    [United States Government Manual]
    [June 02, 1998]
    [Pages 328-366]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

    [[Page 328]]

    DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

    Tenth Street and Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530

    Phone, 202-514-2000. Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/.
    THE ATTORNEY GENERAL                              Janet Reno
        Chief of Staff                                John M. Hogan
        Deputy Chief of Staff                         Kent Markus
        Confidential Assistant to the                 Bessie L. Meadows
                Attorney General
        Assistants to the Attorney General            Sidney Espinosa,
                                                              Wilfredo A.
                                                              Ferrer, David
                                                              Jones, Cheryl
                                                              L. Montgomery,
                                                              Thomas J.
                                                              Perrelli, E.
                                                              Kinney Zalesne
    Deputy Attorney General                           Eric H. Holder, Jr.
        Confidential Assistant                        Annie Bradley
        Principal Associate Deputy Attorney           Robert S. Litt
                General
        Chief of Staff                                Kevin A. Ohlson
        Associate Deputy Attorneys General            Paul J. Fishman,
                                                              Marshall
                                                              Jarrett, David
                                                              Margolis,
                                                              Eileen Mayer,
                                                              Roslyn A.
                                                              Mazer,
                                                              Jonathan
                                                              Schwartz,
                                                              Robert M.
                                                              Wilkinson
        Counsels to the Deputy Attorney               John Bentivoglio,
                General                                       Craig Iscoe
        Special Assistants to the Deputy              Bernard Delia, Lisa
                Attorney General                              Winston
        Director, Executive Office for                Daniel S. Seikaly
                National Security
            Deputy Director/Associate Deputy          Michael A. Vatis
                    Attorney General
        Counsel for National Affairs                  James A. McAtamney
    Associate Attorney General                        Raymond C. Fisher
        Confidential Assistant                        Jayne Schreiber
        Deputy Associate Attorneys General            Francis M. Allegra,
                                                              John Dwyer,
                                                              Richard
                                                              Jerome,
                                                              Reginald
                                                              Robinson,
                                                              Lewis Anthony
                                                              Sutin, Michael
                                                              Small
        Assistant Associate Attorney General          Kenneth Chernof
        Senior Counsel, Office of                     Peter R. Steenland,
                Alternative Dispute                           Jr.
                Resolution
    Solicitor General                                 Seth P. Waxman, Acting
    Inspector General                                 Michael Bromwich
    Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal       Dawn Johnsen, Acting
            Counsel
    Assistant Attorney General, Office of             Andrew Fois
            Legislative Affairs
    Assistant Attorney General, Office of Policy      Eleanor D. Acheson
            Development
    Assistant Attorney General for Administration     Stephen R. Colgate
    Assistant Attorney General, Antitrust Division    Joel I. Klein

    [[Page 329]]

    Assistant Attorney General, Civil Division        Frank W. Hunger
    Assistant Attorney General, Civil Rights          Bill Lann Lee, Acting
            Division
    Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Division     John C. Keeney, Acting
    Assistant Attorney General, Environment and       Lois J. Schiffer
            Natural Resources Division
    Assistant Attorney General, Tax Division          Loretta C. Argrett
    Assistant Attorney General, Office of Justice     Laurie Robinson
            Programs
    Director, Office of Public Affairs                Bert Brandenburg
    Directors, Office of Information and Privacy      Richard L. Huff,
                                                              Daniel J.
                                                              Metcalfe
    Director, Office of Intergovernmental Affairs     Nicholas M. Gess
    Director, Executive Office for U.S. Attorneys     Carol DiBattiste
    Director, Bureau of Prisons                       Kathleen M. Hawk
    Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation         Louis J. Freeh
    Director, United States Marshals Service          Eduardo Gonzalez
    Director, Executive Office for Immigration        Anthony C. Moscato
            Review
    Director, Executive Office for United States      Joseph Patchan
            Trustees
    Director, Community Relations Service             Rose Ochi
    Director, Community Oriented Policing Services    Joseph Brann
    Administrator, Drug Enforcement Administration    Thomas A. Constantine
    Commissioner, Immigration and Naturalization      Doris Meissner
            Service
    Chairman, United States Parole Commission         Michael Gaines
    Chairman, Foreign Claims Settlement Commission    Delissa A. Ridgway
    Chief, INTERPOL-U.S. National Central Bureau      James Christensen,
                                                              Acting
    Counsel, Office of Intelligence Policy and        Gerald E. Schroeder,
            Review                                            Acting
    Counsel, Office of Professional Responsibility    Michael E. Shaheen,
                                                              Jr.
    Pardon Attorney                                   Roger C. Adams, Acting

    [For the Department of Justice statement of organization, see the Code
            of Federal Regulations, Title 28, Chapter I, Part 0]

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As the largest law firm in the Nation, the Department of Justice serves
    as counsel for its citizens. It represents them in enforcing the law in
    the public interest. Through its thousands of lawyers, investigators,
    and agents, the Department plays the key role in protection against
    criminals and subversion, in ensuring healthy competition of business in
    our free enterprise system, in safeguarding the consumer, and in
    enforcing drug, immigration, and naturalization laws. The Department
    also plays a significant role in protecting citizens through its efforts
    for effective law enforcement, crime prevention, crime detection, and
    prosecution and rehabilitation of offenders.
      Moreover, the Department conducts all suits in the Supreme Court in
    which the United States is concerned. It represents the Government in
    legal matters generally, rendering legal advice and opinions, upon
    request, to the President and to the heads of the executive departments.
    The Attorney General supervises and directs these activities, as well as
    those of the U.S. attorneys and U.S. marshals in the various judicial
    districts around the country.

    [[Page 330]]

    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] T177653.025

    [[Page 331]]

    The Department of Justice was established by act of June 22, 1870, as
    amended (28 U.S.C. 501, 503, 509 note), with the Attorney General as its
    head. Prior to 1870 the Attorney General was a member of the President's
    Cabinet, but not the head of a department, the office having been
    created under authority of act of September 24, 1789, as amended (28
    U.S.C. 503).
        The affairs and activities of the Department of Justice are
    generally directed by the Attorney General. The offices, divisions,
    bureaus, and boards of the Department follow.

    Offices

    Attorney General  The Attorney General, as head of the Department of
    Justice and chief law enforcement officer of the Federal Government,
    represents the United States in legal matters generally and gives advice
    and opinions to the President and to the heads of the executive
    departments of the Government when so requested. The Attorney General
    appears in person to represent the Government before the U.S. Supreme
    Court in cases of exceptional gravity or importance. The Office of the
    Attorney General oversees the Offices of Deputy Attorney General,
    Associate Attorneys General, Legal Counsel, and Inspector General, as
    well as the following offices whose public purposes are widely applied.
    Solicitor General  The Solicitor General represents the U.S. Government
    in cases before the Supreme Court. He decides what cases the Government
    should ask the Supreme Court to review and what position the Government
    should take in cases before the Court. Also, he supervises the
    preparation of the Government's Supreme Court briefs and other legal
    documents and the conduct of the oral arguments in the Court. He or his
    staff argue most of the Government's cases in the Supreme Court. The
    Solicitor General's duties also include deciding whether the United
    States should appeal in all cases it loses before the lower courts.
    Legal Counsel  The Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Office of
    Legal Counsel assists the Attorney General in fulfilling the Attorney
    General's function as legal adviser to the President and all the
    executive branch agencies. The Office drafts legal opinions of the
    Attorney General rendered in response to requests from the President and
    heads of the executive departments. It also provides its own written
    opinions and informal advice in response to requests from the various
    agencies of the Government, as well as offices within the Department and
    from Presidential staff and advisers, typically dealing with legal
    issues involving agency disagreements or with pending legislation. The
    Office also is responsible for providing legal advice to the executive
    branch on all constitutional questions.
        All Executive orders and proclamations proposed to be issued by the
    President are reviewed by the Office of Legal Counsel for form and
    legality, as are various other matters that require the President's
    formal approval. In addition, the Office of Legal Counsel functions as
    general counsel for the Department. It reviews all proposed orders of
    the Attorney General and all regulations requiring the Attorney
    General's approval.
        The Office coordinates the work of the Department with respect to
    treaties, executive agreements, and international organizations. It
    performs a variety of special assignments referred by the Attorney
    General or the Deputy Attorney General. However, it is not authorized to
    give legal advice to private persons.
    Information and Privacy  The Office of Information and Privacy (OIP)
    operates under the supervision of a Director, who manages the
    Department's responsibilities related to the Freedom of Information Act
    (FOIA) and the Privacy

    [[Page 332]]

    Act. These responsibilities include coordinating policy development and
    compliance Governmentwide for FOIA, and by the Department for the
    Privacy Act; and adjudicating all appeals from denials by any Department
    component of access to information under those acts. OIP also processes
    all initial requests under those acts for access to the records of the
    Offices of the Attorney General, Deputy Attorney General, Associate
    Attorney General, and other senior management offices of the Department.
    Pardon Attorney  The Office of the Pardon Attorney, in consultation with
    the Attorney General or the Attorney General's designee, assists the
    President in the exercise of his pardon power under Article II, section
    2, of the Constitution. Generally, all requests for pardon or other
    forms of executive clemency, including commutation of sentence, are
    directed to the Pardon Attorney for investigation and review. The Pardon
    Attorney prepares the Department's recommendation to the President for
    final disposition of each application.
    Community Relations Service  The Service was created by title X of the
    Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000g et seq.). The Community
    Relations Service is under the general authority of the Attorney General
    and is headed by a Director, appointed by the President with the advice
    and consent of the Senate.
        The mission of the Service is to prevent and resolve community
    conflicts and reduce community tensions arising from actions, policies,
    and practices perceived to be discriminatory on the basis of race,
    color, or national origin. The Service offers assistance to communities
    in resolving disputes relating to race, color, or national origin and
    facilitates the development of viable agreements as alternatives to
    coercion, violence, or litigation. It also assists and supports
    communities in developing local mechanisms as proactive measures to
    prevent or reduce racial/ethnic tensions.
        The services provided include conciliation, mediation, technical
    assistance, and training, and involve specialized procedures for
    preventing and resolving racial and ethnic conflicts. The Service
    provides assistance directly to people and their communities. It shows
    no partiality among disputing parties and, in promoting the principles
    and ideals of nondiscrimination, applies skills that allow parties to
    mediate their own disputes. The Service's conciliators, who are located
    in 10 regional offices and 4 field offices around the country, assist
    people of diverse racial and cultural backgrounds.
        The Service offers its assistance either on its own motion, when in
    its judgment peaceful relations among the citizens of a community are
    threatened, or upon request of State or local officials or other
    interested persons. The Service seeks the cooperation of appropriate
    State and local, and public and private agencies in carrying out the
    agency's mission.

                                      Regional Offices--Community Relations Service
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Address                                          Director                        Phone/FTS
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Boston, MA (99 Summer St., 02110)..............  Martin A. Walsh................................    617-424-5715
    New York, NY (26 Federal Plz., 10278)..........  Patricia Glenn.................................    212-264-0700
    Philadelphia, PA (2d and Chestnut Sts., 19106).  Jonathan Chace.................................    215-597-2344
    Atlanta, GA (75 Piedmont Ave. NE., 30303)......  Ozell Sutton...................................    404-331-6883
    Chicago, IL (55 W. Monroe St., 60603)..........  Jesse Taylor...................................    312-353-4391
    Dallas, TX (1420 W. Mockingbird Ln., 75247)....  Gilbert J. Chavez..............................    214-655-8175
    Kansas City, MO (323 W. 8th St., 64105)........  Atkins Warren..................................    816-426-7434
    Denver, CO (1244 Speer Blvd., 80204-3584)......  Silke Hansen, Acting...........................    303-844-2973
    San Francisco, CA (33 New Montgomery St., 94105- Booker Neal, Acting............................    415-744-6565
     4511).
    Seattle, WA (915 2d Ave., 98101)...............  Robert Lamb, Jr................................    206-220-6700
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For further information, contact any regional office or the Director,
    Community Relations Service, Department of Justice, Suite 2000, 600 E
    Street NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-305-2935.

    [[Page 333]]

    Justice Management Division  Under the direction of the Assistant
    Attorney General for Administration, the Division provides assistance to
    senior management officials relating to basic Department policy for
    evaluation, budget and financial management, asset forfeiture
    management, personnel management and training, equal opportunity
    programs, automatic data processing and telecommunications, security,
    records management, procurement, real property and materiel management,
    and for all other matters pertaining to organization, management, and
    administration.
        The Division provides direct administrative support services, such
    as personnel, accounting, payroll, procurement, budget, and facilities
    and property management to the offices, boards, and divisions of the
    Department; and operates several central services, such as automated
    data processing.
        The Division develops and promulgates Departmentwide policies,
    standards, and procedures for the management of automated information
    processing resources and for the directive system and reviews their
    implementation. The Division collects, organizes, and disseminates
    recorded information that is necessary for the Department to carry out
    its statutory mandate and provides general research and reference
    assistance regarding information to Department staff, other Government
    attorneys, and members of the public.
    Professional Responsibility  The Office of Professional Responsibility,
    which reports directly to the Attorney General, is responsible for
    investigating allegations of criminal or ethical misconduct by employees
    of the Justice Department. The Counsel on Professional Responsibility
    heads the Office, the role of which is to ensure that departmental
    employees continue to perform their duties in accordance with the high
    professional standards expected of the Nation's principal law
    enforcement agency.
        All allegations of misconduct against Department attorneys that
    relate to the exercise of their discretion to investigate, litigate, or
    provide legal advice are reported to the Office of Professional
    Responsibility. The Office also has jurisdiction to investigate
    allegations of misconduct by law enforcement personnel when they are
    related to allegation of misconduct by attorneys within the Office's
    jurisdiction. The Office usually conducts its own investigations into
    allegations.
        The Office may also participate in or direct an investigation
    conducted by another component of the Department, or may simply monitor
    an investigation conducted by an appropriate agency having jurisdiction
    over the matter. In addition, the Office oversees the internal
    inspection operations of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Drug
    Enforcement Administration.
        The Counsel submits an annual report to the Attorney General that
    reviews and evaluates the Department's internal inspection units. The
    Counsel makes recommendations to the Attorney General on the need for
    changes in policies or procedures that become evident during the course
    of internal inquiries reviewed or initiated by the Office.
    Intelligence Policy and Review  The Office of Intelligence Policy and
    Review, under the direction of the Counsel to the Attorney General for
    Intelligence Policy, is responsible for advising the Attorney General on
    all matters relating to the national security activities of the United
    States. The Office also serves as adviser to the Attorney General and
    various client agencies, including the Central Intelligence Agency, the
    Federal Bureau of Investigation, the National Security Agency, and the
    Defense and State Departments, concerning questions of law, regulation,
    and guidelines as well as the legality of domestic and overseas
    intelligence operations.
        The Office prepares and files all applications for surveillances and
    searches under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978,
    assists Government agencies by providing legal advice on matters of
    national security law and policy and represents the Department of
    Justice on a variety of interagency committees. The Office also

