[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 118 (Monday, June 22, 2026)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 37022-37043]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2026-12426]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 370

[EPA-HQ-OLEM-2025-0299; FRL-12698-06-OLEM]
RIN 2050-AH40


EPCRA Hazardous Chemical Inventory Reporting Requirements: 
Conformity With the 2024 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency is conforming the 
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act hazardous chemical 
inventory reporting regulations to the Occupational Safety and Health 
Administration's Hazard Communication Standard amendments of 2012 and 
2024. The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) 
and its regulations rely on the Occupational Safety and Health 
Administration's (OSHA's) Hazard Communication Standard for the 
definition of a hazardous chemical and for the categories of health and 
physical hazards that must be reported under the hazardous chemical 
inventory regulations. This action conforms the terminology used and 
information that must be reported on the hazardous chemical inventory 
forms to the Hazard Communication Standard amendments. As a result, 
this action improves first responder and community safety, reduces 
discrepancies and confusion, prevents interpretation burdens on 
facilities when using (Material) Safety Data Sheets to complete annual 
hazardous chemical inventory reports, and enhances clarity.

[[Page 37023]]


DATES: 
    Effective date: This final rule is effective August 21, 2026.
    Compliance date: The compliance date for the use of the new hazard 
categories is January 1, 2028. The EPA expects these changes to be 
reflected in 2027 EPCRA section 312 annual reports, due March 1, 2028.

ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a docket for this action under 
Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OLEM-2025-0299. All documents in the docket are 
listed on the https://www.regulations.gov website. Although listed in 
the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as 
copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet and will be 
publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket 
materials are available electronically through https://www.regulations.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jennifer Barre, Office of Resource 
Conservation and Recovery, Oil Spills and Chemical Accident 
Requirements Branch, Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania 
Ave. NW, Mail Code: 5304T, Washington, DC 20460; telephone number: 
(202) 564-9026 or (240) 644-4559; email address: 
[email protected]; websites: https://www.epa.gov/epcra/emergency-planning-and-community-right-know-act-non-section-313-regulations-and-amendments.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Table of Contents

I. General Information
    A. Summary of This Final Rule
    B. Who does this regulation apply to?
    C. What does this regulation require from facilities?
    D. Why is the Agency taking this action?
    E. What is the Agency's authority for taking this action?
    F. What are the incremental costs and benefits of this action?
II. Background
    A. History of EPCRA Hazard Categories
    B. Proposed Rule
III. Revisions to 40 CFR Part 370
    A. EPCRA Hazard Categories
    B. Definitions
    C. Other Revisions to 40 CFR Part 370
    D. Burdens, Economics, and the Regulatory Process
    E. Summary of Revisions to 40 CFR Part 370
IV. Statutory and Executive Orders Reviews
    A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and 
Executive Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review
    B. Executive Order 14192: Unleashing Prosperity Through 
Deregulation
    C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)
    D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)
    E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)
    F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
    G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With 
Indian Tribal Governments
    H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From 
Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks
    I. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution or Use
    J. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA)
    K. Congressional Review Act (CRA)

List of Acronyms

APA Administrative Procedure Act
CBI Confidential Business Information
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CRA Congressional Review Act
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
EPCRA Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
FR Federal Register
GHS United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and 
Labelling of Chemicals
HCS Hazard Communication Standard
HNOC Hazard Not Otherwise Classified
ICR Information Collection Request
LEPC Local Emergency Planning Committee
NTTAA National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet
OMB Office of Management and Budget
OSH Act Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 [Public Law 91-
596]
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration
PRA Paperwork Reduction Act
RIA Regulatory Impact Assessment
RFA Regulatory Flexibility Act
SARA Title III Title III of the Superfund Amendments and 
Reauthorization Act
SDS Safety Data Sheet
TEPC Tribal Emergency Planning Committee
SERC State Emergency Response Commission
TERC Tribal Emergency Response Commission
UMRA Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
U.S.C. United States Code

I. General Information

A. Summary of This Final Rule

    The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or the Agency) is 
promulgating this final action to amend the hazardous chemical 
inventory reporting regulations at 40 CFR part 370 to conform to OSHA's 
Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) updates of 2012 and 2024 and to 
make minor updates for plain language, clarity, and consistency.
    In 2012, the OSHA HCS, codified at 29 CFR 1910.1200, was amended to 
adopt the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification 
and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) [77 FR 17574; March 26, 2012]. Among 
these 2012 OSHA HCS amendments, OSHA replaced the term Material Safety 
Data Sheet (MSDS) with the term Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and also stated 
that these two terms mean the same thing. In alignment, EPA amended its 
hazardous chemical reporting regulations at 40 CFR part 370 to conform 
to these changes [81 FR 38104; June 13, 2016, and 81 FR 47311; July 21, 
2016]. The EPA 2016 amendments included adding the term SDS to the 
regulation so that both terms are used together throughout 40 CFR part 
370. In this action, EPA is removing use of the term MSDS and revising 
the definition of safety data sheet to conform to the OSHA HCS and to 
improve readability of the regulation in the following sections: 
Sec. Sec.  370.1, 370.3, 370.10, 370.12, 370.13, 370.14, 370.20, 
centered heading, 370.30, 370.31, 370.32, 370.33, 370.60, 370.62, 
370.63, and 370.64.
    In 2024, the OSHA HCS, codified at 29 CFR 1910.1200, was further 
amended to conform to revisions of the United Nations Globally 
Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals [89 FR 
44144; May 20, 2024, and 89 FR 81829; October 9, 2024]. This update 
improves awareness of chemical hazards by instituting changes as to how 
chemical hazards are reported on SDSs. Hazards reported on SDSs are 
used for reporting hazardous chemical inventories under EPCRA sections 
311 and 312 [42 U.S.C. 11021 and 11022]. In this action, EPA is 
amending the EPCRA hazard categories and the definition of hazard 
category to conform with the 2024 OSHA HCS and make conforming 
amendments to the following sections: Sec. Sec.  370.3, 370.30, 370.41, 
and 370.42. The Agency is also noting that OSHA codified the following 
definition of combustible dust at 29 CFR 1910.1200(c): ``Combustible 
dust means finely divided solid particulates of a substance or mixture 
that pose a flash-fire hazard or explosion hazard when dispersed in air 
or other oxidizing media.'' [89 FR 44272-44274; May 20, 2024] This 
definition is applicable to 40 CFR part 370 by the existing reference 
to the OSHA HCS within the definition of hazardous chemical at 40 CFR 
370.66. EPA is not making amendments to further incorporate this 
definition.

[[Page 37024]]

    The Agency is also making minor plain language, clarifying, and 
consistency updates in the following sections: Sec. Sec.  370.1, 370.2, 
370.3, 370.10, 370.14, 370.30, 370.32, 370.33, 370.40, 370.41, 370.42, 
370.43, 370.44, 370.45, 370.60, 370.61, 370.62, 370.64, 370.65, and 
370.66. Of note, this includes capitalizing each letter of the term 
Extremely Hazardous Substance at Sec.  370.66 to differentiate the term 
from its other uses. Additionally, the Agency is moving the definitions 
for this part from Sec. Sec.  370.66 to 370.3, amending the title of 
Sec.  370.3 to be Definitions, and amending the title of Sec.  370.66 
to be [Reserved]. These adjustments add clarity to the regulation by 
providing definitions of key words prior to the requirements. Further, 
EPA is removing the historic compliance dates from Sec. Sec.  370.33 
and 370.45, as well as removing the historic clarifications for 
electronic reporting from Sec. Sec.  370.41 and 370.42. These removals 
improve the readability of the regulation by removing irrelevant 
information.

B. Who does this regulation apply to?

    Sections 311 and 312 of the EPCRA statute [42 U.S.C. 11021 and 
11022], and its implementing regulations at 40 CFR part 370, apply to 
the owners and operators of facilities that are required to prepare or 
have an SDS for any hazardous chemical defined under the Occupational 
Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSH Act) and its implementing 
regulations (i.e., the HCS). EPCRA section 311(e) defines the term 
hazardous chemical to have the same meaning as in OSHA's regulations 
found at 29 CFR 1910.1200(c), except for certain substances exempted in 
EPCRA section 311(e) [42 U.S.C. 11021(e)]. If you have questions 
regarding the applicability of this action to a particular entity, 
consult the person listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT 
section.

C. What does this regulation require from facilities?

    The regulations found at 40 CFR part 370 codify the statutory 
requirements of EPCRA sections 311 and 312. These EPCRA hazardous 
chemical inventory reporting requirements were first promulgated in 
1987 [53 FR 38344; October 15, 1987]. Section 311 requires that 
facilities submit SDSs of hazardous chemicals or a list of hazardous 
chemicals grouped into categories of health and physical hazards as 
defined in OSHA's HCS to the State Emergency Response Commission 
(SERC), Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC), and local fire 
department with jurisdiction over the facility. This is a one-time 
submittal with resubmission requirements if there is significant new 
information for existing hazardous chemicals, new hazardous chemicals 
present at the facility, or upon request by the LEPC as required at 40 
CFR 307.31. Section 312 requires that facilities submit an emergency 
and hazardous chemical inventory form to the SERC, LEPC, and local fire 
department, by March 1st annually. The inventory form provides the 
health and physical hazards of each hazardous chemical as well as the 
locations and quantities present at the facility during the previous 
calendar year. There are two reporting tiers, Tier I and Tier II.
    SERCs provide direction for facilities in their states for whether 
a Tier I or a Tier II form is required to be submitted. Currently, all 
states require use of the Tier II inventory form, which provides 
specific information on each hazardous chemical for developing and 
maintaining local emergency response plans. The Tier I inventory form 
provides only general information on hazardous chemicals and is 
currently not accepted by any state for reporting under the EPCRA 
section 312.
    Note that the term SERC includes Tribal Emergency Response 
Commissions (TERCs) and the term LEPC includes any Tribal Emergency 
Planning Committees (TEPCs). Facilities on Tribal lands need to verify 
with their Tribe which SERC or TERC, LEPC or TEPC, and fire department 
to submit the EPCRA 311 and 312 hazardous chemical inventory reports 
to. [55 FR 3062; July 26, 1990]

D. Why is the Agency taking this action?

    EPA is taking this action to ensure that the hazardous chemical 
inventory reporting requirements of EPCRA sections 311 and 312 are in 
conformance with the OSHA HCS SDS requirements, to publish a uniform 
format for inventory forms using OSHA SDS hazard categories, and to 
improve plain language use in the regulations. EPA anticipates that 
coordination with the OSHA HCS and with the GHS will provide greater 
clarity to the regulated community and facilitate emergency planning.

E. What is the Agency's authority for taking this action?

     42 U.S.C. 11021(a)(2)(A)(i) states that the EPCRA section 
311 list of hazardous chemicals report shall be grouped into categories 
of health and physical hazards as set forth under the OSH Act and the 
OSHA HCS, or in other categories as EPA may prescribe under 
subparagraph (B).
     42 U.S.C. 11021(a)(2)(B) states that, for the EPCRA 
section 311 list of hazardous chemicals report, EPA may modify the 
categories of health and physical hazards as set forth under the OSH 
Act and the OSHA HCS by requiring information to be reported in terms 
of groups of hazardous chemicals which present similar hazards in an 
emergency.
     42 U.S.C. 11022(d)(1)(C) states that, for the EPCRA 
section 312 annual hazardous chemical inventory forms, EPA may modify 
the OSH Act and OSHA HCS categories of health and physical hazards by 
requiring information to be reported in terms of groups of hazardous 
chemicals which present similar hazards in an emergency.
     42 U.S.C. 11022(g) states that for the EPCRA section 312 
annual hazardous chemical inventory forms, EPA shall publish a uniform 
format for inventory forms.
     42 U.S.C. 11049(1) states that the term Administrator used 
throughout the statute means the Administrator of the Environmental 
Protection Agency.

F. What are the incremental costs and benefits of this action?

    This action does not create any additional requirements for 
affected facilities. EPA also anticipates that this action will improve 
first responder and community safety; prevent interpretation burdens 
for facilities, states, local agencies, and fire departments; and 
improve clarity without increasing the regulatory burden. Incremental 
cost savings due to the final rule reflect changes in respondent labor 
burden associated with EPA's regulatory changes conforming to the 
updated OSHA categorization. EPA estimates the final rule will result 
in annual cost savings of $12.83 million ($2025) for the approximately 
463,000 affected facilities.

II. Background

A. History of EPCRA Hazard Categories

    The EPCRA statute specifies that the hazardous chemical inventory 
reporting under sections 311 and 312 should be based on the health and 
physical hazard categories established under the OSH Act and the OSHA 
HCS regulations and that EPA may modify those hazards. Accordingly, in 
1987, EPA modified OSHA's 23 health and physical hazards into five 
hazard categories (two health and three physical hazard categories) for 
facilities to use for reporting and codified the requirements at 40 CFR 
part 370. Facilities used the following five

[[Page 37025]]

categories for EPCRA hazardous chemical inventory reporting from 1987 
through 2016: (1) Immediate (acute) health hazard, including highly 
toxic, toxic, irritant, sensitizer, corrosive, and other hazardous 
chemicals that cause an adverse effect to a target organ and which 
effect usually occurs rapidly as a result of short-term exposure and is 
of short duration; (2) Delayed (chronic) health hazard, including 
carcinogens and other hazardous chemicals that cause an adverse effect 
to a target organ and which effect generally occurs as a result of 
long-term exposure and is of long duration; (3) Fire hazard, including 
flammable, combustible liquid, pyrophoric, and oxidizer; (4) Sudden 
release of pressure, including explosive and compressed gas; and (5) 
Reactive, including unstable reactive, organic peroxide, and water 
reactive. [53 FR 38344; October 15, 1987].
    In 2016, EPA conformed the EPCRA regulations at 40 CFR part 370 
with the 2012 OSHA HCS. The 2012 OSHA HCS adopted the GHS to establish 
consistent and standardized hazard communications and required the 
development of SDSs with a uniform 16-section format. The EPA's 
conforming action included replacing the five 1987-2016 EPCRA hazard 
categories established in 1987 with the 2012 OSHA HCS hazard classes, 
as listed within the definitions of health hazard and physical hazard, 
as well as the four hazards that the GHS did not address (simple 
asphyxiant, combustible dust, pyrophoric gas, and hazard not otherwise 
classified) but are included in the 2012 OSHA HCS definition of a 
hazardous chemical. In the 2016 direct final rule preamble, EPA 
discussed that the 2012 OSHA HCS divides the OSHA hazard classes into 
categories, stating that the detailed criteria would be valuable for 
emergency planners and first responders, but did not incorporate the 
hazard categories into the EPCRA hazardous chemical inventory reports. 
[81 FR 47311; July 21, 2016] The following table lists the 2017-2026 
EPCRA hazard categories, as was published in 40 CFR 370.66 from 2016 
until the compliance date of this action (January 1, 2028):

