Higher Education: Selected Information on Student Financial Aid Received
By Legal Immigrants (Letter Report, 11/24/95, GAO/HEHS-96-7).

According to records at the Education Department, about 390,000 legal
immigrant students received Pell grant aid in academic year 1992-93.
This was about 10 percent of all students receiving Pell grants. In
total, immigrants received $662 million, or about 11 percent, of Pell
grant aid in that year. GAO was unable to determine the total number of
legal immigrants who received Stafford loans because citizenship data
are not maintained in the Education Department's loan files. Some
immigrants who received Pell grants, however, also received Stafford
loans totalling $257 million. About 82 percent of the immigrants who
received student aid lived in seven states, led by California and New
York. Sixty-one percent attended public colleges, 19 percent attended
private colleges, and 21 percent attended for-profit vocational schools.
The 100 schools with the most immigrant Pell grant recipients accounted
for about half of all such students, and 91 percent of these schools
were located in the seven states with the highest concentration of
immigrant students.

--------------------------- Indexing Terms -----------------------------

 REPORTNUM:  HEHS-96-7
     TITLE:  Higher Education: Selected Information on Student Financial 
             Aid Received By Legal Immigrants
      DATE:  11/24/95
   SUBJECT:  Student financial aid
             Immigrants
             Proposed legislation
             Colleges/universities
             Higher education
             Cost control
             Educational grants
             Student loans
             Resident aliens
IDENTIFIER:  Pell Grant
             Dept. of Education Stafford Student Loan Program
             Personal Responsibility Act of 1995
             California
             Florida
             Illinois
             Massachusetts
             New Jersey
             New York
             Texas
             
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Cover
================================================================ COVER


Report to Congressional Requesters

November 1995

HIGHER EDUCATION - SELECTED
INFORMATION ON STUDENT FINANCIAL
AID RECEIVED BY LEGAL IMMIGRANTS

GAO/HEHS-96-7

Student Aid to Immigrants

(104820)


Abbreviations
=============================================================== ABBREV

  IDS - Institutional Data System
  INS - Immigration and Naturalization Service

Letter
=============================================================== LETTER


B-266308

November 24, 1995

The Honorable Edward M.  Kennedy
Ranking Minority Member
Committee on Labor and Human Resources
United States Senate

The Honorable Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
House of Representatives

Over the past year, the Congress has considered a variety of
proposals to reform the nation's welfare system.  At least two of
these proposals would restrict legal immigrants'\1

eligibility for any federal means-tested public benefits programs,
including student financial aid programs at colleges, universities,
and other postsecondary schools.\2

To assist you in evaluating the effects of such proposals, you asked
us to gather information on (1) the number of legal immigrants that
received student financial aid and the amount of aid they received,
(2) the states in which they lived, and (3) the types of schools they
attended. 

To develop this information, we focused our work on Pell grants and
Stafford loans, which together accounted for about 85 percent of
federal aid to students at postsecondary institutions under title IV
of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, during academic year
1992-93.  We analyzed Department of Education recipient files for
academic year 1992-93, the most recent year for which complete data
were available.  We performed our work between April and October 1995
in accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards. 
(See app.  I for details of our scope and methodology.)


--------------------
\1 "Legal immigrant" is a term used to refer to lawful, permanent
residents of the United States or other legally admitted immigrants
under certain other U.S.  Immigration and Naturalization Service
(INS) designations. 

\2 One proposal would require that the income and resources of
immigrant students include that of their sponsors.  Another proposal
would limit eligibility to those who had also fulfilled certain
residency requirements and filed a naturalization application, or who
were veterans or on active military duty. 


   RESULTS IN BRIEF
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :1

According to Department of Education records, about 390,000 legal
immigrant students received Pell grant aid in academic year 1992-93. 
This was about 10 percent of all students receiving Pell grants.  In
total, immigrants received $662 million, or about 11 percent, of Pell
grant aid in that year.  We were unable to determine the total number
of legal immigrants who received Stafford loans because citizenship
data are not maintained in the Department of Education's loan files. 
However, some immigrants who received Pell grants also received
Stafford loans that totaled $257 million. 

About 82 percent of the immigrants who received student financial aid
lived in seven states, led by California with 31 percent and New York
with 25 percent.  Sixty-one percent attended public colleges, 19
percent attended private colleges, and 21 percent attended
proprietary (for-profit vocational) schools.  The 100 schools with
the most immigrant Pell grant recipients accounted for about 50
percent of all such students, and 91 of these schools were located in
the seven states with the highest concentration of immigrant
students. 