    [[Page 334]]

    comments on and coordinates other agencies' views regarding proposed
    legislation affecting national security and intelligence matters.
        The Office maintains an Intelligence Analytic Unit (IAU) to keep the
    Attorney General, Deputy Attorney General, and other senior Department
    officials currently informed on matters pertaining to their
    responsibilities.
    Executive Office for United States Attorneys (EOUSA)  The Office was
    created on April 6, 1953, by Attorney General Order No. 8-53, to meet a
    need for a closer liaison between the Department of Justice in
    Washington, DC, and the U.S. attorneys. The Office is under the
    supervision of the Deputy Attorney General.
        The mission of EOUSA is to provide general executive assistance to
    the 94 Offices of the U.S. attorneys and to coordinate the relationship
    between the U.S. attorneys and the organization components of the
    Department of Justice and other Federal agencies.
    U.S. Trustee Program  The U.S. Trustee Program acts in the public
    interest to promote the efficiency and to protect and preserve the
    integrity of the bankruptcy system. It works to secure the just, speedy,
    and economical resolution of bankruptcy cases; monitors the conduct of
    parties, takes action to ensure compliance with applicable laws and
    procedures, and identifies and investigates bankruptcy fraud and abuse;
    and oversees administrative functions in bankruptcy cases. The Program
    is funded by the U.S. Trustee System Fund, which consists mainly of
    filing fees paid by debtors invoking the protections of the bankruptcy
    laws.
        The U.S. Trustees supervise the administration of four of the five
    types of bankruptcy proceedings defined under the Bankruptcy Code. These
    are:
        --proceedings under chapter 7 in which the assets of the debtor are
    liquidated;
        --reorganization proceedings under chapter 11 for rehabilitation of
    the business debtor;
        --adjustments of debts of a family farmer with regular income under
    chapter 12; and
        --adjustment of debts of an individual with regular income under
    chapter 13, pursuant to which an individual can discharge debts by
    arranging for payments over a period of time. The U.S. Trustee does not
    have a significant role in proceedings under chapter 9, which relates to
    the adjustment of debts of a municipality.
        Specific responsibilities of the U.S. Trustees include:
        --appointing and supervising the performance of private trustees in
    individual cases;
        --appointing and convening creditors' committees in chapter 11
    corporate reorganization cases;
        --reviewing applications for the retention of professionals and the
    payment of fees;
        --reviewing disclosure statements and submitting statements to the
    court regarding their adequacy;
        --appointing trustees or examiners in such cases as needed;
        --ensuring that the assets involved in bankruptcy cases are
    protected during the administration of cases;
        --serving as trustees in chapters 7, 12, and 13 cases where private
    trustees are unwilling to serve; and
        --presenting matters relating to the Bankruptcy Code in court.
    Executive Office for U.S. Trustees  The Attorney General is charged with
    the appointment, supervision, and coordination of the U.S. Trustees and
    Assistant U.S. Trustees. Day-to-day policy and legal direction,
    coordination, and control are provided by the Director of the Executive
    Office for U.S. Trustees who is appointed by the Attorney General. The
    Executive Office also provides administrative and management support to
    individual U.S. Trustee Offices.

    [[Page 335]]

    For further information, contact the Executive Office for U.S. Trustees,
    Department of Justice, Suite 700, 901 E Street NW., Washington, DC
    20530. Phone, 202-307-1391.

    Divisions

    Antitrust Division

    The Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Antitrust Division is
    responsible for promoting and maintaining competitive markets by
    enforcing the Federal antitrust laws. Such enforcement, which is the
    principal function of the Division, involves investigating possible
    antitrust violations, conducting grand jury proceedings, preparing and
    trying antitrust cases, prosecuting appeals, and negotiating and
    enforcing final judgments. The antitrust laws affect virtually all
    industries and apply to every phase of business, including
    manufacturing, transportation, distribution, and marketing. They
    prohibit a variety of practices that restrain trade, such as price-
    fixing conspiracies, corporate mergers likely to reduce the competitive
    vigor of particular markets, and predatory acts designed to achieve or
    maintain monopoly power. The Division prosecutes serious and willful
    violations of the antitrust laws by filing criminal suits that can lead
    to large fines and jail sentences. Where criminal prosecution is not
    appropriate, the Division seeks a court order forbidding future
    violations of the law and requiring steps by the defendant to remedy the
    anticompetitive effects of past violations.
        The Division also is responsible for acting as an advocate of
    competition within the Federal Government. This involves formal
    appearances in Federal administrative agency proceedings, development of
    legislative initiatives to promote deregulation and eliminate
    unjustifiable exemptions from the antitrust laws, participation on
    executive branch policy task forces, and publication of reports on
    regulated industry performance. The Division provides formal advice to
    other agencies on the competitive implications of proposed transactions
    requiring Federal approval, such as construction of nuclear powerplants
    and mergers of financial institutions. It also consults with Federal
    agencies on a variety of other matters, including the issuance of
    Federal coal and oil drilling leases and the disposition of surplus
    Government property.
        In addition, the Antitrust Division represents the United States in
    judicial proceedings to review certain orders of regulatory agencies and
    provides direct court representation for the Secretary of the Treasury
    in certain Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms cases. It also
    participates in Federal Trade Commission cases before the Supreme Court.
        In the international law area, the Division represents the United
    States on the Committee on Competition Law and Policy of the
    Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; participates in
    the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and in the World
    Trade Organization's trade and competition working group; and, in
    conjunction with the Department of State, maintains liaison with foreign
    governments on antimonopoly laws and policies.

    For further information, contact the FOIA Unit, Antitrust Division,
    Department of Justice, 325 Seventh Street NW., Washington, DC 20530.
    Phone, 202-514-2692.

    Civil Division

    The Civil Division represents the United States, its departments and
    agencies, Members of Congress, Cabinet officers, and other Federal
    employees. Its litigation reflects the diversity of Government
    activities, involving, for example, the defense of challenges to
    Presidential actions; national security issues; benefit programs; energy
    policies; commercial issues such as contract disputes, banking,
    insurance, patents, fraud, and debt collection; all manner of accident
    and liability claims; and violations of the immigration and

    [[Page 336]]

    consumer protection laws. Each year, Division attorneys handle thousands
    of cases that collectively involve billions of dollars in claims and
    recoveries. The Division confronts significant policy issues, which
    often rise to constitutional dimensions, in defending and enforcing
    various Federal programs and actions.
        The Civil Division litigates cases in all Federal district courts,
    the U.S. Courts of Appeals, the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, other
    Federal and State courts, and the courts of foreign nations. Division
    attorneys either conduct this litigation personally or they supervise or
    assist the U.S. attorneys and foreign counsel to whom the Division
    refers the cases. The Division is composed of seven major groups: the
    Torts Branch, the Commercial Litigation Branch, the Federal Programs
    Branch, the Appellate Staff, the Office of Consumer Litigation, the
    Office of Immigration Litigation, and an Office of Management Programs.
    Torts  The Torts Branch is responsible for suits under the Federal Tort
    Claims Act, including medical malpractice, aviation disasters,
    environmental and occupational disease, and radiation and toxic
    substance exposure. It also handles maritime litigation and suits that
    seek personal monetary judgments against individual officers or
    employees.
        Tort litigation more specifically includes the defense of all
    Federal Tort Claims Act suits against the United States, and the
    prosecution of suits in tort on behalf of the United States. Suits and
    administrative claims for death, personal injury, and property damage
    brought under the Tort Claims Act allege negligence on the part of
    Government employees acting within the scope of their employment and
    involve matters such as the operation of Government vehicles, the
    maintenance of Government premises, and the performance of Federal
    services and regulatory functions such as medical treatment, hospital
    care, and the control of civilian, military, and commercial air traffic.
    In addition, the Torts Branch defends petitions filed pursuant to the
    Vaccine Injury Compensation Program and is responsible for administering
    the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act.
        Tort litigation also includes all legal proceedings involving the
    United States related to ships, shipping, navigable waters, and
    workmen's compensation. The Division's admiralty litigation includes
    suits for personal injury and property damage involving vessels, shore
    installations, and maritime personnel, equipment, and cargoes; suits
    arising out of contracts involving shipping, chartering of vessels, and
    the construction, repair, and salvaging of vessels; proceedings to
    enforce navigation and shipping laws; and litigation based on
    international maritime agreements.
    Commercial Litigation  The Commercial Litigation Branch is responsible
    for litigation associated with the Government's diverse financial
    involvements.
        This litigation includes all monetary suits involving contracts,
    express or implied; actions to foreclose on Government mortgages and
    liens; bankruptcy and insolvency proceedings; and suits against
    guarantors and sureties.
        Branch attorneys bring suit under the False Claims Act (31 U.S.C.
    3729) for the recovery of treble damages and civil penalties and
    alternative remedies, in connection with fraud in the award or
    performance of Government contracts, false claims presented in
    connection with Federal programs such as Medicare, the submission of
    false statements and vouchers to Government agencies, and the use of
    other fraudulent devices in transactions with the Government. These
    suits include those filed pursuant to the qui tam provisions of the
    False Claims Act, in which private citizens with knowledge of fraud
    against the Government may file a lawsuit against the perpetrators on
    behalf of the United States and share in a percentage of any monetary
    recovery. Branch attorneys also bring suits to recover sums paid to
    bribe Government officials and kickbacks in Government procurement.
        The Branch is responsible for all cases in the U.S. Court of
    International Trade, including suits brought by importers of merchandise
    to challenge the appraisement or classification of imported goods or
    other decisions of the

    [[Page 337]]

    U.S. Customs Service in its administration of the tariff laws and
    schedules.
        The Branch has responsibility for all litigation in the U.S. Court
    of Federal Claims except for those cases assigned to the Environment and
    Natural Resources Division and the Tax Division. Included are:
        --patent cases and suits arising out of construction, procurement,
    service contracts, and claims associated with contract terminations;
        --claims involving freight rate disputes arising out of the
    transportation of Government property;
        --claims for just compensation under the fifth amendment;
        --claims for salary or retirement by civilian and military
    personnel; and
        --cases assigned by congressional reference or special legislation.
        Likewise, Branch attorneys handle the majority of cases before the
    Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. This litigation involves
    appeals of decisions made by the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, the U.S.
    Court of Veterans Appeals, Boards of Contract Appeals, the Merit Systems
    Protection Board, and Federal district courts.
        The Branch handles all litigation involving the rights, liabilities,
    and administrative functions of the Government with respect to patent,
    copyright, and trademark matters. This includes:
        --defense of patent infringement suits based on the liability of the
    United States for infringements in connection with the performance of
    Government contracts;
        --legal proceedings to establish Government priority of invention;
        --suits for specific performance to require transfer of rights and
    title and payment of royalties;
        --suits to cancel patents acquired by fraud upon the Patent Office;
        --defense of administrative acts of the Register of Copyrights; and
        --actions on behalf of the Government involving the use of
    trademarks.
        The Branch is also responsible for the supervision of litigation in
    foreign courts involving the United States as a party and suits against
    U.S. employees stationed abroad who are being sued in the course of
    their Government service. Additionally, the Branch renders international
    judicial assistance to foreign and international tribunals.
    Federal Programs  The Federal Programs Branch defends the programs,
    policies, and decisions of virtually all Federal departments and
    agencies, the President, Cabinet officers, Members of Congress, and
    other Government officials. It defends against constitutional challenges
    to statutes, suits to overturn Government policies and programs, and
    challenges to the legality of Government decisions. These suits
    typically seek injunctive and declaratory relief and range from
    objections to the way that the Government deals with its employees to
    allegations that the President has violated the Constitution or Federal
    law. The Branch also initiates suits to enforce regulatory statutes and
    to remedy or prevent statutory or regulatory violations.
        The areas of litigation include:
        --defense of suits against the heads of Federal departments and
    agencies and other government officials to enjoin official actions, as
    well as suits for judicial review of administrative decisions, orders,
    and regulations;
        --defense and prosecution of suits involving national security,
    including suits to protect sensitive intelligence sources and materials;
        --prosecution of suits to prevent interference with Government
    operations;
        --litigation concerning the constitutionality of Federal laws;
        --defense of suits raising employment discrimination claims and
    Government personnel issues; and
        --defense of suits involving specialized statutes, such as the
    Freedom of Information Act, the Federal Advisory Committee Act, and the
    Privacy Act.
    Appellate Staff  The Appellate Staff has primary responsibility for the
    litigation of Civil Division cases in the appellate courts. The Staff
    prepares Government briefs and presents oral argument for the cases.
    Additionally, the Appellate Staff

    [[Page 338]]

    participates in drafting all documents filed for these cases in the
    United States Supreme Court, including briefs on the merits, petitions
    for certiorari, and jurisdictional statements.
    Consumer Litigation  The Office of Consumer Litigation is responsible
    for civil and criminal litigation and related matters arising under
    various consumer protection and public health statutes, including the
    Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act,
    the Consumer Product Safety Act, the Hazardous Substances Act, and the
    Truth in Lending Act. The Office also serves as a liaison with other
    Federal agencies and with local enforcement agencies for the referral of
    consumer complaints outside the jurisdiction of the Department of
    Justice.
    Immigration Litigation  The Office of Immigration Litigation is
    responsible for conducting civil litigation under the Immigration and
    Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101) and related laws and for representing
    the United States in civil litigation brought against employees of the
    Immigration and Naturalization Service. In addition, this Office handles
    district court litigation, removal order review proceedings, habeas
    corpus review and general advice, and immigration-related appellate
    matters. The Office is also responsible for cases pertaining to the
    issuance of visas and passports, and for litigation arising under the
    amnesty and employer sanctions provisions of the Immigration Reform and
    Control Act of 1986 (8 U.S.C. 1255a, 1324a), the criminal and terrorist
    alien reforms of 1990 and 1996, and the immigration enforcement reforms
    of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of
    1996.
    Management Programs  The Office of Management Programs provides
    management and administrative services to the Division, including policy
    analysis and planning, administrative management, budget formulation and
    execution, management information systems, office automation, and
    automated litigation support.

    For further information, contact the Office of the Assistant Attorney
    General, Civil Division, Department of Justice, Tenth Street and
    Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-514-3301.

