Defense Research and Development: Affiliations of Fiscal Year 1993
Trustees for Federally Funded Centers (Letter Report, 07/26/95,
GAO/NSIAD-95-135).

Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO provided information on the
boards of trustees at the Department of Defense's (DOD) federally funded
research and development centers (FFRDC), focusing on: (1) how trustees
are elected to each board; (2) FFRDC trustees and officers who left in
fiscal year (FY) 1993 to take executive positions in the federal
government; (3) trustees' representation on the Defense Science Board
(DSB); (4) retired command-level officers on FFRDC boards; (5) trustees
sitting on more than one FFRDC board; (6) trustees affiliated with
non-DOD FFRDC; and (7) individual trustees' FY 1993 and prior
affiliations with FFRDC, universities, private sector firms, the federal
government, and the military.

GAO found that: (1) 6 of the DOD FFRDC boards are elected and 2 of the
boards are appointed by their respective management organizations for
various terms; (2) the 6 nonuniversity boards provide FFRDC with
guidance and overall management direction, while the university FFRDC
boards only provide advice and recommendations to the university
management; (3) in FY 1993, 8 trustees and officers left the DOD FFRDC
boards to take federal government executive-level positions; (4) 16
trustees sat on more than 1 DOD FFRDC board, 13 trustees sat on the 1993
DSB, and 12 trustees had nonDOD FFRDC affiliations in FY 1993; (5) 21
retired officers sat on the DOD FFRDC boards and constituted 15 percent
of those boards' total membership; (6) there were over 1,200 total
trustee affiliations for FY 1993; and (7) total affiliations for
individual DOD FFRDC boards ranged from 50 to over 300 and total
affiliations for individual trustees ranged from 1 to 26.

--------------------------- Indexing Terms -----------------------------

 REPORTNUM:  NSIAD-95-135
     TITLE:  Defense Research and Development: Affiliations of Fiscal 
             Year 1993 Trustees for Federally Funded Centers
      DATE:  07/26/95
   SUBJECT:  Advisory committees
             Research and development
             Defense operations
             Non-government enterprises
             Colleges/universities
             Non-profit organizations
             Retired military personnel
             Military research
             Research programs

             
**************************************************************************
* This file contains an ASCII representation of the text of a GAO        *
* report.  Delineations within the text indicating chapter titles,       *
* headings, and bullets are preserved.  Major divisions and subdivisions *
* of the text, such as Chapters, Sections, and Appendixes, are           *
* identified by double and single lines.  The numbers on the right end   *
* of these lines indicate the position of each of the subsections in the *
* document outline.  These numbers do NOT correspond with the page       *
* numbers of the printed product.                                        *
*                                                                        *
* No attempt has been made to display graphic images, although figure    *
* captions are reproduced. Tables are included, but may not resemble     *
* those in the printed version.                                          *
*                                                                        *
* A printed copy of this report may be obtained from the GAO Document    *
* Distribution Facility by calling (202) 512-6000, by faxing your        *
* request to (301) 258-4066, or by writing to P.O. Box 6015,             *
* Gaithersburg, MD 20884-6015. We are unable to accept electronic orders *
* for printed documents at this time.                                    *
**************************************************************************


Cover
================================================================ COVER


Report to the Chairman and Ranking Minority Member, Subcommittee on
Defense, Committee on Appropriations, U.S.  Senate

July 1995

DEFENSE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT -
AFFILIATIONS OF FISCAL YEAR 1993
TRUSTEES FOR FEDERALLY FUNDED
CENTERS

GAO/NSIAD-95-135

Defense Research and Development


Abbreviations
=============================================================== ABBREV

  ASP - Aerospace Corporation
  CEO - chief executive officer
  CNA - CNA Corporation
  DOD - Department of Defense
  DSB - Defense Science Board
  FAA - Federal Aviation Administration
  FFRDC - Federally Funded Research and Development Center
  IDA - Institute for Defense Analysis
  LLB - Lincoln Laboratories
  LMI - Logistics Management Institute
  MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  MTR - MITRE Corporation
  NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization
  R&D - Research and Development
  RND - Rand Corporation
  SEI - Software Engineering Institute

