[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 167 (Monday, August 31, 2026)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 55826-55835]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2026-17761]



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FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION

47 CFR Part 54

[WC Docket No. 26-173; FCC No. 26-52; FR ID 364115]


Maximizing Efficiencies in Universal Service Administration

AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: In this document, the Federal Communications Commission 
(Commission) seeks to improve the administration of the Universal 
Service Fund (USF or Fund) by seeking comment on four areas related to 
USF administration: current USF administration processes, i.e., the 
processes used by Universal Service Administrative Company (USAC) to 
administer the USF and the Commission's oversight of those processes; 
the structure of USF administration, that is, USAC's role and 
responsibilities related to USF administration; operating costs 
associated with USF administration; and the impact of USAC's Board of 
Directors on USF administration.

DATES: Comments are due on or before September 30, 2026 and reply 
comments are due on or before October 30, 2026. If you anticipate that 
you will be submitting comments but find it difficult to do so within 
the period of time allowed by this document, you should advise the 
contact listed below as soon as possible.

ADDRESSES: Pursuant to Sec. Sec.  1.415 and 1.419 of the Commission's 
rules, 47 CFR 1.415, 1.419, interested parties may file comments and 
reply comments on or before the dates indicated in the DATES section of 
this document. You may submit comments identified by WC Docket No. 26-
173, by any of the following methods:
     Electronic Filers: Comments may be filed electronically 
using the internet by accessing the ECFS: https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/.
     Paper Filers: Parties who choose to file by paper must 
file an original and one copy of each filing. If more than one docket 
or rulemaking number appears in the caption of a proceeding, the 
Commission's rules require paper filers to submit two additional copies 
for each additional docket or rulemaking number.
     Filings can be sent by hand or messenger delivery, by 
commercial overnight courier, or by first-class or overnight U.S. 
Postal Servicemail. All filings must be addressed to the Commission's 
Secretary, Office of the Secretary, Federal Communications Commission.
     Hand-delivered or messenger-delivered paper filings for 
the Commission's Secretary are accepted between 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. 
by the FCC's mailing contractor at 9050 Junction Drive, Annapolis 
Junction, MD 20701. All hand deliveries must be held together with 
rubber bands or fasteners. Any envelopes and boxes must be disposed of 
before entering the building.
     Commercial overnight mail (other than U.S. Postal Service 
Express Mail and Priority Mail) must be sent to 9050 Junction Drive, 
Annapolis Junction, MD 20701. U.S. Postal Service first-class, Express, 
and Priority mail must be addressed to 45 L Street NE, Washington, DC 
20554.
     Filings sent by U.S. Postal Service First-Class Mail, 
Priority Mail, and Priority Mail Express must be sent to 45 L Street 
NE, Washington, DC 20554.
     People With Disabilities: To request materials in 
accessible formats for people with disabilities (Braille, large print, 
electronic files, audio format), send an email to [email protected] or 
call the Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau at (202) 418-0530 
(voice), (202) 418-0432 (TTY).

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Stephanie Minnock 
[email protected], Telecommunications Access Policy Division, 
Wireline Competition Bureau, 202-418-7400 or TTY: 202-418-0484. 
Requests for accommodations should be made as soon as possible in order 
to allow the agency to satisfy such requests whenever possible. Send an 
email to [email protected] or call the Consumer and Governmental Affairs 
Bureau at (202) 418-0530.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This is a synopsis of the Commission's 
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) in WC Docket No. 26-173; FCC No. 
26-52, adopted on August 6, 2026 and released on August 7, 2026. The 
full text of this document is available for public inspection during 
regular business hours at Commission's headquarters 45 L Street NE, 
Washington, DC 20554 or at the following internet address: https://docs.fcc.gov/public/attachments/FCC-26-52A1.pdf.

Synopsis

I. Discussion

    At the outset, we seek comment broadly on ways to strengthen the 
administration, management, and oversight of the Fund. Efficient, 
accountable, and timely administration of the (Universal Service Fund 
(USF or Fund) is necessary to achieve Congress's direction to the 
Commission in Section 254 of the Communications Act (Act). However, 
poor management of those administrative tasks could lead to increased 
administrative costs, drawn-out application and audit processes, and 
unchecked waste, fraud, and abuse--all paid for by contributors and 
their rate-paying customers. As the steward of the Fund, and to ensure 
that USF administration is effective, efficient, and competitively 
neutral, we seek broad comment below on the operations, structure, 
costs, and management of the USF administrator. Are there additional 
measures that the Commission can implement to safeguard the USF from 
waste, fraud, and abuse? Are there ways to better effectuate the USF's 
statutory purpose of making access to affordable telecommunications 
services available to Americans nationwide? Commenters should provide 
specific recommendations for change and discuss the costs and benefits 
of their proposals in specific, rather than general, terms. Commenters 
should also note whether their recommendations require changes to the 
Commission's rules.

A. Program Governance To Ensure the Efficient Use of Finite USF Funds 
for USF Administration

    The Commission has a responsibility to ensure the efficient use of 
finite USF funds. In this section, we explore the current state of 
USAC's operations and the Commission's oversight of those operations, 
with particular emphasis on improvements to the audit and recovery 
processes, enhancing the speed of operations, and streamlining other 
internal USAC processes. Based on stakeholder feedback on the USAC 
Reform Public Notice, DA 26-367, released April 15, 2026, we seek 
comment on ways the Commission can create efficiencies in USAC's 
administration of the USF.
1. Efficiencies in USF Operations
    We seek comment on which USAC processes need streamlining or other 
improvements to promote transparency, accountability, and cost 
effectiveness in USF administration. In what situations does a lack of 
transparency increase burdens on participating providers, or cause 
unnecessary confusion in program administration? What additional 
accountability measures could the Commission implement to support our 
efforts to ensure that USF administration is efficient and effective?
    In addition to those general questions, we seek specific comment on 
whether additional requirements for USAC

[[Page 55827]]