    Civil Rights Division

    The Civil Rights Division, headed by an Assistant Attorney General, was
    established in 1957 to secure effective Federal enforcement of civil
    rights. The Division is the primary institution within the Federal
    Government responsible for enforcing Federal statutes prohibiting
    discrimination on the basis of race, sex, disability, religion, and
    national origin. The Division is composed of the following Sections:
    Appellate Section  The Appellate Section handles civil rights cases in
    the courts of appeals and, in cooperation with the Solicitor General, in
    the Supreme Court. The Section frequently participates in amicus curiae
    cases that affect the Division, and provides counsel to the Department
    on civil rights and appellate litigation. It handles all appeals from
    both favorable and adverse judgments in which the Government
    participates.
    Coordination and Review Section  This Section coordinates the
    enforcement by Federal agencies of various civil rights statutes that
    prohibit discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin,
    sex, and religion in programs and activities that receive Federal
    financial assistance. The Section also conducts compliance reviews and
    investigates complaints of discrimination on the basis of race, color,
    national origin, sex, age, and religion in the services and activities
    of recipients of Federal financial assistance from the Department of
    Justice. The Section is taking the lead role in implementing the
    President's initiative, announced in June 1997, to reinvigorate the
    enforcement of title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C.
    1681 et seq.).
    Criminal Section  Under the Federal criminal civil rights statutes, the
    Criminal Section prosecutes conduct involving conspiracies to interfere
    with federally

    [[Page 339]]

    protected rights, deprivation of rights under color of law, the use of
    force or threat of force to injure or intimidate someone in their
    enjoyment of specific rights (such as voting, housing, employment,
    education, public facilities, and accommodations), interference with the
    free exercise of religious beliefs or damage to religious property, and
    the holding of a worker in a condition of slavery or involuntary
    servitude. More recently, the Section began enforcing the criminal
    aspects of the new Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act (FACE).
    This statute prohibits conduct intended to injure, intimidate, or
    interfere with persons seeking to obtain or provide reproductive
    services. Also, a task force staffed by attorneys from both the Criminal
    and Civil Rights Divisions was created by the Attorney General to
    determine if there is any organized criminal effort to commit violence
    upon abortion providers. The National Church Arson Task Force created in
    June 1996 is a joint effort of Federal, State, and local law enforcement
    in investigating incidents of arson at houses of worship and
    apprehending and prosecuting those responsible.
    Disability Rights Section  This Section (previously the Public Access
    Section) enforces titles I, II, and III of the Americans with
    Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) and Department of Justice regulations
    implementing these provisions, provides technical assistance to entities
    covered by the ADA and to persons protected by the ADA, and coordinates
    the technical assistance efforts of all Federal agencies with technical
    assistance responsibilities under the ADA. The Section also certifies
    that State or local building codes meet or exceed the requirements of
    the ADA. In addition, the Section is responsible for carrying out the
    Department's responsibilities under section 504 of the Rehabilitation
    Act of 1973. For the ADA Information Line, phone 800-514-0301 (voice) or
    800-514-0383 (TDD). ADA information is also available through the
    Internet, at http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/ada/adahom1.htm/.
    Educational Opportunities Section  The Educational Opportunities Section
    enforces title IV of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal
    Educational Opportunities Act of 1974. In addition, it represents the
    Department of Education in certain suits filed against and on behalf of
    the Secretary of Education. The Section closely monitors approximately
    400 school districts operating under desegregation court orders.
    Employment Litigation Section  The Employment Litigation Section
    enforces the provisions of title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as
    amended, and other Federal laws prohibiting employment practices that
    discriminate on the grounds of race, sex, religion, and national origin,
    as they apply to State and local government employers.
    Housing and Civil Enforcement Section  The Housing and Civil Enforcement
    Section has principal responsibility for enforcing the Fair Housing Act
    of 1968, as amended, which prohibits discrimination in housing on the
    basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, and
    familial status. The act allows the Section to bring cases on behalf of
    individuals where a complaint is filed with the Department of Housing
    and Urban Development (HUD). Additionally, the Section enforces the
    Equal Credit Opportunity Act, which prohibits discrimination in credit
    transactions; and title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which
    prohibits discrimination in places of public accommodations, such as
    hotels, restaurants, and places of entertainment.
    Office of Special Counsel for Immigration Related Unfair Employment
    Practices  The Office of Special Counsel for Immigration Related Unfair
    Employment Practices was established pursuant to section 102 of the
    Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (8 U.S.C. 1324b). The Special
    Counsel is responsible for investigating and prosecuting charges of
    national origin and citizenship status discrimination in hiring, firing,
    or recruitment. Jurisdiction over national origin charges is limited to
    those not covered by the Equal Employment

    [[Page 340]]

    Opportunity Commission. Jurisdiction over citizenship status is
    exclusive.
        The Special Counsel files complaints before an administrative law
    judge based on charges filed with this Office or on its own independent
    investigations. Appeals of administrative decisions are to the U.S.
    Courts of Appeals.
        In addition, the Special Counsel coordinates with the Immigration
    and Naturalization Service, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,
    and other Federal agencies in promoting public awareness of the
    antidiscrimination provisions of the act, through employer and public
    interest conferences, public service announcements, and nationwide
    distribution of enforcement information.
    Special Litigation Section  The Special Litigation Section is
    responsible for protecting the constitutional and statutory rights of
    persons confined in certain institutions owned or operated by State or
    local governments, including facilities for individuals with mental and
    developmental disabilities, nursing homes, prisons, jails, and juvenile
    detention facilities where a pattern or practice of violations exist.
    This authority is granted by the Civil Rights of Institutionalized
    Persons Act. The Section is also responsible for civil enforcement
    provisions of the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act (FACE) which
    prohibits force or the threat of force for the purpose of interfering
    with the provision of reproductive services; and the police misconduct
    provision of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994,
    which gives the Attorney General authority to remedy patterns and
    practices of misconduct by certain law enforcement authorities.
    Voting Section  The Voting Section is responsible for the enforcement of
    the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Voting Accessibility for the Elderly
    and Handicapped Act, the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting
    Act, the National Voter Registration Act of 1993, and other statutory
    provisions designed to safeguard the right to vote of racial and
    language minorities, illiterate persons, individuals with disabilities,
    overseas citizens, persons who change their residence shortly before a
    Presidential election, and persons 18 to 20 years of age.
        Under section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, the Section brings
    lawsuits to remedy discriminatory election practices. Under section 5 of
    the Voting Rights Act, the Section reviews voting changes submitted to
    the Attorney General and defends section 5 litigation in court to assure
    that redistricting plans and other changes in voting practices and
    procedures do not abridge the right to vote of racial or language
    minorities. Under section 8 of the Voting Rights Act, the Attorney
    General requests the assignment of Federal observers--who generally are
    employees of the Office of Personnel Management--to monitor polling
    place activities on election day to document and deter discriminatory
    practices.
    Administrative Management Section  This Section supports the Division by
    providing a diverse array of management and technical services,
    including personnel administration, budget formulation and execution,
    facilities services, mail and file operations, litigation support,
    office automation, databases, and geographic information system support.
    This Section also contains the Freedom of Information/Privacy Act
    Branch, which ensures that the Division complies with all aspects of the
    Freedom of Information and Privacy Acts.
        Another component of the Administrative Management Section is the
    Office of Redress Administration (ORA), which implements the
    responsibilities given to the Attorney General under section 105 of the
    Civil Liberties Act of 1988. The Act provides for redress to American
    citizens and permanent resident aliens of Japanese ancestry who were
    evacuated, relocated, and interned by the United States during World War
    II. ORA's functions will end August 10, 1998. For further information

    [[Page 341]]

    about ORA, phone 888-219-6900 (toll-free).

    For further information, contact the Executive Officer, Civil Rights
    Division, Department of Justice, P.O. Box 65310, Washington, DC 20035-
    5310. Phone, 202-514-4224. Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/crt.

    Criminal Division

    The Criminal Division develops, enforces, and supervises the application
    of all Federal criminal laws, except those specifically assigned to
    other divisions. The Division and the 93 U.S. attorneys are responsible
    for overseeing criminal matters under more than 900 statutes, as well as
    certain civil litigation. In addition to its direct litigation
    responsibilities, the Division formulates and implements criminal
    enforcement policy and provides advice and assistance. The Division
    approves or monitors sensitive areas of law enforcement such as
    participation in the Witness Security Program and the use of electronic
    surveillance; advises the Attorney General, Congress, the Office of
    Management and Budget, and the White House of matters of criminal law;
    provides legal advice and assistance to Federal prosecutors and
    investigative agencies; and provides leadership for coordinating
    international as well as Federal, State, and local law enforcement
    matters.
    Office of Administration  The Office of Administration performs a wide
    range of administrative and managerial functions for the components of
    the Criminal Division, including budget preparation and execution,
    personnel actions, computer support services, mail and records services,
    procurement, and security.
    Appellate Section  The Appellate Section prepares draft briefs and
    certiorari petitions for the Solicitor General to be filed in the U.S.
    Supreme Court; makes recommendations to the Solicitor General as to
    whether further review on adverse decisions in the district courts and
    courts of appeals is necessary; and prepares briefs and argues cases in
    the courts of appeals.
        The Section assists U.S. attorneys and Division prosecutors in
    preparing briefs for the courts of appeals and provides advice on Speedy
    Trial Act [of 1974] problems and a variety of other legal issues.
    Asset Forfeiture/Money Laundering Section  The Section provides
    centralized management for the Department's asset forfeiture program to
    ensure its integrity and maximize its law enforcement potential, while
    also providing managerial direction to the Department's components
    concerned with money laundering. The Section initiates, coordinates, and
    reviews legislative and policy proposals impacting on the asset
    forfeiture program and money laundering enforcement and serves as the
    Department's contact for Congress, other executive branch agencies, and
    State and local law enforcement agencies.
        The Section works with the entire spectrum of law enforcement and
    regulatory agencies using an interagency, interdisciplinary, and
    international approach. The Section is mandated to coordinate
    multidistrict investigations and prosecutions; develop regulatory and
    legislative initiatives; ensure the uniform application of forfeiture
    and money laundering statutes; litigate complex, sensitive, and
    multidistrict cases; and provide litigation assistance to the U.S.
    attorneys' offices and Criminal Division components.
        The Section oversees asset forfeiture and money laundering training
    and conducts seminars for Federal prosecutors, investigating agents, and
    law enforcement personnel. It also produces legal publications and
    training materials to enhance its legal support functions.
        The Section also adjudicates all petitions for remission or
    mitigation of forfeited assets in judicial forfeiture cases, administers
    the Weed and Seed Program and the Equitable Sharing Program, and
    oversees the approval of the placement of forfeited property into
    official use by Federal agencies.
    Child Exploitation and Obscenity  The Child Exploitation and Obscenity
    Section (CEOS) is responsible for overseeing the Federal response to
    child sexual abuse and exploitation. In carrying out these

    [[Page 342]]

    duties, CEOS attorneys work with U.S. attorneys' offices and participate
    in the prosecution of violations of Federal law involving child sexual
    exploitation, child sexual abuse on Federal lands (Indian country, U.S.
    military installations, and U.S. parks, prisons, and buildings), child
    pornography, activities under the Mann Act, and interstate and foreign
    commerce and mailing of obscene materials. CEOS attorneys also work with
    Federal law enforcement officers to identify major offenders of the
    applicable statutes and coordinate national investigative efforts. In
    addition to the case litigation by Section attorneys, CEOS provides
    training to assistant U.S. attorneys and Federal law enforcement agents
    as well as substantial assistance to U.S. attorneys' offices in the
    prosecution and appeals of such cases.
        Since CEOS's formation in 1987, it has directed a substantial amount
    of its resources to the prosecution of child pornography. Working with
    the U.S. Postal Inspection Service and U.S. Customs Service, CEOS has
    coordinated and helped with several successful undercover efforts to
    identify and prosecute child pornography users. Programs have also
    targeted the illegal importation, distribution, sale, and possession of
    child pornography by computer.
        CEOS participates in the development of legislative proposals and
    policy to address issues such as child pornography and child molestation
    through computers; child prostitution; technical corrections to existing
    Federal laws on child pornography and sexual abuse; and changes to
    sentencing guidelines for these crimes.
        Further, CEOS is responsible for protection of the rights of
    children under the child victim-witness provisions of the Federal
    criminal code and under the Child Support Recovery Act. It has also been
    designated as the legal advisor to the Morgan P. Hardiman Missing and
    Exploited Children Task Force.
    Fraud  The Fraud Section, the largest component of the Criminal
    Division, directs and coordinates the Federal effort against fraud and
    white-collar crime, focusing primarily on complex frauds that involve:
    multidistrict and international activities; financial institutions; the
    insurance industry; Government programs and procurement procedures,
    including health care providers, defense procurement fraud, and Housing
    and Urban Development fraud; the securities and commodities exchanges;
    and multidistrict schemes that involve consumer victimization, such as
    telemarketing. The Section conducts investigations and prosecutes on its
    own about 100 fraud cases of national significance or great complexity
    annually. It also assists U.S. attorneys with cases, where requested.
    The Section maintains a regional Bank Fraud Task Force field office in
    Boston, MA. The Section also trains Federal agents and prosecutors
    through its conferences and participation in other Federal conferences.
    Computer Crime and Intellectual Property  The Computer Crime and
    Intellectual Property Section (CCIP) is responsible for implementing the
    Department's Computer Crime Initiative, a comprehensive program designed
    to address the growing global computer crime problem and ensure the
    appropriate protection of intellectual property rights (copyrights,
    trademarks, and trade secrets). Section attorneys are actively working
    with other Government agencies, the private sector (including hardware
    and software vendors and telecommunications companies), academic
    institutions, and foreign officials to develop a global response to
    cyber attacks and protect intellectual property. These attorneys
    litigate cases, provide litigation support to other prosecutors, train
    Federal law enforcement personnel, comment upon and propose legislation,
    and coordinate international efforts to combat computer crime and thefts
    of intellectual property. They also provide assistance in resolving the
    unique issues raised by emerging computer and telecommunications
    technologies.
    Internal Security  The Internal Security Section supervises the
    investigation and prosecution of cases affecting national security,
    foreign relations, and the export

