrument maker, electrical; instrument maker, mechanical; instrument maker, optical; internal-grinder operator; jig-boring-machine operator; job setter (machine shop); joiner (ship and boatbuilding and rep.); keller-machine operator; lapping-machine operator; lay-out man (boilermaking); lay-out man (foundry); lay-out man (ship and boatbuilding); lens grinder; lens polisher; loftsman.
Machinist, all-around; machinist, bench; machinist, marine; machinist, marine gas-engine; milling-machine operator; molder, floor; mounter, eyeglass lens; nitrating-acid mixer.
Ordnanceman; oxyacetylene-cutting-machine operator.
Painter, boat, finish; painter, boat, rough; parachute packer; patternmaker, metal; pipe fitter; planer operator, metal; plate hanger (ship and boatbuilding and rep.); precisionlens grinder; profiling-machine operator, skilled; punch-press operator, automatic.
Radial-drill-press operator; radio equipment assembler, special; riveter, aircraft; riveter, hydraulic; x. riveter, pneumatic, skilled; rivet heater; rotary-surface-grinder operator; rotor-core assembler; screw-machine operator, semiautomatic; sectional-hydraulic-press operator; sheet-metal worker helper; ship fitter; ship rigger; skeleton assembler; skin man (aircraft); speed-lathe operator; steel-plate calker; still operator; straightener, hand; straightening-press operator; structural-steel lay-out man; surface-grinder operator, multiskilled.
Tank tester (ship and boatbuilding and rep.); thread grinder (machine tool); threadmilling-machine operator; tool-grinder operator; tool hardener; tool inspector; tool maker; tubing-machine operator; turret-lathe operator; turret-lathe operator, automatic; vertical-turret-lathe operator; welder, arc; welder, butt; welder, flash; wood calker; yardman (ship and boatbuilding and rep.).
All-time record for job placements in May
The number of jobs on farms and In industry filled by the U. S. Employment Service during May was nearly one-third more than that of the April placements, Paul Y McNutt, Chairman of the War Manpower Commission, announced July 7.
181,500 farm jobs filled
Farm jobs filled totaled 181,500 or 3^ times as many as were filled in April. Except for the peak harvest months of September and October, the chairman said that this was the highest monthly total on record. The sharpest increases, he added, were those in Arkansas, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee.
The number of nonagricultural jobs filled, such as work in factories, shipyards, and offices, amounted to 600,000 in May. This, Mr. McNutt explained, was an all-time record for placements in industry in a single month.
Since January 1942, the United States Employment Service has filled 2,400,000 nonagricultural jobs, almost 18 percent more than in the same period last year and 83 percent more than in the first 5 months of 1940.
With Industry and agriculture making increasingly heavy inroads on available labor reserves, the number of men and women registered for jobs with the United States employment offices dropped during May for the fourth consecutive month. The active file of registrants stood at 4,300,000 at the end of May. Compared with May of last year the active file was 17 percent smaller with all but eight States reporting declines.
★ ★ ★
Disabled veterans given chance to learn diamond cutting trade
Members of the armed forces of the United States disabled in the present war who want to learn the small diamond cutting trade will be given special consideration under a provision inserted in the New York Diamond Workers Apprenticeship Standards, Paul V. McNutt, Chairman of the War Manpower Commission, announced July 8.
These are the “critical occupations”
18
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
RATIONING ...
Every type of gasoline user subject to rigid coupon control in Eastern U. S.
Hie complete plan for conserving the East’s limited gasoline supply for essential war purposes by means of rigid coupon control was announced July 8 by Price Administrator Henderson.
Drastic consumption cuts
The new OPA order that supplants the present emergency card plan on July 22 brings under rationing every type of gasoline user, except aircraft using high octane aviation gasoline. In an effort to make every available gallon of gasoline count in the war program, trucks, buses, taxis and occupational boats will be rationed for the first time, while coupons issued on a basis of need, except for a basic ration, will squeeze all unnecessary mileage out of private , passenger car motoring.
Through a requirement for car-pooling, a ceiling on ordinary occupational driving, the elimination of the “X- or unlimited-use class, and a highly restricted category of preferred users, the new plan is designed to cut gasoline consumption drastically. At the same time the audit control of the flow of gasoline through the flow-back of coupons is expected to accomplish further savings of gasoline by plugging leaks to the black market.
The rationing order includes all regulations covering the registration of vehicles, boats and aircraft using aviation gasoline with a rating up to 86 octane for purposes of obtaining ration books. Private passenger cars and motorcyles, with certain exceptions, were to be registered in the schools on July 9, 10, and 11, unless local exceptions were announced, and were to receive at that time basic “A” and “D” ration books, respectively. Other vehicles, as well as boats, nonhighway users, and small airplanes using low octane fuel were to register beginning July 9 at local rationing boards.
An application for supplemental rations for private passenger cars and motorcycles must be presented to a local War Price and Rationing Board at any time beginning July 9.
Coupon books contain year’s supply
The regulations do not stipulate the value of the coupons. But the OPA has
set a value of 4 gallons for each coupon in the “A,” “B” and “C” books; a value of 1.5 gallons for each “D” coupon; a value of 5 gallons for the “S” book coupons; and values of 1 gallon, and 5 gallons, respectively, for the nonhighway “E” and “R” coupons. These values are subject to change at any time.
The basic “A” book, and the basic “D” book which all private passenger car and motorcycle owners, with certain exceptions, were to receive at time of registration contains a year’s supply of 48 coupons. The coupons in the “A” book are valid only during 2-month periods.
5 groups excluded from “A” rations
Coupons in the basic Class D book for motorcycles, are valid for gasoline purchases at any time from July 22, 1942, through July 21,1943.
Car and motorcycle owners who for any reason did not apply for their basic rations during the registration period July 9-11, could apply later to a local War Price and Rationing Board, but not before July 24, except for good cause shown.
Five groups of private passenger cars and motorcycles were excluded from basic “A” rations, because they will qualify for other types of rations. These are:
(a) Cars owned or leased by a Federal, State, local or foreign government, or government agency; (b) vehicles especially built, or rebuilt, as an ambulance or hearse; (c) a vehicle available for public rental, or principally used as a taxi or Jitney; (d) vehicles that are part of a fleet of automobiles or motorcycles; or (e) vehicles held by an automobile dealer for sale or resale.
Basic “A” and “D” books were to be issued by registrars at the schools, but applications for supplemental rations required in addition to the basic books'for occupational use of the car could be obtained from the registrar.
Conditions for added rations
In order to qualify for these additional rations the applicant will need to show that his occupational mileage is more than 150 miles a month for the next 3-month period. If this and the other requirements are met the Board will issue a supplemental ration in the form of a “B” or “C” coupon book.
No “B” book will be issued for less than three months, which means that there is a ceiling of 470 miles of occupational
driving in the “A” book plus the “B” book.
The ceiling does not include a 1,000-mile-a-year cushion in the ‘A” book which the car owner is permitted to reserve for ordinary everyday driving.
Receiving a supplementary ration in the form of either a “B” or a “C” book involves a further requirement, that of forming a car-sharing club. The regulations state that no supplementary ration shall be issued unless the applicant has made arrangements to carry at least three other persons to and from work. If he cannot carry this number or if for some other reason he cannot form a club, he must prove that alternative means of transportation are inadequate before the board will find him qualified for additional rations.
In the event that the occupational mileage allowed by a Board for an automobile exceeds 470 miles a month, one or more “C” books will be issued for a 3-month period on the condition that the ear-sharing requirement has been satisfied, and the applicant belongs to a category of users entitled under the regulations to preferred mileage. These classes include certain governmental, health, farm, delivery, military, and other essential services.
(Complete details of the new plan are contained in OPA press release 221 of July 8. Copies may be obtained from Distribution Section, Office of War Information, Washington, D. C.)
★ ★ ★
Stocks of tinplate cans may be used for certain products
The Director of Industry Operations July 9 authorized the use of tinplate or terneplate cans on hand or in process on July 1 for certain products now omitted from the permitted categories of Order M-81.
A revision of that order, issued on June 27, prohibited the manufacture or use of tinplate or terneplate cans for certain chemicals, paints, and other “special products,” except for those cans which had been manufactured by February 11, the date of issuance of the original M-81 regulations.
The July 9 action (Amendment No. 1) changes the above date to July 1, thus permitting the use of cans already made up and of parts already prepared for assembly.
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
19
OPA to check gasoline consumed before deliveries are made
In order to provide a check on the actual consumption of gasoline in the areas where rationing is in effect the authority of the OPA has been extended so that OPA may require the submission of coupons or other evidence that rationing regulations are complied with when gasoline is delivered to a filling station or distributor in the rationing area.
WPB to control volume
Under the terms of Limitation Order L-70, the WPB retains control over the maximum volume of gasoline which may be delivered to filling stations or distributors in accordance with the recommendations of the Office of Petroleum Coordinator.
Amendment No. 2 to Supplementary Directive 1H, issued July 8 by the Director of Industry Operations, • provides that the maximum deliveries permitted under L-70 may be made only when evidence required by OPA is submitted to show that rationing regulations are being observed.
★ ★ ★
Unsorted scrap inner tubes available under new category
To avoid possible delay in the flow of scrap rubber to reclaiming plants, OPA July 6 added another category, “Miscellaneous Inner Tubes,” to the kinds of scrap rubber under price ceilings applicable to sales to consumers.
To avoid delay in deliveries
The maximum prices for miscellaneous inner tubes are, 6 cents per pound at all consuming centers except Los Angeles. In accordance with the one-half cent differential prevailing on all kinds of inner tubes between Los Angeles and other consuming centers, the maximum price at Los Angeles is 5% cents per pound.
