Environmental Protection: EPA's Science and Technology Funds (Letter
Report, 10/30/98, GAO/RCED-99-12).
Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the Environmental
Protection Agency's (EPA) budget justifications for its Science and
Technology account for fiscal years 1998 and 1999, focusing on: (1)
identifying EPA's Science and Technology requested funds by the agency's
strategic goals and objectives; (2) determining for each of EPA's
program offices the amount of Science and Technology funds they plan to
administer in fiscal year (FY) 1999; and (3) providing a crosswalk of
funds appropriated for FY 1998 by program components to strategic goals
and objectives and determine the process or information available that
can be used to readily compare the funds that are requested for EPA's
Science and Technology account in future years.
GAO noted that: (1) EPA organized its request for $633 million for its
Science and Technology account for FY 1999 according to the agency's
strategic goals and objectives in its budget justification provided to
the appropriations committees; (2) these funds are divided under all 10
goals and further segmented into 25 to 45 objectives that are identified
under the strategic goals; (3) 71 percent of the Science and Technology
funds is proposed to fund two of EPA's strategic goals--Sound Science
and Clean Air; (4) the funds in this account are divided among nine
objectives under these two goals; (5) in FY 1999, 6 of EPA's 14 program
offices will administer the requested Science and Technology funds; (6)
two program offices, the Office of Research and Development and the
Office of Air and Radiation, will administer $485 and $132 million,
respectively, or over 97 percent of all the Science and Technology funds
requested; (7) the remaining 3 percent of these funds will be
administered by four other program offices; (8) EPA did not maintain
financial records by both program components and strategic goals and
objectives for all 1998 appropriated Science and Technology funds; (9)
estimates of the 1998 appropriated amounts were subsequently developed
by EPA, at GAO's request, to fully compare that year's amounts to the FY
1999 requested amounts; (10) EPA plans to submit future budget
justifications and maintain appropriated amounts for FY 1999 in the
format of its strategic goals and objectives; (11) this format will
facilitate comparisons of future requests with the FY 1999 budget
justification; and (12) EPA also plans to provide additional information
in the FY 2000 justification to facilitate comparisons of strategic
goals and objectives with major components of its programs.
--------------------------- Indexing Terms -----------------------------
REPORTNUM: RCED-99-12
TITLE: Environmental Protection: EPA's Science and Technology Funds
DATE: 10/30/98
SUBJECT: Comparative analysis
Strategic planning
Budget administration
Mission budgeting
Environmental research
Appropriated funds
Agency missions
IDENTIFIER: Government Performance and Results Act
GPRA
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Cover
================================================================ COVER
Report to the Committee on Science, House of Representatives
October 1998
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION - EPA'S
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FUNDS
GAO/RCED-99-12
Science and Technology Funds
(160450)
Abbreviations
=============================================================== ABBREV
EPA - Environmental Protection Agency
GAO - General Accounting Office
OMB - Office of Management and Budget
NAAQS -
Letter
=============================================================== LETTER
B-281073
October 30, 1998
The Honorable F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr.
Chairman
The Honorable George E. Brown, Jr.
Ranking Minority Member
Committee on Science
House of Representatives
Each year, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides a
justification for requested appropriations for the forthcoming fiscal
year to the congressional appropriations committees. This budget
justification contains information that supplements the President's
Budget submitted to the Congress and also shows levels of funding for
the previous fiscal year. This justification is used by the
appropriations committees and other committees during deliberations
on EPA's budget, programs, and other activities. EPA's fiscal year
1999 budget justification differed significantly from its fiscal year
1998 justification because it was organized according to the agency's
strategic goals and objectives (e.g., Clean Air: Reduce Emissions of
Air Toxics) that were established in the strategic plan EPA had
prepared to meet the requirements of the Government Performance and
Results Act. In contrast, the fiscal year 1998 budget justification
was organized according to EPA's program offices and components
(e.g., Office of Air and Radiation: Air Toxics), and the different
formats made comparing information contained in the budget
justifications for fiscal years 1998 and 1999 challenging for
congressional committees.
