[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 67 (Wednesday, April 8, 2026)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 17757-17762]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2026-06747]



========================================================================
Rules and Regulations
                                                Federal Register
________________________________________________________________________

This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains regulatory documents 
having general applicability and legal effect, most of which are keyed 
to and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations, which is published 
under 50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.

The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by the Superintendent of Documents. 

========================================================================


Federal Register / Vol. 91, No. 67 / Wednesday, April 8, 2026 / Rules 
and Regulations

[[Page 17757]]



NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

10 CFR Part 50

[NRC-2026-0166]
RIN 3150-AL63


The Sunset Rule--Aircraft Impact Assessment

AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

ACTION: Final rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is amending its 
regulations to insert a conditional sunset date for the requirements 
for aircraft impact assessment. This action is in response to Executive 
Order 14270, ``Zero-Based Regulatory Budgeting to Unleash American 
Energy.'' The NRC has considered public input received on a previous 
rulemaking to sunset NRC regulations and provides in this document the 
NRC's response to those public comments that the NRC has deemed 
significant and adverse.

DATES: The final rule is effective April 8, 2026.

ADDRESSES: Please refer to Docket ID NRC-2026-0166 when contacting the 
NRC about the availability of information for this action. You may 
obtain publicly available information related to this action by any of 
the following methods:
     Federal Rulemaking Website: Electronically at https://www.regulations.gov. Search for Docket ID NRC-2026-0166. Address 
questions about NRC dockets to Helen Chang; telephone: 301-415-3228; 
email: [email protected]. For technical questions, contact the 
individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of 
this document.
     NRC's Agencywide Documents Access and Management System 
(ADAMS): You may obtain publicly available documents online in the 
ADAMS Public Documents collection at https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html. To begin the search, select ``Begin ADAMS Public Search.'' 
For problems with ADAMS, please contact the NRC's Public Document Room 
(PDR) reference staff at 1-800-397-4209, at 301-415-4737, or by email 
to [email protected].
     NRC's PDR: The PDR, where you may examine and order copies 
of publicly available documents, is open by appointment. To make an 
appointment to visit the PDR, please send an email to 
[email protected] or call 1-800-397-4209 or 301-415-4737, between 8 
a.m. and 4 p.m. eastern time, Monday through Friday, except Federal 
holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Cindy Bladey, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory 
Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001; telephone: 301-415-3280; email: 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Table of Contents

I. Background
II. Executive Order 14270, ``Zero-Based Regulatory Budgeting to 
Unleash American Energy''
III. Aircraft Impact Assessment Regulations
IV. Public Comments
V. Regulatory Flexibility Certification
VI. Regulatory Analysis
VII. Backfitting and Issue Finality
VIII. Plain Writing
IX. National Environmental Policy Act
X. Paperwork Reduction Act Statement
XI. Regulatory Planning and Review
XII. Review Under E.O.s 14154, 14192, 14215, and 14300
XIII. Congressional Review Act
XIV. Availability of Documents

I. Background

    In response to Executive Order (E.O.) 14270, ``Zero-Based 
Regulatory Budgeting to Unleash American Energy,'' the NRC published a 
direct final rule, ``The Sunset Rule,'' in the Federal Register on 
December 3, 2025 (90 FR 55621). The direct final rule amended certain 
NRC regulations to insert a conditional sunset date. The rule included 
an amendment that would have established a conditional sunset date in 
the NRC's provisions for aircraft impact assessments (AIA) in section 
50.150, ``Aircraft impact assessment,'' in title 10 of the Code of 
Federal Regulations (10 CFR).
    As described in the direct final rule, if the NRC were to receive 
significant adverse comments by January 2, 2026, the NRC would withdraw 
the action and address the comments in a subsequent final rule. The NRC 
received 6 comment submissions on the amendment to sunset the AIA 
regulations that contained comments that NRC deemed are significant and 
adverse. Accordingly, in a document published on January 8, 2026 (91 FR 
553), the NRC withdrew the amendment to add a conditional sunset date 
to 10 CFR 50.150.
    In this action, the NRC responds to the significant adverse public 
comments received on the proposed rule, ``The Sunset Rule'' (90 FR 
55699; December 3, 2025). After additional consideration of these 
comments, the NRC re-evaluated its position and determined that it is 
appropriate to add a sunsetting clause in the NRC's AIA regulations at 
10 CFR 50.150. The NRC is issuing this final rule to amend its 
regulations to insert a conditional sunset date for the NRC's 
requirements for AIA at 10 CFR 50.150.

