[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 217 (Thursday, November 13, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 50923-50937]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-19882]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 705

[EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0549; FRL-7902.3-01-OCSPP]
RIN 2070-AL29


Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Data 
Reporting and Recordkeeping Under the Toxic Substances Control Act 
(TSCA); Revision to Regulation

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or Agency) is 
proposing amendments to the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) 
regulation for reporting and recordkeeping requirements for 
perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). As promulgated in 
October 2023, the regulation requires manufacturers (including 
importers) of PFAS in any year between 2011-2022 to report certain data 
to EPA related to exposure and environmental and health effects. EPA is 
proposing to incorporate certain exemptions and other modifications to 
the scope of the reporting regulation. These exemptions would maintain 
important reporting on PFAS, consistent with statutory requirements, 
while exempting reporting on activities about which manufacturers are 
least likely to know or reasonably ascertain.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before December 29, 2025. 
Comments on the information collection provisions of this proposed rule 
under the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) must be received by the Office 
of Management and Budget's Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs 
(OMB-OIRA) on or before December 15, 2025. Please refer to the PRA 
section under ``Statutory and Executive Order Reviews'' in this 
preamble for specific instructions.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by docket identification 
(ID) number EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0549, through the Federal eRulemaking 
Portal at https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions 
for submitting comments. Do not submit electronically any information 
you consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other 
information for which disclosure is restricted by statute. Additional 
instructions on commenting or visiting the docket, along with more 
information about dockets generally, is available at https://www.epa.gov/dockets.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 
    For technical information contact: Megan Nelson, Chemical 
Information, Prioritization, and Toxics Release Inventory Division 
(7406M), Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Environmental 
Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20460-
0001; telephone number: (202) 498-1248; email address: 
[email protected].
    For general information contact: The TSCA Assistance Information 
Service Hotline, Goodwill Vision Enterprises, 422 South Clinton Ave., 
Rochester, NY 14620; telephone number: (202) 554-1404; email address: 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Executive Summary

A. Does this action apply to me?

    This action may apply to you if you have manufactured (defined by 
statute at 15 U.S.C. 2602(9) to include import) PFAS for a commercial 
purpose at any time from January 1, 2011, through December 31, 2022. 
The following list of North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS) codes is not intended to be exhaustive but rather provides a 
guide to help readers determine whether this document applies to them. 
Potentially affected entities may include:
     Utilities (NAICS code 22);
     Manufacturing (NAICS codes 31 through 33);
     Wholesale trade (NAICS code 42); and
     Waste management and remediation services (NAICS code 
562).
    This list details the types of entities EPA is currently aware 
could potentially be impacted by this action. Other types of entities 
could also be impacted. To determine whether your entity is impacted by 
this action, please examine the applicability criteria found in 40 CFR 
705.10 and 705.12. If you have questions regarding the applicability of 
this action to a particular entity, consult the person listed in the 
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
    Any use of the term ``PFAS'' or ``perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl 
substance'' refers to chemical substances that meet the structural 
definition of PFAS codified at 40 CFR 705.3. PFAS is defined as 
including at least one of these three structures:
     R-(CF2)-CF(R' )R'', where both the 
CF2 and CF moieties are saturated carbons;
     R-CF2OCF2-R', where R and R' can 
either be F, O, or saturated carbons; and
     CF3C(CF3)R'-R'', where R' and R'' 
can either be F or saturated carbons.
    For a more thorough discussion of the chemical substances included 
in this rule, please see Unit III.A of the final rule (88 FR 70516, 
October 11, 2023) (FRL-7902-02-OCSPP).
    This rule does not require reporting on substances that are 
excluded from the definition of ``chemical substance'' in TSCA section 
3(2)(B). Those exclusions include, but are not limited to: any 
pesticide (as defined by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and 
Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)) when manufactured, processed, or distributed 
in commerce for use as a pesticide; any food, food additive, drug, 
cosmetic, or device, as defined by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
Act (FFDCA), when manufactured, processed, or distributed in commerce 
for use as a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic or device; tobacco or 
any tobacco product; any source material, special nuclear material, or 
byproduct material as such terms are defined in the Atomic Energy Act 
of 1954 (AEA); or, any article the sale of which is subject to the tax 
imposed by section 4181 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954. A PFAS 
may be considered a ``chemical substance'' as defined under TSCA for 
some, but not all, uses of the PFAS. Some uses may be excluded from the 
definition of ``chemical substance,'' as outlined under TSCA section 
3(2)(B). PFAS

[[Page 50924]]

considered to be a ``chemical substance'' pursuant to the TSCA 
definition may require reporting for such uses.

B. What is the Agency's authority for taking this action?

    As with the final rule published in the Federal Register on October 
11, 2023 (88 FR 70516) (FRL-7902-02-OCSPP), and direct final amendment 
published on September 5, 2024 (89 FR 72336) (FRL-7902.1-02-OCSPP), EPA 
is proposing this rule pursuant to its authority in TSCA section 
8(a)(7) (15 U.S.C. 2607(a)(7)). The National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2020 (NDAA) (Pub. L. 116-92, section 7351) amended TSCA 
section 8(a) in December 2019, adding TSCA section 8(a)(7), titled 
``PFAS Data.'' TSCA section 8(a)(7) requires EPA to promulgate a rule 
``requiring each person who has manufactured a chemical substance that 
is a [PFAS] in any year since January 1, 2011'' to report information 
described in TSCA section 8(a)(2)(A) through (G). TSCA section 
8(a)(2)(A) through (G) includes a broad range of information, such as 
information related to chemical identity and structure, production, 
use, byproducts, exposure, disposal, and health and environmental 
effects.
    EPA has authority to reconsider and revise previous decisions and 
to revise, replace, or repeal a decision to the extent permitted by law 
and supported by reasoned explanation. See FCC v. Fox Television 
Stations, Inc., 556 U.S. 502, 515 (2009); see also Motor Vehicle Mfrs. 
Ass'n v. State Farm Mutual Auto. Ins. Co., 463 U.S. 29, 42 (1983); see 
also FDA v. Wages and White Lion Investments, LLC, 145 S. Ct. 898 
(2025). In other words, unless provided otherwise by statute, an agency 
may revise or rescind prior actions so long as it acknowledges the 
change in position, provides a reasonable explanation for the new 
position, and considers legitimate reliance interests in the prior 
position.

C. What action is the Agency taking?

    EPA is proposing to amend the one-time PFAS reporting and 
recordkeeping regulation finalized on October 11, 2023 (88 FR 70516) 
(FRL-7902-02-OCSPP) to incorporate the following exemptions to the 
scope of reportable manufacturing activities: a de minimis exemption of 
0.1%; imported articles; byproducts; impurities; research and 
development (R&D); and non-isolated intermediates. The Agency is 
further proposing technical corrections to the reporting requirements 
for the purpose of clarifying what must be reported in certain data 
fields and to adjust the data submission period of the reporting 
regulation. While EPA is proposing no other amendments to the scope of 
the regulation, including to the period for which reporting is 
required, the Agency is also seeking comment on certain other aspects 
of the regulation.

D. Why is the Agency taking this action?

    In a series of Executive Orders, President Trump has directed 
agency heads to review regulations under their jurisdiction for 
consistency with law and Administration policy and to identify 
inconsistent regulations for potential recission or modification. For 
example, Executive Order 14219, ``Ensuring Lawful Governance and 
Implementing the President's `Department of Government Efficiency' 
Deregulatory Initiative,'' directs agencies to initiate a process to 
review existing rules for consistency with the best reading of the 
governing statute, Administration policy, cost-benefit balancing 
principles, and to rescind or revise regulations as appropriate (90 FR 
10583, February 19, 2025). Among the categories of regulations to be 
identified are those that significantly and unjustifiably impede 
technological innovation, infrastructure development, disaster 
response, inflation reduction, R&D, economic development, energy 
production, land use, and foreign policy objectives and those that 
impose undue burdens on small business and impede private enterprise 
and entrepreneurship.
    Consistent with Executive Order 14219 and the Administration's 
priorities, EPA identified the TSCA section 8(a)(7) PFAS reporting 
regulation for reconsideration. The Agency is reconsidering exempting 
certain reportable activities. The Agency has identified several 
aspects of the TSCA section 8(a)(7) PFAS reporting regulation for 
potential revision in light of TSCA section 8(a)(5):
     TSCA section 8(a)(5)(A) directs the Agency, to the extent 
feasible, to not require unnecessary or duplicative reporting. After 
reconsidering its earlier position in the 2023 final rule, EPA believes 
reporting on certain activities may be unnecessary for the reasons 
articulated in this preamble. In addition, EPA believes some byproduct 
reporting may be duplicative. See the relevant discussions in Unit III 
for more detail.
     TSCA section 8(a)(5)(B) directs the Agency, to the extent 
feasible, to minimize cost of compliance on small manufacturers. Under 
TSCA section 8(a), a ``small manufacturer'' is a manufacturer that 
either has revenues less than $120 million and manufactures less than 
100,000 pounds in production volume for a chemical substance or has 
revenues less than $12 million regardless of production volume 
annually.
     TSCA section 8(a)(5)(C) directs the Agency, to the extent 
feasible, to apply reporting obligations to only those persons likely 
to have information relevant to the effective implementation of TSCA.
    EPA has also reconsidered the scope of the reporting requirements 
in light of TSCA section 2(c), which directs the Agency to carry out 
TSCA ``in a reasonable and prudent manner'' and to ``consider the 
environmental, economic, and social impact of any action.'' See Chem. 
Mfrs. Ass'n v. EPA, 899 F.2d 344, 347-48 (5th Cir. 1990) (``Congress [ 
] plainly intended the EPA to consider the economic impact of any 
actions taken by it under the TSCA'') (citing 15 U.S.C. 2601(c); 
emphasis in original); see also Nat'l Ass'n of Home Builders v. EPA, 
682 F.3d 1032, 1039 (D.C. Cir. 2012); Ausimont U.S.A. Inc. v. EPA, 838 
F.2d 93, 95 (3d Cir. 1988). Unlike certain other TSCA provisions, 
section 8(a)(7) does not direct EPA how to use the information 
collected under the PFAS reporting rule. In contrast, for example, TSCA 
section 8(b)(10) directs EPA to promulgate a rule ``to assist in the 
preparation of'' an inventory of mercury supply, use, and trade in the 
United States.'' The stated purpose of TSCA section 8(b)(10) data 
collection is to create a mercury inventory and to recommend actions to 
achieve mercury use reduction. See NRDC, Inc. v. EPA, 961 F.3d 160, 175 
(2d Cir. 2020) (``Congress's instruction to EPA to create and publish 
`an inventory of mercury supply, use, and trade, in the United States,' 
evinces its affirmative interest in cataloguing both the nature and 
extent of mercury use in the United States economy. Congress made clear 
that it intends EPA to collect and publish information on mercury 
use.''). TSCA section 8(a)(7) does not specify any such use for the 
data collection. EPA also notes that commenters on the TSCA section 
8(a)(7) proposed rule stated that its associated burden was 
disproportionate to the benefits that would be derived from the data 
collected under the rule. EPA has reconsidered its position and, 
consistent with TSCA sections 2(c) and 8(a)(5), proposes to exempt 
certain activities from the rule given the lack of express statutory 
directive to create a full inventory of all PFAS manufacturing 
activities.
    Although EPA now believes information on certain reportable 
activities is not necessary at this time, the Agency may in the future 
determine that such information is necessary to support particular 
regulatory actions.