Letter
=============================================================== LETTER


B-259058

July 26, 1995

The Honorable Ted Stevens
Chairman
The Honorable Daniel K.  Inouye
Ranking Minority Member
Subcommittee on Defense
Committee on Appropriations
United States Senate

This report responds to your request that we provide information on
the boards of trustees who served in fiscal year 1993 at the
Department of Defense (DOD) Federally Funded Research and Development
Centers (FFRDC).  Specifically, we are providing information on (1)
how trustees are elected to each board; (2) FFRDC trustees and
officers who left in fiscal year 1993 to take executive positions in
the federal government; (3) trustees' representation on the Defense
Science Board (DSB); (4) retired command-level officers on the FFRDC
boards; (5) trustees sitting on more than one FFRDC board, and
affiliated with non-DOD FFRDCs; and (6) the fiscal year 1993 and
prior affiliations by FFRDC and by individual trustees, and the
trustees having the most individual affiliations (with FFRDCs,
universities, private sector firms, the federal government, and the
military).  We plan to separately provide you with information on the
fiscal year 1993 costs and stipends associated with these trustees
and other DOD FFRDC management advisory personnel. 


   BACKGROUND
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :1

The FFRDCs were established during World War II to meet special
research needs that federal and private sector facilities could not
provide.  The number of FFRDCs has varied over the years, but in
fiscal year 1993 there were 39,\1 10 sponsored by DOD--the Aerospace
Corporation (ASP), the CNA Corporation (CNA), the Institute for
Defense Analyses (IDA), the Lincoln Laboratories (LLB), the Logistics
Management Institute (LMI), the MITRE Corporation (MTR), the Rand
Corporation (RND),\2 and the Software Engineering Institute (SEI). 
Each FFRDC is managed by a private sector nonprofit company or
university, and funded primarily through a renewable sole-source
contract with a maximum 5-year term.  The 8 boards of trustees\3 for
the 10 DOD FFRDCs had 158 fiscal year 1993 members, but only 141
individual members, as some trustees sat on more than 1 board.  In
fiscal year 1993, Congress appropriated about $1.4 billion for the
DOD FFRDCs. 


--------------------
\1 Of 29 non-DOD FFRDCs, 19 are managed by the Department of Energy,
6 by the National Science Foundation, and 1 each by the Federal
Aviation Administration, the Internal Revenue Service, the National
Institutes of Health, and the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration. 

\2 RND's one board of trustees manages its three FFRDCs--the Arroyo
Center for the Army, Project Air Force, and the National Defense
Research Institute for DOD. 

\3 To simplify discussion, all DOD FFRDC board members are called
"trustees" in this report. 


   RESULTS IN BRIEF
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :2

Six FFRDC boards of trustees are elected, while two (LLB and SEI) are
appointed by the provost of the university that manages
them--Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Carnegie Mellon
University, respectively.  RND has 5-year terms, with a 2-consecutive
term limit until age 72; MTR has 3-year terms, with a 2-term limit
until age 72; ASP has 3-year terms, with a 3-consecutive term limit;
SEI has 4-year terms, with a 2-term limit; CNA has 3-year terms, with
a 2-consecutive term limit; IDA has 3-year terms with no term limits;
LMI has 1-year terms with no term limits; and LLB trustee
appointments are for unlimited terms.  The six nonuniversity boards
provide their FFRDCs guidance and overall management direction, while
the LLB and SEI boards only provide advice and recommendations for
FFRDC activities to their respective university boards. 

In fiscal year 1993, there were eight trustees and officers who left
the DOD FFRDCs to take executive-level positions in the federal
government.  (See app.  I.)

In fiscal year 1993, 16 trustees sat on more than 1 DOD FFRDC board
(15 sat on 2 and 1 on 3), 13 sat on the 1993 DSB (representing 21
percent of its total membership), and 12 had non-DOD FFRDC
affiliations.  The 21 retired admirals and generals that sat on the
DOD FFRDC boards represented 15 percent of the total fiscal year 1993
board memberships.  (See app.  II.)

