Military Readiness: Data and Trends for April 1995 to March 1996 (Letter
Report, 08/02/96, GAO/NSIAD-96-194).

Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed combat readiness data
for those military units participating in the Bosnia operation.

GAO found that: (1) most of the Army units in Bosnia are capable of
performing the major portions of their wartime missions, but a few Army
units face significant readiness reductions; (2) there are 5 Army units
and one Air Force unit reporting readiness reductions; (3) these
reductions are the result of one or more battalions being deployed to
other missions; (4) the Air Force and Navy's readiness level is
relatively stable, but the Marine Corps' continues to remain at an
undesirable readiness level; (5) the Army lowered the resources
available to parent units by deploying key personnel to Bosnia; and (6)
the Bosnia operation has not affected the readiness levels of the Navy
or Marine Corps, since they are already making deployments in the area.

--------------------------- Indexing Terms -----------------------------

 REPORTNUM:  NSIAD-96-194
     TITLE:  Military Readiness: Data and Trends for April 1995 to March 
             1996
      DATE:  08/02/96
   SUBJECT:  Combat readiness
             Military personnel
             Defense contingency planning
             Defense capabilities
             Military training
             Military operations
             Military materiel
             Military forces
IDENTIFIER:  JCS Status of Resources and Training System
             Airborne Warning and Control System
             AWACS
             MC-130H Helicopter
             MC-130 Aircraft
             Bosnia
             Somalia
             
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Cover
================================================================ COVER


Report to the Chairman, Committee on National Security, House of
Representatives

August 1996

MILITARY READINESS - DATA AND
TRENDS FOR APRIL 1995 TO MARCH
1996

GAO/NSIAD-96-194

Military Readiness

(703145)


Abbreviations
=============================================================== ABBREV

  AWACS - Airborne Warning and Control System
  DOD - Department of Defense
  MOS - military occupational specialty
  SORTS - Status of Resources and Training System

Letter
=============================================================== LETTER


B-272379

August 2, 1996

The Honorable Floyd Spence
Chairman, Committee on National Security
House of Representatives

Dear Mr.  Chairman: 

As you requested, we have updated our Military Readiness report \1

through March 31, 1996, to determine if the data show significant
changes.  Also, we reviewed readiness data for selected units
participating in the Bosnia operation to see whether the operation
has affected readiness.  This report provides unclassified readiness
information on the four military services.  Specifically, it (1)
assesses readiness trends of selected units from each service from
April 1, 1995, to March 31, 1996, with particular emphasis on units
that reported degraded readiness during the prior period and (2)
assesses readiness trends (for the period Oct.1, 1995, to Mar.  31,
1996) for selected units that participated in the Bosnia operation. 

On June 26, 1996, we provided a classified briefing to the staff of
the Subcommittee on Military Readiness, House Committee on National
Security, on the results of our work.  This letter summarizes the
unclassified information presented in that briefing. 


--------------------
\1 Military Readiness:  Data and Trends for January 1990 to March
1995 (GAO/NSIAD-96-111BR, Mar.  4, 1996). 


   BACKGROUND
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :1

The Status of Resources and Training System (SORTS) is the Department
of Defense's (DOD) automated reporting system that identifies the
current level of selected resources and training status of a
unit--that is, its ability to undertake its wartime mission.  Units
report their overall readiness status as well as the status of
personnel, equipment and supplies on hand, equipment condition, and
training.\2

The overall readiness status is generally reported at a level
consistent with the lowest rated resource level, but commanders are
allowed to subjectively upgrade or downgrade the overall rating. 
SORTS is an internal management tool used by the Chairman of the
Joint Chiefs, the services, and the combatant commands.  It provides
the Chairman with the necessary unit information to achieve an
adequate and feasible military response to crisis situations and
participate in the joint planning and execution process. 