The President's Budget for fiscal year 1999 requested $633 million
for EPA's Science and Technology budget account, which funds
scientific research and related activities that support its
regulatory and other environmental programs. Like the rest of EPA's
fiscal year 1999 budget justification, the budget justification for
Science and Technology was presented according to EPA's various
strategic goals and objectives. For fiscal year 1998, $614 million
was requested for Science and Technology programs, and $631 million
was appropriated.
Because of the difficulty in identifying and comparing the proposed
funds in the Science and Technology account for the budget
justifications for fiscal years 1998 and 1999, you requested that we
(1) identify EPA's Science and Technology requested funds by the
agency's strategic goals and objectives, (2) determine for each of
EPA's program offices the amount of Science and Technology funds they
plan to administer in fiscal year 1999, and (3) provide a "crosswalk"
(or clear link) of funds appropriated for fiscal year 1998 by program
components to strategic goals and objectives and determine the
process or information available that can be used to readily compare
the funds that are requested for EPA's Science and Technology account
in future years.
RESULTS IN BRIEF
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :1
EPA organized its request for $633 million for its Science and
Technology account for fiscal year 1999 according to the agency's
strategic goals and objectives in its budget justification provided
to the appropriations committees. These funds are divided under all
10 goals and further segmented into 25 of 45 objectives that are
identified under the strategic goals. Seventy-one percent of the
Science and Technology funds is proposed to fund two of EPA's
strategic goals--Sound Science and Clean Air. The funds in this
account are divided among nine objectives under these two goals.
In fiscal year 1999, 6 of EPA's 14 program offices will administer
the requested Science and Technology funds. Two program offices, the
Office of Research and Development and the Office of Air and
Radiation, will administer $485 and $132 million, respectively, or
over 97 percent of all the Science and Technology funds requested.
The remaining 3 percent of these funds will be administered by four
other program offices.
EPA did not maintain financial records by both program components and
strategic goals and objectives for all 1998 appropriated Science and
Technology funds. Estimates of the 1998 appropriated amounts were
subsequently developed by EPA, at our request, to fully compare that
year's amounts to the fiscal year 1999 requested amounts. EPA plans
to submit future budget justifications and maintain appropriated
amounts for fiscal year 1999 in the format of its strategic goals and
objectives. This format will facilitate comparisons of future
requests with the fiscal year 1999 budget justification. EPA also
plans to provide additional information in the fiscal year 2000
justification to facilitate comparisons of strategic goals and
objectives with major components of its programs.
BACKGROUND
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :2
Prior to submitting its fiscal year 1999 budget justification, EPA
had organized its budget justifications to the appropriations
committees by its budget accounts and for each account by program
offices and program components. Funds appropriated and requested
were shown by program offices, and in fiscal year 1998 the requested
Science and Technology funds were allocated under six program offices
and 28 program components.
In response to the Government Performance and Results Act and other
related management reform initiatives, EPA presented its fiscal year
1999 budget justification according to the agency's strategic goals
and objectives that had been established in its September 1997
strategic plan. The budget request linked requested funds with the
agency's new structure of strategic goals and objectives, a
presentation that is intended to meet the requirements of the
Government Performance and Results Act.
The format and contents of budget justifications are not prescribed
in regulations, and the fiscal year 1999 justification did not
contain a breakdown by program offices or program components.
Therefore, the justification for fiscal year 1999 could not be
readily used to compare amounts requested or appropriated for fiscal
year 1998. The congressional committees' analysis of budget
justifications compares the funds requested for the future budget
year with the funds appropriated for the prior 2 years. To
facilitate such a comparison, agency officials provided supplemental
information to the congressional committees. This information
included crosswalks in the form of tables that linked amounts for
specific program components to the agency's various strategic goals
and objectives used in the fiscal year 1999 justification.