There were over 1,200 (over 700 fiscal year 1993 and over 400 prior)
trustee affiliations, with the total affiliations for individual DOD
FFRDCs ranging from about 50 to over 300.  Total affiliations for
individual trustees ranged from 1 to 26.  (See app.  III.)

The detailed affiliation information for all the current fiscal year
1993 and prior affiliations of each individual trustee on each DOD
FFRDC board are listed alphabetically in appendix IV. 


   SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :3

We obtained from each DOD FFRDC a list of trustees and short
biography for each individual.  We added to this list the
affiliations found in the 1994 Who's Who in America, and in the
46,000 private sector companies' key personnel listed by Standard and
Poor's and Compact Disclosure.  We believe that these sources
provided us a listing of affiliations sufficient to give the
Subcommittee extensive, but not necessarily complete, information. 
We further limited the affiliations listed to those with (1) other
DOD and non-DOD FFRDCs; (2) private sector companies (executive-level
positions only), including those companies having the most fiscal
year 1993 DOD prime contracts; (3) universities, including those
having the most fiscal year 1992 and 1993 DOD research and
development funding; (4) the federal government; and (5) command
positions in the armed services.  Our work was done from November
1994 through July 1995. 

As agreed with your staff, we did not obtain formal written agency
comments; however, we did discuss the information presented in this
report with DOD officials, and revised the text where appropriate. 
The affiliations we list were also sent to each trustee for
verification, and adjusted as instructed by those trustees that
provided changes. 


---------------------------------------------------------- Letter :3.1

Unless you publicly announce the contents of this report earlier, we
plan no further distribution until 30 days from its issue date.  At
that time, we will send copies to the Secretaries of Defense, the
Army, the Navy, and the Air Force; the Director, Office of Management
and Budget; other congressional committees and subcommittees; and
each of the DOD FFRDCs.  We will also make copies available to others
on request. 

If you or your staff have any questions about the information
presented in this report, please contact me on (202) 512-4587.  The
major contributors to this report are listed in appendix V. 

David E.  Cooper
Director, Acquisition Policy, Technology,
 and Competitiveness Issues


FFRDC OFFICIALS WHO LEFT IN FISCAL
YEAR 1993 TO TAKE EXECUTIVE-LEVEL
POSITIONS IN THE FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT
=========================================================== Appendix I

Name           Position left    Date left    Position taken
-------------  -------------  -------------  ---------------
Dr. Ashton     MTR--trustee       6/93       Assistant
Carter                                       Secretary of
                                             Defense for
                                             International
                                             Security Policy

John Deutch    MTR--advisor       3/93       Deputy
               to board                      Secretary of
                                             Defense

Dr. Anita      MTR--trustee       5/93       Director,
Jones                                        Defense
                                             Research and
                                             Engineering

John Knubel    LMI--vice          10/92      Senior
               president                     Assistant to
                                             the Chief
                                             Financial
                                             Officer,
                                             Nuclear
                                             Regulatory
                                             Commission

Walter         RND--trustee       9/93       Ambassador to
Mondale                                      Japan

Dr. William    MTR--advisor       3/93       Secretary of
Perry          to board                      Defense

Walter         LLB--trustee       8/93       Principal
Slocombe                                     Deputy Under
                                             Secretary of
                                             Defense for
                                             Policy

Dr. Sheila     LLB--trustee       8/93       Secretary of
Widnall                                      the Air Force
------------------------------------------------------------

TRUSTEE FISCAL YEAR 1993 SUMMARIES
CONCERNING SEATS ON VARIOUS BOARDS
AND PRIOR MILITARY SERVICE
========================================================== Appendix II



                          Table II.1
           
            Trustees Sitting on More Than One DOD
                         FFRDC Board

Name           FFRDC          Name           FFRDC
-------------  -------------  -------------  ---------------
Dr. P. Pierre  ASP, CNA, LLB  Gen. B.        IDA, LMI
                              Rogers

