[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 241 (Thursday, December 18, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 59127-59129]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-23252]


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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Food and Drug Administration

[Docket No. FDA-2023-D-4395]


Use of Real-World Evidence To Support Regulatory Decision-Making 
for Medical Devices; Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug 
Administration Staff; Availability

AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS.

ACTION: Notice of availability.

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SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA, the Agency, or we) is 
announcing the availability of a final guidance entitled ``Use of Real-
World Evidence to Support Regulatory Decision-Making for Medical 
Devices.'' FDA is issuing this guidance to clarify how FDA evaluates 
real-world data (RWD) to determine whether they are of sufficient 
quality for generating real-world evidence (RWE) that can be used in 
FDA regulatory decision-making for medical devices. This final guidance 
supersedes the final guidance, ``Use of Real-World Evidence to Support 
Regulatory Decision-Making for Medical Devices,'' issued August 31, 
2017, and provides expanded and updated recommendations.

DATES: The announcement of the guidance is published in the Federal 
Register on December 18, 2025.

ADDRESSES: You may submit either electronic or written comments on 
Agency guidances at any time as follows:

Electronic Submissions

    Submit electronic comments in the following way:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. 
Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Comments submitted 
electronically, including attachments, to https://www.regulations.gov 
will be posted to the docket unchanged. Because your comment will be 
made public, you are solely responsible for ensuring that your comment 
does not include any confidential information that you or a third party 
may not wish to be posted, such as medical information, your or anyone 
else's Social Security number, or confidential business information, 
such as a manufacturing process. Please note that if you include your 
name, contact information, or other information that identifies you in 
the body of your comments, that information will be posted on https://www.regulations.gov.
     If you want to submit a comment with confidential 
information that you do not wish to be made available to the public, 
submit the comment as a written/paper submission and in the manner 
detailed (see ``Written/Paper Submissions'' and ``Instructions'').

Written/Paper Submissions

    Submit written/paper submissions as follows:
     Mail/Hand Delivery/Courier (for written/paper 
submissions): Dockets Management Staff (HFA-305), Food and Drug 
Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
     For written/paper comments submitted to the Dockets 
Management Staff, FDA will post your comment, as well as any 
attachments, except for information submitted, marked and identified, 
as confidential, if submitted as detailed in ``Instructions.''
    Instructions: All submissions received must include the Docket No. 
FDA-2023-D-4395 for ``Use of Real-World Evidence to Support Regulatory 
Decision-Making for Medical Devices.'' Received comments will be placed 
in the docket and, except for those submitted as ``Confidential 
Submissions,'' publicly viewable at https://www.regulations.gov or at 
the Dockets Management Staff between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through 
Friday, 240-402-7500.
     Confidential Submissions--To submit a comment with 
confidential information that you do not wish to be made publicly 
available, submit your comments only as a written/paper submission. You 
should submit two copies total. One copy will include the information 
you claim to be confidential with a heading or cover note that states 
``THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.'' The Agency will 
review this copy, including the claimed confidential information, in 
its consideration of comments. The second copy, which will have the 
claimed confidential information redacted/blacked out, will be 
available for public viewing and posted on https://www.regulations.gov. 
Submit both copies to the Dockets Management Staff. If you do not wish 
your name and contact information to be made publicly available, you 
can provide this information on the cover sheet and not in the body of 
your comments and you must identify this information as 
``confidential.'' Any information marked as ``confidential'' will not 
be disclosed except in accordance with 21 CFR 10.20 and other 
applicable disclosure law. For more information about FDA's posting of 
comments to public dockets, see 80 FR 56469, September 18, 2015, or 
access the information at: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-09-18/pdf/2015-23389.pdf.
    Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or 
the electronic and written/paper comments received, go to https://www.regulations.gov and insert the docket number, found in brackets in 
the heading of this document, into the ``Search'' box and follow the 
prompts and/or go to the Dockets Management Staff, 5630 Fishers Lane, 
Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852, 240-402-7500.

[[Page 59128]]

    You may submit comments on any guidance at any time (see 21 CFR 
10.115(g)(5)).
    An electronic copy of the guidance document is available for 
download from the internet. See the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section 
for information on electronic access to the guidance. Submit written 
requests for a single hard copy of the guidance document entitled ``Use 
of Real-World Evidence to Support Regulatory Decision-Making for 
Medical Devices'' to the Office of Policy, Center for Devices and 
Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire 
Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. 5441, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002. Send one self-
addressed adhesive label to assist that office in processing your 
request.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Soma Kalb, Center for Devices and 
Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire 
Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. 318, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 301-796-6359; or 
Phillip Kurs, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and 
Drug Administration, 240-402-7911.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