   BACKGROUND
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :2

Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, provides an
array of student financial aid programs, including grants, loans, and
work-study support, to students pursuing a postsecondary education. 
Legal immigrants may receive aid through some or all of these
programs, depending on the cost of the education they are obtaining
and the size of their family income.  By far, the two largest
programs are Pell grants and Stafford loans. 

  -- Pell grants, available only to undergraduate students, are
     designed to help the neediest students and are the first source
     of title IV aid.  A student must apply for a Pell grant to
     ascertain Pell eligibility before student financial aid from
     other programs can be determined.  Grants need not be repaid,
     and the maximum Pell grant award amount in academic year 1992-93
     was $2,400. 

  -- Stafford loans are available to undergraduate and graduate
     students.  Stafford loans may be either government subsidized or
     unsubsidized, depending on the results of the student's means
     test.  For subsidized loans, the federal government pays the
     interest on the loan while the student is in school.  The
     student repays the principal and interest on both kinds of
     Stafford loans after leaving school.  In addition, the
     government also guarantees both kinds of Stafford loans if the
     borrower defaults.\3

To be eligible for federal student aid, a student must be either a
U.S.  citizen or an "eligible noncitizen." Legal immigrants are
included in the definition of eligible noncitizens.  More
specifically, the Department of Education groups noncitizens into
three categories: 

  -- lawful permanent residents (who have an Alien Registration
     Receipt Card);

  -- U.S.  nationals (natives of American Samoa or Swain's Island);
     and

  -- holders of an Arrival-Departure Record from the INS showing one
     of the following designations:  refugee, asylum granted,
     indefinite parole and/or humanitarian parole, Cuban-Haitian
     entrant with status pending, conditional entrant (if issued
     before April 1, 1980), or other eligible noncitizen with a
     Temporary Resident Card. 

Permanent residents of the Republic of Palau may be eligible for all
federal student financial aid.  However, citizens of the Federated
States of Micronesia and the Republic of the Marshall Islands are
eligible for Pell grants but not for Stafford loans.  Holders of
foreign-student or exchange-visitor visas and those with visas
pertaining to international organizations are ineligible to receive
federal student aid. 

The current congressional debate about reforming the welfare system
involves H.R.  4, the proposed Personal Responsibility Act of 1995,
which was introduced in March 1995.  If enacted, it would restrict
legal immigrants' eligibility for any federal means-tested public
benefits program, such as title IV financial aid programs.  The
proposed law would require that the income of the sponsor\4 and the
income of the spouse of an immigrant who meets one of these criteria
be included in determining the eligibility of students for program
benefits. 


--------------------
\3 The maximum loan amount varies and depends, in part, on the number
of academic years a student has completed.  However, the maximum
amount of Stafford loans that individual undergraduates and graduates
could have outstanding for academic year 1992-93 was $17,250 and
$54,750, respectively. 

\4 Some legal immigrants are admitted into the country under the
financial sponsorship of a U.S.  resident. 


   IMMIGRANTS WERE 10 PERCENT OF
   ALL PELL GRANT RECIPIENTS, AND
   MANY ALSO RECEIVED STAFFORD
   LOANS
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :3

Legal immigrants constituted about 10 percent of the 4 million Pell
grant recipients in academic year 1992-93 (see fig.  1), and they
received about 11 percent ($662 million) of the total Pell grant aid
($6.2 billion) in that year. 

   Figure 1:  Composition of Pell
   Grant Recipients, Academic Year
   1992-93

   (See figure in printed
   edition.)

Because Stafford loan files do not include data on citizenship, we
were unable to determine how many legal immigrants received Stafford
loans.  To provide some indication of the extent of legal immigrants'
participation in the Stafford program, we determined how many of the
legal immigrants who received a Pell grant in academic year 1992-93
also received a Stafford loan.  In all, 107,381 of the 390,088 legal
immigrants receiving a Pell grant also received a Stafford loan. 
This figure represented 5 percent of the nearly 2 million students in
all who received both forms of aid (see fig.  2).  Stafford loan aid
to these immigrants totaled about $257 million, or about 6 percent of
all Stafford loans ($4.5 billion) made to all Pell grant recipients. 

   Figure 2:  Composition of Pell
   Grant Recipients Who Also
   Received a Stafford Loan,
   Academic Year 1992-93

   (See figure in printed
   edition.)

Compared with citizens, immigrants received, on average, slightly
larger Pell grants.  As shown in figure 3, the average Pell grant for
immigrants was $1,697--10 percent larger than the $1,526 awarded to
citizens.  When immigrants who received Pell grants also received
Stafford loans, their loans were similarly somewhat larger than
citizens' loans.  The average Stafford loan for immigrants with Pell
grants was $2,391, 4 percent more than the $2,297 for citizens. 