    [[Page 343]]

    of military and strategic commodities and technology. The Section has
    exclusive responsibility for authorizing the prosecution of cases under
    criminal statutes relating to espionage, sabotage, neutrality, and
    atomic energy. It provides legal advice to U.S. attorneys' offices and
    investigative agencies on all matters within its area of responsibility,
    which includes 88 Federal statutes affecting national security. It also
    coordinates criminal cases involving the application of the Classified
    Information Procedures Act. The Section also administers and enforces
    the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 and related disclosure
    statutes.
    Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs  The Narcotic and Dangerous Drug Section
    (NDDS) has supervisory jurisdiction of those statutes pertaining to
    controlled substances. Section attorneys participate in the development
    and implementation of domestic and international narcotics law
    enforcement programs and policies, and provide direct litigation support
    to the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (OCDETF) and High
    Intensity Drug Trafficking Area (HIDTA) programs, to the Southwest
    Border and other multi-agency initiatives, and to U.S. attorneys in
    recusal matters or in cases where the Section's expertise is requested.
    NDDS attorneys represent the Department in developing and administering
    other cooperative drug enforcement strategies, initiatives, and projects
    conducted by the law enforcement and intelligence communities.
        The Section Chief serves as the Department's designated
    representative on several senior level committees of the intelligence
    and law enforcement communities that plan and coordinate joint
    international counternarcotics initiatives. Additionally, the Chief acts
    as the designated representative of the Federal Government in the
    implementation of the joint U.S.-Colombia evidence sharing initiative,
    intended to facilitate the successful investigation and prosecution of
    major Colombian narcotics traffickers in Colombia.
        The Section plays a central coordinating role in a number of multi-
    district, multi-agency initiatives and prosecutions, including the
    Southwest Border Initiative (SWBI), the Department's priority narcotics
    enforcement program targeting major Mexican trafficking organizations.
    The Litigation Unit provides direct trial and appellate litigation
    support to U.S. attorneys nationwide, with emphasis on prosecutions that
    support the OCDETF, HIDTA, and SWBI programs. These attorneys also
    litigate appeals arising from cases prosecuted by NDDS attorneys and
    denials or revocations of controlled substance registrations by the Drug
    Enforcement Administrator.
    Enforcement Operations  The Office of Enforcement Operations oversees
    the use of the most sophisticated investigative tools at the
    Department's disposal. It reviews all Federal electronic surveillance
    requests and requests to apply for court orders permitting the use of
    video surveillance; provides legal advice to Federal, State, and local
    law enforcement agencies on the use of Federal electronic surveillance
    statutes; and assists in developing Department policy on emerging
    technologies and telecommunications issues. It authorizes or denies the
    entry of all applicants into the Federal Witness Security Program (WSP),
    coordinates and administers matters relating to all aspects of the WSP
    among all program components, and approves or denies requests by Federal
    agencies to utilize Federal prisoners for investigative purposes. The
    Office approves or reviews matters such as witness immunity requests,
    transfer of prisoners to and from foreign countries to serve the
    remainder of their prison sentences, attorney and press subpoenas,
    applications for S-visa status, and disclosure of grand jury
    information. It provides legal advice and assistance in a wide variety
    of matters, such as crimes affecting government operations, mental
    competency and insanity, interstate property crimes, and crimes in
    Indian country. The Office processes all requests for Criminal Division
    records made pursuant to the Freedom of

    [[Page 344]]

    Information Act and the Privacy Act, and assists U.S. attorneys' offices
    in advocating the Division's position in civil litigation filed under
    these statutes. It registers entities as required by the Gambling
    Devices Act of 1962.
    International Affairs  The Office of International Affairs supports the
    Department's legal divisions, the U.S. attorneys, and State and local
    prosecutors regarding questions of foreign and international law,
    including issues related to extradition and mutual legal assistance
    treaties. The Office also coordinates all international evidence
    gathering. In conjunction with the State Department, the Office engages
    in the negotiation of new extradition and mutual legal assistance
    treaties and executive agreements throughout the world. Office attorneys
    also participate on a number of committees established under the
    auspices of the United Nations and other international organizations
    that are directed at resolving a variety of international law
    enforcement problems, such as narcotics trafficking and money
    laundering. The Office maintains a permanent field office in Rome.
    Policy and Legislation  The legislative component of the Office of
    Policy and Legislation (OPL) develops legislative proposals, legal
    memoranda, and congressional testimony. It also prepares comments on
    pending legislation affecting the Federal criminal justice system, works
    closely with the U.S. Sentencing Commission on a variety of sentencing-
    related issues, and provides legal support to the Advisory Committee on
    Criminal Rules and Evidence of the Judicial Conference regarding the
    Federal rules of criminal procedure and the Federal rules of evidence.
        The policy component of OPL analyzes policy and management issues
    related to criminal law enforcement and the criminal justice system. It
    identifies problems and emerging trends; develops options and
    recommendations; and provides research, technical, and management
    support to the Assistant Attorney General and other Division and
    Department policy makers. The policy staff also analyzes crime data,
    Federal caseload statistics, and other criminal justice system
    information for various decisionmakers within the Department.
    Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development, Assistance, and Training
    The mission of the Office of Overseas Prosecutorial Development,
    Assistance, and Training (OPDAT) is to assist prosecutors and judicial
    personnel in other countries to develop and sustain democratic criminal
    justice institutions. To further the Department's interest in fostering
    the fair and efficient administration of justice abroad, OPDAT promotes
    the rule of law and regard for human rights; assists nations, especially
    emerging democracies, to build and maintain viable criminal justice
    institutions; and focuses on transnational criminal matters. Currently,
    OPDAT provides long-term rule-of-law assistance, using resident legal
    advisers, in Colombia, Haiti, Latvia, Poland, and Russia. OPDAT also
    serves as the Justice Department's liaison between various private and
    public agencies that sponsor visits to the United States by foreign
    officials and other visitors who study aspects of the U.S. legal system.
    This opportunity for comparative law dialog with foreign experts aids
    the Department in its efforts to promote mutual legal assistance.
    Organized Crime and Racketeering  The Organized Crime and Racketeering
    Section coordinated the Department's program to combat organized crime.
    The principal enforcement efforts are currently directed against
    traditional groups, such as La Cosa Nostra families, and emerging groups
    from Asia and Europe, such as Chinese Triads, the Sicilian Mafia, and
    Russian organized crime. The Section supervises the investigation and
    prosecution of these cases by Strike Force Units within U.S. attorneys'
    offices in 21 Federal districts having a significant organized crime
    presence. These cases involve a broad spectrum of criminal statutes,
    including extortion, murder, bribery, fraud, narcotics, and labor
    racketeering.
        The Section is involved in setting national priorities for the
    organized crime program by coordinating with

    [[Page 345]]

    investigative agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the
    Drug Enforcement Administration, and others; and by working with the
    Attorney General's Organized Crime Council, which is ultimately
    responsible for the Federal Government's policy in this area.
        In addition to its close supervision of all Federal organized crime
    cases, the Section maintains close control over all Government uses of
    the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) statute, and
    provides extensive advice to prosecutors about the use of this powerful
    tool for cases involving patterns of serious criminal conduct.
        In a more specialized context, the Section provides support for
    criminal prosecutions involving labor-management disputes, the internal
    affairs of labor unions in the private sector, and the operation of
    employee pension and welfare benefit plans. The Section maintains a
    cadre of experienced prosecutors in its Litigation Unit who travel as
    needed to prosecute or assist in the prosecution of organized crime
    cases in the various U.S. attorneys' offices, particularly in multi-
    defendant RICO cases, especially in the field of labor racketeering.
    Public Integrity  The Public Integrity Section oversees the Federal
    effort to combat corruption through the prosecution of elected and
    appointed public officials at all levels of Government. The Section has
    exclusive jurisdiction over allegations of criminal misconduct by
    Federal judges, and also monitors the investigation and prosecution of
    election and conflict of interest crimes. Section attorneys prosecute
    selected cases against Federal, State, and local officials, and are
    available as a source of advice and expertise to other prosecutors and
    to investigators. Since 1978, the Section has supervised the
    administration of the Independent Counsel provisions of the Ethics in
    Government Act.
    Terrorism and Violent Crime  The Terrorism and Violent Crime Section is
    responsible for the design, implementation, and support of law
    enforcement efforts, legislative initiatives, policies, and strategies
    relating to international and domestic terrorism. This includes the
    investigation and prosecution of acts of terrorism occurring anywhere in
    the world which impact significant U.S. interests. The Section
    coordinates the systematic collection and analysis of data related to
    the investigation and prosecution of domestic terrorism cases, thereby
    facilitating prevention of terrorist activity through early detection.
    The Section coordinates interagency efforts to designate international
    terrorist organizations and their agents and to investigate and
    prosecute support of such organizations. The Section also oversees the
    prosecution of domestic violent crime offenses for which Federal
    jurisdiction exists, as well as the prosecution of firearms and
    explosives violations. In appropriate instances, Section attorneys
    assume direct responsibility for the prosecution of violent crime cases.
    The Section assists in the implementation of an initiative designed to
    deter criminals from possessing firearms by using Federal firearms laws
    which generally provide longer, and often mandatory, sentences for gun
    offenses. Additionally, the Section administers the national anti-
    violent-crime strategy, which focuses particular attention on the
    investigation and prosecution of gang-related crimes. Section attorneys
    provide legal advice to Federal prosecutors concerning Federal statutes
    relating to murder, assault, kidnapping, threats, robbery, weapons and
    explosives control, malicious destruction of property, and aircraft and
    sea piracy. The Section also formulates legislative initiatives and
    Department policies relating to terrorism and violent crime, and
    coordinates such initiatives and strategies with other Government
    agencies.
    Executive Office for the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force
    The Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (OCDETF) is a Federal
    drug enforcement program that focuses attention and resources on the
    disruption and dismantling of major drug trafficking organizations. The
    Task Force provides a framework for Federal, State, and local

    [[Page 346]]

    law enforcement agencies to work together to target well-established and
    complex organizations that direct, finance, or engage in illegal
    narcotics trafficking and related crimes, including money laundering and
    tax violations, public corruption, illegal immigration, weapons
    violations, and violent crimes. The program has been in existence since
    1982 and operates under the guidance and oversight of the Attorney
    General. Utilizing the resources and expertise of its 11 member Federal
    agencies, along with support from its State and local law enforcement
    partners, OCDETF has contributed to the successful prosecution and
    conviction of more than 44,000 members of criminal organizations and
    resulted in the seizure of cash and property assets totaling more than
    $3 billion.
        The Executive Office for OCDETF supports the work of over 2,500
    Federal agents and prosecutors and approximately 6,000 State and local
    law enforcement officers who participate in OCDETF cases. The Executive
    Office, in conjunction with a council of Washington agency
    representatives, provides policy guidance and coordination,
    administrative management and support, collection and reporting of
    statistical information, and budgetary planning, coordination, and
    disbursement.
    International Criminal Investigative Training Assistance Program
    Activities of the International Criminal Investigative Training
    Assistance Program (ICITAP) encompass two principal types of assistance
    projects: the development of police forces and the reform of existing
    police forces in the context of international peacekeeping operations,
    and the enhancement of capabilities of existing police forces in
    emerging democracies. Assistance is based on internationally recognized
    principles of human rights, the rule of law, and modern police
    practices.
        ICITAP programs are instituted at the request of the National
    Security Council and the Department of State in agreement with
    governments which have requested assistance. The programs' goals and
    objectives are determined by U.S. interests in promoting democracy and
    respect for human rights. Project activities are determined by
    administration priorities, an ever-changing world situation, and
    budgeting limitations. ICITAP is unique among Federal law enforcement
    assistance programs in that its budget is totally based on project-
    specific funding provided to the Justice Department by the State
    Department and the Agency for International Development.

    For further information, contact the Office of the Assistant Attorney
    General, Criminal Division, Department of Justice, Tenth Street and
    Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-514-2601.

    Environment and Natural Resources Division

    The Environment and Natural Resources Division, formerly known as the
    Land and Natural Resources Division, is the Nation's environmental
    lawyer. It is responsible for litigating cases ranging from protection
    of endangered species, to global climate change, to cleaning up the
    Nation's hazardous waste sites. A key Division responsibility is
    enforcing civil and criminal environmental laws in order to protect its
    citizens' health and environment. The Division defends environmental
    challenges to Government activities and programs and ensures that
    environmental laws are implemented in a fair and consistent manner
    nationwide. It also represents the United States in all matters
    concerning the protection, use, and development of the Nation's natural
    resources and public lands, wildlife protection, Indian rights and
    claims, and the acquisition of Federal property. To carry out this broad
    mission, the Division is organized into nine sections described below.
    Environmental Crimes  The Environmental Crimes Section prosecutes
    individuals and corporate entities which have violated laws designed to
    protect the environment. The Section works closely with the Federal
    Bureau of Investigation and criminal investigators from the
    Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to enforce statutes such as the
    Clean Air Act, the Comprehensive

    [[Page 347]]

    Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (Superfund), and
    the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, among others.
    Environmental Enforcement  The Environmental Enforcement Section is
    responsible for most of the affirmative civil litigation brought on
    behalf of EPA; claims for damages to our natural resources filed on
    behalf of the Departments of Interior, Commerce, and Agriculture; claims
    for contribution against private parties for contamination of public
    land; and recoupment of money spent to clean up certain oil spills on
    behalf of the United States Coast Guard. The Section supports the
    regulatory programs of its client agencies through litigation to obtain
    compliance with environmental statutes, establishes a credible deterrent
    against violation of those laws, recoups Federal funds spent to abate
    environmental contamination, and obtains funds to restore or replace
    natural resources damaged through oil spills or the release of hazardous
    substances into the environment. The primary statutes within the
    Section's scope of responsibility are: the Comprehensive Environmental
    Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (Superfund); the Clean Air
    Act; the Clean Water Act; the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act;
    the Safe Drinking Water Act; and the Oil Pollution Act of 1990.
    Environmental Defense  The Environmental Defense Section represents the
    United States, principally EPA, in suits challenging the Government's
    administration of Federal environmental laws. The lawsuits, which arise
    in Federal district and appellate courts, include claims by industries
    that regulations are too strict, claims by environmental groups that
    Federal standards are too lax, and claims by States and citizens
    alleging that Federal agencies are out of compliance with environmental
    standards. The Section also handles both defensive and enforcement
    litigation involving the wetlands program under section 404 of the Clean
    Water Act. This requires persons wishing to fill or discharge waste into
    wetlands to first obtain a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
    If this requirement is not met, the Section files a civil action seeking
    civil penalties and injunctive relief against the violator.
    Wildlife and Marine Resources  The Wildlife and Marine Resources Section
    tries both civil and criminal cases under Federal wildlife laws and
    other laws protecting marine fish and mammals. Prosecutions focus on
    smugglers and black-market dealers in protected wildlife. Civil
    litigation, particularly under the Endangered Species Act, often sets
    the needs of protected species against the economic interests of both
    the Federal Government and private enterprise.
    General Litigation  The General Litigation Section is primarily
    responsible for litigation involving the use and protection of federally
    owned public lands and natural resources. Its varied docket comprises
    cases arising under more than 80 different land management and natural
    resource statutes including the National Environmental Policy Act, the
    Federal Land Policy Management Act, and the National Historic
    Preservation Act. Cases address such issues as water rights, land use
    plans, timber and mineral production, landowner compensation, and trust
    obligations to Indian tribes.
    Indian Resources  The Indian Resources Section represents the United
    States in its trust capacity for Indian tribes. These suits include
    establishing water rights, establishing and protecting hunting and
    fishing rights, collecting damages for trespass on Indian lands, and
    establishing reservation boundaries and rights to land.
    Land Acquisition  The Land Acquisition Section is responsible for
    acquiring land, either by direct purchase or through condemnation
    proceedings, for use by the Federal Government for purposes ranging from
    establishing public parks to creating missile sites. The Section
    attorneys seek to implement the protection of the fifth amendment in a
    way which is fair to both property owners and taxpayers. The legal and