            EPCRA Hazard Categories Based on OSHA Definitions
                      [Used from 2017 through 2026]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Health hazards                      Physical hazards
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Acute toxicity (any route of        Combustible dust.
 exposure)..                                 Corrosive to metal.
 Aspiration hazard................   Explosive.
 Carcinogenicity..................   Flammable (gases,
 Germ cell mutagenicity...........   aerosols, liquids, or
 Reproductive toxicity............   solids).
 Respiratory or skin                 Gas under pressure.
 sensitization..                             In contact with
 Serious eye damage or eye           water emits flammable gas.
 irritation..                                Organic peroxide.
 Simple asphyxiant................   Oxidizer (liquid,
 Skin corrosion or irritation.....   solid, or gas).
 Specific organ toxicity (single     Pyrophoric (liquid
 or repeat exposure)..                       or solid).
 Hazard not otherwise classified     Pyrophoric Gas.
 (HNOC)..                                    Self-heating.
                                             Self-reactive.
                                             Hazard not
                                             otherwise classified
                                             (HNOC).
------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. Proposed Rule

    In 2024, OSHA amended the HCS to conform with the GHS (primarily to 
GHS Revision 7, published in 2017). The 2024 OSHA HCS modifications 
that affect EPCRA include revised criteria for the classification of 
certain physical hazards to better capture and communicate the hazards 
to downstream users and amended contents for Section 2. Hazard 
Identification of SDSs. [89 FR 44144; May 20, 2024].
    The following is a list of the revised criteria affecting EPCRA: 
(1) replacement of the hazard class Flammable Aerosols with Aerosols 
and Chemicals Under Pressure; (2) addition of the hazard class 
Desensitized Explosives; (3) inclusion of pyrophoric and chemically 
unstable gases within the definition of Flammable Gases; and (4) 
removal of pyrophoric gases from the definition of hazardous chemical. 
These modifications also affect the definitions of health hazards and 
physical hazards at 40 CFR 370.66, which EPA proposes to move to 40 CFR 
370.3 in this action. The following discusses these changes to the OSHA 
hazard classes and the proposed conforming amendments to the EPCRA 
regulation at 40 CFR part 370.
    The 2024 OSHA HCS replaces the Flammable Aerosols hazard class with 
two hazard classes: Aerosols and Chemicals Under Pressure. These two 
hazard classes are both divided into three hazard categories (two for 
flammables and one for non-flammable) [89 FR 44321-44324; May 20, 
2024]. This HCS modification groups substances with different hazards 
for first responders into the same hazard class. For example, non-
refillable fire extinguishers would be classified as Aerosol--Category 
3, where highly flammable paints would be Aerosols--Category 1. So, 
although substances with these hazard classifications are in the same 
OSHA hazard class (i.e., Aerosols), they do not present the same 
hazards in an emergency, as is required by sections 311 and 312 of the 
EPCRA statute [42 U.S.C. 11021(a)(2)(B) and 11022(d)(1)(C)(i)].
    On November 17, 2025, to align with this modification while 
ensuring the protection of first responders and communities, the EPA 
published the now withdrawn direct final rule [90 FR 51187] and the 
parallel proposed rule [90 FR 51266]. On January 9, 2026, due to the 
receipt of adverse comment regarding the hazard categories, EPA 
withdrew the direct final rule [91 FR 918]. Because the direct final 
rule did not become effective, the Agency is proceeding with a final 
rule based on the parallel proposed rule [90 FR 51266] which was 
published separately. The Agency considered all comments submitted to 
the docket [EPA-HQ-OLEM-2025-0299] for both the now withdrawn direct 
final rule and the parallel proposed rule. Discussions are in section 
III. of this final rule.
    The intent of the proposed rule was to directly incorporate the 
OSHA hazard categories into the EPCRA regulation, as opposed to the 
approach EPA adopted in the 2016 final rule [81 FR 38104; June 13, 
2016] which included summaries of hazard classes as provided in the 
OSHA definitions at 29 CFR 1910.1200(c) for hazardous chemical, health 
hazard, and physical hazard into the EPCRA regulation. This method used 
for reporting from 2017 through 2026 grouped together similarly named 
OSHA hazard classes rather than using the OSHA hazard categories. These 
groupings of multiple OSHA hazard classes were acute toxicity (any 
route of exposure), flammable (gases, aerosols, liquids, or solids), 
gas under pressure (compressed gas), oxidizer (liquid, solid or gas), 
and pyrophoric (liquid or solid), resulting in 24 EPCRA hazard 
categories. Instead of this grouping approach, the Agency proposed [90 
FR 51266; November 17, 2025] to incorporate the OSHA hazard categories 
as the EPCRA hazard categories. The proposed rule stated that these 
more detailed hazard categories provide more accurate hazard 
information. This increased specificity in hazard information is 
invaluable to emergency planners and responders, while

[[Page 37026]]

allowing facilities to simply copy the hazard categories from the SDSs 
to the EPCRA inventory reports. The proposed modification to the EPCRA 
regulations to use the OSHA hazard categories is in direct alignment 
with the statutory sections 42 U.S.C. 11021(a)(2)(A)(i) and 
11022(d)(1)(A), which state that the EPCRA hazardous chemical inventory 
reporting should be based on the categories of health and physical 
hazards as set forth under the OSH Act and its regulations. During the 
30-day public comment period for this action, EPA received nine 
comments on the modification of the hazard categories. The discussion 
and final hazard categories are in section III.A. below.
    EPA also proposed to adjust the definitions for 40 CFR part 370 to 
amend the definitions of hazard category and safety data sheet and 
remove the definition of Material Safety Data Sheet. Further, the 
Agency proposed to move the definitions for 40 CFR part 370 from 
Sec. Sec.  370.66 to 370.3 to ensure clarity and consistency within the 
EPCRA regulations. Additionally, the Agency noted that OSHA codified 
the following definition of combustible dust at 29 CFR 1910.1200(c): 
``Combustible dust means finely divided solid particulates of a 
substance or mixture that pose a flash-fire hazard or explosion hazard 
when dispersed in air or other oxidizing media.'' [89 FR 44272-44274; 
May 20, 2024] This definition is applicable to 40 CFR part 370 by the 
existing reference to the OSHA HCS within the definition of hazardous 
chemical at 40 CFR 370.66. EPA is not making amendments to further 
incorporate this definition. During the 30-day public comment period 
for these actions, only supporting comments were received for 
definition portions of the proposal. The discussions and final 
definitions are in section III.B. below.
    Further, EPA also proposed to make minor plain language, 
clarifying, and consistency edits in the following sections: Sec. Sec.  
370.1, 370.2, 370.3, 370.10, 370.14, 370.30, 370.32, 370.33, 370.40, 
370.41, 370.42, 370.43, 370.44, 370.45, 370.60, 370.61, 370.62, 370.64, 
370.65, and 370.66. These proposed changes include capitalizing each 
letter of the term Extremely Hazardous Substance to add clarity between 
the distinct set of substances listed in the appendices of 40 CFR part 
355 and other uses of the term, removing the historic compliance dates 
from Sec. Sec.  370.33 and 370.45, as well as removing the historic 
clarifications for electronic reporting from Sec. Sec.  370.41 and 
370.42. No comments were received for these edits, during the 30-day 
public comment period for these actions. The discussion is in section 
III.C. below.

III. Revisions to 40 CFR Part 370

    In this final action, consistent with the proposal, EPA is amending 
its hazardous chemical inventory reporting regulations at 40 CFR part 
370 by directly incorporating the 118 OSHA hazard categories as the 
EPCRA hazard categories, amending the definitions for hazard category 
and safety data sheet, removing the use of the term Material Safety 
Data Sheet (MSDS), noting that 2024 OSHA HCS includes a definition for 
combustible dusts which is applicable to 40 CFR part 370, and making 
the proposed corrections for plain language, clarity, and consistency. 
These changes were made to conform with the most recent version of 29 
CFR 1910.1200. EPA engaged in discussions with OSHA in finalizing this 
rule. Additionally, EPA is providing a thirteen-month extension to the 
proposed rule's compliance date (i.e., December 1, 2027); the final 
rule compliance date is January 1, 2028. The rationale for these 
revisions is discussed below:

A. EPCRA Hazard Categories

    As explained above in section II.A. of this final rule, the EPCRA 
statute specifies that the hazardous chemical inventory reporting under 
sections 311 and 312 should be the health and physical hazard 
categories established under the OSH Act and the OSHA HCS regulations, 
and that EPA may modify those OSHA hazard categories to be reported in 
groups which present similar hazards in an emergency [42 U.S.C. 
11021(a)(2) and 11022(d)]. As the Agency explained in the proposed rule 
and discussed further below in this section, the updates to the OSHA 
HCS [89 FR 81829; October 9, 2024] leave the 2017-2026 EPCRA hazard 
categories out of alignment with the OSHA hazard categories. To remedy 
this, the EPA published a proposed rule [90 FR 51266; November 17, 
2025] to directly incorporate the OSHA hazard classes and their 
categories as the EPCRA hazard categories, consistent with the 
statutory provisions that the EPCRA hazard categories are to be the 
health and physical hazards as set forth under the OSHA HCS [42 U.S.C. 
11021(a)(2)(A)(i) and 11021(d)(1)(A)]. In this final action and for the 
reasons explained below, the Agency is finalizing the direct 
incorporation of the OSHA hazard classes with their hazard categories 
as the EPCRA hazard categories.
1. Conformance to OSHA Hazard Categories
    EPA received nine comments on the proposal to directly incorporate 
the OSHA hazard categories into the EPCRA regulation as the EPCRA 
hazard categories. EPA agrees with commenters who supported the 
proposed rule's direct incorporation of the OSHA hazard categories as 
the EPCRA hazard categories for the ability to streamline reporting, 
reduce the time burden for completing the reports, reduce confusion 
between Federal and international chemical hazard classifications, and 
allow direct data transfer from the OSHA HCS required SDSs to the EPCRA 
hazardous chemical inventory forms. Some commenters criticized the 
expansion of the 2017-2026 EPCRA hazard categories and were unclear as 
to how they would be implemented. Some of these commenters were unclear 
regarding how they would complete the new form with so many options for 
the hazard categories, some commenters expressed concern regarding 
whether the hazard categories are comprehensible by small facilities 
and the public, one commenter stated that the expansion of hazard 
categories exceeds what is necessary for harmonization and that the 
revised categories are simply a more granular version of the existing 
categorizations, and one commenter stated that the OSHA hazard 
categories create a false sense of accuracy and that the hazard 
categories give the illusion that a more precise description implies 
that something is more true. Some of these commenters requested that 
EPA retain the current 2017-2026 EPCRA hazard categories, while another 
commenter stated that the EPA's original five 1987-2016 hazard 
categories should be reinstated. In addition to considering these 
comments, EPA also evaluated other approaches. The discussions are 
below in this section.
    In response to the commenters who expressed confusion as to how to 
complete the EPCRA section 312 Tier II forms and, in agreement with 
supporting commenters, EPA has determined that the updated approach 
removes the current interpretation burden and simply requires the 
selection of the hazard category on the Tier II Form that matches the 
hazard category present on the SDS. The updated approach requires no 
interpretation burden or chemical hazard expertise, rather it simply 
requires the facilities use the hazard category from the SDS to report 
on the Tier II Form. The 1987-2016 and 2017-2026 hazard category 
methods required

[[Page 37027]]