Dr. C. Baird   CNA, LMI       Dr. J. Ruina   LLB, MTR

Dr. J.         CNA, IDA       Dr. J. Shea    ASP, LLB
Borsting

Dr. R. Davis   ASP, IDA       Gen. L.        ASP, LMI
                              Skantze

Gen. R.        ASP, IDA       Dr. A.         ASP, RND
Dougherty                     Wheelon

R. Everett     LLB, MTR       Dr. S.         ASP, LLB
                              Widnall

Dr. J. Fox     ASP, LMI       C. Zraket      CNA, MTR

Gen. R. Marsh  MTR, SEI       Dr. C. Zwick   ASP, RND
------------------------------------------------------------
Note:  ASP had the most--nine--board members sitting on other boards;
LLB had five; CNA, IDA, LMI and MTR all had four; RND had two; and
SEI one. 



                          Table II.2
           
           Trustees Sitting on the Fiscal Year 1993
                    Defense Science Board

                                                FFRDC
Name                                            represented
----------------------------------------------  ------------
E. Aldridge, Jr.                                ASP

Dr. P. Pierre                                   ASP, CNA,
                                                LLB

Dr. J. Shea                                     ASP, LLB

Gen. R. Dougherty                               ASP, IDA

Dr. J. Welch                                    LLB

R. Everett                                      LLB, MTR

Gen. B. Randolph                                LLB

G. Whitesides                                   LLB

J. Foster, Jr.                                  LMI

Dr. A. Carter                                   MTR

Dr. G. Heilmeier                                MTR

Dr. A. Jones                                    MTR

S. Buchsbaum                                    RND
------------------------------------------------------------
Note:  The 13 DOD FFRDC trustees represent 21 percent of the fiscal
year 1993 Defense Science Board membership.  There were also four
fiscal year 1993 consultants to the DSB and five past members. 



                          Table II.3
           
           DOD FFRDC Trustees Affiliated With Non-
            DOD FFRDCs During Fiscal Year 1993 and
                         Prior Years

Name                Affiliation         Non-DOD FFRDC
------------------  ------------------  --------------------
Dr. A. Carter, MTR  Research Associate  Brookhaven National
                                        Lab, Fermi National
                                        Accelerator Lab

J. Foster Jr., LMI  Director            Lawrence Livermore
                                        National Lab

A. Kerman, LLB      Consultant          Argonne, Brookhaven,
                                        Lawrence Berkeley,
                                        Lawrence Livermore,
                                        Los Alamos, and Oak
                                        Ridge National Labs

Dr. E. Martin, SEI  Member, Advisory    Los Alamos National
                    Committee           Lab

Dr. J. Palms, IDA   Member, Advisory    Oak Ridge and
                    Committee,          Los Alamos National
                    Member              Labs

Dr. P. Pierre,      Member, Advisory    Los Alamos National
ASP,CNA,LLB         Board               Lab

Dr. W. Press, IDA   Consultant          Lawrence Livermore
                                        and Los Alamos
                                        National Labs

Dr. B. Richter,     Director            Stanford Linear
LLB                                     Accelerator Center

Dr. A. Sage, CNA    Consultant          Battelle Memorial
                                        Institute

R. Shannon, ASP     Consultant          Lawrence Livermore
                                        National Lab, Idaho
                                        National Engineering
                                        Lab

Dr. H. Shull, IDA   Trustee             Fermi National Lab

Gen. L. Welch, IDA  Member, Advisory    Lawrence Livermore
                    Committee           National Lab
------------------------------------------------------------



                          Table II.4
           
           Retired Generals and Admirals Sitting on
              Fiscal Year 1993 DOD FFRDC Boards

Generals
--------------------------------------------  --------------
Robert Barrow                                 Bernard Rogers

Russell Dougherty                             Alan Salisbury

Alexander Haig, Jr.                           Brent
                                              Scowcroft

Robert Herres                                 Lawrence
                                              Skantze

Robert Marsh                                  William Smith

Edward Meyer                                  William Tuttle

Robert Pursley                                Larry Welch

Bernard Randolph

Admirals

Albert Baciocco, Jr.                          George Kinnear
                                              II

Huntington Hardisty                           Robert Long

Bobby Inman                                   Harry Train II
------------------------------------------------------------
Note:  These 21 retired officers represent 15 percent of the total
141 DOD FFRDC trustees in fiscal year 1993. 