--------------------
\2 The readiness status of a unit is reported by "C" levels: 
C-1--unit can undertake the full wartime mission for which it is
organized or designed; C-2 --unit can undertake the bulk of its
wartime mission; C-3--unit can undertake major portions of its
wartime mission; C-4--unit requires additional resources and/or
training to undertake its wartime mission, but if the situation
dictates, it may be required to undertake portions of the mission
with resources on hand; and C-5--unit is undergoing a
service-directed resource change and is not prepared to undertake its
wartime mission. 


   RESULTS IN BRIEF
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :2

From April 1, 1995, to March 31, 1996, readiness of the 87 units we
reviewed and covered by our prior report was at levels consistent
with service goals in 80 (92 percent) of the units.\3 This represents
an improvement of 12 percentage points, compared with the unit status
during the prior period.  Readiness reductions were caused primarily
by shortages of available personnel, particularly those trained to
perform highly skilled military occupations. 

Of the 31 Army and 5 Air Force units we reviewed that participated in
the Bosnia operation, 5 Army units (14 percent) and 1 Air Force unit
(20 percent) reported readiness reductions.  The Army units had
deployed elements or key personnel to Bosnia, thus lowering resources
available to the parent (reporting) units.  The Air Force unit has
historically had personnel shortages.  The Bosnia operation did not
affect the readiness of either Navy or Marine Corps units since they
were either already in the theater or had planned a forward presence
deployment to the area. 


--------------------
\3 Our prior report included a cross-section of 94 units.  However,
since January 1990, seven (four Army, two Navy, and one Air Force) of
the original units have been deactivated by DOD. 


   SOME ARMY UNITS' READINESS
   DEGRADED BY BOSNIA OPERATIONS
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :3

Most (26 of 31) Army units we reviewed that participated in the
Bosnia operation remained capable of performing major portions of
their wartime missions.  The remaining five--civil affairs, signal,
psychological operations, and two transportation units--reported
significant readiness reductions, which indicated that they would
require additional resources and/or training to undertake their
wartime missions.  The primary reason for readiness degradation was
that one or more elements (for example, a company) of a battalion had
deployed to Bosnia and was therefore no longer available to the
parent unit.  Because SORTS measures resource levels available to the
parent or reporting unit, the parent unit's readiness was degraded. 

In the active Army units covered by our prior report, readiness had
remained stable or improved.  The significant changes or fluctuations
that had previously affected the readiness of five active Army units
due to contingency operations in Bosnia and Somalia had abated, and
the readiness of these units improved.  However, one of the National
Guard units that was experiencing shortages of deployable personnel
as of March 1995 continued to experience this problem during the
ensuing year.  The readiness of another National Guard unit declined
due to personnel shortages.  Army officials told us that this
condition was not uncommon in National Guard units.  Officials said
that they did not expect this situation to change in the near future. 


   AIR FORCE UNITS' READINESS WAS
   STABLE OR IMPROVED
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :4

For the most part, readiness in the Air Force units covered by our
prior report had remained stable or improved.  Air Force officials
told us that the spare parts and maintenance problems that had
degraded the readiness of airlift and Airborne Warning and Control
System (AWACS) units during the 1993-94 time frame had been resolved. 
The heavy use of AWACS aircraft had also affected the Air Force's
ability to train crews and maintain required skills.  Officials said
that the Air Force had reduced operational assignments for AWACS
units for the majority of 1995.  The temporary reduction of
assignments allowed the Air Force to increase the number of AWACS
aircraft dedicated to training additional crews. 

On the other hand, one Air Force unit's readiness declined from C-2
to C-4 between April 1995 and March 1996.  The decline resulted
initially from the conversion of the unit's primary aircraft, the
MC-130, to a newer model.  The readiness problems have continued,
however, due to shortages of spares for the radar on the new MC-130H. 
Air Force officials attributed the problem to the fact that the radar
was fielded prior to full development and procurement of
subcomponents.  Although this problem affects the entire MC-130H
fleet, officials said the fleet currently meets mission-capable rate
standards.  Air Force officials told us that they did not expect the
spare parts shortages to be corrected until the first quarter of
fiscal year 1997. 