The flow of inner tubes to the Rubber Reserve Company has been so heavy that it was feared the time needed for sorting into the customary classifications as set forth in Table II of Revised Price Schedule 87, as amended, might cause delay in delivering scrap rubber to the reclaiming plants. Fo? this reason the new category has been added.
The new classification in the schedule is contained in Amendment No. 1, which went into effect July 11.
New restaurants, other establishments allowed 1 pound sugar for each 60 meals
Procedure for obtaining sugar allotments to be followed by operators of new restaurants, cafeterias, boarding houses and other types of institutions was outlined July 10 by the OPA.
The OPA stated the general conditions under which such allotments may be granted by the local War Price and Rationing Boards and established a sugar allotment base for new establishments of not more than one pound of sugar for each 60 meals to be served during any allotment period.
Most of the demands for sugar allotments for new businesses have come from areas of war activity but OPA said requests have also arisen because of population shifts caused by other factors.
Application procedure
Applications for registration and allotments for new establishments must be made on OPA Form No. R-315 (Special Purpose Application for a Sugar Purchase Certificate) and filed with the local board for the area in which the principal office of the owner is or will be located.
The first application for an allotment should be accompanied by a copy of OPA Form No. R-310, the registration form
required of all institutional and industrial users, and a statement giving full particulars concerning the new establishment such as its location, its size, the type of food service planned and its type of equipment.
The original and all subsequent applications should also contain the following information:
The amount of sugar requested as an allotment; the estimated number of meals to be served during the current allotment period; the number of meals served during each month, if any, during which the “new establishment” was in business in the preceding allotment period, and the amount of the aPotment, if any, granted the preceding period.
Future applications may be filed at any time during the first 5 days of an allotment period. This will enable adju^t-mehts to be made on the basis of the actual number of meals served during the preceding allotment period.
The allotment may be reduced below the ration of one pound for 60 meals if the State director or local board decides that a new institutional user would otherwise obtain more sugar than the same general type of business in the same community.
Dealers not hoarding scrap rubber, experts find
The large scrap rubber piles still seen In dealers’ yards are not being hoarded, officials of the Bureau of Industrial Conservation said July 6. In practically every case, the pile is held for disposal by the Government.
Await shipping orders
Representatives of the Bureau, all of them thoroughly experienced in the scrap rubber business, are inspecting scrap yards belonging to leading dealers in every section of the country. Their reports, made public July 6, indicate that nearly 100 percent of the dealers so far visited have either sold or agreed to sell their whole stock of rubber scrap to the Rubber Reserve Co. of the RFC, and to start the scrap on its way to rubber reclaiming plants as soon as the Rubber Reserve Co. issues shipping instructions.
Thus far, the Bureau’s experts have found no evidence of intentional hoarding in the yards.
Extra sugar allowed to save fresh fruits, vegetables
The OPA July 13 authorized State OPA directors to grant increased allotments of sugar to food manufacturers whenever in their judgment it is necessary to avoid waste of fresh fruits and vegetables.
State directors were also told to consider the possibility of other uses of the fresh fruits and vegetables, in which additional sugar is not necessary; and the amount of sugar, if any, an applicant can shift from some other product not now manufactured because of container limitations.
The problem of inadequate sugar arises only with respect to products for which a percentage allotment is provided, such .as tomato catsup, soup, and preserves, but not in connection with products for which provisional allowances are made, such as all types of canned fruit.
Industrial users may file their applications for increased allowances for the purpose of conserving fresh fruits and vegetables on OPA Form No. R-315 at the local rationing boards.
20
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
PRICE ADMINISTRATION ...
Ceilings on 1942 pack of frozen fruits, vegetables to be lifted at all levels
Clarifying the OPA’s announcement made last week on canned and dried fruits, Price Administrator Henderson July 9 indicated that these or substantially similar provisions will apply to the 1942 pack of frozen fruits and vegetables, which are affected similarly by Section 3 of the Emergency Price Control Act.
Pricing formula announced
Price ceilings on the 1942 pack of frozen fruits and vegetables will be lifted at all levels of distribution. The first step—a pricing formula for frozen food packers of fruits and vegetables—was announced July 9. Additional measures, affording corresponding price-relief to wholesale and retail distributors of frozen fruits and vegetables will be forthcoming shortly. Similar adjustments will be made for processors, wholesalers, and retailers of jams, jellies, and preserves.
Action on peanuts next
Coincident with the announcement on frozen foods, Mr. Henderson stated that, effective with the opening of the 1942 crop marketing period early in September, peanuts and peanut butter—a further product where Section 3 standards are involved—either will be removed from the general maximum price regulation or appropriate adjustments will be made. No action is being taken on peanuts until the new crop, because remaining small old crop supplies are owned by shelters. Thus action at this time would be of no benefit to the producer and might lead to excessive price increases before the prospective bumper new crop moves to market.
OPA’s contemplated action on frozen fruits and vegetables, peanuts and peanut butter and jams, jellies and preserves follows fast on the heels of its announcement that retail ceiling prices for the 1942 pack of canned and dried fruits must be lifted 15 percent or more. OPA thus removes from the general maximum price regulation additional food products—the prices of which do not clear the farm price provisions of the Emergency Price Control Act.
New formula
As the first step in this frozen fruits and vegetable program, the Administra
tor announced the new pricing formula for frozen food packers in marketing the 1942 pack. This will allow the packer to add to his weighted average price for the first 60 days of the 1941 pack the following:
1. The actual increase in raw material costs on the 1942 pack over that of 1941, based on not less than the first 75 percent of his purchases.
Provided that: (a) In the case of fruits other than berries, the amount added for raw-material cost increases shall in no event exceed the difference between the national average price for that raw material in 1941, as published by the Department of Agriculture, and the highest applicable price of that commodity under Section 8 of the Price Control Act.
However, (b) in the case of berries on which there is no such price published by the Department of Agriculture, the increase on which the adjustment shall be based, shall not exceed 3 cents per pound to the freezer.
Furthermore, in the case of strawberries, for which a price is published by Agriculture, the maximum increase also is 3 cents per pound.
In the case of frozen vegetables, (c) packers may add on the actual increase in the cost of the raw commodity as of July 6, 1942, over the cost of the 1941 pack.
2. Both frozen fruit and vegetable packers also may add to their weighted average price during the first 60 days of 1941 pack 12 percent of that price. However, such weighted average price should first be adjusted to include seven months’ storage. This 12 percent figure takes care of such increases as direct and Indirect labor, packing material, freight and cold storage.
No alternative
Retailers, usually buying from wholesalers, with higher ceilings may be able to continue operations when the 1942 pack of frozen foods comes in. However, as with packers and wholesalers, relief will be confined to those retailers who previously had not boosted prices during March 1942 to reflect new purchase costs or pending ones.
Although the strawberry pack is about completed, most of the other fruits and vegetables are still in the fields. Any action periling or abolishing normal merchandising practices might well hamper or entirely blight prospects for the bumper pack, which is an essential part of the war program. Delay might cause the crops to rot in the fields. Hence, lacking Government aid in absorbing such increased costs, OPA has no alternative but to shift the increased burden onto the consumer’s shoulders, the Administrator concluded.
Public institutions to get sugar for canning on regular consumer basis
Public and eleemosynary institutions which in the past canned fruit for on-the-premise consumption will be granted sugar allowances for canning on a basis similar to that granted consumers who are living in their own homes, the OPA announced July 6.
These allowances will be determined after the amount of sugar formerly used for home canning purposes has been deducted from the institutional user’s base, the OPA said.
New rationing guide outlines procedure
Upon application to its respective War Price and Rationing Board, each institution eligible to receive a home canning allowance will be issued a sugar purchase certificate permitting it to purchase 1 pound of sugar for each 4 quarts of finished fruit it declares its intention to can.
Procedure to be followed is contained In a new rationing guide issued by . the OPA to State OPA directors and local boards.
Applications may be filed on OPA Form R-315 giving the following information:
The number of quarts of fruit canned and the amount of sugar used for this canning during each month in the preceding calendar year; the amount of such sugar in the Institution’s monthly sugar base; the number of quarts of fruits now in the possession of the institution; the number of quarts the institution plans to can, and the number of persons who will consume the fruit.
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Farmers to get extra sugar for hired hands
Farmers who board seasonal labor will be granted extra sugar allowances at the rate of a half a pound a week per person, the OPA announced July 6.
In making out his application, the farmer must state that the War Ration Books of his hired men have been or will be surrendered to him and will not be used by him, or that his hired men have no books. The allowances will be for the period of employment Only.
Farmers may immediately file applications for the additional allowances with their Local War Price and Rationing Boards on OPA Form No. R^315.
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
Spirituous liquors from territories exempt from GMPR when sold in U. S.
Sales or deliveries of rum, liqueurs, cordials, bitters and other spirituous liquors produced in United States territories or possessions are exempt from provisions of the general maximum price regulation when sold in the United States, the OPA ruled July 8 in Amendment No. 13 to Supplementary Regulation No. 1, effective July 9.
However, it was stated that the general regulation shall continue to apply to all sales of these products in the territory or possession of origin. Moreover, the exception provided in the amendment will not apply after July 15, 1942, to sales of these commodities unless the invoices are marked to show that the commodity involved is not subject to OPA ceiling prices. In this way retailers will be informed of the exception.
Ceiling prices of rum and the other items covered by the amendment in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands themselves will continue to be held to the top March 1942 prices. Freight costs, as well as marine and war risk insurance, have increased materially since March.
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War, Navy waste fat sales exempted from GMPR
Waste fat and oil-bearing materials sold by the War Department and Department of the Navy now are exempted from price coverage by the general maximum price regulation, Price Administrator Henderson ruled July 6 in Amendment No. 12 to Supplementary Regulation No. 1, effective July 6, 1942.