decision documents could improve transparency and accountability. For 
example, should the Commission direct USAC to make written decisions 
resolving appeals publicly available on its website? Currently, when 
USAC denies a stakeholder appeal, that stakeholder might seek 
Commission review of USAC's decision, thereby bringing an issue, and 
USAC's application of the Commission's rules on that issue, to the 
Commission's attention. Conversely, when USAC grants a stakeholder's 
appeal, that stakeholder is not likely to seek Commission review of 
USAC's decision. Would public availability of USAC appeal decisions 
mitigate the risk that stakeholders would be taken by surprise by a 
subsequent change in course by USAC in response to Commission 
direction? Would making USAC's decisions of stakeholder appeals 
publicly available help improve transparency for stakeholders? Given 
that USAC cannot make policy decisions and is bound by Commission 
direction regarding the interpretation of the Communications Act and 
Commission rules and precedent, how could the Commission best ensure 
that publicly available USAC appeal decisions are not perceived as 
binding precedent? Would there be confidentiality issues associated 
with making USAC appeal decisions publicly available, and, if so, how 
could they be addressed?
    We also seek comment on whether to codify a requirement that USAC 
appeal decisions include citation to the Act, Commission rules, and/or 
Commission precedent. USAC currently provides citations to the Act, the 
Commission's rules, and relevant Commission precedent to support its 
decisions to grant or deny stakeholder appeals. Should the Commission 
codify this practice, e.g., formally require USAC to include citations 
in its analysis in its written decisions resolving stakeholder appeals? 
Codifying this practice could help ensure transparency for stakeholders 
and sufficient notice of unfavorable USAC decisions. However, USAC's 
failure to meet this citation requirement in a given instance would 
not, standing alone, itself be grounds for reversal or any other 
consequence.
    We seek comment on whether there are any changes that can be made 
to USAC's current outreach processes in its administration of the USF 
programs to enhance the efficiency of that outreach. We seek comment on 
whether and how USAC outreach to support applicants also should be 
provided to relevant service providers. In the case of general outreach 
to applicants as a whole, is sufficient information already available 
on USAC's website to also inform interested service providers, or would 
there be benefits to making additional information available? In the 
case of information requests or similar engagement between USAC and a 
specific applicant in the case of a pending application, an audit, or 
the like, should such engagement also include any relevant service 
provider(s) to help facilitate faster information gathering and 
responses? For example, when USAC is conducting outreach regarding a 
pending application or an audit, should applicants be given the option 
to identify certain service providers to be copied, or made aware of, 
certain correspondence with USAC to facilitate faster information 
gathering? Similarly, should service providers also be given the option 
to identify certain applicants to be copied on its correspondence with 
USAC? If so, how would such a process work? Are there potential 
downsides to increasing the number of recipients of USAC outreach and 
do those outweigh the potential benefits of faster response times? Are 
there other changes to USAC's current outreach processes that the 
Commission should consider? Is there information regarding applications 
that could be shared on the open data platform to provide service 
providers or applicants with greater insight into the status of the 
review?
    We seek comment as to whether a high-level performance review of 
USAC's administration, beyond current Commission oversight processes, 
would be beneficial to ensure USAC is administering the universal 
service support mechanisms in an efficient, effective, and 
competitively neutral manner. When the Commission appointed USAC the 
permanent administrator, it determined that a review of USAC's 
performance would help ``ensure that it is administering universal 
service in an efficient, effective, and competitively neutral manner,'' 
but a formal review has never been conducted. Should such a review be 
conducted regularly, going forward? Under what time frames should such 
review take place? We seek comment as to whether such review should 
include an opportunity for stakeholder input. We also seek comment on 
the costs to conduct such a review, including funds used by USAC to 
respond to the review.
    Should the Commission establish additional mechanisms by which 
stakeholders can raise concerns regarding the impact of USAC's 
processes on the efficient, effective and competitively neutral 
administration of the universal services support mechanisms? Currently, 
stakeholders have various avenues to raise issues with the Commission 
or USAC, including, but not limited to, utilizing USAC's program-
specific customer service resources, filing an appeal with USAC, 
sending a letter to the Commission, and/or requesting a meeting with 
Commission staff. If we were to establish an informal stakeholder 
forum, what should be the critical components and anticipated outcomes 
of such a process? Should an informal stakeholder forum be held on a 
regular basis, for example, biennially? Should these forums be used, 
among other things, as a mechanism to provide guidance to and engage 
with stakeholders on technical aspects of the electronic systems used 
in USF programs before undertaking technical changes to those systems? 
Should such coordination be limited to instances in which the 
Commission has directed USAC to implement large-scale system changes? 
USF stakeholders regularly interact with USAC on issues related to the 
administration of the USF support mechanisms. Would a process that more 
directly involves Commission staff increase program administration 
costs or add layers of review that could slow down efforts to improve 
day-to-day operation of the USF support mechanisms? Similarly, we 
invite commenters to discuss whether their experience with the 
administration of other government funding programs, such as state 
universal service programs or other federal or state broadband grant 
programs, could be beneficial examples to inform the administration of 
the USF. Are there examples of operational efficiencies in other 
government funding programs that could be applied to the administration 
of the USF?
    Are there operational inefficiencies that could be improved using 
artificial intelligence (AI)? What processes could be improved with AI, 
if any? Should AI be used to reduce operational turnaround times and 
costs? In what ways should it be used? Would efficiency in stakeholder 
engagement be improved with using AI resources to respond to 
stakeholder questions? How should any privacy and information security 
concerns be balanced with potential benefits of using AI in relation to 
our USF programs? What would be the financial impact of incorporating 
AI into the administration of USF? If AI is incorporated, what 
safeguards need to be put in place to ensure data integrity, 
governance, and quality assurance?
2. Speed of Operations
    In the USAC Reform Public Notice, WCB and OMD sought comment on

