[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 120 (Wednesday, June 24, 2026)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 38084-38122]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2026-12734]



[[Page 38083]]

Vol. 91

Wednesday,

No. 120

June 24, 2026

Part II





Department of the Interior





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 Bureau of Land Management





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43 CFR Parts 3000, 3100, 3110 et al.





Oil and Gas Leasing; Proposed Rule

Federal Register / Vol. 91, No. 120 / Wednesday, June 24, 2026 / 
Proposed Rules

[[Page 38084]]


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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Bureau of Land Management

43 CFR Parts 3000, 3100, 3110, 3120, 3130, 3140, 3150, 3160, and 
3180

[Docket No. BLM-2025-0037; A2407-014-004-065516; #O2509-014-004-125222; 
256 LLHQ310000 L13100000.PP0000]
RIN 1004-AF05


Oil and Gas Leasing

AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is proposing to revise its 
oil and gas leasing regulations to reflect new requirements in the One 
Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBB); policy direction in Executive Orders 
(E.O.) entitled Unleashing American Energy and Ensuring Lawful 
Governance and Implementing the President's ``Department of Government 
Efficiency'' Deregulatory Initiative and Modernizing Payments To and 
From America's Bank Account; and policy guidance in Secretary's Order 
entitled Unleashing American Energy. In addition, the proposed rule 
would reflect provisions of the Royalty Resiliency Act, which pertains 
to applications for oil and gas agreements for allocation schedules 
that outline how royalties would be distributed across different leases 
within the agreement. The BLM proposes to return the minimum bond 
amounts to those prior to the finalization of the 2024 rule. Finally, 
the proposed rule would improve the BLM's leasing process to ensure 
stewardship of public lands as required by the Mineral Leasing Act 
(MLA) and as directed by the OBBB and the above Executive orders.

DATES: Send your comments on this proposed rule to the BLM on or before 
August 24, 2026. The BLM is not obligated to consider any comments 
received after this date in making its decision on the final rule.
    Information Collection Requirements: This proposed rule includes 
revised and rescinded information-collection requirements that must be 
approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). If you wish to 
comment on the information-collection requirements, please note that 
those comments should be sent directly to OMB. OMB may file public 
comments on the collection of information contained in this proposed 
rule between 30 and 60 days after publication of this document in the 
Federal Register. Therefore, a comment to the OMB on the proposed 
information-collection revisions is best assured of being given full 
consideration if the OMB receives it by July 24, 2026.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments using one of these methods:
     Mail, personal, or messenger delivery: U.S. Department of 
the Interior, Director (630), Bureau of Land Management, 1849 C St. NW, 
Room 5646, Washington, DC 20240, Attention: 1004-AF05.
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. 
In the Search-box, enter ``BLM-2025-0037'' and click the ``Search'' 
button. Follow the instructions at this website.

For Comments on Information--Collection Activities

    Information-Collection Requirements: Written comments and 
suggestions on the information-collection requirements should be 
submitted to https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/PRAMain. Find this 
specific information-collection by selecting ``Currently under Review--
Open for Public Comments'' or by using the search function.
    If you submit comments on these information-collection burdens, you 
should provide the BLM with a copy at one of the addresses shown 
earlier in this section so that we can summarize all written comments 
and address them in the final rulemaking. Please indicate ``Attention: 
Paperwork Reduction Act Comments (RIN 1004-AF05).'' Comments not 
pertaining to the proposed rule's information-collection burdens should 
not be submitted to OMB. The BLM is not obligated to consider or 
include in the Administrative Record for the final rule any comments 
that are improperly directed to OMB.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John Ajak, Acting Division Chief for 
the Division of Fluid Minerals, telephone: (505) 549-9654, or email: 
[email protected], for information regarding the substance of this proposed 
rule or about the BLM's fluid minerals program. For questions relating 
to regulatory process issues, contact Faith Bremner at email: 
[email protected]. Individuals in the United States who are deaf, blind, 
hard of hearing, or have a speech disability may dial 711 (TTY, TDD, or 
TeleBraille) to access telecommunications relay services for contacting 
Mr. Cowan. Individuals outside the United States should use the relay 
services offered within their country to make international calls to 
the point-of-contact in the United States.
    For a summary of the rule, please click on the Docket Details tab 
in docket number BLM-2025-0037 on www.regulations.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. List of Acronyms
II. Executive Summary
III. Public Comment Procedures
IV. Background
V. Discussion of the Proposed Rule
VI. Procedural Matters

I. List of Acronyms

APD = Application for Permit to Drill
BLM = Bureau of Land Management
CFR = Code of Federal Regulations
COA = Condition of Approval
CRA = Compensatory Royalty Agreement
DOI = Department of the Interior
DoW = Department of War
E.O. = Executive Order
EOI = Expression of Interest
FLPMA = Federal Land Policy and Management Act
GAO = Government Accountability Office
IBLA = Interior Board of Land Appeals
IRA = Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
MLA = Mineral Leasing Act of 1920, as amended (MLA is also referred 
to as ``Act'' in the regulations.)
MLAAL = Mineral Leasing Act for Acquired Lands of 1947, as amended
NEPA = National Environmental Policy Act
NPR-A = National Petroleum Reserve--Alaska
OBBB = One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025
OIG = Department of Interior's Office of Inspector General
OIRA = Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs
OMB = Office of Management and Budget
ONRR = Office of Natural Resources Revenue
PRA = Paperwork Reduction Act
RIA = Regulatory Impact Analysis
RMP = Resource Management Plan
ROW = Right-of-way
RRA = Royalty Resiliency Act of 2024
SBA = Small Business Administration
S.O. = Secretary's Order
SME = Subject matter expert
U.S.C. = United States Code

II. Executive Summary

    This proposed rule aims to enhance the administration of oil and 
gas-related activities on America's public lands and includes 
requirements in the OBBB, as well as policy direction in E.O.s and 
S.O.s issued by the administration.
    Specifically, the proposed rule eliminates the leasing preference 
criteria, modifies the public participation periods, reintroduces 
noncompetitive leasing, and provides a mechanism for holding 
replacement oil and gas lease sales. This rulemaking implements 
provisions of the OBBB and President Trump's January 20, 2025, E.O. 
14154, entitled ``Unleashing American Energy,'' which directs the 
removal of impediments imposed on the development and use of our 
Nation's abundant energy and natural resources. In addition, the 
proposed rule would return minimum bond amounts to the

[[Page 38085]]

levels in place prior to the 2024 Fluid Mineral Leases and Leasing 
Process rule (2024 Leasing Rule) (89 FR 30916 (April 23, 2024)). The 
proposed rule would ensure that America's natural resources can be used 
to restore American prosperity through advancing innovation to improve 
the energy development and production capacity of the United States in 
a way that would provide a reliable, diversified, growing, and 
affordable supply of energy to meet the Nation's needs for security and 
prosperity. The BLM has determined that the changes proposed in this 
rulemaking would reduce barriers to the use of Federal lands for energy 
development, consistent with the BLM's mission to manage the public 
lands for multiple use and sustained yield, in accordance with the 
applicable E.O.s, S.O.s, and the Mineral Leasing Act, as amended by the 
OBBB. The Secretary of the Interior manages the Federal onshore oil and 
gas program pursuant to the requirements of various statutes, including 
the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976, as amended (43 
U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (FLPMA); the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920, as 
amended (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.) (MLA); and the Mineral Leasing Act for 
Acquired Lands of 1947, as amended (30 U.S.C. 351 et seq.) (MLAAL); as 
well as the recently enacted Royalty Resiliency Act (RRA) of 2024 (Pub. 
L. 118-81).

III. Public Comment Procedures

    If you wish to comment on this proposed rule, you may submit your 
comments to the BLM by mail, personal or messenger delivery, or through 
https://www.regulations.gov (see the ADDRESSES section). Please make 
your comments on the proposed rule as specific as possible, confine 
them to issues pertinent to the proposed rule, explain the reason for 
any changes you recommend, and include any supporting documentation. 
Where possible, your comments should reference the specific section or 
paragraph of the proposal that you are addressing (for example, ``43 
CFR 3104.1 Bond Amounts''). The BLM is not obligated to consider or 
include in the administrative record for the final rule any comments 
received after the close of the comment period (see DATES) or comments 
delivered to an address other than those listed previously (see 
ADDRESSES).
    Comments, including names and street addresses of respondents, will 
be available for public review at the address listed under ``ADDRESSES: 
Mail, personal or messenger delivery'' during regular hours (7:45 a.m. 
to 4:15 p.m. eastern time), Monday through Friday, except holidays. 
Before including your address, telephone number, email address, or 
other personal identifying information in your comment, be advised that 
your entire comment--including your personal identifying information--
may be made publicly available at any time. While you can ask us in 
your comment to withhold from public review your personal identifying 
information, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so.
    As explained later, this proposed rule includes revisions to 
information collection requirements that must be approved by the OMB. 
If you wish to comment on the revised information collection 
requirements in this proposed rule, please note that such comments must 
be sent directly to the OMB in the manner described in the ADDRESSES 
section. The OMB is required to make a decision concerning the 
collection of information contained in this proposed rule between 30 
and 60 days after publication of this document in the Federal Register. 
Therefore, a comment to the OMB on the proposed information collection 
revisions is best assured of being given full consideration if the OMB 
receives it by July 24, 2026.

IV. Background

    The BLM is undertaking this rulemaking for two primary reasons: (1) 
To implement revisions to the MLA by the OBBB and to make the 
regulations consistent with the policy direction provided for in E.O.s 
and S.O.s that were issued in early January 2025; and (2) To ensure 
that all regulatory requirements related to leasing and development of 
oil and gas from Federal lands are grounded in applicable law. As 
documented in S.O. 3418, which was issued in February 2025,\1\ the BLM 
aims to reduce barriers to the use of Federal lands for energy 
development, consistent with FLPMA's principle of managing the public 
lands on the basis of multiple use and sustained yield.
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    \1\ DOI, S.O. 3418--Unleashing American Energy, www.doi.gov/document-library/secretary-order/so-3418-unleashing-american-energy.
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    The Secretary of the Interior manages Federal oil and gas resources 
pursuant to the MLA, MLAAL, and other statutes pertaining to specific 
categories of lands. The BLM is the agency within the Department of the 
Interior (DOI) responsible for regulating onshore oil and gas leasing 
activities for federally managed lands and subsurface mineral estate. 
The BLM regulations governing onshore oil and gas leasing activities 
are set out in 43 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) parts 3000, 3100, 
3110, 3120, 3130, 3140, 3150, 3160, and 3180.
    Today, Federal onshore oil and gas production accounts for 
approximately 15 percent of domestically produced oil and 9 percent of 
domestically produced natural gas. As of the end of Fiscal Year 2024, 
the BLM managed 32,758 Federal oil and gas leases covering 22.2 million 
acres with nearly 91,006 wells that are capable of production.

A. Enhancing the Administration of the Federal Onshore Oil and Gas 
Program

    The BLM is undertaking this proposed rulemaking for the purposes of 
rescinding regulations that have created needless impediments to the 
development and use of our Nation's abundant energy and natural 
resources and removing regulations that are not required by or are not 
clearly tied to the best reading of the underlying statutory authority, 
as directed by President Trump's January 20, 2025, E.O. 14154, entitled 
Unleashing American Energy and E.O. 14219, entitled Ensuring Lawful 
Governance and Implementing the President's ``Department of Government 
Efficiency'' Deregulatory Initiative. The proposed rule would also 
implement Secretary Burgum's February 3, 2025, S.O. 3418, entitled 
Unleashing American Energy. In addition, this proposed rulemaking would 
implement the changes required by the OBBB and the policy direction in 
President Trump's January 20, 2025, E.O. 14156, entitled Declaring a 
National Energy Emergency, by improving the United States' energy 
leasing, development, and production capacity to provide a reliable, 
diversified, growing, and affordable supply of energy for our Nation 
using existing authorities to the fullest extent possible.
1. The Mineral Leasing Act
    The MLA requires the BLM to establish such standards as may be 
necessary to ensure that an adequate bond, surety, or other financial 
arrangement will be established prior to the commencement of surface-
disturbing activities on any lease. These funds ensure the complete and 
timely reclamation of the lease tract, and the restoration of any lands 
or surface waters adversely affected by lease operations after the 
abandonment or cessation of oil and gas operations on the lease (30 
U.S.C. 226(g)). The MLA further requires the BLM to include in oil and 
gas leases ``such provisions as [it] deem[s] necessary . . . for the 
protection of the interests of the United States . . . and for the 
safeguarding of the public welfare'' (see 30 U.S.C. 187).

[[Page 38086]]

    When bond levels are raised too high, they tie up significant 
amounts of capital in an unproductive capacity, adding another cost 
that, in combination with the numerous other costs of operating, can 
lead to less development and less production contrary to the policy 
direction in E.O. 14154. As required by the MLA, bonds are submitted 
prior to the commencement of surface-disturbing activities on a lease. 
The BLM raised the minimum bond amounts in the 2024 Leasing Rule based 
on its authority in the MLA and in response to various reports by the 
Government Accountability Office (GAO) and the Department's Office of 
Inspector General (OIG).\2\ In summary, these reports repeatedly warned 
that outdated minimum bond amounts provide an inadequate incentive for 
companies to meet their reclamation obligations and taxpayers 
responsible for cleanup in the event that operators walk away. The 
minimum bond amounts are currently $150,000 for individual lease bonds, 
and $500,000 for statewide bonds.\3\
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    \2\ See, e.g., OIG, ``Inspector General's Statement Summarizing 
the Major Management and Performance Challenges Facing the U.S. 
Department of the Interior'' (Nov. 2022); GAO, ``OIL AND GAS--Bureau 
of Land Management Should Address Risk from Insufficient Bonds to 
Reclaim Wells'' (Sept. 2019); GAO, ``Oil and Gas: Bureau of Land 
Management Needs to Improve Its Data and Oversight of Its Potential 
Liabilities,'' (May 2018).
    \3\ The BLM also eliminated nationwide and unit bonds. Refer to 
43 CFR 3104.1 and 3104.90.
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    The BLM is proposing to return the bond amounts to those in effect 
prior to the 2024 Oil and Gas Leasing Rule as it believes the previous 
minimum bond amounts are sufficient given the BLM's ability to adjust 
bond amounts as necessary during its periodic bond reviews. The BLM 
eliminated nationwide bonds in 2024 and is now considering whether the 
BLM should re-instate nationwide bonds and, if so, at what level.
    Although the BLM is proposing to reduce the current minimum bond 
amounts, it retains sufficient statutory and regulatory authority to 
increase the bond amount to ensure that the BLM is meeting its 
statutory obligation under section 226(g) of the MLA. For example, 
during periodic bond adequacy reviews, the BLM can revise the minimum 
bond amount. See 43 CFR 3104.50. The BLM's policies, such as 
Instruction Memorandum 2024-014, Oil and Gas Bond Adequacy Reviews, 
emphasizes securing the appropriate bond amounts considering the number 
of wells on each bond and their characteristics and provide the BLM 
with the flexibility to set higher bond amounts for at-risk companies, 
as well as to impose more stringent interim and final reclamation 
requirements, implement additional bond reviews, and develop other 
measures to limit the risk to the U.S. taxpayer from a lessee failing 
to meet it reclamation obligations.
    To address GAO and OIG concerns, the BLM strengthened its bond 
adequacy review process in IM2024-014 by implementing risk-based 
reviews, standardizing scoring, and instituting strict timelines for 
corrective action. The policy also introduced procedures to eliminate 
``empty liability'' bonds (those where there is no well covered by the 
bond), enhanced enforcement protocols, and requires a full liability 
bond for operators with over 50 percent of wells considered idled under 
42U.S.C.15907(a)(2), ensuring that bond adequacy reflects actual 
liability and risk. These updates create a dynamic system that allows 
the BLM to increase bond amounts when warranted, meet its statutory 
obligations and protect taxpayers, while avoiding unnecessarily high 
minimum bond amounts that could restrict development and conflict with 
broader energy policy goals.
2. Providing Adequate Cost Recovery Mechanisms
    As explained in greater detail in Section V below, under Discussion 
of the Proposed Rule, the BLM is proposing to revise the onshore oil 
and gas program's cost-recovery mechanisms. The BLM, in conjunction 
with this rulemaking, evaluated those costs, which informed the 
proposed adjustments to the onshore program's application fees.

B. Implementing Recently Enacted Laws Concerning the Federal Onshore 
Oil and Gas Program

    On July 4, 2025, the President signed the OBBB (Pub. L. 119-21). 
That law repealed several provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act 
(IRA) and further amended the MLA. Specifically, the OBBB repealed 
section 50262(a) of the IRA, thereby returning the minimum royalty rate 
for oil and gas production to 12.5 percent. It also returned the 
royalty rate for reinstated leases to 16.67 percent. The OBBB made 
several other changes, such as restoring noncompetitive leasing; 
requiring four lease sales each fiscal year in enumerated States; 
defining ``eligible'' and ``available'' as those terms are used in the 
MLA; requiring the BLM to offer for lease sale 50 percent of the 
available parcels nominated in a resource management plan (RMP); 
holding a replacement sale if a sale is cancelled, delayed, or deferred 
or if 25 percent or more of the parcels do not receive a bid. The OBBB 
also enacted further reforms of the oil and gas leasing program, such 
as increasing the term of an APD to 4 years and providing for new 
provisions governing commingling of oil and gas production. The BLM has 
published final rules, direct to final rules, and a commingling 
proposed rule to implement many of the provisions in the OBBB. In this 
proposed rule, the BLM is proposing to include a noncompetitive leasing 
process in 43 CFR part 3110 and to implement the OBBB provisions 
related to replacement oil and gas lease sales, as well as ensuring 
that all of the other sections of the regulations are consistent with 
the OBBB.
    Congress enacted the RRA (Pub. L. 118-81) in 2024 to direct the 
Federal Government to require reporting and payment for production and 
royalty based on the proposed allocation of production for pending 
Federal oil and gas agreements (e.g., unit and communitization 
agreements) until the BLM issues a final decision on the agreement. 
Through this rulemaking, the BLM proposes to revise the regulations to 
reflect the requirements of the RRA.

V. Discussion of the Proposed Rule

A. Summary

    The proposed modifications to parts 3000, 3100, 3110, 3120, 3130, 
3140, 3150, 3160, and 3180 are described in detail in the following 
section-by-section discussion.
    The BLM is proposing modifications to these parts to implement 
policy direction in E.O.s 14154 and 14219, as well as S.O. 3418, and to 
implement changes required by the OBBB and the RRA. In addition, the 
BLM proposes to remove all the appendices found under 43 CFR 3186 Model 
Forms and relocate these form documents to the BLM's forms web page, 
because these are form documents that do not belong in the regulations.
    In the final 2024 Leasing Rule, the BLM removed regulatory section 
designations that had no text associated with them, and the titles of 
those deleted section designations became undesignated center headings. 
These undesignated center headings serve as section guideposts in the 
regulations. These headings break up large subparts and group together 
sections that cover particular subject areas. This proposed rule would 
similarly add, remove, and revise undesignated center headings 
throughout the regulatory text. Each section of each subpart, and each 
provision within those sections, is

[[Page 38087]]

separate and severable from the other sections and provisions.

B. Section-by-Section Discussion

    The following discussion addresses the proposed changes to the 
existing regulations. If a provision is not specifically discussed in 
this section-by-section analysis, then the provision would remain 
unchanged.
1. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR part 3000
    The proposed rule does not revise any section headings in the 
existing part 3000 regulations.
Section 3000.5 Definitions
    The BLM is proposing to amend the introductory sentence in this 
section from simply referencing parts 3000 and 3100, to refencing all 
of 43 CFR Subchapter C, Minerals Management (3000). The proposed rule 
would move the definitions for ``acreage for which expressions of 
interest have been submitted'' and ``acres offered for lease'' to the 
definitions in 43 CFR subpart 3100, which is specific to oil and gas 
leasing, without any changes to the language.
    The proposed rule would clarify the definition for ``interest'' to 
remove the original 43 CFR 3101.20 citation, because that regulatory 
section designation no longer exists.
Section 3000.10 Nondiscrimination
    The BLM proposes to remove this section in its entirety, as it is 
based on E.O. 11246, entitled Equal Employment Opportunity, which 
President Trump revoked on January 21, 2025, through E.O. 14173, 
entitled Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based 
Opportunity. E.O. 14173 reaffirms that longstanding Federal civil 
rights laws protect individuals from discrimination based on race, 
color, religion, sex, or national origin, serving as a foundation for 
equality of opportunity for all Americans. The BLM no longer requires 
this section in its mineral leasing regulations, as existing civil 
rights laws sufficiently provide protections against discrimination.
Section 3000.100 Fees in general
    The proposed rule would revise the effective dates for filing fees 
provided for in paragraph (d) to coincide with the effective date of a 
final rule. No other changes would be made.
Section 3000.120 Fee Schedule for Fixed Fees
    The BLM established these fixed filing fees pursuant to the 
authority in FLPMA, which authorizes the BLM to obtain reimbursement 
for the BLM's processing costs related to applications under 43 CFR 
Subchapter C. The BLM may use these fees to support BLM's software 
needed to manage oil and gas leasing and post leasing maintenance. The 
BLM proposes to re-arrange the fixed filing fees list set out in Table 
1 to Paragraph (a) so they are arranged in alphabetical order for each 
program. The proposed rule would also reduce the filing fee for 
competitive oil and gas lease applications from $3,100 to $155, and 
lease consolidations from $575 to $320 for the reasons explained below. 
The proposed rule would add a new $1 per page filing fee for protests, 
including attachments or exhibits, that are over 50 pages, and remove 
the $30 filing fee for renewal exploration permits in Alaska. The BLM 
posts these fees on its website, www.blm.gov/fixed-filing-fee-schedule-blm-energy-and-minerals.
    In addition to the fee changes in this proposed rule, on August 1, 
2025, the BLM issued a final rule to effectuate section 50101(d)(3) of 
the OBBB, which removed a filing fee for expressions of interest.
    The BLM proposes to adjust the existing oil and gas filing fees for 
lease applications and lease consolidations. The BLM would require a 
lease application fee for both competitive and noncompetitive leases. 
When these fees were initially set in 2005, and adjusted in the 2024 
Leasing Rule, the BLM explained that it reserved the right to amend the 
fees in future rulemakings to reflect new data or other evidence that 
the fees did not accurately reflect reasonable costs (70 FR 41532 (July 
19, 2005) and 88 FR 47562 (July 24, 2023)). The current competitive 
leasing application fee includes a processing step intended to recover 
the BLM's costs for complying with National Environmental Policy Act 
(NEPA) requirements, which inflated the filing fee. The BLM reviewed 
the competitive leasing application fee and concluded that the costs 
for complying with NEPA are completed by the time a competitive lease 
sale takes place. Therefore, the BLM should not be collecting NEPA-
related fees in the competitive leasing application fee. In addition, 
the BLM is proposing to have one lease application fee for both 
competitive and noncompetitive leases. The competitive leasing 
processing step for adjudicating high bids is very similar and 
interchangeable with the noncompetitive leasing processing step for 
establishing priority for noncompetitive lease applications. Combining 
the application fee to cover both types of leases would bring 
efficiencies to the program. For lease consolidations, the BLM has 
found that while the processing steps have not changed, the BLM has 
gained efficiencies through data entry in the Mineral and Land Records 
System. These efficiencies have reduced the time spent in processing 
the applications thereby resulting in a reduction in the fees.
    As noted above, the BLM is proposing to include a new fixed filing 
fee of $1 per page for protests, including exhibits or attachments, for 
each page over 50. The BLM can use the funds collected from this filing 
fee to ensure that the BLM has sufficient capacity (i.e., staff and 
resources) to review and respond to protests while meeting the 
statutory deadline for holding lease sales and issuing leases. In the 
BLM's experience, the length of certain protest filings (i.e., those 
exceeding 50 pages) tend to lack focus and often incorporate an 
overwhelming array of unrelated information. These submissions 
frequently include repetitive content that echoes previous filings, 
making it difficult to discern the key issues at hand. Consequently, 
the excessive length of these documents results in an inefficient 
burden on the BLM's time and resources to sift through irrelevant 
material, often already considered at a previous stage or sale, to 
address the core concerns effectively. Protests often include 
generalized information about the leasing process without clearly 
linking the specific claim to a given parcel under consideration. The 
BLM established policy in 2005 (see Instruction Memorandum 2005-176, 
Filing of Protests on Lands Included in Oil and Gas Lease Sales) to 
ensure that an orderly protest process, in which protests are announced 
at the sales, allowed the BLM to have sufficient time to issue leases 
within 60 days of the payment of the remainder of the bonus bid and 
rentals as required by section 226(b)(1)(A) of the MLA. In the past few 
years, as shown in Table 14 from the BLM's statistics web page (https://www.blm.gov/programs-energy-and-minerals-oil-and-gas-oil-and-gas-statistics), more than 70 percent of the parcels offered for lease 
received a protest. For example, in fiscal year 2022, the BLM received 
protests on 100 percent of the parcels offered. The BLM usually 
receives protests that range from 20 pages to 120 pages, but some 
protests can also be thousands of pages long, delivered in boxes to the 
state offices. To ensure an efficient oil and gas leasing process, the 
BLM proposes to include a nominal filing fee per page for protests 
(including exhibits) for each page of a protest that exceeds 50 pages.