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Glycerine price addition
Manufacturers of crude glycerine have been authorized to add to the maximum price for their product the excess freight charge for returning empty drums when shipments are made to a refinery more distant from a plamt than the nearest refinery, July 6, Price Administrator Henderson announced.
The addition of these freight charges to the manufacturers’ maximum price was effected by Amendment No. 2 to Revised Price Schedule No. 38 on Glycerine. The amendment became effective July 11.
Beef regulation modified to clarify packers’, wholesalers’ ceiling method
Price Administrator Henderson, July 8, announced several changes in Maximum Price Regulation No. 169 (Beef and Veal Carcasses and Wholesale Cuts) in order to clarify and revise the method by which packers and wholesale sellers compute their new ceiling prices in conformance with the maximum price technique established in the regulation.
Eleven salient features
Amendment No. 1, containing these changes, became effective July 13. This is the same date that the beef regulation itself places specific price control upon the meat-packing industry by setting packer and wholesaler ceilings for each grade of carcass and quarter of beef (or carcass and saddle of veal) at a price no higher than the lowest figure at which each individual merchandiser sold the highest 30 percent of his total quantity of that grade during the March 16-28, 1942, period.
There are eleven salient features*in the amendment to the new beef regulation. These include the following:
1. Presentation of a formula to prevent evasion of the pricing sections of the regulation through the practice of custom slaughtering
2. Each seller, in computing his maximum prices for fores and hinds separately, now is required so to adjust those prices as to prevent the total price received from exceeding the maximum permitted for his sale of a whole carcass of such grade.
3. Where a seller did not merchandise a particular quarter or saddle from which wholesale cuts were derived, during the base period, his maximum price for wholesale cuts derived therefrom now are to be computed upon the same 30-percent formula applicable to the determination of carcass maximum prices.
Car route pricing revised
4. In addition, maximum prices for wholesale cuts not derived from a quarter—namely boned, canned, or processed kosher cuts—also may be determined by means of the 30-percent formula, without regard to the carcass or quarter prices.
5. The method of car route pricing has been revised to provide for a basic price at the seller’s-plant, rather than at the farthest zone. This will prevent any possible distortion of maximum selling prices caused by unrepresentative prices in distant zones in which the packer may not have made many sales.
6. Persons whose business during the base period was more than 50 percent kosher slaughtering, but who also do some regular slaughtering at a different place in the same municipality or county locality, now are required to compute separate price ceilings for such different places of business.
7. A new definition of carload sale has been made to be reconciled with the new definition of car route.
8. A new definition of car route has been made. This includes truck routes.
9. Market area has been redefined to include all contiguous municipalities, but in
no case to extend more than 50 miles beyond the seller’s shipping point.
10. Sales of beef and veal carcasses and Wholesale cuts to the armed forces of the United States or to the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation on contracts made on and after July 13, 1942, are subject to the beef regulation. However, Maximum Price Regulation No. 169 does not apply to deliveries under contracts made with these agencies prior to July 13.
11. Provision is made for adjustment of maximum selling prices in certain cases where they cause hardship to sellers.
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Specific producer ceilings set on rolled and wire glass
Specific producer maximum prices for rolled and wire glass, widely used in Government construction and essential civilian housing, have been established at the levels prevailing in October 1941, OPA announced July 6.
The regulation—Maximum Price Regulation No. 175, Rough Rolled, Figured, Wire and Heat-Absorbing Rolled Glass— does not affect in any substantial degree the prices which the manufacturers have been permitted to charge under the general maximum price regulation, Price Administrator Henderson explained.
For two areas
The primary purpose of Régulation No. 175 is to state in specific figures and provisions the general terms of the general maximum price regulation as it applied to rolled and wire glass. The schedule became effective July 11.
Specific tables of prices are contained in the regulation for various types of rolled, figured, wire and heat-absorbing glass sold in the “eastern area” and for that which is sold in the “western area”—defined in the regulation as the states of Oregon, Washington, California, Nevada, Idaho, and Arizona.
Other provisions
A formula is provided in the regulation by which the manufacturer may determine his maximum price for rolled and wire glass not listed in the tables of specific prices. Such a price, however, may not be higher than it was, or would have been, in October 1941.
Additional charges permitted for boxing, special packing, grinding, cutting, and sandblasting are specified and the method of determining transportation charges, f. o. b. factory points, is expressly stated.
21
22
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
OPA issues cents-per-yard ceilings for wide prints, other cotton fabrics
Price Administrator Henderson on July 7 announced additional cents-per-yard ceiling prices for cotton products covered by Maximum Price Regulation No. 118 at the same time that eight fabrics when procured for military purposes were transferred from the scope of this regulation.
Special method for pricing bedspreads
Amendment No. 5 to Regulation 118 (Cotton Products) also provides a special method for pricing bedspreads and tobacco seed bed covers, and transfers from this regulation to the general maximum price regulations products of towel mills which buy their own yarn.
Cotton fabric groups for which specific maximums were issued July 7 to replace the general pricing formula of the regulation include industrial and other wide print cloths, and a special baling fabric developed by tapestry, carpet, and plush mills with the assistance of the War Production Board, while an additional category, “Class A,” is added to the previously established wide industrial drills group.
Definite prices for specified individual companies are also established for the following types of cloth: special dobby tobacco cloth, wide fancy dobby grey upholstery fabric, luggage cloth and play cloth.
Leading fabric prices
Prices for leading fabrics set by the amendment are:
Wide industrial print cloths, Class A (thread count of 160 to 100)—56%^ per lb.
Wide print cloths (others). Class A (thread count of 160 to 100)—53 c per lb.
Wide industrial drills and 4-leaf twills, Class A (2 yds. and under per lb.)—43% 0 per lb.
Baling fabric (12 x 12, 12 oz. per sq. yd. made of waste yarns)—44.64^ per lb.
Tobacco seed bed covers—Maximum price for the grey cloth plus: per sq. yd.
for covers without grommets, per sq. yd. for covers with grommets.
Bedspreads covered by Amendment No. 5 include bleached dimity, jacquard woven, and yam-dyed crinkle and dobby bedspreads. The special pricing formula adds to the seller’s weighted average price during the base period of July 21, 1941, through August 15, 1941, an adjustment of 7% cents per pound of cotton content, in lieu of the original 5 cents per pound cotton adjustment.
Prices established for wide industrial print cloths represent a premium of 17^
percent over narrow print cloths while other types are priced at a 10 percent premium.
The baling fabric, for which a ceiling is provided by the amendment, is to be made by tapestry, carpet and plush manufacturers who have been unable to obtain the materials necessary to the production of their usual line of goods.
The change provided in the “war procurement section” of the regulation exempts from maximum prices eight types of finished piece goods when sold to a war procurement agency. This exemption was until July 15. On and after that date, sales and deliveries of these products to such agencies were to become subject to Maximum Price Regulation No. 157 (Sales and Fabrication of Textiles, Apparel and Related Items for Military Purposes). |
Ceiling to be set on cresylic acid resales
Price Administrator Henderson July 8 Informed importers of English cresylic acid that a price regulation governing the price at which they may resell this product will be announced in the near future.
“Both British and American authorities regard the substantial increases which have taken place in the price of imported cresylic acid since April 1941, as unjustifiable and negotiations are now under way to determine a more satisfactory price,” he declared.
Cresylic prices, he explained, have been stabilized in Great Britain since May 1, 1942, for domestic sales. The contemplated maximum prices for sales of imported cresylic will be based on a price of 4s. 2d. per imperial gallons ($70 per U. 8. gallon) f. o. b. English works, which approximates the English domestic price, he said.
Ceiling prices cut on decorative fabrics for drapes, slip-covers, other uses
Prices charged by manufactures, converters, and jobbers for many types of woven decorative fabrics—customarily used for drapes, automobiles or furniture slip-covers, and furniture upholstery— were reduced July 8 by Price Administrator Henderson through issuance of a ceiling-price formula bringing these products into line with maximum levels on manufacturers’ sales of furniture upholstery fabrics that have been in effect since November -10, 1941.
New order doesn’t include retail sales
To accomplish this, a new maximum price regulation, No. 39 (Woven Decorative Fabrics), has been issued by the OPA to take the place of Revised Price Schedule No. 39 (Upholstery Furniture Fabrics). The new order, effective July 13, applies to those woven decorative fabrics not only in their customary uses but also when utilized for such purposes as wall hangings and coverings, portières, bedspreads, dressing-table skirts; and couch covers.
The regulation does not apply to sales at retail, which come under the general maximum price regulation, nor to printed woven decorative fabrics which are subject to Maximum Price Regulation No. 127 (Finished Piece Goods.)
Other features of Regulation No. 39 include the imposition of a limitation on the number of new constructions offered or sold by a manufacturer during a calendar year at 10 percent of his total of 1941 constructions, and the removal of an exemption from regulation under the previous schedule applying to manufacturers who specialized in “individual orders.”
Mr. Henderson has concluded that a uniform system of price control for sales of all woven decorative fabrics is essential to sound administration of the Emergency Price Control Act of 1942.
For manufacturers, maximum prices which have applied to their sales of fux-niture upholstery fabrics since November 10,1941, will continue unchanged and the other related fabrics will be restored to 'a proper price relationship to the fabrics previously under Schedule 39.
Method for sales by others
For sales by persons other than manufacturers, chiefly converters and jobbers, the individual freeze technique used for manufacturers was selected as being the most simple and effective pricing method, according to the Administrator. The levels established result in price reductions in many instances.
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
23
New trick to dodge rug ceiling brings promise of OPA action
Immediate action against manufacturers and distributors of wool floor coverings who persist in the illegal practice of selling unorthodox and irregular sizes by combining key sizes in a single uncut length in order to obtain higher cutorder prices instead of roll prices was promised July 7 by OPA.