   Figure 3:  Average Pell Grant
   Amounts and Average Stafford
   Loan Amounts for Pell Grant
   Recipients, Academic Year
   1992-93

   (See figure in printed
   edition.)


   MOST IMMIGRANT STUDENTS LIVED
   IN SEVEN STATES
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :4

About 82 percent of immigrant students who received Pell grants in
academic year 1992-93 were concentrated in seven states:  California,
Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Texas. 
In contrast, schools in these states accounted for about 38 percent
of all Pell grant recipients.  Not surprisingly, the two states with
the largest populations of legal immigrants--California and New
York--accounted for 56 percent of immigrant students and about 57
percent of Pell grant funding for these students (see table 1).  For
information on all 50 states, see appendixes II and III. 



                          Table 1
          
          Immigrant Pell Grant Recipients--and Aid
              Amounts--for Selected States of
              Residence, Academic Year 1992-93


                                      Amount (in
State             Number   Percent     millions)   Percent
--------------  --------  --------  ------------  --------
California       120,488        31        $196.4        30
New York          96,273        25         180.3        27
Florida           30,199         8          49.0         7
Texas             25,997         7          40.5         6
New Jersey        15,723         4          26.3         4
Illinois          14,867         4          24.0         4
Massachusetts     10,044         3          17.4         3
==========================================================
Total            313,591        82        $533.9        81
----------------------------------------------------------

   MOST IMMIGRANT STUDENTS
   ATTENDED PUBLIC COLLEGES OR
   UNIVERSITIES
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :5

The majority of immigrant Pell grant recipients--61 percent--attended
public colleges or universities (see fig.  4).  This is about triple
the number that attended private colleges or universities (19
percent) or proprietary schools (21 percent).  Appendix IV contains
state-by-state information on the type of school immigrants were
enrolled in during academic year 1992-93. 

   Figure 4:  Immigrant Pell Grant
   Recipients by School Type,
   Academic Year 1992-93

   (See figure in printed
   edition.)

Note:  Percentages do not total 100 because of rounding. 


      100 SCHOOLS ACCOUNTED FOR 50
      PERCENT OF IMMIGRANT
      STUDENTS
---------------------------------------------------------- Letter :5.1

A school-by-school analysis showed that 100 schools accounted for
about 50 percent (194,295) of the 390,088 immigrant Pell grant
recipients and about 50 percent ($332 million) of the $662 million in
Pell grant funds awarded to immigrants in academic year 1992-93. 
Most of these schools (91) were in the seven states where most of the
immigrant recipients lived, and 68 schools were in California and New
York (see table 2).  Appendix V contains information on all 100
schools. 



                          Table 2
          
          The 100 Schools With the Most Immigrant
              Pell Grant Recipients, by State,
                   Academic Year 1992-93

                                                 Amount of
                                                Pell grant
                                   Number of        aid to
                     Number of     immigrant    immigrants
                    schools in    Pell grant           (in
State              the top 100    recipients     millions)
----------------  ------------  ------------  ------------
California                  48        71,268        $116.7
New York                    20        74,764         139.8
New Jersey                   6         6,716          10.6
Florida                      5        13,664          20.8
Texas                        5         9,948          14.8
Illinois                     4         5,888           8.8
Massachusetts                3         2,660           4.6
Maryland                     2         2,240           3.8
Pennsylvania                 1         1,388           2.2
Virginia                     1         1,224           2.0
Indiana                      1         1,099           1.8
Oregon                       1           977           1.5
Washington                   1           917           1.7
Minnesota                    1           778           1.5
Ohio                         1           764           1.0
==========================================================
Total                      100       194,295      $331.7\a
----------------------------------------------------------
\a Numbers do not add to total because of rounding. 


   AGENCY COMMENTS
------------------------------------------------------------ Letter :6

The Department of Education was provided a draft of this report to
review and had no comments. 


---------------------------------------------------------- Letter :6.1

We are sending copies of this report to the Chairman of the Senate
Committee on Labor and Human Resources, the Chairman of the House
Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities, the Secretary of
Education, and other interested parties. 

Please call me at (202) 512-7014 if you or your staff have any
questions about this report.  Major contributors included Joseph J. 
Eglin, Jr., Assistant Director; Paula N.  Barnes; Scott M.  Berger;
Charles M.  Novak; Meeta Sharma; Edward H.  Tuchman; and Dianne L. 
Whitman. 