[[Page 38088]]

The BLM reviewed the protests received in calendar year 2024 and found 
that it received 31 protests, 14 of which contained over 50 pages. The 
page count for these protests, including exhibits, ranged from one page 
to 892 pages. If the BLM had implemented this proposed fee earlier, 
then only 14 protests received in 2024 would have required a filing fee 
with a total amount of $5,754 and an average fee of $186. For 
additional context, during a recently held lease sale, a protesting 
party actively engaged in submitting comments at each stage of the 
process: scoping, public comment, and protest. The letters submitted 
across these phases averaged 116 pages in length. Furthermore, the 
protestor provided between 15 and 223 peer-reviewed articles at each 
public involvement stage, with individual article lengths varying 
significantly, ranging from a single page to an extensive 3,676 pages. 
This substantial volume of documentation underscores the seriousness 
and breadth of protest content but also highlights that much of it is 
repetitive from sale to sale and duplicative across different stages of 
a given sale. The fee is not being proposed to reimburse the BLM for 
its processing costs, which the BLM estimates to be $2,470 per protest. 
Instead, the purpose of the filing fee is to encourage individuals 
submitting protests to be clear and concise as to the basis for the 
protest. This would enable the BLM to timely review and address the key 
issues raised in a protest without unduly delaying a final decision on 
lease issuance or causing parcels proposed for a sale to be deferred 
due to a lack of resolution of a protest. In addition, the majority of 
protesters would not need to pay a filing fee as their protests are 
under 50 pages.
    The BLM is proposing to remove the fixed filing fees for 
exploration permit renewals in Alaska. The BLM rarely receives 
exploration permit renewals in Alaska and has not collected the fee in 
the past 10 years. It costs the BLM more to maintain this filing fee in 
its collection system than it does to receive the benefit of collecting 
a fee from a permittee.
    The BLM reviewed and considered both case-by-case and fixed filing 
fees for the remaining existing fees in this rule. Historically, the 
BLM has determined costs on a case-by-case basis for types of documents 
where the costs may differ significantly in each case. In this 
proposal, the BLM has opted to institute fixed filing fees for 
protests, because charging processing costs on a case-by-case basis 
would be time consuming and would not be the most efficient use of BLM 
resources. Collecting cost data on a case-by-case basis for each 
document to be processed adds to the processing costs. The BLM decided 
that it would be more efficient and sufficiently reliable to set a 
fixed fee based on average costs and indexed to inflation. In addition, 
there is a public benefit from knowing fees in advance.
    To determine the proposed changes to the fixed filing fees, the BLM 
followed the same method it used in 2005 and 2024 to set and adjust the 
current fixed fees: using a weighted average rather than a simple 
average to determine the processing cost for each type of document. 
This method gives greater weight to the processing cost data from state 
offices with a heavy workload and, thus, more expertise in processing a 
particular type of document. The BLM's fluid minerals program 
identified the document-processing steps and then asked the state 
office subject matter experts (SMEs) to identify the appropriate job 
position, salary level, and time required to perform particular steps 
specified under the BLM's current policy. The BLM then calculated a 
direct cost for each process and adjusted to 2025 salary rates without 
a locality-pay factor. The BLM's fluid minerals program spot-checked 
the data and sent each state office a summary of the cost data that the 
office had previously submitted for these types of documents, along 
with the BLM-wide weighted average cost for each. State offices were 
asked to review the cost data and report whether that data, adjusted to 
proposed filing fee amounts, remained reasonable. They were also asked 
to re-estimate costs if the state office found the re-examined adjusted 
cost data to be inaccurate. A re-examination verified that the BLM's 
data continues to be valid and ensures that figures, which varied 
significantly among offices, had not been submitted in error.
Processing Steps for the Fixed Fees
    The BLM reviewed the processing steps, and the following table 
summarizes the results of this review.
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    The current $500 fee for Class II lease reinstatements is located 
at existing 43 CFR 3108.23(b)(2)(vi). The BLM considered moving the 
existing fee to 43 CFR 3000.120 for inclusion alongside the fixed 
filing fees, increasing the fee to reflect the processing costs, and 
then adjusting the fee annually for inflation. However, the MLA, at 30 
U.S.C. 188(e), specifically states for Class II lease reinstatements 
that ``[t]he lessee of a reinstated lease shall reimburse the Secretary 
for the administrative costs of reinstating the lease, but not to 
exceed $500.'' Accordingly, the BLM proposes to leave the 
administrative fee of $500 in its current location at 43 CFR 
3108.23(b)(2)(vi).
FLPMA Factors and Processing Fees
    Section 304(b) of FLPMA lists six factors, commonly known as the 
FLPMA reasonableness factors, that the BLM must consider when deciding 
the amount of a reasonable processing fee. Those factors are:
    (1) The BLM's actual costs to process a document not including 
management overhead, i.e., the processing time spent by the BLM State 
Directors, Deputy State Directors, and other management staff. Actual 
costs include (but are not limited to) time spent at the state and 
field office levels by SMEs who work on a specific authorization, such 
as a lease, and funds spent on environmental reviews, technical 
reviews, and analyses.
    (2) The monetary value, or objective worth, of the right or 
privilege that the applicant seeks;
    (3) The efficiency with which the BLM processes a document, i.e., 
minimizing of waste by carefully managing agency expenses and time;
    (4) Whether any of the BLM's processing costs, for actions such as 
studies or data collection, benefit the general public or the Federal 
Government, rather than just the applicant alone;
    (5) Whether the project provides any significantly tangible 
improvement, such as a road, or other direct service to the public. 
Occasionally, a negative factor, such as an adverse impact on wildlife, 
habitats, or surface drainage, may prevent an improvement from 
qualifying as a public service. Data collection that the BLM requires 
of an applicant for monitoring an activity is not a public service; and
    (6) Other relevant factors.
    The BLM considered each of the FLPMA reasonableness factors for 
each type of document for which the BLM is proposing to adjust the 
existing fee or add a new fixed fee. The BLM first estimated the actual 
cost to process a type of document. When estimating the processing 
costs, the BLM determined a range based on the range of costs provided 
by the BLM state offices. The BLM then considered each of the other 
FLPMA factors to determine if they warranted setting the fee at less 
than actual cost. If so, the BLM then considered whether any of the 
remaining factors acted as an enhancing factor that would mitigate 
against setting the fee at less than actual cost. Lastly, the BLM 
decided the amount of the fee, which cannot be more than the processing 
cost. For all of the fees in this proposal, this method resulted in 
fees set at the lower end of the BLM's processing cost.
Actual Costs
    Actual costs are the sum of both direct and indirect costs. Direct 
costs include such things as labor, material, and equipment. The BLM 
estimated the direct costs by reaching out to each BLM state office and 
requesting an estimate of the processing time for each application 
based on the steps detailed in the previous table. Then using the 
average hourly wage, the BLM calculated the direct cost for the BLM to 
process the application. Indirect costs include items such as rent and 
overhead, excluding State Director and management overhead. For an 
example of how the BLM would determine the sum of direct and indirect 
costs, assume the measured direct cost of processing a document is 
$200. To estimate the indirect cost for processing that document, the 
BLM uses a ratio that it calculates annually. Annually, the BLM 
calculates the indirect cost rate, which is assessed on these fixed 
filing fees. Indirect costs are the overhead costs, which remain after 
direct costs have been computed, and may include utilities, 
telecommunications, information technology, space rental, and other 
administrative support functions. Currently that ratio is 10 to 2, or 
20 percent, meaning for every $10 of direct costs there would be $2 of 
indirect costs. The BLM would estimate the indirect cost using the 
ratio and direct cost figures. In this example, since the direct cost 
was $200 and the ratio is 10 to 2, the indirect cost is $40. The BLM 
then would add the direct and indirect cost figures to arrive at the 
actual cost figure of $240 to process the document. This method is 
generally accepted in the private and public sectors.
Monetary Value of the Right or Privilege
    Historically, the BLM concluded that its processing costs to 
prepare parcels for lease sales benefit three classes of beneficiaries: 
the party who requests that the parcel be included in the sale, all 
parties who bid on the parcel, and the successful bidder. The party who

[[Page 38094]]

requests a parcel to be included in a lease sale benefits by 
influencing the selection of the parcels offered.
Monetary Value to the Applicant
    The BLM did not attempt to calculate the monetary benefit to each 
applicant, because those values are not always knowable to the BLM, and 
it would be inefficient to attempt to calculate them for each 
application or submission.
Monetary Value of the Right or Privilege Granted
    To gauge the monetary value, the BLM considered the monetary value 
of similar rights or privileges granted to applicants historically. The 
BLM reviewed each type of document and compared the proposed filing fee 
for a given type of document with our professional judgment of the 
historical values of similar rights or privileges that the BLM has 
granted. In each case, the BLM believes the value of the right or 
privilege is so much greater than the processing cost that a fee based 
on the average actual cost would not significantly affect the 
applicant's proposed action. This is not surprising considering that 
the costs pertain to documents related to the commercial development of 
minerals. The BLM did not reduce any fees because of this factor.
Monetary Value Change
    The BLM bases its decision about the monetary value of the benefit 
to the applicant on the value at the time the applicant submits its 
application. All leases have relatively large monetary value before 
exploration compared with the proposed fees. The basic value of the 
opportunity provided by a lease to explore for minerals is shown by the 
willingness of applicants to pay large sums before exploration for 
bonus bids, for lease transfers, and for exploration activities such as 
drilling. Because the monetary value of the right sought in a lease is 
much greater than the cost of processing the lease, the BLM considers 
it reasonable to charge a fee equal to processing costs for all lease 
applications.
The Efficiency Factor
    The BLM's fluid minerals program asked the state offices' SMEs to 
provide a minimum, maximum, and average time spent on each application 
process. Some SMEs stated that their estimated range depended on the 
experience of the staff. The estimates from less experienced staff 
increased the amounts for the average and the high estimate for 
processing costs. In addition, some state offices receive fewer 
applications compared to other state offices. This can increase the 
processing time SMEs spend researching and processing applications when 
their particular offices do not frequently receive them. Therefore, the 
BLM chose to use the lowest estimate for time spent on processing 
applications to create the weighted average so that applicants are not 
penalized for understaffed offices or offices with fewer seasoned 
employees.
    The BLM ensured that the field offices efficiently process the 
documents for which fees are charged. For all the new and existing 
fees, the BLM based the processing procedures on standardized steps as 
outlined in the BLM handbooks and Instruction Memoranda in order to 
eliminate duplication and extraneous procedures. The BLM developed 
these detailed and measurable processing steps to be efficient.
The Public Benefit Factor
    Possible public benefits from the BLM processing activities, such 
as studies or data collection, are also difficult to measure. For 
example, studies related to document processing often provide 
information about an area's natural resources. This is sometimes a 
public benefit, but the value of the information, or whether there will 
be a benefit at all, is not predictable. The BLM concluded that 
document processing for types of fixed fee documents in this rulemaking 
does not usually produce studies or data that significantly benefits 
the public. In addition, the BLM determined that for each type of 
document in this rulemaking, the monetary value to the applicant 
outweighs the possible benefit of such studies to the public. The BLM 
analysts used their knowledge of the historical values of such cases to 
make these determinations. The BLM has, therefore, decided that this 
factor does not warrant setting any fee in this rulemaking at less than 
its actual processing cost, except for the protest fee. Protests 
against offering parcels on an oil and gas lease sale provide a benefit 
to the BLM by reducing the potential for error in the lease sale 
process. The fee for oil and gas lease sale protests was therefore set 
at $1 per page, over 50 pages, which is less than BLM's actual 
processing cost of $2,470 per protest.
The Public Service Factor
    A project's service to the public concerns whether the applicant's 
project itself, as opposed to the BLM's processing of the related 
documents, provides some significant direct service or benefit to the 
general public. FLPMA refers to this as public service. Examples 
include improvements, such as roads, trails, or recreation facilities. 
Occasionally, a negative factor, such as an adverse impact on wildlife, 
habitats, or surface drainage, may prevent the BLM from regarding an 
improvement as a public service.
    The projects with a proposed fixed fee do not generally provide a 
public service. The lease consolidation and the issuance of leases 
received do not provide a public service. Unlike activities that 
provide direct public services, such as infrastructure development or 
environmental studies, the lease consolidation and issuance process 
primarily benefit lessees and generates government revenue without 
offering broad public benefits. Consequently, for fixed fee documents, 
the likelihood of providing such a public service is too remote and 
speculative to warrant charging a fee less than actual costs.
Other Factors
    The BLM did not find other factors that made it reasonable to 
adjust fees in this proposed rulemaking, except for the protest fee. 
Protests received against offering parcels on an oil and gas lease sale 
provide a benefit to the BLM by reducing the potential for error in the 
lease sale process. The fee for oil and gas lease sale protests is 
therefore proposed to be set at $1 per page, over 50 pages, which is 
less than the BLM's actual processing cost.
New Proposed Oil and Gas Fixed Fees
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    We have rounded estimated fees down or up to the nearest $5, for 
ease of payment and administration except for the protest fee, which is 
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BLM's actual processing cost as explained above. This is consistent 
with general business practices.
Annual Inflation Adjustments
    The BLM no longer publishes the annual fee adjustments in the 
Federal Register and the CFR. The BLM posts the updated table on the 
BLM's web page at https://www.blm.gov/fixed-filing-fee-schedule-blm-energy-and-minerals with the historical fees posted in the same 
location. Revised fees are effective each year on October 1.
    Annual inflation adjustments are calculated based on the percentage 
change in the Implicit Price Deflator for Gross Domestic Product for 
the 1-year period between the fourth quarters of the previous 2 years, 
consistent with the 2005 Cost Recovery Rule. For example, the fiscal 
year 2022 fees were set based on the change in the IPD-GDP from the 
fourth quarter of 2020 to the fourth quarter of 2021. The BLM then 
multiplies the current fee amounts by that multiplier to obtain the 
adjusted fee amounts.
Existing Applications
    The BLM would not charge a new fixed fee under this rule for 
processing a document that the BLM received before the effective date 
of any final rule. Documents submitted before the effective date of the 
final rule would be processed with the appropriate fees under the 
regulations existing as of the submittal date.
2. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3100
    The proposed rule would remove the existing Sec. Sec.  3101.31, 
3101.32, and 3101.33 covering options in their entirety as these 
sections are not used by industry or the BLM. E.O. 14270 directs the 
BLM to incorporate a sunset provision into regulations promulgated 
under FLPMA. While the BLM's oil and gas leasing regulations reference 
FLPMA for land use planning decisions, these regulations are primarily 
established under the MLA and its authority for promulgating 
regulations. As a result, the BLM did not include a sunset date for its 
oil and gas leasing regulations and proposes to remove the FLPMA 
citation from its authority citation for part 3100.
Section 3100.5 Definitions
    The purpose of this section is to provide definitions of terms used 
in parts 3100, 3110, and 3120.
    The proposed rule would move the terms ``Acreage for which 
expressions of interest have been submitted'' and ``Acres offered for 
lease'' from 43 CFR 3000.5 to this section, as previously discussed 
above, because these definitions are specific to oil and gas leasing.
Section 3100.9 Information Collection
    The proposed rule would update the Table 1 in paragraph (b) to add 
noncompetitive leases in the new part 3110 to Control Number 1004-0185. 
The proposed rule would update the table located in paragraph (b)(2) by 
moving the reference to 43 CFR 3106 from OMB Control Number 1004-0034 
to Control Number 1004-0185. The 2024 Leasing Rule transferred the 
information collection requirements, along with the associated burdens 
from OMB control number 1004-0034 to 1004-0185, however the BLM 
inadvertently missed this table update. All other control number 
assignments would remain the same.
Sections 3100.31 Through 3100.33 Options (Existing)
    The BLM proposes to remove Sec. Sec.  3100.31, 3100.32, and 3100.33 
from the existing regulations. An option agreement generally contains 
an exclusive right to explore and evaluate the lands during the option 
period. Parties use the agreement in real estate investing to grant to 
one party the right, but not the obligation, to purchase an asset from 
or sell an asset to the other party. An option agreement outlines the 
agreed upon price and a future date for the transaction. The option 
period is a set period stated in the agreement during which a party may 
cancel the agreement without obligation to purchase the lease. The BLM 
proposes to rescind the sections covering options, because the industry 
has never filed options with the BLM. While the BLM has not previously 
received option statements from industry, the BLM cannot prohibit 
options and would continue to accept option agreements for inclusion in 
the lease file for a lease with the understanding that BLM's acceptance 
of an option does not mean it is approved or valid.
3. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3101
    The proposed rule would move the existing Sec. Sec.  3101.21, 
3101.22, 3101.23, 3101.24 and 3101.25 covering Acreage Limitations to 
subpart 3102, because acreage limitations can also affect post-leasing 
actions, such as assignments, transfers, and reinstatements. The 
removal of these sections would result in renaming the undesignated 
center heading from Acreage Limitations to Limitation on the Issuance 
of New Leases thereby causing some of the sections to be redesignated 
accordingly. The purpose of this reorganization is to achieve 
consistency and ease of reference throughout subpart 3101.
Section 3101.12 Surface Use Rights
    The BLM promulgated this section in 1988 to clarify the BLM's 
authority to use the terms and conditions of the standard lease form to 
control site-specific environmental impacts on leaseholds, as opposed 
to lease-specific protective measures, addressed in lease stipulations, 
and to mitigate impacts to specific resource values identified on 
leased lands. The standard lease form authorizes the BLM to require 
reasonable measures to the extent that such measures would be 
consistent with the lessee's rights. The BLM may not impose mitigation 
measures that would render lease operations uneconomic or infeasible; 
however, the BLM may impose some types of mitigation measures if the 
BLM documents that such requirements are reasonable and necessary to 
prevent unnecessary or undue degradation of public lands or resources 
and provided that those measures are included in the underlying RMP, as 
required by section 50101(d)(3) of the OBBB.
    Previously, the 2024 Leasing Rule increased the minimum siting 
distance and timing limitation for lease activities that were 
considered consistent with lease rights due to the advances in 
horizontal and directional drilling. The 2024 Leasing Rule increased 
the siting measure for the location of proposed operations from 200 to 
800 meters (approximately \1/2\ mile) and the timing of surface 
disturbance operations from 60 days to 90 days. The BLM proposes to 
return to the pre-2024 Leasing Rule values. The BLM calculated 678 
acres as the average size for Federal onshore oil and gas leases based 
on the Fiscal Year 2024 oil and gas statistics. Moving the location 800 
meters would move the location halfway across an average-sized lease. 
In addition, many leases include timing limitations that limit 
development on a lease to 6 months or less. Applying a 90-day timing 
limitation could limit a lessee to only being able to develop its lease 
for 3 months out of each year. These modified distances and timing 
limitations unnecessarily increase the burden on oil and gas lessees 
and operators; therefore, the BLM is proposing to return to the 
previous values of 200 meters and 60 days.
    Although this proposed rule would decrease the minimum distance and 
minimum timing limitation duration within this section, the Interior 
Board of Land Appeals (IBLA) has upheld the