[[Page 50925]]

Courts have supported such a sequenced process to addressing an 
Agency's statutory obligations. See S. Coast Air Qual. Mgmt. Dist. v. 
EPA, 554 F.3d 1076, 1080 (D.C. Cir. 2009); Bluewater Network v. EPA, 
372 F.3d 404, 411 (D.C. Cir. 2004). Here, it is reasonable to defer the 
collection of certain information until there is a clear role that such 
information could play to support a program mission of the Agency. TSCA 
grants EPA adequate authority to secure such information as needed, 
including under TSCA section 8, should the information collected sunder 
TSCA section 8(a)(7) prove insufficient or outdated for a particular 
action.

E. What are the estimated incremental impacts of this action?

    EPA has prepared an Economic Analysis of the potential impacts 
associated with this proposed rule (Ref. 1). The primary purpose of 
this proposed rule is to incorporate certain exemptions to the scope of 
reportable manufacturing activities for PFAS manufactured from 2011 to 
2022, as required under TSCA section 8(a)(7).
    This proposed action would reduce the burden on entities least 
likely to know and report relevant information without sacrificing the 
known and reasonably ascertainable data related to historically 
manufactured PFAS. Through the proposed exemptions and other 
clarifications to the regulation, this action is expected to provide 
both regulatory relief and greater regulatory certainty to regulated 
parties, resulting in a net reduction in cost while retaining the 
majority of PFAS manufacture reporting requirements.
    The reporting community is expected to receive burden reductions 
from the proposed amendments to the PFAS reporting rule associated with 
rule familiarization, compliance determination, form completion, and 
recordkeeping activities. EPA is also accounting for the sunk costs of 
companies that have undertaken some level of rule familiarization and 
compliance determination when estimating the expected reduction in 
costs. EPA estimates that approximately 6-12 percent of the expected 
costs of the October 11, 2023, TSCA section 8(a)(7) final rule (88 FR 
70516) (FRL-7902-02-OCSPP) have already accrued. This estimate is based 
on best professional judgment; see Unit IV.B for additional discussion 
and requests for public comments on this estimate. Under the proposed 
rule, EPA estimates a total industry burden reduction of 10-11. million 
fewer total hours, or a cost savings of $786-$843 million compared to 
the October 11, 2023, TSCA section 8(a)(7) final rule (88 FR 70516) 
(FRL-7902-02-OCSPP) requirements. Affected small businesses are 
expected to be relieved of 9.3-9.9 million total hours, or $703-$761 
million in costs. The Agency is not expected to incur incremental 
costs. The total incremental social cost savings of the proposed rule 
compared to the October 11, 2023, TSCA section 8(a)(7) final rule (88 
FR 70516) (FRL-7902-02-OCSPP) is therefore estimated to be 
approximately $786-$843 million.

F. Severability

    EPA intends that the provisions of this proposed rulemaking would, 
if finalized, be severable from one another. In the event that any 
individual provision or part of this rulemaking is invalidated, EPA 
intends that this would not render the entire rulemaking invalid, and 
that any individual provisions that are finalized would continue to be 
followed.

II. Background

A. TSCA Section 8(a)(7)

    President Trump signed into law the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (NDAA) on December 20, 2019 (Pub. L. 116-92). 
Among other provisions, section 7321 of the NDAA created TSCA section 
8(a)(7). TSCA section 8(a)(7) states that the Administrator ``shall 
promulgate a rule in accordance with this subsection requiring each 
person who has manufactured a chemical substance that is a [PFAS] in 
any year since January 1, 2011, to submit to the Administrator a report 
that includes, for each year since January 1, 2011, the information 
described in subparagraphs (A) through (G) of paragraph (2).'' The 
categories of information described in sections 8(a)(2)(A) through (G) 
are:
     The common or trade name, chemical identity and molecular 
structure of each chemical substance or mixture for which a report is 
required;
     Categories or proposed categories of use for each 
substance or mixture;
     Total amount of each substance or mixture manufactured or 
processed, the amounts manufactured or processed for each category of 
use, and reasonable estimates of the respective proposed amounts;
     Descriptions of byproducts resulting from the manufacture, 
processing, use, or disposal of each substance or mixture;
     All existing information concerning the environmental and 
health effects of each substance or mixture;
     The number of individuals exposed, and reasonable 
estimates on the number of individuals who will be exposed, to each 
substance or mixture in their places of work and the duration of their 
exposure; and
     The manner or method of disposal of each substance or 
mixture, and any change in such manner or method.

B. The PFAS Data Reporting Rule Under TSCA Section 8(a)(7)

    On June 28, 2021, EPA proposed the TSCA section 8(a)(7) PFAS 
reporting rule (86 FR 33926) (FRL-10017-78). This rule proposed to 
require any person who had manufactured (including imported) a PFAS 
(including as a mixture or an article containing a PFAS) as defined by 
a structural definition to report the required information for each 
year from 2011 to 2022 (86 FR 33926, June 28, 2021) (FRL-10017-78), to 
the extent such information is known to or reasonably ascertainable by 
the manufacturer. EPA did not propose any reporting exemptions or 
thresholds that other TSCA reporting rules have used, such as for 
chemical substances in imported articles, R&D chemicals, impurities, 
and certain byproducts. Additionally, EPA proposed no flexibilities for 
small manufacturers.
    After a 90-day public comment period and additional information 
gathering on the proposed rule's burden and cost estimates, EPA could 
not support a certification under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) 
that the rule would impose no significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities. EPA thus convened a Small 
Business Advocacy Review (SBAR) Panel in April 2022. The Panel used 
feedback from small entity representatives to develop a Panel Report 
(Ref. 2) and Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA) (Ref. 3). 
EPA opened a second public comment period (87 FR 72439) (FRL-7902-04-
OCSPP) on November 25, 2022, to solicit comment on the proposed rule's 
IRFA, SBAR Panel Report, and other aspects of the proposed rule that 
may have been impacted by EPA actions or proposed actions after the 
proposed rule's publication in June 2021.
    EPA considered comments and other stakeholder input, including from 
the SBAR Panel, in developing the final rule, which was published on 
October 11, 2023 (88 FR 70516) (FRL-7902-02-OCSPP). Public input 
informed changes from the 2021 proposed rule, including the scope of 
the PFAS structural definition, the duration of the data submission 
period, and the inclusion of shorter reporting forms for certain PFAS 
manufacturing scenarios. However, EPA did not add any exemptions as

[[Page 50926]]

requested by commenters and as recommended by the SBAR Panel.
    The final rule established a 12-month data collection period for 
manufacturers following the effective date of the rule, followed by a 
six-month data submission period, with information from most PFAS 
manufacturers due to EPA by May 8, 2025. Small manufacturers reporting 
exclusively as article importers had a 12-month submission period, with 
a reporting deadline of November 10, 2025.

C. Implementation Status of the PFAS Data Reporting Rule

    Data have not yet been submitted under the PFAS reporting rule. 
Since promulgating the final rule on October 11, 2023, the Agency has 
moved the reporting deadline twice. EPA needed to move the submission 
period due to the delay in the development of the reporting application 
on EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX, the Agency's electronic reporting 
site), related information technology (IT) infrastructure challenges, 
and the ability to conduct user testing data needed for IT reporting 
application development. On September 5, 2024, EPA promulgated a direct 
final rule (89 FR 72336) (FRL-7902.1-02-OCSPP) to move the start of the 
data submission period from November 12, 2024, to July 11, 2025. EPA 
subsequently published an interim final rule on May 13, 2025 (90 FR 
20236) (FRL-7902.2-01-OCSPP) to move the start of the data submission 
period from July 11, 2025, to April 13, 2026. EPA noted the need for 
such amendments due to further delays in developing the CDX 
infrastructure and conducting industry beta testing to ensure the 
reporting application collects and stores data as intended.