Sincerely yours,

Cornelia M.  Blanchette
Associate Director, Education
 and Employment Issues


SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY
=========================================================== Appendix I

We contacted officials at and reviewed documents from the Department
of Education and INS to obtain information on immigration
designations and eligibility criteria for federal student aid.  We
focused our analysis on the Pell grant and Stafford loan programs
because they are the largest of the title IV programs, accounting for
about 85 percent of all federal aid to students at postsecondary
institutions. 

To determine the number of legal immigrant students, the amount of
aid they received, their place of residence, and the types of schools
they attended, we obtained and analyzed three Department of Education
databases:  the Pell Grant Recipient File, the Stafford Loan File,
and the Institutional Data System (IDS).  We used the 1992-93
academic year as a base year for our analyses because it was the most
recent year for which data were available for Pell grant recipients. 
We did not verify the data obtained from the Department of Education. 

We determined who received a Pell grant, the grant amount, and the
recipient's place of residence by performing special computer runs
for all Pell Grant Recipient File records for academic year 1992-93. 
To distinguish immigrants from citizens, we reviewed grant records
for codes that related to citizenship.  We extracted grant records
that had codes of "P," for permanent resident or other eligible
noncitizen.  The remaining records fell into two categories:  those
that had codes for other classifications of immigration and
citizenship, such as U.S.  citizen, and those that were missing
codes. 

Because they are not U.S.  citizens, the permanent residents of Palau
and the citizens of the Marshall Islands and the Federated States of
Micronesia were included in the "P" category with other permanent
residents and eligible noncitizens.  However, the residents of these
territories are treated as U.S.  citizens for eligibility for student
financial aid under title IV.  The numbers of such students were
small, and we did not determine how many of them were actually
included as legal immigrants. 

In identifying an immigrant student's place of residence, the Pell
Grant Recipient File listed all 50 states, the District of Columbia,
U.S.  territories and commonwealths, and some foreign countries. 
While individuals holding foreign-student visas are ineligible for
student aid, our analyses identified some immigrant Pell grant
recipients residing in Canada and Mexico.  A representative at the
Department of Education's Federal Student Aid Information Center said
that legal immigrants with a valid alien registration number may
claim a foreign residence and still receive student aid. 

We could not determine the number of immigrants who received Stafford
loans or the amounts of such loans because, unlike the Pell Grant
Recipient Files, Stafford Loan Files do not identify students'
citizenship status.  However, we were able to estimate the extent
that legal immigrants who had received a Pell grant participated in
the Stafford loan program.  We performed computer matches between the
loan and grant files to identify immigrant/citizen Pell grant
recipients for whom there was a corresponding Stafford loan record. 

While the Pell grant files contained an institution number to
identify the students' schools (reporting campuses), the number did
not indicate the type of school or the length of academic program. 
This information is contained in IDS.  To determine the types of
schools attended by immigrants, we performed computer matches of Pell
Grant Recipient Files and IDS.  To identify the 100 schools with the
most immigrant Pell grant recipients, we matched Pell Grant Recipient
Files with IDS, sorted on the number of immigrant Pell grant records,
and extracted the 100 schools with the most records.  For each of
these schools, we then used IDS to identify school name, location,
and type. 


IMMIGRANT STUDENTS RECEIVING PELL
GRANTS, BY RESIDENCE, ACADEMIC
YEAR 1992-93
========================================================== Appendix II