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BLM's authority to move operations and confirmed that the siting and 
timing parameters in the regulations are only minimums. Yates 
Petroleum, 176 IBLA 144, 156 (2008). Therefore, the BLM does not expect 
to see any adverse impacts to other resources on the public lands due 
to returning this provision to the values that had been in existence 
for over 30 years.
    The OBBB states that the BLM cannot impose stipulations or 
mitigation requirements in a lease that are not included in the RMP 
governing the lands to be leased; however, the BLM is not interpreting 
this provision as applying to conditions of approval (COA) for APDs. 
This interpretation is grounded in several key points:
    Distinct Nature of COAs: COAs are operational measures imposed 
after lease issuance to ensure that drilling activities comply with 
environmental standards and best management practices. Unlike lease 
stipulations, which are attached during the leasing process, COAs 
address site-specific concerns that may arise during the permitting 
phase, allowing for adaptability and responsiveness to new information 
once operators identify the location they intend to drill.
    Alignment with RMP Objectives: While the language restricts the BLM 
from adding new lease stipulations not included in an applicable RMP, 
it does not limit the BLM's ability to impose COAs that are consistent 
with the RMP's objectives and that further support the BLM's 
interpretation. COAs enhance environmental protections and operational 
safety without contradicting the terms established in the approved RMP. 
They also ensure compliance with other laws, such as the Endangered 
Species Act.
    Responsibility to Protect Resources: The BLM has an ongoing 
responsibility to manage public lands effectively and to implement 
necessary measures to protect the environment, wildlife, and public 
interests. Not allowing the BLM to apply COAs would limit its ability 
to address unforeseen impacts on public resources. In addition, were 
the BLM to be limited in applying COAs to an APD, this may result in 
the BLM having to deny an APD that could otherwise be approved with an 
appropriate COA.
    In summary, the OBBB's restriction on applying mitigation measures 
and stipulations does not restrict the BLM's ability to apply COAs at 
the APD stage to ensure the BLM is complying with all other applicable 
laws, such as FLPMA and the ESA. The BLM retains its authority to 
propose and implement COAs to address operational specifics and site-
specific concerns, ensuring effective management of both resource 
development and environmental protection. This includes the ability to 
move locations more than 200 meters or implement a timing limitation of 
more than 60 days.
    In addition, the proposed rule would remove the words ``federally 
recognized Tribes, and underserved communities.'' Instead, the BLM 
would return to the language in the prior regulations that considers 
reasonable measures to mitigate adverse impacts to all land uses or 
users. This will prevent readers from misinterpreting this section as 
limited to federally recognized Tribes and underserved communities.
Sections 3101.21 Through 3101.25 Acreage Limitations (Existing)
    The BLM proposes relocating the Acreage Limitations currently 
covered under Sec. Sec.  3101.21, 3101.22, 3101.23, 3101.24, and 
3101.25 to subpart 3102 as Sec. Sec.  3102.51, 3102.52, 3102.53, 
3102.54, and 3102.55 for qualifications, without further changes. This 
move is intended to reflect that acreage limitations impact not only 
lease issuance but also the ability to acquire lease interests through 
assignments, transfers, and mergers. Relocating these sections would 
necessitate redesignating other sections within the regulations.
Section 3101.52 Action by the Bureau of Land Management
    This section outlines the actions that the BLM will take if another 
Federal surface management agency consents to a lease on lands it 
manages. The proposed rule would revise paragraph (a) by removing the 
last sentence, ``The authorized officer may add other appropriate 
stipulations,'' as this language conflicts with Sec.  3101.13(a) which 
states ``Leases issued by the BLM will include only those stipulations 
and mitigation measures included in the RMP covering that parcel of 
land that is being leased.'' Section 50101(d) of the OBBB amended the 
MLA and requires any leases issued under the MLA to be subject to the 
terms and conditions of an approved RMP and prohibits the Secretary 
from including any stipulations or mitigation in a lease, unless such 
stipulations or mitigation are included in an approved RMP. Section 
50101(d) also provides that initiation of an amendment to an RMP will 
not prevent the Secretary from leasing land, provided the other 
requirements of the section have been met. The remaining paragraphs in 
this section are unchanged.
    The OBBB requires the BLM to only apply stipulations from its 
approved RMPs to the leases it issues. Refer to 30 U.S.C. 226(a)(2)(A). 
However, the BLM has determined that the requirement to apply 
stipulations or mitigation measures within the approved RMP applies 
only to lands managed by the BLM or to private surface. For parcels 
managed by other Federal surface management agencies, the BLM will 
continue to apply relevant stipulations specified by those agencies; 
failure to do so would likely result in those agencies withholding 
consent to lease. For lands managed by other Federal surface management 
agencies, the BLM will first check the land status records which may 
show lands were withdrawn from the mineral leasing laws. Lands 
withdrawn from the mineral leasing laws are not considered open and 
available for leasing. For example, if the BLM received an expression 
of interest (EOI) for lands acquired by the Department of War (DoW) 
which are not withdrawn from the mineral leasing laws, the BLM must 
obtain DoW consent and apply any stipulations included in such consent 
to the lease, such as a no surface occupancy restriction in some 
circumstances. If the BLM could not apply this stipulation, the DoW 
would likely not consent to lease the lands. Therefore, the BLM intends 
to continue applying stipulations from other surface management 
agencies.
4. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3102
    The proposed rule would revise the existing subpart 3102 to move 
the sections covering acreage limitations in Sec. Sec.  3101.21, 
3101.22, 3101.23, 3101.24, and 3101.25 to this subpart as Sec. Sec.  
3102.51, 3102.52, 3102.53, 3102.54, and 3102.55, necessitating 
redesignation of some of the sections.
Section 3102.20 Non-U.S. Citizens
    The BLM proposes to enhance the last sentence in paragraph (a) to 
provide clearer information about the consequences of a country denying 
privileges to U.S. citizens or corporations. The current sentence 
states that if it is determined that a country has denied similar or 
like privileges to citizens or corporations of the United States, it 
would be placed on a list available from any BLM state office. The 
proposed revision would change it to read that if it is determined that 
a country has denied similar or like privileges to citizens or 
corporations of the United States, the country would be placed on a 
list available from any BLM state office and citizens from those 
countries may not hold an interest in a lease.

[[Page 38098]]

Section 3102.40 Signature
    The proposed rule would correct the citation found in this section 
from ``Sec.  3102.50'' in the introductory paragraph to ``Sec. Sec.  
3102.62 and 3102.63.''
Sections 3102.51 Through 3102.55 Acreage Limitations (Proposed)
    The proposed rule would relocate the existing lease acreage-
limitations provisions from subpart 3101, which governs lease issuance, 
to subpart 3102, which governs qualifications of lessees, such that 
they would be redesignated as Sec. Sec.  3102.51 through 3102.55. The 
existing acreage-limitations ``Sec.  3101.21 Public domain lands,'' 
would be redesignated as Sec.  3102.51; ``Sec.  3101.22 Acquired 
lands,'' would be redesignated as Sec.  3102.52; ``Sec.  3101.23 
Excepted acreage,'' would be redesignated as Sec.  3102.53 and includes 
a correction to the existing citation in paragraph (a)(3) to change 
``43 CFR 3105.30'' to ``43 CFR subpart 3105''; ``Sec.  3101.24 Excess 
acreage'' would be redesignated as new Sec.  3102.54; and Sec.  3101.25 
Computation would be redesignated as new Sec.  3102.55. No other 
changes are proposed to the language under these sections.
Section 3102.51 Compliance (Existing Regulations)
    The proposed rule would redesignate the existing Sec.  3102.51 as 
new Sec.  3102.61 due to the relocation of the acreage-limitations 
provisions discussed above. The BLM proposes to revise the initial 
paragraph, which generally outlines requirements for compliance, to 
change the word ``will'' to ``must'' in paragraph (a). The word 
``must'' provides a clearer indication of the obligation for this 
requirement and removes any ambiguity related to the word ``will.'' 
``Will'' can imply a future action that is likely or expected but not 
guaranteed. In contrast, ``must'' removes ambiguity and ensures that 
the regulated community and the public clearly understand that the 
action is essential and non-negotiable.
    The BLM also proposes to revise paragraph (b) to correct the 
existing referenced citation ``Sec.  3101.20'' to ``Sec. Sec.  3102.51, 
3102.52, 3102.53, and 3102.54.'' The BLM proposes to revise paragraph 
(g) to correct the existing referenced citation ``Sec.  3102.53'' to 
``Sec.  3102.63'' due to the proposed changes noted below.
Section 3102.52 Certification of Compliance (Existing Regulation)
    The proposed rule would redesignate the existing section as Sec.  
3102.62 due to the relocation of the acreage-limitations provisions. 
The BLM proposes to revise the paragraph to change the existing 
referenced citation from ``Sec.  3102.51'' to ``Sec.  3102.61.''
Section 3102.53 Evidence of Compliance (Existing Regulation)
    The proposed rule would redesignate the existing section as Sec.  
3102.63 due to the relocation of the acreage-limitations provisions.
5. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3103
    The proposed rule would not revise any section headings in the 
existing 43 CFR subpart 3103 regulations.
Section 3103.1 Fiscal Terms
    The proposed rule would update the last sentence in paragraph (a) 
to remove the phrase ``Per the Inflation Reduction Act.'' The proposed 
rule would update the fiscal terms schedule found at 43 CFR 3103.1(a) 
Table 1, to remove the word competitive from ``Competitive oil and 
gas'' as well as from ``Competitive lease reinstatement, Class II'' as 
the OBBB reinstituted noncompetitive leasing, which the IRA had 
repealed. These rental requirements listed in the schedule would also 
apply to noncompetitive leases. Removing the word competitive from 
these phrases makes it clear that these rentals requirements apply to 
both types of oil and gas leases.
Section 3103.11 Form of Remittance
    The proposed rule would remove the first sentence that references 
payments made by personal check, cashier's check, certified check, or 
money order. This proposed change is consistent with E.O. 14247, 
Modernizing Payments To and From America's Bank Account, signed on 
March 25, 2025. This order states ``As soon as practicable, and to the 
extent permitted by law, all payments made to the Federal Government 
shall be processed electronically.'' The proposed rule would update the 
second sentence in this paragraph to remove the phrase ``by other 
arrangements'' since electronic payments made to the BLM would be the 
primary method of accepting payment. The proposed rule would further 
update the second sentence in this paragraph to insert ``or other 
digital payment options,'' to match the language of the E.O. and so 
this section does not become outdated with future technological 
advances. The BLM would allow alternative payment options from an 
individual or entity if they request and qualify for an exception from 
submitting an electronic payment on a case-by-case basis.
6. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3104
    The BLM proposes to change the subpart 3104 heading from ``Bonds'' 
to ``Performance Bonds'' to reduce confusion about the type of bonds 
the BLM has always maintained. Performance bonds are provided to the 
BLM under subpart 3104 to guarantee a lessee's performance in complying 
with the requirements of a lease. If a lessee defaults on its 
obligations under the terms and conditions of a lease, the BLM can 
collect the performance bond to remedy the default. The performance 
bond protects the BLM, and ultimately the taxpayers, from financial 
loss should the operator fail to perform its obligations under the 
terms and conditions of the lease, and the regulations and laws under 
which the operations were authorized.
    The BLM is requesting that commenters provide information on unit 
operator and nationwide bonds used by the BLM before publication of the 
2024 Leasing Rule. Before the 2024 Leasing Rule, the BLM accepted the 
following bonds: individual bonds that cover the operations for a 
single lease; statewide bonds that cover the operations for all Federal 
leases in a single State; nationwide bonds that covered the operations 
for all Federal leases nationwide; and unit operator bonds that covered 
the operations for all Federal leases in a single unit agreement. The 
2024 Leasing Rule eliminated nationwide and unit operator bonds for the 
reasons stated in the rule. The BLM is seeking public comments on the 
following options: (1) Allow for nationwide bonds; (2) Allow for 
nationwide and unit operator bonds; or (3) Continue the 2024 Leasing 
Rule's elimination of both nationwide and unit operator bonds from the 
BLM's lease bonding program for the reasons set out in the proposed and 
final 2024 Leasing Rule. If the BLM chooses to include either 
nationwide or unit operator bonds in the final rule, it would also 
include minimum bond amounts consistent with the amounts set for 
individual lease and statewide bonds.
    The BLM is requesting comments on allowing nationwide and unit 
operator bonds because these bond types were accepted prior to the 2024 
Leasing Rule and may offer operational flexibility for some lessees. 
While these bonds could reduce compliance costs for operators managing 
multiple leases or unit agreements, they may increase administrative 
complexity and oversight costs for the BLM. The BLM originally created 
unit operator bonds, because the BLM bond forms that predated 1987 did

[[Page 38099]]

not cover the principal bond holder acting in the capacity of a unit 
operator when the operator did not have an interest in the lease. The 
BLM's current bond forms now address this issue, negating the need for 
unit operator bonds. Unit operator bonds have never been widely used by 
industry. The minimum bond amount for unit operator bonds were usually 
identical to the statewide minimum bond amount as these bonds covered 
all leases and operations in one unit agreement. Removing the use of 
nationwide bonds created efficiencies for the BLM's oil and gas program 
by allowing the agency to better tailor bond amounts to local 
conditions and State-specific requirements when reviewing bonds for 
adequacy. However, because any reinstated bond types would be required 
to meet minimum amounts consistent with individual lease and statewide 
bonds, the BLM does not anticipate economic impacts from their 
inclusion.
Section 3104.1 Bond Amounts
    The BLM is proposing to restore the previous minimum bond amounts 
for individual lease bonds (all operations on one Federal lease) and 
statewide bonds (all operations on Federal leases in a geographic 
State). The purpose of the bond is to ensure the complete and timely 
plugging of the well(s), reclamation of the lease area(s), and the 
restoration of any lands or surface waters adversely affected by lease 
operations after the abandonment or cessation of oil and gas 
operations. (43 CFR 3104.10(a)). The regulations at Sec.  3104.1(a) 
currently set the following minimum bond amounts:
    (1) Lease/Individual Bonds, which provide coverage for one lease 
and must be in an amount of not less than $150,000;
    (2) Statewide Bonds, which cover all leases and operations in one 
State and must be in an amount of not less than $500,000;
    The BLM now believes these amounts are too high and inhibit an 
operator's ability to develop our nation's oil and natural gas 
resources in contravention of existing E.O.s and S.O.s. The BLM 
received numerous comments during the 2024 rulemaking that these 
amounts were excessive and potentially unobtainable for a large number 
of small operators due to practices in the bond market. Commenters 
flagged that this would lead to a reduction in domestic energy 
production and negatively impact local economies. Bond market 
practices, such as the requirement for significant collateral and high 
premiums, further exacerbate the financial burden on small operators. 
Many small operators may not have the necessary creditworthiness to 
obtain bonds at reasonable rates, making it difficult for them to 
secure the necessary bonds were they to remain at the higher rates.
    Given these concerns, the BLM is proposing to return to the 
original minimum bond amounts of $10,000 for lease bonds and $25,000 
for statewide bonds. These amounts are currently attainable for small 
operators and would alleviate the financial burden on them.
    The BLM is proposing to reduce the minimum oil and gas bond amounts 
back to the prior values of $10,000 for individual lease bonds and 
$25,000 for statewide bonds. The BLM is contemplating re-instating 
nationwide bonds. If the BLM reinstates nationwide bonds, the BLM 
proposes to restore the previous minimum bond amount of $150,000. This 
change aims to lower financial barriers for operators, encouraging an 
increase in Federal oil and gas activities. The reduced bonding 
requirements may benefit smaller, independent operators, who may find 
it challenging to meet the higher minimum bond amounts. By easing these 
financial constraints, the BLM believes it will stimulate growth in the 
oil and gas sector, enhance economic opportunities, and foster greater 
engagement from a diverse range of operators thereby contributing to 
the nation's economic security.
    The BLM recognizes that lower minimum bond amounts could 
potentially decrease the incentive for operators to adhere to 
responsible operational practices and properly reclaim well sites, 
which could result in greater risks to the public lands and local 
ecosystems. However, the BLM is able to mitigate this risk by 
continuing to fully use its existing bond adequacy review policy. The 
BLM conducts bond adequacy reviews as outlined in Instruction 
Memorandum 2024-014, Oil and Gas Bonds Adequacy Reviews, to ensure that 
bond amounts for Federal oil and gas leases are sufficient to cover 
potential liabilities based on risk, an operator's compliance history, 
the number of wells and their characteristics. The BLM's regulations at 
43 CFR 3104.50 also provide a basis for increasing the bond amount and 
provide the BLM with the ability to bar lessees who fail to provide 
increased bond amounts from obtaining additional oil and gas leases. 
See 43 CFR 3104.1(c). The policy directs BLM State Offices to review 
all bonds at least every 5 years, or more frequently when warranted, 
focusing on operators with higher risk factors.
    The proposed rule would remove paragraph (c) which provides for a 
phase-in period to increase or replace statewide and lease bonds. This 
paragraph would no longer be needed. Bonds that have already been 
increased to the higher minimum bond amounts may have the potential to 
return to the new proposed minimum bond amounts under the current 
regulations. Any bonded principal can request a bond decrease if they 
believe a decrease is warranted. Upon request, the BLM would perform a 
bond adequacy review under its existing policy to approve or deny such 
request. The proposed rule would redesignate paragraph (d) to paragraph 
(c) due to the removal of the existing paragraph (c).
    Should the BLM modify the onshore oil and gas bonding process? As 
part of ongoing efforts to enhance the management of onshore oil and 
gas resources, the BLM is seeking public input on potential 
modifications to the bonding process for oil and gas operations. 
Comments are invited on whether the BLM should consider re-establishing 
unit operator or nationwide bonds to streamline financial assurance 
requirements for operators. Additionally, feedback is requested on any 
changes that could improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the 
BLM's bonding process while ensuring adequate protection for public 
lands and resources. Public input is essential in shaping policies that 
balance responsible resource development with environmental 
stewardship.
Section 3104.10 Bond Obligations
    The proposed rule would revise paragraph (c)(2) to replace the 
words, ``Cashier's check'' with ``An electronic funds transfer to the 
BLM.'' The proposed rule would also remove paragraph (c)(3), which 
references ``Certified check.'' This change would lead to redesignating 
paragraphs (c)(4) and (c)(5) as paragraphs (c)(3) and (c)(4), 
respectively. This proposed change is consistent with E.O. 14247, 
Modernizing Payments To and From America's Bank Account, signed on 
March 25, 2025.
Section 3104.90 Bonds Held Prior to June 22, 2025 (Existing Regulation)
    The proposed rule would remove the existing Sec.  3104.90 entitled 
``Bonds Held Prior to June 22, 2025.'' Under the existing regulations, 
operators were required to replace existing nationwide and unit 
operator bonds by June 22, 2025. Since that deadline has now passed, 
the BLM no longer needs to retain this phase-in period in the 
regulations.

[[Page 38100]]

7. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3105
    The proposed rule would add new Sec.  3105.1 to existing 43 CFR 
subpart 3105 to comply with the RRA of September 20, 2024.
Section 3105.1 Reporting and Payment for Production (Proposed 
Regulation)
    The proposed rule would add a new Sec.  3105.1 entitled ``Reporting 
and payment for production.'' This new section is added to comply with 
the RRA, which was passed on September 20, 2024. The RRA amended the 
Federal Oil and Gas Royalty Management Act of 1982 (FOGRMA), 30 U.S.C. 
1721(j), and directs the Department to require reporting and payment 
for production and royalty that is based on a pending Federal oil and 
gas agreement (e.g., communitization agreements and participating 
areas) that has an allocation schedule that outlines how royalties 
would be distributed across different leases within the agreement until 
the BLM issues a final decision on the agreement. When the BLM issues a 
final decision on a pending application, the BLM will specify whether 
the lessee, or its designees, must adjust the production reporting or 
royalty paid. The lessee would then have until the end of the third 
month following the month in which the lessee or its designee receives 
the BLM's final decision to adjust the production reporting or royalty 
paid, if needed. This provision does not apply to unit or 
communitization agreements that include Indian lands.
    Proposed paragraph (a) would reflect the requirements of the RRA 
and state that the lessee or its designee who is party to a unit or 
communitization agreement must report and pay royalties on oil and gas 
production for each production month in accordance with the terms of 
the proposed allocation of production for the unit or communitization 
agreement until the BLM issues a decision on the proposed agreement.
    Paragraph (b) would assist the BLM in implementing the RRA and 
would state that to assist with accurate and complete reporting, 
applicants for a Federal participating area, secondary recovery unit, 
or communitization agreement must: (1) Provide a list of wells with 
existing production that would contribute production to the area to be 
included in the proposed agreement; and (2) As required under 43 CFR 
3160.0-9(c)(1), submit a completion report for all wells that would 
contribute production to the area included in the proposed 
participating area, secondary recovery unit, or communitization 
agreement. Proposed paragraph (c) restates the RRA's prohibition 
against applying this provision to oil and gas agreements containing 
Indian lands.
8. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3106
    The proposed rule would not revise any section headings in the 
existing 43 CFR subpart 3106 regulations.
Section 3106.10 Transfers, General
    The proposed rule would revise paragraph (e) to change the citation 
from ``43 CFR 3102.51(g)'' to ``43 CFR 3102.61(g)'' for certification 
of compliance to address changes being made elsewhere in this proposed 
rule.
Section 3106.20 Qualifications of Transfers
    The purpose of this section is to ensure that those parties to whom 
leases and operating rights are transferred comply with the provisions 
of 43 CFR subpart 3102 ``Qualifications of Lessees.'' The proposed rule 
would remove the phrase ``and post any bond that may be required.'' 
This phrase is not associated with 43 CFR subpart 3102 and 
unnecessarily repeats similar language found in 43 CFR subpart 3104, 
which addresses when a bond is required and 43 CFR 3106.71 for failure 
to qualify. The proposed rule would eliminate the sentence that reads 
``only responsible and qualified lessees may own, hold, or control an 
interest in a lease.'' The proposed rule would eliminate this sentence 
because it is repetitive and already covered by 43 CFR subpart 3102.
9. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3107
    The proposed rule would remove Sec.  3107.52 in existing 43 CFR 
subpart 3107 as it is no longer needed as further described below.
Section 3107.10 Extension by Drilling
    The proposed rule would correct the referenced CFR citation in 
existing paragraph (a) from ``43 CFR 3103.20'' to the correct citation 
of ``43 CFR 3103.22.'' In addition, the proposed rule would change the 
reference to ``appendix A to part 3180'' to ``43 CFR part 3180.'' As 
discussed, the proposed rule would remove the model forms included in 
the appendices found in 43 CFR subpart 3186. Finally, the proposed rule 
would revise existing paragraph (b) by replacing the phrase 
``reasonable person seriously looking for oil or gas could'' with 
``prudent operator would,'' as this is the more commonly understood 
legal standard. No changes are proposed for paragraph (c).
Section 3107.32 Segregation of Leases Committed in Part
    The proposed rule would revise the statement in paragraph (b)(2) to 
change the language that currently states, ``If a partially committed 
lease'' to read instead, ``If a lease committed-in-part.'' The terms 
``committed in part'' and ``partially committed'' are frequently 
confused. ``Committed in part'' describes a lease that includes land 
both within the unit area and outside the unit area. The BLM will 
segregate a fully or effectively committed Federal lease in such a 
status into two leases. The BLM will ensure the lease's term is 2 years 
or the remainder of the lease term, whichever is longer, for the lands 
in the lease outside the unit area from the effective date of 
commitment. ``Partially committed'' is when one or some, but not all, 
working interest owners have committed their interest in a lease to a 
unit agreement. The lease does not get the benefit of the unit, until 
such a lease is fully committed, which would happen once the BLM 
receives the approval/acceptance of unit joinders from all previously 
uncommitted working interest owners. Therefore, the BLM is proposing to 
revise Sec.  3107.32 to refer to ``a lease committed in part.''
Section 3107.52 Undeveloped Parts of Leases in Their Extended Term 
(Existing Regulation)
    The proposed rule would remove this section in its entirety as it 
is outdated and no longer needed. The section only applies to leases 
issued prior to September 2, 1960. The BLM has no record of any 
nonproducing leases that are that old, and if they exist, they would 
also be covered by 43 CFR 3107.53, which states, ``Undeveloped parts of 
leases retained or assigned out of leases which are extended by 
production, actual or suspended, or the payment of compensatory royalty 
will continue in effect for 2 years after the effective date of 
assignment and for so long thereafter as oil or gas is produced in 
paying quantities.''
Section Sec.  3107.60 Extension of Reinstated Leases
    The proposed rule would revise the introductory paragraph to 
correct the citation from ``43 CFR 3108.20'' to ``43 CFR 3108.22 or 43 
CFR 3108.23'' to eliminate any confusion that this applies to all 
reinstatements.