that facilities use the OSHA hazard classes and categories to then 
interpret which EPCRA hazard category was relevant for each. Also, the 
2024 OSHA HCS updates created a misalignment for twelve OSHA hazard 
categories that do not fit into a 2017-2026 EPCRA hazard category or 
will cause confusion if reported in a 2017-2026 hazard category (i.e., 
Aerosols--Categories 1, 2, and 3; Chemicals Under Pressure--Categories 
1, 2, and 3; Flammable Gases--Chemically Unstable Category 1A/A and 1A/
B; Desensitized Explosives--Categories 1, 2, 3, and 4). Therefore, 
facilities will now incur a data entry and interpretation burden when 
completing their 2026 Tier II Form. The timeliness of the rule is to 
prevent these additional burdens for all facilities (especially small 
facilities). This final action removes these added burdens for the 2027 
and subsequent reporting years. Further, the hazard categories appear 
individually on the SDS. And, for every hazard category listed on the 
SDS, the facilities have always been required to select one hazard 
category on the Tier II Form. Therefore, EPA disagrees that the 
expansion of the hazard categories will make it more difficult to 
complete the annual Tier II Form because facilities are still only 
required to use each hazard category from the SDS to select one hazard 
category on the Tier II Form. The changes with this final rule remove 
the burdens for interpreting which EPCRA hazard category to use for 
each OSHA hazard category, since these two sets of hazard categories 
are now the same.
    EPA understands the importance of using hazard categories that 
effectively convey the hazard information, as well as the concerns 
expressed regarding whether small facilities and the public will be 
able to understand the hazard information affiliated with the expanded 
hazard categories. In agreement with supporting commenters, the Agency 
finds that the alignment of EPCRA hazard categories with the OSHA 
hazard categories, which are in accordance with international 
standards, will provide one set of chemical hazard information for 
people to understand and this will inherently increase comprehension 
while resolving confusion. Note that in the 2012 OSHA HCS [52 FR 38344] 
which conformed to the GHS, OSHA stated that ensuring comprehensibility 
of the GHS was a key principle in its development [77 FR 17584; March 
26, 2012]. Further, the hazard class information is still included in 
the EPCRA hazard categories, so the EPCRA section 312 Tier I and Tier 
II forms will continue to provide people with a basic understanding of 
the hazard (e.g., carcinogenicity, serious eye damage, explosives, 
oxidizing gases, etc.). Importantly, these revisions also allow people 
the opportunity to more clearly understand the hazards in their 
communities if they choose to. The Agency finds that it is appropriate 
to allow people the option to learn and understand, instead of assuming 
that they are incapable of comprehending the hazard categories. For the 
reasons stated above, the Agency disagrees that using the OSHA hazard 
categories will less effectively convey hazard information and instead 
finds that directly incorporating the OSHA hazard categories as the 
EPCRA hazard categories will ensure that people are informed of the 
hazards effecting them, whether they achieve full understanding of the 
hazard categories or retain only the basic hazard class information.
    EPA disagrees with the commenter positing that the expansion of the 
EPCRA hazard categories exceeds what is necessary for harmonization, 
that the 2017-2026 EPCRA hazard categories are sufficient, and that the 
expanded categories are simply a more granular version of the 2017-2026 
hazard categories. As was discussed in section IV.B. of the proposed 
rule, the 2024 OSHA HCS amendments: (1) replaced the hazard class 
Flammable Aerosols with Aerosols and Chemicals Under Pressure; (2) 
added the hazard class Desensitized Explosives; (3) includes pyrophoric 
and chemically unstable gases within the definition of Flammable Gases; 
and (4) removes pyrophoric gases from the definition of hazardous 
chemical. In fact, there are now thirteen OSHA hazard categories which 
appear on the 2024 complaint SDSs which do not appear on the 2012 SDSs. 
Problematic for facilities in 2026, there will be twelve OSHA hazard 
categories that do not fit into a 2017-2026 EPCRA hazard category, or 
will cause confusion for the emergency planners and responders if 
reported in a 2017-2026 hazard category (i.e., Aerosols--Categories 1, 
2, and 3; Chemicals Under Pressure--Categories 1, 2, and 3; Flammable 
Gases--Chemically Unstable Category 1A/A and 1A/B; Desensitized 
Explosives--Categories 1, 2, 3, and 4). EPA also considered the 
feasibility of modifying the OSHA hazard categories by using the OSHA 
hazard classes to group hazards, consistent with the Agency's approach 
for the 2017-2026 hazard categories. However, as was explained in 
section IV.A. of the proposed rule, EPA has determined that using the 
OSHA hazard classes as a method of grouping hazards may misstate the 
hazard information and the related risks for communities, for example 
the new OSHA hazard class for Aerosols, which clearly groups substances 
with different hazards for first responders and communities into the 
same hazard class. For example, non-refillable fire extinguishers would 
be classified as Aerosol--Category 3, where highly flammable paints 
would be Aerosols--Category 1. If EPA continues to rely on the OSHA 
hazard classes for the EPCRA hazard categories, both non-refillable 
fire extinguishers and highly flammable paints would be reported as the 
same hazard despite not actually being the same hazard in an emergency. 
Therefore use of the OSHA hazard classes (or mergers of hazard classes) 
as the EPCRA hazard categories would be inconsistent with the statutory 
provision that authorizes EPA to modify the categories of health and 
physical hazards as set under the OSHA HCS, by requiring that the 
information be reported in terms of groups of hazardous chemicals which 
present similar hazards in an emergency [42 U.S.C. 11021(a)(2)(B) and 
11022(d)(1)(C)(i)].
    EPA disagrees with the commenter who posits that the OSHA hazard 
categories create a false sense of accuracy and that the hazard 
categories give the illusion that a more precise description implies 
that something is truer. OSHA hazard categories use defined criteria to 
compare the severity of the hazards in each hazard class [29 CFR 
1910.1200(c) Hazard category]. While all of the chemicals in an OSHA 
hazard class have similar properties, the hazard categories provide an 
increased awareness of what the hazard truly is. For example, the OSHA 
HCS hazard class Chemicals Under Pressure is divided into categories 
with different severities: Category 1 is for the more flammable 
chemicals under pressure which contain >=85% flammable components (by 
mass) and have a heat of combustion >=20 kJ/g, while Category 3 is for 
less flammable chemicals under pressure which contain <=1% flammable 
components (by mass) and has a heat of combustion <20 kJ/g [29 CFR 
1910.1200, appendix B.3.2]. Therefore, while these are both Chemicals 
Under Pressure, Category 1 has more severe hazards than the other 
categories in this class. The Agency finds that adopting this awareness 
of hazard severity into the EPCRA regulations is important for 
communities to better prioritize their emergency planning efforts to 
first focus on the facilities posing the highest risks.
    EPA is unable to accommodate the commenters requesting the 
continued

[[Page 37028]]

use of the 2017-2026 EPCRA hazard categories nor is it able to revert 
back to the 1987-2016 hazard categories for the reasons discussed above 
in this section. Further, if EPA reinstated the EPCRA categories used 
from 1987 through 2016, there would be fewer hazard categories, but 
these categories would not be aligned with the OSHA hazard categories 
on the SDSs. This misalignment would cause confusion and increase the 
burden on reporting facilities by requiring mapping of the OSHA hazard 
categories to the EPCRA hazard categories. Therefore, EPA is adopting 
the OSHA hazard classes with their categories as the EPCRA hazard 
categories, consistent with the statutory provisions that the EPCRA 
hazard categories are to be the health and physical hazards as set 
forth under the OSHA HCS [42 U.S.C. 11021(a)(2)(A)(i) and 
11021(d)(1)(A)].
2. Hazard Awareness
    Some commenters supported the action on the basis that 
incorporation of the OSHA hazard classes with their categories 
increases hazard awareness for emergency planners, first responders, 
and communities. One of these commenters said that adopting the more 
specific OSHA categories allows facilities to provide the most 
specialized and relevant information to first responders, which is 
vital to emergency planning. Similarly, another commenter representing 
state and local entities said that the OSHA hazard categories provide a 
much more detailed characterization of the threats posed by different 
hazardous chemicals and this level of detail is often essential for 
LEPC's planning needs. Other commenters criticized the more granular 
hazard categories, indicating that the expanded hazard information is 
of little value to emergency planners and first responders. One of 
these commenters stated that first responders ``are by nature a 
cautious breed'' for requesting the actual hazards presented by 
chemicals in the EPCRA reports because the prospect of improved 
precision is attractive to them, but the use of the information by 
emergency planners and responders is disproportional to the facility 
reporting burdens. Some adverse commenters also posited that since 
planners and first responders can already request the SDSs from 
facilities, and that because the SDS is the first responder's primary 
resource during incidents, the adoption of the OSHA hazard categories 
is unjustified.
    EPA disagrees that the more granular hazard information is of 
little value to emergency planners and first responders, and instead 
agrees with the commenter representing the state and local emergency 
planners and first responders who posits that the more specific hazard 
category information will help ensure that our first-line emergency 
responders are equipped with the information necessary to respond and 
protect communities. It is correct that the statute provides the 
authority for the LEPCs to request the SDS from each facility for each 
chemical, year after year [42 U.S.C. 11021(c)]. However, the commenter 
representing state and local emergency planners and responders observed 
that forcing LEPCs to rely on their authority to request such 
information from the facility delays delivery of the information 
creates an additional hassle for both facility operators and LEPCs and 
promotes conflict between them. The Agency agrees with this commenter 
and anticipates that the SERCs, LEPCs, and fire departments will be 
able to better prioritize their emergency planning efforts if they have 
both the OSHA hazard class and category as reported on the SDS. The 
Agency also anticipates that LEPCs will request fewer SDSs from 
facilities, since they will now be able to focus their efforts on the 
hazardous chemicals of concern for their communities by simply 
reviewing the Tier II Form data.
3. Implementation Timeframe for Hazard Categories
    In response to the proposed rule's compliance date of December 1, 
2026, some commenters representing industry requested that the rule be 
phased or delayed to align with the OSHA HCS compliance schedule and to 
provide additional time for facilities to reclassify their hazards and 
update their SDS inventory records based on the new definitions.
    These extension requests to align with the OSHA HCS ranged from 
stating that the implementation of the EPCRA hazard categories should 
be aligned with the phased deadlines for the 2024 OSHA HCS to 
requesting five years after the final compliance date in the OSHA HCS 
for effectiveness of this final rule (i.e., the 2033 report due by 
March 1, 2034). These commenters posited that the EPCRA compliance date 
is impossible or would increase compliance risks because it is prior to 
the final OSHA compliance date for manufacturers and importers to 
update their SDSs for mixtures, and the compliance date would therefore 
require facilities to self-classify their chemical hazards. The EPA 
disagrees because the proposed rule did not and this final rule does 
not modify the reporting requirements which are set by statute and have 
been codified as regulation since October 15, 1987 [52 FR 38344], nor 
do they venture into OSHA's jurisdiction to direct hazard 
classifications.
    The EPCRA hazard category modifications allow facilities that are 
in possession of a 2024 OSHA HCS compliant SDS to use that SDS for 
their statute required EPCRA section 312 annual reports. The relevancy 
of the 2024 OSHA HCS compliance dates to this final rule is that in the 
year 2026 facilities will have SDSs that will include twelve OSHA 
hazard categories that are not reportable under a 2017-2026 EPCRA 
hazard category, as discussed above in section III.A.1. and further 
below in this section. The statute sets that the EPCRA section 311 
reports are triggered by facilities having a new or revised SDS, and 
that the section 312 report (which requires the hazard categories from 
the SDSs) is due by March 1st each year for the previous calendar year, 
this remains unchanged:
     The EPCRA section 311 initial list is to be submitted 
within three months after the owner or operator of a facility is 
required to prepare or have available a SDS under the OSHA HCS [42 
U.S.C. 11021(d)(1)(B)].
     The EPCRA section 311 updated list is to be submitted 
within three months following discovery by an owner or operator of 
significant new information concerning an aspect of a hazardous 
chemical for which a SDS was previously submitted [42 U.S.C. 
11021(d)(2)].
     The EPCRA section 312 annual report shall be submitted on 
or before March 1st annually, and shall contain data with respect to 
the preceding calendar year [42 U.S.C. 11022(a)(2)].
    Further, EPA realizes that facilities which are also manufacturers, 
importers, or distributors (who are modifying an SDS) have the OSHA 
requirement to update the SDS by May 19, 2026, for substances [29 CFR 
1910.1200(j)(2)(i)] and November 19, 2027, for mixtures [29 CFR 
1910.1200(j)(3)(i)]. The date that these facilities comply with this 
OSHA requirement is the date that these facilities have the new or 
revised SDS for EPCRA sections 311 and 312 reporting requirements, 
discussed immediately above in this section. The Agency finds that the 
requests for extension to align with the OSHA HCS are unnecessary 
because the proposed rule and this final rule are inherently aligned 
with the OSHA HCS compliance dates. However, for another reason the 
Agency is extending the compliance date of the rule to January 1, 2028 
(see section III.A.5.), which is after the 2024

[[Page 37029]]

OSHA HCS compliance dates for these facilities to develop the SDSs for 
substances and mixtures [29 CFR 1910.1200(j)(2)(i) and (j)(3)(i)].
    EPA evaluated the feasibility of facilities using the 2024 OSHA 
hazard categories as the EPCRA hazard categories during the transition 
period to determine if the EPCRA compliance date is impossible or would 
increase compliance risks. To start with, it is important to note that 
there will be 2012 HCS compliant SDSs in use until all products 
distributed with these SDSs are no longer in circulation, which could 
be decades in some extreme cases, and that the EPCRA section 311 and 
312 relevant 2024 OSHA HCS transition period ranges from May 20, 2024 
until May 19, 2028 [29 CFR 1910.1200(j)(4)]. This means that the 
transition period started May 20, 2024, and could last for many years 
beyond the 2024 OSHA HCS compliance dates. Therefore, EPA must set the 
hazard categories to be usable for both the 2012 HCS compliant SDS and 
the 2024 HCS compliant SDS. Facilities do not need to have a 2024 OSHA 
HCS compliant SDS to comply with this final rule.
    Regarding the feasibility of using the 2024 OSHA hazard categories 
during the transition period and until the 2012 OSHA HCS compliant SDSs 
are removed from circulation. Of the 118 categories: 105 remain 
unchanged as they appear on the SDS, 10 are new and will only appear on 
the 2024 compliant SDSs, and three were renamed (i.e., Flammable 
Aerosols--Category 1 = Aerosols--Category 1; Flammable Aerosols--
Category 2 = Aerosols--Category 2; and Pyrophoric Gas = Flammable 
Gases--Pyrophoric Gas--Category 1A). These three renamed hazards are 
the only hazards which will appear on the 2012 HCS compliant SDSs that 
do not also appear on the 2024 compliant SDSs. There are thirteen 
hazard categories which appear on the 2024 complaint SDSs which do not 
appear on the 2012 SDSs and twelve of these are not reportable under 
the current EPCRA hazard categories (based on OSHA classes), as 
discussed above in section III.A.1. Below is a summary of the 
evaluation of the reporting requirements for using the 2012 SDSs on the 
new forms and using the 2024 SDSs on the old forms:
     If a facility is using a 2012 compliant SDSs to report on 
the revised EPCRA section 312 Tier II Form, the three renamed hazard 
categories will require that facilities report according to a guidance 
matrix which the EPA will publish with the final rule.
     If a facility is using a 2024 compliant SDS to report on 
the 2017-2026 form, thirteen hazard categories (i.e., the ten new 
hazard categories and the three renamed hazard categories) will require 
that facilities report these hazards as hazards not otherwise 
classified due to a lack of other data entry options.
    Additionally, one commenter asserted that the EPCRA rule 
implementation should be delayed and aligned with the OSHA HCS 
compliance schedule because the 2024 OSHA HCS imposes a new due 
diligence for SDSs to include the evaluation of reasonably anticipated 
downstream hazards. The EPA disagrees that this is a new requirement 
for the OSHA HCS; in fact, the preamble to the OSHA final rule 
discusses at length that this has been a long-standing requirement for 
the SDSs to include these reasonably anticipated downstream hazards [89 
FR 44278-44281; May 20, 2024]. Further, the contents of these intrinsic 
properties into downstream hazards are now required to be entered in 
section 2(c) of the SDS, which separates these intrinsic properties 
into hazards due to either a chemical reaction or byproduct, and 
hazards due to changes in physical form [see 29 CFR 1910.1200(d)(1)(i) 
and (ii) and Appendix D to Sec.  1910.1200 Table D.1--Minimum 
Information for an SDS]. Therefore, facilities have already been 
reporting these hazards on the EPCRA reports, if the SDSs were 
compliant with the OSHA HCS.
    In summary, the Agency disagrees with the statements suggesting 
that facilities should not be required to report using the new hazard 
categories until after the OSHA HCS transition period or until five 
years after this rule becomes effective. The Agency finds that the 
requested extensions to conform to the OSHA compliance dates are 
unnecessary and would only exacerbate the reporting burdens 
(particularly for small facilities) which will be increased each year 
this rule is delayed. Nonetheless, the EPA has considered options to 
resolve these comments.
4. Alternative Reporting Requests
    Some commenters suggested phasing in the use of the updated hazard 
categories by allowing a dual reporting option, where facilities could 
choose if they use the legacy or updated hazard categories. EPA 
disagrees that this is a feasible option because this would require 
either two sets of forms and therefore two sets of software systems, or 
modification of the Tier II Form and software systems to allow for the 
use of both sets of hazard categories. This would complicate reporting 
and introduce unnecessary costs and delays in implementation. Further, 
these burdens on the implementing agencies would be required at the 
onset of the transition period, as well as at the end of the transition 
period since the implementing agencies would need to modify their 
custom softwares to allow for the new option and then again to remove 
it. Therefore, the Agency finds that providing an option to use either 
set of hazard categories would double to quadruple the costs for states 
to update their custom software systems and would at least double the 
implementing agencies' burdens for processing and management of the 
data. Further, this option would also delay improving hazard awareness 
while interjecting confusion for all parties involved. Therefore, the 
Agency is not finalizing an option to allow facilities to choose if 
they use the legacy or updated hazard categories during a transition 
period.
    In accordance with the intent of this comment, the EPA also 
considered allowing reporting by only the OSHA hazard class during a 
transition period and then the full hazard categorization after the 
final SDS compliance date of the OSHA HCS. However, this option may 
impose an undue burden for facilities (particularly for small 
facilities) to re-enter their hazard classifications more times than 
would be necessary since most of the hazard classifications remain 
unchanged as they appear on the SDS. Finally, this option would also 
delay improving hazard awareness. Therefore, the Agency is not 
finalizing these options.
5. Delay Requests To Update Software, Training, and Guidance
    Finally, some commenters requested extensions for the use of the 
new hazard categories because of the need to update the EPA provided 
Tier2 Submit software, training, and guidance; for facilities to update 
their custom software systems; and for states to update their custom 
software systems, guidance, and training materials. One of these 
commenters requested that the Agency conduct outreach to the SERCs, 
LEPCs, software vendors, and facilities no later than the July 
preceding the affected reporting year. This commenter also stated that 
the rule must be delayed because the Agency only provided a few weeks 
for the updates of software systems. Another commenter stated that 
timely access to the Tier2 Submit specifications and data 
configurations is needed for facilities to ensure compatibility between 
their chemical management software systems and the new reporting 
structure. Another commenter representing industry stated that the rule 
must be delayed because SERCs cannot update their electronic