II. Executive Order 14270, ``Zero-Based Regulatory Budgeting to Unleash 
American Energy''

    Executive Order 14270 directs the NRC to issue a rule inserting a 
conditional sunset date into each of its regulations that are in effect 
as of the date of the E.O. (90 FR 15643; April 15, 2025) and were 
issued in whole or in part pursuant to the following statutes, as 
amended: the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, the Energy Reorganization Act 
of 1974, and the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982. The conditional 
sunset date for covered regulations is to be one year after the 
effective date of the sunset rule. The E.O. directs the NRC to issue a 
sunset rule ``to the extent consistent with applicable law'' and 
provides that the E.O. does not apply to ``regulatory permitting 
regimes authorized by statute.'' For purposes of implementing this 
E.O., regulations that provide standards and requirements for NRC 
license and permit holders or applicants constitute the NRC's 
``regulatory permitting regime.'' Thus, the scope of this rulemaking is 
generally limited to those regulations that do not fit into one or more 
of the following three categories: (1) regulations that could not be 
sunset ``consistent with applicable law'' because they are necessary to 
fulfill the NRC's statutory mandate to provide for the common defense 
and security and to protect public health

[[Page 17758]]

and safety; (2) regulations that are part of the NRC's ``regulatory 
permitting regimes authorized by statute''; or (3) regulations that do 
not implement one of the three NRC-specific statutes identified in the 
E.O. (e.g., regulations that implement government-wide requirements 
such as the Freedom of Information Act of 1969). The vast majority of 
the NRC's regulations fit into one of these three categories. 
Nonetheless, the NRC identified several regulations, including its AIA 
regulations at 10 CFR 50.150, that although they fall into one or more 
of these categories, they are not being used or no longer serve their 
original purpose and thus fall within the spirit and intent of the E.O. 
as ``outdated.''
    As stated in E.O. 14270, the sunsetting provision states a 
conditional sunset date that is one year after the effective date of 
this final rule and provides that, before that sunset date, the NRC 
will offer the public an opportunity to comment on the costs and 
benefits of the regulation that is being conditionally sunset. The NRC 
will issue a separate notice describing the comment opportunity after 
this final rule is effective. Following the opportunity for the public 
to comment on the sunset regulation's costs and benefits, the NRC may 
extend the conditional sunsetting date if warranted and may do so as 
many times as appropriate. However, if the NRC does not extend the 
conditional sunset date, then following the sunset date, the NRC will 
consider the sunset regulation to no longer be effective, will not seek 
to enforce it, and will remove the sunset regulation from the CFR and 
make necessary conforming changes.
    The President has directed the NRC to issue this zero-based 
regulating rule. Section 4(a) of E.O. 14270 states that ``each of the 
Covered Agencies shall issue a sunset rule,'' and further specifies the 
terms of that rule. Accordingly, the NRC lacks any discretion over 
whether to undertake this sunsetting rule. The President's direction 
provides an independent, and sufficient, justification for this 
rulemaking. However, the E.O. does not direct the NRC to rescind or 
reissue any particular regulation. The NRC retains its full authority 
to issue and repeal regulations under the three relevant statutes and 
their amendments. The President has directed only the manner in which 
the NRC is to review and sunset the relevant regulations.