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changes that could improve USAC processes and reduce undue delays. 
Several stakeholders have commented that clear deadlines and shot 
clocks for various USAC operations would increase efficiency and 
transparency regarding the timing of decisions. We propose to require 
USAC to publicly report turnaround times or other metrics regarding 
responsiveness to add transparency around decision-making, and we seek 
comment on that proposal. What metrics on USAC decision-making and 
processes would stakeholders find helpful to have publicly available, 
beyond what is already provided through USAC's Open Data platform? 
Should such public reporting be included in existing USAC quarterly 
reports and appendices, or in separate reporting dashboards? We also 
propose to require USAC to monitor upcoming filing deadlines and the 
filing status of parties impacted by those deadlines and communicate to 
individual stakeholders regarding their filing status prior to the 
deadlines. We remind stakeholders that it is their responsibility to 
ensure timely compliance with all filing deadlines. Stakeholders will 
continue to have this responsibility even if the Commission requires 
USAC to provide the proposed additional notice to program participants; 
a lack of notice from USAC will not excuse or cure a failure to timely 
file a form or provide other required information.
    To reduce undue delays in USF administration, would it be 
beneficial for the Commission to establish deadlines or ``shot clocks'' 
for specific USAC processes? For example, the Commission could require 
USAC to follow a timeline for certain processes like application 
review, similar to how the Commission has a timeline of 180 days for 
its consideration of applications for transfers or assignments of 
licenses or authorizations relating to mergers. If the Commission took 
this approach, which specific USAC processes might benefit from a shot 
clock? Should we apply a shot clock only to workable applications, 
excepting those that require further information from applications or 
additional guidance from the Commission? How will actions taken when a 
shot clock expires affect future audits or recovery proceedings? If 
USAC fails to meet shot clock deadlines or if such deadlines expire, 
what consequences should there be? What are the cost and benefits of 
those consequences, including administrative costs incurred by USAC?
    Considering that gathering additional information from stakeholders 
can sometimes delay a review or approval process, how does the 
gathering of additional information affect a potential shot clock 
deadline? Under what circumstances could USAC or the Commission pause 
the shot clock?
    What other ways could the Commission ensure timely administrative 
functions while preventing administrative errors and waste, fraud, and 
abuse in the USF programs? Would using artificial intelligence (AI) 
tools to review applications, audits, and appeal review processes help 
reduce delays while maintaining accurate results?
    We invite commenters to provide specific examples of USAC processes 
that cause undue delay or burden on USF program participants. We also 
seek comment on successes USAC has had in improving its operations. 
What are examples of efficiencies that USAC has put in place that 
reduced delay or burdens on USF program participants? How could the 
Commission implement those positive steps elsewhere in USF operations?
3. Audits and Recoveries
    First, we explore ways to improve the efficiency of audits of USF 
program beneficiaries, and ways to ensure that the Commission is able 
to recover all improperly disbursed funding. Under the Payment 
Integrity Information Act of 2019 (PIIA), and related guidance from The 
Office of Management and Budget (OMB), the Commission is required to 
implement compliance audits to identify, estimate, report (e.g., in 
OMB's Annual Data Call), and reduce improper payments in its programs. 
The Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA) and OMB Circular 
A-123 require that the Commission report on the effectiveness of 
internal controls and certify, in its Annual Financial Reports, whether 
these controls effectively protect Commission programs from waste, 
fraud, and abuse.
    As a result of this framework, recipients of USF funds are subject 
to both random and risk-based compliance audits and other 
investigations and similar reviews to confirm compliance with program 
rules, which result in monetary recoveries for the USF when 
appropriate. In order to identify and assess the level of improper 
payments as well as test beneficiary compliance with Commission rules, 
in 2010, the Commission directed USAC to conduct Payment Quality 
Assurance (PQA) assessments and Beneficiary and Contributor Audit 
Program (BCAP) audits. BCAP is an annual compliance program designed to 
evaluate the compliance of USF beneficiaries and contributors with the 
Commission's USF rules. BCAP audits adhere to the Generally Accepted 
Government Auditing Standards (GAGAS), and in Commission-approved 
procedures, USAC tailors its audit samples to program-specific elements 
such as risk areas, size of disbursements, and beneficiary types. The 
PQA program is used to determine the baseline improper payment rate for 
each Commission program in accordance with the PIIA and the practices 
of other federal agencies. Because PQA assessments are designed to 
assess and report on improper payment rates on an annual deadline, PQA 
assessments are limited in scope and typically request information that 
can be gathered easily in a one-time request. Both types of reviews 
play an essential role in meeting the Commission's reporting 
obligations, reducing waste, fraud, and abuse in the USF programs. For 
example, in 2025 the Bureau issued six orders affirming USAC audit 
findings, which saved ratepayers over $9 million.
    Each USF program has its own BCAP audit requirements and USAC's 
processes for audit-related recovery letters, non-audit-related 
recovery letters, and appeal decision letters vary across the USF 
programs. Should the Commission consider revisions to its rules to 
standardize these processes to create uniformity across the programs, 
or does it make sense for different programs to have different 
processes? In addition, commenters have raised concerns about 
maintaining consistent standards during audits. How can the Commission 
clarify audit procedures and definitions prior to the commencement of 
individual audits while protecting the integrity of the audit 
processes? Should the Commission direct USAC to establish a 
communication channel for stakeholders to ask clarifying questions on 
requests for additional information during an audit? Are there BCAP 
audit approaches or mechanisms from other government programs that the 
Commission should consider implementing in USF audits? If commenters 
suggest any changes, they should indicate what, if any, changes are 
required to the existing rules in Subpart H of Part 54 as they pertain 
to audits or Subpart I of Part 54 as they pertain to review of 
decisions issued by USAC.
    Some commenters have suggested that we should adopt a de minimis 
exemption to random audit requirements such that USF support recipients 
receiving less than a certain amount of support per year would be 
exempt from random audits. Should we adopt this de minimis exemption? 
What should be the dollar amount of USF

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support received to qualify for a de minimis exemption? Should the 
dollar amount of support received accumulate across USF programs or be 
program specific to qualify for a de minimis exemption from random 
audits? Do other federal programs employ such exemptions and if so, is 
it pursuant to a specific statutory exemption? Are there any legal 
barriers to the Commission adopting such an exemption? Would doing so 
impact our compliance with government-wide financial requirements? What 
other considerations should determine whether a carrier qualifies for a 
de minimis exemption? How can the Commission ensure no waste, fraud, or 
abuse of USF support for carriers exempted from random audits? Without 
random audits of these support recipients, how can we uncover risk 
areas that may not already be known?
    Audits Procedures and Methodology. Additionally, we propose to 
amend Sec.  54.707 of the Commission's rules to clarify the 
administrator's ability to audit non-service provider beneficiaries of 
USF programs. We propose modifying Sec.  54.707 of the Commission's 
rules to explicitly include non-carrier beneficiaries (i.e., schools, 
libraries, health care providers) within USAC's audit authority. 
Beneficiaries may be audited pursuant to their application to and 
participation in USF programs, and audits are an important tool in 
rooting out waste, fraud, and abuse, regardless of where the non-
compliance originates. The current text of Sec.  54.707 of the 
Commission's rules, however, only explicitly mentions ``contributors 
and carriers.'' We seek comment on amending Sec.  54.707 of the 
Commission's rules to explicitly encompass non-carrier beneficiaries. 
Are there any other types of entities we should include in Sec.  54.707 
of the Commission's rules, and why?
    We further propose to modify Sec.  54.707 of the Commission's rules 
governing audit controls to codify USAC's ability to calculate 
recoveries by extrapolating from a statistically representative sample 
of the auditee's disbursements rather than seeking recovery for only 
the violations identified in the sample. Under this proposal, the 
statistically representative sample for the disbursements under audit 
would require a 90-95 percent confidence level and a 4-6 percent margin 
of error for samples. Codifying the use of extrapolations of recoveries 
based on a statistically representative sample could save audit costs 
for USAC and auditees by limiting audit inquiries only to the sample 
size needed to determine the appropriate recovery for the whole 
population of claims or activity by the auditee. Should USAC provide 
the recipient an opportunity to present additional evidence before 
withholding or recovering support? Should USAC also provide notice to 
the support recipient before any withholding or recovery, or would the 
opportunity to present additional evidence constitute sufficient notice 
to auditees?
    We seek comment on codifying the calculation of recoveries based on 
a statistically representative sample of disbursements. If the 
Commission were to adopt this codification, what other guardrails 
should be in place to ensure that the sample is representative and has 
the desired statistical properties? Should the methodology used by USAC 
to determine any given sample be made available for review and 
challenge by auditee? Should auditees be given the opportunity to 
demonstrate that the proportion of improper disbursements outside of 
the sample was less than the proportion in the sample? Commenters to 
the USAC Reform Public Notice urged that the Commission exercise 
caution before broadly applying sampling and extrapolation measures. 
Are there ways the Commission could address these concerns to ensure 
that extrapolation of audit results is reliable?
    We also seek comment on any program-specific issues related to 
extrapolation. Currently, the High Cost program's verifications of 
broadband deployment and the High Cost program's improper payment rates 
use extrapolation based on statistically representative samples. Should 
the Commission direct USAC to use extrapolation based on statistically 
representative samples to estimate support recovery amounts across all 
USF programs, not just the High Cost program? Are there programs for 
which extrapolation of audit results to determine recoveries may be 
more or less viable? For example, should extrapolations across 
different procurements be permitted in the E-Rate and RHC programs, 
even though each procurement is based on a different competitive 
bidding process?
    We seek comment on how USAC would select a statistically 
representative sample for the E-Rate, RHC, and Lifeline programs. To 
determine an appropriate sample size requires, at a minimum, specifying 
a desired confidence level and margin of error, and assuming an 
estimate for the unknown population standard deviation. Should the 
Commission specify either a uniform confidence level or a minimum 
confidence level (e.g., 95%)? Similarly, should the Commission specify 
a uniform or minimum margin of error (e.g., 5%)? To give auditees 
greater assurances that estimated recovery amounts will accurately 
reflect actual improper payments, should the Commission specify even 
more stringent uniform or minimum values for the confidence level 
(e.g., 99%) and margin of error (e.g., 1%)? Furthermore, how should the 
Commission estimate the unknown population standard deviation in each 
case to determine the appropriate sample size? Should it be allowed to 
assume a particular value or should it estimate the standard deviation 
based on a prior sample of disbursements?
    What other statistical issues may arise in choosing a statistically 
representative sample that should be accounted for? For example, if the 
observations are not statistically independent (e.g., correlated), such 
as may be the case with payments within the same state or Lifeline 
subscriptions within a household over time, the required sample size to 
achieve a given confidence level and margin of error would generally be 
greater. Should the Commission provide any guidance on choosing the 
correct sampling frame and selecting observations from that frame 
(e.g., stratified vs. simple random sampling)? Additionally, we seek 
comment on what dimensions, or variables, the Commission should use to 
stratify its sample.
    Recovery Timing. After USAC issues an audit finding or recovery, a 
party has 60 days to appeal USAC's decision to the Commission. We seek 
comment on the appropriate time after the issuance of an audit finding 
or initiation of other recovery action for the Commission to recover 
funds improperly disbursed. For USF contributions, providers must 
follow a pay-and-dispute procedure by which a provider pays the invoice 
in full by the due date or incurs interest, penalties, and potential 
Debt Collection Improvement Act (DCIA) proceedings regardless of any 
timely filed appeal. If USAC determines that a billing error was made, 
the contributor receives a refund.
    In other programs, however, the filing of an appeal currently stays 
a recovery. This approach delays the return of improperly disbursed 
funds. To create a more efficient process and obviate the delay of 
repayment of improperly disbursed funding, we seek comment on adopting 
a pay-and-dispute model for all USF programs whereby beneficiaries and 
service providers would be required to pay a recovery to USAC 
notwithstanding the filing of an appeal, such as a petition for 
reconsideration, so long as there has been a relevant Bureau or 
Commission-level decision.