Four of the five Air Force units we reviewed that supported the
Bosnia operation reported stable readiness.  In the remaining unit,
readiness had fluctuated between C-3 and C-4 since February 1995. 
Air Force officials told us that the unit has historically been
undermanned due to the difficulty of acquiring, training, and
maintaining sufficient volunteers for its special capabilities.  In
general, Air Force officials said that the Air Force has avoided
significant adverse effects on readiness by attention to planning and
managing its support of contingency operations.  They explained that
units with primary responsibility for an area of operation would be
used first but that deployment of those units would be limited to 120
days.  After that time, other units, including reserves, would
replace them. 


   NAVY UNITS' READINESS WAS
   STABLE OR IMPROVED
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :5

In the Navy units covered by our prior report, the readiness of all
units either had remained stable or improved since March 1995. 
Personnel shortages and insufficient flying hour funds, which
adversely affected aviation squadron readiness Navy-wide between
April 1994 and March 1995, were resolved.  Officials said that
participation in the Bosnia operation did not have a noticeable
effect on the readiness of Navy units.  Units involved were already
in the theater providing forward presence and response to
contingencies.  Moreover, officials said that Bosnia operations have
not resulted in deployment extensions or additional deployments. 


   READINESS OF MARINE CORPS
   SUPPORT AND AVIATION UNITS IS
   UNLIKELY TO REACH HIGHER LEVELS
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :6

In the active duty Marine Corps units covered by our prior report,
the readiness of ground combat units continued to remain at desired
levels.  However, as was the case during the prior period, the
readiness of support and aviation units fluctuated or remained stable
at a lower level.  This is because of the way support and aviation
units are used to support the Marine Corps' deployment and training
cycles.  Officials explained that support and aviation units
continuously provide detachments to deploying ships and Marine
expeditionary units, imposing a constant drain of personnel and
equipment.  These deployments depress parent units' reported
readiness.  According to Marine Corps officials, this practice
reflects normal operations.  As a result, SORTS ratings for support
and aviation units are unlikely to reach higher levels.  Also,
officials told us that Marine Corps-wide personnel shortages in
certain occupational specialties have continued to impact support
units' personnel status.  Since the Marine Corps does not have its
own training capability for skilled specialties, it must rely on the
other military services to provide it.  Officials expect that it will
take about another year to resolve this problem for most specialties,
but some, such as those requiring language skills, may take even
longer. 

Marine Corps officials said that U.S.  participation in Bosnia has
not affected the readiness of Marine units.  They explained that
deployed Marines were essentially from the Marine expeditionary unit
that had already planned to deploy in that area.  The officials said
that participation in joint training and exercises while deployed and
the Marine Corps' 6-month rotation cycle policy are factors that
preclude any significant degradation of readiness. 


   SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :7

DOD has over 10,000 units that report readiness status under SORTS. 
We analyzed in detail all readiness data reported since April 1,
1995, for a cross-section of units\4

in each service.  The cross-section focused on 87 of the original 94
units (see footnote number 3) covered in our March 1995 report and 36
units that participated in the Bosnia operation.  The units selected
are not a statistical sample, and the results of our analyses cannot
be projected to the entire service.  The units included in our review
are shown in appendix I. 

The Joint Chiefs of Staff establish the requirements for specific
data that each service must report.  In addition, the Army, the Navy,
and the Air Force identified a number of service-unique indicators
that their units are required to report.  We selected indicators from
this universe that we believe are most relevant to identifying
readiness trends.  In general, these indicators comprised the overall
C-rating for the unit, the C-rating for each of the four measured
resource areas, and data elements that are used to determine the
C-rating in each measured area (see app.  II).  For the selected
units, we graphed the data elements and identified trends.  Where we
noted changes in historical trends or in units that dropped below C-3
for extended periods, we compared the readiness data with operational
scheduling and maintenance data and discussed these conditions with
readiness officers from the respective services. 

With the exception that we did not assess the reliability of SORTS
data provided by the services, our review followed generally accepted
government auditing standards and was conducted from April 1995
through May 1996. 

