District of Columbia: National Museum of American Music
(23-MAR-01, GAO-01-537R).
GAO reviewed the Federal City Council's (FCC) proposal to use the
current site of the Washington Convention Center for the
National Museum of American Music (NMAM). At this time, the FCC
proposal is in the conceptual stage. FCC's proposal anticipates
that NMAM will be located at the existing Convention Center site
and that it will be part of a major mixed-use complex that
includes retail, entertainment, and performance venues. The total
estimated cost for FCC's mixed-use proposal is $1.1 billion, with
$172.5 million attributed to the music museum. Additionally, the
proposal shows that the District would receive annual land rent
of $13 million, equivalent to a 7-percent return on the estimated
land value of $183 million. FCC spent $300,000 in federal
appropriations on the project management services provided by the
Smithsonian Institution. Currently, the District of Columbia has
not yet considered any specific proposals for the use of the
Convention Center, including FCC's proposal. The Mayor has
established a task force to study the possible uses for the site
and it is currently developing a process to both solicit and
evaluate independently generated proposals for the site.
-------------------------Indexing Terms-------------------------
REPORTNUM: GAO-01-537R
ACCNO: A00690
TITLE: District of Columbia: National Museum of American Music
DATE: 03/23/2001
SUBJECT: Appropriations
Convention facilities
Municipal governments
District of Columbia
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GAO-01-537R
National Museum of American Music
United States General Accounting Office Washington, DC 20548
March 23, 2001 The Honorable Mike DeWine Chairman The Honorable Mary
Landrieu Ranking Member Subcommittee on the District
of Columbia Committee on Appropriations United States Senate
The Honorable Joe Knollenberg Chairman The Honorable Chaka Fattah Ranking
Minority Member Subcommittee on the District
of Columbia Committee on Appropriations House of Representatives
Subject: District of Columbia: National Museum of American Music The
conference report accompanying the District of Columbia Appropriations Act
of Fiscal Year 2001 directed us to review the National Museum of American
Music (NMAM) proposal targeted for the current Convention Center site in
downtown Washington, D. C., and to provide certain information to the
Appropriations Committees by April 1, 2001. The NMAM proposal is in the
conceptual stage and the Mayor's office has not yet decided on how to use
the current Convention Center site once the new Convention Center is ready.
Therefore, as agreed with your staff, we obtained information on the status
of the NMAM proposal and the decision process of the Convention Center
Redevelopment Task Force as well as information currently available related
to the four questions in the conference report.
On March 1, 2001, we briefed the staff of both of your Subcommittees on the
results of our review. Your staff asked us to provide additional information
about the use of the $300,000 appropriation for the needs and design study
for the proposed NMAM. We have incorporated this information in the briefing
slides enclosed with this letter. Also, we agreed to monitor the ongoing
events related to the NMAM proposal until the District makes a decision and
to keep your offices informed of any major developments.
GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 2 We are sending copies
of this letter to Senator George V. Voinovich, Senator
Richard J. Durbin, Representative Constance A. Morella, and Representative
Eleanor Holmes Norton in their capacities as Chair or Ranking Minority
Member of Senate and House Committees and Subcommittees. This letter will
also be available on GAO's home page at http:// www. gao. gov.
If you have any questions, please contact me at (202) 512- 9450 or by e-
mail at steinhoffj@ gao. gov or Jeanette Franzel, Acting Director, at (202)
512- 9471, or by e- mail at franzelj@ gao. gov. Key contributors to this
letter were Ronald L. King, Keith A. Thompson, Anne M. Hilleary, Wendy
Wierzbicki, Arkelga L. Braxton, and Louis Fernheimer.