TRUSTEE FISCAL YEAR 1993 SUMMARIES
CONCERNING DOD AND OTHER
AFFILIATIONS
========================================================= Appendix III



                         Table III.1
           
             Total, Current Fiscal Year 1993, and
             Past Affiliations for All DOD FFRDC
                           Trustees

                         Truste  Fiscal year
FFRDC                         e         1993    Past   Total
-----------------------  ------  -----------  ------  ------
ASP                          22          120      85     205
CNA                          29          199     126     325
IDA                          20           98      65     163
LLB                          17           91      56     147
LMI                          18           64      40     104
MTR                          21          154      89     243
RND                          22          131      63     194
SEI                           9           41      14      55
Subtotal                    158          898     538   1,436
Less multiple counts\a       17          128      69     197
============================================================
Total                       141          770     469   1,239
------------------------------------------------------------
\a There were 15 trustees sitting on 2 DOD FFRDC boards, and 1
sitting on 3 boards.  This adjustment to overall totals deletes the
15 double and 1 triple count of affiliations caused by the multiple
board seats. 



                         Table III.2
           
            Number of Affiliations for the 141 DOD
                        FFRDC Trustees

                                           Number of  Percen
Trustee affiliation                         trustees       t
--------------------------------------  ------------  ------
1 to 5                                            38      27
6 to 10                                           59      42
11 to 15                                          34      24
16 to 26                                          10       7
------------------------------------------------------------


                         Table III.3
           
            Individual Trustees With the Greatest
                    Number of Affiliations

                                 Fiscal year
Trustee                 FFRDC           1993    Past   Total
----------------------  ------  ------------  ------  ------
Albritton, Joe          MTR               25       1      26
Byrom, Fletcher         CNA               21       5      26
Davis, Dr. Ruth         ASP,ID            17       7      24
                         A
Haig, A. Jr.            CNA               10      13      23
Rice, Lois              CNA               12      11      23
Brown, Dr. Harold       RND               13       7      20
Palms, Dr. John         IDA                7      11      18
Evans, Daniel           CNA               14       2      16
Inman, Bobby            CNA                9       7      16
Rumsfeld, Donald        RND               12       4      16
------------------------------------------------------------
Note:  For the above trustees' specific affiliations, see appendix
IV. 



                         Table III.4
           
           Total DOD FFRDC Affiliations by Category

                        Tota  AS  CN  ID  LL  LM  MT  RN  SE
Category                   l   P   A   A   B   I   R   D   I
----------------------  ----  --  --  --  --  --  --  --  --
DOD                      220  32  40  30  27  24  31  25  11
 FFRDC
Non-DOD FFRDC             23   3   2   6   8   1   2   0   1
University                84  12  31  10  12   4   7   7   1
University with DOD      126  17  31  12  15   1  32  15   3
 R&D\a
Private sector           528  70  14  55  23  41  91  88  19
                                   4
Private sector with       83  14  13   6  10  10  14   9   7
 DOD
Federal government       132  18  20   9  24   3  31  24   3
Military                 201  37  36  29  26  18  30  15  10
Other                     39   5   8   6   2   2   5  11   0
============================================================
Total\b                 1,43  20  32  16  14  10  24  19  55
                           6   5   5   3   7   4   3   4
------------------------------------------------------------
\a Research and development (R&D).  \b There are 197 duplicate
affililiations resulting from trustees sitting on more than 1 board. 
Therefore, there are only 1,239 total individual affiliations. 



