[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 166 (Friday, August 28, 2026)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 55451-55454]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2026-17584]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 39

[Docket No. FAA-2026-8789; Project Identifier AD-2026-00678-E; 
Amendment 39-23454; AD 2026-17-10]
RIN 2120-AA64


Airworthiness Directives; Lycoming Engines

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Final rule; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for 
certain Lycoming Engines (Lycoming) Model O-235, O-540, and IO-540 
engines with a certain piston pin installed. This AD was prompted by 
several reports of piston pin failure that resulted in metal 
particulate contamination in the engine oil and engine failure. This AD 
requires replacement of the affected piston pin with a part eligible 
for installation and, for certain engines, oil change and visual 
inspection of the engine oil filter, oil pressure screen, and oil 
suction screen for metal particulates. This AD also prohibits the 
installation of an affected piston pin on any engine. The FAA is 
issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products.

DATES: This AD is effective September 14, 2026.
    The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by 
reference of certain publications listed in this AD as of September 14, 
2026.
    The FAA must receive comments on this AD by October 13, 2026.

ADDRESSES: You may send comments, using the procedures found in 14 CFR 
11.43 and 11.45, by any of the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to regulations.gov. Follow 
the instructions for submitting comments.
     Fax: (202) 493-2251.
     Mail: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket 
Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New 
Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590.
     Hand Delivery: Deliver to Mail address above between 9 
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
    AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under 
Docket No. FAA-2026-8789; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD 
docket

[[Page 55452]]

contains this final rule, any comments received, and other information. 
The street address for Docket Operations is listed above.
    Material Incorporated by Reference:
     For Lycoming material identified in this AD, contact 
Lycoming Engines, 652 Oliver Street, Williamsport, PA 17701; phone: 
(800) 258-3279; website: lycoming.com/contact/knowledge-base/publications.
     You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness 
Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue, 
Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this 
material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. It is also available at 
regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2026-8789.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ramanpreet Singh, Aviation Safety 
Engineer, FAA, 1701 Columbia Avenue, College Park, GA 30337; phone: 
(516) 228-7300; email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Comments Invited

    The FAA invites you to send any written data, views, or arguments 
about this final rule. Send your comments using a method listed under 
the ADDRESSES section. Include ``Docket No. FAA-2026-8789; Project 
Identifier AD-2026-00678-E'' at the beginning of your comments. The 
most helpful comments reference a specific portion of the final rule, 
explain the reason for any recommended change, and include supporting 
data. The FAA will consider all comments received by the closing date 
and may amend this final rule because of those comments.
    Except for Confidential Business Information (CBI) as described in 
the following paragraph, and other information as described in 14 CFR 
11.35, the FAA will post all comments received, without change, to 
regulations.gov, including any personal information you provide. The 
agency will also post a report summarizing each substantive verbal 
contact received about this final rule.

Confidential Business Information

    CBI is commercial or financial information that is both customarily 
and actually treated as private by its owner. Under the Freedom of 
Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552), CBI is exempt from public 
disclosure. If your comments responsive to this AD contain commercial 
or financial information that is customarily treated as private, that 
you actually treat as private, and that is relevant or responsive to 
this AD, it is important that you clearly designate the submitted 
comments as CBI. Please mark each page of your submission containing 
CBI as ``PROPIN.'' The FAA will treat such marked submissions as 
confidential under the FOIA, and they will not be placed in the public 
docket of this AD. Submissions containing CBI should be sent to 
Ramanpreet Singh, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1701 Columbia Avenue, 
College Park, GA 30337. Any commentary that the FAA receives which is 
not specifically designated as CBI will be placed in the public docket 
for this rulemaking.

Background

    The FAA received reports from Lycoming of metal particulates found 
in the engine oil during oil change and two non-detectable engine 
failures on Lycoming Model O-235, O-540, and IO-540 engines. A 
manufacturer investigation revealed that certain thin-wall piston pins 
were manufactured with microcracks and inclusions in the base metal due 
to honing and tooling process changes from the piston pin supplier, 
making the pins more susceptible to failure. Piston pin failure can 
cause metal debris to circulate throughout the engine, which can damage 
bearings and other cylinders and can block oil passages and lead to oil 
starvation. As a result, Lycoming Engines published updated service 
material with a list of affected engines and instructions for 
replacement of the affected piston pins and inspection of the oil for 
metal particulates. The FAA is issuing this AD to prevent failure of 
the piston pins. This condition, if not addressed, could result in 
engine failure, loss of thrust control, in-flight shutdown, damage to 
the airplane, and loss of control of the airplane. The FAA is issuing 
this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products.