                                                Immigrants
                  Total number     Number of          as a
                   of students    immigrants    percentage
Place of             receiving     receiving      of total
residence          Pell grants   Pell grants      students
----------------  ------------  ------------  ------------
California             369,078       120,488          32.6
New York               363,698        96,273          26.5
Florida                189,684        30,199          15.9
Texas                  264,827        25,997           9.8
New Jersey              82,344        15,723          19.1
Illinois               167,261        14,867           8.9
Massachusetts           72,965        10,044          13.8
Pennsylvania           157,076         6,354           4.0
Maryland                54,342         6,332          11.7
Washington              66,119         5,523           8.4
Arizona                 68,628         5,114           7.5
Virginia                74,422         4,259           5.7
Minnesota               80,906         4,162           5.1
Michigan               162,845         3,928           2.4
Ohio                   171,999         3,132           1.8
Georgia                 89,939         2,814           3.1
Oregon                  46,115         2,616           5.7
Connecticut             25,864         2,569           9.9
Puerto Rico            178,845         2,504           1.4
Louisiana               85,208         2,061           2.4
Colorado                58,508         1,986           3.4
Wisconsin               72,039         1,972           2.7
Federated States         1,446         1,394          96.4
 of Micronesia
Missouri                84,999         1,381           1.6
Rhode Island            13,568         1,320           9.7
Utah                    46,518         1,233           2.7
Indiana                 82,690         1,199           1.4
North Carolina          78,056         1,170           1.5
Kansas                  46,370         1,157           2.5
Oklahoma                68,981         1,140           1.7
New Mexico              35,358         1,028           2.9
Hawaii                   7,248           861          11.9
Iowa                    54,676           838           1.5
Tennessee               72,722           789           1.1
Nevada                  12,763           632           5.0
District of              6,825           623           9.1
 Columbia
Alabama                 75,353           577           0.8
Palau                      625           559          89.4
Nebraska                32,535           530           1.6
South Carolina          53,587           503           0.9
Kentucky                65,226           476           0.7
Marshall Islands           480           458          95.4
Mississippi             56,101           303           0.5
Idaho                   20,010           302           1.5
Arkansas                40,832           239           0.6
New Hampshire           11,327           238           2.1
Guam                       716           210          29.3
Virgin Islands           1,193           205          17.2
Delaware                 5,938           198           3.3
Maine                   16,675           194           1.2
Vermont                  7,958           125           1.6
Alaska                   5,382           111           2.1
North Dakota            16,241           110           0.7
Montana                 18,796           109           0.6
Northern Mariana           291           101          34.7
 Islands
South Dakota            15,993           101           0.6
West Virginia           27,242            88           0.3
Wyoming                  9,136            56           0.6
Canada                     152            13           8.6
American Samoa             358             9           2.5
Mexico                      36             2           5.6
Unknown                  6,674           589           8.8
==========================================================
Total                4,003,789       390,088           9.7
----------------------------------------------------------

PELL GRANT AID TO IMMIGRANT
STUDENTS, BY RESIDENCE, ACADEMIC
YEAR 1992-93
========================================================= Appendix III

                                                                       Immigrant aid as a
                                  Total amount of         Pell aid to       percentage of
Place of residence                       Pell aid          immigrants           total aid
-----------------------------  ------------------  ------------------  ------------------
California                           $571,451,865        $196,379,734               34.37
New York                              618,689,155         180,256,192               29.14
Florida                               281,217,211          48,950,285               17.41
Texas                                 381,284,327          40,542,503               10.63
New Jersey                            130,423,209          26,256,014               20.13
Illinois                              248,038,034          24,035,028                9.69
Massachusetts                         115,089,841          17,372,496               15.09
Pennsylvania                          241,090,708          11,409,492                4.73
Maryland                               82,699,388          10,217,093               12.35
Washington                            102,341,512           8,949,752                8.74
Arizona                               103,982,091           8,232,004                7.92
Minnesota                             122,904,536           7,510,396                6.11
Virginia                              110,142,667           7,191,957                6.53
Michigan                              240,149,242           6,461,829                2.69
Ohio                                  260,292,138           5,133,902                1.97
Puerto Rico                           330,111,006           4,768,617                1.44
Georgia                               129,953,161           4,768,440                3.67
Oregon                                 71,678,490           4,538,252                6.33
Connecticut                            38,345,381           4,084,980               10.65
Louisiana                             137,999,395           3,579,698                2.59
Wisconsin                             109,815,251           3,544,983                3.23
Colorado                               90,341,222           3,419,296                3.78
Missouri                              127,071,663           2,229,862                1.75
Federated States of                     2,223,506           2,150,659               96.72
 Micronesia
Utah                                   73,045,862           2,076,392                2.84
Indiana                               122,803,517           2,073,752                1.69
Rhode Island                           20,471,278           2,062,157               10.07
Oklahoma                              105,206,616           1,916,727                1.82
Kansas                                 69,242,505           1,900,116                2.74
North Carolina                        108,680,482           1,793,459                1.65
New Mexico                             53,846,353           1,675,548                3.11
Iowa                                   82,505,545           1,518,852                1.84
Tennessee                             109,280,036           1,335,564                1.22
Hawaii                                 10,470,576           1,230,271               11.75
District of Columbia                   10,748,173           1,070,014                9.96
Nevada                                 19,126,887           1,041,860                5.45
Palau                                   1,051,392             958,240               91.14
Alabama                               107,491,919             954,682                0.89
Kentucky                              100,087,643             774,063                0.77
Nebraska                               46,930,957             760,225                1.62
South Carolina                         75,740,594             709,569                0.94
Marshall Islands                          696,963             670,097               96.15
Idaho                                  32,474,909             547,483                1.69
Mississippi                            87,792,036             538,754                0.61
Arkansas                               63,461,252             389,706                0.61
New Hampshire                          17,542,398             383,906                2.19
Virgin Islands                          1,958,649             351,423               17.94
Guam                                    1,062,689             348,074               32.75
Maine                                  25,962,382             308,632                1.19
Delaware                                8,233,359             303,013                3.68
Alaska                                  8,726,817             200,824                2.30
North Dakota                           26,498,533             199,157                0.75
Vermont                                11,740,161             197,066                1.68
Montana                                30,801,463             193,335                0.63
South Dakota                           25,291,314             165,737                0.66
West Virginia                          43,212,893             160,783                0.37
Northern Mariana Islands                  416,620             151,053               36.26
Wyoming                                13,924,380              96,326                0.69
Canada                                    259,267              23,200                8.95
American Samoa                            502,453              11,817                2.35
Mexico                                     63,790               3,165                4.96
Unknown                                10,367,216           1,089,796               10.51
=========================================================================================
Total                              $6,175,054,878        $662,168,302               10.72
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