[[Page 37030]]

reporting systems in time and facilities also need time to update their 
internal electronic reporting systems. The Agency received one comment 
representing the SERCs and LEPCs; this commenter fully supported the 
now withdrawn direct final rule [52 FR 38344; November 17, 2025] which 
provided 54 weeks for the updates to the software systems.
    EPA agrees with these commenters that it is necessary to provide 
adequate time for the update of software systems, guidance, and 
training materials for the implementation of the new EPCRA hazard 
categories. The Agency also agrees that timely access to the Tier II 
Form and its data configurations is important to allow for updates to 
commercial and private software. Further, the Agency agrees that it 
should conduct outreach to the SERCs, LEPCs, commercial software 
companies, and facilities. For compliance assistance, EPA publishes the 
EPCRA section 312 inventory reporting forms, offers training and 
educational materials, provides software programs for facilities to 
report (i.e., Tier2 Submit) and for implementing agencies to manage 
their inventory reports (i.e., CAMEO Data Manager), and posts the 
National Tier II Data Standard \1\ for use in developing custom 
software. The Agency has already provided the revised Tier I and Tier 
II Forms in the docket with this final rule and will also publish these 
forms on the EPA web page EPCRA Tier II Forms and Instructions.\2\ The 
Agency is also updating its online training for the implementing 
agencies, planners, and responders \3\; guidance for using the 2012 
OSHA compliant SDSs for the new EPCRA reports; guidance clarifying the 
statute's requirements to update the EPCRA section 311 reports and to 
use the SDS for the section 312 reports as discussed above in this 
section [42 U.S.C. 11021(d)(1)(B), 11021(d)(2), and 11022(a)(2)]; and 
the National LEPC-TEPC Handbook,\4\ with the intent of also publishing 
these updated materials. EPA intends to release the Tier2 Submit and 
CAMEO Data Manager software programs on the normal schedule (i.e., 
November of each year), which has historically been an adequate amount 
of time to incorporate state specific requirements into the software 
program and is also in accordance with the time provided in the 2016 
direct final rule which conformed the EPCRA hazard categories to the 
2012 OSHA HCS [52 FR 38344]. Additionally, to provide access to the 
Tier2 Submit specifications and data configurations, EPA also intends 
to post the revised National Tier II Data Standard in a timely manner 
for states and facilities to use in developing any custom softwares 
they choose to use. EPA will work to minimize the confusion between the 
2026 and 2027 reporting year requirements, while also ensuring that 
there is adequate time to update the software systems. EPA will publish 
these updated resources and tools on its website and will distribute 
the notifications of their release to the SERCs who have provided their 
contact information to the EPA,\5\ the National Association of SARA 
Title III Program Officials (NASTTPO), the National Fire Protection 
Association (NFPA), the National Volunteer Fire Association (NVFA), E-
Plan, Hazconnect, and VelocityEHS. Anyone else requesting distribution 
notices may contact the person listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION 
CONTACT section.
    EPA agrees that it is necessary to provide adequate time for the 
update of software systems. However, the Agency disagrees with the 
commenter requesting an extension because the Agency only provided a 
few weeks for the updates of software systems, because the now 
withdrawn direct final rule [52 FR 38344] would have provided over one 
year (i.e., 54 weeks) to make these updates. Based on the comment 
representing SERCs and LEPCs and the amount of time necessary to update 
Tier2 Submit and CAMEO Data Manager, one year is an adequate amount of 
time to update the commercial and custom softwares to include the new 
hazard categories. However, to ensure that sufficient time is provided, 
EPA is providing a thirteen-month extension to the proposed rule's 
compliance date, or seventeen months after publication of the final 
rule (Proposed--December 1, 2027; Final Rule--January 1, 2028). SERCs 
who are unable to update their custom software are invited to use the 
EPA provided software (i.e., Tier 2 Submit and CAMEO Data Manager).
6. Revised Hazard Categories
    In sum, for the reasons laid out above, EPA is finalizing revised 
hazard categories as proposed, with one exception as detailed below. 
The following tables detail and compare the legacy 2017-2026 EPCRA 
hazard categories (adopted in 2016) to the 2024 OSHA HCS hazard classes 
with their hazard categories that are being adopted in this final rule. 
This table is amended from the one published in the now withdrawn 
direct final rule [91 FR 918] and proposed rule [90 FR 51266] to expand 
the Acute Toxicity, Inhalation hazard category to include specific 
hazard categories for vapors, gases, and dusts and mists, and to 
correct that the hazard category Oxidizing Gases is Oxidizing Gases--
Category 1. These changes were made to conform with the most recent 
version of 29 CFR 1910.1200. EPA also engaged in discussions with OSHA 
in finalizing this rule.

                                         EPCRA Health Hazard Categories
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         2024 OSHA HCS (OSHA hazard class--    Notes about proposed changes to
            Adopted in 2016                    OHSA hazard category)               EPCRA hazard categories
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acute Toxicity (any route of exposure)  Acute Toxicity, Oral--Category 1...   Including the OSHA classes
                                        Acute Toxicity, Oral--Category 2...   and categories for these health
                                        Acute Toxicity, Oral--Category 3...   hazards from appendix A.1 to
                                        Acute Toxicity, Oral--Category 4...   create twenty EPCRA hazard
                                                                              categories.
                                        Acute Toxicity, Dermal--Category 1.
                                        Acute Toxicity, Dermal--Category 2.
                                        Acute Toxicity, Dermal--Category 3.
                                        Acute Toxicity, Dermal--Category 4.
                                        Inhalation--Dusts and Mists--
                                         Category 1.
                                        Inhalation--Dusts and Mists--
                                         Category 2..
                                        Inhalation--Dusts and Mists--
                                         Category 3..
                                        Inhalation--Dusts and Mists--
                                         Category 4..

[[Page 37031]]

 
                                        Inhalation--Gases--Category 1......
                                        Inhalation--Gases--Category 2......
                                        Inhalation--Gases--Category 3......
                                        Inhalation--Gases--Category 4......
                                        Inhalation--Vapors--Category 1.....
                                        Inhalation--Vapors--Category 2.....
                                        Inhalation--Vapors--Category 3.....
                                        Inhalation--Vapors--Category 4.....
Aspiration Hazard.....................  Aspiration Hazard--Category 1......   No changes
Carcinogenicity.......................  Carcinogenicity--Category 1........   Including the OSHA
                                        Carcinogenicity--Sub-Category 1A...   categories for this hazard class
                                        Carcinogenicity--Sub-Category 1B...   from appendix A.6 to create four
                                        Carcinogenicity--Category 2........   EPCRA hazard categories.
Germ Cell Mutagenicity................  Germ Cell Mutagenicity--Category 1.   Including the OSHA
                                        Germ Cell Mutagenicity--Sub-          categories for this hazard class
                                         Category 1A..                        from appendix A.5 to create four
                                        Germ Cell Mutagenicity--Sub-          EPCRA hazard categories.
                                         Category 1B..
                                        Germ Cell Mutagenicity--Category 2.
Reproductive Toxicity.................  Reproductive Toxicity--Category 1..   Including the OSHA
                                        Reproductive Toxicity--Sub-Category   categories for this hazard class
                                         1A..                                 from appendix A.7 to create five
                                        Reproductive Toxicity--Sub-Category   EPCRA hazard categories.
                                         1B..
                                        Reproductive Toxicity--Category 2..
                                        Reproductive Toxicity--Effects on
                                         or via lactation..
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization.....  Respiratory Sensitizer--Category 1.   Including the OSHA classes
                                        Respiratory Sensitizer--Sub-          and categories for these health
                                         Category 1A..                        hazards from appendix A.4 to
                                        Respiratory Sensitizer--Sub-          create six EPCRA hazard
                                         Category 1B..                        categories.
                                        Skin Sensitizer--Category 1........
                                        Skin Sensitizer--Sub-Category 1A...
                                        Skin Sensitizer--Sub-Category 1B...
Serious Eye Damage or Eye Irritation..  Serious Eye Damage--Category 1.....   Including the OSHA
                                        Eye Irritation--Category 2.........   categories for this hazard class
                                        Eye Irritation--Sub-Category 2A....   from appendix A.3 to create four
                                        Eye Irritation--Sub-Category 2B....   EPCRA hazard categories.
Simple Asphyxiant.....................  Simple Asphyxiant..................   No changes
Skin Corrosion or Irritation..........  Skin Corrosion--Category 1.........   Including the OSHA classes
                                        Skin Corrosion--Sub-Category 1A....   and categories for these health
                                        Skin Corrosion--Sub-Category 1B....   hazards from appendix A.2 to
                                        Skin Corrosion--Sub-Category 1C....   create five EPCRA hazard
                                        Skin Irritation--Category 2........   categories.
Specific Target Organ Toxicity (Single  Specific Target Organ Toxicity        Separating the ``single''
 or Repeated Exposure).                  Single Exposure--Category 1.         and ``repeated or prolonged''
                                        Specific Target Organ Toxicity        hazard classes
                                         Single Exposure--Category 2..
                                        Specific Target Organ Toxicity
                                         Single Exposure--Category 3..
                                        Specific Target Organ Toxicity        Including the OSHA classes
                                         Repeated or Prolonged Exposure--     and categories for these health
                                         Category 1.                          hazards from appendices A.8 and
                                        Specific Target Organ Toxicity        A.9 to create five EPCRA hazard
                                         Repeated or Prolonged Exposure--     categories.
                                         Category 2..
Hazard Not Otherwise Classified (HNOC)  Hazard Not Otherwise Classified       No changes
                                         (HNOC).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                        EPCRA Physical Hazard Categories
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         Proposed in this action to conform
            Adopted in 2016                with the 2024 OSHA HCS  (OSHA       Notes about proposed changes to
                                        hazard class--OSHA hazard category)        EPCRA hazard categories
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flammable (gases, aerosols, liquids or  Aerosols--Category 1...............   Aerosols are no longer
 solids).                               Aerosols--Category 2...............   reported under the flammable
                                        Aerosols--Category 3...............   hazard category, they are now in
                                                                              the Aerosols hazard class.
                                        Chemicals Under Pressure--Category    Aerosols and Chemicals
                                         1.                                   Under Pressure hazard classes now
                                        Chemicals Under Pressure--Category    include flammable (Categories 1 &
                                         2..                                  2) and non-flammable hazards
                                        Chemicals Under Pressure--Category    (Category 3).
                                         3..

[[Page 37032]]

 
                                        Flammable Gases--Category 1A.......  Pyrophoric gases are no longer an
                                        Flammable Gases--Category 1B.......   independent hazard class and are
                                        Flammable Gases--Category 2........   included in the flammable gases
                                        Flammable Gases--Chemically           hazard category. Report under the
                                         Unstable Gas--Category 1A/A..        Flammable Gases--Pyrophoric Gas
                                        Flammable Gases--Chemically           hazard category.
                                         Unstable Gas--Category 1A/B..
                                        Flammable Gases--Pyrophoric Gas--
                                         Category 1A..
                                        Flammable Liquids--Category 1......   Chemically unstable gases
                                        Flammable Liquids--Category 2......   (Categories A & B) are now
                                        Flammable Liquids--Category 3......   included within the OSHA HCS
                                        Flammable Liquids--Category 4......   flammable gases hazard category.
                                                                              Report under the appropriate
                                                                              Flammable Gases--Chemically
                                                                              Unstable Gas hazard category.
                                                                               Separating the OSHA
                                                                              ``flammable'' hazard classes.
                                        Flammable Solids--Category 1.......   Including the OSHA
                                        Flammable Solids--Category 2.......   category for this physical hazard
                                                                              class from appendices B.2, B.3,
                                                                              B.6, and B.7 to create eighteen
                                                                              EPCRA hazard categories.
Combustible Dust......................  Combustible Dust...................   No changes
Corrosive to Metal....................  Corrosive to Metal--Category 1.....   Including the OSHA
                                                                              category for this physical hazard
                                                                              class from appendix B.16.
Not a Hazard Category in 2012.........  Desensitized Explosives--Category 1   New OSHA hazard class and
                                        Desensitized Explosives--Category     categories. Formerly reported
                                         2..                                  under Explosives hazard class.
                                        Desensitized Explosives--Category     Including the OSHA
                                         3..                                  categories for this physical
                                        Desensitized Explosives--Category     hazard from appendix B.17 to
                                         4..                                  create four EPCRA hazard
                                                                              categories.
Explosives............................  Explosives--Unstable...............   Desensitized explosives
                                        Explosives--Division 1.1...........   are no longer categorized as
                                        Explosives--Division 1.2...........   explosives they are now in the
                                        Explosives--Division 1.3...........   desensitized explosives hazard
                                        Explosives--Division 1.4...........   class.
                                        Explosives--Division 1.5...........   Including the OSHA
                                        Explosives--Division 1.6...........   categories for this physical
                                                                              hazard from appendix B.1 to create
                                                                              seven EPCRA hazard categories.
Gases Under Pressure (compressed gas).  Gas Under Pressure--Compressed Gas.   Including the OSHA
                                        Gas Under Pressure--Dissolved Gas..   categories for this physical
                                        Gas Under Pressure--Liquefied Gas..   hazard from appendix B.5 to create
                                        Gas Under Pressure--Refrigerated      four EPCRA hazard categories.
                                         liquefied gas..
In Contact With Water, Emits Flammable  In Contact With Water Emits           Including the OSHA
 Gases.                                  Flammable Gases--Category 1.         categories for this physical
                                        In Contact With Water Emits           hazard from appendix B.12 to
                                         Flammable Gases--Category 2..        create three EPCRA hazard
                                        In Contact With Water Emits           categories.
                                         Flammable Gases--Category 3..
Organic Peroxides.....................  Organic Peroxides--Type A..........   Including the OSHA
                                        Organic Peroxides--Type B..........   categories for this physical
                                        Organic Peroxides--Type C..........   hazard from appendix B.15 to
                                        Organic Peroxides--Type D..........   create seven EPCRA hazard
                                        Organic Peroxides--Type E..........   categories.
                                        Organic Peroxides--Type F..........
                                        Organic Peroxides--Type G..........
Oxidizer (liquid, solid, or gas)......  Oxidizing Gases--Category 1........   Separating the OSHA
                                                                              oxidizing hazard classes
                                        Oxidizing Liquids--Category 1......   Including the OSHA
                                        Oxidizing Liquids--Category 2......   categories for this physical
                                        Oxidizing Liquids--Category 3......   hazard from appendices B.4, B.13,
                                                                              and B14 to create seven EPCRA
                                                                              hazard categories.
                                        Oxidizing Solids--Category 1.......
                                        Oxidizing Solids--Category 2.......
                                        Oxidizing Solids--Category 3.......
Pyrophoric Gas........................  N/A: Not a hazard class in 2024       No longer an independent
                                         OSHA HCS.                            hazard class. Report under
                                                                              Flammable Gas.
Pyrophoric (liquid or solid)..........  Pyrophoric Liquids--Category 1.....   Separating the OSHA
                                        Pyrophoric Solids--Category 1......   pyrophoric physical hazard classes
                                                                              per appendices B.9 and B.10, to
                                                                              create two EPCRA hazard
                                                                              categories.
                                                                              Including the OSHA
                                                                              category for these physical hazard
                                                                              classes from appendices B.9 and
                                                                              B.10 to create two hazard
                                                                              categories.
Self-Heating Chemicals................  Self-Heating Chemicals--Category 1.   Including the OSHA
                                        Self-Heating Chemicals--Category 2.   categories for this physical
                                                                              hazard from appendix B.11 to
                                                                              create two EPCRA hazard
                                                                              categories.