Jeffrey C. Steinhoff Managing Director Financial Management and Assurance
Enclosure
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 3
March 1, 2001, Briefing on the National Museum of American Music
1 Financial Management and Assurance Team
District of Columbia Government Issues: National Museum of American Music
Briefing for the Staff of the Senate Committee on Appropriations,
Subcommittee on the District of Columbia
House Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on the District of Columbia
March 1, 2001
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 4
2
Introduction/ Objectives
The Conference Report accompanying the District's Fiscal Year 2001
Appropriations Act (Public Law 106- 522) directs GAO to review the National
Museum of American Music (NMAM) proposal and report to the Appropriations
Committees by April 1, 2001, on the information contained in the proposal
related to:
? the total estimated project costs; ? all potential funding sources; ?
whether the proposed project is suited for the site of the current
Convention Center; and ? whether the NMAM proposal constitutes the highest
and best use of
the property at issue.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 5
3
Modified Objectives
? Because the NMAM proposal is in the conceptual stage and the Mayor's
office has not yet reached a decision on the use of the Convention Center
site, currently, only limited information is available to address the four
questions.
? Accordingly, as agreed to by the Subcommittees' staff, the objectives of
our review have been modified as follows.
? Provide an update on the status of the NMAM proposal, which includes:
? information on the timing of the Mayor's decision process related to the
NMAM proposal and other proposals submitted for consideration and
? summary level information about the total cost of the Federal City Council
(FCC) proposal for the NMAM and how the $300, 000 appropriated by the
Congress for the proposal was used.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 6
4
Modified Objectives
? Provide information on the Convention Center Redevelopment Task Force
(Mayor's task force) including descriptions of:
? the Mayor's task force that was established to study the potential uses
and make recommendations for redevelopment of the Convention Center site;
? the level of communication and coordination between the task force and
District officials; and
? the points of agreement and disagreement between the FCC, the task force,
and District officials related to the NMAM proposal and other proposals.
? Provide any available information on the four questions presented in the
conference report for Public Law 106- 522.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 7
5
Scope and Methodology
? In order to meet the above objectives, we
? interviewed officials from the FCC, the District's Office of Planning, the
Convention Center Redevelopment Task Force, the Library of Congress, the
Smithsonian Institution, the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority
(WMATA), and the Kennedy Center and
? reviewed the NMAM proposal and analyzed other related documents including
FCC meeting minutes, newsletters, memorandums, cost schedules, and
information received from the task force.
? We conducted our work from November 2000 through February 2001 in
accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 8
6
Scope and Methodology
? We did not perform any independent analysis of the information contained
in the NMAM proposal.
? We requested comments on a draft of these briefing slides from officials
of the D. C. Office of Planning and the FCC. These comments are discussed in
the last section of this briefing.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 9
7
Background
? The fiscal year 1999 District Appropriations Act (Public Law 105- 277)
provided the FCC with $300, 000 to perform a needs and design study for the
proposed NMAM.
? The FCC is a non- profit and non- partisan organization dedicated to the
improvement of the Nation's Capital. FCC was established in 1954 and is
composed of and financed by 150 business, professional, educational, and
civic leaders.
? The Mayor established the Convention Center Redevelopment Task Force in
July 2000 to develop a plan to maximize the potential use of the existing
Convention Center site.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 10
8
Results in Brief
? The FCC proposal is currently in the conceptual stage.
? The FCC proposal anticipates that the NMAM will be located at the existing
Convention Center site and that it will be part of a major mixeduse complex
that includes retail, entertainment, and performance venues.
? The key elements of the FCC's overall proposal include not only the NMAM
but also a large public plaza; a performing arts theater; a headquarters
convention hotel; retail, dining, and entertainment facilities; and parking.
The key elements of the NMAM component include 75, 000 square feet of
exhibit space, two performance venues, a museum shop, food and beverage
facilities, and a public school with a music and arts centered curriculum.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 11
9
Results in Brief
? FCC hired a consultant to develop an econometric model used to estimate
project costs and forecast revenue.