Comparison of fiscal year 1998 appropriated amounts with fiscal year
1999 requested amounts was difficult because financial crosswalks for
all amounts were not readily available to use with the budget
justification.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FUNDS
IDENTIFIED BY STRATEGIC GOALS
AND OBJECTIVES
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :3
Funds for EPA's Science and Technology account were requested for all
10 of the agency's strategic goals and for 25 of its 45 strategic
objectives for fiscal year 1999. Two strategic goals, Sound Science
and Clean Air,\1 accounted for 71 percent of the requested funds for
Science and Technology (see table 1).
Table 1
Science and Technology Funds Requested
for EPA's 10 Strategic Goals and
Objectives, Fiscal Year 1999
Fiscal Percentage
year 1999 of total
Strategic goals Objectives request request
---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Sound science, improved
understanding of environmental
risks, and greater innovation to 5 $312,955,7 49.4%
address environmental problems 00
Clean air 4 137,154,20 21.7%
0
Reduction of global and cross-
environmental risks 1 67,406,500 10.6%
Clean and safe water 3 55,335,700 8.7%
Expansion of Americans' right to
know about their environment 1 18,648,300 2.9%
Preventing pollution and reducing
risks in communities, homes,
workplaces, and ecosystems 3 14,383,600 2.3%
Better waste management,
restoration of contaminated 3 14,139,300 2.2%
sites, and emergency response
A credible deterrent to pollution
and greater compliance with the 2 8,760,700 1.4%
law
Safe food 2 4,450,000 0.7%
Effective management 1 226,000 <0.1%
======================================================================
Total 25 $633,460,0 100.0%
00
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: GAO's analysis of EPA's fiscal year 1999 Justification of
Appropriation Estimates for the Committees on Appropriations and data
provided by EPA.
A more detailed comparison of fiscal year 1998 appropriated funds and
fiscal year 1999 requested Science and Technology funds by EPA's
strategic goals and objectives is contained in appendix I.
--------------------
\1 Strategic goals and objectives for Sound Science and Clean Air
were also funded by other appropriations. Throughout this report, we
discuss only funds for EPA's Science and Technology account.
SIX OF EPA'S PROGRAM OFFICES
WILL ADMINISTER SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY FUNDS FOR FISCAL
YEAR 1999
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :4
Under EPA's budget proposal, 6 of EPA's 14 program offices would be
administering Science and Technology funds in fiscal year 1999. Two
program offices, Research and Development and Air and Radiation,
requested a combined $617 million, or over 97 percent of the total
funds for Science and Technology that were requested (see table 2).
Table 2
EPA's Program Offices That Will Be
Administering Fiscal Year 1999 Science
and Technology Funds
Fiscal year 1999
Science and Percentage of
Program office Technology request total request
------------------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Research and Development $485,487,000 76.6%
Air and Radiation 131,546,400 20.8%
Enforcement and Compliance 8,760,700 1.4%
Assurance
Prevention, Pesticides, and 5,313,600 0.8%
Toxic Substances
Water 2,126,300 0.3%
Administration and Resources 226,000 <0.1%
Management
======================================================================
Total $633,460,000 100.0%
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: GAO's analysis of EPA's fiscal year 1999 Justification of
Appropriation Estimates for the Committees on Appropriations and data
provided by EPA.
A more detailed comparison of the program offices that will be
administering the fiscal year 1999 Science and Technology funds by
EPA's strategic goals and objectives is contained in appendix II.
INFORMATION AVAILABLE FOR
COMPARING REQUESTED AND
APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :5
To compare EPA's requested fiscal year 1999 funds for Science and
Technology to the previous fiscal year's appropriated funds, EPA
would have had to maintain financial records in two different
formats--by program components and by strategic goals and
objectives--and to develop crosswalks to link information between the
two. EPA was not required to but maintained these two formats for
some of the Science and Technology funds but not for others.