III. Proposed Amendments

A. Proposed Exemptions

    EPA is proposing to add certain exemptions to the scope of 
reportable PFAS manufacturing activities under 40 CFR 705. EPA intends 
these exemptions to be similar to the TSCA Chemical Data Reporting 
(CDR) rule (40 CFR 711) and, in addition, proposes to include the de 
minimis exemption described in Unit III.A.1. In some scenarios, more 
than one of these proposed exemptions may provide the same regulatory 
relief from reporting. For example, an importer of articles which 
contain low levels of PFAS may be exempt from reporting by virtue of 
both the imported articles and de minimis exemptions. EPA is interested 
in public comments on potential means to consolidate the proposed 
exemptions, while providing the same regulatory relief and in public 
comments on the potential benefits and drawbacks of finalizing all 
proposed exemptions or a subset of proposed exemptions when viewed in 
combination.
    The purpose of this rule is to better understand the PFAS 
manufactured (including imported) in the United States for commercial 
purposes, to the extent the information is known to or reasonably 
ascertainable by regulated entities. EPA recognizes that the number of 
entities that will need to search their records to identify the 
information is greater than the number of entities that will ultimately 
report. In EPA's 2023 Economic Analysis (Ref. 4) and FRFA (Ref. 5), the 
Agency assumed that, of all small article importers conducting due 
diligence to identify any reportable PFAS, only 10% would ultimately 
determine that they had known or reasonably ascertainable information 
to report on PFAS imported in articles. That is, 90% of the small 
article importers would be burdened by compliance determination 
activities only to then determine that they do not need to report 
because the information is not known or reasonably ascertainable.
    After further consideration of the Agency's obligations under TSCA 
sections 8(a)(7), 8(a)(5), and 2(c), EPA is reassessing whether the 
volume of potential data collected justifies the total burden of 
implementing that collection and what result Congress intended when it 
added TSCA section 8(a)(7) within the broader structure of section 8. 
Therefore, EPA is proposing these exemptions to maintain meaningful 
reporting on PFAS while exempting regulated entities that are least 
likely to have relevant information, alleviating some compliance burden 
(e.g., rule familiarization, recordkeeping), and eliminating some 
reporting where EPA has now determined that the reportable information 
is unnecessary to fulfill statutory obligations. These proposed 
exemptions also aim to minimize, to the extent feasible, the burden of 
regulatory compliance on small manufacturers, pursuant to TSCA section 
8(a)(5)(B). These proposed exemptions are responsive to the agency's 
obligations under the Regulatory Flexibility Act and are consistent 
with several of the recommendations that were made in the 2022 SBAR 
Panel Report (Ref. 2). EPA estimates that with these proposed 
exemptions, small businesses subject to the October 11, 2023, final 
rule (88 FR 70516) (FRL-7902-02-OCSPP) would be relieved of over $703-
$761 million in net regulatory compliance burden.
1. De Minimis
    EPA is proposing a de minimis concentration exemption for 
reportable PFAS in mixtures or articles under which PFAS concentrations 
below 0.1% would be exempt from reporting. This low-concentration 
exemption would apply regardless of total production volume of the 
mixture or article. Implicit in most statutes is the authority for an 
implementing agency to exempt de minimis concentrations from the scope 
of general rules. ``[T]he venerable maxim de minimis non curat lex 
(``the law cares not for trifles'') as part of the established 
background of legal principles against which all enactments are 
adopted, and which all enactments (absent contrary indication) are 
deemed to accept.'' Wis. Dep't of Revenue v. William Wrigley, Jr., Co., 
505 U.S. 214, 231 (1992); Citadel Sec. v. SEC, 45 F.4th 27, 36 (D.C. 
Cir. 2022) (explaining that an agency decision was reasonable and 
supported by the maxim); Shays v. Federal Election Commission, 414 F.3d 
76, 113-14 (D.C. Cir. 2005) (``Predicated on the notion that the 
Congress is always presumed to intend that pointless expenditures of 
effort be avoided, such authority is inherent in most statutory 
schemes, by implication.'') (internal quotation marks omitted); Ober v. 
Whitman, 243 F.3d 1190, 1194 (9th Cir. 2001); EDF, Inc. v. EPA, 82 F.3d 
451, 466-467 (D.C. Cir. 1996). This principle only covers situations 
where ``the burdens of regulation yield a gain of trivial or no 
value.'' EDF, 82 F.3d at 466.
    EPA proposes to apply the de minimis principle here because nothing 
in TSCA section 8 suggests an intent to depart from this background 
rule of construction. Nor is the statutory language in TSCA section 
8(a)(7) so uncompromisingly rigid as to preclude a de minimis 
exemption. Under TSCA section 8(a)(7), EPA must gather information from 
manufacturers of PFAS, but TSCA section 8(a)(5) grants EPA broad 
authority to reduce the burdens of such reporting to the extent 
feasible by placing the ``PFAS Data'' paragraph within TSCA section 8, 
Congress intended this authority to apply. Also, as noted above in Unit 
I.D., Congress indicated a practical intent for implementation of 
TSCA--the statute shall be carried out ``in a reasonable and prudent 
manner.'' 15 U.S.C. 2601(c). A de minimis exemption is a reasonable and 
familiar means to achieve such ends.
    The proposed de minimis level of 0.1% is appropriate because of the 
retrospective nature of the reporting and contemporary recordkeeping 
practices.

[[Page 50927]]

During the lookback period for reporting, reporters are unlikely to 
have records of PFAS amounts below 0.1% due to U.S. and international 
requirements at the time, e.g., for labeling and recordkeeping. During 
the development of the 2023 final rule, several commenters and small 
entity representatives described the challenges of determining the 
presence of a PFAS in past imports when the concentration would have 
been below the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) or the European Union's 
Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals 
(REACH) notification levels (see docket comments EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0549-
0054, 0105, 0107, 0139, 0163, and 0165). Suppliers covered under SDS 
and REACH notification requirements need not provide notification of 
PFAS levels below 0.1% under the most stringent chemical hazard 
classifications. Without REACH notifications having required notice for 
PFAS below 0.1% of a mixture or an article during the retroactive 
reporting time frame, companies would not have known that they have 
manufactured (including imported) PFAS below that de minimis 
concentration. See 15 U.S.C. 2607(a)(5)(C). Additionally, the 
Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) Hazard 
Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) sets cut-offs for the minimum 
concentration of a chemical that triggers requirements for an SDS. The 
cut-off level of 0.1% is generally applied to chemicals classified as 
``health hazards'' and a chemical is classified as a health hazard if 
it poses certain hazardous effects. Health hazards include, among 
others, chemicals that are carcinogens, reproductive toxins, irritants, 
and sensitizers (29 CFR 1910.1200(c) and Appendix A). Some evidence 
suggests that exposure to certain PFAS may lead to adverse health 
effects, including an increased risk of some cancers, as identified in 
the EPA's National PFAS Testing Strategy (Ref. 6). Identifying whether 
a mixture or article contains PFAS below 0.1% would be time consuming 
and complicated because PFAS were not required to be reported on an SDS 
during the relevant lookback period.
    EPA also considered potential impacts of other statutory or 
regulatory requirements pertaining to de minimis levels of PFAS that 
were in effect during the 2011-2022 reporting period, to the extent 
those requirements may impact manufacturers' knowledge of and ability 
to report on manufacturing of de minimis concentrations in mixtures and 
articles. During most of the lookback period, there were few 
international labeling or notification requirements for small 
concentrations of PFAS. As public commenters previously noted, the 
REACH regulation in the European Union only placed certain groups of 
PFAS on their Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) Candidate List 
beginning in 2019, with HFPO-DA and its salts (Ref. 7). These listings 
triggered additional legal obligations, including safety communication 
to customers, when articles contain an SVHC at concentrations above 
0.1% (Ref. 8). Thus, it is unlikely that manufacturers would have been 
able to identify such small concentrations of PFAS in mixtures and 
articles during this rule's reporting period. As suppliers were not 
obligated to disclose de minimis levels of PFAS, those manufacturers 
likely would not know of the existence of such PFAS and render those 
mixtures and articles not known or reasonably ascertainable under TSCA 
Section 8(a)(5).
    Moreover, a uniform 0.1% de minimis threshold would relieve 
manufacturers of burden related to investigating the relevant exemption 
level and applying different concentrations to different PFAS. The OSHA 
Hazard Communication Standard for chemicals not classified as a 
``health hazard'' uses a cut-off concentration of 1.0% by weight, and 
the extent to which many PFAS present health concerns similar to those 
relatively few PFAS known to be ``health hazards'' is unclear. Although 
most PFAS are not classified as health hazards under 29 CFR 1910.1200, 
EPA is proposing a universal de minimis concentration exemption of 0.1% 
for all PFAS to reduce the burden of determining which concentration is 
applicable to each reportable PFAS. Further, PFAS are typically present 
at low concentrations in mixtures, so a 1% de minimis threshold may 
remove otherwise reportable information from the scope of the rule. In 
part, this rulemaking is designed to identify and address available 
information gaps involving PFAS, so EPA believes that applying a lower, 
uniform 0.1% de minimis concentration threshold for all reportable PFAS 
helps address information gaps where information exists and still 
alleviates burden by providing a de minimis threshold.
    EPA also considered establishing de minimis levels based on 
detection limits in validated analytical methods developed by EPA. As 
of August 2025, EPA has developed analytical methods for the detection 
of dozens of PFAS in various environmental media (see https://www.epa.gov/water-research/pfas-analytical-methods-development-and-sampling-research). However, EPA identified several limitations to this 
potential approach to such an exemption. First, the number of PFAS that 
have at least one analytical method is a small portion of the broader 
universe of known PFAS. The detection limits associated with those PFAS 
with analytical methods are also at different levels, varying by orders 
of magnitude. Further, some of the lowest detection limits (in parts 
per trillion) would render any exemption based on concentrations below 
such limits ineffectual. EPA ultimately determined that basing a 
proposed de minimis exemption level on these analytical methods would 
be inappropriate. As noted in Unit IV, EPA seeks comment on the 
proposed 0.1% de minimis level, including information on what 
concentration level other than 0.1% might be appropriate for an 
exemption.
    EPA also proposes to exempt these de minimis concentrations of PFAS 
in mixtures and articles (see Unit III.A.2.) from the scope of the rule 
based on the Agency's information needs under TSCA section 8(a)(5)(A). 
The Agency has determined that information about such PFAS in mixtures 
is unnecessary, in part because EPA does not anticipate publishing an 
``inventory'' of all PFAS manufactured since 2011 such that EPA would 
need a complete reporting of all PFAS in U.S. markets. Compare 15 
U.S.C. 2607(a)(7) with 15 U.S.C. 2607(b)(10). Additionally, EPA does 
not anticipate evaluating PFAS that may only be manufactured in de 
minimis levels in the near future under TSCA (see 2024 TSCA section 
8(d) rule ((89 FR 100756, 100758, December 13, 2024) (FRL-11164-02-
OCSPP). Manufacturers that report pursuant to this rule are required to 
provide downstream processing and use information about the use of PFAS 
in consumer and commercial products, including articles. Thus, despite 
the provision of de minimis and imported article exemptions (discussed 
below), EPA anticipates it will receive information on low 
concentrations and articles from original manufacturers of PFAS who are 
most likely to have such information and who are likely to report 
pursuant to this rule should the proposed exemptions be finalized. Such 
information from these manufacturers will help the Agency identify 
situations in which more information about PFAS in articles may be 
necessary, and EPA will address such needs when they are identified.