? The total estimated cost for the FCC's mixed- use proposal is $1. 1
billion, with $172. 5 million attributed to the music museum. Additionally,
the proposal shows that the District would receive annual land rent of $13
million, equivalent to a 7- percent return on the estimated land value of
$183 million. Under the FCC's proposal, $42 million of infrastructure costs
would be covered by public funding sources.
? The D. C. Office of Planning published the Downtown Action Agenda (DAA) in
November 2000, and the DAA lists three underlying goals for developing the
District's downtown.
? Separately, the Mayor established a task force to develop a three- phase
plan for determining the maximum potential use of the Convention Center
site.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 12
10
Results in Brief
? District and task force representatives estimate that a final decision for
their recommended use of the existing Convention Center site could be made
between September 2001 and December 2001. Officials from the District's
Office of Planning have indicated that this timetable is dependent upon the
disposition method selected. They are still in the process of determining
the best use for the site.
? The Mayor's task force has not yet considered any specific proposals,
including the FCC's NMAM proposal for use of the existing Convention Center
site.
? The task force is currently developing a process to both solicit and
evaluate independently generated proposals for the site. This process will
provide the opportunity for substantive discussions between the FCC and the
Mayor's task force.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 13
11
Results in Brief
? The FCC spent the $300, 000 federal appropriation on project management
services provided by the Smithsonian Institution.
? Information currently available to address the four questions posed in the
conference report is included in a subsequent section of this briefing.
? The FCC and the D. C. Office of Planning generally agreed with the
contents of our briefing slides.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 14
12
FCC Proposal
? On July 8, 1998, the leaders of the Smithsonian Institution and the
Library of Congress joined with FCC officials to announce plans to explore
the feasibility of developing the NMAM. They were seeking a suitable
location to display the musical archives and memorabilia, musical
instruments, scores and parts, recordings, and other music related
collections currently owned by the federal government.
? Subsequent to the July 1998 announcement, the John F. Kennedy Center for
the Performing Arts joined the project, hoping to develop a major performing
arts theater downtown.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 15
13
FCC Proposal
? FCC officials stated that the FCC established an affiliation program with
the Smithsonian in the form of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) under
which the FCC will seek funding to carry out studies to determine the
feasibility of developing the NMAM and identify specific objects and
artifacts that the Smithsonian can loan to the NMAM under separate loan
agreements.
? Library of Congress (LOC) officials stated that LOC made a formal
arrangement with the FCC in the form of an MOU that describes their working
relationship and legally outlines LOC's role in the Music Museum.
? The Smithsonian and the LOC have committed to provide the NMAM with
artifacts and items from music collections owned by the federal government
that have an estimated value of $500 million.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 16
14
FCC Proposal
? FCC staff, the Smithsonian, and the LOC organized 7 planning meetings
called “charrettes” that involved over 150 musicians, composers,
music industry figures, educators, museum professionals, designers,
historians, developers, retailers, and government officials. As a result of
the charrette process, the FCC proposed that:
? the Museum be part of a major mixed- use complex that includes performance
venues, retail and entertainment uses, dining facilities, a major
performance center, and a music and arts public school and
? the current Convention Center site could be an ideal location for this
mixed- use complex because it is large enough to accommodate the Museum as
well as the other components included in the FCC's mixed- use concept.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 17
15
FCC Proposal
? The key elements of the FCC's mixed- use concept are the NMAM, a large
public plaza that would function as an outdoor extension of the museum, and
a major 3, 300- seat performing arts theater. Other key elements are as
follows:
? 250, 000 square feet of convention center expansion space located
underground at the existing Convention Center site connected to the new
Convention Center via a pedestrian tunnel;
? a headquarters convention hotel with approximately 1,500 rooms;
? a theme hotel with approximately 600 rooms or a building with 600 housing
units; and
? 150,000 square feet of retail, entertainment, and dining facilities and 2,
000 parking spaces.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 18
16
FCC Proposal
? The design concept envisions the NMAM to be approximately 250, 000 square
feet. The key elements of the NMAM are:
? 75, 000 square feet of exhibit space and 600 seat and 200 seat performance
venues and
? a museum shop, food and beverage facilities, and a District public school
for 300 students with a music and arts curriculum.