III. Aircraft Impact Assessment Regulations

    The regulations in 10 CFR 50.150 are safety enhancements that are 
not necessary for the NRC to meet its statutory mission under the 
Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, to provide reasonable assurance 
of adequate protection of the public health and safety and provide for 
the common defense and security. When the AIA rule was promulgated in 
2009 (74 FR 28112; June 12, 2009) (the 2009 final rule), the NRC 
quantified the costs of the rule but did not quantify the benefits and 
concluded that the key qualitative benefit of the rule was an 
``improvement in knowledge'' of how a new reactor would address beyond-
design-basis hazards, such as a deliberate large aircraft impact. At 
the time, the NRC concluded that qualitative benefits outweighed the 
cost of the rule. However, as discussed in section IV.E, ``Cost/Benefit 
Analysis,'' of this document, several key assumptions have changed 
since the assessment was performed. As a result of those changes, it is 
not clear that the cost of implementation of the AIA rule is justified 
by the increase in safety provided by the rule.
    Subsequent to the issuance of the 2009 final rule, the NRC issued 
regulations that now require nuclear power plant license-related 
applicants to address aircraft impact hazards both inside and outside 
the design basis. For example, 10 CFR part 53, ``Risk-Informed, 
Technology-Inclusive Regulatory Framework for Commercial Nuclear 
Plants,'' requires a comprehensive risk assessment that illustrates the 
NRC's evolution in thought about how a newly licensed plant could 
address beyond-design-basis hazards. These concepts are discussed 
further in sections IV.B, ``Discussion of 10 CFR 50.155,'' and IV.C, 
``Discussion of 10 CFR part 53,'' of this document. Beyond changes to 
the NRC's regulatory framework, since 2009 there have been substantial 
increases in security at commercial aviation facilities as well as 
hardened access to aircraft cockpits, making the initiating event 
analyzed under 10 CFR 50.150 significantly less likely to occur.
    Currently operating facilities will not be affected by sunsetting 
this provision because the analyses required by 10 CFR 50.150 are 
incorporated into a plant's licensing basis. Any licensee-initiated 
change to the facility will be controlled through the change process in 
10 CFR 50.59, ``Changes, tests, and experiments,'' as discussed in the 
response to public comment in section IV.D of this document. Further, 
applicants for new reactor permits, licenses, and certifications still 
must assess hazards from aircraft accidents, as required by 10 CFR part 
100, ``Reactor Site Criteria,'' to determine whether these hazards 
should be considered within the design basis.\1\ Thus, while 10 CFR 
50.150 constituted part of the NRC's permitting regime authorized by 
statute, it is no longer needed. A sunset date will allow this outdated 
and duplicative regulation to roll off the books. At the same time, if 
evidence emerges in the interim indicating a continued need for this 
regulation, the agency can extend the sunset date as appropriate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ NRC guidance for reviewing aircraft hazards analyses in 
nuclear power plant license applications is provided in NUREG-0800, 
``Standard Review Plan for the Review of Safety Analysis Reports for 
Nuclear Power Plants: LWR Edition,'' Section 3.5.1.6, ``Aircraft 
Hazards,'' Revision 4 (ML100331298). This document describes the 
regulations that require the plant siting evaluation, including 10 
CFR part 100 and 10 CFR 52.79, ``Contents of applications; technical 
information in final safety analysis report'' and the considerations 
for incorporating aircraft impacts into the design basis.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Public Comments

    As discussed in the December 3, 2025, direct final rule, a 
significant adverse comment is a comment where the commenter explains 
why the rule would be inappropriate, including challenges to the rule's 
underlying premise or approach, or would be ineffective or unacceptable 
without a change.\2\ A comment is adverse and significant if:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \2\ Administrative Conference of the United States, Adoption of 
Recommendations, (60 FR 43108-43111; August 18, 1995).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (1) The comment opposes the rule and provides a reason sufficient 
to require a substantive response in a notice-and-comment process. For 
example, a substantive response is required when:
    (a) The comment causes the NRC to reevaluate (or reconsider) its 
position or conduct additional analysis;
    (b) The comment raises an issue serious enough to warrant a 
substantive response to clarify or complete the record; or
    (c) The comment raises a relevant issue that was not previously 
addressed or considered by the NRC.
    (2) The comment proposes a change or an addition to the rule, and 
it is apparent that the rule would be ineffective or unacceptable 
without incorporation of the change or addition.
    (3) The comment causes the NRC to make a change (other than 
editorial) to the rule.
    The NRC determined that 6 of the 15 public submissions received on 
the proposed rule contained comments on the AIA amendment that were 
deemed by NRC to be significant and adverse as they caused the NRC to 
re-evaluate its position. These comment submissions were provided by 3 
private citizens, 2

[[Page 17759]]

state agencies, and an academic organization and are available as shown 
in section XIV, ``Availability of Documents,'' of this document and on 
the Federal e-Rulemaking website at https://www.regulations.gov under 
Docket ID No. NRC-2025-0479.
    The NRC organized the comments into 5 categories. This section 
summarizes each category and provides the NRC's response.