    [[Page 348]]

    factual issues in such cases can include the power of the Federal
    Government to condemn property under specific acts of Congress;
    ascertainment of the fair market value of property sought by the Federal
    Government; applicability of local zoning regulations and problems
    related to subdivisions; capitalization of income; and the admissibility
    of evidence.
    Policy, Legislation, and Special Litigation  The Policy, Legislation,
    and Special Litigation Section advises and assists the Assistant
    Attorney General on policy issues including coordination of the
    Division's international and environmental justice activities. The
    Section directs the Division's legislative program, including testimony
    of Division managers before congressional committees, and representation
    of the Department in meetings with congressional staff and on
    interagency groups that develop the administration's position on
    legislation proposed or passed by Congress. The Section also litigates
    amicus cases, undertakes specially assigned litigation projects at the
    trial and appellate levels, serves as the Division's ethics office, and
    responds to citizen requests under the Freedom of Information Act.
    Appeals  The Appellate Section is responsible for handling all appeals
    in cases initially tried in lower courts by any of the sections within
    the Division. In addition, the Section drafts the briefs for all
    Division cases which reach the Supreme Court and formulates
    recommendations to the Solicitor General that seek authority to appeal
    unfavorable decisions.
    Executive Office  The Executive Office serves as administrator to the
    Division, providing financial management, personnel, planning,
    procurement, office automation, and automated litigation support
    services.

    For further information, contact the Office of the Assistant Attorney
    General, Environment and Natural Resources Division, Department of
    Justice, Tenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530.
    Phone, 202-514-2701.

    Tax Division

    The primary mission of the Tax Division is to enforce the Nation's tax
    laws in Federal and State courts and thereby generate revenue for the
    Federal Government. The Division conducts enforcement activities to
    deter specific taxpayers, as well as the taxpaying public at large, from
    conduct that deprives the Federal Government of its tax-related revenue.
        The Tax Division was established under Executive Order 6166 of June
    10, 1933, which called for the consolidated control of all tax
    litigation in the Department of Justice. In November 1933, the Attorney
    General issued Circular No. 2494 creating the Division and charging it
    with the duty of representing the Government in internal revenue cases.
        The Division represents the United States and its officers in all
    civil and criminal litigation arising under the internal revenue laws,
    other than proceedings in the United States Tax Court. While the
    Division's primary client is the Internal Revenue Service, it also
    represents Federal officials and employees in actions arising out of the
    performance of their official duties, as well as representing other
    Federal departments and agencies in their dealings with State and local
    tax authorities. In civil tax litigation the Division's responsibility
    involves cases in the United States District Courts, the United States
    Court of Federal Claims, the United States Courts of Appeals, and the U.
    S. Supreme Court, as well as cases in the State courts.
        The Division represents the United States in many different types of
    disputes, both civil and criminal, dealing with the interpretation of
    Federal tax laws. For example, when the Internal Revenue Service
    challenges a tax return and determines a deficiency, the taxpayer may
    pay the full amount of tax assessed and then bring a suit against the
    Government for refund. The Division defends the Government in these
    refund actions.
        Other areas of civil litigation in which the Division is involved on
    behalf of the Federal Government include:

    [[Page 349]]

        --suits brought by individuals to foreclose mortgages or to quiet
    title to property in which the United States is named as a party
    defendant because of the existence of a Federal tax lien on the
    property;
        --suits brought by the United States to collect unpaid assessments,
    to foreclose Federal tax liens or determine the priority of such liens,
    to obtain judgments against delinquent taxpayers, to enforce summonses,
    and to establish tax claims in bankruptcy, receivership, or probate
    proceedings;
        --proceedings involving mandamus, injunctions, and other specific
    writs arising in connection with internal revenue matters;
        --suits against Internal Revenue Service employees for damages
    claimed because of alleged injuries caused in the performance of their
    official duties;
        --suits against the Secretary of the Treasury, the Commissioner of
    Internal Revenue, or similar officials to test the validity of
    regulations or rulings not in the context of a specific refund action;
        --suits brought by the United States to enjoin the promotion of
    abusive tax shelters and to enjoin activities relating to aiding and
    abetting the understatement of tax liabilities of others;
        --suits brought by taxpayers for a judicial determination of the
    reasonableness of a jeopardy or termination assessment and the
    appropriateness of the amount;
        --proceedings brought against the Tax Division and the Internal
    Revenue Service for disclosure of information under the Freedom of
    Information Act; and
        --intergovernmental immunity suits in which the United States
    resists attempts to apply a State or local tax to some activity or
    property of the United States.
        The Division also collects judgments in tax cases. To this end, the
    Division directs collection efforts and coordinates with, monitors the
    efforts of, and provides assistance to the various United States
    attorneys' offices in collecting outstanding judgments in tax cases.
        With respect to criminal tax litigation, the Division prosecutes or
    supervises the prosecution of all criminal offenses committed under the
    internal revenue laws, including attempts to evade and defeat taxes,
    willful failures to file returns and to pay taxes, filing false returns
    and other deceptive documents, making false statements to revenue
    officials, and other miscellaneous offenses involving internal revenue
    matters. These duties include the institution of criminal proceedings
    and collaboration with U.S. attorneys in the conduct of litigation in
    the trial and appellate courts. Further, Division attorneys frequently
    conduct grand jury investigations and actual trials of criminal tax
    cases, often as a result of requests for assistance by the appropriate
    U.S. attorney. In its efforts to deter willful deception through
    prosecution of criminal offenders, the Division also plays a significant
    role in curbing organized crime, public corruption, narcotics
    trafficking, and financial institution fraud.
        The primary functions of the Division are to aid the Internal
    Revenue Service in collecting the Federal revenue and to establish
    principles of law that will serve as guidelines to taxpayers and their
    representatives, as well as to the Internal Revenue Service, in the
    administration of the Internal Revenue Code. As a result, coordination
    with the Internal Revenue Service's administrative policies and the
    Treasury Department's legislative tax concerns in developing litigating
    postures is essential.
        The Division also provides input into the preparation of reports to
    the Congress, the Office of Management and Budget, and the Office of
    Legislative Affairs on pending or proposed legislation and monitors
    congressional activities with respect to matters of interest to the
    Division.
        In accordance with the Attorney General's program to enhance the
    litigating skills of Department attorneys, the Division conducts
    training programs for its attorneys, with special emphasis

    [[Page 350]]

    on matters unique to tax litigation and the development of advocacy
    skills.

    For further information, contact the Office of the Assistant Attorney
    General, Tax Division, Department of Justice, Tenth Street and
    Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-514-2901.
    Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/tax/.

    Bureaus

    Federal Bureau of Investigation

    935 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20535. Phone, 202-324-3000

    The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the principal investigative
    arm of the United States Department of Justice. It is charged with
    gathering and reporting facts, locating witnesses, and compiling
    evidence in cases involving Federal jurisdiction.
        The Federal Bureau of Investigation was established in 1908 by the
    Attorney General, who directed that Department of Justice investigations
    be handled by its own staff. The Bureau is charged with investigating
    all violations of Federal law except those that have been assigned by
    legislative enactment or otherwise to another Federal agency. Its
    jurisdiction includes a wide range of responsibilities in the criminal,
    civil, and security fields. Priority has been assigned to the five areas
    that affect society the most: organized crime/drugs, counterterrorism,
    white-collar crime, foreign counterintelligence, and violent crime.
        On January 28, 1982, the Attorney General assigned concurrent
    jurisdiction for the enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act (21
    U.S.C. 801) to the Bureau and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).
    The DEA Administrator reports to the Attorney General through the FBI
    Director.
        The Bureau also offers cooperative services such as fingerprint
    identification, laboratory examination, police training, and the
    National Crime Information Center to duly authorized law enforcement
    agencies.
        The Bureau headquarters in Washington, DC, consists of nine separate
    divisions, a Deputy Director, an Office of the General Counsel, an
    Office of Public and Congressional Affairs, an Office of Equal
    Employment Opportunity Affairs, an Office of Professional
    Responsibility, and a Director's staff.
        The Bureau's investigations are conducted through 56 field offices.
    Most of its investigative personnel are trained at the FBI Academy in
    Quantico, VA.

    For further information, contact the Office of Public and Congressional
    Affairs, Federal Bureau of Investigation, J. Edgar Hoover F.B.I.
    Building, 935 Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20535. Phone, 202-
    324-2727.

    Bureau of Prisons

    320 First Street NW., Washington, DC 20534. Phone, 202-307-3198

    The mission of the Bureau of Prisons is to protect society by confining
    offenders in the controlled environments of prisons and community-based
    facilities that are safe, humane, and appropriately secure, and which
    provide work and other self-improvement opportunities to assist
    offenders in becoming law-abiding citizens.
        The Executive Office of the Director provides overall direction for
    agency operations. In addition to typical administrative functions
    performed by an agency head, the Offices of General Counsel, Program
    Review, and Internal Affairs are within the Office and report to the
    Director.
        The Administration Division develops plans, programs, and policies
    concerning the acquisition, construction, and staffing of new
    facilities, as well as budget development, financial management,
    procurement, and contracting.

    [[Page 351]]

        The Community Corrections and Detention Division is responsible for
    program development and contracts relating to community-based and
    detention programs, as well as privatization and citizen participation.
        The Correctional Programs Division is responsible for managing the
    correctional services (security) operations in Bureau institutions and
    case and unit management, as well as religious and psychological
    services, drug treatment programs, programs for special needs offenders,
    and inmate systems.
        Federal Prison Industries (trade name UNICOR) is a wholly owned
    Government corporation whose mission is to provide employment and
    training opportunities for inmates confined in Federal correctional
    facilities. UNICOR manufactures a wide range of items--from executive
    and systems furniture to electronics, textiles, and graphics/signage.
    Services performed by UNICOR's inmates include data entry, printing, and
    furniture refinishing. The corporation funds selected preindustrial,
    vocational, and experimental training programs.
        The Health Services Division has oversight responsibility for all
    medical and psychiatric programs; environmental and occupational health
    services; food and nutrition services; and farm operations.
        The Human Resource Management Division provides personnel, training,
    and labor management within the agency. Its functions also include pay
    and position management and recruitment.
        The Information, Policy, and Public Affairs Division encompasses the
    Bureau's Information Systems; Research and Evaluation; Security
    Technology; Office of Public Affairs; and Office of Policy and
    Information Resource Management.
        The National Institute of Corrections provides technical assistance,
    information services, and training for State and local corrections
    agencies throughout the country. It also provides technical assistance
    for selected foreign governments. The Institute's administrative
    offices, Prison Division, and Community Corrections Division are located
    in Washington, DC. Its Jails Division, Training Academy, and Information
    Center are located in Longmont, CO.
        The Bureau is subdivided into six geographic regions, each staffed
    with field-qualified personnel who are responsible for policy
    development and oversight, providing operational guidance to field
    locations, and providing support functions in areas such as auditing,
    technical assistance, budget, and personnel. Each regional office is
    headed by an experienced career Bureau manager who is a full member of
    the Bureau's executive staff.

    For further information, contact the Public Information Officer, Bureau
    of Prisons, Department of Justice, Washington, DC 20534. Phone, 202-307-
    3198.

    United States Marshals Service

    600 Army Navy Drive, Arlington, VA 22202-4210. Phone, 202-307-9000

    The United States Marshals Service is the Nation's oldest Federal law
    enforcement agency, having served as a vital link between the executive
    and judicial branches of the Government since 1789. Today, the
    Presidentially appointed marshals and their support staff of
    approximately 4,300 deputy marshals and administrative personnel operate
    from more than 400 office locations in all 94 Federal judicial districts
    nationwide, from Guam to Puerto Rico, and from Alaska to Florida.
        The Marshals Service performs tasks that are essential to the
    operation of virtually every aspect of the Federal justice system. The
    Service is responsible for:
        --providing support and protection for the Federal courts, including
    security for 800 judicial facilities and nearly 2,000 judges and
    magistrates, as well as countless other trial participants such as
    jurors and attorneys;
        --apprehending the majority of all Federal fugitives;
        --operating the Federal Witness Security program, ensuring the
    safety of endangered government witnesses;

    [[Page 352]]

        --maintaining custody of and transporting thousands of Federal
    prisoners annually;
        --executing court orders and arrest warrants;
        --managing and selling seized property forfeited to the Government
    by drug traffickers and other criminals, and assisting the Justice
    Department's asset forfeiture program;
        --responding to emergency circumstances, including civil
    disturbances, terrorist incidents, and other crisis situations, through
    its Special Operations Group, and restoring order in riot and mob-
    violence situations; and
        --operating the U.S. Marshals Service Training Academy.
        The Director of the U.S. Marshals Service, who is appointed by the
    President, supervises the operations of the Service throughout the
    United States and its territories, assisted by the Deputy Director, nine
    Assistant Directors, and a General Counsel.

    For further information, contact the Office of Congressional and Public
    Affairs, U.S. Marshals Service, Department of Justice, Suite 1260, 600
    Army Navy Drive, Arlington, VA 22202. Phone, 202-307-9065. Internet,
    http://www.usdoj.gov/marshals/.