Explaining the action, OPA officials pointed out that when carpet of unspecified length is ordered and supplied, the highest price the seller may charge is the roll price in the manufacturers’ current low-basis price list, according to the provisions of Maximum Price Regulation No. 65. When specific lengths other than key sizes are ordered and delivered, the maximum prices are those in the manufacturers’ current low-basis price list for cut-orders.
Distributors and manufacturers who continue the illegal practice will be charged with violations of the regulations, OPA officials stated. Persons found guilty of violating the regulations are subject to a maximum fine of $5,000 or a prison term of one year, or both.
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Outer clothing orders modified
Minor changes in the two WPB orders governing men’s, women’s, and children’s outer clothing are made in amendments issued July 10.
Consolidated into one order
General Limitation Order L-85 was amended to consolidate into one order the original order and two amendments, and to make the following changes:
1. Clothes for young boys (sizes 2 through 6) were transferred from M-73-a to L-85. Iliis was done to bring clothes for small boys and for small girls under the same restrictions. Concurrently, M-73-a was amended to release control over these garments (boys’ clothes, sizes 2 through 6) to L-85.
2. A paragraph was added to deal with fur coats. Heretofore there was uncertainty as to vhether or not the sweep and length restrictions on coats in L-85 applied to the fur as well as the cloth lining in fur coats or only to the lining. The July 10 amendment applies specifically to the cloth lining in a fur coat. Restrictions are not extended to the fur itself, because there is no fur shortage.
3. Nurses’ uniforms are permitted a double yoke and an increased length of 1 inch and an additional sweep of 12 inches. This will provide a more serviceable and practical garment than the earlier restrictions.
The amendment to M-73-a permits use of a continuous waistband on boys’ trousers, sizes 7 to 12, permitting its use in both shorts and longs. It was found that the restriction was not saving cloth.
Prices of women’s fur garments not to exceed last year’s; all levels affected
Women’s fur garments for the coming season may be sold at prices no higher than sellers charged last season for the same types of wraps and kinds of fur, under terms of Maximum Price Regulation No. 178 announced by Price Administrator Henderson.
All sales by retailers, wholesalers and manufacturers of women’s fur jackets, capes, strollers, wraps, coats, muffs, scarfs and stolls are covered by the new regulation which became effective July 10.
The regulation was issued because sellers, except in relatively minor in- —' stances, have been unable to establish maximum prices for women’s fur gar- w ments under the general maximum price regulation inasmuch as there were practically no sales or offers for sale of these articles in March 1942.
Basic principle for setting ceilings
The basic principle for setting maximum prices under the regulation is to add to the cost to the seller his percentage mark-up for a fur garment of the same classification and type of skin delivered during his last selling season. For retailers, the base selling period to which last year’s margin over cost is to be added consists of the months of July to December 1941, inclusive. For manufacturers and wholesalers, it is the months of June, Jul?, and August, 1941.
Ceiling prices established by this method, however, must not exceed the highest price at which the seller sold the same category of fur garment during his last selling season. Sellers who have been able to make savings in purchases must pass these along to consumers in determining selling prices by the cost plus percentage mark-up formula.
Prescribes classifications
In order to assure that the pricing of this season’s garments will be for the same classes and types as last season, the regulation prescribes in detail the different “classifications” (coats, jackets, muffs, etc.) into which the garments fall, as well as the "category” (each different type of classification of garment for which price differentials have customarily been established).
Sellers, in pricing women’s fur garments under Regulation 178, first determine their highest price charged for each. category during the last previous selling season. Having established their maxl-
mum prices, they then determine this season’s selling prices at or below these levels by the formulas provided.
The only exception to the provision that the maximum prices shall be no higher than the highest price charged by the seller for the same category of women’s fur garment delivered during the base period, is in the case of a manufacturer who has established a ceiling under section 2 (a) of the general maximum price regulation.
Classification
The "classification” of women’s fur garments is established by the regulation as follows:
1. Jackets and capes up to 26 inches in length.
2. Stroller, capes and wraps from 32 Inches in length up to, but not including, 36 inches in length.
3. Coats, capes and wraps 36 inches in length or longer.
4. xMuffs.
5. Scarfs.
6. Stolls.
Categories
The “category of women’s fur garment” includes:
1. “Kind of skin” which means the animal from which the pelt was taken, e. g., rabbit, muskrat, mink, beaver, red fox, silver fox, etc.
2. Geographical differences in origin of fur, e. g., southern muskrats, Michigan muskrats, etc.
3. Size ranges, as enumerated below.
4. Dyes or blends; e. g., in rabbits, sealine, beaverette, lapin, striped coneys, etc. In muskrats, Hudson seal dyed, mink blend, sable blend, etc.
5. Parts of skin used, e. g., bellies, backs, paws, tails, pieces, etc.
6. Methods of manufacturing, e. g., “let out,” skin to skin, plates, etc.
Ilie size ranges for jackets, capes, strollers, wraps and coats are as follows:
1. Junior sizes 9 to 17, inclusive.
2. Misses’ sizes 10 to 20 and size 38, inclusive.
3. Women’s sizes 40 to 44, inclusive.
4. Sises—specials. (All sizes over 44 and all garments specially manufactured on individual orders at measurements which differ from the normal sizes and require additional materials.)
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Leathers named chief counsel, passenger auto rationing
Appointment of Harland F. Leathers as chief counsel of the passenger automobile rationing branch of the OPA was announced July 10 by Administrator Henderson.
Mr. Leathers transfers to his new post from the tire rationing branch.
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★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
Simpler, more flexible plan gives price relief to producers and wholesalers
Provisions under which producers^ manufacturers, and wholesalers can apply directly to OPA for adjustment of their ceiling prices as established under the general maximum price regulation are contained in an amendment to the regulation announced July 9 by Price Administrator Henderson.
The effect of the amendment is to set up machinery for flexible and expeditious adjustment of all hardship cases arising under the general maximum price regulation as long as the adjustment can be made without causing an increase in the general level of prices.
Amendment No. 10 rewrites Section 18 of the general maximum price regulation and permits the OPA to issue an order for adjustment of ceiling prices under these three circumstances:
1. For retailer who shows that his maximum price is abnormally low in relation to his competitors and causes him substantial hardship. (This provision contains no substantive change from the original provision in the regulation.)
2. For any seller other than a retailer (manufacturers, wholesalers, etc.) who shows that (a) a maximum price is abnormally low in relation to his competitors and causes him substantial hardship, and (b) that the adjusted price will not cause or threaten to cause an increase in the level of retail prices.
3. For all sellers, including retailers, seeking relief on any other basis whose case is typical of other sellers suffering similar hardship and for whom the granting of relief will not jeopardize the purposes of the price regulation to eliminate the danger of inflation.
Until now, the general regulation allowed applications for adjustment of out-of-line prices only by retailers. Wholesalers and manufacturers suffering hardship from out-of-line prices had to petition for an amendment to the regulation.
Other provisions
The amendment also permits “any duly authorized officer” of OPA to order adjustments in ceiling prices. This opens the way for further decentralization of the administration of price regulation by permitting the Price Administrator to designate regional officials to make adjustments in local cases.
The amendment applies to all other maximum price regulations which have Section 18 of the general regulation incorporated in their provisions.
The amendment was effective July 14.
NEW APPOINTMENTS
Appointment of two section chiefs and two consultants in the consumers’ durable goods branch was announced July 7 by Donald H. Wallace, director of the industrial manufacturing price division of the OPA.
George Toomey, New York City, was named chief of the equipment and supplies section, which handles the price control problems on supplies and equipment for offices, stores, hotels, laboratories, schools, institutions and funeral directors.
Thomas P. Kelly, Philadelphia, heads the section dealing with electrical appliances and with cooking and heating stoves.
Samuel Samson, Huntington, w. Va., will serve as special consultant on retail problems.
Lucius A. Croswell, Evanston, Ill., will serve as special consultant on marketing and selling practices.
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Deadline extended for filing supplementary commodity date
In order to give retailers ample time to prepare and file with their local War Price and Rationing Boards supplementary statements showing ceiling prices on cost-of-living commodities offered for sale for the first time after July 1, the dead-line for filing these statements was extended July 6 from the first to the tenth of each month.
This extension, contained in Amendment No. 11 to the general maximum price regulation, in no way alters the basic requirement that retailers file with their local War Price and Rationing Boards by July 1 a statement of their ceiling prices on all cost-of-living commodities in their stock.
The supplementary statements should be in the same form as the original statements but cover only those commodities offered for sale for the first time after July 1 and not listed in the July 1 statement of ceiling prices or in any later supplementary statement filed with rationing boards.
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Top price of 7 cents per pound set on some sales of zinc oxide
An amendment to Maximum Price Regulation No. 166 on zinc oxides permitting a maximum price of 7 cents per pound on sales of zinc oxides containing 35 percent or more lead between May 11 and June 22,1942, was announced July 9 by Price Administrator Henderson.
Regional office grants relief to chain with low base prices by decentralized action
Settlement of the Jewell Food Stores adjustment case in Chicago was cited July 6 by Price Administrator Henderson as an excellent example of the way decentralized administration can operate to give prompt relief to retailers in cases of genuine hardship arising out of the general maximum price regulation.
Jewell Food Stores, operating about 150 stores in the Chicago area, was caught with abnormally low meat prices during March—base period for determining maximum prices under the general regulation—as result of a promotional campaign. A petition to adjust prices on 15 items to the levels charged by competing stores was filed with OPA’s Sixth Regional Office in Chicago on June 5 and an order granting relief has been issued there by John C. Wiegel, regional administrator.
“I call this case to the attention of retailers to correct the widespread impression that red tape and expensive timeconsuming trips to Washington are the lot of the storekeeper if he wishes to present an adjustment case, and obtain relief,” Mr. Henderson said.