A. Adequate Protection and Safety Enhancement

    One commenter expressed concern that adequate protection would not 
be maintained if 10 CFR 50.150 were eliminated.
    The NRC disagrees with this comment. In the preamble to the 2009 
final rule, the Commission stated that the rule was based both on 
enhanced public health and safety and enhanced common defense and 
security but was not necessary for adequate protection. Because the 
rule was not identified as necessary for adequate protection when 
promulgated, it is not necessary to address whether removal of the 
requirements maintains adequate protection, except as related to 
circumstances not considered in the initial issuance of the rule as 
described later in these comment responses.
    Multiple commenters discussed their concerns regarding the purpose 
of 10 CFR 50.150. Specifically, they claimed that the original basis 
for the rule was both an improvement in knowledge and to provide an 
enhanced level of protection beyond adequate protection, so the 
elimination of this requirement could weaken the safety standards.
    The NRC disagrees with these comments. The NRC acknowledges that 
sunsetting the AIA rule removes a requirement for some facilities to 
consider, at the design stage, the effects of intentional large 
commercial aircraft impact. However, applicants for new reactor 
permits, licenses, and certifications still must assess hazards from 
aircraft impacts, as required by 10 CFR part 100, to determine whether 
these hazards should be considered within the design basis. As 
discussed in the NRC's comment response in section IV.B of this 
document, paragraph (b)(2) of 10 CFR 50.155, ``Mitigation of beyond-
design-basis events,'' provides that fires and explosions such as those 
that could result from a large aircraft impact must be considered as 
beyond-design-basis events. Section 182 of the Atomic Energy Act of 
1954, as amended, states that the NRC regulates license applications to 
a standard of ``adequate protection to the health and safety of the 
public.'' As previously noted, the 2009 final rule was not found to be 
necessary for adequate protection. Accordingly, the NRC concludes that 
sunsetting the AIA rule would not result in a degradation of safety 
standards to a degree that adequate protection of public health and 
safety would not be maintained.

B. Discussion of 10 CFR 50.155

    Several commenters expressed concern over the discussion in the 
proposed rule regarding 10 CFR 50.155 and its use to justify sunsetting 
10 CFR 50.150. Specifically, commenters noted that 10 CFR 50.155 
addresses natural phenomena and the mitigation of the resulting fires 
and explosions, whereas 10 CFR 50.150 involves large commercial 
aircraft. In addition, commenters expressed concern that 10 CFR 50.155 
is not germane to the initial design of the reactor facility but rather 
focuses on after-the-fact response. Commenters stated that when 10 CFR 
50.155 was promulgated in 2019, it was intended to complement, not 
duplicate or supersede 10 CFR 50.150; therefore, 10 CFR 50.155 is not 
more comprehensive and cannot be credited in the NRC's reasoning for 
sunsetting 10 CFR 50.150.
    The NRC agrees, in part, and disagrees, in part, with the comments.
    The NRC disagrees that 10 CFR 50.155 only addresses natural 
phenomena. The requirements of 10 CFR 50.155(b)(1) address ``external 
events from natural phenomena.'' However, in the preamble for the 10 
CFR 50.155 final rule (84 FR 39684; August 9, 2019), the Commission 
explained that this language was ``meant to differentiate these 
requirements from those that previously existed in Sec.  50.54(hh)(2) 
that are now located in Sec.  50.155(b)(2), and which address beyond-
design-basis external events leading to loss of large areas of the 
plant due to explosions and fire.'' The Commission also stated that 
``[a]lthough the wording of Sec.  50.155(b)(2) differs from that of 
previous Sec.  50.54(hh)(2), no substantive change in the requirements 
is intended.'' As such, the requirements in 10 CFR 50.155(b)(2) to 
develop extensive damage mitigation guidelines (EDMGs) are intended to 
encompass a range of external events, including both natural and human-
induced phenomena.
    The Commission also noted that the EDMGs were maintained in the 
regulations because the conditions that necessitate the development of 
EDMGs may result from aircraft impact and a beyond-design-basis 
security event that could introduce kinetic energy into the spent fuel 
pool independent from the decay heat of the fuel. Thus, the 
requirements of 10 CFR 50.155(b)(2) are intended to specifically 
address losses of large areas of the facility caused by fires and 
explosions resulting from events such as aircraft impacts.
    The NRC agrees that 10 CFR 50.150 and 50.155 have slightly 
different objectives. 10 CFR 50.150 is intended to ensure certain 
large, commercial aircraft impacts are mitigated by design with reduced 
operator action, while 10 CFR 50.155 is intended to address mitigation 
of beyond-design-basis events through development and implementation of 
mitigation strategies, and was determined to be required to maintain 
adequate protection of public health and safety. However, as discussed 
in the previous comment responses, the requirements at 10 CFR 50.150 
are not needed to maintain reasonable assurance of adequate protection 
of public health and safety.