    United States National Central Bureau-International Criminal Police
    Organization

    Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-616-9000

    The U.S. National Central Bureau (USNCB) represents the United States in
    INTERPOL, the International Criminal Police Organization. Also known as
    INTERPOL--Washington, USNCB provides an essential communications link
    between the U.S. police community and their counterparts in the foreign
    member countries.
        INTERPOL is an association of 177 countries dedicated to promoting
    mutual assistance among law enforcement authorities in the prevention
    and suppression of international crime. With no police force of its own,
    INTERPOL has no powers of arrest or search and seizure. Instead,
    INTERPOL serves as a channel of communication among the police of the
    member countries, and provides a forum for discussions, working group
    meetings, and symposia to enable police to focus on specific areas of
    criminal activity affecting their countries.
        United States participation in INTERPOL began in 1938 by
    congressional authorization, designating the Attorney General as the
    official representative to the organization. INTERPOL operations were
    interrupted during World War II, but resumed in 1947.
        The Attorney General officially designated the Secretary of the
    Treasury as the U.S. representative to INTERPOL in 1958, and the U.S.
    National Central Bureau was established within the Treasury Department
    in 1969. In 1977, an arrangement was effected between Justice and
    Treasury officials establishing dual authority in administering USNCB.
    This Memorandum of Understanding designates the Attorney General as the
    permanent representative to INTERPOL and the Secretary of the Treasury
    as the alternate representative.
        The Bureau operates through cooperative efforts with Federal, State,
    and local law enforcement agencies. Programs and initiatives, such as
    the State Liaison Program and the Canadian Interface Project, broaden
    the scope of U.S. investigative resources to include the international
    community, thus forming an integral part of the United States efforts to
    confront the problem of international crime.
        Federal and State law enforcement agencies represented at the USNCB
    include the Federal Bureau of Investigation; U.S. Marshals Service; Drug
    Enforcement Administration; Immigration and Naturalization Service; U.S.
    Customs Service; U.S. Secret Service; Internal Revenue Service; Bureau
    of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms; Office of the Comptroller of the
    Currency; Office of the Inspector General, Department of Agriculture;
    U.S. Postal Inspection Service; Bureau of Diplomatic Security,
    Department of State; Federal Law Enforcement Training Center; Financial
    Crimes Enforcement

    [[Page 353]]

    Network; Environmental Protection Agency; and the Maryland State Police.
        Under the State Liaison Program, States establish an office within
    their own law enforcement community to serve as liaison to USNCB.
    International leads developed in criminal investigations being conducted
    by a State or local police entity can be pursued through their Liaison
    Office, and criminal investigative requests from abroad are funneled
    through the relevant State liaison office for action by the appropriate
    State or local agency. All 50 States now participate in the liaison
    program, which is currently coordinated by a representative from the
    Maryland State Police.
        USNCB has two sub-bureaus which serve to more effectively address
    the law enforcement needs of U.S. territories. The sub-bureaus are
    located in San Juan, Puerto Rico; and Pago Pago, American Samoa.

    For further information, contact the U.S. National Central Bureau-
    INTERPOL, Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-616-9000.

    Immigration and Naturalization Service

    425 I Street NW., Washington, DC 20536. Phone, 202-514-4316, 4330, or
    4354

    [For the Immigration and Naturalization Service statement of
    organization, see the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 8, Aliens and
    Nationality]

    The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) was created by act of
    March 3, 1891 (8 U.S.C. 1551 note), and its purpose and responsibilities
    were further specified by the Immigration and Nationality Act, as
    amended (8 U.S.C. 1101 note), which charges the Attorney General with
    the administration and enforcement of its provisions. The Attorney
    General has delegated authority to the Commissioner of the Immigration
    and Naturalization service to carry out these provisions of immigration
    law.
        Overall policy and executive direction flow from the Washington, DC,
    headquarters office through 3 regional offices to 33 district offices
    and 21 border patrol sectors throughout the United States. INS also
    maintains three district offices in Bangkok, Thailand; Mexico City,
    Mexico; and Rome, Italy.
        The Service carries out its mission through operational programs in
    adjudications and nationality, inspections, investigations, and
    detention and deportation, as well as the U.S. Border Patrol. These
    programs are divided into the following mission responsibilities:
        --facilitating entry of those legally admissible as visitors or
    immigrants to the United States;
        --granting benefits under the Immigration and Nationality Act, as
    amended, including providing assistance to those seeking asylum,
    temporary or permanent resident status, or naturalization;
        --preventing improper entry and the granting of benefits to those
    not legally entitled to them;
        --apprehending and removing those aliens who enter or remain
    illegally in the United States and/or whose stay is not in the public
    interest; and
        --Enforcing sanctions against those who act or conspire to subvert
    the requirements for selective and controlled entry, including sanctions
    against employers who knowingly hire aliens not authorized to work in
    the United States.
        The Service also has a firm commitment to strengthen criminal
    investigations and seek the most effective deterrents to illegal
    immigration.

    For further information, contact the Office of Information, Immigration
    and Naturalization Service, Department of Justice, 425 I Street NW.,
    Washington, DC 20536. Phone, 202-514-4316, 4330, or 4354.

    Drug Enforcement Administration

    600-700 Army Navy Drive, Arlington, VA 22202. Phone, 202-307-1000; FTS,
    367-1000

    The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is the lead Federal agency in
    enforcing narcotics and controlled substances laws and regulations. It
    was created in July 1973, by Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1973 (5 U.S.C.
    app.), which merged four separate drug law enforcement agencies.

    [[Page 354]]

        The Administration enforces the provisions of the controlled
    substances and chemical diversion and trafficking laws and regulations
    of the United States, and operates on a worldwide basis. It presents
    cases to the criminal and civil justice systems of the United States--or
    any other competent jurisdiction--on those significant organizations and
    their members involved in cultivation, production, smuggling,
    distribution, or diversion of controlled substances appearing in or
    destined for illegal traffic in the United States. DEA immobilizes these
    organizations by arresting their members, confiscating their drugs, and
    seizing their assets; and creates, manages, and supports enforcement-
    related programs--domestically and internationally--aimed at reducing
    the availability of and demand for controlled substances.
        The Administration's responsibilities include:
        --investigation of major narcotic violators who operate at
    interstate and international levels;
        --seizure and forfeiture of assets derived from, traceable to, or
    intended to be used for illicit drug trafficking;
        --enforcement of regulations governing the legal manufacture,
    distribution, and dispensing of controlled substances;
        --management of a national narcotics intelligence system;
        --coordination with Federal, State, and local law enforcement
    authorities and cooperation with counterpart agencies abroad; and
        --training, scientific research, and information exchange in support
    of drug traffic prevention and control.
        The Administration manages the El Paso Intelligence Center (EPIC), a
    24-hour tactical drug intelligence center, which utilizes DEA and
    Federal personnel from 13 other agencies.
        The Administration concentrates its efforts on high-level narcotics
    smuggling and distribution organizations in the United States and
    abroad, working closely with such agencies as the Customs Service, the
    Internal Revenue Service, and the Coast Guard. It also chairs the 11-
    agency National Narcotics Intelligence Consumers Committee, which
    develops an annual report on drug production, trafficking, and abuse
    trends.
        Approximately 400 Administration compliance investigators enforce
    regulation of the legal manufacture and distribution of prescription
    drugs. The agency also maintains an active training program for
    narcotics officers in other Federal, State, and local agencies--as well
    as foreign police.
        The Administration maintains liaison with the United Nations,
    INTERPOL, and other organizations on matters relating to international
    narcotics control programs. It has offices throughout the United States
    and in 50 foreign countries.

    For further information, contact the Public Affairs Section, Drug
    Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice, Washington, DC 20537.
    Phone, 202-307-7977.

    Office of Justice Programs

    633 Indiana Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20531. Phone, 202-307-0781

    The Office of Justice Programs (OJP) was established by the Justice
    Assistance Act of 1984 and reauthorized in 1994 to provide Federal
    leadership, coordination, and assistance needed to make the Nation's
    justice system more efficient and effective in preventing and
    controlling crime. OJP and its five program bureaus, the Bureau of
    Justice Assistance, Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Institute of
    Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and
    Office for Victims of Crime, are responsible for collecting statistical
    data and conducting analyses; identifying emerging criminal justice
    issues; developing and testing promising approaches to address these
    issues; evaluating program results, and disseminating these findings and
    other information to State and local governments.
        The Office is headed by an Assistant Attorney General who, by
    statute and delegation of authority from the Attorney General,
    establishes, guides, promotes, and coordinates policy; focuses efforts
    on the priorities established by the President and the Attorney General;
    and

    [[Page 355]]

    promotes coordination among the bureaus and offices within OJP.
        Through the programs developed and financed by its bureaus and
    offices, OJP works to form partnerships among Federal, State, and local
    government officials to control drug abuse and trafficking, rehabilitate
    crime-ridden neighborhoods, improve the administration of justice in
    America, meet the needs of crime victims, and find innovative ways to
    address problems such as gang violence, prison crowding, juvenile crime,
    and white-collar crime. The functions of each bureau or office are
    interrelated. For example, the statistics generated by the Bureau of
    Justice Statistics may drive the research that is conducted through the
    National Institute of Justice and the Office of Juvenile Justice and
    Delinquency Prevention. Research results may generate new programs that
    receive support from the Bureau of Justice Assistance and the Office of
    Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
        Although some research and technical assistance is provided directly
    by OJP's bureaus and offices, most of the work is accomplished through
    Federal financial assistance to scholars, practitioners, and State and
    local governments.
        Program bureaus and offices award formula grants to State agencies,
    which, in turn, subgrant funds to units of State and local government.
    Formula grant programs--drug control and system improvement, juvenile
    justice, victims compensation, and victims assistance--are administered
    by State agencies designated by each State's Governor. Discretionary
    grant programs usually are announced in the Federal Register, and
    applications are made directly to the sponsoring Office of Justice
    Programs bureau or office.
    Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA)  The Bureau is the primary funding
    source for grants to State and local law enforcement agencies. In
    addition to funding crime prevention and control projects, BJA provides
    training, technical assistance, evaluation, and comprehensive strategic
    planning to criminal justice practitioners. The Bureau's mission is to
    provide leadership and assistance in support of local criminal justice
    strategies to achieve safe communities. Its goals are to promote
    effective, innovative crime control and prevention strategies; to
    demonstrate and promote replication of effective crime control programs
    which support public/private partnerships, planning, and criminal
    justice system improvement; and to leverage and efficiently administer
    available resources.
        The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 3750) established the
    Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance
    Program. Under this authorization, Congress appropriates funds to BJA
    for awards to the States to implement violent crime control and illegal
    drug reduction strategies. Other BJA discretionary awards are made for
    innovative programs such as Tribal Strategies Against Violence, Firearms
    Trafficking, and a Comprehensive Homicide Initiative. Earmarked funds
    are used for special programs such as National Crime Prevention Council
    Campaigns (McGruff, The Crime Dog) and Drug Abuse Resistance Education.
    The Bureau also administers line-item appropriations for national
    programs such as the Regional Information Sharing System Program and the
    Public Safety Officers' Benefits Program.
        The Bureau expects, measures, and reports results in the following
    broad areas of award investment: comprehensive programs, crime
    prevention, law enforcement, adjudication, corrections/options,
    evaluation, systems improvement, and information dissemination.
    Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)  The Bureau is responsible for
    collecting, analyzing, publishing, and disseminating statistical
    information on crime, criminal offenders, victims of crime, and the
    operation of justice systems at all levels of government and
    internationally. The Bureau provides data which is critical to Federal,
    State, and local policymakers in combating crime and ensuring that
    justice is both efficient and evenhanded. The Bureau also assists State
    governments in developing capabilities in criminal justice statistics
    and

    [[Page 356]]

    improving the quality of criminal justice records and information
    systems.
        The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is the second largest
    ongoing household survey undertaken by the Federal Government, and is
    the only national forum for victims to systematically describe how crime
    affects them and the characteristics of those who committed the crime
    against them. During a collection year, a nationally representative
    sample of more than 100,000 persons residing in about 49,000 households
    is interviewed by representatives of the Bureau of the Census in order
    to obtain data on the impact, frequency, and consequences of criminal
    victimization in the United States.
        Other statistical series cover populations under correctional
    supervision, Federal criminal offenders and case processing, criminal
    justice expenditures and employment, felony convictions, pretrial
    release practices, characteristics of correctional populations,
    prosecutorial practices and policies, profile of civil cases, and the
    administration of law enforcement agencies and correctional facilities.
        The Bureau maintains more than two dozen major data collection
    series and publishes a wide variety of reports annually which receive
    nationwide distribution.
        The Bureau supports a statistical component in the National Criminal
    Justice Reference Service. The Bureau of Justice Statistics
    Clearinghouse provides reference services for people requesting
    information, maintains a mailing list, and distributes Bureau
    publications.
        The Bureau also manages the Drugs and Crime Clearinghouse, funded by
    the Office of National Drug Control Policy, which disseminates BJA,
    ONDCP, and other drug-related crime documents; serves as the sole
    repository with public access for the BJA State Drug Control Strategies
    and the individual U.S. attorneys' reports; produces national
    directories of State and local drug-related agencies, topical fact
    sheets, bibliographies, and other special reports; maintains a library
    and database; and responds to telephone, mail, and electronic requests
    for information.

    For further information, contact the Bureau of Justice Statistics.
    Phone, 800-732-3277 (toll-free). Internet, http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/
    bjs/.

    National Institute of Justice (NIJ)  The Institute sponsors research and
    development programs designed to improve and strengthen the criminal
    justice system and reduce or prevent crime. It also conducts national
    demonstration projects that employ innovative or promising approaches
    for improving criminal justice, and develops new technologies to fight
    crime and improve criminal justice.
        The Institute conducts evaluations to determine the effectiveness of
    criminal justice programs, particularly programs funded by the Bureau of
    Justice Assistance and Crime Act Program offices within the Office of
    Justice Programs and the Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS)
    Office, and identifies programs that promise to be successful if
    continued or replicated in other jurisdictions. For example, it has
    evaluated the effectiveness of innovative drug control programs,
    including community-oriented policing, community antidrug initiatives,
    Weed and Seed, multijurisdictional task forces, and drug testing
    programs.
        The Institute's evaluations of new approaches for holding offenders
    accountable for their crimes has provided invaluable information
    regarding such programs as drug courts, bootcamps, youth challenge
    camps, intensive community supervision, specialized probation, and
    prison work-release programs.
        In addition, NIJ works to fulfill the information needs of the
    criminal justice system by publishing and disseminating reports and
    other materials from its research, demonstration, evaluation, and other
    programs; provides training and technical assistance to justice
    officials on innovations developed through its programs; and serves as
    the national and international clearinghouse of justice

    [[Page 357]]

    information for Federal, State, and local governments.

    For further information, contact the National Criminal Justice Reference
    Service. Phone, 1-800-851-3420.

    Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention  The Office was
    created by the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974
    (42 U.S.C. 5601) in response to national concern about juvenile crime.
    It is the primary Federal agency for addressing juvenile crime and
    delinquency and the problem of missing and exploited children. The
    Office is comprised of five divisions.
        The State Relations and Assistance Division oversees the Formula
    Grants Program. States can receive formula grants and technical
    assistance to help implement delinquency prevention, control, and system
    improvement programs, including the core requirements of the Juvenile
    Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act. The Division also administers
    the Title V Prevention Incentive Grants Program and the State Challenge
    Grants Program. Beginning in 1998, the division will also administer the
    Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grant Program and the formula
    grant component of the Combating Underage Drinking Program.
        The Special Emphasis Division provides funds directly to public and
    private nonprofit agencies and individuals to foster new approaches to
    delinquency prevention and control and the improvement of the juvenile
    justice system. The Division focuses on such areas as serious, violent,
    and chronic juvenile offenders; gangs; at-risk female juvenile
    offenders; and school dropouts.
        The Research and Program Development Division sponsors research and
    studies about national trends in juvenile delinquency and drug use,
    serious juvenile crime, the causes of delinquency, prevention
    strategies, program evaluation, and improvement of the juvenile justice
    system. It is also responsible for program evaluation, statistics, and
    demonstration programs.
        The Training and Technical Assistance Division funds training for
    juvenile justice practitioners, policymakers, and organizations and
    provides technical assistance in planning, funding, establishing,
    operating, and evaluating juvenile delinquency programs. In addition,
    the Division administers juvenile court and prosecutor training, court-
    appointed special advocates, and children's advocacy center programs
    under the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 13001).
        The Information Dissemination Unit conducts a wide variety of
    information dissemination activities for the Office in support of its
    statutory mandate to serve as a clearinghouse and information center for
    the preparation, publication, and dissemination of information on
    juvenile delinquency and missing children. The Unit also monitors the
    operations of the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse, which collects,
    stores, and disseminates the Office's and other juvenile justice-related
    publications. The toll-free telephone number is 1-800-638-8736.
    Programs  The Concentration of Federal Efforts Program and the Missing
    Children's Program are also under the Office's direction. The
    Concentration of Federal Efforts Program coordinates Federal programs
    dealing with juvenile delinquency and assists Federal agencies that have
    responsibility for delinquency prevention and treatment. It also
    promotes interagency cooperation in eliminating duplicate efforts and
    provides direction for the use of Federal resources in facilitating a
    comprehensive, unified Federal juvenile justice policy.
        The Missing Children's Program was created in 1984 by the Missing
    Children's Assistance Act to provide Federal leadership in ensuring that
    every practical step is taken in recovering missing children, reuniting
    them with their families, and prosecuting abductors. The Program serves
    as a central focus for research, data collection, policy development,
    training professionals in the field, and providing information about
    missing and exploited children. It also funds the National Center for
    Missing and Exploited Children, which operates a national toll-free
    telephone

    [[Page 358]]

    line and serves as a national information clearinghouse.
    Office for Victims of Crime (OVC)  The Office serves as the Justice
    Department's chief advocate for crime victims and their families. This
    includes carrying out the activities mandated by the Victims of Crime
    Act of 1984 (VOCA), as amended (42 U.S.C. 10601 note); monitoring
    compliance with the provisions regarding assistance for Federal crime
    victims of the Victim and Witness Protection Act of 1982; and
    implementing the recommendations of the President's Task Force on
    Victims of Crime, and the Attorney General's Task Force on Family
    Violence.
        A Crime Victims Fund was created by VOCA in the U.S. Treasury to
    provide Federal financial assistance to State governments to compensate
    and assist victims of crime. Monies in the fund come from fines and
    penalties assessed on convicted Federal defendants. The Office awards
    grants to States to compensate crime victims for expenses, such as
    medical costs, resulting from their victimization. Grants also are
    awarded to State governments to support State and local programs that
    provide direct assistance to crime victims and their families. Priority
    for victim assistance funds is given to programs providing direct
    services to victims of sexual assault, spouse abuse, and child abuse.
    States also must use grant funds to assist previously underserved victim
    populations, such as victims of drunk drivers or the families of
    homicide victims.
        A small portion of the Crime Victims Fund is available to support
    services for victims of Federal crimes. Programs under this initiative
    have focused on developing victim assistance services for Federal crime
    victims in Indian country, creating a Federal crime victim assistance
    fund for use by U.S. attorneys offices to pay for emergency services for
    Federal crime victims, and assisting Native American child abuse
    victims.
        In addition, each year OVC sponsors National Crime Victims' Rights
    Week to increase public awareness of crime victims' special needs and to
    honor those who work on behalf of victims. The OVC Resource Center,
    which provides information concerning victims issues to victims
    advocates, criminal justice practitioners, and the public, is funded by
    OVC. The Center may be reached toll-free on 1-800-627-6872.
    Violence Against Women Grants Office  The Violence Against Women Grants
    Office administers the Department's formula and discretionary grant
    programs authorized by the Violence Against Women Act of 1994.
        These programs assist the Nation's criminal justice system to
    respond to the needs and concerns of women who have been, or potentially
    could be, victimized by violence. The programs emphasize enhanced
    delivery of services to women victimized by violence, and work to
    strengthen outreach efforts to minorities and disabled women. The Office
    provides technical assistance to State and tribal government officials
    in planning innovative and effective criminal justice responses to
    violent crimes committed against women. The Office provides Indian
    tribal governments with funds to develop and strengthen the tribal
    justice system's response to violent crimes committed against Native
    American women through a discretionary grant program.
    Drug Court Program Office  The Drug Court Program Office was established
    to support the development and implementation of effective Drug Court
    programming at the State, local, and tribal level. The Office
    administers the Drug Court Grant Program as authorized by Title V of the
    Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994.
        This discretionary grant program assists local units of government
    in the planning, implementation, and improvement of Drug Courts which
    target non-violent, drug-involved offenders. The Office strives to
    strengthen existing Drug Courts and develop new Drug Courts, encouraging
    them to provide continuing judicial supervision, mandatory periodic
    testing for substance abuse among clients, substance abuse treatment,
    offender supervision, management and aftercare, combined with
    appropriate sanctions for failure to comply with program

    [[Page 359]]

    requirements. The Office works closely with agencies and organizations
    involved in the areas of justice and recovery. The Office also develops
    and delivers appropriate technical assistance and training to enhance
    the effectiveness and operation of both existing and new Drug Courts.
    Corrections Program Office  The Corrections Program Office provides
    leadership and assistance to State and local governments related to
    correctional policy and programs designed to reduce crime, increase
    public safety, and restore integrity to sentencing practices for violent
    offenders. The Office administers correctional programs authorized by
    the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, as amended,
    including the Violent Offender Incarceration/Truth in Sentencing and
    Residential Substance Abuse Treatment for State Prisoners Programs.
        The Violent Offender Incarceration/Truth in Sentencing Program
    provides formula grant funds to the States to build and expand
    correctional facilities to increase secure space for the confinement of
    violent offenders and the implementation of truth in sentencing laws.
    The Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Program is designed to reduce
    drug and criminal activity among offenders released back into the
    community by producing formula grant funds to develop and expand
    substance abuse treatment programs for offenders while incarcerated in
    State and local correctional facilities.
        The Corrections Program Office also provides technical assistance
    and training to State and local correctional policymakers and
    practitioners to encourage the adoption of sound correctional policies
    and ``best practices.''
    Executive Office for Weed and Seed The Executive Office for Weed and
    Seed administers the Department's premier community-based public safety
    program. Operation Weed and Seed is a comprehensive, community-based
    strategy to ``weed out'' violent crime, gang activity, drug trafficking,
    and drug use, and ``seed in'' neighborhood revitalization. Programs are
    implemented through the leadership of U.S. attorneys working closely
    with community officials and residents. By bringing together law
    enforcement, businesses, schools, and community residents, Weed and Seed
    neighborhoods have succeeded in achieving long-term, positive change.
    The Executive Office for Weed and Seed works closely with OJP's other
    bureaus and offices, which fund model programs in Weed and Seed sites
    from which other communities can learn promising approaches to solving
    problems affecting residents and their neighborhoods. The Weed and Seed
    Program is funded through a congressional earmark from Byrne
    Discretionary Grant Program.

    For further information, contact the Office of Congressional and Public
    Affairs, Office of Justice Programs, Department of Justice, 810 Seventh
    Street NW., Washington, DC 20531. Phone, 202-307-0781.

    Boards

    Executive Office for Immigration Review

    Falls Church, VA 22041. Phone, 703-305-0289. Internet, http://
    www.usdoj.gov/eoir/.

    The Attorney General has delegated certain powers and authorities for
    the administration and interpretation of the Immigration and Nationality
    Act of 1952 (8 U.S.C. 1101) and other Federal immigration laws to the
    Executive Office for Immigration Review, which is completely independent
    of and separate from both the Immigration and Naturalization Service,
    the agency charged with the enforcement of the immigration laws, and the
    Office of Special Counsel for Immigration Related Unfair Employment
    Practices, the agency charged with the enforcement of the

    [[Page 360]]

    anti-discrimination provisions of the Immigration Reform and Control
    Act. The Executive Office for Immigration Review includes the Board of
    Immigration Appeals, the Office of the Chief Immigration Judge, and the
    Office of the Chief Administrative Hearing Officer. It is headed by a
    Director, who is responsible for the immediate supervision of these
    components and who reports to the Deputy Attorney General.
    Board of Immigration Appeals The Board of Immigration Appeals is a
    quasi-judicial body composed of 15 members including the Chair and Vice
    Chair, and a Chief Attorney-Examiner who is also an alternate Board
    Member.
        The Board hears oral arguments at its Falls Church, VA, location. A
    staff of attorney advisors assists the Board in the preparation of
    decisions.
        The Board has been given nationwide jurisdiction to hear appeals of
    decisions made by immigration judges and by district and center
    directors of the Immigration and Naturalization Service. In addition,
    the Board is responsible for hearing appeals involving the suspension or
    barring from practice of attorneys and representative before the Service
    and the Board.
        Decisions of the Board are binding on all Service officers and
    immigration judges unless modified or overruled by judicial review in
    the Federal courts. The majority of appeals reaching the Board involve
    orders of removal and application for relief from removal. Other cases
    before the Board include the removal of aliens applying for admission to
    the United States, petitions to classify the status of alien relatives
    for the issuance of preference immigrant visas, fines imposed upon
    carriers for the violation of the immigration laws, and motions for
    reopening and reconsideration of decisions previously rendered.
        Following a review of the record and research into questions of law
    raised by the parties, an attorney-adviser drafts a proposed order for
    consideration of the Board members, frequently conferring with
    individual Board members concerning the proposed order. Attorney-
    advisers also assist in various administrative and support functions. In
    addition to developing expertise in the field of immigration law, they
    are often called upon to analyze questions of constitutional law, State,
    Federal, and foreign civil and criminal law.
    Office of the Chief Immigration Judge The Office of the Chief
    Immigration Judge provides overall direction for the 209 immigration
    judges located in approximately 40 immigration courts throughout the
    Nation. Immigration judges are responsible for conducting formal
    administrative proceedings and act independently in their decisionmaking
    capacity. Their decisions are administratively final, unless appealed or
    certified to the Board. Through its Criminal Alien Institutional Hearing
    Program, the Office currently has programs in all 50 States, Puerto
    Rico, the District of Columbia, and selected municipalities and Bureau
    of Prison facilities to adjudicate the immigration status of alien
    inmates incarcerated by Federal, State, and municipal correction
    authorities as a result of convictions for criminal offense.
        In removal proceedings, an immigration judge determines whether an
    individual from a foreign country should be admitted or allowed to stay
    in the United States or be removed. Judges are located throughout the
    United States, and each judge has jurisdiction to consider various forms
    of relief available under the law, including applications for asylum.
    Office of the Chief Administrative Hearing Officer The Office is
    responsible for the general supervision of administrative law judges in
    the performance of their duties under 8 U.S.C. 1324a-1324c.
    Administrative law judge proceedings are mandated by the Immigration and
    Nationality Act and concern allegations of unlawful employment of
    aliens, unfair immigration-related employment

    [[Page 361]]

    practices, and immigrations document fraud.

    For further information, contact the Office of Public Affairs, Executive
    Office for Immigration Review, Department of Justice, Falls Church, VA
    22041. Phone, 703-305-0289. Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/eoir/.

    United States Parole Commission

    5550 Friendship Boulevard, Chevy Chase, MD 20815. Phone, 301-492-5990

    The Parole Commission presently consists of three members, appointed by
    the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. It has sole
    authority to grant, modify, or revoke paroles of eligible U.S. prisoners
    serving sentences of more than one year, including military prisoners
    and D.C. Code prisoners housed in Federal institutions. It is
    responsible for the supervision of parolees and prisoners released upon
    the expiration of their sentences with allowances for statutory good
    time, and the determination of supervisory conditions and terms.
    Probation officers supervise parolees and mandatory releases under the
    direction of the Commission.
        Under the Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959 (29
    U.S.C. 401), the Commission determines whether or not persons convicted
    of certain crimes may serve as officials in the field of organized labor
    or in labor-oriented management positions; likewise, under the
    Employment Retirement Income and Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1111),
    the Commission determines whether or not such persons may provide
    services to or be employed by employment benefit plans. The Commission
    has also had jurisdiction since 1977 to set release dates for U.S.
    citizens who are returned to the United States, pursuant to treaty, to
    serve foreign criminal sentences. For offenders who committed their
    crimes after November 1, 1987, the Commission applies the guidelines of
    the U.S. Sentencing Commission.
        The Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 (98 Stat. 2032) abolished parole
    eligibility for Federal offenders who commit offenses on or after
    November 1, 1987. It also provided for the abolition of the Commission
    on November 1, 1992. However, the Judicial Improvements Act of 1990 (104
    Stat. 5089) and the Parole Commission Phaseout Act of 1996 (18 U.S.C.
    4201 note) extended the Commission in 5-year increments, through
    November 1, 2002. In the National Capital Revitalization and Self-
    Government Improvement Act of 1997 (111 Stat. 712), Congress transferred
    the function of granting or denying parole for all District of Columbia
    Code offenders, wherever imprisoned, to the Parole Commission from the
    District of Columbia Board of Parole, effective August 5, 1998. This act
    also authorized the Commission to expand to five members. In subsequent
    years, pursuant to this same legislation, the Parole Commission will
    assume from the D.C. Board the functions of supervising and revoking the
    paroles granted to D.C. offenders. The Commission will also supervise
    D.C. Code offenders placed on supervised release and revoke supervised
    release terms for violation.

    For further information, contact the Office of the Chairman, United
    States Parole Commission, Department of Justice, 5550 Friendship
    Boulevard, Chevy Chase, MD 20815. Phone, 301-492-5990. Internet, http://
    www.usdoj.gov/uspc/parole.htm/.