[[Page 37033]]

 
Self-Reactive Chemicals...............  Self-Reactive Chemicals--Type A....   Including the OSHA
                                        Self-Reactive Chemicals--Type B....   categories for this physical
                                        Self-Reactive Chemicals--Type C....   hazard from appendix B.8 to create
                                        Self-Reactive Chemicals--Type D....   seven EPCRA hazard categories.
                                        Self-Reactive Chemicals--Type E....
                                        Self-Reactive Chemicals--Type F....
                                        Self-Reactive Chemicals--Type G....
Hazard Not Otherwise Classified (HNOC)  Hazard Not Otherwise Classified       No changes
                                         (HNOC).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. Definitions

1. Hazard Category
    EPA received one supporting comment regarding the definition for 
hazard category, including health hazard and physical hazard. In this 
action, the Agency is finalizing the proposed definition with revisions 
to add Hazards Not Otherwise Classified within the primary EPCRA 
definition of Hazard category and within the sub-definitions of Health 
hazard and Physical hazard to clarify that Hazards Not Otherwise 
Classified are EPCRA sections 311 and 312 hazard categories and for 
consistency with the OSHA HCS. This change was made in accordance with 
29 CFR 1910.1200 resultant of discussions with OSHA during interagency 
collaboration for this final rule. The following table compares the 
definition for Hazard category, including Health hazard and Physical 
hazard, between the 2016 EPCRA regulation and this final action, with 
the differences in bold.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 regulation [81 FR 38104] EPCRA     Adopting in this action EPCRA
 sections 311-312 42 U.S.C. 11021-    sections 311-312 42 U.S.C. 11021-
        11022 40 CFR 370.66                   11022 40 CFR 370.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hazard category is divided into two  Hazard category means the
 categories, health and physical      classification of a chemical's
 hazards:                             hazard(s) into classes with their
(1) Health hazard means a chemical    categories or hazards not
 which poses one of the following     otherwise classified as are
 hazardous effects:                   reported in Section 2 of SDSs in
 Carcinogenicity; acute toxicity      accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1200.
 (any route of exposure);             Hazard categories are divided by
 aspiration hazard; reproductive      hazard class into health and
 toxicity; germ cell mutagenicity;    physical hazards:
 skin corrosion or irritation;       (1) Health hazard means a chemical
 respiratory or skin sensitization;   that is classified into one of the
 serious eye damage or eye            following hazard classes or
 irritation; specific target organ    hazards not otherwise classified:
 toxicity (single or repeated         acute toxicity (oral, dermal, or
 exposure); simple asphyxiant; and    inhalation); aspiration hazard;
 hazard not otherwise classified      carcinogenicity; germ cell
 (HNOC)..                             mutagenicity; reproductive
(2) Physical hazard means a           toxicity; respiratory sensitizer;
 chemical which poses one of the      skin sensitizer; serious eye
 following hazardous effects:         damage/eye irritation; simple
 Flammable (gases, aerosols,          asphyxiant; skin corrosion or
 liquids or solids); gas under        irritation; specific target organ
 pressure; explosive; self-heating;   toxicity (single exposure) or
 pyrophoric (liquid or solid);        (repeated or prolonged exposure);
 pyrophoric gas; oxidizer (liquid,    and hazard not otherwise
 solid or gas); organic peroxide;     classified (HNOC).
 self-reactive; in contact with      (2) Physical hazard means a
 water emits flammable gas;           chemical that is classified into
 combustible dust; corrosive to       one of the following hazard
 metal; and hazard not otherwise      classes or hazards not otherwise
 classified (HNOC)..                  classified: aerosols; chemicals
                                      under pressure; combustible dust,
                                      corrosive to metal; desensitized
                                      explosive; explosives; flammable
                                      (gases, liquids, or solids); gas
                                      under pressure; in contact with
                                      water emits flammable gases;
                                      organic peroxides; oxidizing
                                      (gases, liquids, or solids);
                                      pyrophoric (liquids or solids);
                                      self-heating chemicals; self-
                                      reactive chemicals; and hazard not
                                      otherwise classified.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. (Material) Safety Data Sheet
    EPA received one comment supporting removal of the term Material 
Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). No other comments were received for this 
definition. Therefore, the Agency is finalizing the definition as 
proposed. The following table provides the current and revised 
definition of Safety Data Sheet, which are being moved from 40 CFR 
370.66 to Sec.  370.3 in this final action, with the modified language 
in bold.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 regulation [81 FR 38104] EPCRA     Adopting in this action EPCRA
 sections 311-312 42 U.S.C. 11021-    sections 311-312 42 U.S.C. 11021-
        11022 40 CFR 370.66                   11022 40 CFR 370.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Safety Data Sheet or SDS means the   Safety Data Sheet (SDS) means the
 sheet required to be developed       sheet required to be developed
 under 29 CFR 1910.1200(g). This      under 29 CFR 1910.1200(g). This
 term means the same as the term      term SDS replaces the term
 ``material safety data sheet or      ``material safety data sheet'' for
 MSDS'' defined in this section.      the name of the data sheet defined
                                      in the statute [42 U.S.C.
                                      11049(6)].
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 37034]]

3. Combustible Dust
    No comments were received regarding the 2024 OSHA definition of 
combustible dust at 29 CFR 1910.1200(c): ``Combustible dust means 
finely divided solid particulates of a substance or mixture that pose a 
flash-fire hazard or explosion hazard when dispersed in air or other 
oxidizing media.'' [89 FR 44272-44274; May 20, 2024] EPA notes that the 
2024 OSHA HCS definition of combustible dusts is applicable to 40 CFR 
part 370 by the existing reference to the OSHA HCS within the 
definition of hazardous chemical at 40 CFR 370.66. EPA is not making 
amendments to further incorporate this definition.
4. Location of Definitions in 40 CFR Part 370
    No comments were received regarding moving the definitions for this 
part from Sec. Sec.  370.66 to 370.3, amending the title of Sec.  370.3 
to be Definitions, amending the title of Sec.  370.66 to be [Reserved], 
or adding a note to Sec.  370.66 that the definitions are now in Sec.  
370.3. However, the Federal Register advised EPA that it is unable to 
add a note to reserved sections. Therefore, the Agency is finalizing 
these provisions as proposed, except that the note to Sec.  370.66 is 
being excluded.

C. Other Revisions to 40 CFR Part 370

    No comments were received for these proposed provisions. Therefore, 
the Agency is finalizing these amendments as proposed.

D. Burdens, Economics, and the Regulatory Process

    One commenter requested that the rule be delayed until EPA has 
completed the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) and Unfunded Mandates 
Reform Act (UMRA) analyses and OMB review. Specifically, this commenter 
stated that EPA should update its ICR burden estimate, publish UMRA and 
RFA analyses assessing these expenditures, and seem E.O. 12866 review. 
EPA completed the PRA, UMRA, and OMB reviews as required. The ICR 
burden estimate was sufficient and will be considered as part of the 
revisions ICR that was submitted for OMB approval. See sections IV.A., 
C., D., and E. for further information.
    A couple of commenters stated that the rule did not address the 
burden affiliated with updating custom software systems, guidance, and 
training materials. One of these commenters (representing industry) 
stated that the rule did not recognize the costs and burdens needed to 
provide additional time for states to update their custom software, 
training, and guidance. However, the Agency also received supporting 
comments from the state and local implementing agencies (via their 
association) which did not raise concerns about the costs or burdens of 
the rule. The EPA disagrees that it must include the state and facility 
costs for updating their custom software or for states to update 
guidance and training materials. Facilities and implementing agencies 
that develop custom tools may do so by choice, but this is not an 
obligation imposed by the rule. For compliance assistance, EPA 
publishes the EPCRA section 312 inventory reporting forms, offers 
training and educational materials, and provides software for 
facilities to report (i.e., Tier2 Submit) and for implementing agencies 
to manage their inventory reports (i.e., CAMEO Data Manager). See 
section III.A.5. above for further discussion.

E. Summary of revisions to 40 CFR Part 370

    On November 17, 2025, EPA published the now withdrawn direct final 
rule [90 FR 51187] and the parallel proposed rule [90 FR 51266]. On 
January 9, 2026, due to the receipt of adverse comment, EPA withdrew 
the direct final rule [91 FR 918]. Because the direct final rule did 
not become effective, the Agency is proceeding with a final rule based 
on the proposed rule. The following is a list of amendments being 
finalized in this action:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Citations                                       List of proposed amendments
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
40 CFR 370.....................................  -- Removes most uses of the term MSDS.
Sec.   370.1...................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
                                                 --Makes minor changes for clarity and consistency
Sec.   370.2...................................  -- Amends title for plain language and clarity
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for plain language and clarity
Sec.   370.3...................................  -- Amends title
                                                 -- Moves definitions here from Sec.   370.66
                                                 -- Removes the language which referred to Sec.   370.66 for
                                                  definitions
                                                 -- Capitalizes each letter of the term Extremely Hazardous
                                                  Substance
                                                 -- Amends the definitions for hazard category (including health
                                                  hazard and physical hazard) and safety data sheet as described
                                                  in this action
                                                 -- Removes the definition of Material Safety Data Sheet or MSDS
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for plain language, clarity, and
                                                  consistency to the following definitions: Indian Country,
                                                  person, SERC, and threshold planning quantity (TPQ)
Sec.   370.10..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
                                                 -- Adds a note to paragraph (a)
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for plain language, clarity, and
                                                  consistency
Sec.   370.12..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
Sec.   370.13..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
Sec.   370.14..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for plain language and consistency
Sec.   370.20..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
Centered heading...............................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
Sec.   370.30..................................  -- Amends to clarify that the hazard categories are as listed
                                                  in section 2 of the SDS
                                                 -- Removes use of the term MSDS
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for clarity and consistency
Sec.   370.31..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
Sec.   370.32..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for clarity and consistency
Sec.   370.33..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
                                                 -- Removes historic compliance date
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for plain language and clarity

[[Page 37035]]

 
Sec.   370.40..................................  -- Makes minor changes for plain language, clarity, and
                                                  consistency
Sec.   370.41..................................  -- Amends to clarify that the hazard categories are as listed
                                                  in section 2 of the SDS
                                                 -- Removal of historic clarifications for electronic reporting
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for plain language, clarity, and
                                                  consistency
Sec.   370.42..................................  -- Amends to clarify that the hazard categories are as listed
                                                  in section 2 of the SDS
                                                 -- Removal of historic clarifications for electronic reporting
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for plain language, clarity, and
                                                  consistency
Sec.   370.43..................................  -- Makes minor change for clarity and consistency
Sec.   370.44..................................  -- Makes minor change for clarity and consistency
Sec.   370.45..................................  -- Removal of historic compliance date
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for plain language, clarity, and
                                                  consistency
Sec.   370.60..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
                                                 -- Makes a minor change for plain language
Sec.   370.61..................................  -- Makes minor changes for plain language, clarity, and
                                                  consistency
Sec.   370.62..................................  -- Amends the title for consistency
                                                 -- Removes use of the term MSDS
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for clarity and consistency
Sec.   370.63..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
Sec.   370.64..................................  -- Removes use of the term MSDS
                                                 -- Makes minor changes for plain language, clarity, and
                                                  consistency
Sec.   370.65..................................  -- Amends the title with clarifying punctuation
Sec.   370.66..................................  -- Changes title to [Reserved]
                                                 -- Moves definitions to Sec.   370.3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Statutory and Executive Orders Reviews

    Additional information about these statutes and Executive Orders 
can be found at https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders.

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive 
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review

    This action is not a significant regulatory action and was 
therefore not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 
for review.

B. Executive Order 14192: Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation

    This action is considered an Executive Order 14192 deregulatory 
action. As described in EPA's Regulatory Impact Analysis for this 
action, the annualized cost savings of the final rule is estimated to 
be $12.83 million, expressed in 2025 dollars. For compliance with E.O. 
14192, this value is converted into 2024 dollars using the Bureau of 
Economic Analysis' GDP Price Deflator, resulting in annualized cost 
savings of $12.47 million expressed in 2024 dollars (annualized using 
7% discount rate and end-of-period discounting). Further, in compliance 
with E.O. 14192, the 2024-denominated annualized cost savings is 
discounted over a perpetual time horizon relative to a present value 
year of 2024 at a 7 percent discount rate. For regulatory accounting 
purposes under E.O. 14192, the estimated present value and annualized 
value of cost savings of this rule are $155.65 and $10.90 million, 
respectively (7% discount rate, 2024$, 2024 present value year, 
perpetuity time horizon). Details on the estimated cost savings of this 
final rule can be found in EPA's analysis of the potential costs and 
benefits associated with this action.