[[Page 38101]]

10. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3108
    The proposed rule would not revise any section headings in the 
existing 43 CFR subpart 3108.
Section 3108.23 Reinstatement at Higher Rental and Royalty Rates: Class 
II Reinstatements
    The proposed rule would update paragraph (a) to remove the phrase 
``competitive oil and gas'' since Class II reinstatements are no longer 
restricted to competitive leases given the OBBB's reinstatement of the 
noncompetitive lease provision.
11. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3109
    The proposed rule would not revise any of the existing headings in 
the existing subpart 3109 regulations, but it would add an undesignated 
center heading following Sec.  3109.15 to read as follows: Leasing 
Under Other Special Acts.
Section 3109.20 Units of the National Park System
    The proposed rule would update paragraph (b) to remove the phrase 
``or renewed'' since oil and gas leases are no longer renewed. Oil and 
gas leases are issued for a primary term of 10 years. A lease is held 
beyond the primary term when the lease contains a well capable of 
producing oil and gas in paying quantities.
12. Section-by-Section Discussion for Addition of 43 CFR Part 3110
    The proposed rule would add six sections for noncompetitive 
leasing, which was reinstated by section 50101(a)(2) of the OBBB. The 
title for this new subpart is ``Noncompetitive Leases.'' The Secretary 
has broad discretion on how to implement noncompetitive leasing. One of 
the challenges with noncompetitive leasing is that the OBBB requires 
the BLM to hold replacement sales for competitive oil and gas lease 
sales that do not sell 25 percent or more of the acreage offered on a 
lease sale. See OBBB section 50101(c)(3)(B). Due to this additional 
requirement, the BLM is not proposing to reinstate all of the previous 
regulations for noncompetitive leasing, such as those related to 
noncompetitive presale offers. The BLM is proposing only to accept 
noncompetitive applications that match the competitive parcels after 
the competitive oil and gas lease sale, or its replacement sale, has 
occurred. In addition, the proposed rule would not reinstate cumbersome 
and unnecessary procedures that do not match the MLA (that includes 
almost 50 percent of the prior 43 CFR 3110 regulations that were in 
place before the 2024 Leasing Rule). The BLM, with this approach, will 
be better positioned to respond to a noncompetitive lease application 
quickly and minimize delays related to lease issuance.
Section 3110.1 Lands Accessible for Noncompetitive Leasing
    The proposed rule would add a new section to describe when lands 
are accessible for noncompetitive leasing. Lands would be accessible 
for noncompetitive leasing after the BLM has offered lands 
competitively and for which the BLM has not received a bid.
Section 3110.2 Application Requirements
    The proposed rule would add a new section to describe the 
application requirements for noncompetitive leasing. This section would 
require an application to be submitted on the BLM's lease form, include 
the applicable filing fees, include the advanced first year rental, 
demonstrate the applicant's compliance with lessee qualifications, 
provide the parcel number from the Notice of Competitive Lease Sale in 
which the parcel was offered and did not sell, and the legal land 
description of the parcel of interest in the noncompetitive lease 
application, which must exactly match the parcel land description of a 
parcel that was offered in the competitive auction. This section also 
provides the applicant the ability to withdraw an application, unless 
the BLM has signed the lease form.
Section 3110.3 Priority
    The proposed rule would add a new section to describe how the BLM 
will determine priority for noncompetitive applications, when multiple 
applications are filed on the same day, by referring to the existing 
procedures codified at 43 CFR 1821.11 and 43 CFR 1822.18. Where a 
correction to an application is needed or is made, either at the option 
of the applicant or the BLM, the priority for the application will be 
adjusted when there are multiple applications made for the same lands.
Section 3110.4 Action on Application
    The proposed rule would add a new section to describe the action 
the BLM will take on applications received for noncompetitive leasing. 
The BLM would not issue a noncompetitive lease if there is a pending 
action on any existing lease, such as pending lease extensions or an 
application with established priority, including a pending petition for 
reinstatement. If the BLM improperly issues a noncompetitive lease, the 
BLM will cancel the lease under 43 CFR 3108.30. The BLM would reject 
noncompetitive lease applications that are not properly filed in 
accordance with these regulations, that are submitted before the 
competitive lease sale, or that contain lands that have already been 
leased. The BLM would accept noncompetitive lease applications filed on 
a BLM form not currently in use if it is filed before the form is 
declared obsolete by the Director. In these cases, the applicant would 
be bound by the terms and conditions of the lease form currently in 
use.
Section 3110.5 Noncompetitive Lease Terms
    The proposed rule would add a new section to describe the lease 
terms for noncompetitive leases. Noncompetitive leases would have the 
same terms as competitive leases, including a primary term of 10 years. 
The noncompetitive lease would be considered issued when it is signed 
by the BLM's authorized officer. A noncompetitive lease would normally 
be effective the first day of the month following the date the lease is 
issued. An applicant may send the BLM a written request to have the 
lease become effective on the first day of the month in which it is 
signed. However the BLM must receive the request before the BLM's 
authorized officer signs the lease. Noncompetitive future interest 
leases will be effective the same day that the mineral interest vests 
in the United States.
Section 3110.6 Reversionary Noncompetitive Lease
    The proposed rule would add a new section to describe reversionary 
noncompetitive leases that would be issued when a Federal lease would 
take over immediately upon vestiture of the mineral estate in the 
United States and so there is no break in the time the lands are under 
lease. This section would apply only to those lands from which oil and 
gas is being produced, or when there is a well capable of production 
from a private lease and the mineral interest is acquired for 
administration by the Secretary of Agriculture pursuant to the Act of 
March 1, 1911 (36 Stat. 961 et seq.). An election for a reversionary 
noncompetitive lease must be made before the interest becomes a vested 
present interest. If the election is made after the time allowed, or if 
no election is made, the BLM would reject the application as untimely 
and offer the lands at the next competitive lease sale. An applicant 
must be qualified to hold an interest in a lease, and because the

[[Page 38102]]

lease is usually producing at the time of lease issuance under this 
section, the lessee must have a bond that the BLM has accepted before 
lease issuance.
13. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Part 3120
    The proposed rule would rename the title of Sec.  3120.11 in this 
part so the language is not confused with the definition of ``available 
lands'' provided for by the OBBB. The proposed rule would remove 
Sec. Sec.  3120.32 and 3120.33 in existing 43 CFR part 3120 
``Competitive Leases.'' The goal of these revisions is to remove 
requirements that are not required by law or that do not affect oil and 
gas leasing in keeping with E.O. 14192 Unleashing Prosperity through 
Deregulation. The proposed rule would also remove Sec.  3120.13 
Protests and relocate it to new Sec.  3120.43 under the discussion of 
the Notice of Competitive Lease Sale provisions to consolidate topics 
and enhance readability.
    E.O. 14270 directs the BLM to incorporate a sunset provision into 
regulations promulgated under FLPMA. While the BLM's oil and gas 
leasing regulations reference FLPMA for land use planning decisions, 
these proposed regulations are primarily established under the MLA and 
its authority for promulgating regulations. As a result, the BLM did 
not include a sunset date for these oil and gas leasing regulations and 
proposes to remove reference to the FLPMA citation from its authority 
statement for part 3120.
Section 3120.11 Lands Offered for Competitive Leasing (Proposed)
    The proposed rule would rename this section from ``Lands available 
for competitive leasing'' to ``Lands offered for competitive leasing.'' 
In addition, the first sentence of the section would be modified to 
remove the reference to eligible and available lands. The purpose of 
these changes is to clarify that the list of lands described in this 
section are not automatically available for leasing. The BLM also did 
not want the public to interpret or confuse this section with the 
definition of available lands provided for in the OBBB.
    The proposed rule would revise paragraph (c) to improve clarity, 
grammatical precision, and readability while maintaining the core legal 
meanings of the original text. These changes would better align 
paragraph (c) with the introductory paragraph, as proposed, which would 
state: ``The BLM will consider the types of lands described below for 
competitive leasing under the MLA, including but not limited to:''. 
Paragraph (c) would begin with ``Lands from a cancelled lease or 
interest in a lease . . .'' so that it follows grammatically from the 
introductory sentence and so that it is parallel with the rest of the 
list in this section. The proposed rule would also remove the reference 
to options to be consistent with the proposed changes to 43 CFR subpart 
3100 as no options have been filed with the BLM. The proposed rule 
would remove paragraph (g), which refers to lands offered in a previous 
lease sale. Paragraph (g) was recently added to the regulations in the 
2024 Leasing Rule after the IRA eliminated noncompetitive leasing. 
Since the OBBB reinstated noncompetitive leasing, this paragraph is no 
longer needed. The BLM is also proposing language in Sec.  3120.60, as 
further discussed below, to incorporate replacement sales when parcels 
do not receive a bid.
Section 3120.13 Protests (Existing Regulation)
    The proposed rule would remove existing Sec.  3120.13, which 
pertains to protests, and relocate it to new Sec.  3120.43 so that it 
appears in the provisions pertaining to Notice of Competitive Lease 
Sale. This change would allow the sections within part 3120 to appear 
in chronological order to enhance clarity and comprehension by creating 
a logical flow that would allow readers to follow the progression of 
the lease sale process more easily. In addition to updating the 
existing paragraphs' language to active voice, the BLM proposes to add 
a new paragraph (d) to the new section, which would state that the 
processing fee for filing protests that contain more than 50 pages, 
inclusive of exhibits or attachments, is listed in the fee schedule in 
Sec.  3000.120 of this chapter. This would reflect the proposed new 
nonrefundable, administrative filing fee as discussed earlier in this 
preamble under proposed changes for 43 CFR 3000.120.
    Please provide comments on how the BLM should handle hyperlinks in 
protests submitted to the BLM. Should the BLM include each page of a 
hyperlink as part of the number of pages to calculate the filing fee?
Section 3120.22 Effective Date of Leases (Proposed)
    The proposed rule would change the title of the section from 
``Dating of leases'' to ``Effective date of leases'' for improved 
clarity. The proposed rule would also revise the paragraph to active 
voice and correct the referenced regulatory citation from 43 CFR 
3120.80, which does not exist, to the correct citation, 43 CFR 3120.72.
Section 3120.31 Expression of Interest Process
    The proposed rule would remove the requirements found in paragraphs 
(b)(5) and (b)(6) of this section that require the submitter to 
identify the percentage of the United States's fractional interest when 
submitting an EOI for leasing lands where the United States holds a 
fractional interest or to identify the private surface owner's name and 
address when expressing interest in leasing split estate lands, 
respectively. The remaining paragraph (b)(7) would be redesignated to 
become paragraph (b)(5).
    While the BLM proposes to remove the requirement for the submitter 
to identify the percentage of the fractional Federal mineral ownership, 
the BLM nevertheless encourages submitters to identify the percentage 
of the Federal fractional interest if they have documentation showing 
the percentage to help speed the BLM's review of the EOI.
    As directed by E.O. 14219, Ensuring Lawful Governance and 
Implementing the President's ``Department of Government Efficiency'' 
Deregulatory Initiative, the BLM proposes to remove the requirement for 
the EOI submitter to provide the private surface owner's name and 
address. The MLA does not require the BLM to notify the private surface 
owners when the BLM plans to offer Federal oil and gas interests 
underlying their land; therefore, the BLM proposes to remove this 
requirement as a regulation that imposes undue burdens on the oil and 
gas industry.
    As required by the OBBB, the BLM must process EOIs within 18 
months. We encourage the individual submitting an EOI for acquired 
lands to provide title documents demonstrating that the Federal 
Government owns the oil and gas underlying the lands proposed for 
leasing to assist the BLM's oil and gas leasing process for several 
reasons:
    Verification of Mineral Ownership: The title documents provide 
essential proof of the Federal Government's ownership of the mineral 
rights, allowing the BLM to confirm that the interested party is indeed 
seeking to lease minerals owned by the Federal Government. This helps 
prevent confusion or disputes regarding property rights and ensures 
that the BLM is processing EOIs related to public resources.
    Streamlined Processing: Having clear documentation of mineral 
ownership upfront can expedite the EOI processing by reducing the time 
the BLM would otherwise have to spend verifying

[[Page 38103]]

ownership status later in the review process. This efficiency can lead 
to quicker decisions on whether the proposed lands can be included in a 
sale and help the BLM manage workloads effectively, facilitating timely 
access to the resources.
    Enhanced Coordination with Other Agencies: In cases involving 
acquired lands that may fall under the jurisdiction of other Federal 
agencies, title documents assist the BLM in communicating effectively 
about ownership and management responsibilities. This clarity aids 
coordination among agencies and streamlines any necessary consent 
requirements.
    In summary, the BLM is not proposing to require title documentation 
as part of the EOI submission but encourages all nominators to include 
title documentation on acquired lands. Voluntarily submitting title 
documents supports the BLM in confirming mineral ownership, 
streamlining processing, and enhancing inter-agency coordination, which 
would allow the BLM to more quickly offer the parcels identified in 
EOIs on future lease sales.
Section 3120.32 Expression of Interest Leasing Preference
    The proposed rule would remove this section in its entirety as the 
sections and requirements listed under this section are not required by 
law and unnecessarily burden the oil and gas leasing process contrary 
to the policy guidance in E.O. 14154 and E.O. 14219. In addition, 
elimination of the leasing preference criteria would allow the BLM to 
comply with the OBBB, which requires the BLM to offer a parcel within 
18 months of receipt of the lands within an EOI. Based on experience 
since the promulgation of the 2024 Leasing Rule and the previous 
comments submitted on the preference criteria, the BLM has identified 
the following deficiencies:
    (1) The preference criteria may inadvertently hinder oil and gas 
mineral development by delaying the leasing process and unnecessarily 
limiting exploration and expansion opportunities.
    (2) The criteria are duplicative of existing established processes 
for land use planning, resulting in unnecessary delays in oil and gas 
leasing without providing tangible benefits.
    (3) Modern drilling technology has advanced, allowing for reduced 
surface impacts, which the preference criteria do not adequately 
consider.
    Based upon the above considerations, the BLM proposes to remove 
Sec.  3120.32 in its entirety.
Section 3120.33 Agency Inventory of Leasing
    This section is related to section 50265 of the IRA, which provides 
that the BLM may not issue a right-of-way (ROW) for wind or solar 
energy development on Federal land unless it has: (1) Held an onshore 
oil and gas lease sale during the past 120 days; and (2) Offered the 
lesser of a sum total of either 2,000,000 acres or 50 percent of the 
acreage for which EOIs have been submitted for lease sales during the 
previous 1-year period. The proposed rule would remove this section in 
its entirety as this section does not govern oil and gas leasing and 
limits the BLM in issuing ROWs for wind and solar development. In 
addition, the provision sunsets by law on August 16, 2032, and is 
better suited to being addressed in policy guidance.
Section 3120.42 Posting Timeframes
    The proposed rule would remove existing paragraphs (a) and (b), 
which require the BLM to provide a scoping period and comment period 
during the NEPA review. These scoping and comment periods are not 
required by the MLA or any other applicable statute; therefore, the BLM 
is proposing to remove these provisions in accordance with E.O.s 14192 
and 14154. Eliminating the two 30-day public participation periods 
could significantly expedite the oil and gas leasing process. By 
reducing the time spent in public comment and review, the BLM could 
still draft strong analyses while facilitating quicker decision-making, 
thus allowing for more timely access to resources. This is essential 
for meeting the increasing demand for domestic energy production and 
ensuring that industry operations can proceed without unnecessary 
delays.
    In addition, the existing public participation periods are not 
mandated by NEPA. The BLM already conducts thorough environmental 
reviews and assessments that include opportunities for public input at 
various stages, including its land use planning efforts, where the BLM 
identifies the lands available for oil and gas leasing and relevant 
stipulations. Consequently, the public participation periods often 
extend the overall timeline unnecessarily, without providing 
significant added value or meaningful changes to the analysis. The BLM 
is staffed with professionals who possess the expertise to evaluate the 
environmental and operational implications of leasing decisions. By 
streamlining public participation, the agency could focus on leveraging 
its technical knowledge and scientific assessments to make informed 
decisions, rather than being delayed by overly extended public comment 
periods that do not yield substantial new information. In some cases, 
groups have submitted the same comment to four different BLM 
administrative state offices for all sales held in the same month. In a 
recently conducted lease sale, a group submitted nearly identical 
letters at all three phases of the process, with the lengths of these 
letters averaging approximately 116 pages. Upon review, the BLM found 
that, with the exception of one statement of reason, all statements in 
the scoping and comment letters were replicated in both submissions. 
Furthermore, in two recent lease sales, the BLM received almost 
identical protests from the same party, highlighting a concerning trend 
of redundancy across multiple sales. This repetition raises questions 
about the efficiency of responding to such content. Finally, the oil 
and gas industry needs timely access to resources to remain competitive 
in a rapidly changing market. By removing these redundant public 
participation periods that are not required by law, the BLM can respond 
more effectively to industry needs and market demands, ensuring that 
the U.S. remains competitive in the global energy landscape and 
national energy demands are better met.
    The existing paragraph (c) would be redesignated as paragraph (a) 
and would be revised to change the timeframe for posting of the Notice 
of Competitive Lease Sale from 60 calendar days to 45 calendar days 
before the sale date to align with the statutory requirement set forth 
in the MLA. This adjustment would streamline the leasing process by 
reducing unnecessary delays in notifying the public and the oil and gas 
industry of pending sales and facilitating quicker access to Federal 
lands for oil and gas development.
    The existing paragraph (d) would be redesignated as paragraph (b) 
and would be revised to change the protest period from 30 calendar days 
to 10 calendar days. This reduction in the protest period is intended 
to ensure a more efficient and orderly process, allowing for timely 
announcements at lease sales of any protests received while still 
providing adequate opportunity for stakeholders to voice their 
concerns. By shortening the protest period, the BLM can ensure it has 
time to respond to protests and meet statutory deadlines for lease 
issuance, thereby promoting a more responsive and effective regulatory 
framework that supports responsible mineral development. These changes 
are designed to enhance operational

[[Page 38104]]

efficiency while maintaining the integrity of the leasing process.
    The existing paragraph (e) would be redesignated as paragraph (c) 
and the word ``compliance'' would be removed as it is unnecessary.
    In addition, the proposed rule would add a new paragraph (d) 
stating the BLM will post a public notice if it decides for any reason 
not to hold a scheduled quarterly lease sale. By providing such notice, 
those entities that might have participated in a sale will be able to 
take the lack of a sale into account in planning any exploration or 
development. The BLM could post the notice in multiple places, such as 
the National Fluids Lease Sale System, state-office web pages, and in 
public rooms. However, the proposed rule does not specify where the BLM 
would post this notice to provide for flexibility.
    The BLM would hold replacements sales, as provided in proposed 
Sec.  3120.60, when a regularly scheduled sale is canceled, delayed, or 
deferred, including for a lack of eligible parcels as mandated by 
section 50101(c)(3) of the OBBB.
Section 3120.43 Protests (Proposed)
    The proposed rule would move the protest section from Sec.  3120.13 
to Sec.  3120.43, as discussed above under Sec.  3120.13, so that it 
appears in the provisions pertaining to the Notice of Competitive Lease 
Sale.
Section 3120.53 Award of Lease
    The proposed rule would correct all the references in paragraph (a) 
from ``43 CFR 3120.62'' to the correct citation of ``43 CFR 3120.52'' 
as 43 CFR 3120.62 does not exist in the regulations.
Section 3120.60 Parcels Not Bid on at Auction
    The proposed rule would update the paragraph in this section to 
incorporate requirements mandated by the OBBB. The proposed rule would 
add language to state that the BLM would hold a replacement sale within 
30 calendar days when a competitive auction does not receive bids on 25 
percent or greater of the acreage offered. This complies with section 
50101(c)(3)(B) of the OBBB, which states, ``The Secretary of the 
Interior shall conduct a replacement sale during the same fiscal year 
if (B) during a lease sale under paragraph (1) the percentage of 
acreage that does not receive a bid is equal to or greater than 25 
percent of the acreage offered.'' In addition, the section would state 
that these lands will be available noncompetitively under 43 CFR part 
3110 for 2 years after either the lease sale or the replacement sale, 
whichever is later.
Section 3120.72 Future Interest Terms and Conditions
    The proposed rule would revise the referenced citation of ``43 CFR 
3101.20'' in paragraph (b) to ``43 CFR subpart 3102'' due to the 
previously discussed reorganization of the acreage-limitations section.
Section 3120.73 Compensatory Royalty Agreements
    The proposed rule would revise this section by adding a sentence 
that states the BLM may use such agreements until the BLM issues a 
competitive lease for unleased lands included in a compensatory royalty 
agreement. In 2011, the BLM issued policy to establish Unleased Lands 
Accounts for a consistent, nationwide procedure between the BLM and the 
Office of Natural Resources Revenue (ONRR) for collecting royalty 
payments for unleased Federal minerals included in a producing 
Secondary Unit Agreement, a unit participating area containing unleased 
lands, or a CA. However, this approach does not provide the ONRR with 
an enforcement mechanism for collections of unpaid royalties.
    The MLA, like the Department's regulations, does not preclude the 
BLM from using a compensatory royalty agreement (CRA) to prevent 
drainage solely for lands that are unleasable. In 30 U.S.C. 226(j), 
Congress gave the Secretary of the Interior authority to negotiate CRAs 
whenever operators are draining lands owned by the U.S. of oil or gas 
through wells drilled on adjacent lands. The Secretary may negotiate 
CRAs under which the United States will be compensated for any drainage 
of Federal oil or gas. When a secondary unit, a unit participating 
area, or a producing communitization agreement contains unleased 
Federal minerals that are leasable and subject to drainage, the BLM 
will negotiate a CRA with the operator and include a clause for 
automatic termination once a Federal lease is issued and becomes 
effective. With this proposed change, the CRA would enable ONRR to 
establish a revenue account for earned royalty payments with a formal 
agreement in place for enforcement.
14. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3134.1
    E.O. 14270 directs the BLM to incorporate a sunset provision into 
regulations promulgated under FLPMA. While the Department's oil and gas 
leasing regulations reference FLPMA for land use planning decisions, 
these regulations are primarily established under the MLA and its 
authority for promulgating regulations. As a result, the BLM did not 
include a sunset date for these oil and gas leasing regulations and 
proposes to remove reference to the FLPMA citation from the authority 
statement for part 3130.
    The proposed rule would not revise the existing 43 CFR 3134.1 
heading. The purpose of updating this section is to make this section 
consistent with 43 CFR subpart 3104. In addition, the existing term 
``shall'' would be replaced with the words ``must,'' ``will,'' or 
``may,'' as appropriate, for better clarity and to reduce any 
confusion.
Section 3134.1 Bonding
    The proposed rule would correct the citation in paragraph (a) from 
``Sec.  3104.1'' to the correct citation of ``Sec.  3104.10'' for bond 
obligations describing the different ways a bond can be secured. The 
proposed rule would also remove references to nationwide bonds. If the 
BLM decides to reinstate nationwide bonds, the BLM would not modify 
this Section to remove the nationwide bond discussion. Paragraph (a) 
would now state that prior to issuance of an oil and gas lease, the 
successful bidder must furnish the authorized officer a surety or 
personal bond in accordance with the provisions of Sec.  3104.10 of 
this title in the sum of $100,000 conditioned on compliance with all 
the lease terms and conditions, including rentals and royalties, and 
any stipulations. The bond will not be required if the bidder already 
maintains or furnishes a bond in the sum of $300,000 conditioned on 
compliance with the terms, conditions, and stipulations of all oil and 
gas leases held by the bidder within NPR-A.
    The proposed rule would also revise paragraph (b) to remove 
references to nationwide bonds. Paragraph (b) would now state that a 
bond in the sum of $100,000 or $300,000, may be provided by an 
operating rights owner (sublessee) or operator in lieu of a bond 
furnished by the lessee, and must assume the responsibilities and 
obligations of the lessee for the entire leasehold in the same manner 
and to the same extent as though they were the lessee.
    The proposed rule would correct the citations in paragraph (e) from 
``Sec.  3104.2'' to the correct citation of ``Sec.  3104.20'' which 
covers individual lease bonds, and ``Sec.  3104.3(a)'' to the correct 
citation of ``Sec.  3104.30'' which covers statewide bonds.
15. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3140
    The proposed rule would not revise any section headings in the 
existing 43