[[Page 50928]]

2. Imported Articles
    EPA is proposing to exempt PFAS imported as part of an article from 
the scope of reportable activities (see proposed 40 CFR 705.5, 705.12, 
705.18, and 705.30). An ``article'' is defined in 40 CFR 704.3 as ``a 
manufactured item (1) which is formed to a specific shape or design 
during manufacture, (2) which has end-use function(s) dependent in 
whole or in part upon its shape or design during end use, and (3) which 
has either no change of chemical composition during its end use or only 
those changes of composition which have no commercial purpose separate 
from that of the article, and that result from a chemical reaction that 
occurs upon end use of other chemical substances, mixtures, or 
articles; except that fluids and particles are not considered articles 
regardless of shape or design.''
    EPA recognizes that importing PFAS in articles between 2011-2022 is 
an activity about which manufacturers are unlikely to have known or 
reasonably ascertainable information. As discussed above, SDS and REACH 
notification requirements are not likely to have revealed the content 
of PFAS in imported articles during the time span covered by this 
retroactive reporting rule, which is a perspective shared widely by 
commenters and the small entity representatives to the SBAR Panel (87 
FR 72439, November 25, 2022) (FRL-7902-04-OCSPP). Thus, importers of 
articles across many industries have the burden of reviewing any past 
SDSs or other records, such as REACH notifications, for confirmation 
that PFAS has been imported in those articles. EPA has now reconsidered 
the weight of that input and now proposes to exempt importing articles 
in an effort to apply reporting obligations, to the extent feasible, to 
those persons likely to have information (TSCA section 8(a)(5)(C)).
    Should EPA finalize this proposal by exempting the reporting on 
PFAS in imported articles, the Agency will nevertheless receive 
information on the incorporation of PFAS in articles. The rule requires 
manufacturers to report on processing and use (both industrial and 
consumer/commercial) for their manufactured PFAS, such as any 
incorporation in articles (40 CFR 705.15(c)). The processing and use 
reporting requirements will inform the Agency's understanding of which 
PFAS are used in various types of industrial processes or consumer and 
commercial products, which will be instructive to future TSCA actions.
    EPA is also proposing this imported articles exemption under TSCA 
section 8(a)(5)(A), as the Agency finds that requiring retroactive 
reporting on importing articles with PFAS is unnecessary (in addition 
to EPA finding that requiring reporting from importers of articles 
containing PFAS exceeds EPA's authority under TSCA Section 8(a)(7), see 
the below paragraph). On balance, EPA finds it unnecessary to require 
reporting for this activity and impose related non-reporting burden 
activities such as rule compliance determination and due diligence 
record searches when such importers are unlikely to have relevant 
information.
    In addition, EPA proposes that requiring reporting from importers 
of articles containing PFAS exceeded EPA's authority under TSCA section 
8(a)(7). In the NDAA, Congress directed the EPA to require reporting 
from ``each person who has manufactured a chemical substance that is a 
[PFAS].'' 15 U.S.C. 2607(a)(7) (emphasis added). As a general matter, 
TSCA section 3(2)(A) defines ``chemical substance'' as ``any organic or 
inorganic substance of a particular molecular identity,'' including 
natural combinations, elements, and uncombined radicals. TSCA section 
3(9) defines ``manufacture'' to include production, manufacture, and 
imports. By specifying ``a chemical substance that is a [PFAS],'' in 
TSCA section 8(a)(7), however, Congress provided that the reporting 
requirement would apply to a narrower universe than TSCA would 
generally cover.
    Specifically, EPA proposes to conclude that the NDAA is best read 
as excluding articles and targeting the reporting requirement to 
manufacturers of the PFAS themselves. Had Congress intended the 
legislation to include articles that contain a PFAS substance, it could 
have said so. Here, Congress chose to target manufacturers (including 
importers) of the PFAS themselves, as indicated by the specific phrase 
``that is a'' (instead of a more inclusive term such as ``contains''). 
Where Congress omits expansive modifiers, they should not be inferred. 
EPA is soliciting feedback on this argument, which was raised by 
commenters on the June 2021 proposed rule (86 FR 33926) (FRL-10017-78). 
Since EPA is proposing to exempt article importers under TSCA section 
8(a)(5) as discussed above, this rationale would lead to the same 
outcome in terms of regulatory requirements.
3. Byproducts, Impurities, and Non-Isolated Intermediates
    EPA is proposing to exempt the manufacture of PFAS as byproducts, 
impurities, non-isolated intermediates, or upon incidental exposure, or 
end use of another substance or mixture from the scope of reportable 
activities when such substances are manufactured under conditions 
described in 40 CFR 720.30(h). These proposed exemptions align with 
existing exemptions under TSCA for substances not manufactured and used 
for a separate commercial purpose and is consistent with the approach 
taken in EPA's CDR rule (see 40 CFR 711.10(c)).
    EPA describes the byproduct, impurity, and non-isolated 
intermediate activity exemptions below. Overall, the exemptions reflect 
a practical application of TSCA section 8(a)(5)(C), under which EPA 
shall, to the extent feasible, apply reporting obligations only to 
those persons likely to have relevant information. EPA has historically 
exempted such manufacturing activities (i.e., impurities, non-isolated 
intermediates, and certain byproducts; manufacturing low quantities 
solely for R&D purposes) from the scope of reporting obligations under 
TSCA sections 5 and 8. EPA is not proposing to exempt other types of 
manufacturing activities, including for byproducts subsequently used 
for a commercial purpose listed in 40 CFR 720.30(g), as the Agency 
believes PFAS manufacturers are more likely to have relevant 
information on those manufacturing activities. As proposed, these 
exemptions would ensure that manufacturers remain focused on reporting 
PFAS with greater commercial relevance and potential exposure pathways 
while relieving industry of disproportionately burdensome reporting. By 
eliminating the need to search for and report on data related to these 
manufacturing activities that have been traditionally exempt from other 
TSCA reporting requirements, manufacturers would avoid resource-
intensive record reviews and unnecessary administrative burden for 
reporting activities unlikely to provide relevant information.
    Byproducts. The regulation currently requires a manufacturer of 
PFAS to report in separate chemical reports each PFAS that is 
manufactured, without exception. EPA is proposing to exempt from the 
requirement to report PFAS that are solely manufactured as a byproduct 
in a manner described in 40 CFR 720.30(h) (see proposed 40 CFR 705.12). 
Specifically, EPA is proposing to exempt any byproduct not used for

[[Page 50929]]

commercial purposes. ``Byproduct'' is defined in 40 CFR 704.3 to mean 
``a chemical substance produced without a separate commercial intent 
during the manufacture, processing, use, or disposal of another 
chemical substance(s) or mixture(s).''
    EPA is proposing this exemption because it now believes this 
information is unnecessary to implement its statutory obligations and 
potentially duplicative. Consistent with TSCA section 8(a)(5)(A), EPA 
believes it is appropriate to exempt manufacturers of PFAS as a 
byproduct when they are not used for a commercial purpose. EPA does not 
find that the reportable information on PFAS manufactured as byproducts 
and without subsequent commercial use is necessary, considering the 
Agency's ongoing obligations under TSCA are limited to specific PFAS, 
not the entire class, and because of the expected low exposure 
potential to such non-commercial PFAS. However, EPA is interested in 
learning about the intended commercial uses of PFAS, including PFAS 
when manufactured as a byproduct, and thus is not proposing to exempt 
manufacture of PFAS as a byproduct if it is used for a commercial 
purpose. Further, this proposed byproduct exemption would apply only to 
the byproduct. The exemption does not apply to component substances 
extracted from a byproduct, when the extracted substances are 
reportable PFAS.
    For certain reporting requirements (e.g., CDR), EPA has exempted 
manufacture of byproducts for specific types of commercial purposes 
(see proposed 40 CFR 720.30(g)). For this rule, EPA is not proposing to 
exempt PFAS manufactured as byproducts that are used for a commercial 
purpose as listed at 40 CFR 720.30(g). These types of commercial 
purposes may provide relevant information on exposure pathways of 
interest to EPA, such as applying PFAS-containing wastes to land for 
soil enrichment or when burned as a fuel (Ref. 9).
    This proposed exemption does not impact the need to report 
information about any byproducts resulting from the manufacture, 
processing, use, or disposal of each reportable PFAS under 40 CFR 
705.15(e), consistent with the requirement under TSCA section 
8(a)(2)(D). If you are reporting the manufacture of a PFAS with 
byproducts produced during the manufacture, processing, use, or 
disposal of that PFAS, you must report basic information (e.g., 
chemical identity, related PFAS activity, volume, and environmental 
releases) about the byproducts. That is, a manufacturer of a non-
byproduct PFAS will provide information on all byproducts produced 
while manufacturing, processing, using, or disposing of the given PFAS 
(e.g., polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a reportable PFAS and 
reporting on PTFE where ``GenX chemicals'' were created as a byproduct 
in the production of PTFE would result in reporting on PTFE including 
information on the manufacture of GenX chemicals as PTFE's byproduct 
(see Ref. 10 for more information on GenX chemicals)).
    EPA notes that pursuant to this proposed exemption, the Agency will 
not receive reporting on PFAS manufactured as byproducts of a non-PFAS. 
In addition, under the 2023 final rule, a processor would need to 
report as a manufacturer for any PFAS-containing byproducts; with this 
proposed exemption, such reporting would not occur unless the 
byproducts have a separate commercial use.
    EPA further believes reporting on PFAS manufactured as byproducts 
in the manner described at 40 CFR 720.30(h) may be duplicative of the 
requirements to report on any byproduct produced during the 
manufacture, processing, use, or disposal of a reportable PFAS. As 
described above, if a PFAS is manufactured as a byproduct during the 
manufacture, processing, use, or disposal of a reportable PFAS, EPA 
would receive information that is known or reasonably ascertainable on 
that byproduct, including the chemical identity and the amounts 
released to different environmental media. Given the scope of the 
definition of PFAS under 40 CFR 705.3, many fluorinated substances 
(including their potential byproducts) are captured such that reporting 
on those fluorinated byproducts would be identified and reported on in 
the precursor PFAS's report.
    EPA has determined that information related to PFAS manufactured as 
byproducts without separate commercial uses, under the same conditions 
that are exempt from CDR, is unnecessary and potentially duplicative. 
Accordingly, EPA is proposing this activity exemption under section 
8(a)(5)(A).
    Impurities. EPA is proposing to exempt the manufacture of PFAS as 
impurities from the scope of reportable activities, as described in 40 
CFR 720.30(h)(1) (see proposed 40 CFR 705.12). This exemption is also 
incorporated in the CDR regulation (see 40 CFR 711.10(c)). As defined 
at 40 CFR 704.3, an impurity is a chemical substance unintentionally 
present with another chemical substance. Impurities are not 
manufactured for distribution in commerce as chemical substances per 
se, and they have no distinct commercial purpose apart from the 
substance, mixture, or article in which they are contained.
    EPA proposes that, consistent with TSCA section 8(a)(5)(A), 
requiring this information is unnecessary. As explained in CDR guidance 
(see Ref. 11), in evaluating whether a PFAS is an impurity, EPA 
considers the source of the substance in the manufacturing process. A 
substance that arises unintentionally in a final product because it was 
introduced unintentionally as a component of a raw material, it may be 
considered an impurity. This is distinguishable from a byproduct, which 
is a substance formed as part of the intended chemical reaction or 
byproduct stream and intentionally retained would not meet the 
definition of an impurity and may be subject to reporting. EPA 
understands there are likely no PFAS manufactured as impurities 
domestically, as PFAS are not likely to be unintentionally present in 
raw materials introduced into a process. Thus, the manufacturing of 
PFAS as impurities would only derive from the import of materials with 
PFAS as impurities. Such importers are not likely to know about the 
presence of PFAS, let alone any reportable information under section 
8(a)(7). Therefore, exempting manufacturers (including importers) of 
impurities would not meaningfully impact the scope of the universe of 
manufacturers of PFAS impurities who would have relevant information to 
report under this rule. Such an exemption would therefore be consistent 
with TSCA section 8(a)(5)(C), which requires EPA to, to the extent 
feasible, extend reporting obligations to those likely to have relevant 
information. Without relevant information to report under this rule, 
EPA has determined that exempting the manufacture of PFAS as impurities 
is appropriate. EPA is seeking public comment on this proposed 
exemption to ensure that the definitions and exemption conditions of 
byproducts and impurities are consistently and appropriately applied to 
PFAS manufacturing activities.
    Non-isolated intermediates. Consistent with the proposed exemptions 
to align with 40 CFR 720.30(h), EPA is proposing to exempt otherwise-
reportable PFAS that are non-isolated intermediates (see proposed 40 
CFR 705.12). Non-isolated intermediates, as defined at 40 CFR 704.3, 
are substances manufactured and consumed within a closed system during 
the production of another