“Under OPA’s system of decentralized administration, retailers can obtain prompt disposition of their cases from any of the nine regional offices with a minimum of formality and waste motion.”
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Rental charge plus top price is evasion of refrigerator rule
Dealers who make customers rent secondhand refrigerators for a period before they can buy, and then charge them the ceiling price in addition, drew a warning July 6 from OPA. Such practices are clear evasions of the price regulation, officials stated, adding that "the essential features of this type of transaction have been consistently held by the courts to be a sale if the rental is forced as a condition of purchase.”
At the same time the Administrator advised dealers who may be withdrawing stocks from sale in anticipation of a price increase, that they will have to absorb the costs incurred by withholding Inventories, since no increase in the price level established by Maximum Price Regulation No. 139 for all makes and models of used refrigerators is contemplated by OPA.
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
25
Panama Canal Zone removed from coverage by OPA rules
Because all sales of commodities in the Panama Canal Zone are made through departments or agencies of the United States Government selling at low margins and danger of speculative price increases is thereby eliminated, Price Administrator Henderson'July 10 removed the Canal Zone from coverage by any OPA price regulation.
In issuing Supplementary Order No. 8—Removal of the Panama7 Canal Zone from the Operation of all Price Regulations—Mr. Henderson said that “practically all consumers in the Canal Zone are Government personnel or employed on governmental projects. The prices established for commodities purchased by such employees are purposely low.”
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Dollars-and-cents ceilings set on some southern box lumber
Dollars-and-cents maximum prices for rotary cut southern hardwood box lumber—widely used in the production of boxes, crates and other types of packaging—were announced July 6 by Price Administrator Henderson.
The specific maximum prices apply to rotary cut southern hardwood box lumber—commonly referred to as southern hardwood “box grade veneer”—which has not been cut into box-part finished sizes, with the exception of that cut to standard egg case size, for which dol-lars-and-cents maximums are also established.
These maximum prices are contained in Maximum Price Regulation No. 176— Rotary Cut Southern Hardwood Lumber—which became effective July 11.
The maximum mill prices for the unfinished box grade veneers are established at the level which prevailed during December 1941 and January 1942.
* ★ ★ ★
“TNT—TODAY NOT TOMORROW” IS WESTINGHOUSE SLOGAN
The slogan “TNT—TODAY NOT TOMORROW” was incorrectly attributed to Western Electric & Manufacturing Company of Canton, Ohio, in a War Production Board release reprinted in Victory of June 9. The slogan is that of Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, Canton, Ohio.
New industry advisory committees
The Bureau of Industry Advisory Committees, WPB, has announced the formation of’the following new industry advisory committees:
FIBER BOX INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Douglas Kirk, chief, containers branch.
Members:
C. A. Agar, Agar Container Division, International Paper Co., Whippany, N. J.; J. M. Arndt, Gaylord Container Corporation, St. Louis, Mo.; Sidney Frohman, Hinde & Dauch Paper Co., Sandusky, Ohio; M. B. Hal, American Box Board Co., Grand Rapids, Mich.; J. W. Kieckhefer, Kieckhefer Container Co., Camden, N. J.; A. R. Havighurst, General Container Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio; Wayne Young, Ohio Boxboard Co., Rittman, Ohio; P. A. Schilling, Waldorf Paper Products Co., St. Paul, Minn.;. Joseph W. Schiffen-haus, Schiffenhaus Bros., Newark, N. J.; Irwin L. Solomon, American Corrugated Paper Products Corporation, New York, N. Y.; J. C. Twlnam, O. B. Andrews Co., Chattanooga, Tenn.; George A. Vollmer, Atlas-Box-makers, Inc., Chicago, 111.; H. L. Wollenberg, Longview Fibre Co., Longview, Wash.
FORGED AXE, HATCHET AND HAMMER INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—John L. Haynes, chief of the building materials branch.
Members:
H. W. Conarro, Warren Axe & Tool Co., Warren, Pa.; J. B. Parsons, Mayhew Steel Products, Inc., Shelburne Falls, Mass.; Charles F. Griffith, Griffith Tool Works, Philadelphia, Pa.; L. B. Hough, Collins Co., Collinsville, Conn.; Mark J. Lacey, The Peck Stow & Wilcox Co., Southington, Conn.; E. S. Mulford, Henry Cheney Hammer Co., Little Falls, N. Y.; K. Clyde Council, The Council Tool Co., Wananish, N. C.; Fayette R. Plumb, Fayette R. Plumb, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa.; W. W. Rector, American Fork & Hoe Co., Cleveland, Ohio.; O. A. Rixford, Rixford Mfg. Co., E. Highgate, Vt.; Sanford S. Vaughan, Vaughan & Bushnell Mfg. Co., Chicago, Ill.
HOSPITAL STERILIZER INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Milton Luce, assistant to the chief of the health supplies branch.
Members:
Walter C. Bunzl, general manager, Prometheus Electric Co., New York, N. Y.; W. C. Castle, president, Wilmot Castle Co., Rochester, N. Y.; L. L. Lunenschloss, vice president, Scanlan Morris Co., Madison, Wise.; C. R. Pelton, president, Pelton & Crane Co., Detroit, Mich.; L. L. Watters, president, Hospital Supply Co., New York, N. Y.; Walter S. Yahn, American Sterilizer Co., Erie, Pa.
INDUSTRIAL REFRIGERATION INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—J. M. Fernald, chief, air conditioning and commercial refrigeration branch.
Members:
W. H. Aubrey, vice president, Frick Company, Inc., Waynesboro, Pa.; F. H. Faust, commercial engineer, General Electric Co., Bloomfield, N. J.; D. F. French, vice president, Carrier Corporation, Syracuse, N. Y.; G. A.
Heuser, president, Henry Vogt Machine Co., Louisville, Ky.; H. F. Hildreth, Westinghouse Electric & Mfg. Co., Springfield, Mass.; F. D. Kirk, general sales manager, The Vilter Manufacturing Co., Milwaukee, Wis.; P. B. Zimmerman, vice president, Airtemp Division, Chrysler Corporation, Dayton, Ohio; O. Z. Klopsch, general manager, Wolverine Tube Division, Calumet & Hecla Consolidated Copper Co., Detroit, Mich.; Charles Knox, chief engineer, Baker Ice Machine Co., Inc., Omaha, Nebr.; Marshall G. Munce, York Ice Machinery Corporation, York, Pa.; G. E. Wallace, president, The Creamery Package Mfg. Co., Chicago, Ill.; K. A. Weatherwax, vice president, Acme Industries, Inc., Jackson, Mich.; C. E. Wilson, vice president, Worthingtön Pump & Machinery Corporation, Harrison, N. J.
PARAFFINED CARTON AND PAIL INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—William W. Fitzhugh, chief, folding and setup box section, containers branch.
Members:
Robert S. Bloomer, Bloomer Bros. Co., Newark, N. J.; J. V. Byrne, The Menasha Products Co., Chicago, Hl.; F. Norman Hartman, The Butler Paper Products Co., Toledo, Ohio; A. W. Madsen, National Carton Co., Joliet, Ill.; E. J. Mulholland, Chicago Carton Co., Chicago, Ill.; Lawrence S. Pollock, Pollock Paper and Box Co., Dallas, Tex.; Don. M. Wilson, Sutherland Paper Co., Kalamazoo, Mich.
SECOND-HAND BAG INDUSTRY
Government presiding officer—Allan E. Mackay, chief, paper and textile bag section, containers branch.
Members:
M. M. Bosworth, M. M. Bosworth Co., Memphis, Tenn.; Benjamin J. Corman, American Bag & Burlap Co., Chelsea, Mass.; M. M. Feld, Lone Star Bag & Bagging Co., Houston, Tex.; Lew M. Goodman, Western Burlap Bag Co., Chicago, Ill.; Philip Schwartz, Pacific Diamond “H” Bag Co., San Francisco, Calif.; Sam E. Grodsky, Missouri Bag Co., St. Louis, Mo.; Harry L. Hoffman, Hoffman Bros. Bag Co., Rochester, N. Y.; T. S. Kauffman, National Bag Mfg. Co., Minneapolis, Minn.; Louis Wildstein, Samuel Wildstein & Son, Newark, N. J.
TEA INDUSTRY
Government Presiding Officer—Edwin J. Fitzpatrick, assistant chief of the food supply branch, WPB.
Members:
R. B. Smallwood, president, T. J. Lipton, Inc., Hoboken, N. J.; J. G. Wright, president, Joseph Tetley Co., New York, N. Y.; Chas. J. Hensley, agent, Great A & P Tea Co., New York, N. Y.; H. W. Loudon, partner, Hall & Loudon, New York, N. Y.; Edward Bransten, president, M. J. B. Co., San Francisco, Calif.; Frank Lunding, president, Jewel Tea Co., Barrington, Ill.; A. P. Irwin, president, Irwin-Harrisons-Whitney, Philadelphia, Pa.; H. P. Thompson, president, Anglo-American Direct Trading Co., New York, N. Y.; H. F. Nöchler, president, Eppens-Smith Co., Inc., New York, N. Y.; D. M. Lochner, sales manager, G. E. Bursley Co., Fort Wayne, Ind.; Sylvan T. Stix, treasurer, Seeman Bros. Inc., New York, N. Y.; Jacobus F. Frank, Jacobus F. Frank Co., New York, N. Y.; Joseph Fl-veash, vice president, James G. Gill Coffee Co., Norfolk, Va.
26
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
TRANSPORTATION...
General order governs movement of goods to ports, simplifies handling of cargo
ODT Director Eastman, July 7 issued a general order governing the movement of goods, under ODT permits, into United States ports for offshore shipment.