In oral comments on a draft of our report, DOD agreed with the
information presented.  We are sending copies of this report to the
Chairmen, Senate and House Committees on Appropriations; the
Chairman, Senate Committee on Armed Services; and the Secretaries of
Defense, the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force.  Copies will also be
made available to others upon request. 


Please call me on (202) 512-5140 if you or your staff have any
questions about this report.  The major contributors to this report
are listed in appendix III. 

Sincerely yours,

Mark E.  Gebicke
Director, Military Operations
 and Capabilities Issues


--------------------
\4 For our analysis, we selected the following reporting
organizations:  Navy ships, submarines, and aircraft squadrons;
Marine Corps and Army battalions, support groups, and squadrons; and
Air Force wings and squadrons. 


UNITS INCLUDED IN OUR READINESS
ASSESSMENT
=========================================================== Appendix I

                              Major
Major command  Unit name      equipment           Home station
-------------  -------------  --------------  --  ------------------------------
Air Force
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Air Combat Command
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
96th Wing      28th Bomb      B-1B aircraft       Dyess Air Force Base, Tex.
               Squadron

1st Fighter    71st Air       HC-130P             Patrick Air Force Base, Fla.
Wing           Rescue         aircraft
               Squadron

               27th Fighter   F-15C/D             Langley Air Force Base, Va.
               Squadron       aircraft

2nd Bomb Wing  20th Bomb      B-52H aircraft      Barksdale Air Force Base, La.
               Squadron

355th Wing     354th Fighter  OA-10A              Davis-Monthan Air Force Base,
               Squadron       aircraft            Ariz.

23rd Wing      41st Airlift   C-130E              Pope Air Force Base, N.C.
               Squadron       aircraft


U.S. Air Forces, Europe
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52nd Fighter   23rd Fighter   F-16C aircraft      Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany
Wing           Squadron


Pacific Air Forces
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
18th Wing      961st          E-3B aircraft       Kadena Air Force Base, Japan
               Airborne
               Warning and
               Control
               Squadron

3rd Wing       90th Fighter   F-15E aircraft      Elmendorf Air Force Base,
               Squadron                           Alaska


Air Mobility Command
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               60th Airlift   C-5B aircraft       Travis Air Force Base, Calif.
               Wing

               437th Airlift  C-141B              Charleston Air Force Base,
               Wing           aircraft            S.C.

               22nd Air       KC-135A             McConnell Air Force Base,
               Refueling      aircraft            Kans.
               Wing


Air Force Special Operations Command
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
353rd Special  1st Special    MC-130E             Kadena Air Base, Japan
Operations     Operations     aircraft
Group          Squadron


Air National Guard
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
135th Airlift  104th Fighter  A-10A aircraft      Martin Air National Guard
Group          Squadron                           Station, Md.

172nd Airlift  183rd Airlift  C-141B              Jackson Air National Guard
Group          Squadron       aircraft            Station, Miss.

136th Airlift  181st Airlift  C-130H              Dallas Naval Air Station, Tex.
Wing           Squadron       aircraft

149th Fighter  182nd Fighter  F-16A/B             Kelly Air Force Base, Tex.
Group          Squadron       aircraft


Air Force Reserve
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
914th Airlift  328th Airlift  C-130H              Niagra Falls, N.Y.
Group          Squadron       aircraft

               459th Airlift  C-141B              Andrews Air Force Base, Md.
               Wing           aircraft

442nd Fighter  303rd Fighter  OA-10A              Whiteman Air Force Base, Mo.
Wing           Squadron       aircraft

301st Fighter  457th Fighter  F-16A aircraft      Ft. Worth Naval Air Station,
Wing           Squadron                           Tex.