[[Page 55830]]

    We also seek comment on what rules the Commission would need to 
alter to adopt a pay-and-dispute model. Should the Commission exempt 
USF debts from Sec.  1.1910(b)(3)(i) of the Commission's rules, which 
allows timely appeals and judicial proceedings to stay certain DCIA 
proceedings? Alternatively, should we modify 47 CFR 1.1910(b)(3)(i) to 
codify a pay-and-dispute policy, or clarify that payment is due after 
the Bureau issues an order upholding USAC's finding of improper 
payment, in the context of USF debts, even if the party subsequently 
files an application for review? Should the Commission clarify in its 
rules that an uncontested USAC decision satisfies the requirement that 
an affected party has been afforded an opportunity for review within 
the Commission as required by 47 CFR 1.1912? We seek comment on these 
options.
    Other Best Practices. Currently, USAC uses audit and other program-
specific reviews to detect improper disbursements, general program 
compliance, and to identify instances of waste, fraud, and abuse. When 
there are either known or highly suspected instances of alleged misuse 
of funds, failure to comply with program rules, or other potential 
waste, fraud, or abuse of funds, are there practices and policies that 
the Commission should consider adopting, consistent with federal law, 
beyond our existing mechanisms to combat waste, fraud, and abuse? For 
example, should the Commission establish additional procedures by which 
the Administrator must hold funding pending confirmation that the 
disbursement would comply with Commission rules? Are there practices 
and policies used by other federal agencies to mitigate acts of 
misconduct and prevent waste or misuse of federal funds that the 
Commission should consider adopting? Should the administrator expand 
use of AI in its document review for audits and program compliance?
    Are there other changes to the audit and recovery process, in 
addition to those proposed here or in the alternative to these 
proposals, that may streamline or make the audit and funding recovery 
process more efficient?
    Finally, we seek comment on whether USAC's auditors, whether 
internal USAC staff or third-party contractors, receive adequate 
training. To the extent that stakeholders think that additional 
training of USAC auditors is necessary, what kind of additional 
training should be provided? Should auditors receive additional 
training related to federal funding oversight? If so, what should that 
training include?