Scope of order
The order (General Order ODT No. 16), became effective in part on July 10, and will become effective in full on August 1. The order supersedes Instruction ODT No. 1 which became effective June 1.
The new order carries out in general the procedure originally set up in Instruction QDT No. 1 for the handling of all Government freight into the ports, but simplifies the procedure for handling commercial cargo destined to American republics and other areas.
The director of railway transport and the director of traffic movement of ODT jointly may suspend the operation of the order in respect of any freight or traffic “when the needs or exigencies of the war or of the military or naval forces’ will be better served by any such suspension.”
The order, together with instructions to shippers, was worked out in cooperation with the Department of State, the Board of Economic Warfare, and the War Shipping Administration.
Must apply for freight space
Effective immediately, exporters on shipments of 2,240 pounds or more, intended for Latin America, will be required to file with BEW’s Office of Export Control, five copies of a prescribed application for commercial freight space in vessels departing on or after August 15.
These applications, according to BEW instructions to shippers, must be filed not only for goods at an interior point, but also for goods at seaboard, and for all goods shipped under individual, general, or any other type of license.
Applications will be considered only when goods are ready for shipment from the interior, or when goods will be ready to move from factory or warehouse within three weeks after the application has been submitted.
Approved cargo lists prepared
Ship operators are being advised that on and after August 15, no commercial export shipments exceeding 2,240 pounds may be booked or loaded which are not on approved cargo lists prepared by the
WSA. Shipments under 2,240 pounds, covered by a valid export license, may be booked by steamship operators within rigid restrictions as to the aggregate amount per ship, based on BEW priority ratings.
Applications for shipping space, if and when approved by BEW, will be delivered to WSA which, when space is available, will issue an ODT unit permit as evidence of the availability of space. Bookings for a specific ship must be confirmed subsequently by the ship operator. BEW will only transmit to WSA such applications as are determined to be necessary to meet the essential requirements of the importing countries, taking into account the desires expressed by their governments as well as the requirements of those projects producing materials of strategic importance to our war program.
Under ODT’s original Instructions shippers, in order to obtain ODT unit permits, were required to make application to several agencies to cover different movements of shipments.
Bookings for cargo to offshore destinations other than Latin America, will continue to be made by ship operators on direct application by shippers, but subject to final approval by WSA’s office of supervision of cargo clearance in New York, and in such other ports where branches may be set up. This office will draw up approved cargo lists, and ODT unit permits will be issued in accordance with these lists.
★ ★ ★
More tank cars made available for long-haul service
Thousands of additional tank cars have been made available for long-haul service as a result of the ODT order restricting the use of such equipment in hauls of less than 100 miles, ODT said July 7.
The effect of the order (General Order ODT No. 7) has been to divert products normally carried in tank cars to tank trucks for the shorter hauls, ODT asserted.
The cars released have been put to hauling petroleum and petroleum products into the Atlantic Seaboard area and other essential services, according to ODT.
State and local efforts augment plans to save rubber, equipment
Actions taken by State and local governments in line with orders and policies of the ODT have become important factors in the conservation of the Nation’s local transportation facilities, the ODT said July 10.
New York City action typical
Typical of the many cases in which ODT conservation measures have been strengthened by State or local action is the program undertaken some time ago in New York City.
Pursuant to an ODT statement of policy of last April governing the operation of street cars and buses, the New York Transit Commission requested all transit companies under its jurisdiction to begin converting their operations to a wartime basis.
Subsequently, the Commission called each operator before it for questioning as to what had been done or was planned to save tires and equipment.
As a result, many changes have been brought about in the operation of street cars and buses in New York. One of the latest changes was the elimination of about 40 percent of the bus stops within the city limits.
One of the recommendations in the ODT’s 12-point statement of policy was that the number of bus stops be reduced as a means of increasing the efficiency of operations and saving rubber.
Connecticut takes similar steps
Other recommendations called for staggering of hours, full use of street railway lines, turn-backs, utilization of school buses for transportation of war workers, improved traffic control and other expedients.
The Public Utilities Commission of Connecticut has adopted these and similar recommendations as a basis for conservation of transit facilities in that State.
In addition, a plan has been drawn up in Connecticut to facilitate the transportation of war workers through the issuance of War Transportation Certificates to bus operators meeting certain requirements.
The State of California put 150 men to work on traffic surveys even before the ODT program was announced. As a result, California has one of the most progressive war transportation programs in the country.
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
27
City areas under divided rule urged to cooperate on traffic
Wartime passenger transportation problems in metropolitan areas embracing more than one governmental jurisdiction must be worked out on a regional basis if the most effective results are to be obtained, ODT Director Eastman said July 6.
Washington committee cited
The recently created Washington Regional Committee of Defense Transportation Administrators was cited by Mr. Eastman as the type of organization which might well be set up in other metropolitan areas to provide a basis for cooperative efforts by representatives of several local governments to deal with interrelated transportation problems.
The committee, whose members were appointed by the Commissioners of the District of Columbia and the Governors of Maryland and Virginia, will undertake to coordinate transport conservation plans of the various governmental jurisdictions within the Washington metropolitan areas.
“Transportation problems now arising in localities throughout the country— as a result of shortages of rubber and gasoline, curtailment of street car and bus production, and other factors—cut across city, county, and even State, boundaries,” Mr. Eastman said.
★ ★ ★
Governors, public asked to help keep motor trucks rolling
ODT Director Eastman has sent letters to the Governors of the 48 States and to trade associations, veterans’ organizations, service clubs, the U. S. Chamber of Commerce, and national and State trucking associations urging them to aid in the conservation of the country’s 5,000,000 motor trucks.
Mr. Eastman asked that the general public, as well as those directly connected with the trucking industry, get behind the new U. S. Truck Conservation Corps which has been set up by ODT in an effort to prevent any breakdown in this vital form of transportation.
All truck owners who express their willingness to participate in ODT’s preventive maintenance program by signing a pledge to follow certain rules in the operation and care of their vehicles will be entitled to display a red, white, and blue insignia on the right-hand cab door of their trucks.
APPOINTMENTS
ODT Director Eastman, July 8, announced eight appointments to the field staff of the division of railway transport.
Stephen E. Shoup, of Arlington, Va., has been appointed assistant to V. V. Boatner, director of the division of railway transport, and will execute special assignments.
Edward C. Cavey, of Washington, Ind., was appointed deputy associate director of the division for the southern region, with headquarters at Washington, D. C.
Charles F. Caley, of Hamden, Conn., has been named deputy associate director, rail-truck section, at New York City.
George R. Littell, of Lakewood, Ohio, has been made assistant director, rail-truck section, at Cleveland, Ohio.
Nelson E. Kidder, of Marblehead, Mass., has been appointed assistant director, rail-truck section, at Boston, Mass.
Capt, D. J. McGarity, of Mattapan, Mass., has been named supervisor of port conditions at Portland, Oreg.
C. R. Elander, of Seattle, Wash., has been named supervisor of port conditions in that city.
J. V. Nardini, of San Francisco, Calif., has been made supervisor of rail terminals at San Francisco.
★ ★ ★
Coastwise colliers barred Jrom shorter-haul coal movements
ODT Director Eastman July 6 issued a general order prohibiting coastwise colliers from transporting coal from the Hampton Roads area, Va., to any New England port west of Stonington, Conn., except as authorized by special or general permit.
The order (General Order ODT No. 15), which becomes effective July 22, is designed to concentrate all self,-propelled coal ships, of 1,000 tons registry or over, on the long-haul coal movements from Hampton Roads to the farther New England ports which cannot under present conditions be efficiently served by barge lines.
The effect of the order is expected to be a greater utilization of barges for the shorter-haul coal movement along the inland waterway to New York and nearby Connecticut. •
★ ★ ★
RACING BAN POSTPONED
The effective date of a general order prohibiting automobile and motorcycle racing has been postponed from July 10 to July 31, the ODT announced July 8.
The postponement was issued, ODT officials said, to avoid working a hardship on the United Service Organizations, for whose benefit a number of July race meetings had been scheduled before the order was issued July 3. Tickets had already been sold and money spent for several of these races.
Street car, bus companies asked to report conservation steps
The ODT has called upon transit companies throughout the country to give an accounting of steps taken to carry out ODT conservation policies and of the results obtained through these efforts, it was announced July 6.
Letters explaining the purpose of the survey, accompanied by a survey setting forth in detail the kind of information desired, have gone out to 1,100 street car and bus companies, to all State regulatory bodies, and to all local regulatory authorities having jurisdiction over transit operations.
The street car and bus operators are requested by ODT Director Eastman to prepare detailed statements and to submit them to the Division of Local Transport not later than July 24.
They are expected to report changes made in their operations since the meeting of the American Transit Association in Chicago last February 4, when the broad outlines of ODT’s transit conservation program were described by Mr. Eastman and Guy A. Richardson, director of the division of motor transport.
The information sought in the survey goes beyond ODT’s statement of April 17 in that street car and bus companies are expected to describe any and all steps taken to save equipment, especially rubber-tired vehicles, and improve the efficiency of their operations, whether or not such changes were recommended in the statement.
★ ★ ★
Truck conservation handbook widely distributed
Distribution of the Office of Defense Transportation’s handbook for wartime maintenance and operation of the Nation’s existing supply of motor trucks is well under way, ODT announced July 6.
A total of 760,000 copies of the booklet—America’s Trucks—Keep ’em Rolling—have been sent out thus far, and mailing is continuing at the rate of 150,000 to 175,000 a day.
ODT has ordered 3,000,000 copies and several large firms are planning private reprintings.
Copies of the booklet, setting forth the basic principles of preventive maintenance for the Nation’s 5,000,000 commercial vehicles, are to be sent to dealers, garages, service stations, and truck owners throughout the country.