? FCC hired a consultant to perform a development economics and fiscal
benefits study for its mixed use concept, including the NMAM.
? The proposal identified four categories of costs: infrastructure, cultural
components, commercial uses, and Convention Center expansion.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 19
17
FCC Proposal
? The total estimated cost of the mixed- use complex included in the
proposal is $1. 1 billion, with a contingency rate of 12 percent for cost
overruns and unanticipated costs.
? Infrastructure costs of $42 million were designated as being covered by
public funding sources.
? The District would receive annual land rent of $13 million, which is
equivalent to a 7- percent return on the land which FCC's consultant valued
at $183 million.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 20
18
FCC Use of Appropriation and Other Funding
? FCC expended the $300, 000 federal appropriation on project management
services provided by the Smithsonian Institution. This included salary and
related benefits costs for a senior level staff person and administrative
support staff for a 2- year period. 1 Also, FCC received $653, 993 of in-
kind services, which included the numerous hours that members spent at
planning sessions and architectural services provided on a pro- bono basis.
? The $385, 000 of private funding was spent as follows:
? $97,926 was spent on additional project management services provided by
the Smithsonian and
? the remaining $287,074 was spent on general and administrative expenses,
rent, phone, travel, and other consulting services that included a charrette
facilitator, architectural and design services, financial analysis, and a
government relations specialist. (See table 1.) 1 Services provided were
based on an agreement established between the Smithsonian Institution
and FCC.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 21
19
FCC Use of Appropriation and Other Funding
Table 1: Cost of Proposal by Type of Funding Federal Funding/ Expense
appropriation Contribution In- Kind Total
Funds provided 300,000 $ 385,000 $ 653,993 $ 1, 338,993
Expenses:
Project management services 300,000 97,926 397,926 Architectural and design
services 123,789 123,789 Charrette facilitator 21,100 21,100 Financial
analysis 28,139 28,139 Government relations specialist 22,875 22,875 In-
kind services 653,993 653,993 Rent, phone, and travel 46,400 46,400
Overhead: general and admin. 44,771 44,771
Total $300,000 $385,000 $653,993 $1,338,993 Source: The financial
information was provided by the FCC. Amounts are unaudited
$
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 22
20
Downtown Action Agenda
? The District's Office of Planning published the Downtown Action Agenda
(DAA) in November 2000. It has three underlying goals:
? refine the vision of a vibrant, mixed- use “living” downtown;
? establish direction for new growth to include emerging districts to the
east of downtown and improve links to other city neighborhoods; and
? identify strategic actions to be taken by public and private sectors to
maximize their collective resources and sustain downtown's current economic
momentum.
? The D. C. Office of Planning is the lead District agency for
decisionmaking on the existing Convention Center site redevelopment, which
is part of the surrounding downtown area to be developed.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 23
21
Downtown Action Agenda
? According to the DAA, one of the key strategies is to capitalize on key
opportunity sites. The DAA notes that the existing Convention Center site is
a key site and offers a special opportunity to complete the vision of a
“living” downtown. The DAA noted that the site has the potential
to
? create a great civic space;
? maximize downtown housing;
? create a destination to enjoy and celebrate downtown;
? complement and complete the retail/ entertainment focus at Gallery Place;
and
? create a gateway for the new Convention Center.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 24
22
Convention Center Redevelopment Task Force
? In conjunction with the recommendation in the draft 2 DAA regarding future
use of the existing Convention Center site, the Mayor established the
Convention Center Redevelopment Task Force (Mayor's task force) in July
2000. The task force is organized by the DC Office of Planning and is
comprised of business and community leaders. Its mission is to:
? recommend a set of uses and a redevelopment plan that make the Convention
Center site a major contributor to the District's “living”
downtown by bringing life to the city 18 hours a day;
? build the District's tax base and help secure its financial foundation and
meet its housing, commercial, and cultural goals;
? diversify the District's economic base by attracting new uses to the city
and contribute to the life and health of the neighborhoods; and
2 The final DAA was officially published in November 2000.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 25
23
Convention Center Redevelopment Task Force
? assist the District in becoming a great urban place with world class
architecture and public spaces.
