[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 160 (Thursday, August 21, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 40786-40789]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-16012]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 39

[Docket No. FAA-2025-1735; Project Identifier MCAI-2024-00408-R]
RIN 2120-AA64


Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Helicopters

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).

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SUMMARY: The FAA proposes to supersede Airworthiness Directive (AD) 
2021-20-16, which applies to all Airbus Helicopters Model AS355E, AS 
355-F, AS 355-F1, AS355F2, AS355N, and AS355NP helicopters and certain 
Model AS 350B3 helicopters. AD 2021-20-16 requires repetitive cleaning 
and visual and detailed inspections of the right-hand side of the 
vertical fin spar and vertical fin upper attachments for discrepancies 
(cracking) with corrective action, if necessary. Since the FAA issued 
AD 2021-20-16, Airbus Helicopters developed a modification of the upper 
fin assembly. This proposed AD would require the same actions as AD 
2021-20-16 and would also require replacement of the upper fin assembly 
with a modified upper fin assembly, which would constitute terminating 
action for the repetitive inspections. The FAA is proposing this AD to 
address the unsafe condition on these products.

DATES: The FAA must receive comments on this NPRM by October 6, 2025.

ADDRESSES: You may send comments, using the procedures found in 14 CFR 
11.43 and 11.45, by any of the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to regulations.gov. Follow 
the instructions for submitting comments.

[[Page 40787]]

     Fax: (202) 493-2251.
     Mail: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket 
Operations, M-30, West Building, Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New 
Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590.
     Hand Delivery: Deliver to Mail address above between 9 
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
    AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under 
Docket No. FAA-2025-1735; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD 
docket contains this NPRM, the mandatory continuing airworthiness 
information (MCAI), any comments received, and other information. The 
street address for Docket Operations is listed above.
    Material Incorporated by Reference:
     For European Union Aviation Agency (EASA) material 
identified in this AD, contact EASA, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 
Cologne, Germany; phone: +49 221 8999 000; email: [email protected]; 
website: easa.europa.eu. You may find the EASA material on the EASA 
website at ad.easa.europa.eu.
     You may view this material at the FAA, Office of the 
Regional Counsel, Southwest Region, 10101 Hillwood Parkway, Room 6N-
321, Fort Worth, TX 76177. For information on the availability of this 
material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. It is also available at 
regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2025-1735.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Steven Warwick, Aviation Safety 
Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Ave., Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; phone: 
(817) 222-5225; email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Comments Invited

    The FAA invites you to send any written relevant data, views, or 
arguments about this proposal. Send your comments to an address listed 
under the ADDRESSES section. Include ``Docket No. FAA-2025-1735; 
Project Identifier MCAI-2024-00408-R'' at the beginning of your 
comments. The most helpful comments reference a specific portion of the 
proposal, explain the reason for any recommended change, and include 
supporting data. The FAA will consider all comments received by the 
closing date and may amend the proposal because of those comments.
    Except for Confidential Business Information (CBI) as described in 
the following paragraph, and other information as described in 14 CFR 
11.35, the FAA will post all comments received, without change, to 
regulations.gov, including any personal information you provide. The 
agency will also post a report summarizing each substantive verbal 
contact received about this NPRM.

Confidential Business Information

    CBI is commercial or financial information that is both customarily 
and actually treated as private by its owner. Under the Freedom of 
Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552), CBI is exempt from public 
disclosure. If your comments responsive to this NPRM contain commercial 
or financial information that is customarily treated as private, that 
you actually treat as private, and that is relevant or responsive to 
this NPRM, it is important that you clearly designate the submitted 
comments as CBI. Please mark each page of your submission containing 
CBI as ``PROPIN.'' The FAA will treat such marked submissions as 
confidential under the FOIA, and they will not be placed in the public 
docket of this NPRM. Submissions containing CBI should be sent to 
Steven Warwick, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Ave., Suite 
410, Westbury, NY 11590. Any commentary that the FAA receives which is 
not specifically designated as CBI will be placed in the public docket 
for this rulemaking.