[[Page 38105]]

CFR subpart 3140 regulations. E.O. 14270 directs the BLM to incorporate 
a sunset provision into regulations promulgated under FLPMA. While the 
Department's oil and gas leasing regulations reference FLPMA for land 
use planning decisions, these regulations are primarily established 
under the MLA and its authority for promulgating regulations. As a 
result, the BLM did not include a sunset date for these oil and gas 
leasing regulations and proposes to remove reference to the FLPMA 
citation from the authority statement for part 3140.
Section 3140.14 Other Provisions
    The proposed rule would update the citations from ``43 CFR 3101.21 
or 3101.22'' in paragraph (a) to ``43 CFR 3102.51 or 3102.52'' 
consistent with the reorganization of the acreage limitations as 
previously discussed.
    The proposed rule would update the royalty rate in paragraph (c)(2) 
from 16.67 percent to 12.5 percent to comply with the requirements of 
the OBBB for combined hydrocarbon leases. This change has minimal 
practical impact because the application period for these leases closed 
on November 15, 1983, and only three applications remain pending. The 
BLM has continued processing these applications while completing land 
use planning for the special tar sand areas and preparing the necessary 
NEPA analysis to support conversion to combined hydrocarbon leases. 
Although the BLM finalized a rule on April 29, 2026 (91 FR 23017), 
revising royalty rates as required by the OBBB, the agency 
inadvertently did not update the corresponding provision in part 3140 
due to the limited number of remaining applications. The proposed 
revision would correct this oversight to ensure consistency with the 
already published rule. Due to the limited scope of this change, the 
BLM did not analyze or monetize the effects to Federal revenues and 
operators from the three pending applications.
Section 3140.70 Lands Within the National Park System
    The proposed rule would correct the citation from ``43 CFR 
3100.3(h)(4)'' in the section to ``43 CFR 3100.3(g)(4).''
16. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3141
    The proposed rule would not revise any of the headings to the 
existing subpart 3141 regulations.
Section 3141.10 General
    The proposed rule would update the citation ``43 CFR 3101.21'' in 
paragraph (h) to ``43 CFR 3102.51'' consistent with the reorganization 
of the acreage limitations as previously discussed.
Section 3141.53 Royalties and Rentals
    The proposed rule would update the royalty rate in paragraph (a) 
from 16.67 percent to 12.5 percent to conform to the requirements of 
the OBBB to address the royalty rate for these combined hydrocarbon 
leases.
    The proposed rule would correct the citation from ``43 CFR 3103.20 
and 3103.30'' in paragraph (e) to ``43 CFR 3103.''
Section 3141.63 Conduct of sales
    The proposed rule would correct the citation from ``43 CFR 
3120.60'' in paragraph (a) to ``43 CFR 3120.51.''
    The proposed rule would correct the citation from ``43 CFR 
3120.62'' in paragraph (b)(2) to ``43 CFR 3120.52.''
17. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3152
    The proposed rule would not change or revise the existing 43 CFR 
3152.3 heading. E.O. 14270 directs the BLM to incorporate a sunset 
provision into regulations promulgated under FLPMA. While the 
Department's oil and gas leasing regulations reference FLPMA for land 
use planning decisions, these regulations are primarily established 
under the MLA and its authority for promulgating regulations. As a 
result, the BLM did not include a sunset date for these oil and gas 
leasing regulations and proposes to remove reference to the FLPMA 
citation from the authority statement for part 3150.
Section 3152.3 Renewal of Exploration Permit
    The proposed rule would remove the filing fee requirement for 
exploration permit renewals in Alaska. As previously discussed, this 
fee is rarely collected and removing this fee would be in keeping with 
policy directives in recently issued E.O.s and Presidential Memoranda 
to eliminate unnecessary or obsolete regulations.
18. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3165
    The proposed rule would not change or revise the existing 43 CFR 
3165.1 heading. E.O. 14270 directs the BLM to incorporate a sunset 
provision into regulations promulgated under FLPMA. While the 
Department's oil and gas leasing regulations reference FLPMA for land 
use planning decisions, these regulations are primarily established 
under the MLA and its authority for promulgating regulations. As a 
result, the BLM did not include a sunset date for these proposed oil 
and gas leasing regulations and proposes to remove reference to FLPMA 
from the authority statement for part 3140.
Section 3165.1 Relief From Operating and/or Producing Requirements
    The purpose of this section is to describe the requirements for 
lease suspension applications. Federal oil and gas lessees benefit from 
lease suspensions in two ways: (1) They provide financial relief by 
temporarily halting rental payments while the lease is suspended; and 
(2) They protect lessees' rights by ensuring they retain their leases 
without the risk of expiration while the lease is in suspension. The 
BLM proposes to revise this section by removing requirements that are 
not mandated by the MLA.
    The proposed rule would remove the existing paragraph (c), which 
currently states the BLM will not approve a suspension application for 
a lease in circumstances where an APD on the subject lease is filed 
less than 90 calendar days before the expiration date of the lease. The 
BLM's rationale for removing paragraph (c) is that lessees and 
operating rights owners are entitled to the full primary term of the 
lease but are also responsible for timely filing required plans and 
necessary applications. This change would provide the BLM with the 
flexibility to consider suspensions for operators who have been 
diligently working with the BLM and other State and Federal agencies 
but are unable to get the APD submitted within this timeframe due to 
reasons beyond their control.
    This change would benefit the public by ensuring that valuable oil 
and gas leases are not prematurely cancelled due to administrative 
delays or unforeseen issues, thereby allowing for continued development 
of domestic energy resources. By enabling the BLM to grant suspensions 
in appropriate cases, the proposed rule would foster a more efficient 
leasing process that could adapt to the realities of the industry. This 
increased flexibility would not only help to maximize the use of 
Federal lands for energy production but would also contribute to 
enhancing domestic energy supply, ultimately benefiting consumers and 
promoting energy independence. In a time when the demand for domestic 
energy is critical, this rule would support timely development while 
ensuring that operators could fulfill their obligations without being 
hindered by rigid timelines.
    The proposed rule would then redesignate existing paragraph (d) to 
paragraph (c) and remove the phrase ``of operations and production'' 
from the

[[Page 38106]]

first sentence. Removing this phrase would make it clear that this 
section applies to both types of suspensions allowed under sections 17 
and 39 of the MLA. ``Section 39'' suspensions of the MLA suspend both 
operations and production, 30 U.S.C. 209. ``Section 17'' suspensions of 
the MLA include a suspension of operations or a suspension of 
production, 30 U.S.C. 226(i). The BLM proposes to remove this phrase 
because the criteria in the existing paragraph (d) applies to all types 
of suspensions. The proposed rule would also remove the second and 
third sentences of existing paragraph (d), which currently state that 
approved suspensions will not exceed 1 year, unless, if circumstances 
warrant, all operating rights owners, or the operator on behalf of the 
operating rights owners, submit a request to extend the suspension 
prior to the end of the suspension. The BLM is also proposing to remove 
existing paragraph (e), which states that BLM-directed suspensions may 
exceed 1 year. In keeping with current E.O.s and Presidential 
Memoranda, BLM is proposing to remove existing provisions that are not 
clearly grounded in statutory authority. The proposed changes would 
revise this section so that suspensions, when authorized, would remain 
in effect until the circumstances warranting the suspension no longer 
exist. This change would enable the BLM to grant suspensions for 
appropriate periods related to the reason for the suspension. This 
increased flexibility would not only help maximize the use of Federal 
lands for energy production but would also contribute to enhancing 
domestic energy supply, ultimately benefiting consumers and promoting 
energy independence. In a time when the demand for domestic energy is 
critical, this proposed rule would support timely development while 
ensuring that operators can fulfill their obligations without being 
hindered by rigid timelines.
    The proposed rule would redesignate paragraph (f) to become 
paragraph (d) due to the proposed changes discussed above.
    The proposed rule would add a new paragraph (e) stating that the 
BLM may grant a suspension of operations and production or a suspension 
of operations at any time in a lease's term but may only grant a 
suspension of production after a lease begins production. The BLM 
proposes this change to allow additional flexibility for granting 
warranted suspensions. Section 17(i) of the MLA (30 U.S.C. 226(i)) 
stipulates that no lease issued under this section shall expire because 
operations or production is suspended under any order, or with the 
consent, of the Secretary. The Department's implementing regulations at 
43 CFR 3103.42(a) specify that a suspension of operations only or a 
suspension of production only may be directed or consented to by the 
authorized officer in cases where the lessee is prevented from 
operating on the lease or producing from the lease, despite the 
exercise of due care and diligence, by reason of force majeure, that 
is, by matters beyond the reasonable control of the lessee.
    The IBLA decision, Savoy Energy, LP, 178 IBLA 313 (2010), adopted a 
narrow construction of the suspension of operations provision by 
stating that it applies only to leases that have a well capable of 
production, and it does not apply to leases on which there has been no 
drilling. The holding of Savoy Energy presents a challenge to the BLM's 
effective management of oil and gas leases where lessees are unable to 
commence operations due to circumstances beyond their reasonable 
control. Examples of these circumstances include, but are not limited 
to, an avalanche, a pandemic, waiting on a State-required permit, 
weather conditions, and litigation. The holding of Savoy Energy does 
not align with provisions of section 17(i) of the MLA, the regulations 
at 43 CFR 3103.42(a), or ``Oil & Gas Lease Suspension,'' M-36953, 92 
I.D. 293, 299-301 (1985). Therefore, the BLM is proposing to add new 
paragraph (e) that does clearly comply with section 17(i) of the MLA.
19. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3181
    The proposed rule would not change or revise the existing 43 CFR 
subpart 3181 heading.
Section 3181.1 Preliminary Consideration of Unit Agreement
    The proposed rule would revise this section to remove the reference 
to appendix A as currently found under 43 CFR subpart 3186, as the rule 
proposes to remove the model forms from the CFR and instead maintain 
the forms on the BLM's forms web page at https://www.blm.gov/services/electronic-forms. As discussed below, this rule proposes to remove 43 
CFR subpart 3186.
20. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3183
    The proposed rule would not change or revise the existing 43 CFR 
3183.4 heading. The existing term ``shall'' would be replaced with the 
words ``must,'' ``will,'' or ``may,'' as appropriate, to reduce 
confusion.
Section 3183.4 Approval of Executed Agreement
    The proposed rule would revise this section to remove the reference 
to appendix A as currently found under 43 CFR subpart 3186, as the rule 
proposes to move the model forms to the BLM's forms web page. In 
addition, the proposed rule would correct the regulatory citation to 43 
CFR subpart 3107.
21. Section-by-Section Discussion for Changes to 43 CFR Subpart 3186
    The proposed rule would remove subpart 3186 to remove all of the 
appendices in the existing subpart 3186 regulations in their entirety, 
and move them to the BLM's forms web page (https://www.blm.gov/services/electronic-forms) as these are examples of a model onshore 
unit agreement (appendix A), with an example Exhibit A (appendix B), an 
example Exhibit B (appendix C), an example model designation of 
successor unit operator (appendix D), and an example model change in 
unit operator (appendix E). Removing these model forms from the 
regulations would allow the BLM to keep these examples up to date in a 
timely manner and is consistent with the policy direction in recent 
E.O.s to remove unnecessary requirements. These are form documents and 
should not be in the CFR.

VI. Procedural Matters

A. Regulatory Planning and Review (E.O. 12866, E.O. 13563)

    E.O. 12866 provides that the Office of Information and Regulatory 
Affairs (OIRA) within the OMB will review all significant rules. The 
OIRA has determined that this proposed rule is significant.
    E.O. 13563 reaffirms the principles of E.O. 12866 while calling for 
improvements in the Nation's regulatory system to promote 
predictability, to reduce uncertainty, and to use the best, most 
innovative, and least burdensome tools for achieving regulatory ends. 
The E.O. directs agencies to consider regulatory approaches that reduce 
burdens and maintain flexibility and freedom of choice for the public 
where these approaches are relevant, feasible, and consistent with 
regulatory objectives. E.O. 13563 emphasizes further that regulations 
must be based on the best available science and that the rulemaking 
process must allow for public participation and an open exchange of 
ideas. We have developed this rule in a manner consistent with these 
requirements.

[[Page 38107]]

    This proposed rule would revise the BLM's current rules governing 
oil and gas leasing, which are contained in 43 CFR parts 3000, 3100, 
3110, 3120, 3130, 3140, 3150, 3160, and 3180. The BLM developed this 
proposed rule in a manner consistent with the requirements in E.O. 
12866, Regulatory Planning and Review, and E.O. 13563, Improving 
Regulation and Regulatory Review. Consistent with these Executive 
Orders, the BLM evaluated the potential economic impact of the proposed 
rule, including non-monetized effects. The BLM determined that the 
proposed rule would generate net cost savings of $6.13 to $12.2 million 
per year (in 2025 dollars). Further, the proposed rule would affect 
transfer payments totaling $3.1 million per year (in 2025 dollars). 
Table 2 shows the estimated Net Present Value (NPV) of the cost savings 
and transfer payments over a 20-year period of analysis (in 2025 
dollars).
    The BLM determined that most proposed changes in the rule are 
administrative and do not result in direct environmental effects. 
However, reducing the minimum bonding amounts could delay reclamation 
of orphaned wells by an estimated 1,440 to 2,400 days annually, leading 
to nonmonetized environmental costs such as postponed improvements in 
soil stability, water quality, and habitat recovery. The BLM reflects 
these non-monetized costs in Table 2.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP24JN26.010

    For more detailed information, refer to the regulatory impact 
analysis (RIA) prepared for this proposed rule. The RIA has been posted 
in the docket for the proposed rule on the Federal eRulemaking Portal: 
https://www.regulations.gov. In the Searchbox, enter ``BLM-2025-0037'', 
click the ``Search'' button, open the Docket Folder, and look under 
Supporting Documents.

B. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) (RFA) 
requires that Federal agencies prepare a regulatory flexibility 
analysis for rules subject to the notice-and-comment rulemaking 
requirements under the Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. 500 et 
seq.) if the rule would have a significant economic impact, whether 
detrimental or beneficial, on a substantial number of small entities. 
Refer to 5 U.S.C. 601-612. Congress enacted the RFA to ensure that 
government regulations do not unnecessarily or disproportionately 
burden small entities. Small entities include small businesses, small 
governmental jurisdictions, and small not-for-profit enterprises.
    The BLM reviewed the Small Business Administration's (SBA) size 
standards for small businesses and the number of entities fitting those 
size standards as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in the Economic 
Census. The number of small businesses in States where there are 
existing Federal oil and gas leases is estimated to be 5,107 for the 
Crude Petroleum Extraction and Natural Gas Extraction industries (North 
American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes 211120 and 
211130, respectively). The BLM concludes that the vast majority of 
entities operating in the relevant sectors are small businesses as 
defined by the SBA.
    The BLM estimates that the per-entity economic impact of the 
proposed rule would be less than 1 percent of the annual receipts for 
small businesses of any size. Because the final rule will not have a 
``significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities,'' an initial regulatory flexibility analysis is not required. 
Please refer to the RIA for more information.
    Therefore, the Secretary of the Interior certifies under 5 U.S.C. 
605(b) that this proposed rule would not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities.

C. Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation (E.O. 14192)

    DOI has examined this proposed rulemaking and has tentatively 
determined that it is consistent with the policies and directives 
outlined in E.O. 14192, ``Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation.'' 
This proposed rule, if finalized as proposed, would promote prudent 
financial management and alleviate unnecessary regulatory burdens. 
Therefore, it is expected to be an E.O. 14192 deregulatory action, as 
the proposed rule is expected to result in present value cost savings 
of $65 to $129 million (2025$) discounted at 7%, primarily from reduced 
bonding and lease application costs for oil and gas operators.

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)

    This proposed rule would not impose an unfunded mandate on State, 
local, or Tribal governments, or the private sector of more than $100 
million per year. While the proposed rule includes several changes to 
the Federal oil and gas leasing program, the only provision anticipated 
to affect the financial resources flowing to States is the return of 
noncompetitive leasing. As described in the regulatory impact analysis, 
this change is expected to result in a modest

[[Page 38108]]

reduction in bonus bid revenue, approximately $955,000 annually, due to 
a shift in how certain parcels are leased.
    Because States receive approximately 50 percent of bonus bid 
revenues from Federal lease sales, this reduction would result in a 
proportional decrease in revenue shared with States. However, this 
impact is limited in scale and does not reflect a change in royalty 
payments, which are based on production. The return of noncompetitive 
leasing is not expected to affect royalty revenues, as only 1 percent 
of noncompetitive leases issued between 2003 and 2019 began producing 
within their primary term. These leases likely would have been issued 
competitively in the absence of a noncompetitive option.
    Accordingly, the financial impact on States is expected to be 
minimal and limited solely to the reduction in bonus bid revenue 
associated with noncompetitive leasing. In addition, the proposed rule 
would not have a significant or unique effect on State, local, or 
Tribal governments or the private sector. The proposed rule contains no 
requirements that would apply to State, local, or Tribal governments. 
The proposed rule would revise requirements that would otherwise apply 
to the private sector participation in a voluntary Federal program. The 
costs that the proposed rule would impose on the private sector are 
below the monetary threshold established at 2 U.S.C. 1532(a). A 
statement containing the information required by the Unfunded Mandates 
Reform Act (UMRA) (2 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) is therefore not required for 
the proposed rule. This proposed rule is also not subject to the 
requirements of section 203 of UMRA because it contains no regulatory 
requirements that might significantly or uniquely affect small 
governments, apply to such governments, or impose obligations upon 
them.

E. Governmental Actions and Interference With Constitutionally 
Protected Property Right--Takings (E.O. 12630)

    This proposed rule would not cause a taking of private property or 
otherwise have takings implications under E.O. 12630. Therefore, a 
takings implication assessment is not required. The proposed rule would 
update the BLM's current rules governing oil and gas leasing, which are 
contained in 43 CFR parts 3100 through 3180. The proposed provisions in 
this rule would not cause a taking of private property because the 
operations that would be subject to these rules are already subject to 
existing lease terms, which expressly require that subsequent lease 
activities must be conducted in compliance with subsequently adopted 
Federal laws and regulations.
    This proposed rule conforms to the terms of the existing leases and 
applicable statutes and, as such, the rule is not a government action 
capable of interfering with constitutionally protected property rights. 
Therefore, the BLM has determined that the rule would not cause a 
taking of private property or require further discussion of takings 
implications under E.O. 12630.

F. Federalism (E.O. 13132)

    Under the criteria in section 1 of E.O. 13132, this proposed rule 
does not have sufficient federalism implications to warrant the 
preparation of a federalism summary impact statement. A federalism 
impact statement is not required.
    The proposed rule would not have a substantial direct effect on the 
States, on the relationship between the Federal Government and the 
States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the 
levels of government. It would not apply to States or local governments 
or State or local governmental entities. The rule would affect the 
relationship between operators, lessees, and the BLM, but it would not 
directly impact the States. Therefore, in accordance with E.O. 13132, 
the BLM has determined that this proposed rule would not have 
sufficient federalism implications to warrant preparation of a 
federalism assessment.

G. Civil Justice Reform (E.O. 12988)

    This proposed rule complies with the requirements of E.O. 12988. 
More specifically, this proposed rule meets the criteria of section 
3(a), which requires agencies to review all regulations to eliminate 
errors and ambiguity and to write all regulations to minimize 
litigation. This proposed rule also meets the criteria of section 
3(b)(2), which requires agencies to write all regulations in clear 
language with clear legal standards.

H. Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments (E.O. 
13175 and Departmental Policy)

    The Department strives to strengthen its government-to-government 
relationship with Indian Tribes through a commitment to consultation 
with Indian Tribes and recognition of their right to self-governance 
and Tribal sovereignty.
    The BLM evaluated this proposed rule under the Department's 
consultation policy and under the criteria in E.O. 13175 to identify 
possible effects of the rule on federally recognized Indian Tribes. 
Since the proposed changes to leasing only apply to Federal lands, the 
proposed rule will not impact the leasing of Indian minerals.
    The BLM is providing an opportunity for Tribal consultation. The 
Tribes may request individual government-to-government consultation 
regarding the proposed rule throughout the rulemaking process.