C. Discussion of 10 CFR Part 53

    Several commenters noted that the then-proposed 10 CFR part 53 had 
not yet been promulgated as a final rule and therefore could not 
support the argument to sunset 10 CFR 50.150.
    The NRC agrees, in part, and disagrees, in part, with the comment.
    The NRC agrees that the 10 CFR part 53 final rule had not been 
promulgated at the time the December 8, 2025, Sunset Rule was issued.
    However, the NRC disagrees that the risk-informed, performance-
based thinking in the then-proposed 10 CFR part 53 could not support 
the justification for sunsetting 10 CFR 50.150. Licenses issued under 
10 CFR parts 50 and 52 are largely based on deterministic analyses of 
the safety of the facility relying on the general design criteria in 
appendix A, ``General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants,'' to 10 
CFR part 50, ``Domestic Licensing of Production and Utilization 
Facilities.'' In contrast, under 10 CFR part 53, applicants are 
required to perform a comprehensive risk assessment of their reactor 
design to identify potential failures, susceptibility to internal and 
external hazards, and other contributing factors that could pose a risk 
to public health and safety. The reference to the proposed 10 CFR part 
53 in the Sunset Rule was intended to illustrate the evolution in 
thought about how newly licensed plants could address beyond-design-
basis hazards and can be used to inform current and future technical 
decisions, such as the decision to add a sunset provision to 10 CFR 
50.150. This is further illustrated by the agency's decision to remove 
the AIA requirement from the final 10 CFR part 53 rule language for the 
reasons discussed in

[[Page 17760]]

Section III and because part 53 applicants will have to consider how to 
mitigate the broader potential plant impacts that could result from an 
event such as the impact of a large aircraft.

D. Analysis Credited in Licensing Basis Under 10 CFR 50.59

    A commenter stated that the removal of 10 CFR 50.150 would allow 
licensees to remove the analyses being credited in the licensing bases 
under 10 CFR 50.59.
    The NRC agrees with the comment.
    The NRC agrees that removal of 10 CFR 50.150 would allow certain 
licensees to make changes to portions of their facilities' designs 
related to aircraft impacts, subject to the requirements of 10 CFR 
50.59. Section 50.59(c)(4) specifies that the provisions in 10 CFR 
50.59 do not apply to changes to the facility or procedures when the 
applicable regulations establish more specific criteria for 
accomplishing such changes. Section 50.150(c) provides such criteria 
for control of changes to the facility related to the AIA. Removal of 
10 CFR 50.150 would revert control of such changes to 10 CFR 50.59. The 
use of the well-established 10 CFR 50.59 change control process does 
not impact the proposal to insert a conditional sunset date in the AIA 
rule.
    The AIA analyses themselves are not required to be submitted to the 
NRC. The provisions of 10 CFR 50.150(b) require the preliminary or 
final safety analysis report (as applicable) to include only a 
description of (1) the design features and functional capabilities 
identified in 10 CFR 50.150(a)(1), and (2) how these design features 
and functional capabilities meet the assessment requirements of 10 CFR 
50.150(a)(1). Additionally, the 2009 final rule makes clear that the 
intent of the rule was to enhance the robustness of facilities to 
aircraft impacts at the design stage. The Commission stated in the 
final rule preamble that ``once the design features and functional 
capabilities for addressing an aircraft impact have been incorporated 
into a nuclear power plant's design, the goal of this final rule has 
been achieved in that consideration of aircraft impacts has been 
factored into the design.''
    The NRC notes that the 10 CFR 50.59 change control process does not 
allow licensees to change or remove portions of the facility or the 
final safety analysis report related to AIA without evaluation of the 
safety impacts under 10 CFR 50.59(c). The 10 CFR 50.59 process 
therefore provides reasonable assurance of adequate protection of 
public health and safety in the event a licensee decides to pursue 
facility changes following the sunsetting of the AIA rule.