    Office of Community Oriented Policing Services

    The Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) was created
    with the passage of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of
    1994 to achieve several goals: to advance the philosophy of community
    policing as a national law enforcement strategy; to deploy 100,000 new
    police officers in community policing roles; to reinforce partnerships
    that will sustain community policing; and to evaluate and demonstrate
    the effectiveness of community policing to improve the quality of life
    by reducing the levels of disorder, violence, and crime in our
    communities.
        The primary activity of the COPS Office is the awarding of
    competitive, discretionary grants directly to law enforcement agencies
    across the United

    [[Page 362]]

    States and its territories. Over the life of the COPS Office,
    approximately $8 billion in grant funding will be made available to
    achieve these goals.
        The COPS Office is headed by a Director, appointed by the Attorney
    General, and is organized into several divisions. The Grants
    Administration Division is responsible for developing and designing new
    programs to provide resources for the hiring of new officers and to
    further the adoption and implementation of community policing, reviewing
    grant applications, maintaining liaison with the Office of Justice
    Programs for financial review of applications, monitoring grant awards,
    developing and maintaining databases to support policymaking,
    participating in the evaluation of the grant programs, and coordination
    of the Office's research agenda. Within the Grants Administration
    Division are the Police Hiring section and the Program Planning,
    Research and Evaluation section.
        The Training and Technical Assistance Division is responsible for
    coordinating the provision of training and technical assistance to
    advance the adoption, implementation and sustaining of community
    policing in the thousands of communities served by the COPS Office.
        The Legal Division is responsible for providing legal advice to the
    Director and other functional areas of the COPS Office, and for ensuring
    compliance with the legal requirements applicable to the activities of
    the COPS Office.
        The Congressional Relations Division assists Members of Congress in
    serving their constituents, thereby facilitating greater dissemination
    of information about COPS programs and activities, and provides input in
    program design and development and policy formulation so that programs
    and policies reflect legislative intent and address congressional needs.
        The Communications Division provides ongoing information about
    community policing and COPS programs through every available channel of
    communication, including timely and accurate responses to media
    inquiries, interviews, public events, publications and related materials
    produced by and for any telecommunication format.
        The Intergovernmental and Public Liaison Division maintains channels
    for communication and feedback regarding COPS programs with
    representatives of interested local, State, and national organizations
    and with local elected officials.
        Finally, the Administrative Division provides support services to
    the COPS Office, including resource management to recruit, train, and
    maintain a professional workforce; fiscal resource management to perform
    the accounting and budget formulation and execution functions necessary
    to administer the COPS appropriation; facilities management to acquire
    and maintain space, provide security, and procure supplies, equipment,
    telephones, and other services; and information resource management.

    Office of Intergovernmental Affairs

    The Office of Intergovernmental Affairs is responsible for advising the
    Attorney General and other leadership and senior Department officials on
    matters affecting the Department of Justice's relationship with State
    and local government and the advocacy groups which represent these
    entities. The Office consists of a Director, principal Deputy Director,
    three Deputy Directors, and two support staff. All professional staff
    are attorneys.

    For further information, contact the Office of Intergovernmental
    Affairs, Department of Justice, Room 1521 Main, 950 Pennsylvania Avenue,
    Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-514-3465.

    Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States

    The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States is a
    quasi-judicial, independent agency within the Department of Justice
    which adjudicates claims of U.S. nationals against foreign governments,
    either under specific jurisdiction conferred by Congress or pursuant to
    international claims settlement agreements. The decisions of the
    Commission are final and are not reviewable under any standard by any
    court or other authority.

    [[Page 363]]

    Funds for payment of the Commission's awards are derived from
    congressional appropriations, international claims settlements, or the
    liquidation of foreign assets in the United States by the Departments of
    Justice and the Treasury.
        The Commission is currently conducting an Albanian Claims Program,
    adjudicating claims and making awards compensating U.S. nationals for
    losses resulting from nationalization, expropriation, intervention and
    other property-taking by the former Communist regime in Albania which
    took power at the end of World War II.
        The Commission is compiling a registry of the estimated $5 billion
    in outstanding claims against Iraq held by U.S. nationals, in
    preparation for future Commission adjudication of such claims. Claims to
    be registered include those that predate the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq
    in August 1990, and certain claims of military personnel or their
    survivors arising out of Desert Shield and Desert Storm or Iraq's attack
    on the U.S.S. Stark in 1987.
        The Commission is also conducting a Holocaust Survivors Claims
    Program, to adjudicate the claims of U.S. nationals who were interned
    and persecuted by the German Nazi regime before and during World War II.
    The Commission's decisions will be used by the Department of State as
    the basis for negotiation of a final settlement of such claims with
    Germany.
        In addition, the Commission will play a role in the implementation
    of the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (LIBERTAD) Act of 1996.
    Under Title III of the act, Commission determinations on the ownership
    and value of expropriated property in Cuba which were rendered in its
    Cuban Claims Program (conducted from 1965-72) will serve as the basis
    for lawsuits that may be filed by U.S. nationals in the U.S. district
    court against foreigners who have invested in or otherwise benefited
    from property formerly owned by the U.S. nationals. The act further
    designates the Commission as a ``Special Master'' available to the
    courts beginning in 1998 to determine the ownership and value of
    expropriated property that was not the subject of claims filed in the
    Commission's Cuban Claims Program.
        The Commission also has authority under the War Claims Act of 1948,
    as amended, to receive, determine the validity and amount, and provide
    for the payment of claims by members of the U.S. armed services and
    civilians held as prisoners of war or interned by a hostile force in
    Southeast Asia during the Vietnam conflict, or by the survivors of such
    service members and civilians.
        Finally, the Commission is responsible for maintaining records and
    responding to inquiries related to the various claims programs it has
    conducted against the Governments of Yugoslavia, Panama, Poland,
    Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Italy, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia,
    Cuba, the German Democratic Republic, the People's Republic of China,
    Vietnam, Ethiopia, Egypt, and Iran, as well as those authorized under
    the War Claims Act of 1948, and other statutes.
        The Commission's organization and functions are defined in the
    International Claims Settlement Act of 1949, as amended (22 U.S.C. 1621
    et seq.), the War Claims Act of 1948, as amended (50 U.S.C. app. 2001 et
    seq.), the Balanced Budget Downpayment Act, I (Public Law 104-99), and
    the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (LIBERTAD) Act of 1996
    (Public Law 104-114).

    For further information, contact the Office of the Chair, Foreign Claims
    Settlement Commission of the United States, Department of Justice, Suite
    6002, 600 E Street NW., Washington, DC 20579. Phone, 202-616-6975; or
    fax, 202-616-6993.

    Sources of
    Information

    Controlled Substances Act Registration  Information about registration
    under the Controlled Substances Act may be obtained from the
    Registration Section of

    [[Page 364]]

    the Drug Enforcement Administration, P.O. Box 28083, Central Station,
    Washington, DC 20038. Phone, 202-307-7255.
    Disability-Related Matters  Contact the Civil Rights Division's ADA
    Hotline. Phone, 800-514-0301. TDD, 800-514-0383. Internet, http://
    www.usdoj.gov/crt/ada/adahom1.htm/.
    Drugs and Crime Clearinghouse  Phone, 800-666-3332 (toll-free).
    Electronic Access  Information concerning Department of Justice programs
    and activities is available electronically through the Internet, at
    http://www.usdoj.gov/.
    Employment  The Department maintains an agencywide job line. Phone, 202-
    514-3397.
        Attorneys' applications: Director, Office of Attorney Personnel
    Management, Department of Justice, Room 6150, Tenth Street and
    Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-514-1432.
    Assistant U.S. attorney applicants should apply to individual U.S.
    attorneys.
        United States Marshals Service: Field Staffing Branch, United States
    Marshals Service, Department of Justice, 600 Army Navy Drive, Arlington,
    VA 22202-4210.
        Federal Bureau of Investigation: Director, Washington, DC 20535, or
    any of the field offices or resident agencies whose addresses are listed
    in the front of most local telephone directories.
        Immigration and Naturalization Service: Central Office, 425 I Street
    NW., Washington, DC 20536 (phone, 202-514-2530); or any regional or
    district office.
        Drug Enforcement Administration: regional offices, laboratories, or
    Washington Headquarters Office of Personnel.
        Bureau of Prisons: Central Office, 320 First Street NW., Washington,
    DC 20534 (phone, 202-307-3082); or any regional or field office.
        Office of Justice Programs, 633 Indiana Avenue NW., Washington, DC
    20531. Phone, 202-307-0730.
        United States Trustee Program, Room 770, 901 E Street NW.,
    Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-616-1000.
        Foreign Claims Settlement Commission: Attorneys: Office of the Chief
    Counsel, Suite 6002, 600 E Street NW., Washington, DC 20579 (phone, 202-
    616-6975); Other: Administrative Officer, same address and phone.
    Housing Discrimination Matters  Contact the Civil Rights Division's
    Housing and Civil Enforcement Section. Phone, 800-896-7743.
    Immigration-Related Employment Matters  The Civil Rights Division
    maintains a Worker Hotline. Phone, 800-255-7688. TDD, 800-237-2515. It
    also offers information for employers. Phone, 800-255-8155. TDD, 800-
    362-2735.
    Publications and Films  The FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin and Uniform
    Crime Reports--Crime in the United States are available from the
    Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
    20402.
        The Annual Report of the Attorney General of the United States is
    published each year by the Department of Justice, Washington, DC 20530.
        Approximately nine textbooks on citizenship, consisting of teachers
    manuals and student textbooks at various reading levels, are distributed
    free to public schools for applicants for citizenship and are on sale to
    all others from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing
    Office, Washington, DC 20402. Public schools or organizations under the
    supervision of public schools which are entitled to free textbooks
    should make their requests to the appropriate Immigration and
    Naturalization Service Regional Office (See appropriate section of this
    manual for mailing addresses.). For general information, call 202-514-
    3946.
        The Freedom of Information Act Guide and Privacy Act Overview and
    the Freedom of Information Case List, both published annually, are
    available from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing
    Office, Washington, DC 20530; and in electronic format through INTERNET-
    Library of Congress. ISBN 0-16-042921-8.
        FOIA Update (Stock No. 727-002-00000-6), published quarterly, is

    [[Page 365]]

    available free of charge to FOIA offices and other interested offices
    Governmentwide. This publication is also available from the
    Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
    20402; and in electronic format through INTERNET-Library of Congress.
        Guidelines for Effective Human Relations Commissions, Annual Report
    of the Community Relations Service, Community Relations Service
    Brochure, CRS Hotline Brochure, Police Use of Deadly Force: A
    Conciliation Handbook for Citizens and Police, Principles of Good
    Policing: Avoiding Violence Between Police and Citizens, Resolving
    Racial Conflict: A Guide for Municipalities, and Viewpoints and
    Guidelines on Court-Appointed Citizens Monitoring Commissions in School
    Desegregation are available upon request from the Public Information
    Office, Community Relations Service, Department of Justice, Washington,
    DC 20530.
        A limited number of drug educational films are available, free of
    charge, to civic, educational, private, and religious groups.
        A limited selection of pamphlets and brochures is available. The
    most widely requested publication is Drugs of Abuse, an identification
    manual intended for professional use. Single copies are free.
        Copies of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission's semiannual
    (through December 1966) and annual (from January 1967) reports to the
    Congress concerning its activities are available at the Commission in
    limited quantities.
    Reading Rooms  Located in Washington, DC, at: U.S. Department of
    Justice, Room 6505, Tenth Street and Constitution Avenue NW.,
    Washington, DC 20530 (phone, 202-514-3775). Bureau of Prisons, 320 First
    Street NW., 20534 (phone, 202-307-3029); Immigration and Naturalization
    Service, 425 I Street NW., 20536 (phone, 202-514-2837); Foreign Claims
    Settlement Commission, 600 E Street NW., 20579 (phone, 202-616-6975).
    Also at the U.S. Parole Commission, 5550 Friendship Boulevard, Chevy
    Chase, MD 20815 (phone, 301-492-5959); Board of Immigration Appeals,
    Suite 2400, 5107 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041 (phone, 703-305-
    0168); some of the Immigration and Naturalization Service district
    offices; and the National Institute of Justice, 9th Floor, 633 Indiana
    Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20531 (phone, 202-307-5883).
    Redress for Wartime Relocation/Internment  Contact the Civil Rights
    Division's Office of Redress Administration. Helpline phone, 202-219-
    6900. TDD, 202-219-4710. Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/.
    Reference Service  In 1972, the National Institute of Justice
    established the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). All
    five OJP bureaus now support NCJRS, a clearinghouse of information and
    publications concerning OJP programs and other information of interest
    to the criminal justice community. The Office's National Institute of
    Justice, which has supported the clearinghouse for almost 20 years,
    provides most of the funding for the National Criminal Justice Reference
    Service. Police, corrections agencies, courts, criminal justice
    planners, juvenile justice practitioners, community crime prevention
    groups, and others needing information for planning and problem solving
    in criminal justice can refer to this international information service
    specially designed to assist the justice community.
        The National Criminal Justice Reference Service provides information
    from its computerized data base system free or at a minimal cost to
    users through a variety of products and services including the bimonthly
    NIJ Catalog, which contains abstracts of significant additions to the
    data base and pertinent information and a Calendar of Events announcing
    upcoming training courses and conferences; selected hardcopy documents
    upon request; three types of data base search packages; various
    microfiche products; and referrals to other information sources. Under
    contracts with OJP bureaus, the National Criminal Justice Reference
    Service also operates the Drugs and

    [[Page 366]]

    Crime Data Center and Clearinghouse, the Bureau of Justice Assistance
    Clearinghouse, the Justice Statistics Clearinghouse, the Juvenile
    Justice Clearinghouse, the National Victims Resource Center, and the
    Construction Information Exchange. All the Service's clearinghouses may
    be contacted on 800-851-3420 (toll-free); or in the Washington, DC,
    metropolitan area on 301-251-5500.
        The NCJRS Electronic Bulletin Board, with 3,000 registered users,
    makes NCJRS' services available online. The Bulletin Board may be
    accessed by modem on 301-738-8895.
        Organizations and individuals may register to receive information
    from the National Criminal Justice Reference Service by writing NCJRS,
    Box 6000, 1600 Research Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20850.
    Small Business Activities  Contract information for small businesses can
    be obtained from the Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business
    Utilization, Department of Justice, Tenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue
    NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-616-0521.

    For further information concerning the Department of Justice, contact
    the Office of Public Affairs, Department of Justice, Tenth Street and
    Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20530. Phone, 202-514-2007
    (voice); 202-786-5731 (TDD). Internet, http://www.usdoj.gov/.