B. Operating Costs of Current USF Administration

    Next, we turn to USAC's operational costs and ways to minimize 
administrative costs involved in USF administration. USAC's budget 
includes expenses related to program operations, corporate costs (e.g., 
software), and professional expenses (e.g., staff salaries). USAC's 
annual operating budget is approved by the Commission and reviewed on a 
quarterly basis. The process begins with USAC setting an annual 
operating budget for administering the USF programs. USAC develops its 
annual budget by analyzing USAC's expenditures for the last five years 
and seeking input about anticipated costs from each of the program 
managers. This proposed budget then undergoes review by USAC 
executives. Once the annual operating budget is internally reviewed and 
approved, it is submitted to OMD and the USAC Board for review and 
feedback. USAC incorporates this feedback, and the Board reviews and 
approves the anticipated annual budget. Then, on a quarterly basis, 
USAC reviews and revises its operating budget. Then the quarterly 
budget, which may include revisions for administrative expense 
projections and expenditures from the last quarter, is sent to the 
Commission for review. The Commission provides feedback and may direct 
USAC to revise the quarterly budget to incorporate that feedback. At 
the end of every year, USAC reports its annual financial statement to 
the Commission; this statement is subject to change based on the 
completion of USAC's financial audit the following year.
    Budget. To streamline USAC's operational costs and ensure the 
responsible stewardship of USF funds, we seek comment on whether USAC's 
budget should be subject to a cap. In 2025, USAC's total operation 
expenses were $266,603,608. If USAC's budget is subject to a cap, 
should that cap be a fixed amount, a proportion of disbursed or 
projected support, or something else? If the cap is a fixed amount, 
what should that fixed amount be and should it be automatically 
adjusted each year for inflation? Should inflation adjustments be based 
on the Gross Domestic Product Chain-type Price Index used for E-Rate 
and RHC program inflation adjustments, or something else? If a cap is 
based on a proportion of operating expenses and disbursements, what 
should that proportion be? In 2025, USAC's operating expenses were 
3.06% of operating expenses plus disbursements. Based on that 
information, is there a specific proportion of operating expenses plus 
disbursements that could serve as a USAC budgetary cap? Finally, are 
there any other mechanisms that could be used to establish a USAC 
budget cap?
    We also seek comment on caps for specific purposes within USAC's 
budget. Should there be guidelines or limits on what percentage of the 
budget can be spent on specific resources? How much of USAC's budget 
should be dedicated towards, for example, information technology, 
outreach, contractors, and audits? Should USAC's administrative budget 
be reduced or limited? Would a reduction in the number of USAC staff in 
certain areas impair USAC's ability to successfully administer the USF? 
Are there any administrative functions and costs that should be cut or 
performed by Commission staff? Should USAC staff salaries and benefits 
be reevaluated? What percentage of USAC's budget should be dedicated to 
staff salaries? Should the Commission modify its MOU to memorialize the 
process by which USAC transmits its proposed annual budget to the 
Commission, which would include any foreseeable increase in outside 
vendor costs and new full-time employees to improve USAC's 
accountability on cost and how it allocates resources? If so, should an 
exception be carved out for Commission adoption of new rules or 
guidance requiring significant changes in the administration of the 
programs.
    USAC has external contracts with a variety of third parties for USF 
administration tasks, including tasks like audits of contributions and 
the USF programs, call center operations, certain application reviews, 
and IT development and maintenance. The Commission oversees USAC's 
procurements, and procurement processes are governed by the USAC MOU. 
We seek comment on stakeholders' experience working with contractors of 
USAC as compared to working with USAC staff. Are contractors 
knowledgeable enough about the USF contributions and program rules to 
effectively audit USF contributors and program participants? Does 
USAC's use of contractors result in inconsistent results in audits, 
reviews, and customer service inquiries?
    Reporting. The Commission requires USAC to file with the Commission 
and with Congress an annual report by March 31 of each year detailing 
its operations, activities, and accomplishments for the prior year, 
including actions performed to prevent waste, fraud, and abuse of 
universal

[[Page 55831]]

service funds. Additionally, the Commission requires USAC, on an annual 
basis, to retain an independent auditor to examine its operations and 
books of account to determine whether it is properly administering the 
Fund. We also note that the Commission requires USAC to maintain its 
books of account in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles (GAAP), to account for the financial transactions of the USF 
in accordance with government generally accepted accounting principles 
(GovGAAP), and to maintain the accounts of the USF in accordance with 
the U.S. Government Standard General Ledger (USGSGL). Moreover, the 
USAC MOU requires an agreed-upon procedures review (AUP), which is 
conducted annually by a third party procured by USAC.
    We seek comment on what changes to these reporting obligations 
should be made to better enable the Commission to evaluate USAC's 
ability to efficiently administer the USF. Are there changes to the 
USAC annual report or independent financial audit that would be 
beneficial? Are there other ways to analyze USAC's administrative costs 
that are not presented by either the annual report or the independent 
financial audit? Should the Commission amend Sec.  54.717 of the 
Commission's rules to include other types of review? For example, 
should the Commission require the external review of the matters 
generally covered by the AUP to be codified in Sec.  54.717 of the 
Commission's rules? Or should the Commission retain the flexibility to 
designate matters subject to the AUP? Should the Commission 
periodically require external review, through a consultant report, of 
whether USAC efficiently allocates resources, whether such operations 
are cost-effective, and ways to improve communications among USAC staff 
and management to improve implementation and administration of USF 
programs? If so, and the external review finds that USAC's operations 
are not cost-effective, what remediation process should the Commission 
require? How should USAC be required to report on that remediation to 
the Commission? Are there any other ways to make USAC's operations more 
cost effective?
    Board of Director Costs. Finally, we seek comment on administrative 
costs related to USAC's Board of Directors. Currently, the 20-person 
Board is reimbursed for the costs of travel, lodging, and meals when 
attending USAC's quarterly board meetings. We seek comment on whether 
there are more efficient ways to conduct board meetings that do not 
require such expenditures. We seek comment on the benefit of requiring 
meetings to be held in-person in Washington DC, as compared to 
conducting meetings online. We propose modifying Sec.  54.703(e) of the 
Commission's rules to remove the requirement that all USAC board 
meetings be held in Washington, DC, and seek comment on that proposal. 
Would this enable Board meetings to be conducted in a more cost-
effective manner?

C. Structure of USF Administration

    USAC has been the administrator of the USF programs since shortly 
after the Telecommunications Act of 1996 passed. As previous 
Commissions have done during periodic reviews of USF administration, we 
seek comment on the utility of maintaining a permanent administrator of 
the USF, and the effect of that choice on USF administrative expenses. 
What would be the benefits and drawbacks of moving away from having a 
permanent administrator? Are there other alternatives to a permanent 
administrator that would increase efficiency, cut costs, and streamline 
USF administration? If so, what are those alternatives? Should 
Commission staff handle portions of USF administration directly? Does 
the Commission's staff have sufficient expertise and capacity to handle 
portions of USF administration? How would bringing portions of USF 
administration in-house impact the Commission's budget?
    We seek comment on whether there is any benefit to having the 
Commission handle specific functions of USF administration. We ask 
commenters to identify both the function and the benefit provided by 
having the Commission bring a particular administrative function ``in-
house.'' In response to the USAC Reform Public Notice, one commenter 
suggested eliminating USAC's role in billing and collection for USF 
contributions and instead bringing all contributions functions inside 
the Commission. The billing and collection function was assigned to 
USAC at its creation during a time when the funds were held outside the 
Treasury in a private bank account. Since that time, the Commission has 
moved the Universal Service Fund to the U.S. Treasury. Given that any 
payment out of the Treasury requires approval by a certifying officer 
at the Commission, currently USAC only makes payment recommendations. 
We propose updating our rules to remove any obsolete language and 
accurately reflect how USF funds are held.
    If the Commission does retain a permanent administrator, should 
that administrator continue to be USAC or should other candidates be 
considered? What issues and criteria should the Commission consider in 
determining whether to explore a different administrator? What should 
be the basis for revoking the role of permanent administrator, if an 
entity is named as one and proves not to be a good steward? What other 
organizations currently have the expertise and infrastructure to 
administer the USF? Commenters should discuss the advantages and 
disadvantages of selecting a new administrator, as well as the minimum 
qualifications for potential administrators and the optimal agreement 
duration, including any option years, for a new administrator. Should 
potential administrators be limited to not-for-profit corporations? How 
would a change in the administrative structure affect the neutrality of 
USF administration?