[[Page 50930]]

chemical substance. These intermediates are not intentionally removed 
from process equipment, such as reaction vessels or continuous flow 
systems, and are not stored, packaged, or transported. Because these 
substances remain confined within closed systems and are not expected 
to be released in the environment or handled by workers, EPA has 
determined that reporting on non-isolated intermediates is unnecessary 
because these intermediates do not result in meaningful human or 
environmental exposure. EPA is proposing this exemption consistent with 
TSCA section 8(a)(5)(A). Additionally, as described earlier in Unit 
III.A.3., manufacturers have generally not been required to submit 
reports related to the manufacture of non-isolated intermediates under 
TSCA. The Agency has exempted non-isolated intermediates in the past, 
in part, because such substances often are extremely difficult to 
identify. See 15 U.S.C. 2607(a)(5)(C).
4. Research and Development (R&D) Chemicals
    EPA is proposing to exempt PFAS manufactured (including imported) 
in small quantities for R&D purposes (see proposed 40 CFR 705.12). The 
proposed exemption, while limited to PFAS manufactured solely for R&D 
purposes, has no threshold limit. EPA notes that such quantities 
manufactured solely for R&D purposes are quantities no greater than 
reasonably necessary for those R&D activities (see 40 CFR 704.3, which 
defines small quantities for research and development as ``quantities 
of a chemical substance manufactured, imported, or processed or 
proposed to be manufactured, imported, or processed solely for research 
and development that are not greater than reasonably necessary for such 
purposes'').
    Based on stakeholder input, EPA understands that information on 
PFAS manufactured solely for R&D purposes would be limited and would 
provide minimal information regarding PFAS exposures and quantities in 
commerce, which were the focuses of TSCA section 8(a)(7). EPA does not 
see such information as improving the Agency's understanding of the 
exposures and potential risks of such PFAS under TSCA. Pursuant to TSCA 
section 8(a)(5)(A), EPA has determined information about such chemicals 
is unnecessary. EPA may consider future data calls for R&D chemicals if 
the Agency determines a need to do so.
    Further, other TSCA reporting requirements have incorporated 
exemptions of small quantities of R&D chemicals consistent with the 
definition at 40 CFR 704.3 (for example, TSCA section 5 new chemicals 
reporting (see 40 CFR 720.30(c)), inventory reporting (see TSCA section 
8(b)(1)), and CDR reporting (see 40 CFR 711.10(a)). Without a 
historical need to provide reporting on PFAS manufactured in small 
quantities solely for R&D purposes under both TSCA section 5 and other 
section 8 actions, EPA believes manufacturers of such R&D PFAS will be 
unlikely to have information responsive to the data request under TSCA 
section 8(a)(7). Therefore, exempting such manufacturers is consistent 
with EPA's obligations under TSCA section 8(a)(5)(C) to apply reporting 
requirements to only those persons likely to have such relevant 
information.
    Exempting PFAS manufactured solely for R&D purposes is also 
consistent with EPA's obligations under TSCA section 8(a)(5)(B), to 
minimize, to the extent feasible, the cost of compliance with TSCA 
section 8 rules on small manufacturers. In the SBAR Panel conducted for 
this rule in 2022 (see Unit II.B.), EPA learned from a small entity 
representative that their small business manufactured PFAS for 
laboratory and analytical purposes and is not generally subject to TSCA 
reporting requirements. Under this proposed exemption, EPA will 
minimize compliance costs on such small manufacturers pursuant to TSCA 
section 8(a)(5)(B).
    This exemption is also being proposed pursuant to the 
Administration's priorities as outlined in Executive Order 14219, which 
seeks to reduce regulations that impose costs that ``impede'' R&D and 
economic development activities. Based on input from manufacturers (for 
example, comments EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0549-0069, 0084, and 0143), the 
requirement to report on typically exempt R&D substances, even in a 
streamlined reporting form with fewer required data fields, would 
impose significant burden on manufacturers who may have up to thousands 
of small quantity R&D substances, whose R&D staff would need to assist 
with the efforts to respond to this rule, including by searching 
through ``potentially hundreds of lab notebooks'' (comment EPA-HQ-OPPT-
2020-0549-0143). Exempting PFAS manufactured in small quantities solely 
for R&D activities alleviates the compliance burden on those 
stakeholders conducting commercial R&D and other economic development 
activities and provides more resources to carry out such activities.

B. Submission Period

    EPA is proposing to amend the data submission period to accommodate 
the changes to the reporting scope in this proposal. EPA believes a 
shift to the data submission period is appropriate when the reporting 
regulation has changed. This allows reporters to familiarize themselves 
with the amended rule and ensure their data are responsive to the 
amended rule and EPA to modify the reporting application as needed, 
such as removing the option of streamlined reporting forms for article 
importers and R&D manufacturers.
    EPA proposes to alter the submission period as follows: the 
submission period will begin 60 days after the effective date of the 
final rule and will last for three months (see proposed 40 CFR 705.20). 
The time EPA took to develop the 2023 final rule and engage with 
stakeholders on the content of the rule, as well as the time that has 
passed since promulgation of the 2023 final rule, suggests to the 
Agency that reporters have had adequate time to consider how they 
intend to comply with the rule. Because no reporting will be required 
from article importers due to the proposed exemption (see Unit 
III.A.2.), EPA proposes to remove the reporting deadline for small 
manufacturers who would report under this rule exclusively as article 
importers.

C. Clarifications and Technical Corrections

1. Scope of Environmental and Health Effects Information
    The current rule requires the submission of exposure-related 
information and ``all existing information concerning the environmental 
and health effects'' of the chemical substances covered by this rule. 
``All existing information concerning environmental and health 
effects'' is defined as ``any information of any effect of a chemical 
substance or mixture on health or the environment or both'' (40 CFR 
705.3) and is intended to be interpreted broadly. In addition, certain 
information is required to be reported using the OECD-harmonized 
template (OHT) format. EPA proposes to clarify the requirements related 
to reporting using the OHT format, including to propose a regulatory 
change to confirm that OHTs are required for unpublished study reports 
on the environmental and health effects of the reportable PFAS, except 
for exposure information provided in the fielded data elements 
throughout the reporting application.

[[Page 50931]]

    In Unit III.E of the 2023 final rule, EPA described the need to 
submit all existing information concerning health and environmental 
effects in the OHT format, where such templates exist for the type of 
data reported (40 CFR 705.15(f)). To avoid duplicative reporting, EPA 
proposes to clarify that the use of OHTs is not required for exposure-
related information otherwise reported in the fielded data elements (40 
CFR 705.15(b)-(e) and (g)-(h)). See proposed amendments to 40 CFR 
705.15(f)(1). EPA did not quantify the burden associated with this 
proposed regulatory text change. EPA is seeking public comment on the 
OHT requirement for environmental and health effect information and 
associated burden.
2. Consumer and Commercial Product Categories
    EPA is proposing to update the names used for specific consumer and 
commercial product categories as required under 40 CFR 705.15(c)(4). 
Like the clarification above, this proposed change would not alter any 
reporting requirements or introduce new burden but rather aims to 
clarify existing requirements. EPA has received requests for 
clarification from data submitters under the CDR regulation, which uses 
the same product category names, so EPA proposes to clarify the names 
and descriptions for the same consumer and commercial article-related 
codes in the PFAS Data Reporting Rule (see Table 5 at 40 CFR 
705.15(c)(4)). For example, under CC303, EPA proposes to add ``Articles 
without routine direct contact, such as'' to the associated name to 
better define the difference between CC303 and CC304, which has been 
confusing for some CDR data submitters. In addition, EPA is proposing 
to revise the product category code names associated with CC217 through 
CC221 and CC305 to more clearly identify the types of articles and 
materials covered within those categories. See Table 1 below for a 
comparison between the proposed and existing impacted product category 
codes and names. Table 1. also includes descriptions for each code, 
which EPA provides in reporting guidance. The proposed changes 
eliminate the overlap between the categories and reduce reporter 
uncertainty regarding the correct category to report.

