[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 165 (Thursday, August 28, 2025)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 41897-41899]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-16467]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R06-OAR-2013-0388; FRL-12796-02-R6]


Air Plan Approval; Texas; Interstate Transport Requirements for 
the 2010 SO2 NAAQS

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: Pursuant to the Federal Clean Air Act (CAA or the Act), the 
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is approving the portion of the 
State Implementation Plan (SIP) submittal from the State of Texas 
demonstrating that the State satisfies the interstate transport 
requirements of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I), also known as the ``good 
neighbor'' provision of the CAA, for the 2010 1-hour sulfur dioxide 
(SO2) primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). 
The good neighbor provision requires each State's implementation plan 
to contain adequate provisions prohibiting the interstate transport of 
air pollution in amounts that will contribute significantly to 
nonattainment, or interfere with maintenance, of a NAAQS in any other 
State.

DATES: This rule is effective on September 29, 2025.

ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a docket for this action under 
Docket ID No. EPA-R06-OAR-2013-0388. All documents in the docket are 
listed on the https://www.regulations.gov website. Although listed in 
the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., 
Confidential Business Information or other information whose disclosure 
is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted 
material, is not placed on the internet. Publicly available docket 
materials are available electronically through https://www.regulations.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Nevine Salem, EPA Region 6 Office,

[[Page 41898]]

Ozone and Infrastructure SIP Section, 214-665-7222, 
[email protected]. Please call or email the contact listed above if 
you need alternative access to material indexed but not provided in the 
docket.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document ``we,'' ``us,'' and 
``our'' means the EPA.

I. Background

    Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) of the CAA requires a State's SIP to 
include provisions prohibiting any source or other type of emission 
activity in the State from emitting any air pollutant in amounts that 
will contribute significantly to nonattainment, or interfere with 
maintenance, of the NAAQS in any other State. EPA has long interpreted 
this language to enact a ``functional prohibition'' on certain 
emissions from upwind states, necessitating the EPA's independent 
assessment whether those emissions will occur or have been adequately 
controlled in the State where they originate. The EPA often refers to 
these requirements as Prong 1 (significant contribution to 
nonattainment of the NAAQS) and Prong 2 (interference with maintenance 
of the NAAQS). Additional background for this action is discussed in 
detail in our June 18, 2025, proposal (90 FR 25924). In that document 
we proposed to approve the portions of the infrastructure SIP 
submission adopted by the state of Texas on April 23, 2013, and 
submitted May 06, 2013, addressing interstate transport for the 2010 1-
hour SO2 NAAQS.
    The EPA provided a 30-day review and comment period for the June 
18, 2025, proposed rulemaking. The comment period ended on July 18, 
2025. We received two comments on our proposed action, one in support 
from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) and another 
that was outside the scope of our rulemaking from an anonymous 
commentor. EPA acknowledges receipt of the comments. See section II of 
this preamble for a brief discussion of the comments and EPA's 
response. Full copies of the comments received are included in the 
docket for this rule making.

II. Response to Comments

    Comment: The TCEQ comment states that the EPA's review of recent 
air monitoring data in their supplemental analysis arrived at the same 
conclusion Texas made in the 2013 SIP submittal; Texas does not 
contribute significantly to nonattainment or maintenance of the 2010 1-
hour SO2 NAAQS in other states.
    Response: EPA appreciates the TCEQ's comment in support of EPA's 
rulemaking.
    Comment: An anonymous public comment recommends EPA to not accept 
the Texas plan and notes issues that are outside the scope of this 
rulemaking.
    Response: EPA acknowledges receipt of the anonymous comment. This 
comment does not address, with any specificity, any particular issues 
with EPA's rationale or basis in the proposal, thus we do not have any 
information upon which to respond that would change our rationale put 
forward in the proposal. The remainder of the items raised in this 
comment are outside the scope of this action.

III. Final Action

    The EPA is approving the portions of the Texas' SIP that address 
two of the interstate transport requirements for the 2010 1-hour 
SO2 NAAQS as these portions meet the requirements in CAA 
section 110 and specifically in 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I). EPA determines that 
the Texas SIP contains adequate provisions to ensure that the air 
emissions in the state will not significantly contribute to 
nonattainment or interfere with maintenance of the 2010 SO2 
NAAQS in any other state. This action is being taken under section 110 
of the Act.

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the Clean Air Act, the Administrator is required to approve a 
SIP submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and 
applicable Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). 
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, the EPA's role is to approve state 
choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the Clean Air Act. 
Accordingly, this action merely approves state law as meeting Federal 
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those 
imposed by state law. For that reason, this action:
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review 
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 12866 (58 
FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
     Is not subject to Executive Order 14192 (90 FR 9065, 
February 6, 2025) because SIP actions are exempt from review under 
Executive Order 12866;
     Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
     Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     Does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
     Is not subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, 
April 23, 1997) because it approves a state program;
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); and
     Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the Clean Air Act.
    In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian 
reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian Tribe 
has demonstrated that a Tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of 
Indian country, the proposed rule does not have Tribal implications and 
will not impose substantial direct costs on Tribal governments or 
preempt Tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, 
November 9, 2000).
    This action is subject to the Congressional Review Act, and the EPA 
will submit a rule report to each House of the Congress and to the 
Comptroller General of the United States. This action is not a ``major 
rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
    Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean Air Act, petitions for 
judicial review of this action must be filed in the United States Court 
of Appeals for the appropriate circuit by October 27, 2025. Filing a 
petition for reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule 
does not affect the finality of this action for the purposes of 
judicial review nor does it extend the time within which a petition for 
judicial review may be filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness 
of such rule or action. This action may not be challenged later in 
proceedings to enforce its requirements. (See section 307(b)(2).)

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by 
reference, Interstate transport of pollution, Sulfur oxide.


[[Page 41899]]


    Dated: August 20, 2025.
Walter Mason,
Regional Administrator, Region 6.

    For the reasons stated in the preamble, the Environmental 
Protection Agency amends 40 CFR part 52 as follows:

PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS

0
1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Subpart SS--Texas

0
2. In Sec.  52.2270, the second table in paragraph (e), titled ``EPA 
Approved Nonregulatory Provisions and Quasi-Regulatory Measures in the 
Texas SIP'' is amended by adding an entry for ``Interstate transport 
for the 2010 SO2 NAAQS (contribute to nonattainment or 
interfere with maintenance)'' at the end of the table to read as 
follows:


Sec.  52.2270  Identification of Plan

* * * * *
    (e) * * *

              EPA Approved Nonregulatory Provisions and Quasi-Regulatory Measures in the Texas SIP
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                                                               State
                                   Applicable  geographic    submittal/
      Name of SIP provision        or  nonattainment  area   effective    EPA approval date        Comments
                                                                data
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
Interstate transport for the      Statewide...............   05/06/2013  8/28/2025, 90 FR     Adequate
 2010 SO2 NAAQS (contribute to                                            [INSERT Federal      provisions
 nonattainment or interfere with                                          Register PAGE        prohibiting
 maintenance).                                                            WHERE THE DOCUMENT   emissions which
                                                                          BEGINS].             will contribute
                                                                                               significantly to
                                                                                               nonattainment in
                                                                                               or interfere with
                                                                                               maintenance of
                                                                                               the 2010 SO2
                                                                                               NAAQS in any
                                                                                               other State.
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[FR Doc. 2025-16467 Filed 8-27-25; 8:45 am]
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