D. USAC's Board of Directors

    The USAC Board of Directors (Board) was established to ensure 
significant, meaningful representation from a balanced cross-section of 
industry and beneficiaries of and contributors to the USF support 
mechanisms that would enable USAC to implement the USF support 
mechanisms in a neutral and efficient manner. Although the Commission 
emphasized the importance of broad representation of stakeholder 
interests on the Board, it noted that the Board should not be so large 
that it is unable to give USAC the prompt and effective guidance needed 
to undertake its responsibilities.
    The Commission's rules specify that USAC shall have a twenty-member 
Board of Directors, which includes the CEO, and mandate three-year 
Board member terms. Except for the CEO, each of the Board members 
represents a specific constituency--including beneficiaries of or 
contributors to--the USF. The Commission's rules contemplate that each 
Board member will be nominated by its peers, so that each seat on the 
Board reflects specific stakeholder interests. The Commission Chair 
reviews the nominations and selects each member of the Board.
    In response to the USAC Reform Public Notice, stakeholders 
suggested that changes to the Board structure would be beneficial to 
USF administration. We seek comment on some of these recommendations, 
as well as Board-related matters including conflicts of interest, board 
composition, Board member terms, and Board committees.

[[Page 55832]]

    Conflicts of Interest. First, we seek comment on ways that we can 
ensure that Board members, who represent the companies and 
organizations most likely to benefit from universal service funding, 
can avoid conflicts of interest. The MOU between the Commission and 
USAC states that USAC's Board members ``shall avoid any organizational 
or personal conflicts of interest or the appearance of a conflict of 
interest in any aspect of the management of the USF, including the USF 
programs, and the operations of USAC.'' A conflict of interest is 
defined as a situation in which a Board member ``has a financial 
interest, personal interest, or relationship that could impair that 
person's ability to act impartially and in the best interest of the USF 
when performing their assigned role, or is engaged in self-dealing.''
    USAC requires Board members to annually disclose personal and 
familial financial interests in entities with which USAC has a 
relationship (e.g., USF beneficiaries or recipients, or a party to 
legal action against USAC), which is consistent with Commission 
requirements. Board members are also required to annually complete an 
ethics and confidentiality training module. Despite these measures, 
Board members are required to be representatives of USF contributors 
and beneficiaries. Since these members are responsible both to their 
employers and to USAC, the GAO 2024 USAC Report, publicly released 
August 22, 2024, noted that this structure leads to the appearance of 
conflicts of interest.
    We propose to update and improve the Commission's rules regarding 
conflicts of interest for all USAC Board members. Does having Board 
members acknowledge and accept their responsibilities and agree to 
comply with the provisions within the Board's ethics policy suffice to 
mitigate potential conflicts of interest? Are there other ways in which 
the Commission could mitigate potential conflicts?
    We propose to require Board members to sign USAC's ethics policy 
annually. Should Commission rules, and not just USAC's ethics policy, 
require USAC Board members, when acting in their capacity as Board 
members, to represent the overall interests of USAC as the 
administrator of the Fund, and not just the interests of the Board 
member's personal employer or the constituency represented by their 
seat on the Board? If so, how should the Commission define a conflict 
of interest for this purpose?
    Should the Commission adopt additional conflict of interest rules 
that apply only to USAC Board members? Should Board members be 
prohibited from inquiring into matters that could benefit their 
employer or the constituency represented by their seat on the Board? We 
seek comment on how this would impact individuals' willingness to serve 
on the USAC Board. Should we exclude certain categories of individuals, 
such as USF program or contributions consultants, from serving on the 
USAC Board altogether?
    Reducing the Number of USAC Board Members. Should the Commission 
reduce the size of USAC's Board? Specifically, we seek comment on 
reducing the size of the USAC Board from 20 to 13 members. Commenters 
have advocated for a reduction in the size of USAC's Board, suggesting 
a reduction of the Board to no fewer than five members and no more than 
15 members. We invite comment on this proposal. Would reducing the size 
of USAC's Board improve efficiency in the management of USAC?
    Modifying USAC Board Composition. In response to the USAC Reform 
Public Notice, we received recommendations to modify the composition of 
the USAC Board to ensure that Board members have expertise in 
administrative areas such as financial management, audits, information 
security, and program administration. Because the USAC Board may 
benefit from having members of the Board that have expertise in 
financial management, audits, information security, and program 
administration, we seek comment on whether to modify the composition of 
the USAC Board.
    What are the benefits and drawbacks of modifying the composition of 
the board so that half the members have expertise in one or more USF 
programs (e.g., representatives from schools, libraries, or rural 
areas, service providers, consumer advocates, or state 
representatives), and the other half of the Board is comprised of 
individuals not affiliated with any USF stakeholders but that instead 
have specific substantive areas of administrative expertise (e.g., 
corporate management, accounting, grant management, auditing, 
procurement expertise, and information technology)? Should we require 
that some Board members have expertise in federal oversight? Should the 
current constituency categories be merged? Are there any that should be 
eliminated? What criteria should be used to determine what categories 
should be modified? Should the categories be eliminated? Is the current 
level of stakeholder representation necessary for the proper management 
of USF programs, as one commenter suggested? How should the Commission 
compare the benefits of that representation with the potential ethical 
issues of having representatives with financial interests in the USF 
participate in oversight of USAC? Is expertise in the USF programs 
alone enough to provide adequate representation on the Board? What 
level of administrative experience should Board members have?
    We also seek comment on other approaches to modifying the 
composition of the Board, such as selecting Board members based solely 
on qualifications that would support USAC's administration of the USF. 
Should we modify the Commission's rules to allow any interested member 
of the public the opportunity to nominate a USAC Board member? This 
could broaden the candidate pool and provide Commission leadership the 
ability to select Board members from among all qualified nominations 
received.
    Terms for USAC Board Members. Given that staggered terms reduce the 
likelihood that there will be multiple vacancies pending appointment of 
replacement Board members, we propose to maintain the staggered three-
year terms and seek comment on this approach. We seek comment on 
whether USAC board members should be subject to term limits and, if so, 
how many terms should be permitted for each individual. We also seek 
comment on under what circumstances a USAC Board member may be removed 
prior to the end of their term.
    Updating USAC Board Committees. The Commission's rules establish 
three USAC Board Programmatic Committees with responsibility for 
different USF programs: (1) the High Cost and Low Income Committee; (2) 
the Schools and Libraries Committee; and (3) the Rural Health Care 
Committee. There is also an Audit Committee and an Executive Committee. 
Each of the Programmatic Committees is ``vested with the powers and 
authority necessary to maintain the unique missions and functions of 
the schools and libraries, rural health care, and high cost and low 
income support mechanisms, respectively.''
    We seek comment on the extent to which the Board Programmatic 
Committees are influencing and improving USAC's administration of the 
four USF programs. We seek comment on whether the Commission should 
create a committee, with members appointed by the Commission Chair, to 
provide oversight over USAC's internal administration (e.g., management 
of IT systems and projects, functions shared across USF programs, and 
USAC administrative and procurement expenses), to ensure efficient and 
cost-effective administration of the USF. In

[[Page 55833]]

light of the proposed reduction to the size of the USAC Board, we also 
seek comment on how this would impact Board committees. We seek comment 
on modifying our rules to eliminate Board Programmatic Committees and 
create committees focused only on audits and on USAC governance and 
risk. We seek comment on amending the Commission's rules to require 
each committee of the USAC Board to implement measures to improve the 
efficiency and effectiveness of the administration of their respective 
programs. What measures should we adopt to meet this goal? We also seek 
comment on whether the Commission should promulgate additional rules 
setting forth responsibilities for Board committees and clarify how 
these committees are subject to Commission oversight.