C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)

    The information collection activities in this rule have been 
submitted for approval to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 
under the PRA. The ICR document that the EPA prepared has been assigned 
EPA ICR number 1352.20. You can find a copy of the ICR in the docket 
for this rule and it is briefly summarized here. The information 
collection requirements are not enforceable until OMB approves them.
    This rulemaking action will conform the terminology used, and 
information that must be reported, on the hazardous chemical inventory 
forms to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's Hazard 
Communication Standard amendments of 2012 and 2024. This action is 
anticipated to result in burden reductions by removing interpretation 
burdens on facilities using the SDS to complete annual hazardous 
chemical inventory reports and reducing the burden to read and 
understand the regulations. Public comments were previously requested 
in the proposed rule [90 FR 51266; November 17, 2025] for this final 
action. These comments are addressed above in section III.D.
    Respondents/affected entities: Entities potentially affected by 
this ICR are manufacturers and non-manufacturers required to have 
available a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) under the OSHA HCS.
    Respondent's obligation to respond: Mandatory (sections 311 and 312 
of EPCRA).
    Estimated number of respondents: 465,692 facilities (total). This 
figure includes 3,052 LEPCs and SERCs.
    Frequency of response: Annual.
    Total estimated burden: 6,781,748 hours (per year, including LEPCs 
and SERCs). Burden is defined at 5 CFR 1320.03(b)
    Total estimated cost: $511,621,168 (per year), includes $2,007,713 
annualized capital or operation & maintenance costs.
    An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required 
to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a 
currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for the 
EPA's regulations in 40 CFR are listed in 40 CFR part 9. When OMB 
approves this ICR, the Agency will announce that approval in the 
Federal Register and publish a technical amendment to 40 CFR part 9 to 
display the OMB control number for the approved information collection 
activities contained in this final rule.

D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

    I certify that this action will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. In 
making this determination, the EPA concludes that the impact of concern 
for this rule is any significant adverse economic impact on small 
entities and that the agency is certifying that this rule will not have 
a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities 
because the rule relieves regulatory burden on the small entities 
subject to

[[Page 37036]]

the rule. This action is modifying the hazard categories used for the 
existing reporting requirements by directly incorporating the OSHA 
hazard categories as the EPCRA hazard categories which will streamline 
reporting, reduce the time burden for completing the reports, reduce 
confusion between Federal and international chemical hazard 
classifications, and allow direct data transfer from the OSHA HCS 
required SDSs to the EPCRA hazardous chemical inventory forms. We have 
therefore concluded that this action will relieve regulatory burden for 
all directly regulated small entities.

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)

    This action does not contain an unfunded mandate of $100 million 
(adjusted annually for inflation) or more (in 1995 dollars) as 
described in UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments. The action implements mandate(s) 
specifically and explicitly set forth in the EPCRA statute [42 U.S.C. 
Chapter 116] without the exercise of any policy discretion by the EPA.

F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have 
substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between 
the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power 
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.

G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments

    This action does not have Tribal implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13175. It will not have substantial direct effects on 
one or more Indian Tribes, on the relationship between the Federal 
Government and Indian Tribes, or on the distribution of power and 
responsibilities between the Federal Government and Indian Tribes. 
Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action.

H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Health Risks and Safety Risks

    EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those 
regulatory actions that concern environmental health or safety risks 
that EPA has reason to believe may disproportionately affect children, 
per the definition of ``covered regulatory action'' in section 2-202 of 
the Executive Order. Therefore, this action is not subject to Executive 
Order 13045 because it does not concern an environmental health risk or 
safety risk. Since this action does not concern human health, EPA's 
Policy on Children's Health also does not apply.

I. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution or Use

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211, because it is 
not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.

J. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA)

    This proposed rulemaking does not involve technical standards.

K. Congressional Review Act (CRA)

    This action is subject to the CRA, and the EPA will submit a rule 
report to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of 
the United States. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 
U.S.C. 804(2).

Endnotes

    1. National Tier II Data Standard: https://cameo.noaa.gov/epcra_tier2/data_standard/v1/.
    2. EPCRA Tier II Forms and Instructions: https://www.epa.gov/epcra/tier-ii-forms-and-instructions.
    3. Online training for the implementing agencies, planners, and 
responders: https://www.epa.gov/epcra/epcra-non-section-313-online-training-states-tribes-lepcs-local-planners-and-responders.
    4. National LEPC-TEPC Handbook: https://www.epa.gov/epcra/national-lepc-tepc-handbook.
    5. SERC Contact Information: https://www.epa.gov/epcra/state-emergency-response-commissions-contacts and https://www.epa.gov/epcra/state-tier-ii-reporting-requirements-and-procedures.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 370

    Environmental protection, Chemicals, Emergency preparedness, 
Hazardous substances, Occupational safety and health, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

Lee Zeldin,
Administrator.
    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, the EPA amends Title 40, 
Chapter I of the Code of Federal Regulations as follows:

0
1. Revise and republish part 370 to read as follows:

PART 370--HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL REPORTING: COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW

Sec.
Subpart A--General Information
370.1 What is the purpose of this part?
370.2 Who do the terms you, I, and your refer to in this part?
370.3 Definitions.
Subpart B--Who Must Comply
370.10 Who must comply with the hazardous chemical reporting 
requirements of this part?
370.11 [Reserved]
370.12 What hazardous chemicals must I report under this part?
370.13 What substances are exempt from these reporting requirements?
370.14 How do I report mixtures containing hazardous chemicals?
Subpart C--Reporting Requirements
370.20 What are the reporting requirements of this part?

How to Comply With SDS Reporting

370.30 What information must I provide and what format must I use?
370.31 Do I have to update the information?
370.32 To whom must I submit the information?
370.33 When must I submit the information?

How to Comply With Inventory Reporting

370.40 What information must I provide and what format must I use?
370.41 What is Tier I inventory information?
370.42 What is Tier II inventory information?
370.43 What codes are used to report Tier I and Tier II inventory 
information?
370.44 To whom must I submit the inventory information?
370.45 When must I submit the inventory information?
Subpart D--Community Access to Information
370.60 How does a person obtain SDS information about a specific 
facility?
370.61 How does a person obtain inventory information about a 
specific facility?
370.62 What information may a state or local official request from a 
facility?
370.63 What responsibilities do the SERC and LEPC have to make 
requested information available?
370.64 What information can I claim as trade secret or confidential?
370.65 Must I allow the local fire department to inspect my 
facility, and must I provide specific location information about 
hazardous chemicals at my facility?
370.66 [Reserved]

    Authority:  Sections 302, 311, 312, 322, 324, 325, 327, 328, and 
329 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act of 
1986 (EPCRA) (Pub. L. 99-499, 100 Stat. 1613, 42 U.S.C. 11002, 
11021, 11022, 11042, 11044, 11045, 11047, 11048, and 11049).

[[Page 37037]]

Subpart A--General Information


Sec.  370.1  What is the purpose of this part?

    (a) This part (40 CFR part 370) establishes reporting requirements 
for providing the public with important information on the hazardous 
chemicals in their communities. Reporting raises community awareness of 
chemical hazards and aids in the development of state and local 
emergency response plans. The reporting requirements established under 
this part consist of Safety Data Sheet (SDS) reporting and inventory 
reporting.
    (b) This part is written in a special format to make it easier to 
understand the regulatory requirements. Like other Environmental 
Protection Agency (EPA) regulations, this part establishes enforceable 
legal requirements. Information considered non-binding guidance under 
EPCRA is indicated in this regulation by the word ``note'' and a 
smaller typeface. Such notes are provided for information purposes only 
and are not considered legally binding under this part.


Sec.  370.2  Who do the terms you, I, and your refer to in this part?

    Throughout this part the terms you, I, and your refer to the owner 
or operator of a facility.


Sec.  370.3  Definitions.

    Chief Executive Officer of the Tribe means the person who is 
recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs as the chief elected 
administrative officer of the Tribe.
    Environment includes water, air, and land and the interrelationship 
that exists among and between water, air, and land and all living 
things.
    EPCRA means the Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act 
of 1986.
    Extremely Hazardous Substance (EHS) means a substance listed in 
appendices A and B of 40 CFR part 355.
    Facility means all buildings, equipment, structures, and other 
stationary items that are located on a single site or on contiguous or 
adjacent sites and that are owned or operated by the same person (or by 
any person that controls, is controlled by, or under common control 
with, such person). Facility includes manmade structures, as well as 
all natural structures in which chemicals are purposefully placed or 
removed through human means such that it functions as a containment 
structure for human use.
    Hazard category means the classification of a chemical's hazard(s) 
into classes with their categories or hazards not otherwise classified 
as are reported in Section 2 of SDSs in accordance with 29 CFR 
1910.1200. Hazard categories are divided by hazard class into health 
hazards and physical hazards:
    (1) Health hazard means a chemical that is classified into one of 
the following hazard classes or hazards not otherwise classified: acute 
toxicity (oral, dermal, or inhalation); aspiration hazard; 
carcinogenicity; germ cell mutagenicity; reproductive toxicity; 
respiratory sensitizer; skin sensitizer; serious eye damage/eye 
irritation; simple asphyxiant; skin corrosion or irritation; specific 
target organ toxicity (single exposure) or (repeated or prolonged 
exposure); and hazard not otherwise classified (HNOC).
    (2) Physical hazard means a chemical that is classified into one of 
the following hazard classes or hazards not otherwise classified: 
aerosols; chemicals under pressure; combustible dust; corrosive to 
metal; desensitized explosive; explosives; flammable (gases, liquids, 
or solids); gas under pressure; in contact with water emits flammable 
gases; organic peroxides; oxidizing (gases, liquids, or solids); 
pyrophoric (liquids or solids); self-heating chemicals; self-reactive 
chemicals; and hazard not otherwise classified (HNOC).
    Hazardous chemical means any hazardous chemical as defined under 29 
CFR 1910.1200(c), except that such term does not include:
    (1) Any food, food additive, color additive, drug, or cosmetic 
regulated by the Food and Drug Administration.
    (2) Any substance present as a solid in any manufactured item to 
the extent exposure to the substance does not occur under normal 
conditions of use.
    (3) Any substance to the extent it is used:
    (i) For personal, family, or household purposes, or is present in 
the same form and concentration as a product packaged for distribution 
and use by the general public. Present in the same form and 
concentration as a product packaged for distribution and use by the 
general public means a substance packaged in a similar manner and 
present in the same concentration as the substance when packaged for 
use by the general public, whether or not it is intended for 
distribution to the general public or used for the same purpose as when 
it is packaged for use by the general public;
    (ii) In a research laboratory or a hospital or other medical 
facility under the direct supervision of a technically qualified 
individual; or
    (iii) In routine agricultural operations or is a fertilizer held 
for sale by a retailer to the ultimate customer.
    Indian Country means Indian country as defined in 18 U.S.C. 1151 
as:
    (1) All land within the limits of any Indian reservation under the 
jurisdiction of the United States government, notwithstanding the 
issuance of any patent, and including rights-of-way running through the 
reservation;
    (2) All dependent Indian communities within the borders of the 
United States whether within the original or subsequently acquired 
territory thereof, and whether within or without the limits of a state; 
and
    (3) All Indian allotments, the Indian titles to which have not been 
extinguished, including rights-of-way running through the same.
    Indian Tribe or Tribe means those Tribes federally recognized by 
the Secretary of the Interior.
    Inventory form means the uniform Tier I and Tier II emergency and 
hazardous chemical inventory forms published by EPA. These forms can be 
used for reporting inventory information, as described in Sec. Sec.  
370.40 through 370.45.
    LEPC means the Local Emergency Planning Committee appointed by the 
State Emergency Response Commission.
    Mixture means mixture as defined under the Occupational Safety and 
Health Administration's Hazard Communication Standard in 29 CFR 
1910.1200(c).
    OSHA means the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
    Person means any individual, trust, firm, joint stock company, 
corporation (including a government corporation), partnership, 
association, state, municipality, commission, political subdivision of 
a state, or interstate body.
    Safety Data Sheet (SDS) means the sheet required to be developed 
under 29 CFR 1910.1200(g). The term SDS replaces the term ``material 
safety data sheet'' for the name of the data sheet defined in the 
statute (42 U.S.C. 11049(6)).
    SERC means the State Emergency Response Commission for the state in 
which the facility is located except when the facility is located in 
Indian Country, in which case, SERC means the Emergency Response 
Commission for the Tribe under whose jurisdiction the facility is 
located. In the absence of a SERC for a state or an Indian Tribe, the 
Governor or chief executive officer of the Tribe, respectively, shall 
be the SERC. Where there is a cooperative agreement between a state and 
a Tribe, the SERC shall be the entity identified in the agreement.
    State means any State of the United States, the District of 
Columbia, the

[[Page 37038]]

Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United States 
Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, any other territory or 
possession over which the United States has jurisdiction, and Indian 
Country.
    Threshold planning quantity (TPQ) means the quantity listed in the 
column ``threshold planning quantity'' for the EHSs listed in appendix 
A and B of 40 CFR part 355.

Subpart B--Who Must Comply


Sec.  370.10  Who must comply with the hazardous chemical reporting 
requirements of this part?