E. Cost/Benefit Analysis

    Several commenters said that without a formal cost-benefit 
analysis, the AIA rule cannot be sunset.
    The NRC agrees with this comment.
    This final rule does not sunset the AIA rule; rather, this rule 
inserts a conditional sunset provision in 10 CFR 50.150, in accordance 
with E.O. 14270. Before the NRC takes regulatory action to remove the 
AIA regulations, the NRC will perform a full regulatory analysis and 
will request public comments on that cost-benefit analysis. After 
reviewing those comments, the NRC will determine whether to remove the 
AIA regulations from 10 CFR part 50.
    Several of the commenters took issue with the NRC's statement in 
the proposed rule that, if reconsidered today, the cost of 
implementation of the AIA rule would not be justified by the increase 
in safety for future reactors.
    The NRC agrees in part, and disagrees in part, with this comment.
    The NRC agrees that the NRC did not include details to support that 
statement in the proposed rule. However, the NRC reviewed the cost-
benefit analysis from the initial promulgation of the AIA rule and 
found several key assumptions have changed.
    One of the assumptions in the cost-benefit analysis for the 2009 
final rule was that the NRC considered it unlikely that a request for a 
new construction permit or operating license would be submitted to the 
NRC for approval during the next 20 years. However, since 2009, the NRC 
has received multiple additional applications for construction permits 
and combined licenses. A number of other applicants and pre-applicants 
have expressed interest in additional construction permit, operating 
license, and combined license applications.
    Additionally, due to the nature of the operating fleet and new 
reactor license reviews under way at the time the 2009 final rule was 
under development, the cost-benefit analysis for that rulemaking was 
focused on large, light-water reactor (LWR) designs. The large LWRs 
considered in the rulemaking featured robust containments that provide 
inherent protection against aircraft impacts, so the estimated costs 
were predominantly focused on the cost of performing the AIA and the 
associated NRC review. The new reactor landscape has changed 
significantly since 2009, with small modular reactors and advanced non-
light-water reactors playing a more significant role in the new 
reactors being pursued by industry. These reactor designs may eliminate 
or substantially reduce the potential for energetic releases that could 
expel radionuclides from the reactor. As a result of the low likelihood 
of release, these designs may not require a containment similar to that 
of large LWRs. While this may result in less inherent protection from 
aircraft impacts when compared to large LWRs, it is at least partially 
offset by increased inherent and passive safety in the design and 
smaller plant footprints. Nonetheless, the NRC expects the 
corresponding cost of incorporating protection against aircraft impacts 
into advanced reactor designs would be substantially greater than the 
costs considered in the original AIA rule. Considering the AIA rule was 
an enhancement to safety beyond what is needed for reasonable assurance 
of adequate protection and other regulations will continue to require 
applicants to address aircraft impact hazards both inside and outside 
the design basis as needed for adequate protection, as discussed in 
sections IV.A and B of this document, the NRC expects that the 
anticipated costs would not justify the safety benefit in the current 
reactor landscape.
    The NRC has concluded that these comments do not provide a basis to 
materially change the NRC's decision to provisionally sunset the AIA 
rule.