FAA's Determination

    The FAA is issuing this AD because the agency determined the unsafe 
condition described previously is likely to exist or develop in other 
products of the same type design.

Material Incorporated by Reference Under 1 CFR Part 51

    The FAA reviewed Lycoming Mandatory Service Bulletin No. (MSB) 
667A, dated March 12, 2026 (Lycoming MSB 667A), which identifies 
affected engine serial numbers and specifies procedures for the 
replacement of affected piston pins with a part eligible for 
installation. Lycoming MSB 667A also specifies procedures for oil 
change and visual inspection of the engine oil filter, oil pressure 
screen, and oil suction screen for metal particulates. The FAA also 
reviewed Lycoming Service Instruction No. 1009BE, dated April 24, 2020, 
which identifies the compliance times between overhauls for certain 
Lycoming Model engines. This material is reasonably available because 
the interested parties have access to it through their normal course of 
business or by the means identified in the ADDRESSES section.

AD Requirements

    This AD requires replacement of the affected piston pin with a part 
eligible for installation and, for certain engines, oil change and 
visual inspection of the engine oil filter, oil pressure screen, and 
oil suction screen for metal particulates. This AD also prohibits the 
installation of an affected piston pin on any engine.

Differences Between This AD and the Referenced Material

    This AD requires oil change and visual inspection of the engine oil 
filter, oil pressure screen, and oil suction screen for metal 
particulates within 5 hours time-in-service (TIS) unless done within 
last 10 hours TIS, while Lycoming MSB 667A does not have this 
requirement.

Justification for Immediate Adoption and Determination of the Effective 
Date

    Section 553(b) of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) (5 U.S.C. 
551 et seq.) authorizes agencies to dispense with notice and comment 
procedures for rules when the agency, for ``good cause,'' finds that 
those procedures are ``impracticable, unnecessary, or contrary to the 
public interest.'' Under this section, an agency, upon finding good 
cause, may issue a final rule without providing notice and seeking 
comment prior to issuance. Further, section 553(d) of the APA 
authorizes agencies to make rules effective in less than thirty days, 
upon a finding of good cause.
    An unsafe condition exists that requires the immediate adoption of 
this AD without providing an opportunity for public comments prior to 
adoption. The FAA has found that the risk to the flying public 
justifies forgoing notice and comment prior to adoption of this rule 
because piston pin microcracks and inclusions are difficult to detect 
prior to failure, and can result in internal damage to the engine, in-
flight shutdown, and loss of control of the airplane. The FAA has 
determined that affected engines will need to be inspected and have 
affected piston pins replaced within 25 hours time-in-service or 
earlier after the effective date of this AD depending on the engine 
model. Additionally, the compliance

[[Page 55453]]

time in this AD is shorter than the time necessary for the public to 
comment and for publication of the final rule. Accordingly, notice and 
opportunity for prior public comment are impracticable and contrary to 
the public interest pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553(b).
    In addition, the FAA finds that good cause exists pursuant to 5 
U.S.C. 553(d) for making this amendment effective in less than 30 days, 
for the same reasons the FAA found good cause to forgo notice and 
comment.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) do not 
apply when an agency finds good cause pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553 to adopt 
a rule without prior notice and comment. Because FAA has determined 
that it has good cause to adopt this rule without prior notice and 
comment, RFA analysis is not required.

Costs of Compliance

    The FAA estimates that this AD affects 957 engines installed on 
airplanes of U.S. registry.
    The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD:

                                                 Estimated Costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     Cost per      Cost on U.S.
                Action                         Labor cost           Parts cost        product        operators
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Replacement of piston pin, oil change,  2 work-hours x $85 per            $2,200          $2,370      $2,268,090
 and oil inspection.                     hour = $170.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The FAA has included all known costs in its cost estimate. 
According to the manufacturer, however, some of the costs of this AD 
may be covered under warranty, thereby reducing the cost impact on 
affected operators.

Authority for This Rulemaking

    Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to 
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the 
authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs 
describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
    The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in 
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. 
Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight 
of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for 
practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary 
for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that 
authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to 
exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action.

Regulatory Findings

    This AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 
13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, 
on the relationship between the national government and the States, or 
on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various 
levels of government.
    For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD:
    (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive 
Order 12866, and
    (2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39

    Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by 
reference, Safety.

The Amendment

    Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the 
Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows:

PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES

0
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.


Sec.  39.13  [Amended]

0
2. The FAA amends Sec.  39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness 
directive:

2026-17-10 Lycoming Engines: Amendment 39-23454; Docket No. FAA-
2026-8789; Project Identifier AD-2026-00678-E.