II. Procedural Matters

    Paperwork Reduction Act Analysis. This document does not contain 
proposed information collection(s) subject to the Paperwork Reduction 
Act of 1995 (PRA), Public Law 104-13. In addition, therefore, it does 
not contain any new or modified information collection burden for small 
business concerns with fewer than 25 employees, pursuant to the Small 
Business Paperwork Relief Act of 2002, Public Law 107-198, see 44 
U.S.C. 3506(c)(4).
    Regulatory Flexibility Act. The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, 
as amended (RFA), requires that an agency prepare a regulatory 
flexibility analysis for notice and comment rulemakings, unless the 
agency certifies that ``the rule will not, if promulgated, have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities.'' Accordingly, the Commission has prepared an Initial 
Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA) concerning the possible impact 
of potential rule and/or policy changes contained in this NPRM. The 
Commission invites the general public, in particular small businesses, 
to comment on the IRFA. Comments must be filed by the deadlines for 
comments on the NPRM indicated in the DATES section of this document 
and must have a separate and distinct heading designating them as 
responses to the IRFA.
    Ex Parte Presentations. This proceeding shall be treated as a 
``permit-but-disclose'' proceeding in accordance with the Commission's 
ex parte rules. Persons making ex parte presentations must file a copy 
of any written presentation or a memorandum summarizing any oral 
presentation within two business days after the presentation (unless a 
different deadline applicable to the Sunshine period applies). Persons 
making oral ex parte presentations are reminded that memoranda 
summarizing the presentation must: (1) list all persons attending or 
otherwise participating in the meeting at which the ex parte 
presentation was made, and (2) summarize all data presented and 
arguments made during the presentation. If the presentation consisted 
in whole or in part of the presentation of data or arguments already 
reflected in the presenter's written comments, memoranda or other 
filings in the proceeding, the presenter may provide citations to such 
data or arguments in his or her prior comments, memoranda, or other 
filings (specifying the relevant page and/or paragraph numbers where 
such data or arguments can be found) in lieu of summarizing them in the 
memorandum. Documents shown or given to Commission staff during ex 
parte meetings are deemed to be written ex parte presentations and must 
be filed consistent with Commission rule 1.1206(b). In proceedings 
governed by Commission rule 1.49(f) or for which the Commission has 
made available a method of electronic filing, written ex parte 
presentations and memoranda summarizing oral ex parte presentations, 
and all attachments thereto, must be filed through the electronic 
comment filing system available for that proceeding, and must be filed 
in their native format (e.g., .doc, .xml, .ppt, searchable .pdf). 
Participants in this proceeding should familiarize themselves with the 
Commission's ex parte rules.
    Providing Accountability Through Transparency Act: Consistent with 
the Providing Accountability Through Transparency Act, Public Law 118-
9, a summary of this document will be available on https://www.fcc.gov/proposed-rulemakings.

III. Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis

    As required by the Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, as amended 
(RFA), the Commission has prepared this IRFA of the policies and rules 
proposed in the NPRM assessing the possible significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities. In addition, the NPRM and 
IRFA (or summaries thereof) will be published in the Federal Register.

A. Need for, and Objectives of, the Proposed Rules

    The NPRM seeks comment on ways to strengthen the administration, 
management, and oversight of the Universal Service Fund (USF or Fund) 
and its administrator, the Universal Service Administrative Company 
(USAC). The Commission is required by section 254 of the Communications 
Act of 1934, as amended, to promulgate rules to implement the universal 
service provisions of section 254, which allow for the availability of 
affordable telecommunications services to consumers living in high-cost 
areas, low-income consumers, eligible schools and libraries, and rural 
health care providers. On May 8, 1997, the Commission adopted rules 
that reformed its system of universal service support mechanisms so 
that universal service is preserved and advanced as markets move toward 
competition. USAC is responsible for administration of the USF 
programs, including activities related to collection and disbursement 
of program support, and producing timely and relevant data and analysis 
to inform the Commission's policymaking and oversight of the USF and 
the USF programs. Since the appointment of USAC as the permanent 
administrator of USF in 1998, no major review of USAC has been 
conducted. Given the passage of time since the Commission last 
conducted a wide-ranging review of USAC and its relevant processes, we 
seek comment on strengthening USAC's internal processes and improving 
its management structure to increase efficiency in the administration 
of USF programs. As part of our ongoing commitment that our standards 
continue to serve the public interest, we also seek comment on whether 
the Commission's oversight framework for USAC implements best 
practices, including standards for accountability and transparency.

B. Legal Basis

    The proposed action is authorized under sections 1, 2, 4(i)-(j), 
254, 201(b), 303(r), and 403 of the Communications Act of 1934, as 
amended, of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, as amended, 47 U.S.C. 
151, 152, 154(i)-(j), 201(b), 254, 303(r), and 403.

C. Description and Estimate of the Number of Small Entities to Which 
the Proposed Rules Will Apply

    The RFA directs agencies to provide a description of and, where 
feasible, an estimate of the number of small entities that may be 
affected by the proposed rules, if adopted. The RFA generally defines 
the term ``small entity'' as having the same meaning as the terms 
``small business,'' ``small organization,'' and ``small governmental 
jurisdiction.'' In addition, the term ``small business'' has the same 
meaning as the term

[[Page 55834]]

``small business concern'' under the Small Business Act. A ``small 
business concern'' is one which: (1) is independently owned and 
operated; (2) is not dominant in its field of operation; and (3) 
satisfies any additional criteria established by the SBA. The SBA 
establishes small business size standards that agencies are required to 
use when promulgating regulations relating to small businesses; 
agencies may establish alternative size standards for use in such 
programs, but must consult and obtain approval from SBA before doing 
so.
    Our actions, over time, may affect small entities that are not 
easily categorized at present. We therefore describe three broad groups 
of small entities that could be directly affected by our actions. In 
general, a small business is an independent business having fewer than 
500 employees. These types of small businesses represent 99.9% of all 
businesses in the United States, which translates to 34.75 million 
businesses. Next, ``small organizations'' are not-for-profit 
enterprises that are independently owned and operated and not dominant 
in their field. While we do not have data regarding the number of non-
profits that meet that criteria, over 99 percent of nonprofits have 
fewer than 500 employees. Finally, ``small governmental jurisdictions'' 
are defined as cities, counties, towns, townships, villages, school 
districts, or special districts with populations of less than fifty 
thousand. Based on the 2022 U.S. Census of Governments data, we 
estimate that at least 48,724 out of 90,835 local government 
jurisdictions have a population of less than 50,000.
    The rules proposed in the NPRM will apply to small entities in the 
industries identified in the chart below by their six-digit North 
American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes and corresponding 
SBA size standard. Where available, we also provide additional 
information regarding the number of potentially affected entities in 
the industries identified in Table 1 (2022 U.S. Census Bureau Data by 
NAICS Code), Table 2 (Telecommunications Services Provider Data and 
Table 3 (E-Rate Funding Data.