IMMIGRANT PELL GRANT RECIPIENTS,
BY RESIDENCE AND SCHOOL TYPE,
ACADEMIC YEAR 1992-93
========================================================== Appendix IV


                                                                                    Total
                                                                Proprietary     immigrant
Place of residence      ï¿½2 yrs.   ï¿½4 yrs.   ï¿½2 yrs.   ï¿½4 yrs.       schools    recipients
---------------------  --------  --------  --------  --------  ------------  ------------
California               39,995    25,130     4,160     3,450        32,894       105,629
New York                  3,740    39,349     4,574    29,647        13,456        90,766
Florida                  13,821     3,127       613     1,564         8,881        28,006
Texas                    10,806     5,984       221       792         5,305        23,108
Illinois                  4,285     3,227       926     2,767         2,158        13,363
New Jersey                5,662     3,925     1,224       996         1,520        13,327
Massachusetts             4,497     1,980       518     3,044           518        10,557
Pennsylvania              2,211     1,503       100     1,382           818         6,014
Maryland                  3,212     1,494         4       369           519         5,598
Washington                3,467     1,307         6       263           233         5,276
Arizona                   2,338       901        29        32         1,155         4,455
Virginia                  1,722     1,366         7       229           867         4,191
Minnesota                 2,204     1,214        50       461           128         4,057
Michigan                  1,743     1,328        19       713           217         4,020
Ohio                      1,308     1,246        13       422           250         3,239
Georgia                     555       979        18       364           881         2,797
Oregon                    1,388       916        16       120            72         2,512
Indiana                     348       750         3       185         1,110         2,396
Connecticut                 604       490        20       520           602         2,236
Wisconsin                   708     1,004         0       320            33         2,065
Colorado                    714       971         1       136           201         2,023
Louisiana                   387     1,005         4       223           398         2,017
Puerto Rico                  12       168       315       901           596         1,992
Rhode Island                489       346       103       352           167         1,457
Missouri                    227       315       340       350           156         1,388
Kansas                      355       478       411        62            45         1,351
District of Columbia          0       210         2       551           564         1,327
North Carolina              355       573        26       245            30         1,229
Utah                        402       517        22       233            42         1,216
Oklahoma                    355       446         4       125            81         1,011
Trust Territories           953         0         0         0             0           953
Iowa                        330       326         6       221            31           914
Tennessee                   200       364         2       199           149           914
New Mexico                  209       599         0        14            86           908
Hawaii                      368       212         0       143           109           832
Alabama                     191       361         0       140            12           704
Nebraska                    246       214         0        47            15           522
Kentucky                      9       396         1        39            38           483
Nevada                      105       188         0         3           149           445
South Carolina              227       131         0        55            25           438
Guam                         33       321         0         0             0           354
Idaho                        61       194        49         9             8           321
Mississippi                 110       116         8        32             9           275
New Hampshire                37        60         3       112            56           268
Arkansas                     51       151         1        26            18           247
Delaware                     85        96         0        17            15           213
Maine                        20       105         1        49            23           198
South Dakota                  8        62         6        18            74           168
West Virginia                 4        93         0        41            23           161
Vermont                      31        47         1        76             4           159
Alaska                        0        77         0         2            46           125
Virgin Islands                0       117         0         0             0           117
North Dakota                 16        81         1        12             4           114
Montana                      24        74         0        10             1           109
Wyoming                      28        20         0         0            45            93
American Samoa                8         0         0         0             0             8
=========================================================================================
Total                   111,264   106,654    13,828    52,083        74,837     358,666\a
=========================================================================================
Percentage of total        31.0      29.7       3.9      14.5          20.9           100
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a When matching the Pell Grant Recipient File with IDS, no match
occurred for 31,422 students.  Therefore, the total number of
immigrant Pell grant recipients shown by school type is less than the
total number of immigrant Pell grant recipients shown in appendix II. 