Army
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3rd Infantry Division (mechanized)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               1st            Bradley             Vilseck, Germany
               Battalion,     fighting
               6th Infantry   vehicles
               Regiment

               3rd            155mm self-         Bamberg, Germany
               Battalion,     propelled
               1st Field      howitzers
               Artillery
               Regiment

               2nd            M1A2 main           Schweinft, Germany
               Battalion,     battle tanks
               64th Armor
               Regiment

               82nd Combat    Combat              Bamberg, Germany
               Engineering    engineer
               Battalion      vehicles;
                              personnel
                              carriers

               703rd Combat   Recovery            Kitzingen, Germany
               Support        vehicles;
               Battalion      medical
                              equipment


4th Infantry Division (mechanized)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               1st            155mm self-         Pocatello, Ida.
               Battalion,     propelled
               148th Field    howitzers
               Artillery
               Regiment

               2nd            M1A1 main           Ft. Carson, Colo.
               Battalion,     battle tanks
               77th Armor
               Regiment

               1st            Armored             Ft. Carson, Colo.
               Battalion,     personnel
               8th Infantry   carriers
               Regiment


24th Infantry Division (mechanized)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               1st            AH64 attack         Hunter Army Airfield, Ga.
               Battalion,     helicopters
               24th Aviation
               Regiment

               4th            155mm self-         Ft. Benning, Ga.
               Battalion,     propelled
               41st Field     howitzers
               Artillery
               Regiment

               1st            M1A1 main           Ft. Stewart, Ga.
               Battalion,     battle tanks
               64th Armor
               Regiment

               2nd            Bradley             Ft. Benning, Ga.
               Battalion,     fighting
               18th Infantry  vehicles;
               Regiment       Dragon anti-
                              tank missiles

               24th Combat    Recovery            Ft. Stewart, Ga.
               Support        vehicles;
               Battalion      personnel
                              carriers

               317th          Combat              Ft. Benning, Ga.
               Engineering    engineer
               Battalion      vehicles;
                              personnel
                              carriers


Army National Guard
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               1st            M1A1 main           Mullins, S.C.
               Battalion,     battle tanks
               263rd Armor
               Regiment

               1st            M1A1 main           Calhoun, Ga.
               Battalion,     battle tanks
               108th Armor
               Regiment

               148th Combat   5,000-gallon        Forsyth, Ga.
               Support        trailers;
               Battalion      10,000-gallon
                              collapsible
                              tanks

               648th          Tank launch         Statesboro, Ga.
               Engineering    recovery
               Battalion      vehicles;
                              combat
                              engineer
                              vehicles


10th Infantry Division (light)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               3rd            Infantry            Ft. Drum, N.Y.
               Battalion,     equipment
               14th Infantry
               Regiment

               3rd            TOW anti-tank       Utica, N.Y.
               Battalion,     missiles
               108th
               Infantry
               Regiment

               2nd            OH58A               Ft. Drum, N.Y.
               Battalion,     helicopters
               25th Aviation
               Regiment

               2nd            105mm towed         Ft. Drum, N.Y.
               Battalion,     howitzers
               7th Field
               Artillery
               Regiment

               10th Combat    Medical             Ft. Drum, N.Y.
               Support        equipment
               Battalion

               41st           Track and           Ft. Drum, N.Y.
               Engineering    wheeled
               Battalion      engineering
                              vehicles


Marine Corps
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1st Marine Air Wing
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Marine Wing    Mobile              Okinawa, Japan
               Support        airfield
               Squadron 172   equipment


2nd Marine Air Wing
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Attack         AV8B aircraft       Cherry Point Marine Corps Air
               Squadron 231                       Station, N.C.

               Electronic     EA6B aircraft       Cherry Point Marine Corps Air
               Countermeasur                      Station, N.C.
               es Squadron 1

               Light Attack   UH1N; AH1W          New River Marine Corps Air
               Helicopter     helicopters         Station, N.C.
               Squadron 269

               Fighter/       F/A18D              Beaufort Marine Corps Air
               Attack         aircraft            Station, S.C.
               (all weather)
               Squadron 533


3rd Marine Air Wing
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Marine Air     Radios; vans        El Toro Marine Corps Air
               Control Group                      Station, Calif.
               38

               Fighter/       F/A18D              Miramar Naval Air Station,
               Attack         aircraft            Calif.
               (all weather)
               Squadron 121

               Attack         AV8B aircraft       Yuma Marine Corps Air Station,
               Squadron 214                       Ariz.