? The following objectives were developed to achieve the Mayor's task force
mission:
? study the potential uses for the Convention Center site and recommend the
best possible redevelopment to maximize its potential as a contributor to
the “living” downtown, the neighborhoods, and the city's fiscal
health and
? recommend an appropriate redevelopment process to best implement the
recommended development use.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 26
24
Convention Center Redevelopment Task Force
? The Mayor's task force is comprised of 52 members representing the
? Office of Management and Budget,
? D. C. Office of Planning,
? D. C. Office of the Mayor,
? D. C. Office of the Deputy Mayor for Planning and Economic Development,
? D. C. City Council,
? D. C. Chamber of Commerce,
? D. C. Commission on the Arts,
? Washington Metropolitan Area Transportation Authority (WMATA),
? Washington Convention Center Authority, and
? FCC and other private organizations.
? The District's Office of Planning and task force representatives
anticipate that between September 2001 and December 2001, a decision could
be made on a recommendation for how the existing Convention Center site
should be redeveloped. Officials from the District's Office of Planning have
indicated that this timetable is dependent upon the disposition method
selected.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 27
25
Convention Center Redevelopment Task Force
? Until a decision is made regarding the recommended uses for the site, the
District does not recommend that any public funds be expended for the
development of site specific plans or design studies for the existing
Convention Center site.
? The task force has not yet considered any specific proposals, including
the NMAM, for redevelopment of the existing Convention Center site. The NMAM
is one of many cultural and entertainment facilities that may be considered
for the site.
? The D. C. Office of Planning hired a consulting team to assess the city's
development needs for the site, define the re- development opportunities and
options for the site, and analyze the economic and social impacts of the
various options.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 28
26
Convention Center Redevelopment Task Force
? According to the task force and the D. C. Planning Office, the consulting
team is developing a three- phase plan as follows:
? Phase I consists of identifying potential uses of the existing Convention
Center site;
? Phase II consists of implementing the identified uses, preparing the site
plan, and determining the best development entity for overseeing the
project.
? Phase III is contingent on the successful completion of phases I and II.
It will consist of the development entity executing the redevelopment plan
in conjunction with the District's Office of Planning. (See table 2.)
? The task force is currently developing a process to solicit and evaluate
independently generated proposals for the existing Convention Center site.
Once this process is developed, the opportunity will exist for substantive
discussions between the FCC and the Mayor's task force.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 29
27
Three- Phase Plan Table 2: Three- Phase Plan for Site Utilization
Redevelopment planExisting Convention Center site
Phases Phase I Phase II Phase III a Time frames Anticipated to end March
2001. Anticipated April 2001 through September
2001 or December 2001. Anticipated January 2002 through March
2003.
Objectives/ Actions To identify potential uses for the existing Convention
Center site.
Identifying uses, preparing the site plan, and determining thebest
development entityto oversee the project.
The development entity will execute the redevelopment plan in conjunction
with the D. C. Office of Planning.
Decisions/ Conclusions 1. A headquarters hotel should be developed but
preferablynot onthe existing Convention Center site.
1. Decide where the headquarters hotel will be located.
1.The entitysends out request for proposals to the development community,
reviews responses, and selects a contractor.
2.400 to 1,000 residential housing units should be included on the site.
2. Decide whether additional exhibit space is needed and its location.
2. The task force would phase out during this period. 3.A mainattraction
that will drawat least 3 million people a year should be included on the
site.
