[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 174 (Thursday, September 11, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 43952-43955]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-17501]


=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R09-OAR-2025-0458; FRL-12915-01-R9]


Air Plan Revisions; Arizona; Maricopa County Air Quality 
Department; Particulate Matter; Incinerators, Burn-Off Ovens, and 
Crematories

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing an 
approval of revisions to the Maricopa County Air Quality Department 
(MCAQD) portion of the Arizona State Implementation Plan (SIP). These 
revisions concern emissions of particulate matter from incinerators, 
burn-off ovens, and crematories. We are proposing to approve revisions 
to a local rule that regulates these emissions sources under the Clean 
Air Act (CAA or ``Act''). We are taking comments on this proposal and 
plan to follow with a final action.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before October 14, 2025.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R09-
OAR-2025-0458 at https://www.regulations.gov. For comments submitted at 
Regulations.gov, follow the online instructions for submitting 
comments. Once submitted, comments

[[Page 43953]]

cannot be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish 
any comment received to its public docket. Do not submit electronically 
any information you consider to be Confidential Business Information 
(CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. 
Multimedia submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a 
written comment. The written comment is considered the official comment 
and should include discussion of all points you wish to make. The EPA 
will generally not consider comments or comment contents located 
outside of the primary submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other 
file sharing system). For additional submission methods, please contact 
the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. 
For the full EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or 
multimedia submissions, and general guidance on making effective 
comments, please visit https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets. If you need assistance in a language other than English or if 
you are a person with a disability who needs a reasonable accommodation 
at no cost to you, please contact the person identified in the FOR 
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Eugene Chen, EPA Region IX, 75 
Hawthorne St., San Francisco, CA 94105; telephone number: (415) 947-
4304; email address: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, ``we,'' ``us,'' 
and ``our'' refer to the EPA.

Table of Contents

I. The State's Submittal
    A. What did the State submit?
    B. Are there other related submittals?
    C. What is the purpose of the submittal?
II. The EPA's Evaluation and Action
    A. How is the EPA evaluating the rule and the request for 
rescission and replacement?
    B. Does the rule revision, and rule rescissions, meet the 
evaluation criteria?
    C. Proposed Action and Public Comment
III. Incorporation by Reference
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. The State's Submittal

A. What did the State submit?

    On December 23, 2024, the Arizona Department of Environmental 
Quality (ADEQ) submitted a SIP revision for the MCAQD portion of the 
Arizona SIP (``2024 SIP submittal''). The 2024 SIP submittal requests 
that the EPA approve MCAQD Rule 313--Incinerators, Burn-Off Ovens, and 
Crematories, revised December 11, 2024 (``Rule 313''). Additionally, 
the 2024 SIP submittal requests that the requirements in Rule 313 be 
used to replace two sets of requirements from the SIP: the version of 
Rule 313 currently in the SIP and MCAQD Rule 35--Incinerators, revised 
August 12, 1971 (``Rule 35'').
    Table 1 lists the rule we are proposing for approval with the dates 
that it was adopted by the local air agency and submitted to the EPA by 
the ADEQ. Table 2 lists the rules proposed to be rescinded from the SIP 
with the dates that they were adopted by the local air agency and 
approved into the SIP.

                                      Table 1--Submitted Rule for Approval
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Local agency          Rule No.        Rule title             Amended                  Submitted
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MCAQD....................          313  Incinerators, Burn-   December 11, 2024..  December 23, 2024.
                                         Off Ovens, and
                                         Crematories.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                         Table 2--Rules To Be Rescinded
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                      Local revision    SIP approved
     Local agency        Rule No.      Rule title          date             date              FR citation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MCAQD................          313  Incinerators,    May 9, 2012....  September 25,    79 FR 57445.
                                     Burn-Off                          2014.
                                     Ovens, and
                                     Crematories.
MCAQD................           35  Incinerators...  August 12, 1971  July 27, 1972..  37 FR 15080.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On June 23, 2025, the 2024 SIP submittal was deemed complete by 
operation of law. We have reviewed the submittal to ensure it meets the 
completeness criteria in 40 CFR part 51, appendix V.

B. Are there other related submittals?

    In 2016, the EPA reformatted the Arizona SIP as codified in the 
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) into a tabulated ``notebook'' format. 
While developing the updated SIP tables for that conversion, the EPA 
worked closely with ADEQ and the local air agencies to clarify what was 
in their applicable SIP, including older provisions that had not been 
updated or replaced to reflect local rulemakings. On September 13, 
2017, because of that coordination, ADEQ submitted a SIP revision from 
MCAQD that requested to rescind or replace many obsolete rules in their 
federally enforceable SIP in favor of rules that reflect their current 
locally enforceable rulebook (``2017 SIP submittal''). The 2017 SIP 
submittal requested that the EPA rescind the SIP-approved version of 
Rule 35 and replace it with the version of Rule 313 currently in the 
SIP. However, the 2024 SIP submittal clarifies that this request has 
been superseded by the request to replace Rule 35 with the currently 
submitted revised version of Rule 313. If we finalize this rulemaking 
as proposed, the December 11, 2024 version of Rule 313 will replace the 
SIP-approved version of Rule 313 and Rule 35 in the MCAQD portion of 
the Arizona SIP.