THE 100 SCHOOLS WITH THE MOST
IMMIGRANT PELL GRANT RECIPIENTS,
BY STATE, ACADEMIC YEAR 1992-93
=========================================================== Appendix V


                                            Propriet     Immigrant                   Immigrants
                    ï¿½ 2   ï¿½ 4   ï¿½ 2   ï¿½ 4   ary               Pell      Immigrant   as % of all
School              yrs.  yrs.  yrs.  yrs.  schools     recipients       Pell aid      Pell aid
------------------  ----  ----  ----  ----  --------  ------------  -------------  ------------
California (48 schools)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Glendale Community  x                                        2,055     $2,090,734          78.6
College

San Francisco       x                                        1,774      1,949,721          58.0
Community College
District

Los Angeles City    x                                        1,766      2,551,537          74.1
College

Pasadena City       x                                        1,538      1,576,892          55.6
College

Long Beach City     x                                        1,475      1,675,487          34.4
College

Golden West         x                                        1,343      1,513,449          66.5
College

De Anza College     x                                        1,316      1,537,060          67.3

Orange Coast        x                                        1,263      1,481,988          58.3
College

Evergreen Valley    x                                        1,178      1,286,544          70.9
College

Rancho Santiago     x                                        1,133      1,282,432          64.7
College

Imperial Valley     x                                        1,125      1,169,792          55.0
College

Fresno City         x                                        1,000      1,100,420          27.3
College

San Diego City      x                                          950      1,238,721          36.7
College

San Jose City       x                                          905        942,498          59.4
College

San Joaquin Delta   x                                          863        860,207          31.3
College

East Los Angeles    x                                          839      1,002,304          49.9
College

Sacramento City     x                                          792        862,723          44.3
College

San Diego Mesa      x                                          712        864,416          40.1
College

Mission College     x                                          710        857,679          73.4

Associated          x                                          696      1,586,975          21.1
Technical College

Laney College       x                                          671        794,025          40.7

University of             x                                  2,243      4,347,706          35.3
California, Los
Angeles

California State          x                                  1,922      3,209,626          40.1
University, Los
Angeles

San Jose State            x                                  1,810      3,450,320          38.5
University

University of             x                                  1,670      2,965,372          30.2
California,
Berkeley

California State          x                                  1,629      2,959,889          31.8
University,
Northridge

University of             x                                  1,497      2,978,787          43.6
California, Irvine

California State          x                                  1,404      2,520,886          40.8
Polytechnic
University, Pomona

University of             x                                  1,306      2,613,596          30.6
California, Davis

San Francisco             x                                  1,277      2,237,823          27.4
State University

California State          x                                  1,240      2,186,533          24.7
University, Long
Beach

California State          x                                  1,147      2,196,436          26.7
University, Fresno

California State          x                                  1,075      1,923,004          29.6
University,
Fullerton

San Diego State           x                                    987      1,779,593          16.9
University

California State,         x                                    811      1,485,371          20.9
Sacramento

University of             x                                    739      1,446,753          26.6
California, San
Diego

California                x                                    673      1,337,638          16.8
Polytechnic State
University

Los Angeles ORT                 x                            1,644      3,408,948          97.1
Technical
Institute

Center of                       x                            1,509      3,067,293          67.1
Employment and
Training

University of                         x                        703      1,370,395          21.5
Southern
California

United Education                            x               10,536     19,258,455          91.7
Institute

College of English                          x                2,914      6,004,777          93.4
Language

Glendale Career                             x                2,345      3,608,784          75.4
College

National Education                          x                2,281      4,049,376          10.5
Center, Bryman
Campus

BNS Technical                               x                1,373      2,858,867          92.2
Institute

Diversified                                 x                  912      1,890,272          95.3
Language Institute

Systems                                     x                  818      1,632,286          83.9
Programming
Development
Institute

Pacific Gateway                             x                  699      1,672,950          99.3
College

===============================================================================================
Subtotal                                                    71,268   $116,687,340          40.9


New York (20 schools)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CUNY City College         x                                 34,429     62,476,505          42.3

State University          x                                  4,738      9,263,423          13.0
of New York,
Albany

