[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 153 (Tuesday, August 12, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 38723-38725]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-15246]


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Notices
                                                Federal Register
________________________________________________________________________

This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains documents other than rules 
or proposed rules that are applicable to the public. Notices of hearings 
and investigations, committee meetings, agency decisions and rulings, 
delegations of authority, filing of petitions and applications and agency 
statements of organization and functions are examples of documents 
appearing in this section.

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Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 153 / Tuesday, August 12, 2025 / 
Notices

[[Page 38723]]



DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

International Trade Administration

[A-570-918, A-552-812, C-552-813]


Steel Wire Garment Hangers From the People's Republic of China 
and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: Initiation of Circumvention 
Inquiries of the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders

AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, 
Department of Commerce.

SUMMARY: In response to a request from a domestic interested party, M&B 
Metal Products Co., Inc. (the requester), the U.S. Department of 
Commerce (Commerce) is initiating country-wide circumvention inquiries 
to determine whether imports of steel wire garment hangers (hangers) 
completed in Cambodia using components manufactured in the People's 
Republic of China (China) or the Socialist Republic of Vietnam 
(Vietnam) are circumventing the antidumping duty (AD) order on hangers 
from China, or the AD and countervailing duty (CVD) orders on hangers 
from Vietnam.

DATES: Applicable August 12, 2025.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Samuel Frost, AD/CVD Operations, 
Office V, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade 
Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue 
NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: 202-482-8180.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Background

    On June 17, 2024, pursuant to section 781(b) of the Tariff Act of 
1930, as amended (the Act), and 19 CFR 351.226(i), the requester filed 
circumvention inquiry requests alleging that hangers completed in 
Cambodia using: (1) steel wire and/or (2) steel wire and paper 
accessories, produced in China or Vietnam are circumventing the AD 
order on hangers from China or the AD and CVD orders on steel hangers 
from Vietnam,\1\ and accordingly, should be covered by the scope of the 
China Order and the scope of the Vietnam Orders.\2\ On July 17, 2024, 
Commerce extended the deadline to initiate this circumvention inquiry 
by 15 days in accordance with 19 CFR 351.226(d)(1).\3\
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    \1\ See Requester's Letter, ``Circumvention Inquiry Request,'' 
dated June 17, 2024 (Circumvention Request).
    \2\ See Notice of Antidumping Duty Order: Steel Wire Garment 
Hangers from the People's Republic of China, 73 FR 58111 (October 6, 
2008) (China Order); see also Steel Wire Garment Hangers from the 
Socialist Republic of Vietnam: Antidumping Duty Order, 78 FR 8105 
(February 5, 2013); and Certain Steel Wire Garment Hangers from the 
Socialist Republic of Vietnam: Countervailing Duty Order, 78 FR 8107 
(February 5, 2013) (collectively, Vietnam Orders).
    \3\ See Memorandum, ``Extension of Time to Determine Whether to 
Initiate Circumvention Inquiry,'' dated July 17, 2024.
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    On August 1, 2024, January 10, 2025, and February 19, 2025 Commerce 
issued supplemental questionnaires to the requester.\4\ On December 10, 
2024, January 23, 2025, and July 7, 2025, the requester responded to 
Commerce's supplemental requests for information, respectively.\5\ 
Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.226(d)(1), the 30-day time period for Commerce 
to determine whether to accept or reject the request and whether to 
initiate or not initiate a circumvention inquiry began on July 7, 2025. 
We received no comments on these requests.
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    \4\ See Commerce's Letters, ``Supplemental Questionnaire,'' 
dated August 1, 2024, ``Second Supplemental Questionnaire,'' dated 
January 10, 2025, and ``Third Supplemental Questionnaire,'' dated 
February 19, 2025.
    \5\ See Requester's Letters, ``Response to Supplemental 
Questionnaire,'' dated December 10, 2024, ``Response to Second 
Supplemental Questionnaire,'' dated January 23, 2025, and ``Response 
to Third Supplemental Questionnaire,'' dated July 7, 2025.
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Scope of the Orders

    The merchandise covered by the scope of the China Order and the 
Vietnam Orders is hangers from China and Vietnam, respectively. For a 
complete description of the scope of the China Order and the Vietnam 
Orders, see the Circumvention Initiation Checklists.\6\
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    \6\ See Checklists, ``Steel Wire Garment Hangers from the 
Socialist Republic of Vietnam: Circumvention Initiation Checklist'' 
and ``Steel Wire Garment Hangers from the People's Republic of 
China: Circumvention Initiation Checklist,'' dated concurrently 
with, and hereby adopted by, this notice (collectively, 
Circumvention Initiation Checklists).
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Merchandise Subject to the Circumvention Inquiries

    These circumvention inquiries cover hangers completed in Cambodia 
using: (1) steel wire and/or (2) steel wire and paper accessories 
produced in China or Vietnam that are then subsequently exported from 
Cambodia to the United States.