28
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
LABOR . . .
New England textile workers voted pay rise
The National War Labor Board last week, by a vote of 6 to 3, the employer members dissenting, issued an order stabilizing wages in nine New England textile plants.
For the 4,000 or 5,000 workers employed at the plants, those receiving base rates of 640 per hour or less will receive an increase of 70; those receiving 650 will receive an increase of 60, and those receiving more than 650 will receive an increase of 50 per hour. The union involved, the Federation of Dyers, Finishers, Printers, and Bleachers of America, CIO, had asked a fiat 100 per hour wage Increase. The companies had offered a 50 per hour increase.
Wage differentials held unbalanced
Dr. George W. Taylor, vice chairman, who wrote the opinion for the Board in this case, pointed out that during March and April of this year wage increases of 100 an hour for men and 70 an hour for women were negotiated by this union for 13,000 workers in the Metropolitan Area of New York and New Jersey, and a minimum of 850 an hour for male employees and 620 an hour for female employees was established. This compares with an average hourly wage of approximately 63.50 in the plants involved in this case. In addition, he stated, the average hourly earnings for workers in the finishing industry as a whole amounted to 69.50 per hour.
Dr. Taylor’s opinion said in part: “The War Labor Board has the responsibility for considering inequalities in wage rates as a basis for adjustments incident to the wage stabilization program. In this connection, it is important to the present case to note that previously well-established wage differentials in this industry have recently become unbalanced as a result of increases negotiated in the metropolitan area, as well as in certain New England plants not included in the present case.
“. . . In order to effect a stabilization of wages in the textile finishing industry, it is incumbent upon the War Labor Board at least substantially to narrow the wage differential between the New England and the metropolitan areas so that former relationships may, in general, be reinstituted.”
On the question of price ceilings, Dr. Taylor said: “All the evidence fails to
show that the wage increases recommended by the panel would inevitably require a readjustment in the prices presently set. as a ceiling. It is fully recognized that several of the subject companies are presently lacking in financial ability to pay increased wages. The Board points out, however, that the ability of this industry to pay a certain stabilized wage cannot in justice be determined for all solely by reference to the situation at the highest cost mills. It is inevitable that the wage increase ordered by the Board in this case will represent a greater burden to the higher cost mills than to the lower cost concerns. Aside from any equities due to the employees concerned, the present determination recognizes the obvious fact that the higher-cost mills cannot pos
sibly be helped by the provision of a subnormal wage scale which, in these times, would serve principally to increase their labor-turnover.”
Replying to the companies’ main argument against wage increases, that their volume of business would be less than in 1941, Dr. Taylor stated:
Can’t foretell future volume
“The War Labor Board is of the conviction that a stabilized wage, to which the workers are entitled, should not be withheld solely on the assumption that the volume of business will fall off. To begin with, there is simply no sound basis for any accurate estimate respecting the volume of business that will be secured by these plants in the months to come. They are devoting an increasing percentage of their facilities to war production. Nor can the War Labor Board contemplate approving a relatively low and unstabilized wage schedule solely because the overall necessities of a war production program may result in decreased production and in a consequent increased unit cost in this industry which is normally devoted to the production of consumers* goods ... A solution to the resulting profits difficulties of such companies is not to be found through the recognition of substandard or unstabilized wages. This would not only be grossly inequitable to the employees affected, but would be a highly impractical way to attempt to operate a business in these days of increasing demand for labor.”
Three employer members dissent
Three employer members dissented from the Board decision, which was ordered by a vote of 6 to 3. The dissenting opinion, written by E. J. McMillan and concurred in by Roger D. Lapham and George H. Mead, made the following points:
1. The New England and New York companies are not competing in any substantial measure.
2. The average wage paid by the New England companies is above the average in the cotton textile industry in New England.
3. The wage comparison between these New England finishers and the whole of the industry “is not helpful in considering this case,’’ because the companies in this case produce lower cost goods.
4. “Ceiling prices established by these New England finishers for the class of goods they are now finishing do not provide for the absorption of the wage increase ordered by the Board in this case.”
HEROES DAY—The picture is the Treasury Department War Savings Staff’s means of reminding all of ns that July 17 is American Heroes Day. American Heroes Day will get its send-off July 1 at 10 p. m., when the Columbia Network presents over die air heroes of the Army, Navy, and Marine Corps. On the next day all of us all over the United States will cooperate with our local retailers in honoring our local heroes by striving for record sales of War Savings Bonds and Stamps.
BUY MORE BONDS FOR MORE WOMBS m 1
BUY MORE U.^WAR BONDS WID STAMPS
★ ★★★★★★★★ir
★ ★★★★★★★★★
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
29
—Cover illustration by Duffy
A SECOND FRONT in Europe, wherever opened, will be effectively supported by the people in occupied countries, said Elmer Davis, Director of the Office of War Information, in releasing, July 11, a pamphlet entitled The Unconquered People. This is the first official pamphlet to be issued by the new information office.
The Unconquered People tells the story of mounting anti-Nazi resistance and cites numerous specific cases of sabotage, industrial slowdowns, underground activities, guerrilla warfare, and stubborn refusal to submit to the Nazi tyranny.
“The American people should know the facts of the heroic resistance to Hitler by their silent allies in occupied lands,” stated Mr. Davis. “Harassing the Nazis day and night at the risk of death, the people of occupied Europe have dedicated themselves to shaking off the Nazi yoke. They want the American people to know that when the time comes to create a second front it will be effectively supported as a front of liberation.
“A second front will be a two-way operation: we need Europe’s help, Europe needs ours to gain freedom. Evidence in The Unconquered People demonstrates that they rest their lives and hopes upon a United Nations’ victory.”
The pamphlet recalls that local Frenchmen Recently mistook Commandos raiding the coast of France for a full-scale invasion army. “Swiftly turning upon the Nazis,” says the pamphlet, “they seized German arms and produced hidden weapons. This is the shape of things to come.”
The Unconquered People traces the gradual rise of resistance after the first stunned moments of defeat, when “the
The signs say they are ready to help us
main problem was to keep alive, eat, and find a place to sleep.” Hitler’s armies were ordered at first, says the pamphlet, “to seem good-natured and mannerly. The Nazis believed, or pretended to believe, that people whose homes had just been bombed and whose cities had just been destroyed would take the invader to their hearts. But by its very nature the ‘New Order’ could not for long hide its true purpose: wholesale plunder of the occupied countries, scrapping of every vestige of personal freedom, complete Nazification.” *
Resistance at first took simple forms, such as refusal to obey the commands of the German authorities, turning of backs when Nazi columns swung down the street, and coughing loudly in movie theatres when Nazi officials appeared on the screen. Gradually the resistance mounted, becoming a ground-swell of revolt. As examples, the pamphlet cites:
Resignation of Norwegian bishops, teachers, and nurses.
Planting of Dutch tulip fields to resemble huge Dutch flags, visible to RAF flyers.
Kidnaping of German soldiers by Breton fishermen.
Overt anti-Nazi demonstrations and parades.
Publishing of hundreds of secret newspapers.
Wrecking of troop trains, puncturing of oil wagons, incorrect sorting of ammunition.
Slow-downs in factories making arms for the Nazi war machine.
Open warfare by Yugoslav General Mikhailovitch, and other guerrilla groups.
Telling the story of Hitler’s seizure of hostages in reprisal for those who resist his “New Order,” the pamphlet says, “One cannot hope to list accurately the thousands upon thousands of people— fathers, mothers, children, comer grocers, doctors, postmen—who have been slain by the Nazis.” Examples of the Gestapo’s reign of terror include the leveling to the ground of^the Norwegian village of Televaag.
“Not until the ultimate victory of the
United Nations has been achieved,” says the pamphlet, “can the full story of this heroic resistance be told. The black curtain of tyranny is now drawn across Europe. But occasionally the curtain blows back for an instant and we see a continent struggling in its chains. For an instant we see the streets and shuttered houses of an occupied town. We sense the cold relentless fury that peaceful citizens feel toward those who bombed their homes and destroyed their liberty. We see the dull expressionless faces of the occupying troops—men surrounded by an invisible wall of contempt, forever on guard and forever marching through streets whose very stones are hostile.”
COPIES of The Unconquered People may be obtained from the Office of War Information, in Washington.
ILLUSTRATIONS for The Unconquered People, two of which are reproduced on this page, were drawn by Edmund Duffy of the Baltimore Sun as his contribution to the war effort. VICTORY will not mat these pictures, but the Office of War Information will furnish glossy prints for publication on request.
30
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
Landis lauds example set by civilians in recent attack on Dutch Harbor
The recent attack on Dutch Harbor proved to be the first time a civilian defense organization has been called on to operate in an actual bombing raid, according to a report received July 7 by OCD Director James M. Landis from Mayor John W. Fletcher of Unalaska, in the Aleutian Islands.
No hysteria
Mayor Fletcher, in Seattle after the Japanese air raid on Unalaska and the Dutch Harbor area June 3, revealed that the 85 white men and natives of his air raid warden service deliberately exposed themselves, standing in the open amid the din of bombs and antiaircraft fire, to spot possible incendiary bombs. There was no hysteria and the civilian defense workers “carried out their instructions to the letter,” he said.
Director Landis praised the calm efficiency of the civilian workers and the entire population of the island, adding that the example set at Unalaska should reassure any who fear that well-organized American communities would become panicky in case of attack.
“We were ready”
In describing the raid, Mayor Fletcher said:
We were ready, with back-pack pumps, shovels, and sand, but no incendiaries were dropped. The pump tanks had arrived just a few days before. We Mad begun preparation for air raids right after Pearl Harbor. Both civilians and soldiers began digging shelters—we call them dugouts—months in advance of the Dutch Harbor raid. We had collective dugouts, covered with planting and camouflaged with sod, and shallow L-shaped trenches for one person. In one of these a person could lie crosswise from whatever direction in which planes might come, giving protection against strafing.