    FDA is issuing this guidance to clarify how FDA evaluates RWD to 
determine whether they are of sufficient quality for generating RWE 
that can be used in FDA regulatory decision-making for medical devices. 
This guidance provides expanded and updated recommendations to the 2017 
guidance, ``Use of Real-World Evidence to Support Regulatory Decision-
Making for Medical Devices'' (the 2017 RWE Guidance) and supersedes the 
2017 RWE Guidance. On December 29, 2022, the Food and Drug Omnibus 
Reform Act of 2022 (FDORA) was signed into law as part of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, Public Law 117-328. Section 3629 
of FDORA ``Facilitating the Use of Real World Evidence'' directs FDA to 
issue or revise existing guidance on considerations for the use of RWD 
and RWE to support regulatory decision-making. FDA issued the draft 
guidance on December 19, 2023, to propose revisions to the 2017 RWE 
Guidance to satisfy the requirement under section 3629(a)(2), and is 
finalizing this guidance to fulfill a commitment in section V.F. of the 
Medical Device User Fee Amendments Performance Goals and Procedures, 
Fiscal Years 2023 Through 2027 (MDUFA V).
    This guidance includes FDA's recommendations and considerations on 
the factors that sponsors should assess to demonstrate whether the RWD 
are relevant and reliable for a particular regulatory decision relating 
to medical devices. These recommendations and considerations apply 
regardless of the RWD source and encompass processes for conducting 
studies to generate RWE. FDA recognizes that there may be other 
approaches to address the considerations identified in this guidance. 
We encourage sponsors to discuss their approach with FDA, especially if 
the approach diverges from the recommendations in this guidance.
    The topics covered within this guidance are framed specifically for 
the use of RWD/RWE in regulatory submissions. This guidance includes 
additional clarity regarding the recommended methodologies for 
collection and analysis of RWD to generate RWE, and provides updated 
examples on previously used and accepted methodologies. This guidance 
also provides additional clarity regarding the use of clinical data 
collected from the use of a device authorized under an Emergency Use 
Authorization (EUA) and describes the type of information that could be 
applicable to support a determination under the Clinical Laboratory 
Improvement Amendments (CLIA) (e.g., Waiver by Application).
    FDA recognizes and anticipates that the Agency and industry may 
need up to 60 days to perform activities to operationalize the 
recommendations within this final guidance. For regulatory submissions 
that will be currently pending with FDA after publication of this final 
guidance, as well as those submissions received within 60 days 
following publication of this final guidance, FDA generally does not 
anticipate that sponsors will be ready to include the newly recommended 
information outlined in this final guidance in their submission. FDA, 
however, intends to review any such information if submitted at any 
time.
    A notice of availability of the draft guidance appeared in the 
Federal Register of December 19, 2023 (88 FR 87782). FDA considered 
comments received and revised the guidance as appropriate in response 
to the comments, including clarifying the recommendations in the 
guidance. This included clarifications on the relevance and reliability 
assessment, updating examples of how RWE is used in regulatory 
decision-making for medical devices, and how the relevance and 
reliability assessment fits into existing benefit/risk frameworks.
    This guidance is being issued consistent with FDA's good guidance 
practices regulation (21 CFR 10.115). The guidance represents the 
current thinking of FDA on ``Use of Real-World Evidence to Support 
Regulatory Decision-Making for Medical Devices.'' It does not establish 
any rights for any person and is not binding on FDA or the public. You 
can use an alternative approach if it satisfies the requirements of the 
applicable statutes and regulations. FDA considered the applicability 
of Executive Order 14192, per OMB guidance in M-25-20, and finds this 
action to be deregulatory in nature.

II. Electronic Access

    Persons interested in obtaining a copy of the guidance may do so by 
downloading an electronic copy from the internet. A search capability 
for all Center for Devices and Radiological Health guidance documents 
is available at https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance/guidance-documents-medical-devices-and-radiation-emitting-products. This guidance document is also 
available at https://www.regulations.gov, https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents, or https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/guidance-compliance-regulatory-information-biologics. Persons unable to download an electronic copy of 
``Use of Real-World Evidence to Support Regulatory Decision-Making for 
Medical Devices'' may send an email request to [email protected] to receive an electronic copy of the document. 
Please use the document number GUI01500012 and complete title to 
identify the guidance you are requesting.

III. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

    While this guidance contains no new collection of information, it 
does refer to previously approved FDA collections of information. The 
previously approved collections of information are subject to review by 
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under the Paperwork Reduction 
Act of 1995 (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501-3521). The collections of information 
in the following table have been approved by OMB:

[[Page 59129]]



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     21 CFR part or guidance             Topic          OMB control No.
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807, subpart E..................  Premarket                    0910-0120
                                   notification.
814, subparts A through E.......  Premarket approval.          0910-0231
814, subpart H..................  Humanitarian Use             0910-0332
                                   Devices;
                                   Humanitarian
                                   Device Exemption.
812.............................  Investigational              0910-0078
                                   Device Exemption.
860, subpart D..................  De Novo                      0910-0844
                                   classification
                                   process.
822.............................  Postmarket                   0910-0449
                                   Surveillance of
                                   Medical Devices.
``Requests for Feedback and       Q-submissions and            0910-0756
 Meetings for Medical Device       Early Payor
 Submissions: The Q-Submission     Feedback Request
 Program''.                        Programs for
                                   Medical Devices.
``Administrative Procedures for   CLIA Administrative          0910-0607
 CLIA Categorization'' and         Procedures; CLIA
 ``Recommendations: Clinical       Waivers.
 Laboratory Improvement
 Amendments of 1988 (CLIA)
 Waiver Applications for
 Manufacturers of In Vitro
 Diagnostic Devices''.
800, 801, 809, and 830..........  Medical Device               0910-0485
                                   Labeling
                                   Regulations;
                                   Unique Device
                                   Identification.
803.............................  Medical Device               0910-0437
                                   Reporting.
50, 56..........................  Protection of Human          0910-0130
                                   Subjects and
                                   Institutional
                                   Review Boards.
601.............................  Biologics License            0910-0338
                                   Application.
860.............................  Reclassification             0910-0138
                                   Petition for
                                   Medical Devices.
``Emergency Use Authorization of  EUA................          0910-0595
 Medical Products and Related
 Authorities''.
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Lowell M. Zeta,
Acting Deputy Commissioner for Policy, Legislation, and International 
Affairs.
[FR Doc. 2025-23252 Filed 12-17-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4164-01-P