1st Division
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               1st            Infantry            Twenty Nine Palms, Calif.
               Battalion,     equipment
               7th Marine
               Regiment

               1st Light      Light armor         Camp Pendleton, Calif.
               Armor          vehicles
               Reconnaissanc
               e Battalion


2nd Division
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               3rd            Infantry            Camp Lejeune, N.C.
               Battalion,     equipment
               2nd Marine
               Regiment

               1st            Infantry            Camp Lejeune, N.C.
               Battalion,     equipment
               6th Marine
               Regiment

               2nd Light      Light armor         Camp Lejeune, N.C.
               Armor          vehicles
               Reconnaissanc
               e Battalion


2nd Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and
Intelligence Group
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               2nd Radio      Radios              Camp Lejeune, N.C.
               Battalion


3rd Division
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               2nd            Infantry            Kaneohe Bay Marine Corps Air
               Battalion,     equipment           Station, Hawaii
               3rd Marine
               Regiment


U.S. Marine Corps Reserves
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               1st            Infantry            Detroit, Mich.
               Battalion,     equipment
               24th Marine
               Regiment

               4th Combat     Engineer            Baltimore, Md.
               Engineering    equipment
               Battalion


1st Force Service Support Group
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               1st            Repair              Camp Pendleton Calif.
               Maintenance    equipment
               Battalion


2nd Force Service Support Group
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               8th            Engineer            Camp Lejeune, N.C
               Engineering    equipment
               Support
               Battalion


3rd Force Service Support Group
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               3rd Support    Logistics           Okinawa, Japan
               Battalion      support
                              equipment


Navy
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Atlantic Fleet
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               USS Simon      Submarine           La Maddalena, Italy
               Lake           tender

               USS Monterey   Guided missile      Mayport, Fla.
                              cruiser

               USS            Nuclear             Norfolk, Va.
               Eisenhower     aircraft
                              carrier

               USS Connolly   Destroyer           Norfolk, Va.

               USS Nassau     Amphibious          Norfolk, Va.
                              assault ship

               USS Gladiator  Mine counter-       Ingleside, Tex.
                              measures ship

               USS Nebraska   Ballistic           Kings Bay, Ga.
                              missile
                              submarine

               USS Saturn     Combat stores       Norfolk, Va.
                              ship

               Helicopter     CH53E               Norfolk Naval Air Station, Va.
               Support        helicopters
               Squadron 4

               Electronic     EA6B aircraft       Oceana Naval Air Station, Va.
               Warfare
               Squadron 120

               Fighter        F14 aircraft        Oceana Naval Air Station, Va.
               Squadron 102

               Anti-          S3 aircraft         Cecil Field Naval Air Station,
               Submarine                          Fla.
               Squadron 32

               USS America    Conventional        Norfolk, Va.
                              aircraft
                              carrier




Pacific Fleet
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               USS            Fleet oiler         Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
               Willamette

               USS            Combat support      Bremerton, Wash.
               Sacramento     ship

               USS Callaghan  Guided missile      San Diego, Calif.
                              destroyer

               USS Ingraham   Guided missile      Everett, Wash.
                              frigate

               Anti-          SH60F; HH60H        North Island Naval Air
               Submarine      helicopters         Station, Calif.
               Helicopter
               Squadron 14

               USS New        Amphibious          San Diego, Calif.
               Orleans        assault ship

               USS Honolulu   Fast-attack         Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
                              submarine

               Fighter/       F/A18 aircraft      Lemoore Naval Air Station,
               Attack                             Calif.
               Squadron 94

               Tactical       C130; T39; C2       Guam, U.S. territory
               Support        aircraft
               Squadron 50




Units Deployed to Bosnia
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Air Force
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Air Force Special Operations Command
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
352nd Special  67th Special   HC-130              Mildenhall Air Base, England
Operations     Operations     aircraft
Group          Squadron

               21st Special   MH-53J              Mildenhall Air Base, England
               Operations     helicopters
               Squadron