We had assigned five men to each 4 hours, as fire watchers, wardens, and fire fighters. Each man had his special duties, his special area to cover, and had been trained to fight Incendiary bombs. Many also had first-aid training. We were lucky to have lots of help In our preparations from soldiers stationed In the Harbor. Down here, of course, you can’t depend on that kind of help.
“Carried out instructions to the letter”
No one in Unalaska was killed or injured in the raid. During the attack the military authorities suggested the women and children (about 125 persons) would be safer in a nearby valley than in the dugouts. So I made six or seven shuttle trips with my car loaded with women and children, and other cars joined me. All the men stayed on the job, though.
I was surprised at the way my town took the raid. There was no hysteria—naturally, some people were aware how grave the situ
ation was, as anyone would be with death at his door any possible minute. ’ But they carried out instructions to the letter. The men went about their appointed jobs, and women and children went quietly to the places of safety where we conveyed them.
Advises civilians to “get on the alert”
When I returned from the final trip to the valley I found every fire warden and every fire fighter at his appointed post, and I mean white men and natives as well. They worked calmly during and after the attack.
My advice to the civilian population of the coast, and to the Defense Corps Volunteers, is this—get on the alert and stay on the alert, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Perfect—if that is still necessary—all civilian protection services. Acquaint the civilian population with what is expected of them during raids, build your blood banks, speed up your first-aid training courses, and beware of giving information to strangers which may be of vital military nature.
I am sorry to see that some people down here (Seattle) believe this war is very remote from them. But those of us who have been evacuated from the Dutch Harbor region know that it did happen there, and it can happen here. I hope you will never be faced with what we have gone through. The* only safe thing to do from now on is to live in constant anticipation that it may happen here.
Fletcher said many persons in the Dutch Harbor area knew a Japanese task force was in the neighborhood and preparation had been made accordingly.
★ ★ ★
U. S. technical mission to aid
Ecuador in reconstruction work
Organization of a technical mission to cooperate with Ecuador in the rehabilitation of El Oro Province was announced July 9 by Nelson A. Rockefeller, Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs.
The mission will work with Ecuadoran authorities in planning for the reconstruction of territory which was partly depopulated during the border dispute between Peru and Ecuador.
★ ★ ★
GRANT SUCCEEDS GASSER
Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, 3d, grandson of the eighteenth President of the United States, has just assumed his duties as chief of the protection branch, OCD. Effective July 1, General Grant succeeded Maj. Gen. Lorenzo D. Gasser who has been reassigned to the Army Staff of Service and Supplies by the Secretary of War.
Air couriers for war plants
The New York Wing of the Civil Air Patrol has established a courier-cargo base on Long Island where planes and pilots stand by from dawn to dusk, ready to fly within 10 minutes to carry personnel and vital material between war production plants and their subcontractors and shipping points.
Recently, for example, five key men were flown from the New York area to a subcontractor’s plant to solve a production problem and returned to their home factory in time to finish the day’s work. In another case, vital parts were flown from an up-State supply point to prevent a production bottleneck.
Doesn’t compete with commercial carriers
This type of service does not compete with established commercial carriers but replaces travel previously made on the rubber tires of the company trucks, cars, and motorcycles. Savings in time have ranged up to 60 percent. Approximately 40 percent of the trips have carried both personnel and materials.
Manufacturers who have cooperated in establishing the service are calling on the Civil Air Patrol with increasing frequency. Plans are under way at a number of other points to set up similar bases.
★ ★ ★
WELL-KNOWN ARTISTS WILL DRAW FOR YOUR
PAPER OR MAGAZINE
VICTORY PRESENTS, on facing page, a ninth group of 4 drawings by well-known American artists who have volunteered their talents to help emphasize, in their own medium, matters vital to winning the war. Victory will print four drawings by these and other artists each week. Permission to reprint is hereby granted. Mats in two-column size' (larger than appears here) are available weekly. Requests to be put on the mailing list regularly, or for individual mats, should be addressed to Distribution Section, Office of War Information, Washington, D. C.
{In individual orders for the four drawings displayed this week, please refer to the serial numbers printed on the drawings.)
July 14, 1942
★ VICTORY ★
31
V-59-l/t3
Drawn for Office of War Information.
VS6-1/I3
Drawn for Office of War Information.
r-61-7/13
Drawn for Office of War Information.
V’OO’i/ii Drawn for Office of War Information.
“ ... Yeahf My wife makes ’em.”
32
★ VICTORY ★
July 14, 1942
OWI chief’s first regulation calls for “open door” on news
The Government shall issue as promptly as possible all news and background information essential to a clear understanding of the Nation’s war effort, Elmer Davis, Director of Way Information, asserted in Office of War Information Regulation No. 1, sent to the heads of all Executive departments and agencies July 10. Only information which would give aid and comfort to the enemy will be withheld, the regulation added.
Federal agencies were directed to maintain, within the framework of policy to be established by the OWI chief, an “open door” for press, radio, and other media. The agencies are to release direct to the public “information which relates exclusively to their authorized activities and which does not bear significantly upon the war information program and policies of the Government.” News relating significantly to the war effort or cutting across agency or departmental lines is to be cleared or issued by OWI.
Of information involving the Armed Services, the regulation has this to say:
“The Office of War Information will cooperate with the War and Navy Departments in facilitating the fullest possible dissemination of information involving military and naval actions. Whether specific military information would be of aid to the enemy will be determined by the War or Navy Department after consultation with the Director of War Information.”
HOW WAR INFORMATION OFFICE IS ORGANIZED
Director..___________________________________________, Elmer Davis
Associate Director____________________________________M. S. Eisenhower
Assistant Director, Domestic Branch-------------------Gardner Cowles, Jr.
Assistant Director, Overseas Branch-------------------Robert Sherwood
Assistant Director, Policy Development________________Archibald MacLeish
Domestic Branch-(Mr. Cowles)
Chief, News Bureau—___________________________________Robert Horton
Chief, Radio Bureau____________________________________ William B. Lewis
Chief, Bureau of Publications and Graphics------------J. R. Fleming
Chief, Bureau of Motion Pictures _______—-------------Lowell Mellett
Chief, Bureau of Public Inquiries_____________________Katherine C. Blackburn
Chief, Bureau of Special Operations___________________Philip Hamblet*
Overseas Branch (Mr. Sherwood)
Chief, Outpost Bureau_________________________________Harold Guinzburg
Chief, International Press and Radio Bureau (N. Y.)---Joseph Barnes
Chief, Bureau of Overseas Publications (N. Y.)________Edward Stanley
Chief, Bureau of Communications Facilities__________— Murray Brophy
Chief, West Coast Office_______________________________Warren Pierce
Policy Development Branch (Mr. MacLeish)
Deputies for Departmental liaison: A. H. Feller, James Allen, Arthur Sweetser,
Reginald C. Foster, Frank P. Shepard, Robert Huse.
Chief, Bureau of Intelligence_________________________R. Keith Kane
•Special Assistant to the Director, Acting in Charge.
Fuel-oil deliveries return to normal in Oregon, Washington
Fuel-oil deliveries to consumers in the States of Oregon and Washington will be returned to normal under the terms of an amendment to Limitation Order L-56, issued July 11 by the WPB on the recommendation of the Office of Petroleum Coordinator.
A 50-percent cut in deliveries of fuel oil for use in heating and cooling equipment has been in effect in Washington and Oregon since May 15. The July 11 amendment removes this limitation by shifting the States of Washington and
Oregon from Area One, which now consists only of Eastern States where the 50-percent limitation remains in effect, to Area Three, where deliveries to consumers who now use fuel oil for heating and cooling are unrestricted.
The prohibition against the use of fuel oil for coal spraying and for use in any facilities or equipment installed since April 13, 1942, remain in effect in Washington and Oregon as well as in other designated areas.
OFFICE FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Central Administrative Services: Dallas Dort, Director.
Board of War Communications: James Lawrence Fly, Chairman.
National War Labor Board: Wm. H. Davis, Chairman.
Office of Scientific Research and Development: Dr. Vannevar Bush, Director.
Office of Civilian Defense: James M. Landis, Director.
Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs: Nelson Rockefeller, Coordinator.
Office of Defense Health and Welfare Services: Paul V. McNutt, Director.
Office of Defense Transportation: Joseph B. Eastman, Director.
Office of Lend-Lease Administration: E. R.
Stettinius, Jr., Administrator.
Office of Price Administration: Leon Henderson, Administrator.
Wayne Coy, Liaison Officer
Office of War Information: Elmer Davis, Director.
Office of Alien Property Custodian: Leo T. Crowley, Custodian.
War Manpower Commission: Paul V. McNutt, Chairman.
War Relocation Authority: Dillon S. Myer, Director.
War Shipping Administration: Rear Admiral Emory S. Land, U. S. N. (Retired), Administrator.
War Production Board:
Donald M. Nelson, Chairman.
Henry L. Stimson.
Frank W. Knox.
Jesse H. Jones.
William S. Knudsen.
Sidney Hillman.
Leon Henderson.
Henry A. Wallace.
Harry L. Hopkins.
War Production Board Organization:
Donald M. Nelson, Chairman.
Executive Secretary, G. Lyle Belsley.
William L. Batt, Vice Chairman.
James S. Knowlson, Vice Chairman.
Director General of Operations: Amory Houghton.
Smaller War Plants Corporation: Lou E. Holland, Deputy Chairman.
Labor Production Division : Wendell Lund, Director.
Civilian Supply Division: Leon Henderson, Director.
Requirements Committee: James S. Knowlson, Chairman.
I. ». GOVERNMENT PRINTING OPPICI! till