[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 220 (Tuesday, November 18, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 51613-51620]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-20085]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 39

[Docket No. FAA-2025-3438; Project Identifier AD-2025-01163-A]
RIN 2120-AA64


Airworthiness Directives; Twin Commander Aircraft LLC Airplanes

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).

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SUMMARY: The FAA proposes to adopt a new airworthiness directive (AD) 
for all Twin Commander Aircraft LLC (Twin Commander) Model 685, 690, 
690A, 690B, 690C, 690D, 695, and 695A airplanes. This proposed AD was 
prompted by reports of fatigue cracking affecting structural components 
within the fuselage and empennage structure. This proposed AD would 
require inspecting certain structural components within the fuselage 
and vertical stabilizer for any evidence of cracks, corrosion, or loose 
hardware, and inspecting the working fasteners at the diagonal braces 
of fuselage station (FS) 386 for cracks, elongation, or deformation; 
and depending on the results of the inspections, replacing with new 
parts or used parts or repairing, as applicable; and reporting 
inspection results to the FAA. The FAA is proposing this AD to address 
the unsafe condition on these products.

DATES: The FAA must receive comments on this proposed AD by January 2, 
2026.

ADDRESSES: You may send comments, using the procedures found in 14 CFR 
11.43 and 11.45, by any of the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to regulations.gov. Follow 
the instructions for submitting comments.
     Fax: (202) 493-2251.
     Mail: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket 
Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New 
Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590.
     Hand Delivery: Deliver to Mail address above between 9 
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
    AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under 
Docket No. FAA-2025-3438; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD 
docket contains this NPRM, any comments received, and other 
information. The street address for Docket Operations is listed above.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Lekebis Russell, Aviation Safety 
Engineer, FAA, 1701 Columbia Avenue, College Park, GA 30337; phone: 
(404) 474-5510; email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Comments Invited

    The FAA invites you to send any written relevant data, views, or 
arguments about this proposal. Send your comments using a method listed 
under the ADDRESSES section. Include ``Docket No. FAA-2025-3438; 
Project Identifier AD-2025-01163-A'' at the beginning of your comments. 
The most helpful comments reference a specific portion of the proposal, 
explain the reason for any recommended change, and include supporting 
data. The FAA

[[Page 51614]]

will consider all comments received by the closing date and may revise 
this proposal because of those comments.
    Except for Confidential Business Information (CBI) as described in 
the following paragraph, and other information as described in 14 CFR 
11.35, the FAA will post all comments received, without change, to 
regulations.gov, including any personal information you provide. The 
agency will also post a report summarizing each substantive verbal 
contact received about this NPRM.

Confidential Business Information

    CBI is commercial or financial information that is both customarily 
and actually treated as private by its owner. Under the Freedom of 
Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552), CBI is exempt from public 
disclosure. If your comments responsive to this NPRM contain commercial 
or financial information that is customarily treated as private, that 
you actually treat as private, and that is relevant or responsive to 
this NPRM, it is important that you clearly designate the submitted 
comments as CBI. Please mark each page of your submission containing 
CBI as ``PROPIN.'' The FAA will treat such marked submissions as 
confidential under the FOIA, and they will not be placed in the public 
docket of this NPRM. Submissions containing CBI should be sent to 
Lekebis Russell, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1701 Columbia Avenue, 
College Park, GA 30337. Any commentary that the FAA receives which is 
not specifically designated as CBI will be placed in the public docket 
for this rulemaking.