3. Determine whether WMATA will want to build a metro station underground on
the site.
3. The entity would develop cost estimates, identify funding sources, and
estimate revenue for the city. 4.A public openspace that is controlled by
the District should be included on the site.
4. Determine what main attraction will be located on the site.
5.A smaller hotel should be included onthe site.
5. Prepare a small area planthat will include traffic patterns, parking, and
design guidelines for the area around the site. 6. Underground uses include
parking, additional exhibit space for the new Convention Center, and a metro
yard.
6. Decide onwhattype of development entity will be established and how the
land will be transferred to this entity.
Issues/ Products The D. C. Office ofPlanning willissue a reportidentifying
these usesto the Mayor and the Task Force in March 2001.
1. Present the site uses, small area plan, and the type of development
entityneeded to the City Council.
Not Applicable. 2. The City Council will prepare a statute to allow the
Mayor to establish this entity and transfer ownership of the land.
a Phase III is a proposed phase and is contingent onsuccessful completionof
phases I and II. Details are very limited at this time. Source: D. C. Office
of Planning
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 30
28
Convention Center Redevelopment Task Force
? The D. C. Office of Planning representative told us that the decision on
whether to include the NMAM on the existing Convention Center site could be
made by the end of phase II. Such a decision will depend on the Music
Museum's suitability to the site and the proposal's demonstration of its
ability to secure financing and other support.
? The District has been approached by a number of interested parties with
various ideas regarding redevelopment of this site. These include a science
museum, music museum, new location for the Martin Luther King library, and a
major performing arts center. FCC's NMAM proposal is the only formal
proposal the District has received.
? Task force representatives stated that they support the concept of a music
museum in the District. They further indicated that if the museum were not
included on the site, the District Office of Planning would help the FCC
identify another city location for the NMAM.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 31
29
Information Currently Available on the Four Questions in Conference Report
1. What are the total cost estimates?
? FCC total estimated project costs of the mixed- use complex are $1. 1
billion with a 12 percent contingency rate for cost overruns and
unanticipated costs. Since construction could not begin until March 2003 at
the earliest, which is when the new Convention Center is slated to open,
this figure will likely change. The FCC's NMAM proposal is site specific and
may have to be substantially modified if the NMAM is located on other than
the existing Convention Center site.
2. What are the potential funding sources?
? The FCC's consultant identified the following potential sources of funding
for the $1. 1 billion of estimated costs for the mixed- use complex:
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 32
30
Information Currently Available on the Four Questions in Conference Report
? Unallocated infrastructure costs are estimated at $42 million and would be
covered by public funding sources.
? Commercial development costs are estimated at $564 million and would be
paid by private investment.
? Cultural development costs are estimated at $362 million and include the
NMAM's costs, which are estimated at $172. 5 million. FCC envisioned that
these costs would be covered by currently undefined sources it characterized
as sponsor contributions.
? Convention Center expansion development costs are estimated at $129
million and would be covered by currently undefined sources characterized as
sponsor contributions.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 33
31
Information Currently Available on the Four Questions in Conference Report
3. Is the proposed NMAM suited for the current Convention Center site?
? As previously noted, the Mayor has established a task force to study the
potential uses for the Convention Center site and to recommend the best uses
of the site. The task force has a three- phase plan to determine the best
use for the site and estimates that most major decisions about the specific
use of the site will be made between September 2001 and December 2001.
4. Does the NMAM proposal constitute the highest and best use of the
Convention Center site?
? As previously stated, the D. C. Office of Planning and the Mayor's task
force are currently implementing a redevelopment plan to determine the
highest and best use of the Convention Center site.
Enclosure GAO- 01- 537R National Museum of American Music Page 34
32
Agency Comments
? The FCC and the D. C. Office of Planning generally agreed with the
contents of our briefing slides. We have incorporated their comments as
appropriate throughout the briefing slides.
(194005)
*** End of document ***