Initiation of Circumvention Inquiries

    Section 351.226(d) of Commerce's regulations states that if 
Commerce determines that a request for a circumvention inquiry 
satisfies the requirements of 19 CFR 351.226(c), then Commerce ``will 
accept the request and initiate a circumvention inquiry.'' Section 
351.226(c)(1) of Commerce's regulations, in turn, requires that each 
circumvention inquiry request allege ``that the elements necessary for 
a circumvention determination under section 781 of the Act exist'' and 
be ``accompanied by information reasonably available to the interested 
party supporting these allegations.'' The requester alleged 
circumvention pursuant to section 781(b) of the Act, which pertains to 
merchandise completed or assembled in other foreign countries.
    Section 781(b)(1) of the Act provides that Commerce may find 
circumvention of an AD or CVD order when merchandise of the same class 
or kind subject to the order is completed or assembled in a foreign 
country other than the country to which the order applies. In 
conducting a circumvention inquiry under section 781(b)(1) of the Act, 
Commerce relies on the following criteria: (A) merchandise imported 
into the United States is of the same class or kind as any merchandise 
produced in a foreign country that is the subject of an AD or CVD 
order; (B) before importation into the United States, such imported 
merchandise is completed or assembled in another foreign country from 
merchandise which is subject to the order or is produced in the foreign 
country that is subject to the order; (C) the process of assembly or 
completion in the foreign country referred to in section (B) is minor 
or insignificant; (D) the value of the merchandise produced in the 
foreign country to which the AD or CVD order applies is a significant

[[Page 38724]]

portion of the total value of the merchandise exported to the United 
States; and (E) the administering authority determines that action is 
appropriate to prevent evasion of such order.
    In determining whether the process of assembly or completion in a 
foreign country is minor or insignificant under section 781(b)(1)(C) of 
the Act, section 781(b)(2) of the Act directs Commerce to consider: (A) 
the level of investment in the foreign country; (B) the level of 
research and development in the foreign country; (C) the nature of the 
production process in the foreign country; (D) the extent of production 
facilities in the foreign country and (E) whether or not the value of 
processing performed in the foreign country represents a small 
proportion of the value of the merchandise imported into the United 
States. However, no single factor, by itself, controls Commerce's 
determination of whether the process of assembly or completion in a 
third country is minor or insignificant.\7\ Accordingly, Commerce will 
evaluate each of these five factors, depending on the totality of the 
circumstances of the particular circumvention inquiry.\8\
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    \7\ See Statement of Administrative Action Accompanying the 
Uruguay Round Agreements Act, H.R. Doc. No. 103-316, Vol. 1 (1994), 
at 893.
    \8\ See, e.g., Uncovered Innerspring Units from the People's 
Republic of China: Final Affirmative Determination of Circumvention 
of the Antidumping Duty Order, 83 FR 65626 (December 21, 2018), and 
accompanying Issues and Decision Memorandum at 4; see also, e.g., 
Certain Corrosion-Resistant Steel Products from the Republic of 
Korea and Taiwan: Initiation of Anti-Circumvention Inquiries on the 
Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty Orders, 83 FR 37785 (August 
2, 2018); Carbon Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings from the People's 
Republic of China: Initiation of Anti-Circumvention Inquiry on the 
Antidumping Duty Order, 82 FR 40556, 40560 (August 25, 2017); and 
Certain Corrosion-Resistant Steel Products from the People's 
Republic of China: Initiation of Anti-Circumvention Inquiries on the 
Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty Orders, 81 FR 79454, 79458 
(November 14, 2016).
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    In addition, section 781(b)(3) of the Act sets forth additional 
factors to consider in determining whether to include merchandise 
assembled or completed in a foreign country within the scope of an AD 
or CVD order. Specifically, Commerce shall take into account such 
factors as: (A) the pattern of trade, including sourcing patterns; (B) 
whether the manufacturer or exporter of the merchandise that was 
shipped to the foreign country is affiliated with the person who, in 
the foreign country, uses the merchandise to complete or assemble the 
merchandise which is subsequently imported into the United States; and 
(C) whether imports of the merchandise into the foreign country have 
increased after the initiation of the investigation that resulted in 
the issuance of such order.

Analysis

    Based on our analysis of the requester's circumvention inquiry 
requests and supplemental questionnaire responses, we determine that 
the requester has satisfied the criteria under 19 CFR 351.226(c) to 
warrant the initiation of these circumvention inquiries. Therefore, 
pursuant to 19 CFR 351.226(d)(1)(iii), we are initiating the requested 
circumvention inquiries. For a full discussion of the basis for our 
decision to initiate these circumvention inquiries, see the 
Circumvention Initiation Checklists. As confirmed in the Circumvention 
Initiation Checklists, Commerce found that the information provided by 
the requester warrants initiating the circumvention inquiries on a 
country-wide basis. Commerce has taken this approach in prior 
circumvention inquiries, where the facts warranted initiation on a 
country-wide basis.\9\
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    \9\ See, e.g., Hydrofluorocarbon Blends from the People's 
Republic of China: Initiation of Circumvention Inquiry on the 
Antidumping Duty Order, 88 FR 74150 (October 30, 2023).
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    Consistent with the approach in the prior circumvention inquiries 
that we initiated on a country-wide basis, Commerce intends to issue 
questionnaires to solicit information from producers and exporters in 
Cambodia concerning their shipments of hangers made from Chinese-origin 
or Vietnamese-origin steel wire and paper accessories to the United 
States.