Background

    The FAA received reports of fatigue cracking throughout the 
fuselage and vertical stabilizer's structural components on Twin 
Commander Model 685, 690, 690A, 690B, 690C, 690D, 695, and 695A 
airplanes. The fatigue cracking was found in areas with insufficient 
access for inspections, which led to undetected crack development. 
Specifically, cracking was observed at FS 409, the vertical 
stabilizer's aft spar, the horizontal stabilizer's forward spar, and 
the vertical stabilizer skin.
    AD 95-13-02, Amendment 39-9283 (60 FR 32583, June 23, 1995) (AD 95-
13-02) was issued to address cracking in the vertical stabilizer. This 
AD requires initially inspecting the vertical stabilizer for cracks, 
modifying any cracked vertical stabilizer, and, if not cracked, either 
repetitively inspecting or modifying the vertical stabilizer, and 
allowed for terminating action through modification or repair. Since 
the issuance of AD 95-13-02, continued cracking has been observed at FS 
409. These findings show that previously implemented modifications in 
AD 95-13-02 did not provide an effective terminating action, along with 
the detection of additional cracking at FS 386 and FS 429 during later 
inspections. FS 386 and FS 429, where cracks were recently found, were 
not part of the inspections required by AD 95-13-02. Therefore, this 
proposed AD, while not superseding AD 95-13-02, addresses continued 
cracking in FS 409, including areas adjacent to prior repairs, by 
requiring inspections around repaired members, thereby complementing 
the ongoing requirements of AD 95-13-02.
    The FAA is proposing this AD to prevent the failure of the aft 
fuselage or empennage structural members. The unsafe conditions, if not 
addressed, could result in structural failure of the empennage, which 
could lead to loss of control of the airplane.

FAA's Determination

    The FAA is issuing this NPRM after determining that the unsafe 
condition described previously is likely to exist or develop on other 
products of the same type design.

Proposed AD Requirements in This NPRM

    This proposed AD would require inspecting certain structural 
components within the fuselage and vertical stabilizer for any evidence 
of cracks, corrosion, or loose hardware, and inspecting the working 
fasteners at the diagonal braces of FS 386 for cracks, elongation, or 
deformation; and depending on the results of the inspections, replacing 
with new parts or used parts or repairing, as applicable. This proposed 
AD would also require reporting the inspection results to the FAA.

Interim Action

    The FAA considers that this proposed AD would be an interim action. 
An investigation is ongoing, and the final corrective action has not 
yet been determined. Once corrective action has been determined, the 
FAA may consider additional rulemaking action.

Costs of Compliance

    The FAA estimates that this AD, if adopted as proposed, would 
affect 589 airplanes of U.S. registry.
    The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this proposed 
AD:

                                                 Estimated Costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                       Cost per    Cost on U.S.
                  Action                            Labor cost           Parts cost    product       operators
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Perform detailed visual inspection FS      60 work-hours x $85 per               $0       $5,100      $3,003,900
 386, 409, 429, and vertical stabilizer.    hour = $5,100.
Perform general visual inspection of       30 work-hours x $85 per                0        2,550       1,501,950
 empennage structure.                       hour = $2,550.
Report inspection findings...............  1 work-hour x $85 per hour             0           85          50,065
                                            = $85.
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    The extent of the fatigue cracking within the fuselage or empennage 
structural components may vary significantly from airplane to airplane. 
The FAA has no way to determine how much damage may be found on each 
airplane, the extent of the damage, the cost to repair the damaged 
areas (or replace the part, if needed), or the number of airplanes that 
might require repair or replacement.

Paperwork Reduction Act

    A federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not 
required to respond to, nor shall a person be subject to a penalty for 
failure to comply with a collection of information subject to the 
requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act unless that collection of 
information displays a currently valid OMB Control Number. The OMB 
Control Number for this information collection is 2120-0056. Public 
reporting for this collection of information is estimated to be 
approximately 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing 
instructions, searching existing data

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sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and 
reviewing the collection of information. All responses to this 
collection of information are mandatory. Send comments regarding this 
burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, 
including suggestions for reducing this burden, to: Information 
Collection Clearance Officer, Federal Aviation Administration, 10101 
Hillwood Parkway, Fort Worth, TX 76177-1524.

Authority for This Rulemaking

    Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to 
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the 
authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs, 
describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
    The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in 
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. 
Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight 
of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for 
practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary 
for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that 
authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to 
exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action.