    (a) You must comply with the reporting requirements of this part if 
the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) Hazard 
Communication Standard (HCS) requires your facility to prepare or have 
available a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for a hazardous chemical and if 
either of the following conditions is met:
    Note 1 to paragraph (a) introductory text. OSHA's Material Safety 
Data Sheet or MSDS requirement was renamed to be the Safety Data Sheet 
or SDS requirement. The terms MSDS and SDS are synonymous. The EPCRA 
statutory MSDS requirements will be referred to as the SDS requirements 
within this regulation. (77 FR 17693; March 26, 2012)
    (1) A hazardous chemical that is an Extremely Hazardous Substance 
(EHS) is present at your facility at any one time in an amount equal to 
or greater than 500 pounds (227 kg--approximately 55 gallons) or the 
Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ), whichever is lower. EHSs and their 
TPQs are listed in appendices A and B of 40 CFR part 355.
    (2) A hazardous chemical that is not an EHS is present at your 
facility at any one time in an amount equal to or greater than the 
threshold level for that hazardous chemical. Threshold levels for such 
hazardous chemicals are:
    (i) For any hazardous chemical that does not meet the criteria in 
paragraph (a)(2)(ii) or (iii) of this section, the threshold level is 
10,000 pounds (or 4,540 kg).
    (ii) For gasoline at a retail gas station (For purposes of this 
part, retail gas station means a retail facility engaged in selling 
gasoline and/or diesel fuel principally to the public for motor vehicle 
use on land.), the threshold level is 75,000 gallons (approximately 
283,900 liters) (all grades combined). This threshold is only 
applicable for gasoline that was in tanks entirely underground and that 
were in compliance at all times during the preceding calendar year with 
all applicable Underground Storage Tank (UST) requirements at 40 CFR 
part 280 or requirements of the state UST program approved by the 
Agency under 40 CFR part 281.
    (iii) For diesel fuel at a retail gas station (For purposes of this 
part, retail gas station means a retail facility engaged in selling 
gasoline and/or diesel fuel principally to the public for motor vehicle 
use on land.), the threshold level is 100,000 gallons (approximately 
378,500 liters) (all grades combined). This threshold is only 
applicable for diesel fuel that was in tanks entirely underground and 
that were in compliance at all times during the preceding calendar year 
with all applicable UST requirements at 40 CFR part 280 or requirements 
of the state UST program approved by the Agency under 40 CFR part 281.
    (b) The threshold level for responding to the following requests is 
zero.
    (1) If your LEPC requests that you submit an SDS for a hazardous 
chemical for which you have not submitted an SDS to your LEPC; or
    (2) If your LEPC, SERC, or the fire department with jurisdiction 
over your facility requests that you submit Tier II information.


Sec.  370.11  [Reserved]


Sec.  370.12  What hazardous chemicals must I report under this part?

    (a) You must report any hazardous chemical for which you are 
required to prepare or have available an SDS under OSHA HCS that is 
present at your facility equal to or above the applicable threshold 
specified in Sec.  370.10. (specific exemptions from reporting are in 
Sec.  370.13)
    (b) The EPA has not issued a list of hazardous chemicals subject to 
reporting under this part. A substance is a hazardous chemical if it is 
required to have an SDS and meets the definition of hazardous chemical 
under the OSHA regulations found at 29 CFR 1910.1200(c).


Sec.  370.13  What substances are exempt from these reporting 
requirements?

    You do not have to report substances for which you are not required 
to have an SDS under the OSHA regulations or that are excluded from the 
definition of hazardous chemical under EPCRA section 311(e). Each of 
the following substances are excluded under EPCRA section 311(e):
    (a) Any food, food additive, color additive, drug, or cosmetic 
regulated by the Food and Drug Administration.
    (b) Any substance present as a solid in any manufactured item to 
the extent exposure to the substance does not occur under normal 
conditions of use.
    (c) Any substance to the extent it is used:
    (1) For personal, family, or household purposes, or is present in 
the same form and concentration as a product packaged for distribution 
and use by the general public. Present in the same form and 
concentration as a product packaged for distribution and use by the 
general public means a substance packaged in a similar manner and 
present in the same concentration as the substance when packaged for 
use by the general public, whether or not it is intended for 
distribution to the general public or used for the same purpose as when 
it is packaged for use by the general public;
    (2) In a research laboratory or hospital or other medical facility 
under the direct supervision of a technically qualified individual; or
    (3) In routine agricultural operations or is a fertilizer held for 
sale by a retailer to the ultimate customer.


Sec.  370.14  How do I report mixtures containing hazardous chemicals?

    (a) For a mixture containing a hazardous chemical, use the 
following table to determine if a reporting threshold is equaled or 
exceeded, and to determine how to report:

[[Page 37039]]



                        Table 1 to Paragraph (a)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               To determine if the    If the threshold
                               threshold level for     level for that
 If your mixture contains a      that hazardous      hazardous chemical
     hazardous chemical        chemical is equaled    is exceeded, then
                              or exceeded you must        you must
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) That is an EHS..........  Determine the total   Report the EHS
                               quantity of the EHS   component:
                               present throughout   Submit an SDS for
                               your facility at      the EHS as provided
                               any one time, by      under Sec.   370.30
                               adding together the   or include the EHS
                               quantities present    on the list of
                               as a component in     chemicals submitted
                               all mixtures and      in lieu of the SDS.
                               all other            And submit Tier I or
                               quantities of the     Tier II information
                               EHS.                  for the EHS as
                              You must include the   provided under Sec.
                               quantity present in     370.40.
                               a mixture even if    Or
                               you are also
                               counting the
                               quantity of that
                               particular mixture
                               toward the
                               threshold level for
                               that mixture..
                                                    Report the mixture
                                                     itself:
                                                    Submit an SDS for
                                                     the mixture as
                                                     provided under Sec.
                                                       370.30 or include
                                                     the mixture on the
                                                     list of chemicals
                                                     submitted in lieu
                                                     of the SDS.
                                                    And submit Tier I or
                                                     Tier II information
                                                     for the mixture as
                                                     provided under Sec.
                                                       370.40.
                                                    If you report the
                                                     mixture itself,
                                                     then provide the
                                                     total quantity of
                                                     that mixture
(2) That is not an EHS......  Determine either:...  Report the
                              The total quantity     non[dash]EHS
                               of the hazardous      hazardous chemical
                               chemical present      component:
                               throughout your      Submit an SDS for
                               facility at any one   the non[dash]EHS
                               time by adding        hazardous chemical
                               together the          as provided under
                               quantity present as   Sec.   370.30 or
                               a component in all    include the
                               mixtures and all      non[dash]EHS on the
                               other quantities of   list of chemicals
                               the hazardous         submitted in lieu
                               chemical.             of the SDS.
                              You must include the  And submit Tier I or
                               quantity present in   Tier II information
                               a mixture even if     for the
                               you are also          non[dash]EHS
                               applying that         hazardous chemical
                               particular mixture    as provided under
                               as a whole toward     Sec.   370.40.
                               the threshold level  Or
                               for that mixture.
                              Or..................
                              The total quantity    Report the mixture
                               of that mixture       itself:
                               present throughout   Submit an SDS for
                               your facility at      the mixture as
                               any one time.         provided under Sec.
                                                       370.30 or include
                                                     the mixture on the
                                                     list of chemicals
                                                     submitted in lieu
                                                     of SDS.
                                                    And submit Tier I or
                                                     Tier II information
                                                     for the mixture as
                                                     provided under Sec.
                                                       370.40.
                                                    If you report the
                                                     mixture itself,
                                                     then provide the
                                                     total quantity of
                                                     that mixture.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) For each specific mixture, the reporting option used must be 
consistent for both SDS and inventory reporting, unless it is not 
possible to do so. This means that if you report on a specific mixture 
as a whole for SDS reporting, you must report on that mixture as a 
whole for inventory reporting too (unless it is not possible). SDS 
reporting and inventory reporting are discussed in detail in subpart C 
of this part.
    (c) To determine the quantity of an EHS or a non-EHS hazardous 
chemical component present in a mixture, multiply the concentration of 
the hazardous chemical component (in weight percent) by the weight of 
the mixture (in pounds). You do not have to count a hazardous chemical 
present in a mixture if the concentration is less than or equal to 1%, 
or less than or equal to 0.1% for a carcinogenic chemical.

Subpart C--Reporting Requirements


Sec.  370.20  What are the reporting requirements of this part?

    The reporting requirements of this part consist of SDS reporting 
and inventory reporting. If you are the owner or operator of a facility 
subject to the reporting requirements of this part, then you must 
comply with both types of reporting requirements. SDS reporting 
requirements are addressed in Sec. Sec.  370.30 through 370.33. 
Inventory reporting requirements are addressed in Sec. Sec.  370.40 
through 370.45.

How to Comply With SDS Reporting


Sec.  370.30  What information must I provide and what format must I 
use?

    (a) You must report the hazardous chemicals present at your 
facility that meet or exceed the applicable threshold levels (threshold 
levels are in Sec.  370.10) by either:
    (1) Submitting an SDS for each hazardous chemical present at your 
facility that meet or exceed its applicable threshold level; or
    (2) Submitting a list of all hazardous chemicals present at your 
facility at or above the applicable threshold levels. The hazardous 
chemicals on your list must be grouped by the specific health and 
physical hazards as listed in section 2 of the SDSs. The list must 
contain the chemical or common name of each hazardous chemical as 
provided on the SDS.
    (b) Within 30 days of a request by the LEPC, as provided in Sec.  
370.10(b), you must also submit an SDS for any hazardous chemical 
present at your facility for which you have not submitted an SDS.


Sec.  370.31  Do I have to update the information?

    SDS reporting stated in Sec.  370.30 is a one-time requirement. 
However, you must update the information in all of the following ways:
    (a) Submit a revised SDS after you discover significant new 
information concerning a hazardous chemical for which an SDS was 
submitted.
    (b) Submit an SDS, or a list as described in Sec.  370.30(a), for 
any new hazardous chemical for which you become subject to these 
reporting requirements.
    (c) Submit, as requested by the LEPC, an SDS for any hazardous 
chemical present at your facility which you have not already submitted, 
as provided in Sec.  370.30(b).

[[Page 37040]]

Sec.  370.32  To whom must I submit the information?

    (a) You must submit an SDS or a list to the LEPC, SERC, and fire 
department with jurisdiction over your facility, as provided in Sec.  
370.30(a).
    (b) You must submit an SDS to the LEPC if requested, as provided in 
Sec.  370.30(b).


Sec.  370.33  When must I submit the information?

    (a) You must submit an SDS or a list, as provided in Sec.  
370.30(a), for a hazardous chemical subject to the reporting 
requirements of this part within three (3) months after you first 
become subject to the reporting requirements of this part, as provided 
in Sec. Sec.  370.30 and 370.31(b).
    (b) You must submit a revised SDS, as provided in Sec.  370.31(a), 
within three (3) months after discovering significant new information 
about a hazardous chemical for which an SDS was submitted.
    (c) You must submit an SDS requested by the LEPC, as provided in 
Sec. Sec.  370.30(b) and 370.31(c), within 30 days of receiving the 
request.

How to Comply With Inventory Reporting


Sec.  370.40  What information must I provide and what format must I 
use?

    (a) If you are required to comply with the hazardous chemical 
reporting requirements of this part, then by March 1 every year you 
must submit inventory information regarding any hazardous chemical 
present at your facility at any time during the previous calendar year 
in an amount equal to or in excess of its threshold level. Threshold 
levels are provided in Sec.  370.10.
    (b) Tier I information is the minimum information that you must 
report to be in compliance with the inventory reporting requirements of 
this part as described in Sec.  370.41. You may choose to report the 
Tier II information described in Sec.  370.42 for any hazardous 
chemical at your facility. You must submit Tier II information to the 
SERC, LEPC, or fire department with jurisdiction over your facility if 
they request it. EPA publishes Tier I and Tier II Inventory Forms that 
provide uniform formats for reporting the Tier I and Tier II 
information. You may use a state or local format for reporting 
inventory information if the state or local format contains at least 
the Tier I information described in Sec.  370.41. EPA's Tier I and Tier 
II forms are available at https://www.epa.gov/epcra.

    Note 1 to paragraph (b). Some states require Tier II information 
annually under state law.

    (c) You should contact the SERC to determine that state's 
requirements for inventory reporting formats, procedures, and to obtain 
inventory forms.


Sec.  370.41  What is Tier I inventory information?

    Tier I information provides state and local officials and the 
public with information on the general types and locations of hazardous 
chemicals present at your facility during the previous calendar year. 
The Tier I information is the minimum information that you must provide 
to be in compliance with the inventory reporting requirements of this 
part. If you are reporting Tier I information, you must report 
aggregate information on hazardous chemicals by hazard category. The 
hazard categories (physical and health hazards) are available on the 
Tier I form for you to select. The Tier I inventory form includes the 
following data elements:
    (a) The owner or operator or the officially designated 
representative of the owner or operator must certify that all 
information included in the Tier I submission is true, accurate, and 
complete as follows: ``I certify under penalty of law that I have 
personally examined and am familiar with the information and that based 
on my inquiry of those individuals responsible for obtaining the 
information, I believe that the submitted information is true, 
accurate, and complete.'' This certification shall be accompanied by 
your full name, official title, signature, date signed, and total 
number of pages in the submission including all attachments. All other 
pages must also contain your signature or signature stamp, the date you 
signed the certification, and the total number of pages in the 
submission.

    Note 1 to paragraph (a). Some states require electronic 
reporting and electronic certification. Contact your state for its 
specific requirements.

    (b) The calendar year for the reporting period.
    (c) An indication whether the information being reported on page 
one of the form is identical to that submitted last year.
    (d) The complete name and address of the location of your facility 
(include the full street address or state road, city, county, state, 
and zip code), latitude, and longitude.
    (e) An indication if the location of your facility is manned or 
unmanned.
    (f) An estimate of the maximum number of occupants present at any 
one time. If the location of your facility is unmanned, check the box 
marked N/A, not applicable.
    (g) The phone number of your facility (optional).
    (h) The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code 
for your facility.
    (i) The Dun & Bradstreet number of your facility.
    (j) Facility identification numbers assigned under the Toxic 
Release Inventory (TRI) and Risk Management Program. If your facility 
has not been assigned an identification number under these programs or 
if your facility is not subject to reporting under these programs, 
check the box marked N/A, not applicable.
    (k) An indication whether your facility is subject to the emergency 
planning notification requirement under EPCRA section 302, codified in 
40 CFR part 355.
    (l) An indication whether your facility is subject to the chemical 
accident prevention requirements under section 112(r) of the Clean Air 
Act, codified in 40 CFR part 68, also known as the Risk Management 
Program.
    (m) The name, mailing address, phone number, and email address of 
the owner or operator of the facility.
    (n) The name, mailing address, phone number, Dun & Bradstreet 
number, and email address of the facility's parent company. These are 
optional data elements.
    (o) The name, title, phone number, 24-hour phone number, and email 
address of the facility emergency coordinator, if applicable.

    Note 2 to paragraph (o). EPCRA section 303(d)(1) requires 
facilities subject to the emergency planning notification 
requirement under EPCRA section 302 to designate a facility 
representative who will participate in the local emergency planning 
process as a facility emergency coordinator. This includes 
additional facilities designated by the Governor or SERC under EPCRA 
section 302(b)(2). EPA encourages facilities not subject to the 
emergency planning notification requirement also to provide this 
information, if available, for effective emergency planning in your 
community.

    (p) The name, title, phone number, and email address of the person 
to contact for the information contained in the Tier I form.
    (q) The name, title, phone number, and email address of at least 
one local individual who can act as a referral if emergency responders 
need assistance in responding to a chemical accident at your facility. 
You must also provide an emergency phone number that will be available 
24 hours a day, every day.
    (r) An indication whether the information being reported on page 
two of the form is identical to that submitted last year.