Guidance from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) does not
require agencies to develop or provide crosswalks in their
justifications when a budget format changes. However, OMB examiners
or congressional committee staffs may request crosswalks during their
analysis of a budget request. According to EPA officials, the agency
will maintain its financial records by strategic goals and objectives
for future comparisons of budget justifications and will use this
format to request funds for fiscal year 2000. This approach will
facilitate comparisons of the appropriated amounts for fiscal year
1999 with the requested amounts for fiscal year 2000.
PRIOR YEAR COMPARISONS
---------------------------------------------------------- Letter :5.1
Two program offices, Research and Development and Air and Radiation,
which accounted for over 97 percent of the funds that were requested
for Science and Technology for fiscal year 1999, maintained their
financial records differently. The Office of Research and
Development maintained the appropriated budget for fiscal year 1998
by program components, the old format, and also by EPA's strategic
goals and objectives, the new format. With these two formats of
financial data, the Office of Research and Development could readily
crosswalk or provide links to help compare the 1998 appropriated
funds by program components to the fiscal year 1999 budget
justification, which is organized according to EPA's strategic goals
and objectives. A crosswalk of appropriated funds between the Office
of Research and Development's 11 program categories and EPA's 16
strategic objectives is shown in appendix III.
The Office of Air and Radiation maintained financial records for
fiscal year 1998 under EPA's new strategic goals and objectives
format and did not maintain this information by the format based on
the old program components because the agency was moving to the new
format. Therefore, the Office of Air and Radiation could only
estimate how the fiscal year 1998 appropriated funds would have been
classified under the old format. For example, EPA estimated that the
Office of Air and Radiation's program component for radiation had an
appropriated fiscal year 1998 budget of $4.6 million. While the
activities of this program component continued in fiscal year 1999,
the justification was presented as part of EPA's various strategic
goals and objectives. Because the radiation program could not be
readily identified in the fiscal year 1999 budget justification,
congressional decisionmakers could not easily compare it with the
fiscal year 1998 appropriated amount. At our request, the Office of
Air and Radiation estimated its appropriated budget for fiscal year
1998 by program components and then developed a crosswalk to link
amounts to EPA's strategic goals and objectives. An estimated
crosswalk between the Office of Air and Radiation's eight program
components and EPA's nine strategic objectives is shown in appendix
IV.
The remaining 3 percent of the requested Science and Technology funds
is administered by the Office of Water; the Office of Administration
and Resources Management; the Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and
Toxic Substances; and the Office of Enforcement and Compliance
Assurance. Two of these offices--the Office of Prevention,
Pesticides, and Toxic Substances and the Office of Enforcement and
Compliance Assurance--did not format financial information by program
components. These offices estimated how the 1998 appropriated funds
would be classified under their program components. Crosswalks for
these offices are shown in appendixes V-VIII.
FUTURE YEAR COMPARISONS
---------------------------------------------------------- Letter :5.2
EPA plans to submit future budget justifications in the strategic
goals and objectives format, as it did for fiscal year 1999.
Therefore, the formats for fiscal year 1999 and fiscal year 2000 will
be similar, which will facilitate comparisons. In addition,
according to EPA officials, EPA plans to modify its format for budget
justifications starting with its fiscal year 2000 budget
justification, by providing tables for each goal and objective that
will show the amount of funds requested for key programs.\2
According to EPA officials, EPA does not plan to identify the program
offices that will be administering the requested funds in its budget
justification for fiscal year 2000. However, according to EPA
officials, backup information will be available to show the program
offices that will be administering the requested funds. According to
EPA officials and an EPA draft policy on budget execution, the
agency's new Planning, Budgeting, Analysis, and Accountability System
will record budget data by goals, objectives, subobjectives, program
offices, and program components. EPA expected that this system would
be fully implemented on October 1, 1998. EPA will be formatting its
future budget justifications according to the agency's strategic
goals and objectives instead of its key programs.