Background

    The FAA issued AD 2021-20-16, Amendment 39-21754 (86 FR 57550, 
dated October 18, 2021) (AD 2021-20-16), for Airbus Helicopters Model 
AS355E, AS 355-F, AS 355-F1, AS355F2, AS355N, and AS355NP helicopters, 
all serial numbers, and Model AS 350B3 helicopters, all serial numbers 
except those that have Airbus Helicopters Modification 073148 in 
production. AD 2021-20-16 was prompted by MCAI originated by EASA, 
which is the Technical Agent for the Member States of the European 
Union. EASA issued EASA AD 2021-0099, dated April 9, 2021 (EASA AD 
2021-0099), to correct an unsafe condition identified as cracking in 
the spar of the upper part of the vertical fin and fractures in the 
front attachment screws.
    AD 2021-20-16 requires repetitive cleaning and detailed inspections 
for cracking of the vertical fin spar and vertical fin upper 
attachments, and corrective action if necessary. The FAA issued this AD 
to address cracking in the spar of the upper part of the vertical fin 
and fractures in the front attachment screws. This condition could lead 
to in-flight separation of the upper part of the vertical fin, 
resulting in loss of control of the helicopter.

Actions Since AD 2021-20-16 Was Issued

    Since the FAA issued AD 2021-20-16, EASA superseded EASA AD 2021-
0099 through a series of ADs, the most recent being EASA AD 2024-0139, 
dated July 12, 2024 (EASA AD 2024-0139) (also referred to as ``the 
MCAI''). EASA AD 2024-0139 states that after a further occurrence of a 
crack on a Model AS355NP helicopter, EASA concluded there was a need to 
temporarily reduce the never-exceed-speed (VNE) for all 
AS355 helicopters. In addition, Airbus Helicopters developed a 
reinforced upper fin assembly and published service information that 
provides instructions for this modification. EASA AD 2024-0139 retains 
the repetitive inspections and VNE limitations in its 
previous ADs and also requires modification of the helicopter with the 
reinforced upper fin assembly, which is terminating action for 
inspections and limitations.
    You may examine the MCAI in the AD docket at regulations.gov under 
Docket No. FAA-2025-1735.

Material Incorporated by Reference Under 1 CFR Part 51

    The FAA reviewed EASA AD 2024-0139, which specifies procedures for 
amending the rotorcraft flight manual (RFM) and installing a placard to 
add a speed limitation. EASA AD 2024-0139 allows exceeding the speed 
limitation on certain maintenance flights and specifies accomplishing 
an inspection after each flight where the speed is exceeded. EASA AD 
2024-0139 also requires repetitively inspecting the right-hand external 
side around the two top screws of certain upper fin spars for a crack. 
EASA AD 2024-0139 specifies that installing an upper fin assembly P/N 
355A14-0522-1751 constitutes terminating action for the repetitive 
inspection requirements and the speed limitations. Lastly, EASA AD 
2024-0139 prohibits installing affected upper fin assemblies on any 
helicopter.
    This material is reasonably available because the interested 
parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by 
the means identified in the ADDRESSES section.

FAA's Determination

    These products have been approved by the aviation authority of 
another country and are approved for operation in the United States. 
Pursuant to the FAA's bilateral agreement with this State of Design 
Authority, it has notified the FAA of the unsafe condition

[[Page 40788]]

described in the MCAI referenced above. The FAA is issuing this NPRM 
after determining that the unsafe condition described previously is 
likely to exist or develop on other products of the same type design.

Proposed AD Requirements in This NPRM

    This proposed AD would require accomplishing the actions specified 
in EASA AD 2024-0139, described previously, as incorporated by 
reference, except for any differences identified as exceptions in the 
regulatory text of this proposed AD. See ``Differences Between this 
Proposed AD and the MCAI'' for a general discussion of these 
differences.