Regulatory Findings

    The FAA determined that this proposed AD would not have federalism 
implications under Executive Order 13132. This proposed AD would not 
have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship 
between the national government and the States, or on the distribution 
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.
    For the reasons discussed above, I certify this proposed 
regulation:
    (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive 
Order 12866,
    (2) Would not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and
    (3) Would not have a significant economic impact, positive or 
negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria 
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39

    Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by 
reference, Safety.

The Proposed Amendment

    Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the 
Administrator, the FAA proposes to amend 14 CFR part 39 as follows:

PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES

0
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.


Sec.  39.13  [Amended]

0
2. The FAA amends Sec.  39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness 
directive:

Twin Commander Aircraft LLC: Docket No. FAA-2025-3438; Project 
Identifier AD-2025-01163-A.

(a) Comments Due Date

    The FAA must receive comments on this airworthiness directive 
(AD) by January 2, 2026.

(b) Affected ADs

    None.

(c) Applicability

    This AD applies to Twin Commander Aircraft LLC Model 685, 690, 
690A, 690B, 690C, 690D, 695, and 695A airplanes, all serial numbers, 
certificated in any category.

(d) Subject

    Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) Code 5500, Empennage 
Structure.

(e) Unsafe Condition

    This AD was prompted by reports of fatigue cracking affecting 
structural components within the fuselage and empennage structure. 
The FAA is issuing this AD to prevent the failure of the aft 
fuselage or empennage structural members. The unsafe condition, if 
not addressed, could result in structural failure of the empennage, 
which could lead to loss of control of the airplane.

(f) Compliance

    Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, 
unless already done.

(g) Required Actions

    (1) Within 50 hours time-in-service (TIS) after the effective 
date of this AD, thoroughly clean the empennage interior structure 
and perform the inspections in paragraphs (g)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii) 
of this AD.
    (i) A detailed visual inspection for cracks, corrosion, or loose 
hardware, using at least 10x magnification, and the figures provided 
in appendix 1 of this AD, at the locations identified in paragraphs 
(g)(1)(i)(A) through (P).

(A) Fuselage Station (FS) 386: Frame Web at each corner radius
(B) FS 386: Horizontal Brace Joggles
(C) FS 386: Frame Upper Cable Cutouts
(D) FS 386: Diagonal Braces
(E) FS 409: Horizontal Stabilizer Front Spar
(F) FS 409: Vertical Stabilizer Spar Web
(G) FS 409: Frame Web at each corner fillet radius
(H) FS 409: Frame Web below horizontal stabilizer spar
(I) FS 409: Frame Tangs attaching fuselage skin
(J) FS 409: Exterior Fuselage Skin at cutouts corners
(K) FS 409: Exterior Fuselage Skin at frame tang attachment
(L) FS 409: Vertical Stabilizer Spar Web Forward and Aft Clips
(M) FS 429: Aft Frame Channel and Web
(N) FS 429: Forward Channel attached to frame
(O) Vertical Stabilizer Skin: Repair Skin Doubler
(P) Vertical Stabilizer: Mid Spar Flange