According to EPA officials, the strategic goals and objectives in
EPA's fiscal year 2000 justification will be the same as those in its
fiscal year 1999 justification. However, beginning in fiscal year
1999, the agency will reassess its strategic goals and objectives, as
required by the Government Performance and Results Act. This
assessment will involve EPA's working with state governments, tribal
organizations, and congressional committees to evaluate its goals and
objectives to determine if any of them should be modified. Upon
completion of this assessment, if any of EPA's goals or objectives
change, the structure of the agency's budget justification would
change correspondingly. Changes to the strategic goals and
objectives in the budget justifications will also require crosswalks
and additional information to make year-to-year comparisons.
--------------------
\2 On September 30, 1998, EPA issued guidance requiring the use of
the term "key programs" for future budgets.
CONCLUSIONS
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :6
Formatting EPA's budget justification for fiscal year 1999 by the
agency's strategic goals and objectives was a significant departure
from its fiscal year 1998 budget justification, which was structured
according to the agency's program offices and their components.
While formatting its budget justification this way was responsive to
the Government Performance and Results Act, it made comparisons of
fiscal year 1998 appropriated amounts and fiscal year 1999 requested
amounts difficult because financial crosswalks for all amounts were
not readily available to use with the budget justification. As a
result, congressional committees were not able to easily compare the
amounts that were requested in the fiscal year 1999 justification
with the amounts that had been appropriated for fiscal year 1998.
Management initiatives taken and planned by EPA should promote
comparisons of the amounts that are appropriated for fiscal year 1999
with the amounts that will be requested for fiscal year 2000.
AGENCY COMMENTS
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :7
We provided copies of a draft of this report to EPA for review and
comment. The agency generally agreed that the report provided a good
characterization of the crosswalks needed to compare the amounts that
had been appropriated for fiscal year 1998 with the amounts that were
requested for fiscal year 1999. EPA suggested technical changes to
the report to help ensure accurate information regarding the agency's
processes to develop future budget requests, and we incorporated the
agency's comments.
SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :8
We performed our work at EPA's headquarters office located in
Washington, D.C. We reviewed the Justifications of Appropriation
Estimates for the Committees on Appropriations prepared by EPA for
fiscal years 1998 and 1999 to identify (1) the requested Science and
Technology funds by strategic goals and objectives, (2) which EPA
program offices would be administering funds from Science and
Technology, and (3) the appropriated 1998 funds by program components
and to determine the process and the available information that can
be used to readily compare requested amounts for Science and
Technology in future years. We also met with EPA officials and
reviewed additional documentation prepared by EPA. We did not
independently verify the data provided by EPA. We conducted our
review from July 1998 through October 1998 in accordance with
generally accepted government auditing standards.
---------------------------------------------------------- Letter :8.1
We are sending copies of this report to appropriate congressional
committees; the Administrator, EPA; and other interested parties. We
will also make copies available to others on request.
Major contributors to this report were Everett O. Pace and John A.
Wanska. Please call me at (202) 512-6111 if you or your staff have
any questions.