I. Paperwork Reduction Act

    The Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501-3521) generally 
provides that an agency may not conduct or sponsor and, not 
withstanding any other provision of law, a person is not required to 
respond to, a collection of information, unless it displays a currently 
valid OMB control number. Collections of information include any 
request or requirement that persons obtain, maintain, retain, or report 
information to an agency, or disclose information to a third party or 
to the public (44 U.S.C. 3502(3) and 5 CFR 1320.3(c)).
    This proposed rule contains information-collection requirements 
that are subject to review by OMB under the PRA. OMB has approved the 
existing information collection requirements contained in the 
regulations that would be affected by this proposed rule under the OMB 
Control Number 1004-0185 (Sec. Sec.  3100, 3103.41, 3106, 3120, and 
subpart 3162).
    See the Section-by Section Discussion for further information on 
the proposed changes to each section of this proposed rule; including 
proposed changes to sections that contain information collection 
requirements. The information collection requirements are also 
discussed in detail in the information collection request submitted to 
OMB in association with this proposed rule.
Proposed Changes Impacting OMB Control Number 1004-0185
    Currently, there are 16,340 annual responses, 29,410 annual burden 
hours, and $3,766,184 annual non-hour cost burdens inventoried under 
OMB Control Number 1004-0185. The BLM projects that the new estimated 
burdens under this OMB control number would be 14,956 annual responses, 
18,359 annual burden hours and $1,793,788 annual non-hour cost burdens. 
The proposed rule would rescind and revise information collection 
requirements and move other information collection requirements to new 
sections within the

[[Page 38109]]

proposed rule. These proposed changes are summarized as follows.
1. Rescinded Information Collection Requirements
    43 CFR 3100.31(b)--Notice of Option Statement. The removal of this 
information collection requirement would result in the reduction of 1 
annual response and 1 annual burden hour.
    43 CFR 3100.33--Option Statement. The removal of this information 
collection requirement would result in the reduction of 2 annual 
response and 2 annual burden hours.
    The BLM proposes to rescind the regulatory sections covering 
options because industry has never filed options with the BLM. The BLM 
has not previously received option statements from industry and cannot 
prohibit options. However, the BLM would continue to accept option 
statements for the lease file, which is a public record.
2. Revised Information Collection Requirements
    43 CFR 3120.43 and 3000.120--Protest fee per page after 50 pages. 
Proposed revisions to 43 CFR 3000.120 and 3120.43 would introduce a 
$1.00 per page fee for protest filings that exceed 50 pages in length, 
including exhibits. This fee is proposed to discourage overly lengthy 
and administratively burdensome protest filings. This proposed revision 
is estimated to result in an additional $2,604 annual non-hour cost 
burdens to protestors.
    The proposed rule would also move 43 CFR 3120.13 Protests to 43 CFR 
3120.43 under the discussion of the Notice of Competitive Lease Sale to 
consolidate topics and enhance readability since protests are filed 
after the BLM publishes the Notice of Competitive Lease Sale.
    43 CFR 3120.41--Expression of Interest $5 Per Acre Fee. Section 
50101(d)(3) the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (30 U.S.C. 226) removed the 
EOI fee. This revision would reduce annual non-hour cost burden by 
$1,975,000.
3. Moved Information Collection Requirements
    43 CFR 3101.24(a)--Proof of acreage reduction and Excess acreage 
petition. These information collection requirements would be moved from 
43 CFR 3101.24(a) to 43 CFR 3102.54 and the information collection 
requirements would remain substantively unchanged from the current 
requirements.
3. Summary
    The net burden changes that would result from the revised and 
rescinded information collection requirements as contained in the 
proposed rule are summarized in the below table:
BILLING CODE 4331-29-P

[[Page 38110]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP24JN26.011

BILLING CODE 4331-29-C
    The new estimated total burdens for OMB Control Number 1004-0185 
are as follows.
    Title of Collection: Onshore Oil and Gas Leasing and Drainage 
Protection (43 CFR part 3100).
    OMB Control Number: 1004-0185.
    Form Numbers: 3000-3 and 3000-3a (OMB No. 1004-0034).
    Type of Review: Revision of a currently approved collection.
    Respondents/Affected Public: Holders of onshore oil and gas lease 
and public lands and Indian lands (except on the Osage Reservation), 
operators of such leases, and holders of operating rights on such 
leases.
    Respondent's Obligation: Required to Obtain or Retain a Benefit.
    Frequency of Collection: On occasion.
    Estimated Completion Time per Response: Varies from 30 minutes to 
24 hours, depending on activity.
    Number of Respondents: 14,956.
    Annual Responses: 14,956.
    Annual Burden Hours: 18,359.
    Annual Burden Cost: $1,793,788.
    The complete information collection request is available at 
www.reginfo.gov/public/do/PRAMain. You can find this information 
collection by selecting

[[Page 38111]]

``Currently under Review--Open for Public Comments'' or by using the 
search function. If you want to comment on the information-collection 
requirements of this proposed rule, please send your comments and 
suggestions on this information-collection by the date indicated in the 
DATES and ADDRESSES sections as previously described.

J. National Environmental Policy Act

    A detailed environmental analysis under NEPA is not required 
because the proposed rule will be covered by a categorical exclusion 
(see 43 CFR 46.205). This proposed rule meets the criteria set forth at 
43 CFR 46.210(i) for a Departmental categorical exclusion in that this 
proposed rule is ``of an administrative, financial, legal, technical, 
or procedural nature.'' We have also determined that the proposed rule 
does not involve any of the extraordinary circumstances listed in 43 
CFR 46.215 that would require further analysis under NEPA.

K. Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy 
Supply, Distribution, or Use (E.O. Order 13211)

    Under E.O. 13211, agencies are required to prepare and submit to 
OMB a Statement of Energy Effects for significant energy actions. This 
statement is to include a detailed statement of ``any adverse effects 
on energy supply, distribution, or use (including a shortfall in 
supply, price increases, and increase use of foreign supplies)'' for 
the action and reasonable alternatives and their effects.
    Section 4(b) of E.O. 13211 defines a ``significant energy action'' 
as ``any action by an agency (normally published in the Federal 
Register) that promulgates or is expected to lead to the promulgation 
of a final rule or regulation, including notices of inquiry, advance 
notices of proposed rulemaking, and notices of proposed rulemaking: 
(1)(i) that is a significant regulatory action under E.O. 12866 or any 
successor order, and (ii) is likely to have a significant adverse 
effect on the supply, distribution, or use of energy; or (2) that is 
designated by OIRA as a significant energy action.''
    Any incremental changes in oil or gas production estimated to 
result from the rule's enactment would constitute a small fraction of 
total U.S. gas production, and any potential and temporary deferred 
production of oil would likewise constitute a small fraction of total 
U.S. oil production. For these reasons, we do not expect that the 
proposed rule would significantly impact the supply, distribution, or 
use of energy. As such, the rulemaking is not a ``significant energy 
action'' as defined in E.O. 13211.

L. Clarity of this Regulation (E.O.s 12866, 12988, and 13563)

    We are required by E.O.s 12866 (section 1(b)(12)), 12988 (section 
3(b)(1)(B)), and 13563 (section 1(a)), and by the Presidential 
memorandum of June 1, 1988, to write all rules in plain language. This 
means that each rule must:
    (a) Be logically organized;
    (b) Use the active voice to address readers directly;
    (c) Use common, everyday words and clear language rather than 
jargon;
    (d) Be divided into short sections and sentences; and
    (e) Use lists and tables wherever possible.
    If you feel that we have not met these requirements, send us 
comments by one of the methods listed in the ADDRESSES section. To 
better help the BLM revise the proposed rule, your comments should be 
as specific as possible. For example, you should tell us the numbers of 
the sections or paragraphs that you find unclear, which sections or 
sentences are too long, the sections where you feel lists or tables 
would be useful, etc.

M. Ensuring Lawful Governance (E.O. 14219)

    E.O. 14219 requires agencies to prioritize the executive branch's 
limited enforcement resources on regulations that are authorized by 
constitutional Federal statutes. In accordance with this directive, the 
BLM conducted a review of its regulations and concluded that the 
proposed changes to the oil and gas leasing regulations comply with the 
MLA and do not undermine the national interest.

N. Zero-Based Regulatory Budgeting (E.O. 14270)

    E.O. 14270 requires the BLM to incorporate a sunset provision into 
regulations promulgated under the Mining Act of 1872, the FLPMA, and 
the Energy Policy Act of 2005. While the BLM's oil and gas leasing 
regulations reference FLPMA for land use planning decisions, these 
regulations are primarily established under the MLA and its authority 
for promulgating regulations. As a result, the BLM did not include a 
sunset date for its oil and gas leasing regulations and proposes to 
remove any reference to FLPMA from these parts. The BLM recognizes that 
the BLM promulgated the fixed filing fees under 43 CFR 3000.120 based 
on FLPMA and is requesting comments on the costs and benefits of the 
fixed filing fees. If the BLM sunsets the fixed filing fees, the BLM 
expects it will need additional appropriated funds from Congress to 
process these actions or processing these actions will lag behind other 
actions with sufficient funding. The BLM invites comments on whether 
any specific leasing sections should include a sunset date. Please 
specify the regulatory sections and provide your reasons for including 
a sunset date.

Authors

    The principal authors of this final rule include: Peter Cowan, 
Senior Mineral Leasing Specialist; Jennifer Spencer, Mineral Leasing 
Specialist; William Lambert, Petroleum Engineer in BLM Headquarters; 
Natalie Eades, Attorney Advisor in DOI Office of the Solicitor. 
Technical support provided by: Scott Rickard, Economist; Janna 
Simonsen, Senior Natural Resource Specialist; Faith Bremner, Regulatory 
Analyst; and Darrin King, Senior Regulatory Analysts in BLM 
Headquarters.

43 CFR Chapter II

List of Subjects

43 CFR Part 3000

    Public lands-mineral resources, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

43 CFR Part 3100

    Government contracts, Mineral royalties, Oil and gas reserves, 
Public lands-mineral resources, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Surety bonds.

43 CFR Part 3110

    Government contracts, Oil and gas exploration, Public lands-mineral 
resources, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

43 CFR Part 3120

    Government contracts, Oil and gas exploration, Public lands-mineral 
resources, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

43 CFR Part 3130

    Alaska, Government contracts, Mineral royalties, Oil and gas 
exploration, Oil and gas reserves, Public lands-mineral resources, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Surety bonds.

43 CFR Part 3140

    Government contracts, Hydrocarbons, Mineral royalties, Oil and gas 
exploration, Public lands-mineral resources, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

[[Page 38112]]

43 CFR Part 3150

    Administrative practice and procedure, Alaska, Oil and gas 
exploration, Public lands-mineral resources, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Surety bonds.

43 CFR Part 3160

    Administrative practice and procedure, Government contracts, 
Indians-lands, Mineral royalties, Oil and gas exploration, Penalties, 
Public lands-mineral resources, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

43 CFR Part 3180

    Government contracts, Mineral royalties, Oil and gas exploration, 
Public lands-mineral resources, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

    For the reasons set out in the preamble, the Bureau of Land 
Management proposes to amend 43 CFR parts 3000, 3100, 3110, 3120, 3130, 
3140, 3150, 3160, and 3180 as follows:

PART 3000--MINERALS MANAGEMENT: GENERAL

0
1. The authority citation for part 3000 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  16 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.; 30 U.S.C. 181 et seq., 301-
306, 351-359, and 601 et seq.; 31 U.S.C. 9701; 40 U.S.C. 471 et 
seq.; 42 U.S.C. 6508; 43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.; and Pub. L. 97-35, 95 
Stat. 357.

0
2. Revise Sec.  3000.5 to read as follows:


Sec.  3000.5  Definitions.

    As used in 43 CFR Subchapter C, Minerals Management (3000), the 
term:
    Interest means ownership in a lease, or prospective lease, of all 
or a portion of the record title, working interest, operating rights, 
overriding royalty, payments out of production, carried interests, net 
profit share or similar instrument for participation in the benefit 
derived from a lease. An interest may be created by direct or indirect 
ownership, including options. Interest does not mean stock ownership, 
stockholding or stock control in an application, offer, competitive bid 
or lease, except for purposes of acreage limitations and qualifications 
of lessees in 43 CFR subpart 3102.
    Oil means all nongaseous hydrocarbon substances other than those 
substances leasable as coal, oil shale or gilsonite (including all 
vein-type solid hydrocarbons).
    ONRR means the Office of Natural Resources Revenue.
    Party in interest means a party who is or will be vested with any 
interest under the lease as defined in this section. No one is a sole 
party in interest with respect to an application, offer, competitive 
bid or lease in which any other party has an interest.
    Person means any individual, firm, corporation, association, 
partnership, consortium, or joint venture.
    Proper BLM office means the Bureau of Land Management state office 
having jurisdiction over the lands subject to the regulations in parts 
3000 and 3100.
    (See 43 CFR 1821.10 for office location and area of jurisdiction of 
Bureau of Land Management offices.)
    Properly filed means a document or form submitted to the proper BLM 
office with all necessary information and payments, as provided in 43 
CFR subpart 1822.
    Public domain lands means lands, including mineral estates, which 
never left the ownership of the United States, lands which were 
obtained by the United States in exchange for public domain lands, 
lands which have reverted to the ownership of the United States through 
the operation of the public land laws and other lands specifically 
identified by the Congress as part of the public domain.
    Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior.
    Surface managing agency means any Federal agency, other than the 
BLM, having management responsibility for the surface resources that 
overlay federally owned minerals.


Sec.  3000.10  [Removed]

0
3. Remove Sec.  3000.10.
0
4. Amend Sec.  3000.100 by revising paragraph (d) to read as follows:


Sec.  3000.100  Fees in general.

* * * * *
    (d) Timing of fee applicability. (1) For a document that the BLM 
received before [EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE FINAL RULE], the BLM will not 
charge a fixed fee or a case-by-case fee under this subchapter for 
processing that document, except for fees applicable under then-
existing regulations.
    (2) For a document that the BLM receives on or after [EFFECTIVE 
DATE OF THE FINAL RULE], the applicant must include the required fixed 
fees with the documents filed, as provided in Sec.  3000.120(a) of this 
chapter, and the applicant is subject to case-by-case processing fees 
as provided in Sec.  3000.110 and under other provisions of this 
chapter.
0
5. Revise Sec.  3000.120 to read as follows:


Sec.  3000.120  Fee schedule for fixed fees.

    (a) The table in this section lists the services that require 
payment of fixed fees to the BLM. The fixed fee amounts are posted on 
the BLM website (https://www.blm.gov) and published in a Federal 
Register notice. These fees are nonrefundable and must be included with 
documents filed under this chapter. Fees will be adjusted annually 
according to the change in the Implicit Price Deflator for Gross 
Domestic Product since the previous adjustment and will subsequently be 
posted on the BLM website (https://www.blm.gov) and announced annually 
in the Federal Register before October 1 each year. Revised fees are 
effective each year on October 1.

        Table 1 to Paragraph (a)--Processing and Filing Fee Table
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           Document or Action
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oil & Gas (parts 3100, 3120, 3130, 3150, 3160, and 3180):
    Assignment and transfer of record title or operating rights
    Designation of successor operator for all Federal agreements, except
     for contracted unit agreements that contain no Federal lands
    Final application for Federal unit agreement approval, Federal unit
     agreement expansion, and Federal subsurface gas storage application
    Geophysical exploration permit application--all States
    Lease application
    Lease consolidation
    Lease reinstatement, Class I
    Leasing and compensatory royalty agreements under right-of-way
     pursuant to subpart 3109
    Name change; corporate merger; sheriff's deed; dissolution of
     corporation, partnership, or trust; or transfer to heir/devisee
    Overriding royalty transfer, payment out of production
    Protest fee per page after 50 pages, including exhibits
Onshore Oil and Gas Operations and Production (parts 3160, 3170):
    Application for Permit to Drill

[[Page 38113]]

 
Geothermal (part 3200):
    Assignment and transfer of record title or operating rights
    Assignment or transfer of site license
    Competitive lease application
    Lease consolidation
    Lease reinstatement
    Name change, corporate merger or transfer to heir/devisee
    Nomination of lands
    plus per acre nomination fee
    Noncompetitive lease application
    Site license application
Coal (parts 3400, 3470):
    Exploration license application
    Lease or lease interest transfer
    License to mine application
Leasing of Solid Minerals Other Than Coal and Oil Shale (parts 3500,
 3580):
    Applications other than those listed below
    Assignment, sublease, or transfer of operating rights
    Extension of prospecting permit
    Lease modification or fringe acreage lease
    Lease renewal
    Prospecting permit application amendment
    Renewal of existing sand and gravel lease in Nevada
    Shasta and Trinity hardrock mineral lease
    Transfer of overriding royalty
    Use permit
Public Law 359; Mining in Powersite Withdrawals: General (part 3730):
    Notice of protest of placer mining operations
Mining Law Administration (parts 3800, 3810, 3830, 3860, 3870):
    Adverse claim
    Amendment of location
    Application to open lands to location
    Deferment of assessment work
    Mineral patent adjudication
    Notice of location *
    Protest
    Recording a notice of intent to locate mining claims on Stockraising
     Homestead Act lands
    Recording an annual FLPMA filing
    Transfer of mining claim/site
Oil Shale Management (parts 3900, 3910, 3930):
    Application for assignment or sublease of record title or overriding
     royalty
    Exploration license application
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* To record a mining claim or site location, this processing fee along
  with the initial maintenance fee and the one-time location fee
  required by statute 43 CFR part 3833 must be paid.

    (b) The amount of a fixed fee is not subject to appeal to the 
Interior Board of Land Appeals pursuant to 43 CFR part 4, subpart E.

PART 3100--OIL AND GAS LEASING

0
6. Revise the authority citation for part 3100 to read as follows:

    Authority: 25 U.S.C. 396d and 2107; 30 U.S.C. 189, 306, 359, and 
1751; and 42 U.S.C. 15801.

0
7. Revise Sec.  3100.5 to read as follows:


Sec.  3100.5  Definitions.

    As used in parts 3100, 3110, and 3120, the term:
    Acreage for which expressions of interest (EOI) have been submitted 
means acreage that is identified in an EOI received by the BLM, that 
has not been proposed for leasing in any pending sale or other EOI 
pending BLM disposition, and for which the BLM may lawfully issue an 
oil and gas lease.
    Acres offered for lease means all acres that the BLM has offered 
for oil and gas lease, regardless of whether those acres are acreage 
for which expressions of interest have been submitted.
    Actual drilling operations includes not only the physical drilling 
of a well, but also the testing, completing or equipping of such well 
for production.
    Assignment means a transfer of all or a portion of a lessee's 
record title interest in a lease.
    Available lands means those lands that have been designated as open 
for leasing under a land use plan developed under section 202 of the 
Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1712) and 
that have been nominated for leasing through the submission of an 
expression of interest, are subject to drainage in the absence of 
leasing, or are otherwise designated as available pursuant to 
regulations adopted by the Secretary.
    Bid means an amount of remittance offered as partial compensation 
for a lease equal to, or in excess of, the national minimum acceptable 
bonus bid set by statute or by the Secretary, submitted by a person for 
a lease parcel in a competitive lease sale. For leases or compensatory 
royalty agreements issued under 43 CFR subpart 3109, ``bid'' means an 
amount or percent of royalty or compensatory royalty that the owner or 
lessee must pay for the extraction of the oil and gas underlying the 
right-of-way.
    Competitive auction means an in-person or internet-based bidding 
process where leases are offered to the highest bidder.

[[Page 38114]]

    Eligible lands means all lands that are subject to leasing under 
the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 and are not excluded from leasing by a 
statutory prohibition.
    Exception means (as used for lease stipulations) a limited 
exemption, for a particular site within the leasehold, to a 
stipulation.
    Lessee means a person holding record title in a lease issued by the 
United States.
    Modification means (as used for lease stipulations) a change to the 
provisions of a lease stipulation for some or all sites within the 
leasehold and either temporarily or for the term of the lease.
    National Wildlife Refuge System Lands means lands and water, or 
interests therein, administered by the Secretary as wildlife refuges, 
areas for the protection and conservation of fish and wildlife that are 
threatened with extinction; wildlife management areas; or waterfowl 
production areas.
    Oil and gas agreement means an agreement between lessees and the 
BLM to govern the development and allocation of production for existing 
leases and unleased lands, including, but not limited to, 
communitization agreements, compensatory royalty agreements, unit 
agreements, secondary recovery agreements, and gas storage agreements.
    Operating right (working interest) means the interest created out 
of a lease authorizing the holder of that right to enter upon the 
leased lands to conduct drilling and related operations, including 
production of oil or gas from such lands in accordance with the terms 
of the lease. Operating rights include the obligation to comply with 
the terms of the original lease, as it applies to the area or horizons 
for the interest acquired, including the responsibility to plug and 
abandon all wells that are no longer capable of producing, reclaim the 
lease site, and remedy environmental problems.
    Operating rights owner means a person holding operating rights in a 
lease issued by the United States. A lessee also may be an operating 
rights owner if the operating rights in a lease or portion thereof have 
not been severed from record title.
    Operator means any person, including, but not limited to, the 
lessee or operating rights owner, who has stated in writing to the 
authorized officer that it is responsible under the terms and 
conditions of the lease for the operations conducted on the leased 
lands or a portion thereof.
    Primary term of lease subject to section 4(d) of the Act prior to 
the revision of 1960 (30 U.S.C. 226-1(d)) means all periods of the life 
of the lease prior to its extension by reason of production of oil and 
gas in paying quantities; and
    Primary term of all other leases means the initial term of the 
lease, which is 10 years.
    Qualified bidder means any person in compliance with the laws and 
regulations governing a bid.
    Qualified lessee means any person in compliance with the laws and 
regulations governing the BLM issued leases held by that person.
    Record title means a lessee's interest in a lease, which includes 
the obligation to pay rent and the ability to assign and relinquish the 
lease. Record title includes the obligation to comply with the lease 
terms, including requirements relating to well operations and 
abandonment. Overriding royalty and operating rights are severable from 
record title interests.
    Responsible bidder means any person who has not defaulted on the 
payment of winning bids for BLM-issued oil and gas leases, is capable 
of fulfilling the requirements of onshore BLM oil and gas leases and is 
in compliance with statutes and regulations applicable to oil and gas 
development or with the terms of a BLM-issued oil and gas lease. The 
term ``responsible bidder'' does not include persons who bid with no 
intention of paying a winning bid or persons who default on a winning 
bid.
    Responsible lessee means any person who has not defaulted on 
previous winning bids, is capable of fulfilling the requirements of 
onshore Federal oil and gas leases, and is in compliance with statutes 
applicable to oil and gas development or the terms of a BLM-issued oil 
and gas lease.
    Sublease means a transfer of a non-record title interest in a 
lease, i.e., a transfer of operating rights is normally a sublease, and 
a sublease also is a subsidiary arrangement between the lessee 
(sublessor) and the sublessee, but a sublease does not include a 
transfer of a purely financial interest, such as overriding royalty 
interest or payment out of production, nor does it affect the 
relationship imposed by a lease between the lessee(s) and the United 
States.
    Transfer means any conveyance of an interest in a lease by 
assignment, sublease or otherwise. This definition includes the terms: 
Assignment and Sublease.
    Unit operator means the person authorized under the unit agreement 
approved by the Department of the Interior to conduct operations within 
the unit.
    Waiver means (as used for lease stipulations) a permanent exemption 
from a lease stipulation.
0
8. Revise Sec.  3100.9 to read as follows:


Sec.  3100.9  Information collection.