V. Regulatory Flexibility Certification

    Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 605(b)), the NRC 
certifies that this rule does not have a significant economic impact on 
a substantial number of small entities. This final rule affects only 
the licensing and operation of nuclear power plants. The companies that 
own these plants do not fall within the scope of the definition of 
``small entities'' set forth in the Regulatory Flexibility Act or the 
size standards established by the NRC (10 CFR 2.810).

VI. Regulatory Analysis

    Because the sunset rule is needed to implement E.O. 14270, and this 
rulemaking is an administrative activity, the NRC did not prepare a 
regulatory analysis.

VII. Backfitting and Issue Finality

    This final rule does not constitute backfitting as that term is 
defined in 10 CFR 50.109, ``Backfitting,'' or affect the issue finality 
of an approval issued under 10 CFR part 52, ``Licenses, Certifications, 
and Approvals for Nuclear Power Plants.'' This final rule inserts a 
conditional sunsetting provision in 10 CFR 50.150. This revision will 
not result in a modification of or addition to systems, structures, 
components, or design of a facility; or

[[Page 17761]]

the design approval or manufacturing license for a facility; or the 
procedures or organization required to design, construct or operate a 
facility, and therefore does not meet the definition of backfitting in 
10 CFR 50.109 or affect the issue finality of a 10 CFR part 52 
approval.

VIII. Plain Writing

    The Plain Writing Act of 2010 (Pub. L. 111-274) requires Federal 
agencies to write documents in a clear, concise, and well-organized 
manner. The NRC has written this document to be consistent with the 
Plain Writing Act as well as the Presidential Memorandum, ``Plain 
Language in Government Writing,'' published June 10, 1998 (63 FR 
31885).

IX. National Environmental Policy Act

    The NRC has determined that this final rule is the type of action 
described in 10 CFR 51.22(c)(2), which categorically excludes from 
environmental review rules that are corrective or of a minor, nonpolicy 
nature and do not substantially modify existing regulations. Therefore, 
neither an environmental impact statement nor environmental assessment 
has been prepared for this final rule.

X. Paperwork Reduction Act

    This final rule does not contain a collection of information as 
defined in the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) 
and, therefore, is not subject to the requirements of the Paperwork 
Reduction Act of 1995.

XI. Regulatory Planning and Review

Executive Order (E.O.) 12866

    The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) has 
determined that this final rule is not a significant regulatory action.

XII. Review Under E.O.s 14154, 14192, 14215, and 14300

    The NRC has examined this final rule and has determined that it is 
consistent with the policies and directives outlined in E.O. 14154, 
``Unleashing American Energy,'' E.O. 14192, ``Unleashing Prosperity 
Through Deregulation,'' E.O. 14215, ``Ensuring Accountability for All 
Agencies,'' and E.O. 14300, ``Ordering the Reform of the Nuclear 
Regulatory Commission.'' This final rule is considered an E.O. 14192 
deregulatory action.

XIII. Congressional Review Act

    This final rule is a rule as defined in the Congressional Review 
Act (5 U.S.C. 801-808). However, the Office of Management and Budget 
has found it does not meet the criteria at 5 U.S.C. 804(2).