               7th Special    MC-130E             Mildenhall Air Base, England
               Operations     aircraft
               Squadron

               321st Special  Mission             Mildenhall Air Base, England
               Tactics        essential
               Squadron       equipment for
                              combat control
                              and para
                              rescue

               352nd          Mission             Mildenhall Air Base, England
               Operations     essential
               Support        equipment
               Squadron


Army
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

U.S. Army Special Operations Command
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10th Special   1st Battalion  Mission             Stuttgart, Germany
Forces Group                  essential
                              equipment

               2nd Battalion  Mission             Fort Carson, Colo.
                              essential
                              equipment

               3rd Battalion  Mission             Fort Carson, Colo.
                              essential
                              equipment


U.S. Army Civil Affairs and Psychological
Operations Command (Airborne)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               96th Civil     HUMMV wheeled       Fort Bragg, N.C.
               Affairs        vehicles
               Battalion

               432nd Civil    HUMMV wheeled       Green Bay, Wis.
               Affairs        vehicles
               Battalion

               6th            Broadcasting        Fort Bragg, N.C.
               Psychological  and printing
               Operations     equipment
               Battalion


1st Armor Division
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               3rd            Bradley             Kirch Gons, Germany
               Battalion,     fighting
               5th Infantry   vehicles
               Regiment

               1st            155MM self-         Kirch Gons, Germany
               Battalion,     propelled
               3rd Field      howitzers
               Artillery
               Regiment

               Troop B, 1st   M1-A1 main          Budingen, Germany
               Squadron, 1st  battle tanks
               Armor Cavalry
               Regiment

               23rd Engineer  Combat              Friedberg, Germany
               Battalion      engineering
                              vehicles;
                              personnel
                              carriers

               2nd            AH64 attack         Hanau, Germany
               Battalion,     helicopters
               227th
               Aviation
               Regiment

               141st Signal   Communication       Bad Kreuznach, Germany
               Battalion      equipment

               4th            Bradley             Baumholder, Germany
               Battalion,     Fighting
               12th Infantry  Vehicles;
               Regiment       armored
                              personnel
                              carriers

               2nd            M1-A1 main          Baumholder, Germany
               Battalion,     battle tanks
               68th Armor
               Regiment

               123rd Combat   Trucks and          Dexheim, Germany
               Support        transportation
               Battalion      equipment

               7th            OH58C and UH60      Hanau, Germany
               Battalion,     helicopters
               227th
               Aviation
               Regiment

               2nd            155MM self-         Baumholder, Germany
               Battalion,     propelled
               29th Field     howitzers
               Artillery
               Regiment


3rd Mechanized Infantry Division
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Troop A, 4th   M1-A1 main          Schweinfurt, Germany
               Armor Cavalry  battle tanks
               Squadron


V Corps
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               94th Engineer  Combat              Vilseck, Germany
               Battalion      engineering
                              vehicles;
                              personnel
                              carriers

               38th Engineer  Combat              Hanau, Germany
               Battalion      engineering
                              and bridge
                              equipment

               67th Medical   Combat              Wurzburg, Germany
               Battalion,     hospital
               Combat         equipment
               Support
               Hospital

               793rd          HUMMV wheeled       Bamberg, Germany
               Military       vehicles;
               Police         military
               Battalion      police
                              equipment

               440th Signal   Communication       Darmstadt, Germany
               Battalion      equipment

               377th Truck    Trucks and          Mannheim, Germany
               Company        transportation
                              equipment

               515th Truck    Trucks and          Mannheim, Germany
               Company        transportation
                              equipment


Southern Europe Task Force
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               1st            Light infantry      Vicenza, Italy
               Battalion,     weapons
               508th
               Infantry
               Regiment


21st Logistics Command
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               20th Ordnance  Ordnance            Kaiserslautern, Germany
               Disposal       disposal
               Detachment     equipment

               70th Truck     Trucks and          Kaposvar, Hungary
               Company        transportation
                              equipment