Explanation of Required Compliance Information

    In the FAA's ongoing efforts to improve the efficiency of the AD 
process, the FAA developed a process to use some civil aviation 
authority (CAA) ADs as the primary source of information for compliance 
with requirements for corresponding FAA ADs. The FAA has been 
coordinating this process with manufacturers and CAAs. As a result, the 
FAA proposes to incorporate EASA AD 2024-0139 by reference in the FAA 
final rule. This proposed AD would, therefore, require compliance with 
EASA AD 2024-0139 in its entirety through that incorporation, except 
for any differences identified as exceptions in the regulatory text of 
this proposed AD. Using common terms that are the same as the heading 
of a particular section in EASA AD 2024-0139 does not mean that 
operators need comply only with that section. For example, where the AD 
requirement refers to ``all required actions and compliance times,'' 
compliance with this AD requirement is not limited to the section 
titled ``Required Action(s) and Compliance Time(s)'' in EASA AD 2024-
0139. Material referenced in EASA AD 2024-0139 for compliance will be 
available at www.regulations.gov by searching for and locating Docket 
No. FAA-2025-1735 after the FAA final rule is published.

Differences Between This Proposed AD and the MCAI

    While the service material referenced in EASA AD 2024-0139 requires 
accomplishing dye penetrant inspections, this proposed AD would require 
a dye penetrant inspection (DPI) if the affected part has previously 
been inspected by a DPI method; otherwise, this proposed AD would 
require a fluorescent penetrant inspection (FPI).
    Where EASA AD 2024-0139 and the service material referenced in EASA 
AD 2024-0139 specify contacting Airbus Helicopters for repair 
instructions, this proposed AD would require using a method approved by 
the FAA, EASA, or Airbus Helicopters' EASA Design Organization 
Approval.
    EASA AD 2024-0139 requires informing all flight crew and operating 
the helicopter accordingly, whereas this proposed AD would not because 
those actions are already required by FAA regulations.
    EASA AD 2024-0139 allows a pilot to perform some actions, and this 
proposed AD would not.

Costs of Compliance

    The FAA estimates that this AD, if adopted as proposed, would 
affect 650 helicopters of U.S. registry. Labor rates are estimated at 
$85 per work-hour. Based on these numbers, the FAA estimates the 
following costs to comply with this proposed AD.
    Amending the RFM and installing a placard to incorporate a speed 
limitation would take approximately 1 work-hour and parts would cost 
$25 for an estimated cost of $110 per helicopter and $71,500 for the 
U.S. fleet.
    Cleaning and inspecting the vertical fin spar would take 2.5 work-
hours for an estimated cost of $213 per helicopter and $138,450 for the 
U.S. fleet, per inspection cycle.
    Modifying the upper fin spar would take 19 work-hours and parts 
would cost $25,360 for an estimated cost of $26,975 per helicopter and 
$17,533,750 for the U.S. fleet.
    If required, performing a DPI or FPI on the upper fin spar would 
take 1 work-hour for an estimated cost of $85 per helicopter.
    The extent of damage found during the required inspection of the 
vertical fin spar could vary significantly from helicopter to 
helicopter. The agency has no way of determining how much damage may be 
found during these inspections, the cost to repair damaged parts of 
each helicopter, or the number of helicopters that might need these 
repairs.
    The FAA has included all known costs in its cost estimate. 
According to the manufacturer, however, some of the costs of this 
proposed AD may be covered under warranty, thereby reducing the cost 
impact on affected operators.

Authority for This Rulemaking

    Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to 
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the 
authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII, Aviation Programs, 
describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
    The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in 
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. 
Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight 
of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for 
practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary 
for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that 
authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to 
exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action.