Peter F. Guerrero
Director, Environmental
Protection Issues
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FUNDS IN
EPA'S FISCAL YEAR 1998
APPROPRIATED BUDGET AND FISCAL
YEAR 1999 BUDGET REQUEST BY
STRATEGIC GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
=========================================================== Appendix I
Fiscal year
Fiscal year 1998 1999 budget
Strategic goal Objective appropriation request
------------------ ----------------------------- ------------------ ------------------
Clean air Attain National Ambient Air $126,773,900 $115,862,600
Quality Standards for ozone
and particulate matter
Reduce emissions of air 19,201,900 17,178,400
toxics
Attain National Ambient Air 114,500 113,200
Quality Standards for carbon
monoxide, sulfur dioxide,
lead, and nitrogen dioxide
Acid rain 4,500,000 4,000,000
=========================================================================================
Subtotal $150,590,300 $137,154,200
Clean and safe Enhance human health through $42,063,300 $37,699,300
water safe drinking water
Conserve and enhance nation's 12,406,500 11,570,700
water
Reduce loadings and air 4,278,200 6,065,700
disposition
=========================================================================================
Subtotal $58,748,000 $55,335,700
Safe food Reduce agricultural $1,758,200 $2,998,200
pesticides risk
Reduce use on food of 698,600 1,451,800
pesticides not meeting
standards
=========================================================================================
Subtotal $2,456,800 $4,450,000
Preventing Reduce public and ecosystem $638,600 $863,600
pollution and exposure to pesticides
reducing risks in
communities,
homes,
workplaces, and
ecosystems
Safe handling and use of 10,531,700 9,333,300
commercial
chemicals and microorganisms
Healthier indoor air 3,828,500 4,186,700
=========================================================================================
Subtotal $14,998,800 $14,383,600
Better waste Reduce or control risks to $5,218,700 $5,935,600
management, human health
restoration of
contaminated
waste sites, and
emergency
response
Prevent releases by proper 6,256,700 6,589,800
facility management
Response to all known 1,610,300 1,613,900
emergencies
=========================================================================================
Subtotal $13,085,700 $14,139,300
Reduction of Climate change $31,593,600 $67,406,500
global and cross-
environmental
risks
=========================================================================================
Subtotal $31,593,600 $67,406,500
Expansion of Enhance ability to protect $9,133,700 $18,648,300
Americans' right public health
to know about
their environment
=========================================================================================
Subtotal $9,133,700 $18,648,300
Sound science, Research for ecosystem $100,363,000 $84,537,200
improved assessment and restoration
understanding of
environmental
risks, and
greater
innovation to
address
environmental
problems
Research for human health 48,639,700 47,556,100
risk assessment
Research to detect emerging 42,444,800 49,591,100
risk issues
Pollution prevention and new 65,682,100 44,657,000
technology for environmental
protection
Enable research on innovative 85,013,400 86,614,300
approaches to current and
future environmental
problems
=========================================================================================
Subtotal $342,143,000 $312,955,700
A credible Enforcement tools to reduce $8,116,800 $8,662,800
deterrent to noncompliance
pollution and
greater
compliance with
the law
Promote voluntary compliance 98,300 97,900
=========================================================================================
Subtotal $8,215,100 $8,760,700
Effective Management services, $35,000 $226,000
management administrative, and
stewardship
=========================================================================================
Subtotal $35,000 $226,000
=========================================================================================
Grand total $631,000,000 $633,460,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: GAO's analysis of fiscal years 1998 and 1999 Justifications
of Appropriation Estimates for the Committees on Appropriations and
data provided by EPA.
EPA OFFICES THAT WILL ADMINISTER
FISCAL YEAR 1999 SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY FUNDS
========================================================== Appendix II
National program office
--------------------------------------------------------------
Preventi
on, Enforcem
Pesticid ent and
Research es, and Complian Administrati
and Air and Toxic ce on and
Strategi Developm Radiatio Substanc Assuranc Resources
c goal Objective ent n Water es e Management
-------- --------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ------------
Clean Attain National $44,285, $71,576,
air Ambient Air 700 900