                         Table III.5
           
              Current Fiscal Year 1993 DOD FFRDC
                   Affiliations by Category

                        Tota  AS  CN  ID  LL  LM  MT  RN  SE
Category                   l   P   A   A   B   I   R   D   I
----------------------  ----  --  --  --  --  --  --  --  --
DOD                      196  32  34  26  24  21  25  24  10
 FFRDC
Non-DOD FFRDC             10   2   1   1   5   0   0   0   1
University                49   7  18   6   5   4   3   5   1
University with DOD       77  10  19   7   9   1  20   9   2
 R&D
Private sector           396  45  97  43  19  32  73  71  16
Private sector with       51   8   7   5   5   4   9   8   5
 DOD
Federal government        27   2   6   0   7   0   8   2   2
Military                  64  10  11   7  15   1  12   4   4
Other                     28   4   6   3   2   1   4   8   0
============================================================
Total\a                  898  12  19  98  91  64  15  13  41
                               0   9               4   1
------------------------------------------------------------
\a There are 128 duplicate affililiations resulting from trustees
sitting on more than 1 board.  Therefore, there are only 770 current
fiscal year 1993 individual affiliations. 



                         Table III.6
           
           Past DOD FFRDC Affiliations by Category

                        Tota  AS  CN  ID  LL  LM  MT  RN  SE
Category                   l   P   A   A   B   I   R   D   I
----------------------  ----  --  --  --  --  --  --  --  --
DOD                       24   0   6   4   3   3   6   1   1
 FFRDC
Non-DOD FFRDC             13   1   1   5   3   1   2   0   0
University                35   5  13   4   7   0   4   2   0
University with DOD       49   7  12   5   6   0  12   6   1
 R&D
Private sector           132  22  47  12   4   9  18  17   3
Private sector with       32   6   6   1   5   6   5   1   2
 DOD
Federal government       105  16  14   9  17   3  23  22   1
Military                 137  27  25  22  11  17  18  11   6
Other                     11   1   2   3   0   1   1   3   0
============================================================
Total\a                  538  85  12  65  56  40  89  63  14
                                   6
------------------------------------------------------------
\a There are 69 duplicate affiliations resulting from trustees
sitting on more than 1 board.  Therefore, there are only 469 past
individual affiliations. 


TRUSTEE FISCAL YEAR 1993
AFFILIATIONS BY CATEGORY
========================================================== Appendix IV

INTRODUCTION

Included in this appendix are the current fiscal year 1993 and prior
years' affiliations for each of the 141 DOD FFRDC trustees at the (1)
ASP, (2) CNA, (3) IDA, (4) LLB, (5) LMI, (6) MTR, (7) RND, and (8)
SEI. 

The affiliations listed were taken from the biographies provided by
each DOD FFRDC, the 1994 Who's Who in America, and the Standard &
Poor's and Compact Disclosure data bases on 46,000 private sector
companies' key personnel.  The affiliations shown were also limited
to those associated with (1) DOD and non-DOD FFRDCs; (2) private
sector firms, including those receiving the most fiscal year 1993 DOD
prime contracts; (3) universities, including those receiving the most
fiscal year 1992 and 1993 DOD research and development funds; (4) the
federal government; (5) command positions in the armed services; and
(6) other relevant affiliations.  Individual lists of affiliations
were sent to each trustee for verification, and the data corrected as
indicated by their replies.  For each trustee, all current fiscal
year 1993 affiliations are shown first (in bold type), followed by
all the prior years' affiliations. 



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)



   (See figure in printed
   edition.)


MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS REPORT
=========================================================== Appendix V

NATIONAL SECURITY AND
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS DIVISION,
WASHINGTON, D.C. 

Charles F.  Rey, Assistant Director
Marilyn Mauch, Assistant Director
Roy B.  Karadbil, Evaluator-in-Charge
Charles W.  Malphurs, Evaluator-in-Charge
Jai E.  Lee, Senior Computer Specialist
Shirley B.  Johnson, Evaluator
Stacy Edwards, Evaluator