XIV. Availability of Documents

    The documents identified in the following table are available to 
interested persons as indicated.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                          ADAMS accession No./Federal
               Document                        Register citation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notice, ``Adoption of                  60 FR 43108
 Recommendations,'' August 18, 1995.
Final Rule, ``Consideration of         74 FR 28112
 Aircraft Impacts for New Nuclear
 Power Reactors,'' June 12, 2009.
Final Rule, ``Mitigation of Beyond-    84 FR 39684
 Design-Basis Events,'' August 9,
 2019.
Direct Final Rule, ``The Sunset        90 FR 55621
 Rule,'' December 3, 2025.
Proposed Rule, ``The Sunset Rule,''    90 FR 55699
 December 3, 2025.
Notice, ``The Sunset Rule,'' January   91 FR 553
 8, 2026.
NUREG-0800, Chapter 3, SRP Section     ML100331298
 3.5.1.6, Reg. 4, ``Aircraft
 Hazards,'' March 9, 2010.
Executive Order 12866, ``Regulatory    58 FR 51735
 Planning and Review,'' October 4,
 1993.
Executive Order 14154, ``Unleashing    90 FR 8353
 American Energy,'' January 29, 2025.
Executive Order 14192, ``Unleashing    90 FR 9065
 Prosperity Through Deregulation,''
 February 6, 2025.
Executive Order 14215, ``Ensuring      90 FR 10447
 Accountability for All Agencies,''
 February 24, 2025.
Executive Order 14270, ``Zero-Based    90 FR 15643
 Regulatory Budgeting to Unleash
 American Energy,'' April 15, 2025.
Executive Order 14300, ``Ordering the  90 FR 22587
 Reform of the Nuclear Regulatory
 Commission, May 29, 2025.
Presidential Memorandum, ``Plain       63 FR 31885
 Language in Government Writing,''
 June 10, 1993.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             Public Comments
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comment No. 3, Fred Schofer, December  ML25349A140
 8, 2025.
Comment No. 6, Barry Quigley,          ML25364A101
 December 29, 2025.
Comment No. 7, Fred Dilger, State of   ML26002A007
 Nevada, January 2, 2026.
Comment No. 10, Jason Schwartz,        ML26002A076
 Institute for Policy Integrity,
 January 2, 2026.
Comment No. 11, Stewart Schneider,     ML26005A018
 January 2, 2026.
Comment No. 13, Alyese Peterson,       ML26008A119
 State of New York, January 2, 2026.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The NRC may post materials related to this document on the Federal 
rulemaking website at https://www.regulations.gov under Docket ID NRC-
2026-0166. In addition, the Federal rulemaking website allows members 
of the public to receive alerts when changes or additions occur in a 
docket folder. To subscribe: (1) navigate to the docket folder (NRC-
2026-0166); (2) click the ``Subscribe'' button; and (3) enter an email 
address and click on the ``Subscribe'' button.

List of Subjects for 10 CFR Part 50

    Administrative practice and procedure, Antitrust, Backfitting, 
Classified information, Criminal penalties, Education, Emergency 
planning, Fire prevention, Fire protection, Intergovernmental 
relations, Nuclear power plants and reactors, Penalties, Radiation 
protection, Reactor siting criteria, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Whistleblowing.

    For the reasons set out in the preamble and under the authority of 
the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended; the Energy Reorganization 
Act of 1974, as amended; and 5 U.S.C. 552 and 553, the NRC is adopting 
the following amendment to 10 CFR part 50.

PART 50--DOMESTIC LICENSING OF PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION 
FACILITIES

0
1. The authority citation for part 50 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  Atomic Energy Act of 1954, secs. 11, 101, 102, 103, 
104, 105, 108, 122, 147, 149, 161, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186,

[[Page 17762]]

187, 189, 223, 234 (42 U.S.C. 2014, 2131, 2132, 2133, 2134, 2135, 
2138, 2152, 2167, 2169, 2201, 2231, 2232, 2233, 2234, 2235, 2236, 
2237, 2239, 2273, 2282); Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, secs. 
201, 202, 206, 211 (42 U.S.C. 5841, 5842, 5846, 5851); Nuclear Waste 
Policy Act of 1982, sec. 306 (42 U.S.C. 10226); National 
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4332); 44 U.S.C. 3504 
note; Sec. 109, Pub. L. 96-295, 94 Stat. 783.


0
2. In Sec.  50.150, add paragraph (d) to read as follows:


Sec.  50.150   Aircraft impact assessment.

* * * * *
    (d) Sunsetting provisions. This section shall cease to have effect 
on April 8, 2027, unless the NRC determines that the cessation deadline 
should be extended to a date not more than 5 years in the future after 
offering the public an opportunity to provide input on the costs and 
benefits of this section and considering that input. The NRC will 
publish a document in the Federal Register announcing its determination 
and revising or removing this section accordingly.

    Dated: April 2, 2026.

    For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Michael King,
Executive Director for Operations.
[FR Doc. 2026-06747 Filed 4-7-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7590-01-P