C. What is the purpose of the submittal?

    Rule 313 contains particulate matter (PM) and opacity standards for 
incinerators, burn-off ovens, and crematories. It also contains 
additional requirements such as work practice standards for specific 
cremation procedures (such as large charges or nighttime operations), 
as well as monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements. Rule 
revisions in the version adopted on December 14, 2024, include 
additional monitoring provisions and PM performance testing 
requirements, clarifications to several definitions, additional detail 
and clarity regarding recordkeeping requirements, and the addition of 
provisions or requirements established in Rule 35 to ensure that Rule 
35 rescission does not result in interference with any existing CAA 
requirements. There are no revisions to the existing PM or opacity 
standards. In addition, MCAQD does not rely upon the standards 
established in Rule 313 to meet any nonattainment area requirements. A 
technical support document (TSD) that provides further

[[Page 43954]]

analysis of Rule 313 revisions is included in the docket for this 
rulemaking. Rule 35 controls the emissions of PM from any incinerators 
located in the MCAQD. The rule includes permit conditions, daily 
limits, and monitoring for PM and opacity. A separate TSD that provides 
further analysis of Rule 35 rescission is included in the docket for 
this rulemaking.

II. The EPA's Evaluation and Action

A. How is the EPA evaluating the rule and the request for rescission 
and replacement?

    Emissions limitations in the SIP must be enforceable (see CAA 
section 110(a)(2)) and must not interfere with applicable requirements 
concerning attainment and reasonable further progress or other CAA 
requirements (see CAA section 110(l)). Once a rule has been approved as 
part of a SIP, the rescission of that rule from the SIP constitutes a 
SIP revision. To approve such a revision, the EPA must determine 
whether the revision meets relevant CAA criteria for stringency, if 
any, and complies with restrictions on relaxation of SIP measures under 
CAA section 110(l), and the General Savings Clause in CAA section 193 
for SIP approved control requirements in effect before November 15, 
1990.
    Guidance and policy documents that we use to evaluate 
enforceability, revision/relaxation and rule stringency requirements 
for the applicable criteria pollutants include the following:

    1.''Issues Relating to VOC Regulation Cutpoints, Deficiencies, 
and Deviations,'' EPA, May 25, 1988 (the Bluebook, revised January 
11, 1990).
    2. ``Guidance Document for Correcting Common VOC & Other Rule 
Deficiencies,'' EPA Region 9, August 21, 2001 (the Little Bluebook).

B. Does the rule revision, and rule rescissions, meet the evaluation 
criteria?

    Rule 313 strengthens the SIP by clarifying monitoring and 
recordkeeping provisions. This rule meets CAA requirements and is 
consistent with relevant guidance regarding enforceability and SIP 
revisions. A portion of Maricopa County regulated by MCAQD is 
designated nonattainment for the particulate matter with a diameter of 
10 micrometers or smaller (PM10) national ambient air 
quality standard. However, since the Rule 313 requirements are not 
relied upon to meet any nonattainment area requirements, we have not 
evaluated it for stringency.
    Additionally, we have concluded that Rule 35 is appropriate for 
rescission from the SIP. The requirements in Rule 35 will be replaced 
with analogous requirements in Rule 313 that are at least as stringent. 
For example, incineration is allowed during nighttime, requirements to 
test PM emissions are added, opacity testing now follows federal 
requirements, and monitoring and recordkeeping requirements are 
clearer. As such, the replacement of Rule 35 would not impact the 
overall stringency of the Arizona SIP.
    The two TSDs in the docket have more detailed information on our 
evaluation.

C. Proposed Action and Public Comment

    As authorized in section 110(k)(3) of the Act, the EPA proposes to 
approve the submitted rule because it fulfills all relevant 
requirements. The EPA also proposes to approve the requested rescission 
of the rest of Rule 35, and replacement with Rule 313, because it 
fulfills all relevant requirements. We will accept comments from the 
public on this proposal until October 14, 2025. If we take final action 
to approve Rule 313, our final action will incorporate this rule into 
the federally enforceable SIP.

III. Incorporation by Reference

    In this document, the EPA is proposing to include in a final EPA 
rule regulatory text that includes incorporation by reference. In 
accordance with requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, the EPA is proposing to 
incorporate by reference Maricopa County Air Quality District, Rule 
313, Incinerators, Burn-Off Ovens, and Crematories, revised December 
11, 2024, which establishes emissions standards for particulate matter 
and opacity. In addition, the EPA is proposing to rescind Rule 35 and 
replace it with the submitted Rule 313 in the MCAQD portion of the 
Arizona SIP, because the requested replacement fulfills all relevant 
requirements. The EPA has made, and will continue to make, these 
materials available through https://www.regulations.gov and at the EPA 
Region IX Office (please contact the person identified in the FOR 
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this preamble for more 
information).

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP 
submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable 
federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in 
reviewing SIP submissions, the EPA's role is to approve state choices, 
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this 
proposed action merely proposes to approve state law as meeting federal 
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those 
imposed by state law. For that reason, this proposed action:
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review 
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 12866 (58 
FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
     Is not subject to Executive Order 14192 (90 FR 9065, 
February 6, 2025) because SIP actions are exempt from review under 
Executive Order 12866;
     Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
     Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     Does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
     Is not subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, 
April 23, 1997) because it proposes to approve a state program;
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); and
     Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the CAA.
    In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian 
reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian Tribe 
has demonstrated that a Tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of 
Indian country, the rule does not have Tribal implications and will not 
impose substantial direct costs on Tribal governments or preempt Tribal 
law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 
2000).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by 
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Particulate matter, Reporting 
and recordkeeping requirements.


[[Page 43955]]


    Dated: September 3, 2025.
Michael Martucci,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region IX.
[FR Doc. 2025-17501 Filed 9-10-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P