    (a) Authority: 44 U.S.C. 3501-3520.
    (b)(1) Purpose. The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 generally 
provides that an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and notwithstanding 
any other provision of law, a person is not required to respond to a 
collection of information, unless the collection displays a currently 
valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Control Number. This part 
displays OMB control numbers assigned to information collection 
requirements contained in the Department's regulations at 43 CFR part 
3100. This section aids in fulfilling the requirements of the Paperwork 
Reduction Act to display current OMB Control Numbers for these 
information collection requirements. Interested persons should consult 
https://www.reginfo.gov for the most current information on these OMB 
control numbers; including among other things, the justification for 
the information collection requirements, description of likely 
respondents, estimated burdens, and current expiration dates.
    (2) Table 1 to Paragraph (b)--OMB control number assigned pursuant 
to the Paperwork Reduction Act.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            OMB control
                 43 CFR part or section                         No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.  Sec.   3100, 3103.41, 3106, 3120, and Subpart 3162       1004-0185
Sec.  Sec.   3135, and 3216.............................       1004-0034
Part 3130...............................................       1004-0196
Subpart 3195............................................       1004-0179
Sec.   3150.............................................       1004-0162
Sec.  Sec.   3160, * 3171, 3176, and 3177...............       1004-0220
Sec.  Sec.   3172, 3173, 3174, 3175.....................       1004-0137

[[Page 38115]]

 
Sec.  Sec.   3162.3-1, 3178.5, 3178.7, 3178.8, 3178.9          1004-0211
 and Subpart 3179 *.....................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Information collection requirements for onshore oil and gas operations
  are generally accounted for under OMB Control Number 1004-0220;
  however, information collection requirements pertaining to particular
  to waste prevention, production subject to royalties, and resource
  conservation are accounted for under OMB Control Number 1004-0211.

0
9. Revise the undesignated center heading following Sec.  3100.22 to 
read as follows:

Information


Sec. Sec.  3100.31 through 3100.33  [Removed]

0
10. Remove Sec. Sec.  3100.31 through 3100.33.

Subpart 3101--Issuance of Leases

0
11. Revise Sec.  3101.12 to read as follows:


Sec.  3101.12  Surface use rights.

    A lessee will have the right to use so much of the leased lands as 
is necessary to explore for, drill for, mine, extract, remove and 
dispose of all the leased resource in a leasehold subject to applicable 
requirements, including stipulations attached to the lease, 
restrictions deriving from nondiscretionary statutes, and such 
reasonable mitigation measures as may be required and detailed by the 
authorized officer to mitigate adverse impacts to other resource 
values, land uses or users, as provided in the approved resource 
management plan. Such reasonable mitigation measures may include, but 
are not limited to, relocation or modification to siting or design of 
facilities, timing of operations, specification of interim and final 
reclamation measures, and specification of rates of development and 
production in the public interest. At a minimum, mitigation measures 
that are consistent with lease rights include, but are not limited to, 
requiring relocation of proposed operations by up to 200 meters or 
prohibiting new surface disturbing operations for a period of up to 60 
days in any lease year.
0
12. Revise the undesignated center heading following Sec.  3101.14 to 
read as follows:

Limitation on the Issuance of New Leases


Sec. Sec.  3101.21 through 3101.25  [Removed]

0
13. Remove Sec. Sec.  3101.21 through 3101.25.
0
14. Amend Sec.  3101.52 by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:


Sec.  3101.52  Action by the Bureau of Land Management.

    (a) Where the surface managing agency has consented to leasing with 
required stipulations, and the Secretary decides to issue a lease, the 
authorized officer will incorporate the stipulations into any lease 
issued.
* * * * *
0
15. Add an undesignated center heading following Sec.  3101.53 to read 
as follows:

Consultation With State or Charitable Organizations

Subpart 3102--Qualifications of Lessees

0
16. Amend Sec.  3102.20 by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:


Sec.  3102.20  Non-U.S. Citizens.

    (a) Leases or interests therein may be acquired and held by non-
U.S. Citizens only through stock ownership, holding or control in a 
present or potential lessee that is incorporated under the laws of the 
United States or of any State or territory thereof, and only if the 
laws, customs, or regulations of their country do not deny similar or 
like privileges to citizens or corporations of the United States. If it 
is determined that a country has denied similar or like privileges to 
citizens or corporations of the United States, the country will be 
placed on a list available from any BLM state office, and citizens from 
those countries may not hold an interest in a lease.
* * * * *
0
17. Amend Sec.  3102.40 by revising the introductory paragraph to read 
as follows:


Sec.  3102.40  Signature.

    Signatures on all applications and BLM forms certify acceptance of 
lease terms and stipulations, as well as compliance with the 
regulations under 43 CFR part 3100. Refer to Sec.  3102.62 and Sec.  
3102.63 for certification of compliance and evidence. The BLM also 
accepts electronic signatures and submissions.
* * * * *
0
18. Revise the undesignated center heading following Sec.  3102.40 to 
read as follows:

Acreage Limitations

0
19. Revise Sec.  3102.51 to read as follows:


Sec.  3102.51  Public domain lands.

    (a) No person may take, hold, own or control more than 246,080 
acres of Federal oil and gas leases on public domain lands in any one 
State at any one time. No more than 200,000 acres of such acres may be 
held under option.
    (b) In Alaska, the acreage that can be taken, held, owned, or 
controlled is limited to 300,000 acres in the northern leasing district 
and 300,000 acres in the southern leasing district, of which no more 
than 200,000 acres may be held under option in each of the two leasing 
districts. The boundary between the two leasing districts in Alaska 
begins at the northeast corner of the Tetlin National Wildlife Refuge 
as established by section 302(8) of the Alaska National Interest Lands 
Conservation Act, at a point on the boundary between the United States 
and Canada, then northwesterly along the northern boundary of the 
refuge to the left limit of the Tanana River (63[deg]9'38'' north 
latitude, 142[deg]20'52'' west longitude), then westerly along the left 
limit to the confluence of the Tanana and Yukon Rivers, and then along 
the left limit of the Yukon River from said confluence to its principal 
southern mouth.
0
20. Revise Sec.  3102.52 to read as follows:


Sec.  3102.52  Acquired lands.

    Separate from, and in addition to, the limitation for public domain 
lands, no person may take, hold, own or control more than 246,080 acres 
of Federal oil and gas leases on acquired lands in any one State at any 
one time. No more than 200,000 acres of such acres may be held under 
option. Where the United States owns only a fractional interest in the 
mineral resources of the lands involved in a lease, only that part 
owned by the United States will be charged as acreage holdings. The 
acreage embraced in a future interest lease will not be charged as 
acreage holdings until the lease for the future interest becomes 
effective.
0
21. Revise Sec.  3102.53 to read as follows:


Sec.  3102.53  Excepted acreage.

    (a) The following acreage will not be included in computing acreage 
limitations:
    (1) Acreage under any lease any portion of which is committed to 
any federally approved oil and gas agreement;
    (2) Acreage under any lease for which royalty (including 
compensatory royalty

[[Page 38116]]

or royalty in-kind) was paid in the preceding calendar year; and
    (3) Acreage under leases subject to an operating, drilling or 
development contract approved by the Secretary, as provided in 43 CFR 
subpart 3105.
    (b) Acreage subject to offers to lease, overriding royalties and 
payments out of production will not be included in computing acreage 
limitations.
0
22. Add Sec.  3102.54 to read as follows:


Sec.  3102.54  Excess acreage.

    (a) Where, as the result of the termination or contraction of an 
oil and gas agreement or the elimination of a lease from an operating, 
drilling, or development contract, a party holds or controls excess 
accountable acreage, that party will have 90 calendar days from the 
date of termination, contraction or elimination, to reduce the holdings 
to the prescribed limitation and to file proof of the reduction in the 
proper BLM office. Where, as a result of a merger or the purchase of 
the controlling interest in a corporation, a party acquired acreage in 
excess of the amount permitted, the party holding the excess acreage 
will have 180 calendar days from the date of the merger or purchase to 
divest the excess acreage. If additional time is required to complete 
the divestiture of the excess acreage, a petition requesting additional 
time, along with a full justification for the additional time, may be 
filed with the authorized officer prior to the termination of the 180 
days provided herein.
    (b) If any person is found to hold accountable acreage in violation 
of the provisions of these regulations, lease(s) or interests therein 
will be subject to cancellation or forfeiture in their entirety, until 
sufficient acreage has been eliminated to comply with the acreage 
limitation. Excess acreage or interest will be cancelled in the inverse 
order of acquisition.
0
23. Add Sec.  3102.55 to read as follows:


Sec.  3102.55  Computation.

    The accountable acreage of a party owning an undivided interest in 
a lease will be the party's proportionate part of the total lease 
acreage.
0
24. Add Sec.  3102.61 to read as follows:


Sec.  3102.61  Compliance.

    Only responsible and qualified bidders and lessees may own, hold, 
or control an interest in a lease or prospective lease. Responsible and 
qualified bidders and lessees, including corporations, and all members 
of associations, including partnerships of all types, must, without 
exception, be qualified and in compliance with the Act. Compliance 
means that the persons are:
    (a) Citizens of the United States (see Sec.  3102.10) or non-U.S. 
citizens who own stock in a corporation organized under State or 
Federal law (see Sec.  3102.20);
    (b) In compliance with the Federal acreage limitations (see 
Sec. Sec.  3102.51, 3102.52, 3102.53, and 3102.54);
    (c) Not minors (see Sec.  3102.30);
    (d) Except for an assignment or transfer under 43 CFR subpart 3106, 
in compliance with section 2(a)(2)(A) of the Act (30 U.S.C. 201(2)(A)), 
in which case the signature on a bid or lease constitutes evidence of 
compliance. A lease issued to any person in violation of this paragraph 
(d) will be subject to the cancellation provisions of 43 CFR 3108.30.
    (e) Not in violation of the provisions of section 41 of the Act (30 
U.S.C. 195); and
    (f) In compliance with section 17(g) of the Act (30 U.S.C. 226(g)), 
in which case the signature on an offer, lease, assignment, or transfer 
constitutes evidence of compliance that the signatory and any 
subsidiary, affiliate, or person, association, or corporation 
controlled by or under common control with the signatory, as defined in 
43 CFR 3400.0-5(rr), has not failed or refused to comply with 
reclamation requirements with respect to all leases and operations 
thereon in which such person has an interest. A person is noncompliant 
with section 17(g) of the Act when they fail to comply with their 
reclamation obligations or other standards established under 30 U.S.C. 
226 in the time specified in a notice from the BLM. A lease issued, or 
an assignment or transfer approved, to any such person in violation of 
this paragraph (f) may be subject to the cancellation provisions of 43 
CFR 3108.30, notwithstanding any administrative or judicial appeals 
that may be pending with respect to violations or penalties assessed 
for failure to comply with the prescribed reclamation standards on any 
lease holdings. Noncompliance will end upon a determination by the 
authorized officer that all required reclamation has been completed and 
that the United States has been fully reimbursed for any costs incurred 
due to the required reclamation.
    (g) In compliance with 43 CFR 3106.10(d) and section 30A of the Act 
(30 U.S.C. 187(a)). The authorized officer may accept the signature on 
a request for approval of an assignment of less than 640 acres outside 
of Alaska (2,560 acres within Alaska) as acceptable certification that 
the assignment would further the development of oil and gas, or the 
authorized officer may apply the provisions of 43 CFR 3102.63.
    (h) Not excluded or disqualified from participating in a 
transaction covered by Federal non-procurement debarment and suspension 
(2 CFR parts 180 and 1400), unless the Department explicitly approves 
an exception for a transaction pursuant to the regulations in those 
parts.
0
25. Add Sec.  3102.62 to read as follows:


Sec.  3102.62  Certification of compliance.

    Any party(s) seeking to obtain an interest in a lease must certify 
that it is in compliance with the Act as set forth in 43 CFR 3102.61. A 
corporation or publicly traded association, including a publicly traded 
partnership, must certify that constituent members of the corporation, 
association or partnership holding or controlling more than 10 percent 
of the instruments of ownership of the corporation, association or 
partnership are in compliance with the Act. Execution and submission of 
a competitive bid form or request for approval of a transfer of record 
title or of operating rights (sublease), constitutes certification of 
compliance.
0
26. Add Sec.  3102.63 to read as follows:


Sec.  3102.63  Evidence of compliance.

    The authorized officer may request at any time further evidence of 
compliance and qualification from any party holding or seeking to hold 
an interest in a lease. Failure to comply with the request of the 
authorized officer will result in adjudication of the action based on 
the incomplete submission.

Subpart 3103--Fees, Rentals and Royalty

0
27. Amend Sec.  3103.1 by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:


Sec.  3103.1  Fiscal terms.

    (a) The table in this section shows the fiscal terms, that the BLM 
will adjust every 4 years by a final rule. The BLM will adjust the 
amounts according to the change in the Implicit Price Deflator for 
Gross Domestic Product since the previous adjustment. The fiscal terms 
displayed below are effective on June 22, 2024. The BLM will not adjust 
the rental nor the minimum bonus bids until after August 16, 2032.

[[Page 38117]]



              Table 1 to Paragraph (a)--Fiscal Terms Table
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Oil and gas (parts 3100, 3110,
         3120, 3130, 3140)                       Fiscal term
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oil and gas, tar sand, and          Rental of $3 per acre, or fraction
 combined hydrocarbon leases.        thereof, per year during the first
                                     2-year period beginning upon lease
                                     issuance, $5 per acre per year, or
                                     fraction thereof, for the following
                                     6 years, and then $15 per acre, or
                                     fraction thereof, per year
                                     thereafter.
Lease reinstatement, Class II.....  Rental of $20 per acre, or fraction
                                     thereof.
Combined hydrocarbon leases.......  Minimum bonus bids of $25 per acre,
                                     or fraction thereof.
Oil and gas and tar sand leases...  Minimum bonus bids of $10 per acre,
                                     or fraction thereof.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
0
28. Revise Sec.  3103.11 to read as follows:


Sec.  3103.11  Form of remittance.

    Payments made to the BLM may be made by electronic funds transfer, 
credit card, or other digital payment options when specifically 
authorized by the BLM. In the case of payments made to the ONRR, such 
payments may also be made by electronic funds transfer.

Subpart 3104--Bonds

0
29. Revise the heading of subpart 3104 to read as follows:

Subpart 3104--Performance Bonds.

0
30. Revise Sec.  3104.1 to read as follows:


Sec.  3104.1  Bond amounts.

    (a) The table in this section shows the minimum bond amounts, that 
the BLM will adjust every 10 years by a final rule. The BLM will adjust 
the amounts according to the change in the Implicit Price Deflator for 
Gross Domestic Product since the previous adjustment. The minimum bond 
amounts displayed below are effective on [INSERT EFFECTIVE DATE OF 
FINAL RULE].

           Table 1 to Paragraph (a)--Minimum Bond Amount Table
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                Minimum
       Oil and gas (parts 3100, 3110, 3120, 3130, 3140)           bond
                                                                 amount
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lease Bond...................................................    $10,000
Statewide Bond...............................................     25,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) The minimum bond amounts are not subject to appeal to the 
Interior Board of Land Appeals pursuant to 43 CFR part 4, subpart E.
    (c) Failure to increase or replace an existing bond that does not 
meet the minimum bond amount or any higher amount set by BLM based on 
its policies or 43 CFR 3104.50 may:
    (1) Subject all wells covered by the bond(s) to shut down under the 
provisions of 43 CFR 3163.1(a)(3);
    (2) Subject all leases covered by the bond(s) to cancellation under 
the provisions of 43 CFR 3108.30; and
    (3) Result in the BLM referring the bond obligor or principal to 
the Department's Suspension and Debarment Program under 2 CFR part 1400 
to determine if the person will be suspended or debarred from doing 
business with the Federal Government.
0
31. Amend Sec.  3104.10 by revising paragraph (c) to read as follows:


Sec.  3104.10  Bond obligations.

* * * * *
    (c) Personal bonds must be accompanied by a:
    (1) Certificate of deposit issued by a financial institution, the 
deposits of which are federally insured, explicitly granting the 
Secretary full authority to demand immediate payment in case of default 
in the performance of the terms and conditions of the lease. The 
certificate will explicitly indicate on its face, or through 
assignment, that Secretarial approval is required prior to redemption 
of the certificate of deposit by any party;
    (2) An electronic funds transfer to the BLM;
    (3) Negotiable Treasury securities of the United States of a value 
equal to the amount specified in the bond. Negotiable Treasury 
securities must be accompanied by a proper conveyance to the Secretary 
of full authority to sell such securities in case of default in the 
performance of the terms and conditions of a lease; or
    (4) Irrevocable letter of credit issued by a financial institution, 
for a specific term, identifying the secretary as sole payee with full 
authority to demand immediate payment in the case of default in the 
performance of the terms and conditions of a lease. Letters of credit 
must be subject to the following conditions:
* * * * *


Sec.  3104.90  [Removed]

0
32. Remove Sec.  3104.90.

Subpart 3105--Cooperative Conservation Provisions

0
33. Add Sec.  3105.1 to read as follows:


Sec.  3105.1  Reporting and payment for production.

    (a) The lessee or its designee who is a party to a unit or 
communitization agreement must report and pay royalties on oil and gas 
production for each production month in accordance with the terms of 
the proposed allocation of production for the unit or communitization 
agreement until the BLM issues a decision on the proposed agreement.
    (b) To assist with accurate and complete reporting, applicants for 
a Federal participating area, secondary recovery unit, or 
communitization agreement must:
    (1) Provide a list of wells with existing production that would 
contribute production to the area to be included in the proposed 
agreement; and
    (2) As required under 43 CFR 3160.0-9(c)(1), submit a completion 
report for all wells that would contribute production to the area 
included in the proposed participating area, secondary recovery unit, 
or communitization agreement.
    (c) This section does not apply to oil and gas agreements 
containing Indian lands.
0
34. Add an undesignated center heading following Sec.  3105.44 to read 
as follows:

Lease Consolidation

Subpart 3106--Transfers by Assignment, Sublease, or Otherwise

0
35. Amend Sec.  3106.10 by revising paragraph (e) to read as follows:


Sec.  3106.10  Transfers, general.

* * * * *
    (e) An assignment of less than 640 acres outside Alaska or of less 
than 2,560 acres within Alaska will be denied unless the assignment 
constitutes the entire lease or is demonstrated to further the

[[Page 38118]]

development of oil and gas to the satisfaction of the authorized 
officer. Reference 43 CFR 3102.61(g) for certification of compliance.
* * * * *
0
36. Revise Sec.  3106.20 to read as follows:


Sec.  3106.20  Qualifications of assignees and transferees.

    Assignees and transferees must comply with the provisions of 43 CFR 
subpart 3102.34.
0
37. Remove the undesignated center heading following Sec.  3106.30.

Subpart 3107--Continuation and Extension

0
38. Amend Sec.  3107.10 by revising paragraphs (a) and (b) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  3107.10  Extension by drilling.

    (a) Any lease on which actual drilling operations were commenced 
prior to the end of its primary term and which are being diligently 
prosecuted at the end of the primary term or any lease which is part of 
an approved oil and gas agreement upon which such drilling takes place, 
will be extended for 2 years subject to the rental being timely paid as 
required by 43 CFR 3103.22, and subject to the provisions of 43 CFR 
3105.23 and 43 CFR part 3180, if applicable. The BLM will not grant a 
drilling extension for a lease in its extended term.
    (b) Actual drilling operations must be conducted in a manner that a 
prudent operator would be expected to make in that particular area, 
given the existing knowledge of geologic and other pertinent facts. In 
drilling a new well on a lease or for the benefit of a lease under the 
terms of an approved agreement, it must be taken to a depth sufficient 
to penetrate at least one formation recognized in the area as 
potentially productive of oil or gas, or where an existing well is 
reentered, it must be taken to a depth sufficient to penetrate at least 
one new and deeper formation recognized in the area as potentially 
productive of oil or gas. The authorized officer may determine that 
further drilling is unwarranted or impracticable.
* * * * *
0
39. Revise Sec.  3107.32 to read as follows:


Sec.  3107.32  Segregation of leases committed in part.

    (a) Any lease committed after July 29, 1954, to any unit agreement, 
which covers lands within and lands outside the area covered by the 
agreement, will be segregated, as of the effective date of commitment 
to the unit, into separate leases; one covering the lands committed to 
the agreement, the other lands not committed to the agreement. For 
unproven areas, such segregation will occur only when the public 
interest requirement is satisfied pursuant to 43 CFR 3183.4(b). Upon 
satisfaction of the public interest requirement, the BLM will deem the 
segregation to have been effective as of the date of commitment of the 
lands to the unit.
    (b)(1) The segregated lease covering the non-unitized portion of 
the lands will continue in force and effect for the term of the lease 
or for 2 years from the date of segregation, whichever is longer.
    (2) If a lease committed in part is in an extended term because of 
production, the segregated, non-producing lease will continue in effect 
so long as the producing lease exists and rentals are paid, and so long 
thereafter as oil or gas is produced from the committed lease.


Sec.  3107.52  [Removed]

0
40. Remove Sec.  3107.52.
0
41. Add an undesignated center heading after Sec.  3107.53 to read as 
follows:

Other Extension Types

0
42. Amend Sec.  3107.60 by revising the introductory paragraph to read 
as follows:


Sec.  3107.60  Extension of reinstated leases.

    Where a reinstatement of a terminated lease is granted under 43 CFR 
3108.22 or 43 CFR 3108.23 and the authorized officer finds that the 
reinstatement will not afford the lessee a reasonable opportunity to 
continue operations under the lease, the authorized officer may extend 
the term of such lease for a period sufficient to give the lessee such 
an opportunity. Any extension will be subject to the following 
conditions:
* * * * *
0
43. Remove the undesignated center heading following Sec.  3107.60.

Subpart 3108--Relinquishment, Termination, Cancellation

0
44. Remove the undesignated center heading following Sec.  3108.10.
0
45. Amend Sec.  3108.23 by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:


Sec.  3108.23  Reinstatement at higher rental and royalty rates: Class 
II reinstatements.

    (a) The authorized officer may, if the requirements of this section 
are met, reinstate a lease that was terminated by operation of law for 
failure to pay rental timely when the rental was not paid or tendered 
within 20 calendar days of the termination date, and it is shown to the 
satisfaction of the authorized officer that such failure was justified 
or not due to a lack of reasonable diligence, or no matter when the 
rental was paid, it is shown to the satisfaction of the authorized 
officer that such failure was inadvertent.
* * * * *

Subpart 3109--Leasing Under Special Acts

0
46. Add an undesignated center heading following Sec.  3109.15 to read 
as follows:

Leasing Under Other Special Acts

0
47. Amend Sec.  3109.20 by revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:


Sec.  3109.20  Units of the National Park System.