Respondent Selection

    Commerce intends to begin its respondent selection process using 
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) data. Commerce intends to 
place the CBP data on each record \10\ within five days of publication 
of this initiation notice, which will be available on Enforcement and 
Compliance's Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic 
Service System (ACCESS). ACCESS is available to registered users at 
https://access.trade.gov. Comments regarding the CBP data and 
respondent selection should be submitted within seven days after 
placement of the CBP data on the record of the inquiry. Contingent upon 
comments received, Commerce intends to issue quantity and value 
questionnaires (Q&V) to the largest exporters in the CBP data 
requesting the Q&V of hangers produced using Chinese or Vietnamese 
steel wire and paper accessories that were exported to the United 
States.
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    \10\ Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.226(m)(2), ``{Commerce{time}  will 
initiate and conduct a single inquiry with respect to the product at 
issue for both {the AD and CVD{time}  orders only on the record of 
the antidumping duty proceeding.'' Accordingly, with respect to the 
Vietnam Orders, all ACCESS filings shall be only placed on the AD 
record.
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    Commerce intends to establish a schedule for questionnaire 
responses after respondent selection. A company's failure to completely 
respond to Commerce's requests for information may result in the 
application of facts available, pursuant to section 776(a) of the Act, 
which may include adverse inferences, pursuant to section 776(b) of the 
Act.

Suspension of Liquidation

    Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.226(l)(1), Commerce will notify CBP of these 
initiations and direct CBP to continue the suspension of liquidation of 
entries of products subject to the circumvention inquiries that were 
already subject to the suspension of liquidation under the China Order 
and the Vietnam Orders, and to apply the cash deposit rates that would 
be applicable if the products were determined to be covered by the 
scope of the China Order and the Vietnam Orders.
    Should Commerce issue affirmative preliminary or final 
circumvention determinations, Commerce will follow the suspension of 
liquidation rules under 19 CFR 351.226(l)(2)-(4). In the event that 
Commerce issues affirmative preliminary or final circumvention 
determinations that the inquiry merchandise is circumventing either the 
China Order or the Vietnam Orders, Commerce will instruct CBP to 
continue the suspension of liquidation of previously suspended entries 
and to collect the applicable cash deposit for estimated AD and/or CVD 
duties. Commerce will also instruct CBP to begin the suspension of 
liquidation and application of cash deposits for any unliquidated 
entries not yet suspended, entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for 
consumption, on or after the date of publication of the notice of 
initiation of the circumvention inquiries pursuant to paragraphs 
(l)(2)(ii) and (l)(3)(ii). In addition, pursuant to paragraphs 
(l)(2)(iii)(A) and (l)(3)(iii)(A), Commerce may instruct CBP to begin 
the suspension of liquidation and application of cash deposits for any 
unliquidated entries not yet suspended, entered, or withdrawn from 
warehouse, for consumption, prior to the date of initiation of the 
circumvention inquiries, but not for such entries prior to November 4, 
2021, the effective date

[[Page 38725]]

of these provisions in the Final Rule.\11\ These rules will not affect 
CBP's authority to take any additional action with respect to the 
suspension of liquidation or related measures for these entries, as 
stated in 19 CFR 351.226(l)(5).
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    \11\ See Regulations to Improve Administration and Enforcement 
of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Laws, 86 FR 52300, 52345 
(September 20, 2021) (Final Rule).
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Notification to Interested Parties

    In accordance with 19 CFR 351.226(d) and section 781(b) of the Act, 
Commerce determines that the request for circumvention inquiries 
satisfies the requirements of 19 CFR 351.226(c). Accordingly, Commerce 
is notifying all interested parties of the initiation of these 
circumvention inquiries to determine whether hangers completed in 
Cambodia using (1) steel wire and/or (2) steel wire and paper 
accessories from China or Vietnam, and exported from Cambodia are 
circumventing the China Order or the Vietnam Orders. In addition, we 
have included a description of the products that are subject to these 
inquiries and an explanation of Commerce's decision to initiate the 
inquiries as provided in the accompanying Circumvention Initiation 
Checklists.\12\
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    \12\ See Circumvention Initiation Checklists.
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    In accordance with 19 CFR 351.226(e)(1), unless the circumvention 
inquiries are rescinded, in whole or in part, or extended, Commerce 
intends to issue its preliminary circumvention determinations no later 
than 150 days from the date of publication of this notice of initiation 
of these circumvention inquiries in the Federal Register. Furthermore, 
in accordance with section 781(f) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.226(e)(2), 
unless the circumvention inquiries are rescinded, in whole or in part, 
or extended, Commerce intends to issue its final determinations within 
300 days from the date of publication of this notice of initiation of 
the circumvention inquiries in the Federal Register.
    This notice is published in accordance with section 781(b) of the 
Act and 19 CFR 351.226(d)(1)(ii).

    Dated: August 6, 2025.
Abdelali Elouaradia,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance.
[FR Doc. 2025-15246 Filed 8-11-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P