D. Description of Economic Impact and Projected Reporting, 
Recordkeeping, and Other Compliance Requirements for Small Entities

    The RFA directs agencies to describe the economic impact of 
proposed rules on small entities, as well as projected reporting, 
recordkeeping and other compliance requirements, including an estimate 
of the classes of small entities which will be subject to the 
requirements and the type of professional skills necessary for 
preparation of the report or record.
    The NPRM seeks comment on changes that would improve USAC's 
operations and management functions, audits and recovery processes, and 
efficiency of the USAC annual audit. The NPRM proposes to explicitly 
include non-carrier beneficiaries, such as participating schools, 
libraries, and health care providers, within USAC's audit authority. 
The NPRM also seeks comment on USAC's board reorganization and 
streamlining of USAC's budget. Changes to the rules may be associated 
with new or additional costs to adjust to new compliance obligations, 
associated audits, collections, evaluation, and appeals for small 
service providers that voluntarily choose to participate in the USF 
programs. Small entities may need to hire professionals to comply with 
the requirements that may be adopted as a result of the proposals and 
matters discussed in the NPRM. Changes in rules may be associated with 
cost to adjust to new compliance rules associated audits, collections, 
evaluation, and appeals.
    In accordance with our requests for comments in the NPRM mall 
entities are encouraged to provide specific information pertaining to 
the costs, benefits, and impacts of any potential reporting, 
recordkeeping, or compliance requirements we discuss. We expect the 
comments we receive to include information on the costs and benefits, 
and other pertinent matters that should help us identify and evaluate 
relevant issues for small entities, including compliance costs and 
other burdens (as well as countervailing benefits), so that we may 
develop final rules that minimize such costs and address such issues to 
the extent possible.

E. Discussion of Significant Alternatives Considered That Minimize the 
Significant Economic Impact on Small Entities

    The RFA directs agencies to provide a description of any 
significant alternatives to the proposed rules that would accomplish 
the stated objectives of applicable statutes, and minimize any 
significant economic impact on small entities. The discussion is 
required to include alternatives such as: ``(1) the establishment of 
differing compliance or reporting requirements or timetables that take 
into account the resources available to small entities; (2) the 
clarification, consolidation, or simplification of compliance and 
reporting requirements under the rule for such small entities; (3) the 
use of performance rather than design standards; and (4) an exemption 
from coverage of the rule, or any part thereof, for such small 
entities.''
    The NPRM seeks comment throughout on the ways in which operational 
changes to USAC might impact USF program stakeholders, and on the 
burdens of those proposed rule changes, and any alternatives, on 
providers, which includes small providers and beneficiaries 
participating in the USF programs. For example, the Commission seeks 
comment on whether to adopt an exemption to the proposed audit 
requirements for recipients that receive less than a certain amount of 
USF support, and seeks comment on what amount of support should allow 
providers or recipients to qualify for this exemption. In considering 
whether and how to update rules to recover improperly disbursed funds, 
the NPRM seeks comment on whether to adopt a revised pay-and-dispute 
model for all USF programs, which may allow the Commission to recover 
funds from some providers earlier than required under the current 
rules.
    The Commission expects to more fully consider the economic impact 
and alternatives for small entities following the review of comments 
filed in response to the NPRM, including cost and benefit analyses. 
Having data on the costs and economic impact of proposals and possible 
approaches we discuss will allow the Commission to better evaluate 
options and alternatives to minimize any significant economic impact on 
small entities that may result from the proposals and approaches, if 
adopted. The Commission's evaluation of this information will shape the 
final alternatives it considers to minimize any significant economic 
impact that may occur on small entities, the final conclusions it 
reaches and any final rules it promulgates in this proceeding.

F. Federal Rules That May Duplicate, Overlap, or Conflict With the 
Proposed Rules

    None.

IV. Ordering Clauses

    Accordingly, It is ordered that, pursuant to sections 1, 2, 4(i)-
(j), 201(b), 254, 303(r), and 403 of the Communications Act of 1934, as 
amended, and section 706 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, as 
amended, 47 U.S.C. 151, 152, 154(i)-(j), 201(b), 254, 303(r), 403, and 
1302, this Notice of Proposed Rulemaking is adopted.
    It is further ordered that, pursuant to applicable procedures set 
forth in Sec. Sec.  1.415 and 1.419 of the Commission's

[[Page 55835]]

rules, 47 CFR 1.415, 1.419, interested parties may file comments on 
this Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on or before September 30, 2026 and 
reply comments are due on or before October 30, 2026.

List of Subjects in 47 CFR Part 54

    Communications common carriers, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Telecommunications, Telephone.

Federal Communications Commission.
Marlene Dortch,
Secretary.

Proposed Rules

    For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Federal 
Communications Commission proposes to amend 47 CFR part 54 as follows:

PART 54--UNIVERSAL SERVICE

0
1. The authority citation for part 54 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  47 U.S.C. 151, 154(i), 155, 201, 205, 214, 219, 220, 
229, 254, 303(r), 403, 1004, 1302, 1601-1609, and 1752, unless 
otherwise noted.
0
2. Amend Sec.  54.703 by revising paragraph (e) to read as follows:


Sec.  54.703  The Administrator's Board of Directors.

* * * * *
    (e) All meetings of the Administrator's Board of Directors shall be 
open to the public.
* * * * *
0
3. Amend Sec.  54.707 by revising paragraph (a) and adding paragraph 
(d) to read as follows:


Sec.  54.707  Audit controls.

    (a) The Administrator shall have the authority to audit 
contributors, and carriers, and beneficiaries (including participating 
schools, libraries, and health care providers) reporting data to the 
Administrator. The Administrator shall establish procedures to verify 
discounts, offsets and support amounts provided by the universal 
service support programs, and may suspend or delay discounts, offsets, 
and support amounts provided to a carrier if the contributor, carrier, 
or beneficiary fails to provide adequate verification of discounts, 
offsets, or support amounts provided upon reasonable request, or if 
directed by the Commission to do so. The Administrator shall not 
provide reimbursements, offsets or support amounts pursuant to subparts 
D, K, L and M of this part to a carrier until the carrier has provided 
to the Administrator a true and correct copy of the decision of a state 
commission designating that carrier as an eligible telecommunications 
carrier in accordance with Sec.  54.202.
* * * * *
    (d) The Administrator shall have the authority when conducting an 
audit to calculate a recovery based on extrapolation of a statistically 
representative sample of disbursements at issue in the audit.

[FR Doc. 2026-17761 Filed 8-28-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6712-01-P