* * * * *
    (b) Any lease or permit respecting minerals in units of the 
National Park System may be issued only with the consent of the 
Regional Director, National Park Service. Such consent will only be 
granted upon a determination by the Regional Director that the activity 
permitted under the lease or permit will not have significant adverse 
effect upon the resources or administration of the unit pursuant to the 
authorizing legislation of the unit. Any lease or permit issued will be 
subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by the Regional 
Director to protect the surface and significant resources of the unit, 
to preserve their use for public recreation, and to the condition that 
site specific approval of any activity on the lease will only be given 
upon concurrence by the Regional Director. All lease applications 
received for reclamation withdrawn lands will also be submitted to the 
Bureau of Reclamation for review.
* * * * *
0
48. Add part 3110 to read as follows:

PART 3110--NONCOMPETITIVE LEASES

Sec.
3110.1 Lands accessible for noncompetitive leasing.
3110.2 Application requirements.
3110.3 Priority.
3110.4 Action on application.
3110.5 Noncompetitive lease terms.
3110.6 Reversionary noncompetitive leases.

    Authority: 16 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.; 30 U.S.C. 181 et seq. and 
351-359; 31 U.S.C. 9701; 43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.; and Public Law 97-
35 Stat. 357; and the Attorney General's Opinion of April 2, 1941 
(40 Op. Atty. Gen. 41).


Sec.  3110.1  Lands accessible for noncompetitive leasing.

    Only lands that have been offered competitively under part 3120 of 
this

[[Page 38119]]

title, and for which no bid has been received, will be accessible for 
noncompetitive leasing. Such lands will become accessible for 
noncompetitive leasing for a period of 2 years beginning on the first 
business day following the last day of the competitive auction, or the 
replacement auction that includes the parcel, whichever is later. A 
lease may be issued based on an application properly filed any time 
within the 2-year noncompetitive leasing period.


Sec.  3110.2  Application requirements.

    (a) A noncompetitive lease application must be made on a current 
form approved by the Director. Copies must be exact reproductions of 
the official approved form, without additions, omissions, or other 
changes, or advertising. The noncompetitive lease application must:
    (1) Include the lease application filing fee found in the fee 
schedule in Sec.  3000.120 of this chapter.
    (2) Include the first-year rental found in the fiscal terms in 
Sec.  3103.1 of this chapter.
    (3) Demonstrate the applicant's compliance with lessee 
qualifications under subpart 3102.
    (4) Provide the parcel number from the Notice of Competitive Lease 
Sale in which the parcel was offered and did not sell. Each application 
must contain only a single parcel.
    (5) The legal land description of the lease parcel of interest in 
the noncompetitive lease application, which must exactly match the 
parcel land description of a parcel that was offered in the competitive 
auction.
    (b) A noncompetitive lease application under this part may be 
withdrawn by the applicant, unless the BLM has signed the lease form.


Sec.  3110.3  Priority.

    (a) Applications filed for lands accessible for noncompetitive 
leasing, as specified in Sec.  3110.1, will receive priority as of the 
date and time of filing as specified in 43 CFR 1821.11, except that all 
noncompetitive offers will be considered simultaneously filed if 
received in the proper BLM office at any time during the first business 
day following the last day of the competitive auction, or the 
replacement sale that includes the parcel, whichever is later.
    (b) If the BLM receives simultaneously filed applications, the BLM 
will select a single application, as specified in 43 CFR 1822.18. If 
the selected application does not result in issuance of a lease, the 
BLM will offer the lease to the next qualified applicant.
    (c) Where a correction to an application is needed or is made, 
whether at the option of the applicant or at the request of the 
authorized officer, its priority will be determined as of the date the 
application has been corrected and is complete. If the BLM receives a 
complete application from another party before the date on which the 
initial applicant files the corrected application, then the intervening 
complete application will supersede the corrected application.


Sec.  3110.4  Action on application.

    (a) No lease will be issued before the BLM takes final action on 
any prior application to lease the lands or any extension of, or 
petition for reinstatement of, an existing or former lease on the 
lands. If a noncompetitive lease is issued under this section before 
final action on a prior application, extension, or reinstatement, the 
BLM will cancel the noncompetitive lease to be issued under this 
paragraph.
    (b) The United States will indicate its acceptance of the 
noncompetitive lease application, in whole or in part, and the issuance 
of the lease, by signature of the authorized officer on the current 
lease form. A signed copy of the lease will be delivered to the 
applicant.
    (c) Filing a noncompetitive lease application on a lease form not 
currently in use, unless the application was filed before the Director 
declaring such lease form obsolete, may be allowed, on the condition 
that the applicant is bound by the terms and conditions of the lease 
form currently in use.
    (d) A noncompetitive lease application that is not properly filed 
in accordance with the regulations in this chapter will be rejected, 
including a noncompetitive lease application for lands that have not 
been offered on a competitive lease sale.
    (e) A noncompetitive lease application made for lands that have 
been leased competitively will be rejected.


Sec.  3110.5  Noncompetitive lease terms.

    (a) All noncompetitive leases must be for a primary term of 10 
years.
    (b) All noncompetitive leases will be considered issued when signed 
by the authorized officer.
    (c) Noncompetitive leases will be effective as of the first day of 
the month following the date the leases are issued. A lease may be made 
effective on the first day of the month within which it is issued if a 
written request for the earlier effective date is made before the 
authorized officer signs the lease. Noncompetitive future interest 
leases, as described under Sec.  3120.72, will be effective as of the 
date the mineral interests vest in the United States.


Sec.  3110.6  Reversionary noncompetitive leases.

    (a) This section applies only to those lands that are under the 
administration of the Secretary of Agriculture where the United States 
acquired an interest in such lands pursuant to the Act of March 1, 1911 
(36 Stat. 961 et. seq.).
    (b) If the United States held a vested future interest in a mineral 
estate that, immediately prior to becoming a vested present interest, 
was subject to a private lease under which oil or gas was being 
produced, or had a well capable of producing, the holder of the private 
lease may elect to continue the lease as a noncompetitive lease.
    (c) An election must be made before the interest becomes a vested 
present interest. If an election is made after the time allowed, or if 
no election is made, the BLM will reject the application and offer the 
lands on the next competitive lease sale.
    (d) The lessees must comply with lessee qualifications under 
subpart 3102.
    (e) The lessee must provide an acceptable bond before lease 
issuance.

PART 3120--COMPETITIVE LEASES

0
49. Revise the authority citation for part 3120 to read as follows:

    Authority: 16 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.; 30 U.S.C. 181 et seq. and 
351-359; 40 U.S.C. 471 et seq.; Pub. L. 113-291, 128 Stat. 3762; and 
the Attorney General's Opinion of April 2, 1941 (40 Op. Atty. Gen. 
41).

0
50. Revise Sec.  3120.11 to read as follows:


Sec.  3120.11  Lands offered for competitive leasing.

    The BLM will consider the types of lands described below for 
competitive leasing under the MLA, including but not limited to:
    (a) Lands that were covered by previously issued oil and gas leases 
that have terminated, expired, been cancelled or relinquished;
    (b) Lands for which the authority to lease has been delegated from 
the General Services Administration to the BLM;
    (c) Lands from a cancelled lease or interest in a lease that was 
acquired in violation of any of the provisions of the Act. When an 
underlying lease or interest in a lease is cancelled or forfeited 
through a bankruptcy or otherwise to the United States and there are 
valid interests therein that are not subject to cancellation, 
forfeiture, or compulsory disposition, such underlying lease or 
interest may be sold

[[Page 38120]]

to the highest responsible and qualified bidder by competitive bidding 
under this subpart, subject to all outstanding valid interests therein. 
If less than the whole interest in the lease, or interest is cancelled 
or forfeited, such partial interest may likewise be sold by competitive 
bidding. If no satisfactory bid is obtained as a result of the 
competitive offering of such whole or partial interests, such interests 
may be sold in accordance with 30 U.S.C. 184(h)(2) by such other 
methods as the authorized officer deems appropriate, but on terms no 
less favorable to the United States than those of the best competitive 
bid received. Interest in outstanding leases(s) so sold will be subject 
to the terms and conditions of the existing lease(s);
    (d) Lands which are otherwise unavailable for leasing but which are 
subject to drainage (protective leasing);
    (e) Lands included in any expression of interest submitted to the 
authorized officer; and
    (f) Lands selected by the authorized officer.


Sec.  3120.13  [Removed]

0
51. Remove Sec.  3120.13.
0
52. Revise Sec.  3120.22 to read as follows:


Sec.  3120.22  Effective date of leases.

    All competitive leases will be considered issued when the 
authorized officer signs them. Competitive leases, except future 
interest leases issued under Sec.  3120.72, will be effective as of the 
first day of the month following the date the authorized officer signs 
the leases on behalf of the United States. A lease may be made 
effective on the first day of the month within which it is issued if 
the winning bidder makes a written request before the date the 
authorized officer signs the lease. Leases for future interest will be 
effective as of the date the mineral interests vest in the United 
States.
0
53. Revise 3120.31 to read as follows:


Sec.  3120.31  Expression of interest process.

    (a) A party submitting an expression of interest in leasing land 
available for disposition under section 17 of the Mineral Leasing Act 
must include the submitter's name and address and must submit the 
expression of interest through the BLM's online leasing system.
    (b) The expression must provide a description of the lands 
identified by legal land description, as follows:
    (1) For lands surveyed under the public land survey system, 
describe the lands to the nearest aliquot part within the legal 
subdivision, section, township, range, and meridian;
    (2) For unsurveyed lands, describe the lands by metes and bounds, 
giving courses and distances, and tie this information to an official 
corner of the public land surveys, or to a prominent topographic 
feature;
    (3) For approved protracted surveys, include an entire section, 
township, range, and meridian. Do not divide protracted sections into 
aliquot parts;
    (4) For lands that have water boundaries, describe the lands based 
on the initial survey or deed acquiring ownership;
    (5) For lands where the acquiring agency has assigned an 
acquisition or tract number covering the lands applied, submit the 
number in addition to any description otherwise required by this 
section. If the authorized officer determines that the acquisition or 
tract number, together with identification of the State and county, 
constitutes an adequate description, the authorized officer may allow 
the description in this manner in lieu of other descriptions required 
by this section.
    (c) A submitter may submit more than one expression of interest, so 
long as each expression separately satisfies the requirements of this 
section.
    (d) The BLM may offer for lease all or some of the lands specified 
in an expression of interest and may offer those lands as part of a 
parcel that includes lands not specified in the expression of interest.


Sec. Sec.  3120.32 and 3120.33  [Removed]

0
54. Remove Sec. Sec.  3120.32 and 3120.33.
0
55. Revise Sec.  3120.42 to read as follows:


Sec.  3120.42  Posting timeframes.

    (a) At least 45 calendar days prior to conducting a competitive 
auction, the BLM will make available to the public a list of lands to 
be offered for competitive lease sale in a Notice of Competitive Lease 
Sale.
    (b) After posting the Notice of Competitive Lease Sale, the BLM 
will provide a protest period, of not less than 10 calendar days, for 
public input on the upcoming lease sale.
    (c) The BLM will make available the final National Environmental 
Policy Act documents prior to issuing a lease from the lease sale.
    (d) The BLM will post a public notice if it decides for any reason 
not to hold a scheduled quarterly lease sale.
0
56. Add Sec.  3120.43 to read as follows:


Sec.  3120.43  Protests.

    (a) The BLM will not suspend actions pursuant to the regulations in 
this subpart or under 43 CFR 4.21(a) due to a protest filed against the 
authorized officer's notice to hold a lease sale.
    (b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a) of this section, the authorized 
officer may suspend the offering of a specific parcel while considering 
a protest against its inclusion in a Notice of Competitive Lease Sale.
    (c) Only the Assistant Secretary for Land and Minerals Management 
may suspend a lease sale for good cause after reviewing the reason(s) 
for a protest.
    (d) The processing fee for filing protests over 50 pages, inclusive 
of exhibits, is listed in the fee schedule in Sec.  3000.120 of this 
chapter.
0
57. Amend Sec.  3120.53 by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:


Sec.  3120.53  Award of lease.

    (a) A bid cannot be withdrawn and will constitute a legally binding 
commitment to execute the lease bid form and accept a lease, including 
the obligation to pay the bonus bid, first year's rental, and 
processing fee. Execution by the high bidder of a competitive lease bid 
form approved by the Director constitutes certification of compliance 
with 43 CFR subpart 3102, will constitute a binding lease offer, 
including all terms and conditions applicable thereto, and must be 
submitted when payment is made in accordance with Sec.  3120.52(b). 
Failure to comply with Sec.  3120.52(c) will result in rejection of the 
bid and forfeiture of the monies submitted under Sec.  3120.52(b).
* * * * *
0
58. Revise Sec.  3120.60 to read as follows:


Sec.  3120.60  Parcels not bid on at auction.

    The BLM will hold a replacement sale within 30 calendar days after 
a competitive auction when 25 percent or greater of the acreage offered 
does not receive bids. Lands offered at the competitive auction that 
received no bids will become accessible for noncompetitive leasing for 
a period of 2 years beginning on the first business day following the 
last day of the competitive auction, or the replacement auction that 
includes the parcel, whichever is later, as provided by 43 CFR part 
3110.
0
59. Amend Sec.  3120.72 by revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:


Sec.  3120.72  Future interest terms and conditions.

* * * * *
    (b) Upon vesting of the oil and gas rights in the United States, 
the future interest lease rental and royalty will be as for any 
competitive lease issued under this subpart, as provided in 43 CFR 
subpart 3103, and the acreage will be chargeable in accordance with 43 
CFR subpart 3102.
0
60. Revise Sec.  3120.73 to read as follows:

[[Page 38121]]

Sec.  3120.73  Compensatory royalty agreements.

    The terms and conditions of compensatory royalty agreements 
involving acquired lands in which the United States owns a future or 
fractional interest will be established on an individual case basis. 
Such agreements may be required when leasing is not possible in 
situations where the interest of the United States in the oil and gas 
deposit includes both a present and a future fractional interest in the 
same tract containing a producing well. The BLM may use such agreements 
until the BLM issues a competitive lease for unleased lands included in 
a compensatory royalty agreement.

PART 3130--OIL AND GAS LEASING: NATIONAL PETROLEUM RESERVE, ALASKA

0
61. Revise the authority citation for part 3130 to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6508.

0
62. Amend Sec.  3134.1 by revising paragraphs (a), (b), and (e) to read 
as follows:


Sec.  3134.1  Bonding.

    (a) Prior to issuance of an oil and gas lease, the successful 
bidder must furnish the authorized officer a surety or personal bond in 
accordance with the provisions of Sec.  3104.10 of this title in the 
sum of $100,000, conditioned on compliance with all the lease terms and 
conditions, including rentals and royalties, and any stipulations. The 
bond will not be required if the bidder already maintains or furnishes 
a bond in the sum of $300,000, conditioned on compliance with the 
terms, conditions, and stipulations of all oil and gas leases held by 
the bidder within NPR-A.
    (b) A bond in the sum of $100,000 or $300,000, may be provided by 
an operating rights owner (sublessee) or operator in lieu of a bond 
furnished by the lessee, and must assume the responsibilities and 
obligations of the lessee for the entire leasehold in the same manner 
and to the extent as though they were the lessee.
* * * * *
    (e) Except as provided in this subpart, the bonds required for NPR-
A leases are in addition to any other bonds the successful bidder may 
have filed or be required to file under Sec. Sec.  3104.20, 3104.30(a) 
and 3154.1 and subparts 3206 and 3209 of this title.

PART 3140--LEASING IN SPACIAL TAR SANDS AREAS

0
63. Revise the authority citation for part 3140 to read as follows:

    Authority: 30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.; 30 U.S.C. 351-359; Pub. L. 97-
78, 95 Stat. 1070; 42 U.S.C. 15801, unless otherwise noted.

0
64. Amend Sec.  3140.14 by revising paragraphs (a) and (c)(2) to read 
as follows:


Sec.  3140.14  Other provisions.

    (a) A combined hydrocarbon lease will be for no more than 5,760 
acres. Acreage held under a combined hydrocarbon lease in a Special Tar 
Sand Area is not chargeable to State oil and gas limitations allowable 
in 43 CFR 3102.51 or 3102.52.
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (2) The royalty rate for a combined hydrocarbon lease converted 
from a valid claim based on a mineral location will be 12.5 percent.
* * * * *
0
65. Revise Sec.  3140.70 to read as follows:


Sec.  3140.70  Lands within the National Park System.

    The BLM stopped accepting conversion applications on November 15, 
1983. Conversions of existing oil and gas leases and valid claims based 
on mineral locations to combined hydrocarbon leases within units of the 
National Park System will be allowed only where mineral leasing is 
permitted by law and where the lands covered by the lease or claim 
proposed for conversion are open to mineral resource disposition in 
accordance with any applicable minerals management plan. (See 43 CFR 
3100.3(g)(4)). In order to consent to any conversion or any subsequent 
development under a combined hydrocarbon lease requiring further 
approval, the Regional Director of the National Park Service must find 
that there will be no resulting significant adverse impacts on the 
resources and administration of such areas or on other contiguous units 
of the National Park System in accordance with 43 CFR 3109.20(b).

Subpart 3141--Leasing in Special Tar Sands Areas

0
66. Amend Sec.  3141.10 by revising paragraph (h) to read as follows:


Sec.  3141.10  General.

* * * * *
    (h) The acreage of combined hydrocarbon leases or tar sand leases 
held within a Special Tar Sand Area will not be charged against acreage 
limitations for the holding of oil and gas leases as provided in 43 CFR 
3102.51.
* * * * *
0
67. Amend Sec.  3141.53 by revising paragraphs (a) and (e) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  3141.53  Royalties and rentals.

    (a) The royalty rate on all combined hydrocarbon leases or tar sand 
leases is 12.5 percent of the value of production removed or sold from 
a lease. The ONRR will be responsible for collecting and administering 
royalties.
* * * * *
    (e) Except as explained in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this 
section, all other provisions of 43 CFR subpart 3103 apply to combined 
hydrocarbon leasing.
0
68. Revise Sec.  3141.63 to read as follows:


Sec.  3141.63  Conduct of sales.

    (a) Oil and gas leases. Lease sales for oil and gas leases will be 
conducted using the procedures for oil and gas leases in 43 CFR 
3120.51.
    (b) Combined hydrocarbon leases and tar sand leases. (1) Parcels 
will be offered by competitive auction.
    (2) The winning bid will be the highest bid by a responsible and 
qualified bidder, equal to the minimum bonus bid amount as specified in 
Sec.  3103.1 of this chapter or for hydrocarbon leases, the minimum 
bonus bid amount determined under Sec.  3141.51, whichever is larger.
    (3) Payments must be made as provided in 43 CFR 3120.52.

PART 3150--ONSHORE OIL AND GAS GEOPHYSICAL OPERATIONS

0
69. Revise the authority citation for part 3150 to read as follows:

    Authority:  16 U.S.C. 3150(b) and 668dd; 30 U.S.C. 189 and 359; 
42 U.S.C. 6508.

0
70. Revise Sec.  3152.3 to read as follows:


Sec.  3152.3  Renewal of exploration permit.

    Upon request by the permittee, an exploration permit may be renewed 
for a period not to exceed 1 year.

PART 3160--ONSHORE OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS

0
71. Revise the authority citation for part 3160 to read as follows:

    Authority: 25 U.S.C. 396d and 2107; 30 U.S.C. 189, 306, 359, and 
1751; and Sec. 107, Pub. L. 114-74, 129 Stat. 599, unless otherwise 
noted.

0
72. Revise Sec.  3165.1 to read as follows:


Sec.  3165.1  Relief from operating and/or producing requirements.

    (a) Applications for relief from either the operating or the 
producing requirements of a lease, or both, must be filed with the 
authorized officer, and must include a full statement of the 
circumstances that render such relief necessary.
    (b) The authorized officer will act on applications submitted for a 
suspension

[[Page 38122]]

of operations or production, or both, filed pursuant to 43 CFR 3103.42. 
The application for suspension must be filed with the authorized 
officer prior to the expiration date of the lease; must be executed by 
all operating rights owners or by the operator on behalf of the 
operating rights owners; and must include a full statement of the 
circumstances that makes such relief necessary.
    (c) If approved, a suspension will be effective on the first of the 
month in which the completed application was filed or the date 
specified by the authorized officer in the approval.
    (d) Suspensions will lift when the basis provided for the 
suspension no longer exists, when lifting the suspension is in the 
public interest, or as otherwise stated by the authorized officer in 
the approval letter.
    (e) The BLM may grant a suspension of operations and production or 
a suspension of operations at any time in a lease's term but may only 
grant a suspension of production after a lease begins production.

PART 3180--ONSHORE OIL AND GAS UNIT AGREEMENTS: UNPROVEN AREAS

0
73. The authority citation for part 3180 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  30 U.S.C. 189.

0
74. Revise Sec.  3181.1 to read as follows:


Sec.  3181.1  Preliminary consideration of unit agreement.

    The model unit agreement, available from the BLM's form web page, 
is acceptable for use in unproven areas. Unique situations requiring 
special provisions should be clearly identified, since these and other 
special conditions may necessitate a modification of the model unit 
agreement. Any proposed special provisions or other modifications of 
the model agreement should be submitted for preliminary consideration 
so that any necessary revision may be prescribed prior to execution by 
the interested parties. Where Federal lands constitute less than 10 
percent of the total unit area, a non-Federal unit agreement may be 
used. Upon submission of such an agreement, the authorized officer will 
take appropriate action to commit the Federal lands.
0
75. Revise Sec.  3183.4 to read as follows:


Sec.  3183.4  Approval of executed agreement.

    (a) A unit agreement may be approved by the authorized officer upon 
a determination that such agreement is necessary or advisable in the 
public interest and is for the purpose of more properly conserving 
natural resources. Such approval will be incorporated in a 
Certification-Determination document appended to the agreement, and the 
unit agreement will not be deemed effective until the authorized 
officer has executed the Certification-Determination document. No such 
agreement will be approved unless the parties signing the agreement 
hold sufficient interests in the unit area to provide reasonably 
effective control of operations.
    (b) The public interest requirement of an approved unit agreement 
for unproven areas will be satisfied only if the unit operator 
commences actual drilling operations and thereafter diligently 
prosecutes such operations in accordance with the terms of said 
agreement. If an application is received for voluntary termination of a 
unit agreement for an unproven area during its fixed term or such an 
agreement automatically expires at the end of its fixed term without 
the public interest requirement having been satisfied, the approval of 
that agreement by the authorized officer and lease segregations and 
extensions under 43 CFR subpart 3107 will be invalid, and no Federal 
lease will be eligible for extensions under 43 CFR subpart 3107.
    (c) Any modification of an approved agreement will require the 
prior approval of the authorized officer.

Subpart 3186--Model Forms [Removed]

0
76. Remove subpart 3186--Model Forms.

Lanny E. Erdos,
Director, Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation, and Enforcement 
Exercising Authority of the Assistant Secretary--Land and Minerals 
Management.
[FR Doc. 2026-12734 Filed 6-23-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4331-29-P