[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 143 (Tuesday, July 29, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 35737-35740]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-14334]


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NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

[Docket No. 50-255; NRC-2025-0346]


Palisades Energy, LLC; Palisades Nuclear Plant; Exemption

AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

ACTION: Notice; issuance.

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is issuing an 
exemption in response to a September 28, 2023, request from Holtec 
Decommissioning International, LLC (HDI), on behalf of Holtec 
Palisades, LLC. The exemption supports the reauthorization of power 
operations at the Palisades Nuclear Plant (PNP), and allows for a one-
time rescission of the docketed decommissioning certifications to 
remove the restriction that prohibits operation of the PNP reactor and 
emplacement and retention of fuel into the PNP reactor vessel. The NRC 
is also rescinding six exemptions that were previously granted based on 
PNP's decommissioning status.

DATES: The exemption was issued on July 24, 2025.

ADDRESSES: Please refer to Docket ID NRC-2025-0346 when contacting the 
NRC about the availability of information regarding this document. You 
may obtain publicly available information related to this document 
using any of the following methods:
     Federal Rulemaking Website: Go to https://www.regulations.gov and search for Docket ID NRC-2025-0346. Address 
questions about Docket IDs in Regulations.gov to Bridget Curran; 
telephone: 301-415-1003; email: [email protected]. For technical 
questions, contact the individuals listed in the For Further 
Information Contact section of this document.
     NRC's Agencywide Documents Access and Management System 
(ADAMS): You may obtain publicly available documents online in the 
ADAMS Public Documents collection at https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html. To begin the search, select ``Begin Web-based ADAMS 
Search.'' For problems with ADAMS, please contact

[[Page 35738]]

the NRC's Public Document Room (PDR) reference staff at 1-800-397-4209, 
at 301-415-4737, or by email to [email protected]. The exemption 
request to remove the prohibition against operations and emplacement of 
fuel in the reactor vessel is available in ADAMS under Accession No. 
ML23271A140.
     NRC's PDR: The PDR, where you may examine and order copies 
of publicly available documents, is open by appointment. To make an 
appointment to visit the PDR, please send an email to 
[email protected] or call 1-800-397-4209 or 301-415-4737, between 8 
a.m. and 4 p.m. eastern time (ET), Monday through Friday, except 
Federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Justin C. Poole, Office of Nuclear 
Reactor Regulation, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 
20555-0001; telephone: 301-415-2048; email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The text of the exemption is attached.

    Dated: July 25, 2025.

    For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Justin Poole,
Project Manager, Plant Licensing Branch III, Division of Operating 
Reactor Licensing, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation.

Attachment--Exemption

NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

[Docket No. 50-255; NRC-2025-0346]