                                     Table 1--Updated Product Category Names
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              Column A: current product codes              Column B: proposed product codes
         Code         ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                Name               Description                Name               Description
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC217................  Construction and       Floor decking,         Wood and engineered    Floor decking,
                        building materials     claddings, toys        wood articles:         flooring, lumber,
                        covering large         outdoor equipment,     Construction and       plywood, walls,
                        surface areas,         walls, flooring.       building materials     claddings, outdoor
                        including wood                                covering large         playground
                        articles.                                     surface areas.         equipment, indoor
                                                                                             toy structures/play-
                                                                                             gyms.
CC218................  Construction and       Construction and       Non-metal and non-     Insulation panels,
                        building materials     building materials;    wood articles not      wall papers, roof
                        covering large         e.g., insulation       covered elsewhere:     shingles/tiles,
                        surface areas,         panels, wall papers,   Construction and       siding, synthetic
                        including paper        roof sheets,           building materials     flooring/composite
                        articles; metal        drinking water         covering large         floor decking (non-
                        articles; stone,       pipes, sewer pipes,    surface areas,         wood), climbing
                        plaster, cement,       cement flooring,       including but not      walls, drinking
                        glass and ceramic      mirrors.               limited to paper       water pipes (non-
                        articles.                                     articles; plastic,     metal), sewer pipes
                                                                      rubber, fiberglass,    (non-metal), cement
                                                                      and other composite    flooring, windows,
                                                                      articles; stone,       mirrors, boat hulls
                                                                      asphalt, plaster,      (non-metal, such as
                                                                      cement, glass, and     fiberglass),
                                                                      ceramic articles.      automobile panels
                                                                                             (non-metal).
CC219................  Machinery, mechanical  Refrigerators,         Small-scale complex    Refrigerators,
                        appliances,            washing machines,      (i.e., mixed           washing machines,
                        electrical/            vacuum cleaners,       material) machinery,   vacuum cleaners,
                        electronic articles.   computers,             mechanical             computers,
                                               telephones, drills,    appliances, and        telephones, drills,
                                               saws, smoke            electrical/            saws, smoke
                                               detectors,             electronic articles.   detectors,
                                               thermostats,                                  thermostats,
                                               radiators.                                    radiators,
                                                                                             motorcycles, motor
                                                                                             scooters, e-bikes/
                                                                                             electric bicycles,
                                                                                             remote-control cars/
                                                                                             drones, portable
                                                                                             solar panels.
CC220................  Other machinery,       Large-scale            Large-scale complex    Large-scale
                        mechanical             stationary             (i.e., mixed           stationary
                        appliances,            industrial tools.      material) machinery,   industrial tools,
                        electronic/                                   motor vehicles,        heavy machinery/
                        electronic articles.                          mechanical             vehicles, trucks,
                                                                      appliances, and        tractors, ships,
                                                                      electrical/            planes, solar
                                                                      electronic articles.   panels/arrays, wind
                                                                                             turbines,
                                                                                             electrical
                                                                                             infrastructure,
                                                                                             large computer
                                                                                             servers/network
                                                                                             systems, heating/
                                                                                             cooling/AC systems.
CC221................  Construction and       Roof sheets, drinking  Metal products,        Shipping containers,
                        building materials     water pipes, sewer     including              steel framing,
                        covering large         pipes.                 construction/          rebar, roof sheets,
                        surface areas,                                building materials,    heating/cooling/air-
                        including metal                               parts, or other        exchange ductwork,
                        articles.                                     metal articles not     drinking water
                                                                      covered elsewhere.     pipes (metal),
                                                                                             sewer pipes
                                                                                             (metal), wheels,
                                                                                             aircraft wings,
                                                                                             boat hulls,
                                                                                             automobile frames/
                                                                                             panels.
CC303................  Packaging (excluding   Phone covers,          Articles without       Phone covers,
                        food packaging),       personal tablet        routine direct         personal tablet
                        including rubber       covers, styrofoam      contact, such as       covers, styrofoam
                        articles; plastic      packaging, bubble      packaging (excluding   packaging, bubble
                        articles (hard);       wrap.                  food packaging),       wrap.
                        plastic articles                              including rubber
                        (soft).                                       articles; plastic
                                                                      articles (hard);
                                                                      plastic articles
                                                                      (soft).
CC304................  Other articles with    Gloves, boots,         Other articles with    Gloves, boots,
                        routine direct         clothing, rubber       routine direct         clothing, rubber
                        contact during         handles, gear lever,   contact during         handles, gear
                        normal use including   steering wheels,       normal use,            lever, steering
                        rubber articles;       handles, pencils,      including rubber       wheels, handles,
                        plastic articles       handheld device        articles; plastic      pencils, handheld
                        (hard).                casing.                articles (hard).       device casing.

[[Page 50932]]

 
CC305................  Toys intended for      Stuffed toys,          Toys intended for      Outdoor playground
                        children's use (and    blankets, comfort      children's use (and    equipment/parts,
                        child dedicated        objects, dolls, car,   child-dedicated        swing sets, slides,
                        articles), including   animals, teething      articles), including   play forts/tree
                        fabrics, textiles,     rings.                 but not limited to     houses, indoor toy
                        and apparel; or                               fabrics, textiles,     structures/play
                        plastic articles                              and apparel; metal     gyms, skates,
                        (hard).                                       articles; wood         baseball gloves,
                                                                      articles; paper        stuffed toys/
                                                                      articles; plaster,     animals, blankets,
                                                                      glass, and ceramic     comfort objects,
                                                                      articles; and/or       dolls, action
                                                                      plastic, rubber,       figures, balls, toy
                                                                      fiberglass, and        cars/trucks,
                                                                      other composite        wagons, teething
                                                                      articles (hard).       rings.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Requests for Comment

    EPA requests comment on the content of this proposed rule and the 
Economic Analysis prepared in support of this proposed rule (Ref. 1). 
In addition, EPA is providing a list of issues on which the Agency is 
specifically requesting public comment. EPA encourages all interested 
persons to submit comments on the topics raised in this proposal. This 
input will assist the Agency in developing a final rule that 
successfully addresses information needs while minimizing potential 
reporting burdens associated with the regulation. EPA requests that 
commenters include materials supporting their rationale to the extent 
possible.
    1. As described in Unit III.A.1., EPA is soliciting comment on the 
proposed 0.1% de minimis exemption for PFAS in mixtures and articles. 
EPA is also interested in comments on a 1.0% de minimis exemption for 
PFAS in mixtures and articles instead of the proposed 0.1% de minimis 
exemption, or another appropriate de minimis level.
    2. As described in Unit III.A.2, EPA is soliciting comment on an 
imported articles exemption. EPA is also interested in comments on the 
Agency's reconsidered interpretation of the statutory language of the 
NDAA and whether the NDAA is best read as excluding articles from the 
scope of reporting.
    3. As described in Unit III.A.3, EPA is soliciting comment on 
exempting certain byproducts, impurities, and non-isolated 
intermediates by incorporating the exemptions at 40 CFR 720.30(h). This 
exemption would extend to PFAS that are manufactured upon incidental 
exposure or end use of another substance or mixture based on conditions 
described in 40 CFR 720.30(h)(3)-(7).
    4. As described in Unit III.A.4, EPA is soliciting comment on an 
exemption for manufacturing PFAS in small quantities for R&D 
activities.
    5. As described in Unit III.B, EPA is soliciting comment on whether 
the Agency's proposed amendment to the data submission period is 
appropriate to accommodate the proposed changes to the PFAS Data 
Reporting Rule.
    6. As described in Unit III.C.1, EPA is soliciting comment on the 
requirements related to reporting using the OHT format, including to 
propose a regulatory change to confirm that OHTs are required for 
unpublished study reports on the environmental and health effects of 
the reportable PFAS, except for exposure information provided in the 
fielded data elements throughout the reporting application. EPA has not 
quantified and is also soliciting comment on the potential burden with 
the OHT requirement for unpublished study reports under 40 CFR 
705.15(f). Additionally, in response to stakeholder requests that EPA 
has received, EPA is soliciting comment on whether to maintain the 
requirement for full study reports under 40 CFR 705.15(f) or to provide 
an option for a submitter to provide a robust study summary in lieu of 
the full study report, with the submitter to provide the full study 
report upon reasonable EPA request, such as when technical concerns 
about the data or methodology as described in the summary are 
identified or the Agency deems that the summary is not robust. EPA 
continues to maintain its position that full study reports are 
necessary; however, the Agency is amenable to receiving further 
perspectives on this topic to further inform its understanding of 
stakeholder concerns.
    7. EPA is soliciting comment on the nature and extent of any 
reliance interests that may have arisen from the October 11, 2023, TSCA 
section 8(a)(7) final rule.
    In addition to the topics listed above and proposed in this action, 
EPA is also soliciting comment on specific questions discussed below in 
this Unit.

A. Should EPA amend the scope of reportable chemicals?

    EPA is not proposing changes to the scope of reportable chemical 
substances but is soliciting comment on this topic. EPA is receptive to 
feedback on a possible means to lower burden by modifying the scope of 
reportable substances, such as by limiting reporting to those PFAS with 
a Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CASRN), or, in the case 
of a PFAS listed as confidential on the TSCA Inventory, a TSCA 
Accession Number or Low-Volume Exemption Number. EPA received comments 
on the 2021 proposed rule and input during the SBAR Panel related to 
the scope of reportable PFAS, including some requests to codify a 
discrete list of covered PFAS rather than a structural definition; see, 
for example, docket comments EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0549-0063, 0122, 0165, 
and 0168, and SBAR Panel Report (Ref. 2). In the final rule published 
on October 11, 2023 (88 FR 70516) (FRL-7902-02-OCSPP), EPA determined 
that a structural definition of PFAS was appropriate for this rule. 
Further, EPA was unable to publicly identify all PFAS on the TSCA 
Inventory, as some identities have confidentiality claims and currently 
lack a generic name to indicate that chemical substance is a PFAS. The 
inclusion of those chemicals on a discrete list for reporting under 
this rule would not be permitted because that would divulge CBI. 
Additionally, as chemical innovation has led to new PFAS compounds, 
limiting the scope of the regulation to certain existing compounds on 
the TSCA Inventory would create aa gap in the regulation regarding any 
chemical substances not already on the Inventory. In light of the 
proposed exemptions outlined in Unit III.A, however, EPA is interested 
in comments on the scope of reportable substances in this regulation.
    Further, EPA has received stakeholder comment recommending a 
production-volume threshold below which reporting on a given PFAS would 
not be required. EPA has received feedback from certain stakeholders 
that a 2,500 lbs. threshold would be appropriate for this rule, as the 
Chemical Data Reporting Rule provides a 2,500 lbs.

[[Page 50933]]

threshold for chemical substances subject to specific TSCA activities 
(see 40 CFR 711.8). However, EPA is not proposing to provide a 
production-volume threshold. Because this rule aims to provide an 
understanding of which PFAS have been commercially manufactured in the 
United States since 2011, and for which uses, EPA does not believe that 
incorporating a minimum threshold would enable the Agency to meet its 
information needs. EPA understands that some PFAS that were 
manufactured in lower quantities may still persist in the environment, 
and the Agency is interested in understanding the extent of 
environmental exposure. EPA also notes that there is precedent for 
promulgating a TSCA rule without a minimum threshold where the 
regulated chemical(s) are of significant interest to EPA, including due 
to potential health or environmental concerns.
    EPA is amenable to comments regarding the benefits and/or drawbacks 
of providing such a threshold and what would be an appropriate 
threshold. EPA would also be interested in comments on whether such a 
threshold would either make other proposed exemptions unnecessary or 
impact their scope, e.g., the de minimis threshold.

B. Should EPA modify any assumptions or cost savings calculations in 
its Economic Analysis?

    EPA is specifically seeking comments and data to consider in 
developing an Economic Analysis for a final rule. In this proposed 
rule's Economic Analysis (Ref. 1), EPA assumes that 255 manufacturing 
firms have undergone all compliance determination and rule 
familiarization activities, and 20,985 article importers have undergone 
some level of compliance determination and rule familiarization since 
the promulgation of the final rule on October 11, 2023 (88 FR 70516) 
(FRL-7902-02-OCSPP). Therefore, EPA estimates that approximately 5% of 
the estimated total industry cost for the 2023 final rule has already 
occurred. These assumptions of sunk costs for article importers are 
based on inquiries EPA has received specifically related to this rule's 
imported article scope, EPA's expectation that small article importers 
would be less likely to have completed rule familiarization and 
compliance determination activities due to their delayed reporting 
deadline under the 2023 final rule, and EPA's best professional 
judgement.
    In considering the burden reduction this proposed rule would 
provide, EPA is seeking comment on its assumptions, including on the 
sunk costs estimates described above and on the assumption that the 
exemption for article importers and the 26 percent reduction in 
reporting from manufacturers would not result in a large reduction in 
benefits. EPA requests any information that can be provided to refine 
its estimates related to cost savings of this proposed action.