Bramson ORT                     x                            1,446      2,466,677          97.8
Technical
Institute

Northeast Center                x                            1,400      2,685,060          61.5
for Judaic Studies

Syrit Computer                  x                            1,070      1,783,497          95.6
School System

Touro College                         x                      5,619     10,713,995          69.5

Beth Jacob Hebrew                     x                      3,574      7,919,651          97.4
Teachers College

Academy for Jewish                    x                      2,461      5,325,430          94.2
Education

Long Island                           x                      2,355      4,258,078          41.1
University

Sara Schenirer                        x                      2,085      4,741,166          96.6
Teachers Seminary

Academy for                           x                      1,757      3,824,825          68.3
Creative Learning
for Adults

Molloy College                        x                      1,247      2,485,073          68.3

New York                              x                      1,198      2,344,011          30.8
University

Mercy College                         x                      1,116      2,034,667          35.8

St. Johns                             x                        937      1,755,720          28.3
University

Technical Career                            x                3,350      5,220,158          50.8
Institutes

Career Blazers                              x                3,059      5,963,196          93.5
Learning Center

Globe Institute of                          x                1,460      2,569,440          95.5
Technology

Professional                                x                  792      1,010,639          79.2
Business Institute

Techno-Dent                                 x                  671        962,551          88.2
Training Center

===============================================================================================
Subtotal                                                    74,764   $139,803,762          43.3


New Jersey (6 schools)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Essex County        x                                        1,214      2,068,996          35.9
College

Passaic County      x                                        1,139      1,453,737          48.1
Community College

Hudson County       x                                          947      1,458,435          57.3
Community College

Middlesex County    x                                          738      1,041,142          39.9
College

Rutgers, the State        x                                  1,455      2,652,242          20.7
University of New
Jersey Central
Office

Union County                    x                            1,223      1,915,482          54.9
College

===============================================================================================
Subtotal                                                     6,716    $10,590,034          35.0


Florida (5 schools)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Miami-Dade          x                                        9,494     13,979,407          49.0
Community College

Broward Community   x                                        1,064      1,378,605          24.9
College

Florida                   x                                  1,095      1,710,994          29.2
International
University

Miami Technical                             x                1,136      2,083,176          62.2
Institute

Florida National                            x                  875      1,688,090          70.2

===============================================================================================
Subtotal                                                    13,664    $20,840,272          45.6


Texas (5 schools)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
El Paso County      x                                        4,058      5,559,727          36.3
Community College
District

Houston Community   x                                        2,118      3,047,870          30.8
College

University of             x                                    901      1,569,786          19.7
Houston,
University Park

University of             x                                    790      1,178,968          12.7
Texas, Pan
American

Microcomputer                               x                2,081      3,461,162          51.5
Technology
Institute

===============================================================================================
Subtotal                                                     9,948    $14,817,513          30.1


Illinois (4 schools)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
City Colleges of    x                                        2,700      3,398,929          20.7
Chicago

University of             x                                  1,537      2,752,092          26.9
Illinois, Chicago

St. Augustine                   x                              769      1,293,843          53.4
College

National-Louis                        x                        882      1,402,152          53.9
University

===============================================================================================
Subtotal                                                     5,888     $8,847,016          27.9


Massachusetts (3 schools)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bunker Hill         x                                        1,157      1,935,442          50.0
Community College

Roxbury Community   x                                          814      1,425,779          52.7
College

University of             x                                    689      1,255,982          23.9
Massachusetts,
Boston

===============================================================================================
Subtotal                                                     2,660     $4,617,203          39.1


Maryland (2 schools)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Montgomery College  x                                        1,494      2,434,986          52.9

University of             x                                    746      1,343,429          22.5
Maryland

===============================================================================================
Subtotal                                                     2,240     $3,778,415          35.7


Pennsylvania (1 school)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Community College   x                                        1,388     $2,229,110          17.6
of Philadelphia


Virginia (1 school)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Northern Virginia   x                                        1,224     $1,964,691          55.2
Community College


Indiana (1 school)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ITT Technical                               x                1,099     $1,760,834           7.8
Institute


Oregon (1 school)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Portland Community  x                                          977     $1,546,481          25.5
College


Washington (1 school)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
University of             x                                    917     $1,687,071          19.4
Washington


Minnesota (1 school)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
University of             x                                    778     $1,494,901          12.3
Minnesota, Twin
Cities


Ohio (1 school)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cuyahoga Community  x                                          764     $1,031,353           8.8
College

Total               37    27    7     12    17             194,295   $331,695,996          38.4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

*** End of document. ***