Regulatory Findings

    The FAA determined that this proposed AD would not have federalism 
implications under Executive Order 13132. This proposed AD would not 
have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship 
between the national Government and the States, or on the distribution 
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.
    For the reasons discussed above, I certify that the proposed 
regulation:
    (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive 
Order 12866,
    (2) Would not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and
    (3) Would not have a significant economic impact, positive or 
negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria 
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39

    Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by 
reference, Safety.

The Proposed Amendment

    Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the 
Administrator, the FAA proposes to amend 14 CFR part 39 as follows:

PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES

0
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.


Sec.  39.13  [Amended]

0
2. The FAA amends Sec.  39.13 by:
0
a. Removing Airworthiness Directive 2021-20-16, Amendment 39-21754 (86 
FR 57550, dated October 18, 2021); and
0
b. Adding the following new airworthiness directive:


[[Page 40789]]


Airbus Helicopters: Docket No. FAA-2025-1735; Project Identifier 
MCAI-2024-00408-R.

(a) Comments Due Date

    The FAA must receive comments on this airworthiness directive 
(AD) by October 6, 2025.

(b) Affected ADs

    This AD replaces AD 2021-20-16, Amendment 39-21754 (86 FR 57550, 
dated October 18, 2021).

(c) Applicability

    This AD applies to Airbus Helicopters Model AS 350B3, AS355E, AS 
355-F, AS 355-F1, AS355F2, AS355N, and AS355NP helicopters, 
certificated in any category, as identified in European Union 
Aviation Safety Agency AD 2024-0139, dated July 12, 2024 (EASA AD 
2024-0139).

(d) Subject

    Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) Code 5531, Vertical 
Stabilizer, Spar/Rib Structure.

(e) Unsafe Condition

    This AD was prompted by a report of a structural crack in the 
vertical attachment spar of the upper tail fin and fractures in its 
two front attachment screws. The FAA is issuing this AD to address 
cracking in the upper fin spar and fracturing of the front 
attachment screws. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could 
result in in-flight separation of the upper part of the vertical fin 
and subsequent loss of control of the helicopter.

(f) Compliance

    Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, 
unless already done.

(g) Requirements

    Except as specified in paragraphs (h) and (i) of this AD: Comply 
with all required actions and compliance times specified in, and in 
accordance with, EASA AD 2024-0139.