    (ii) A detailed visual inspection for cracks, elongation, or 
deformation of the working fasteners at location (D) FS 386 diagonal 
braces, using at least 10x magnification.
    (iii) A general visual inspection of areas adjacent to the 
structures in paragraphs (g)(1)(i)(A) through (P) of this AD within 
the empennage structure for any evidence of cracks, corrosion, or 
loose hardware. Additional access or teardown is not required for 
this inspection.
    (iv) For inspections required by paragraph (g)(1)(i), (ii), and 
(iii) of this AD, it is satisfactory to inspect the immediate area 
adjacent to previously installed repairs for any cracking, or 
corrosion, or loose hardware. Repairs or modifications previously 
installed will not be required to be removed from the airplane 
unless damage is found.
    Note 1 to paragraph (g)(1): Paragraph 5-18, Visual Inspection 
Procedures, of Chapter 5, Nondestructive Inspection (NDI), Section 
2, Visual Inspection, of FAA Advisory Circular 43.13-1B, 
``Acceptable Methods, Techniques, and Practices--Aircraft Inspection 
and Repair,'' Change 1, dated September 8, 1998; with Editorial 
Update dated September 27, 2001, provides guidance on performing 
visual inspections.
    (2) If, during the inspections required by paragraph (g)(1)(i), 
(ii), or (iii)of this AD, any evidence of cracks, corrosion, or 
loose hardware is found at FS 386, or FS 409, or FS 429 or the 
vertical stabilizer or cracks, elongation, or deformation are found 
to the holes of the working fasteners at the diagonal braces of FS 
386, before further flight, replace with new parts with zero hours 
TIS or used parts that have been inspected per paragraphs (g)(1)(i), 
(ii), and (iii) of this AD and found to be free of cracks corrosion, 
or loose hardware, or repair using a method approved by the Manager, 
East Certification Branch, FAA. For a repair method to be approved 
by the Manager, East Certification Branch, FAA as required by this 
paragraph, the Manager's approval letter must specifically refer to 
this AD.
    Note 2 to paragraph (g)(2): If a repair in FS 409 is necessary, 
then an alternative method of compliance would also be necessary in 
this area for those doing repetitive inspections in accordance with 
AD 95-13-02; Amendment 39-9283; (87 FR 32583; June 23, 1995) per 14 
CFR 39.17. This would include if a repair was necessary that was 
different than that required by AD 95-13-02.

[[Page 51616]]

(h) Reporting Requirement

    Within 30 days after performing the inspections required by 
paragraphs (g)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii) of this AD or within 30 days 
after the effective date of this AD, whichever occurs later, report 
the results of the inspections, including no findings, to the FAA at 
[email protected]. The report must include the following:
    (1) The name and address of owner;
    (2) The date of the inspection;
    (3) The name, address, telephone number, and email address of 
person submitting the report;
    (4) The airplane serial number, registration number, total 
flight hours, flight hours during the last 12 months, airplane usage 
(e.g., 14 CFR part 91/135--general, forest service, fire attack 
roles, low aerial survey, etc.);
    (5) The flight hours of any usage under forest service, fire 
attack roles, or aerial survey (nonstandard usage).
    (6) A description of cracks, corrosion, or loose hardware of the 
fuselage structure or vertical stabilizer or cracks, elongation, or 
deformation of the working fasteners at the diagonal braces of FS 
386. Include affected structure, dimensions, including length and 
location.

(i) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)

    (1) The Manager, East Certification Branch, FAA, has the 
authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the 
procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, 
send your request to your principal inspector or local Flight 
Standards District Office, as appropriate. If sending information 
directly to the manager of the East Certification Branch, send it to 
the attention of the person identified in paragraph (j)(1) of this 
AD and email to: [email protected].
    (2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate 
principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager 
of the local flight standards district office/certificate holding 
district office.

(j) Additional Information

    (1) For more information about this AD, contact Lekebis Russell, 
Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1701 Columbia Avenue, College Park, 
GA 30337; phone: (404) 474-5510; email: [email protected].
    (2) FAA Advisory Circular 43.13-1B, ``Acceptable Methods, 
Techniques, and Practices--Aircraft Inspection and Repair,'' Change 
1, dated September 8, 1998; with Editorial Update dated September 
27, 2001, may be found at drs.faa.gov.

(k) Material Incorporated by Reference

    None.
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

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Appendix 1 to Docket FAA-2025-3438
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18NO25.029

Figure 1 to Appendix 1

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Appendix 1 to Docket FAA-2025-3438
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18NO25.030

Figure 2 to Appendix 1

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Appendix 1 to Docket FAA-2025-3438
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18NO25.031

Figure 3 to Appendix 1

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Appendix 1 to Docket FAA-2025-3438
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18NO25.032

Figure 4 to Appendix 1

    Issued on November 13, 2025.
Steven W. Thompson,
Acting Deputy Director, Compliance & Airworthiness Division, Aircraft 
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2025-20085 Filed 11-17-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-C