V. References

    The following is a listing of the documents specifically referenced 
in this document. The docket includes these documents and other 
information EPA considered, including documents that are referenced 
within the documents that are included in the docket, even if the 
referenced document is not physically located in the docket. For 
assistance in locating these other documents, please consult the 
technical person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.

1. EPA. Economic Analysis for the Proposed Rule entitled: 
``Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Data 
Reporting and Recordkeeping under the Toxics Substances Control Act 
(TSCA); Revision to Regulation.'' May 2025.
2. EPA. Final Report of the Small Business Advocacy Review Panel on 
EPA's Proposed Rule: Toxic Substances Control Act Reporting and 
Recordkeeping Requirements for Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl 
Substances. August 2, 2022. https://www.regulations.gov/document/EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0549-0123.
3. EPA. Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA) and Updated 
Economic Analysis for TSCA Section 8(a)(7) Reporting and 
Recordkeeping Requirements for Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl 
Substances. November 2022.
4. EPA. Economic Analysis for the Final TSCA Section 8(a)(7) 
Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements for Perfluoroalkyl and 
Polyfluoroalkyl Substances. September 2023.
5. EPA. Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis and Updated Economic 
Analysis for TSCA Section 8(a)(7) Reporting and Recordkeeping 
Requirements for Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances. 
September 2023.
6. EPA. ``National PFAS Testing Strategy: Identification of 
Candidate Per- and Poly-fluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) for Testing.'' 
October 2021. Available at https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2021-10/pfas-natl-test-strategy.pdf.
7. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). ``Per-and polyfluoroalkyl 
substances (PFAS).'' August 2025. Available at https://echa.europa.eu/hot-topics/perfluoroalkyl-chemicals-pfas.
8. Lexxion. ``Global Regulations Around PFAS: The Past, the present 
and the Future.'' January 2025. Available at https://icrl.lexxion.eu/article/icrl/2023/1/4/display/html.
9. EPA. ``Fact Sheet: Draft Sewage Sludge Risk Assessment for PFOA 
and PFOS.'' January 2025. Available at https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2025-01/fact-sheet-draft-sewage-sludge-risk-assessment-pfoa-pfos.pdf.
10. EPA. ``Human Health Toxicity Values for Hexafluoropropylene 
Oxide (HFPO) Dimer Acid and Its Ammonium Salt (CASRN 13252-13-6 and 
CASRN 62037-80-3).'' Available at https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2021-10/genx-chemicals-toxicity-assessment_tech-edited_oct-21-508.pdf.
11. EPA. ``Chemical Data Reporting Byproducts, Impurities, and 
Recycling Scenarios.'' December 2022. Available at https://tscaguideme.epa.gov/ords/tsca-gme/r/tsca/cdr-guideme/gd?gd=byproductrecycling.
12. EPA. ``Supporting Statement for an Information Collection 
Request (ICR) Under the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA).'' May 2025.

VI. Statutory and Executive Orders Reviews

    Additional information about these statutes and Executive Orders 
can be found at https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders.

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive 
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review

    This action is a significant regulatory action as defined under 
section 3(f)(1) of Executive Order 12866. Accordingly, it was submitted 
to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review under Executive 
Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993). Any changes made in 
response to Executive Order 12866 review have been documented in the 
docket. The EPA prepared an analysis of the potential costs and 
benefits associated with this action. This analysis (Ref. 1) is 
available in the docket and is briefly summarize in Unit I.E.

B. Executive Order 14192: Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation

    This action is expected to be an Executive Order 14192 deregulatory 
action. Details on the estimated cost savings of this proposed rule can 
be found in EPA's analysis of the potential costs and benefits 
associated with this action (Ref. 1).

C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)

    The information collection activities in this proposed rule have 
been submitted for approval to the Office of Management and Budget 
(OMB) under the PRA. The Information Collection Request (ICR) document 
that the EPA prepared has been assigned EPA ICR number 2682.03, to 
replace an existing approved ICR. You can find a copy of the ICR in the 
docket for this rule (Ref. 12), and it is briefly summarized here.

[[Page 50934]]

    The reporting requirements identified in the proposed rule would 
enable EPA to meet the statutory obligations required by TSCA section 
8(a)(7) and collect data related to the identities, manufacture, use, 
exposure, and disposal of PFAS manufactured in the United States since 
2011. These proposed reporting requirements would also help the Agency 
to collect existing information on the health and environmental effects 
of PFAS. EPA intends to use information collected under the rule to 
assist in chemical assessments under TSCA, and to inform any additional 
work necessary under environmental protection mandates beyond TSCA. 
Respondents may claim some of the information reported to EPA under the 
proposed rule as CBI under TSCA section 14. TSCA section 14(c) requires 
a supporting statement and certification for confidentiality claims 
asserted after June 22, 2016.
    Respondents/affected entities: Non-exempt manufacturers (including 
importers) of PFAS in any year between January 1, 2011, and December 
31, 2022.
    Respondent's obligation to respond: Mandatory (15 U.S.C. 
2607(a)(7)).
    Estimated number of respondents: 255.
    Frequency of response: Once.
    Total estimated burden: 134,004 hours (per year). Burden is defined 
at 5 CFR 1320.3(b).
    Total estimated cost: $11.4 million (per year), includes no 
annualized capital or operation & maintenance costs.
    An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required 
to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a 
currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for the 
EPA's regulations in 40 CFR are listed in 40 CFR part 9.
    Submit your comments on the Agency's need for this information, the 
accuracy of the provided burden estimates and any suggested methods for 
minimizing respondent burden to the EPA using the docket identified at 
the beginning of this rule. The EPA will respond to any ICR-related 
comments in the final rule. You may also send your ICR-related comments 
to OMB's Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs using the 
interface at www.reginfo.gov/public/do/PRAMain. Find this particular 
information collection by selecting ``Currently under Review--Open for 
Public Comments'' or by using the search function. OMB must receive 
comments no later than [INSERT DATE 30 DAYS AFTER PUBLICATION IN THE 
FEDERAL REGISTER].

D. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

    I certify that this action will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. In 
making this determination, the EPA concludes that the impact of concern 
for this rule is any significant adverse economic impact on small 
entities and that the agency is certifying that this rule will not have 
a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities 
because the rule relieves regulatory burden on the small entities 
subject to the rule. This proposed action would alleviate reporting 
requirements on small entities subject to an existing rule by exempting 
certain activities from the scope of reporting. As a result of the 
proposed exemptions, an estimated 127,469 small article importers would 
no longer be subject to the regulation. Additionally, as a result of 
the proposed revisions, an estimated 241 small manufacturing firms 
would see lower reporting costs. Affected small businesses are expected 
to be relieved of $703-$761 million in costs. This proposed action 
would not impose incremental costs on any small entities. We have 
therefore concluded that this action will relieve regulatory burden for 
all directly regulated small entities.

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)

    This action does not contain an unfunded mandate of $100 million 
(in 1995 dollars and adjusted annually for inflation) or more as 
described in UMRA, 2. U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments. The action imposes no enforceable 
duty on any state, local or tribal governments or the private sector.

F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    This action does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999), because it will 
not have substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship 
between the national government and the states, or on the distribution 
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.

G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments

    This action does not have tribal implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000), because it will 
not have substantial direct effects on tribal governments, on the 
relationship between the Federal government and the Indian tribes, or 
on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal 
government and Indian tribes. This action does not impose substantial 
direct compliance costs on federally recognized Indian tribal 
governments. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action.

H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Health Risks and Safety Risks

    EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) 
as applying only to those regulatory actions that concern environmental 
health or safety risks that EPA has reason to believe may 
disproportionately affect children, per the definition of ``covered 
regulatory action'' in section 2-202 of the Executive Order. Therefore, 
this action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because it does not 
concern an environmental human health risk or safety risk. Since this 
action does not concern human health, EPA's Policy on Children's Health 
also does not apply. Although this action would not establish an 
environmental standard intended to mitigate health or safety risks, the 
information that would be submitted to EPA in accordance with this 
proposed rule would be used to inform the Agency's decision-making 
process regarding chemical substances to which children may be 
disproportionately exposed. This information may also assist the Agency 
and others in determining whether the chemical substances covered in 
this proposed rule present potential risks, which would allow the 
Agency and others to take appropriate action to investigate and 
mitigate those risks.

I. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution or Use

    This action is not a ``significant energy action'' because it is 
not likely to have any adverse effect on the supply, distribution or 
use of energy.

J. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA)

    This action does not involve technical standards under the NTTAA 
section 12(d), 15 U.S.C. 272.

[[Page 50935]]

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 705

    Environmental protection, Chemicals, Recordkeeping and reporting 
requirements.

Lee Zeldin,
Administrator.

    Therefore, for the reasons set forth in the preamble, EPA proposes 
to amend 40 CFR part 705 as follows:

PART 705--REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN PER- 
AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES

0
1. The authority for part 705 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 2607(a)(7).

0
2. Amend Sec.  705.3 by revising the introductory paragraph to read as 
follows:


Sec.  705.3  Definitions.

    The definitions in this section and the definitions in TSCA section 
3 apply to this part. In addition, the definitions in 40 CFR 704.3 also 
apply to this part.
* * * * *
0
3. Amend Sec.  705.5 to read as follows:


Sec.  705.5   Substances for which reports must be submitted.

    The requirements of this part apply to all chemical substances and 
mixtures containing a chemical substance that are a PFAS, consistent 
with the definition of PFAS at Sec.  705.3, except as described in 
Sec.  705.12.
* * * * *
0
4. Amend Sec.  705.12 by revising the introductory paragraph and adding 
paragraphs a, b, c, d, e, and f in alphabetical order to read as 
follows:


Sec.  705.12  Activities for which reporting is not required.

    A person described in Sec.  705.10 is not subject to the 
requirements of this part with respect to any chemical substance 
described in Sec.  705.5, when:
    (a) The person imported municipal solid waste streams for the 
purpose of disposal or destruction of the waste.
    (b) The person is a Federal agency which imports PFAS when it is 
not for any immediate or eventual commercial advantage.
    (c) The person manufactured (including imported) the chemical 
substance solely in small quantities for research and development.
    (d) The person imported the chemical substance as part of an 
article.
    (e) The person manufactured the chemical substance in a manner 
described in 40 CFR 720.30(h).
    (f) The person manufactured (including imported) the chemical 
substance in a mixture or article, below a 0.1% de minimis 
concentration.
* * * * *
0
5. Amend Sec.  705.15 by:
0
a. Revising the introductory paragraph;
0
b. Revising the introductory text paragraph in (b);
0
c. Revising and replacing Table 5; and
0
d. Revising paragraph (f)(1).
    The revisions to read as follows:


Sec.  705.15  What information to report.