[[Page 37041]]

    (s) An estimate (in ranges) of the maximum amount of hazardous 
chemicals in each hazard category present at your facility at any time 
during the preceding calendar year. You must use codes that correspond 
to different ranges. The range codes are provided in Sec.  370.43.
    (t) An estimate (in ranges) of the average daily amount of 
hazardous chemicals in each hazard category present at your facility 
during the preceding calendar year. You must use codes that correspond 
to different ranges. The range codes are provided in Sec.  370.43.
    (u) The maximum number of days that any single hazardous chemical 
within each hazard category was present at your facility during the 
reporting period.
    (v) The general location of hazardous chemicals in each hazard 
category within your facility. General locations should include the 
names or identification of buildings, tank fields, lots, sheds, or 
other such areas. You may also attach one or more of the following with 
your Tier I inventory form:
    (1) A site plan with site indicated for buildings, lots, areas, 
etc. throughout your facility.
    (2) A list of site coordinate abbreviations that correspond to 
buildings, lots, areas, etc., throughout your facility.
    (3) A description of dikes and other safeguard measures for storage 
locations throughout your facility.
    (w) An indication whether you are including any attachments 
(optional).


Sec.  370.42  What is Tier II inventory information?

    Tier II information provides state and local officials and the 
public with specific information on the amounts and locations of 
hazardous chemicals present at your facility during the previous 
calendar year. Some states may require you to use a state reporting 
format including electronic reporting and certification for submitting 
your hazardous chemical inventory. Contact your state for its specific 
requirements. The Tier II inventory form includes the following data 
elements:
    (a) The owner or operator or the officially designated 
representative of the owner or operator must certify that all 
information included in the Tier II submission is true, accurate, and 
complete as follows: ``I certify under penalty of law that I have 
personally examined and am familiar with the information and that based 
on my inquiry of those individuals responsible for obtaining the 
information, I believe that the submitted information is true, 
accurate, and complete.'' This certification must be accompanied by 
your full name, official title, signature, date signed, and total 
number of pages in the submission including all Confidential and Non-
Confidential Information Sheets and all attachments. All other pages 
must also contain your signature or signature stamp, the date you 
signed the certification, and the total number of pages in the 
submission.

    Note 1 to paragraph (a). Some states require electronic 
reporting and electronic certification. Contact your state for the 
specific requirements in that state.

    (b) The calendar year of the reporting period.
    (c) An indication whether the information being reported on page 
one of the form is identical to that submitted last year.
    (d) The complete name and address of the location of your facility 
(include the full street address or state road, city, county, state, 
and zip code), latitude, and longitude.
    (e) An indication if the location of your facility is manned or 
unmanned.
    (f) An estimate of the maximum number of occupants present at any 
one time. If the location of your facility is unmanned, check the box 
marked N/A, not applicable.
    (g) The phone number of your facility (optional).
    (h) The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code 
for your facility.
    (i) The Dun & Bradstreet number of your facility.
    (j) Facility identification numbers assigned under the Toxic 
Release Inventory (TRI) and Risk Management Program. If your facility 
has not been assigned an identification number under these programs or 
if your facility is not subject to reporting under these programs, 
check the box marked N/A, not applicable.
    (k) An indication if your facility is subject to the emergency 
planning notification requirement under section 302 of EPCRA, codified 
in 40 CFR part 355.
    (l) An indication whether your facility is subject to the chemical 
accident prevention requirements under section 112(r) of the Clean Air 
Act (CAA), codified in 40 CFR part 68, Chemical Accident Prevention 
Provisions, also known as the Risk Management Program.
    (m) The name, mailing address, phone number, and email address of 
the owner or operator of the facility.
    (n) The name, mailing address, phone number, Dun & Bradstreet 
number, and email address of the facility's parent company. These are 
optional data elements.
    (o) The name, title, phone number, 24-hour phone number, and email 
address of the facility emergency coordinator, if applicable.

    Note 2 to paragraph (o). EPCRA section 303(d)(1) of EPCRA 
requires facilities subject to the emergency planning notification 
requirement (including additional facilities designated by the 
Governor or SERC under EPCRA section 302(b)(2)) to designate a 
facility representative who will participate in the local emergency 
planning process as a facility emergency coordinator. This includes 
additional facilities designated by the Governor or SERC under EPCRA 
section 302(b)(2). EPA encourages facilities not subject to the 
emergency planning notification requirement also to provide this 
information, if available, for effective emergency planning in your 
community.

    (p) The name, title, phone number, and email address of the person 
to contact regarding information contained in the Tier II form.
    (q) The name, title, phone number and email address of at least one 
local individual who can act as a referral if emergency responders need 
assistance in responding to a chemical accident at your facility. You 
must also provide an emergency phone number that will be available 24 
hours a day, every day.
    (r) An indication whether the information being reported on page 
two of the form is identical to that submitted last year.
    (s) For each hazardous chemical that you are required to report, 
you must:
    (1) Provide the chemical name (or the common name of the chemical) 
as provided on the SDS and provide the Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) 
registry number of the chemical provided on the SDS.

    Note 3 to paragraph (s)(1). If you are withholding the name in 
accordance with trade secret criteria, you must provide the generic 
class or category that is structurally descriptive of the chemical 
and indicate that the name is withheld because of trade secrecy. 
Trade secret criteria are addressed in Sec.  370.64(a)

    (2) Indicate whether the chemical is a solid, liquid, or gas; and 
whether the chemical is an EHS.
    (3) If you are reporting a mixture, enter the mixture name, product 
name or trade name, and CAS registry number as provided on the SDS. If 
there is no CAS number provided or it is not known, check the box ``Not 
Available.''
    (4) If the mixture you are reporting contains EHS(s), provide the 
name of each EHS in the mixture. As provided in Sec.  370.14(a), you 
also have an option to report the non-EHS hazardous components in the 
mixture.

[[Page 37042]]

    (5) Indicate which hazard categories apply to the chemical or 
mixture. The hazard categories are available for you to select on the 
Tier II form and found in section 2 of the SDSs.
    (6) Provide an estimate (in ranges) of the maximum amount of the 
hazardous chemical present at your facility on any single day during 
the preceding calendar year. If you are reporting a mixture, provide an 
estimate of the total amount of the mixture present at your facility on 
any single day during the preceding calendar year. If the mixture 
contains any EHSs, provide the total amount of each EHS in that 
mixture. You must use the codes that correspond to different ranges. 
The amounts and associated range codes are in Sec.  370.43.
    (7) Provide an estimate (in ranges) of the average daily amount of 
the hazardous chemical present at your facility during the preceding 
calendar year. If you are reporting a mixture, provide an estimate of 
the average daily amount of the mixture. You must use the codes that 
correspond to different ranges. The amounts and associated range codes 
are in Sec.  370.43.
    (8) Provide the maximum number of days that the hazardous chemical 
or mixture was present at your facility during the preceding calendar 
year.
    (9) Provide the type of storage for the hazardous chemical or the 
mixture containing the hazardous chemical at your facility. Examples of 
types of storage: above-ground tank, plastic or non-metallic drum, 
steel drum, cylinder, rail car, etc.

    Note 4 to paragraph (s)(9). Your SERC or LEPC may have specific 
instructions for reporting types of storage and/or storage 
conditions.

    (10) Provide the storage conditions for the hazardous chemical or 
mixture containing the hazardous chemical at your facility. Examples 
for types of storage conditions: Ambient pressure, ambient temperature, 
less than ambient temperature/pressure, cryogenic conditions, etc.

    Note 5 to paragraph (s)(10). Your SERC or LEPC may have specific 
instructions for reporting types of storage and/or storage 
conditions.

    (11) Provide a brief description of the precise location(s) of the 
hazardous chemical(s) or mixture(s) at your facility. You may also 
attach one of the following with your Tier II inventory form:
    (i) A site plan with site coordinates indicated for buildings, 
lots, areas, etc. throughout your facility.
    (ii) A list of site coordinate abbreviations that correspond to 
buildings, lots, areas, etc., throughout your facility.
    (iii) A description of dikes and other safeguard measures for 
storage locations throughout your facility.
    (12) Under EPCRA section 324, you may choose to withhold from 
disclosure to the public the location information for a specific 
chemical. If you choose to withhold the location information from 
disclosure to the public, you must clearly indicate that the 
information is ``confidential.'' You must provide the confidential 
location information on a separate sheet from the other Tier II 
information (which will be disclosed to the public) and attach the 
Confidential Location Information Sheet to the other Tier II 
information. Indicate any attachments you are including.
    (13) You may provide additional reporting. For example, if your 
state or local agencies require you to provide inventory information on 
additional chemicals or if you wish to report any hazardous chemical 
below the reporting thresholds specified in Sec.  370.10, check the 
appropriate box.
    (t) An indication whether you are including any attachments 
(optional).


Sec.  370.43  What codes are used to report Tier I and Tier II 
inventory information?

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, you must 
use the following codes to report the maximum amount and average daily 
amount when reporting Tier I or Tier II inventory information:

                        Table 1 to Paragraph (a)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 Weight range in pounds
                  Range codes                  -------------------------
                                                    From          To
------------------------------------------------------------------------
01............................................            0           99
02............................................          100          499
03............................................          500          999
04............................................        1,000        4,999
05............................................        5,000        9,999
06............................................       10,000       24,999
07............................................       25,000       49,999
08............................................       50,000       74,999
09............................................       75,000       99,999
10............................................      100,000      499,999
11............................................      500,000      999,999
12............................................    1,000,000    9,999,999
13............................................   10,000,000          (*)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Greater than 10 million.


    Note 1 to paragraph (a). To convert gas or liquid volume to 
weight in pounds, multiply by an appropriate density factor.

    (b) Your SERC or LEPC may provide other range codes for reporting 
maximum amount and average daily amount or may require reporting of 
specific amounts. You may use your SERC's or LEPC's range codes (or 
specific amounts) provided the ranges are not broader than the ranges 
in paragraph (a) of this section.


Sec.  370.44  To whom must I submit the inventory information?

    You must submit the required inventory information to your SERC, 
LEPC, and the fire department with jurisdiction over your facility.


Sec.  370.45  When must I submit the inventory information?

    (a) You must submit the required inventory information on or before 
March 1st of each year after your facility becomes subject to this 
part. Your submission must contain the required inventory information 
on hazardous chemicals present at your facility during the preceding 
calendar year at or above the threshold levels. Threshold levels are in 
Sec.  370.10. The minimum required inventory information under EPCRA 
section 312 is Tier I information. Tier I information requirements are 
described in Sec.  370.41.
    (b) You must submit Tier II information within 30 days of the 
receipt of a request from the SERC, LEPC, or fire department with 
jurisdiction over your facility, as provided in Sec.  370.10(b). Tier 
II information requirements are described in Sec.  370.42.

Subpart D--Community Access to Information


Sec.  370.60  How does a person obtain SDS information about a specific 
facility?

    Any person may obtain an SDS for a specific facility by writing to 
the LEPC and asking for it.
    (a) If the LEPC has the SDS it must provide it to the person making 
the request.
    (b) If the LEPC does not have the SDS it must request it from the 
facility's owner or operator.


Sec.  370.61  How does a person obtain inventory information about a 
specific facility?

    (a) Any person may request Tier II information for a specific 
facility by writing to the SERC or LEPC.
    (1) If the SERC or LEPC has the Tier II information, the SERC or 
LEPC must provide it to the person making the request.
    (2) If the SERC or LEPC does not have the Tier II information, it 
must request it from the facility owner or operator in either of the 
following cases:
    (i) The person making the request is a state or local official 
acting in an official capacity.
    (ii) The request is for hazardous chemicals in amounts greater than 
10,000 pounds stored at the facility at

[[Page 37043]]

any time during the previous calendar year.
    (3) If the SERC or LEPC does not have the Tier II information, it 
may request it from the facility owner or operator when neither 
condition in paragraph (a)(2) of this section is met but the person's 
request includes a general statement of need.
    (b) A SERC or LEPC must respond to a request for Tier II 
information under this section within 45 days of receiving such a 
request.


Sec.  370.62  What information may a state or local official request 
from a facility?

    The LEPC may ask a facility owner or operator to submit an SDS for 
a hazardous chemical present at the facility. The SERC, LEPC, or fire 
department with jurisdiction over a facility may ask a facility owner 
or operator to submit Tier II information. The owner or operator must 
provide the SDS (unless the owner or operator has already submitted an 
SDS to the LEPC for that hazardous chemical) or Tier II information 
within 30 days of receipt of such request.


Sec.  370.63  What responsibilities do the SERC and LEPC have to make 
requested information available?

    Under this subpart, the SERC or LEPC must make the following 
information (except for confidential location information discussed in 
Sec.  370.64(b)) available if a person requests it:
    (a) All information obtained from an owner or operator in response 
to a request under this subpart.
    (b) Any requested Tier II information or SDS otherwise in 
possession of the SERC or the LEPC.


Sec.  370.64  What information can I claim as trade secret or 
confidential?

    (a) Trade secrets. You may be able to withhold the name of a 
specific chemical when submitting SDS reporting or inventory reporting 
information if that chemical name is claimed as a trade secret. The 
requirements for withholding trade secret information are set forth in 
EPCRA section 322 and implemented in 40 CFR part 350. If you are 
withholding the name of a specific chemical as a trade secret in 
accordance with trade secrecy requirements, you must report the generic 
class or category that is structurally descriptive of the chemical 
along with all other required information. You must also submit the 
withheld information to EPA and must adequately substantiate your 
claim. A Form for substantiating trade secret claims is available at 
the Agency website at https://www.epa.gov/epcra.
    (b) Confidential location information. You may request that the 
SERC and LEPC not disclose to the public the location of any specific 
chemical required to be submitted in Tier II information. If you make 
such a request, the SERC and LEPC must not disclose the location of the 
specific chemical. Although you may request that location information 
(with respect to a specific chemical) be withheld from the public, you 
may not withhold this information from the SERC, LEPC, and the local 
fire department. If you use the Tier II Form to report your inventory 
information, you can choose to report the confidential location 
information for the specific chemical on the Tier II Confidential 
Location Form and attach this form to the other Tier II information you 
are reporting. The Tier II Confidential Location Form is available on 
the Agency website at https://www.epa.gov/epcra.


Sec.  370.65  Must I allow the local fire department to inspect my 
facility, and must I provide specific location information about 
hazardous chemicals at my facility?

    If you are the owner or operator of a facility that has submitted 
inventory information under this part, you must comply with the 
following two requirements upon request by the fire department with 
jurisdiction over your facility:
    (a) You must allow the fire department to conduct an on-site 
inspection of your facility; and
    (b) You must provide the fire department with information about the 
specific locations of hazardous chemicals at your facility.


Sec.  370.66  [Reserved]

[FR Doc. 2026-12426 Filed 6-18-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P