(a) Effective Date

    This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective September 14, 
2026.

(b) Affected ADs

    None.

(c) Applicability

    This AD applies to Lycoming Engines Model O-235, -A, -AP, -B, -
BP, -C, -C1, -C1A, -C1B, -C1C, -C2A, -C2B, -C2C, -E1, -E1B, -E2A, -
E2B, -F1, -F1B, -F2A, -F2B, -G1, -G1B, O-235-G2A, O-235-G2B, O-235-
H2C, O-235-J2A, O-235-J2B, O-235-K2A, O-235-K2B, -K2C, -L2A, -L2C, -
M1, -M2C, -M3C, -N2A, -N2C, -P1, -P2A, -P2C, and -P3C; O-540-A1A, -
A1A5, -A1B5, -A1C5, -A1D, -A1D5, -A2B, -A3D5, -A4A5, -A4B5, -A4C5, -
A4D5, -A4E5, -B1A5, -B1B5, -B1D5, -B2A5, -B2B5, -B2C5, -B4A5, -B4B5, 
-D1A5, -E4A5, -E4B5, -E4C5, -F1A5, -F1B5, -G1A5, -G2A5, -H1A5, -
H1A5D, -H1B5D, -H2A5, -H2A5D, -H2B5D, -J1A5D, -J1B5D, -J1C5D, -
J1D5D, -J2A5D, -J2B5D, -J2C5D, -J2D5D, -J3A5, -J3A5D, -J3C5D, and -
L3C5D; IO-540-A1A5, -AA1A5, -AA1B5, -AB1A5, -AE1A5, -AC1A5, -AF1A5, 
-B1B5, -AG1A5, -B1A5, -B1C5, -C1B5, -C1C5, -C2C, -C4B5, -C4B5D, -
C4C5, -C4D5, -C4D5D, -D4A5, -D4B5, -D4C5, -E1A5, -E1B5, -E1C5, -
G1A5, -G1B5, -G1C5, -G1D5, -G1E5, -G1F5, -J4A5, -K1A5, -K1A5D, -
K1B5, -K1B5D, -K1C5, -K1D5, -K1E5, -K1E5D, -K1F5, -K1F5D, -K1G5, -
K1G5D, -K1H5, -K1J5, -K1J5D, -K1K5, -K2A5, -L1A5, -L1A5D, -L1B5D, -
L1C5, -M1A5, -M1A5D, -M1B5D, -M1C5, -M2A5D, -N1A5, -P1A5, -R1A5, -
S1A5, -T4A5D, -T4B5, -T4B5D, -T4C5D, -U1A5D, -U1B5D, -V4A5, -V4A5D, 
-W1A5, -W1A5D, and -W3A5D engines with a serial number listed in 
Table 2 or Table 3 of Lycoming Mandatory Service Bulletin No. (MSB) 
667A, dated March 12, 2026 (Lycoming MSB 667A), and an installed 
piston pin having part number (P/N) LW-13445 with an FAA Form 8130-3 
from the original equipment manufacturer for production dated 
between January 7, 2021 to December 15, 2025. If the production date 
on the FAA Form 8130-3 cannot be determined, or if the FAA Form 
8130-3 is not available, this AD is applicable.

(d) Subject

    Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) Code 8530, Reciprocating 
Engine Cylinder Section.

(e) Unsafe Condition

    This AD was prompted by reports from Lycoming of metal 
particulates found in the engine oil during oil change and two non-
detectable engine failures. The FAA is issuing this AD to prevent 
failure of the piston pin. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, 
could result in engine failure, loss of thrust control, in-flight 
shutdown, damage to the airplane, and loss of control of the 
airplane.

(f) Compliance

    Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, 
unless already done.

(g) Definitions

    (1) For the purpose of this AD, a ``part eligible for 
installation'' is one of the following:

[[Page 55454]]

    (i) A piston pin that does not have P/N LW-13445.
    (ii) A piston pin having P/N LW-13445 with an FAA Form 8130-3 
from the original equipment manufacturer for production that is not 
dated between January 7, 2021 to December 15, 2025.
    (2) For the purpose of this AD, an ``affected piston pin'' is a 
piston pin having P/N LW-13445 and one of the following:
    (i) An FAA Form 8130-3 from the original equipment manufacturer 
for production dated between January 7, 2021 to December 15, 2025.
    (ii) An FAA Form 8130-3 from the original equipment manufacturer 
for which the production date on the Form 8130-3 cannot be 
determined.
    (iii) An FAA Form 8130-3 that is not available.