    For the one-time submission, persons identified in Sec.  705.10 
must report to EPA, for each site of each of the chemical substances 
identified in Sec.  705.5, the following information to the extent 
known to or reasonably ascertainable by them. In the event that actual 
data is not known to or reasonably ascertainable by the submitter, then 
reasonable estimates may be submitted.

Table 5 to Paragraph (c)(4)--Codes for Reporting Consumer and Commercial
                           Product Categories
------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Code                               Category
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Chemical Substances in Furnishing, Cleaning, Treatment Care Products
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC101....................  Construction and building materials covering
                            large surface areas including stone,
                            plaster, cement, glass and ceramic articles;
                            fabrics, textiles, and apparel.
CC102....................  Furniture & furnishings including plastic
                            articles (soft); leather articles.
CC103....................  Furniture & furnishings including stone,
                            plaster, cement, glass and ceramic articles;
                            metal articles; or rubber articles.
CC104....................  Leather conditioner.
CC105....................  Leather tanning, dye, finishing, impregnation
                            and care products.
CC106....................  Textile (fabric) dyes.
CC107....................  Textile finishing and impregnating/surface
                            treatment products.
CC108....................  All-purpose foam spray cleaner.
CC109....................  All-purpose liquid cleaner/polish.
CC110....................  All-purpose liquid spray cleaner.
CC111....................  All-purpose waxes and polishes.
CC112....................  Appliance cleaners.
CC113....................  Drain and toilet cleaners (liquid).
CC114....................  Powder cleaners (floors).
CC115....................  Powder cleaners (porcelain).
CC116....................  Dishwashing detergent (liquid/gel).
CC117....................  Dishwashing detergent (unit dose/granule).
CC118....................  Dishwashing detergent liquid (hand-wash).
CC119....................  Dry cleaning and associated products.
CC120....................  Fabric enhancers.
CC121....................  Laundry detergent (unit-dose/granule).
CC122....................  Laundry detergent (liquid).
CC123....................  Stain removers.
CC124....................  Ion exchangers.
CC125....................  Liquid water treatment products.
CC126....................  Solid/Powder water treatment products.
CC127....................  Liquid body soap.
CC128....................  Liquid hand soap.
CC129....................  Solid bar soap.
CC130....................  Air fresheners for motor vehicles.
CC131....................  Continuous action air fresheners.
CC132....................  Instant action air fresheners.
CC133....................  Anti-static spray.
CC134....................  Apparel finishing, and impregnating/surface
                            treatment products.

[[Page 50936]]

 
CC135....................  Insect repellent treatment.
CC136....................  Pre-market waxes, stains, and polishes
                            applied to footwear.
CC137....................  Post-market waxes, and polishes applied to
                            footwear (shoe polish).
CC138....................  Waterproofing and water-resistant sprays.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Chemical Substances in Construction, Paint, Electrical, and Metal
                                Products
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC201....................  Fillers and putties.
CC202....................  Hot-melt adhesives.
CC203....................  One-component caulks.
CC204....................  Solder.
CC205....................  Single-component glues and adhesives.
CC206....................  Two-component caulks.
CC207....................  Two-component glues and adhesives.
CC208....................  Adhesive/Caulk removers.
CC209....................  Aerosol spray paints.
CC210....................  Lacquers, stains, varnishes and floor
                            finishes.
CC211....................  Paint strippers/removers.
CC212....................  Powder coatings.
CC213....................  Radiation curable coatings.
CC214....................  Solvent-based paint.
CC215....................  Thinners.
CC216....................  Water-based paint.
CC217....................  Wood and engineered wood articles:
                            Construction and building materials covering
                            large surface areas.
CC218....................  Non-metal and non-wood articles not covered
                            elsewhere: Construction and building
                            materials covering large surface areas,
                            including but not limited to paper articles;
                            plastic, rubber, fiberglass, and other
                            composite articles; stone, asphalt, plaster,
                            cement, glass, and ceramic articles.
CC219....................  Small-scale complex (i.e., mixed material)
                            machinery, mechanical appliances, and
                            electrical/electronic articles.
CC220....................  Large-scale complex (i.e., mixed material)
                            machinery, motor vehicles, mechanical
                            appliances, and electrical/electronic
                            articles.
CC221....................  Metal products, including construction/
                            building materials, parts, or other metal
                            articles not covered elsewhere.
CC222....................  Electrical batteries and accumulators.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Chemical Substances in Packaging, Paper, Plastic, Toys, Hobby Products
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC990....................  Non-TSCA use.
CC301....................  Packaging (excluding food packaging),
                            including paper articles.
CC302....................  Other articles with routine direct contact
                            during normal use, including paper articles.
CC303....................  Articles without routine direct contact, such
                            as packaging (excluding food packaging),
                            including rubber articles; plastic articles
                            (hard); plastic articles (soft).
CC304....................  Articles without routine direct contact, such
                            as packaging (excluding food packaging),
                            including rubber articles; plastic articles
                            (hard); plastic articles (soft).
CC305....................  Toys intended for children's use (and child-
                            dedicated articles), including but not
                            limited to fabrics, textiles, and apparel;
                            metal articles; wood articles; paper
                            articles; plaster, glass, and ceramic
                            articles; and/or plastic, rubber,
                            fiberglass, and other composite articles
                            (hard).
CC306....................  Adhesives applied at elevated temperatures.
CC307....................  Cement/concrete.
CC308....................  Crafting glue.
CC309....................  Crafting paint (applied to body).
CC310....................  Crafting paint (applied to craft).
CC311....................  Fixatives and finishing spray coatings.
CC312....................  Modelling clay.
CC313....................  Correction fluid/tape.
CC314....................  Inks in writing equipment (liquid).
CC315....................  Inks used for stamps.
CC316....................  Toner/Printer cartridge.
CC317....................  Liquid photographic processing solutions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Chemical Substances in Automotive, Fuel, Agriculture, Outdoor Use
                                Products
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC401....................  Exterior car washes and soaps.
CC402....................  Exterior car waxes, polishes, and coatings.
CC403....................  Interior car care.
CC404....................  Touch up auto paint.
CC405....................  Degreasers.
CC406....................  Liquid lubricants and greases.
CC407....................  Paste lubricants and greases.
CC408....................  Spray lubricants and greases.
CC409....................  Anti-freeze liquids.
CC410....................  De-icing liquids.
CC411....................  De-icing solids.
CC412....................  Lock de-icers/releasers.

[[Page 50937]]

 
CC413....................  Cooking and heating fuels.
CC414....................  Fuel additives.
CC415....................  Vehicular or appliance fuels.
CC416....................  Explosive materials.
CC417....................  Agricultural non-pesticidal products.
CC418....................  Lawn and garden care products.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Chemical Substances in Products Not Described by Other Codes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC980....................  Other (specify).
CC990....................  Non-TSCA use.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    (b) Chemical-specific information. The following chemical-specific 
information must be reported for each chemical substance that is a PFAS 
manufactured for each year since January 1, 2011. This includes each 
chemical substance that is a PFAS and incorporated into mixtures:
* * * * *

Table 5 to Paragraph (c)(4)--Codes for Reporting Consumer and 
Commercial Product Categories

* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (1) Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 
Harmonized Templates. For each unpublished study report, the submitter 
shall complete an OECD Harmonized Templates for Reporting Chemical Test 
Summaries and submit the accompanying study reports and supporting 
information. This can be accomplished by using the freely available 
IUCLID software. Templates need not be prepared for exposure-related 
information the manufacturer is otherwise submitting through the 
reporting application described in Sec.  705.35.
* * * * *
0
5. Remove and reserve Sec.  705.18.


Sec.  705.18  [Reserved]

* * * * *
0
6. Revise Sec.  705.20 to read as follows:


Sec.  705.20   When to report.

    All information reported to EPA in response to the requirements of 
this part must be submitted during the applicable submission period. 
For all reporters submitting information pursuant to Sec.  705.15, the 
submission period shall begin on [DATE 2 MONTHS AFTER EFFECTIVE DATE OF 
THE FINAL RULE], and last for three months: [DATE 2 MONTHS AFTER 
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE FINAL RULE], through [DATE 5 MONTHS AFTER 
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE FINAL RULE].
* * * * *
0
7. Amend Sec.  705.30 by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (a)(2) in numerical order;
0
b. Revising paragraph (a)(2)(ii);
0
c. Reserve paragraph (a)(2)(iv)
0
d. Revise paragraph (b)(2)(i)
0
e. Revising paragraph (f);
0
f. Revising paragraph (g); and
0
g. Revise paragraph (h).
    The revisions to read as follows:


Sec.  705.30   Confidentiality claims.

    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (i) * * *
    (ii) For processing and use data elements required by Sec. Sec.  
705.15(c)(1) through (7);
    (iii) * * *
    (iv) [Reserved]
* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (i) Volume. Production volume information required pursuant to 
Sec. Sec.  705.15(d)(1), (5), and (6).
* * * * *
    (f) Additional requirements for specific chemical identity. A 
person may assert a claim of confidentiality for the specific chemical 
identity of a chemical substance as described in Sec.  705.15(b)(1)(i) 
only if the identity of that chemical substance is treated as 
confidential in the Master Inventory File (or as a confidential LVE) as 
of the time the report is submitted for that chemical substance, if 
that substance is currently on the Inventory or is an LVE. Any person 
who asserts a claim of confidentiality for the specific chemical 
identity under this paragraph must provide a generic chemical name. To 
assert a claim of confidentiality for the identity of a reportable 
chemical substance, you must submit with the report detailed written 
answers to the questions from paragraph (b) of this section and to the 
following questions.
* * * * *
    (g) Joint submissions. If a primary submitter asks a secondary 
submitter to provide information directly to EPA in a joint submission 
under Sec.  705.15(b)(1)(i), only the primary submitter may assert a 
confidentiality claim for the data elements that it directly submits to 
EPA. The primary submitter must substantiate those claims that are not 
exempt under paragraph (b)(2) of this section. The secondary submitter 
is responsible for asserting all confidentiality claims for the data 
elements that it submits directly to EPA and for substantiating those 
claims that are not exempt under paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
    (h) No claim of confidentiality. Information not claimed as 
confidential business information in accordance with the requirements 
of this section may be made public (e.g., by publication of specific 
chemical name and CASRN on the public portion of the TSCA Inventory). 
EPA will provide advance public notice of specific chemical identities 
to be added to the public portion of the TSCA Inventory.
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2025-19882 Filed 11-12-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P