(h) Exceptions to EASA AD 2024-0139

    (1) Where EASA AD 2024-0139 requires compliance in terms of 
flight hours, this AD requires using hours time-in-service.
    (2) Where EASA AD 2024-0139 refers to its effective date or to 
any of the dates listed in paragraphs (h)(2)(i) through (iv) of this 
AD, this AD requires using the effective date of this AD.
    (i) July 12, 2017 (the effective date of EASA AD 2017-0114, 
dated June 28, 2017).
    (ii) April 23, 2021 (the effective date of EASA AD 2021-0099, 
dated April 9, 2021).
    (iii) April 14, 2023 (the effective date of EASA AD 2023-0075, 
dated April 7, 2023).
    (iv) May 18, 2023 (the effective date of EASA AD 2023-0089, 
dated May 4, 2023).
    (3) Where paragraph (1) of EASA AD 2024-0139 specifies to inform 
all flight crew and operate the helicopter accordingly, this AD does 
not require those actions.
    (4) Although the service material referenced in EASA AD 2024-
0139 allows some actions to be performed by a pilot, this AD does 
not.
    (5) Where the service material referenced in EASA AD 2024-0139 
states ``if you are not sure'', this AD requires replacing that text 
with ``to confirm suspected cracks (scratch, line, misalignment, 
etc.)''.
    (6) Where the service material referenced in EASA AD 2024-0139 
states to do a dye-penetrant inspection (DPI), this AD requires the 
actions in paragraph (h)(6)(i), (ii), or (iii) of this AD, as 
applicable:
    (i) If the right-hand (RH) side of the spar (a) has previously 
been inspected by a DPI method, accomplish a DPI of the RH side of 
the spar (a).
    (ii) If the RH side of the spar (a) has not previously been 
inspected by a DPI, accomplish a fluorescent penetrant inspection 
(FPI) of the RH-hand side of the spar (a), instead of a DPI.
    (iii) If you cannot determine whether the RH side of the spar 
(a) has previously been inspected by a DPI, clean all surfaces to be 
inspected and accomplish an FPI of the RH side of the spar (a) 
instead of a DPI.
    Note 1 to paragraph (h)(6)(iii): Work Card 20-02-09-101 (MTC) 
contains DPI information related to this AD.
    Note 2 to paragraph (h)(6)(iii): When entering compliance with 
the applicable paragraph of the AD into the helicopter maintenance 
records, explicitly documenting that a dye penetrant inspection was 
performed improves the accuracy of maintenance records regarding use 
of dye penetrant inspection dye.
    (7) Where the service material referenced in EASA AD 2024-0139 
refers to damage, for this AD, damage is defined as looseness, 
corrosion, broken or missing lockwire, loss of protective surface 
finish, deformation, fracture, crack, or nick.
    (8) Where paragraph (8) of EASA AD 2024-0139 states 
``maintenance flight'', this AD requires replacing that text with 
``flight to perform an operational check as specified in 14 CFR 
91.407''.
    (9) Where paragraph (10) of EASA AD 2024-0139 and the service 
material referenced in EASA AD 2024-0139 specify contacting Airbus 
Helicopters for repair instructions, this AD requires using a repair 
method approved by the FAA, EASA, or Airbus Helicopters' EASA Design 
Organization Approval (DOA). If approved by the DOA, the approval 
must include the DOA-authorized signature.
    (10) Where the service material referenced in EASA AD 2024-0139 
specifies to discard parts, this AD requires removing these parts 
from service.
    (11) Where paragraph (16) of EASA AD 2024-00139 only allows 
credit for the initial actions in paragraphs (4) through (9) of EASA 
AD 2024-00139, this AD allows credit for any action in paragraphs 
(4) through (9) of EASA AD 2024-00139.
    (12) This AD does not adopt the ``Remarks'' section of EASA AD 
2024-0139.

(i) No Reporting Requirement

    Although the material referenced in EASA AD 2024-0139 specifies 
to submit certain information to the manufacturer, this AD does not 
require that action.

(j) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)

    (1) The Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA, has the 
authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the 
procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, 
send your request to your principal inspector or local Flight 
Standards District Office, as appropriate. If sending information 
directly to the manager of the International Validation Branch, send 
it to the attention of the person identified in paragraph (k) of 
this AD and email to: [email protected].
    (2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate 
principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager 
of the local Flight Standards District Office/certificate holding 
district office.

(k) Additional Information

    For more information about this AD, contact Steven Warwick, 
Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Ave., Suite 410, 
Westbury, NY 11590; phone: (817) 222-5225; email: 
[email protected].

(l) Material Incorporated by Reference

    (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the 
incorporation by reference of the material listed in this paragraph 
under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51.
    (2) You must use this material as applicable to do the actions 
required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise.
    (i) European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD 2024-0139, 
dated July 12, 2024.
    (ii) [Reserved]
    (3) For EASA material identified in this AD, contact EASA, 
Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 Cologne, Germany; phone: +49 221 8999 
000; email: [email protected]; website: easa.europa.eu. You may 
find the EASA material on the EASA website at ad.easa.europa.eu.
    (4) You may view this material at the FAA, Office of the 
Regional Counsel, Southwest Region, 10101 Hillwood Pkwy., Room 6N-
321, Fort Worth, TX 76177. For information on the availability of 
this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110.
    (5) You may view this material at the National Archives and 
Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability 
of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations or email [email protected].

    Issued on August 18, 2025.
Steven W. Thompson,
Acting Deputy Director, Compliance & Airworthiness Division, Aircraft 
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2025-16012 Filed 8-20-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P