Quality
Standards for
ozone and
particulate
matter
Reduce 15,392,6 1,785,80
emissions of 00 0
air toxics
Attain National 113,200
Ambient Air
Quality
Standards for
carbon
monoxide,
sulfur
dioxide, lead,
and nitrogen
dioxide
Acid rain 4,000,00
0
Clean Enhance human 35,573,0 $2,126,3
and health through 00 00
safe safe drinking
water water
Conserve and 11,570,7
enhance 00
nation's water
Reduce loadings 6,065,70
and air 0
disposition
Safe Reduce $2,998,2
food agricultural 00
pesticides use
Reduce use on 1,451,80
food of 0
pesticides not
meeting
standards
Preventi Reduce public 863,600
ng and ecosystem
polluti exposure to
on and pesticides
reducin
g risks
in
communi
ties,
homes,
workpla
ces,
and
ecosyst
ems
Safe handling 9,333,30
and use of 0
commercial
chemicals and
microorganisms
Healthier 2,213,50 1,973,20
indoor air 0 0
Better Reduce or $2,922,1 $3,013,5
waste control risks 00 00
managem to human
ent, health
restora
tion of
contami
nated
waste
sites,
and
emergen
cy
respons
e
Prevent 6,025,40 564,400
releases by 0
proper
facility
management
Response to all 1,613,90
known 0
emergencies
Reductio Climate change 20,501,0 46,905,5
n of 00 00
global
and
cross-
environ
mental
risks
Expansio Enhance ability 18,648,3
n of to protect 00
America public health
ns'
right
to know
about
their
environ
ment
Sound Research for 84,537,2
science, ecosystem 00
improve assessment and
d restoration
underst
anding
of
environ
mental
risks,
and
greater
innovat
ion to
address
environ
mental
problem
s
Research for 47,556,1
human health 00
risk
assessment
Research to 49,591,1
detect 00
emerging risk
issues
Pollution 44,657,0
prevention and 00
new technology
for
environmental
protection
Enable research $86,614,
on innovative 300
approaches to
current and
future
environmental
problems
A Enforcement $8,662,8
credible tools to 00
deterre reduce
nt to noncompliance
polluti
on and
greater
complia
nce
with
the law
Promote 97,900
voluntary
compliance
Effectiv Management $226,000
e services,
managem administrative
ent , and
stewardship
=========================================================================================
Grand $633,460,000 $485,487 $131,546 $2,126,3 $5,313,6 $8,760,7 $226,000
total ,000 ,400 00 00 00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: GAO's analysis of fiscal years 1998 and 1999 Justifications
of Appropriation Estimates for the Committees on Appropriations and
data provided by EPA.
CROSSWALK OF APPROPRIATED BUDGET
BY PROGRAM COMPONENTS TO STRATEGIC
OBJECTIVES, FY 1998, RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT
========================================================= Appendix III
Objective Objective
---------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Safe
handling
and use of
Conserve commercial Reduce Enhance Ecosystem Prevent Reduce or Attain Enable
and chemicals loadings ability to protection release by Pollution control NAAQS for Detect research
1998 enhance and and air protect and proper prevention risk to ozone and emerging on
ORD program appropriat nation's microorgan dispositio public restoratio Human health risk facility and new human particular health innovative
component ed budget water isms n health n assessment management technology health matter \a issues approaches
----------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Ecosystem $117,587,2 $12,406,50 $5,758,500 $4,278,200 $146,200 $94,997,80
protection 00 0 0
Human health 52,483,300 4,773,200 2,082,700 $45,627,400
protection
New technology 51,874,400 6,904,800 $173,100 $44,796,50
and pollution 0
prevention
Waste management 5,208,500 2,507,700 $2,700,800
and site
remediation
Waste site/risk 3,101,800 3,101,800
characterization
Science quality 141,479,40 5,365,200 3,012,300 20,885,600 $27,202,90 $85,013,40
and 0 0 0
infrastructure
Special 14,108,000 14,108,000
environmental
hazards
Criteria air 76,011,200 $74,877,30 1,133,900
0
====================================================================================================================================================================================
Total $12,406,50 $10,531,70 $4,278,200 $9,133,700 $100,363,0 $48,639,700 $5,782,600 $65,682,10 $2,700,800 $74,877,30 $42,444,80 $85,013,40
0 0 00 0 0 0 0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Objective
------------------------------------------------------
Enhance
human health Reduce
1998 through emissions
ORD program appropriated Climate drinking of Heathier
component budget change water air toxics indoor air
------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Global change $14,642,900 $14,642,900
Drinking water 40,316,300 $40,316,300
Air toxics 19,923,000 $17,788,200 $2,134,800
=========================================================================================
Total $14,642,900 $40,316,300 $17,788,200 $2,134,800
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
Source: GAO's analysis of data provided by EPA.