(h) Required Actions

    (1) For all affected engines, perform an oil change and visual 
inspection of the engine oil filter, oil pressure screen, and oil 
suction screen for metal particulates as follows:
    Note 1 to paragraph (h)(1): Guidance for engine oil filter, oil 
pressure screen, and oil suction screen inspection instructions and 
identification of metallic solids may be found in Lycoming MSB No. 
480F, dated May 25, 2017.
    (i) For engines listed in Table 3 of Lycoming MSB 667A with 
greater than 150 total hours time-in-service (TIS) since 
installation of the affected piston pins: before further flight.
    (ii) For all other affected engines: if an oil change has not 
been performed within the last 10 hours TIS, then within 5 hours TIS 
after the effective date of this AD.
    (2) At the applicable compliance time required in paragraph 
(h)(2)(i), (ii), or (iii) of this AD, replace any affected piston 
pin with a part eligible for installation in accordance with the 
Required Action of Lycoming MSB 667A, as applicable to engine model.
    (i) For engines where metal particulates were found during the 
oil change and inspection required by paragraph (h)(1)(i) or (ii) of 
this AD: before further flight.
    (ii) For engines where metal particulates were not found during 
the oil change and inspection required by paragraph (h)(1)(i) or 
(ii) of this AD and with a serial number listed in Table 2 of 
Lycoming MSB 667A: at the next maintenance event requiring the 
removal of a cylinder assembly with an affected piston pin, or at 
the next engine overhaul not to exceed the time between overhaul 
specified in Lycoming Service Instruction No. 1009BE, dated April 
24, 2020, whichever occurs first after the effective date of this 
AD.
    (iii) For engines where metal particulates were not found during 
the oil change and inspection required by paragraph (h)(1)(i) or 
(ii) of this AD and with a serial number listed in Table 3 of 
Lycoming MSB 667A that have 150 hours total TIS or less since 
installation of the affected pins: within 25 hours TIS after the 
effective date of this AD but before or upon reaching 150 total 
hours TIS since installation of the affected piston pins.

(i) Installation Prohibition

    After the effective date of this AD, do not install an affected 
piston pin as defined in paragraph (g)(2) of this AD, on any engine.

(j) No Return of Parts

    Although the service material specifies returning certain parts 
to the manufacturer, this AD does not include those requirements.

(k) Special Flight Permits

    (1) Special flight permits may be issued in accordance with 14 
CFR 21.197 and 21.199199 for the replacement requirements of this AD 
provided no metal particulates are found during the inspection 
required by this AD.
    (2) Special flight permits, as described in 14 CFR 21.197 and 
21.199, are not allowed for the visual inspection of the engine oil 
filter, oil pressure screen, and oil suction screen for metal 
particulates requirement of this AD.

(l) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)

    The Manager, East Certification Branch, FAA, has the authority 
to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures 
found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your 
request to your principal inspector or local Flight Standards 
District Office, as appropriate. If sending information directly to 
the manager of the East Certification Branch, send it to the 
attention of the person identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this AD 
and email to: [email protected]. Before using any approved AMOC, notify 
your appropriate principal inspector, or lacking a principal 
inspector, the manager of the local flight standards district 
office/certificate holding district office.

(m) Additional Information

    (1) For more information about this AD, contact Ramanpreet 
Singh, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1701 Columbia Avenue, College 
Park, GA 30337; phone: (516) 228-7300; email: [email protected].
    (2) Material identified in this AD that is not incorporated by 
reference is available at the address specified in paragraph (n)(3) 
of this AD.

(n) Material Incorporated by Reference

    (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the 
incorporation by reference (IBR) of the material listed in this 
paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51.
    (2) You must use this material as applicable to do the actions 
required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise.
    (i) Lycoming Mandatory Service Bulletin No. 667A, dated March 
12, 2026.
    (ii) Lycoming Service Instruction No. 1009BE, dated April 24, 
2020.
    (3) For Lycoming material identified in this AD, contact 
Lycoming Engines, 652 Oliver Street, Williamsport, PA 17701; phone: 
(800) 258-3279; website: lycoming.com/contact/knowledge-base/publications.
    (4) You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness 
Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue, 
Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this 
material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110.
    (5) You may view this material at the National Archives and 
Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability 
of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations or email [email protected].

    Issued on August 21, 2026.
Paul R. Bernado,
Acting Director, Compliance & Airworthiness Division, Aircraft 
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2026-17584 Filed 8-26-26; 11:15 am]
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