52nd Ordnance Group
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               41st Ordnance  Ordnance            Ft. Bliss, Texas
               Disposal       disposal
               Detachment     equipment

               546th          Ordnance            Ft. Sam Houston, Texas
               Ordnance       disposal
               Disposal       equipment
               Detachment


U.S. Army Information
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               44th Signal    Communication       Sullivan Barracks, Germany
               Battalion      equipment
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

READINESS INDICATORS INCLUDED IN
OUR ANALYSIS
========================================================== Appendix II


   AIR FORCE
-------------------------------------------------------- Appendix II:1


      AIR FORCE STATUS OF
      RESOURCES AND TRAINING
      SYSTEM (SORTS) DATA
------------------------------------------------------ Appendix II:1.1

  -- Overall C-rating

  -- Personnel C-rating

  -- Equipment and supplies on-hand C-rating

  -- Major equipment condition C-rating

  -- Training C-rating


      AIR FORCE-UNIQUE INDICATORS
------------------------------------------------------ Appendix II:1.2

  -- Percentage of authorized personnel available

  -- Percentage of critical authorized personnel available

  -- Percentage of authorized crews formed, mission-ready, and
     available

  -- Percentage of authorized combat-essential equipment and supplies
     on hand

  -- Percentage of authorized support equipment and supplies on hand

  -- Percentage of possessed combat-essential equipment mission-ready
     and available within unit's response time

  -- Percentage of possessed support equipment mission-ready and
     available within unit's response time


      OUR CALCULATIONS USING AIR
      FORCE SORTS DATA
------------------------------------------------------ Appendix II:1.3

  -- Percentage of total authorized personnel assigned

  -- Percentage of total authorized critical personnel assigned

  -- Percentage of total authorized crews formed, mission-ready, and
     available

  -- Percentage of total authorized crews formed from assigned
     individual personnel

  -- Percentage of authorized combat-essential equipment assigned

  -- Percentage of authorized combat-essential equipment on hand

  -- Percentage of authorized combat-essential equipment
     mission-ready and available

  -- Percentage of assigned combat-essential equipment mission-ready
     and available

  -- Percentage of possessed combat-essential equipment mission-ready
     and available


   ARMY
-------------------------------------------------------- Appendix II:2


      ARMY SORTS DATA
------------------------------------------------------ Appendix II:2.1

  -- Overall C-rating

  -- Personnel C-rating

  -- Equipment and supplies on-hand C-rating

  -- Major equipment condition C-rating

  -- Training C-rating

  -- Assigned personnel ratings

  -- Percentage of total authorized personnel assigned

  -- Available personnel rating

  -- Percentage of total authorized personnel available

  -- Percentage of total senior grade authorized personnel available

  -- Military occupational specialty (MOS) qualified personnel
     ratings

  -- Percentage of total authorized personnel MOS qualified

  -- Senior grade personnel ratings

  -- Percentage of personnel turnover

  -- Pacing items fill rating

  -- Condition rating for all on-hand equipment items

  -- Percentage of all on-hand equipment that are mission-capable

  -- Condition rating for all on-hand pacing items

  -- Percentage of on-hand pacing equipment items that are
     mission-capable

  -- Training days required to achieve C-1


      OUR CALCULATIONS USING ARMY
      SORTS DATA
------------------------------------------------------ Appendix II:2.2

  -- Percentage of equipment and supplies on hand


      MARINE CORPS AND NAVY
------------------------------------------------------ Appendix II:2.3

  -- Overall C-rating

  -- Personnel C-rating

  -- Equipment and supplies on-hand C-rating

  -- Major equipment condition C-rating

  -- Training C-rating

  -- Our calculated percentage of total authorized crews mission
     ready (Marine Corps only)


MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS REPORT
========================================================= Appendix III

NATIONAL SECURITY AND
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS DIVISION,
WASHINGTON, D.C. 

Sharon A.  Cekala
Charles Bonanno

NORFOLK REGIONAL OFFICE

Ray S.  Carroll, Jr.
James Lewis
James Mahaffey
Lester L.  Ward


*** End of document. ***