CROSSWALK OF APPROPRIATED BUDGET
BY PROGRAM COMPONENTS TO STRATEGIC
OBJECTIVES, FY 1998, AIR AND
RADIATION
========================================================== Appendix IV
Objective Objective
---------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prevent
Reduce or releases by
1998 Attain NAAQS for control risks proper Respond to
OAR program appropriated Attain NAAQS for Reduce emissions CO, SO2, NO2, Healthier to human facility all known Climate
component budget ozone and PM of air toxics and lead Acid rain indoor air health management emergencies change
----------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- ------------ ------------
Ozone/CO/NOx $29,300,500 $29,188,800 $111,700
PM/visibility/ 22,093,300 22,093,300
regional haze/
lead
Air toxics 1,391,700 $1,391,700
Acid rain/SO2 4,500,000 $4,500,000
Climate change 16,950,700 $16,950,700
Indoor 1,693,700 $1,693,700
environments
Radiation 4,582,800 $2,508,000 $464,500 $1,610,300
Working capital 658,800 614,500 22,000 2,800 9,900 9,600
fund
====================================================================================================================================================================================
Total $51,896,600 $1,413,700 $114,500 $4,500,000 $1,693,700 $2,517,900 $474,100 $1,610,300 $16,950,700
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Legend
NAAQS = National Ambient Air Quality Standards
CO = Carbon monoxide
NO2 = Nitrogen dioxide
NOx = Nitrogen oxide
PM = Particulate matter
SO2 = Sulfur dioxide
Source: GAO's analysis of data provided by EPA.
CROSSWALK OF APPROPRIATED BUDGET
BY PROGRAM COMPONENT TO STRATEGIC
OBJECTIVE, FY 1998, WATER
=========================================================== Appendix V
Objective
------------------
Enhance human
health through
1998 appropriated safe drinking
Program component for Water budget water
------------------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Drinking water technical $1,747,000 $1,747,000
support center
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: GAO's analysis of data provided by EPA.
CROSSWALK OF APPROPRIATED BUDGET
BY PROGRAM COMPONENT TO STRATEGIC
OBJECTIVE, FY 1998, ADMINISTRATION
AND RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
========================================================== Appendix VI
Objective
------------------
Management
Program component for services,
Administration and Resources 1998 appropriated administrative,
Management budget and stewardship
------------------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Essential infrastructure $35,000 $35,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: GAO's analysis of data provided by EPA.
CROSSWALK OF APPROPRIATED BUDGET
BY PROGRAM COMPONENTS TO STRATEGIC
OBJECTIVES, FY 1998, PREVENTION,
PESTICIDES, AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES
========================================================= Appendix VII
Objective
----------------------------------
Reduce use Reduce
Reduce on food of public and
Program component for agricultur pesticides ecosystem
Prevention, 1998 al not exposure
Pesticides, and Toxic appropriat pesticides meeting to
Substances ed budget ' use standards pesticides
---------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Registration $1,381,900 $1,097,800 $284,100
Reregistration and 1,713,600 660,500 $698,600 354,500
special projects
======================================================================
Total $1,758,300 $698,600 $638,600
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: GAO's analysis of data provided by EPA.
CROSSWALK OF APPROPRIATED BUDGET
BY PROGRAM COMPONENTS TO STRATEGIC
OBJECTIVES, FY 1998, ENFORCEMENT
AND COMPLIANCE ASSURANCE
======================================================== Appendix VIII
Objective
--------------------------
Enforcement
tools to
Program component for 1998 reduce Promote
Enforcement and Compliance appropriated noncomplianc voluntary
Assurance budget e compliance
---------------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Compliance monitoring $2,533,900 $2,533,900
Civil enforcement 2,363,400 2,363,400
Criminal enforcement 3,219,500 3,219,500
Compliance assistance 98,300 $98,300
======================================================================
Total $8,116,800 $98,300
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: GAO's analysis of data provided by EPA.
*** End of document. ***