Palisades Energy, LLC; Palisades Nuclear Plant; Exemption

I. Background

    PNP consists of a single pressurized-water reactor located in 
Covert Township, Michigan, along the shoreline of Lake Michigan. 
Originally licensed for operation on March 24, 1971, the NRC issued 
a renewed operating license for PNP on January 17, 2007, with the 
renewed operating license term expiring on March 24, 2031. By letter 
dated January 4, 2017 (ML17004A062), pursuant to title 10 of the 
Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR), Section 50.82(a)(1)(i), 
``Termination of License,'' Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. 
(Entergy), the previous licensee for PNP, certified to the NRC that 
it decided to permanently cease power operations at the PNP by 
October 1, 2018. By letters dated September 28, 2017 (ML17271A233), 
and October 19, 2017 (ML17292A032), Entergy certified to the NRC 
that it planned to permanently cease power operations at PNP no 
later than May 31, 2022. By application dated December 23, 2020 
(ML20358A075), as supplemented, Entergy on behalf of itself, Entergy 
Nuclear Palisades, LLC; Holtec International; and HDI submitted a 
license transfer application to transfer the PNP license from 
Entergy to Holtec. By letter dated December 13, 2021 (ML21292A145), 
the NRC issued an order consenting to the license transfer.
    On May 20, 2022, PNP permanently ceased power operations. 
Pursuant to 10 CFR 50.82(a)(1)(ii), by letter dated June 13, 2022 
(ML22164A067), Entergy certified to the NRC that all fuel had been 
permanently removed from the PNP reactor vessel and placed in the 
spent fuel pool (SFP) on June 10, 2022. These certifications were 
docketed by the NRC. Upon docketing the 10 CFR 50.82(a)(1) 
certifications, 10 CFR 50.82(a)(2) no longer authorizes operation of 
the PNP reactor, or emplacement or retention of fuel into the PNP 
reactor vessel. Shortly after PNP transitioned to a permanently shut 
down and defueled facility in accordance with 10 CFR 50.82(a)(2), 
Holtec Palisades, LLC assumed ownership of PNP, and HDI became the 
licensed operator for decommissioning PNP (ML22173A173) and began 
the decommissioning process.
    In early 2023, HDI engaged with the NRC staff regarding the 
potential restart of reactor operation at PNP. By letter dated March 
13, 2023 (ML23072A404), HDI submitted its proposed regulatory path 
to resume power operations at PNP through a series of licensing and 
regulatory actions to restore the plant's licensing basis to the one 
in effect just prior to permanent shut down. Specifically, from 
September 2023 to May 2024, the NRC received the following licensing 
and regulatory requests related to the potential restart of 
Palisades:
     A September 28, 2023, request for an exemption ``from 
the 10 CFR 50.82(a)(2) restriction that prohibits reactor power 
operations and retention of fuel in the reactor vessel . . . by 
allowing for a one-time rescission of the docketed 10 CFR 
50.82(a)(1) certifications.'' (ML23271A140).
     A December 6, 2023, license transfer application, 
seeking NRC consent to, and a conforming amendment for, a transfer 
of operating authority from HDI to Palisades Energy, LLC under 
Renewed Facility Operating License No. DPR-20 for Palisades and the 
general license for the Palisades Independent Spent Fuel Storage 
Installation (ISFSI) (ML23340A161) (License Transfer Application).
     A December 14, 2023, license amendment request in 
support of resuming power operations that largely seeks to undo the 
changes made by the previously issued permanently defueled technical 
specifications amendment with some proposed differences from the 
previous operating reactor technical specifications (ML23348A148) 
(Power Operations TS Amendment).
     A February 9, 2024, license amendment request in 
support of resuming power operations that largely seeks to undo the 
changes made by the previously issued defueled administrative 
controls amendment with some proposed differences from the previous 
operating reactor technical specifications (ML24040A089) 
(Administrative Controls Amendment).
     A May 1, 2024, license amendment request to revise the 
Palisades site emergency plan to support resuming power operations 
(ML24122C666) (Emergency Plan Amendment).
     A May 24, 2024, license amendment request to revise the 
Palisades main steam line break analysis to ``support the Palisades 
restart project.'' (ML24145A145) (MSLB Amendment).
    While this exemption is a necessary part of Holtec's regulatory 
approach to support restoration of the PNP power operations 
licensing basis, the NRC's approval of this exemption is not 
sufficient to authorize operation of the reactor, or emplacement or 
retention of fuel into the reactor vessel. NRC approval of all the 
licensing and regulatory requests listed above is necessary to 
restore the PNP power operations licensing basis and reauthorize 
power operations at PNP.
    Accordingly, separate from this exemption, the NRC staff has 
reviewed and approved the License Transfer Application 
(ML25167A245), the Power Operations TS Amendment (ML25157A127), the 
Administrative Controls TS Amendment (ML25157A107), the Emergency 
Plan Amendment (ML25150A281), and the MSLB Amendment (ML25156A045). 
The staff is issuing its approval of these actions concurrently with 
its approval of this exemption to reauthorize power operations at 
PNP.

II. Request/Action

    By letter dated September 28, 2023 (ML23271A140), Holtec 
Decommissioning International LLC, on behalf of Holtec Palisades LLC 
\1\ (collectively, Holtec), requested exemption from portions of 10 
CFR 50.82(a)(2) to allow for a one-time rescission of the docketed 
10 CFR 50.82(a)(1) certifications to remove the restriction that 
prohibits operation of the PNP reactor and emplacement and retention 
of fuel into the PNP reactor vessel. The regulation in 10 CFR 
50.82(a)(2) states, Upon docketing of the certifications for 
permanent cessation of operations and permanent removal of fuel from 
the reactor vessel, or when a final legally effective order to 
permanently cease operations has come into effect, the 10 CFR part 
50 license no longer authorizes operation of the reactor or 
emplacement or retention of fuel into the reactor vessel. Therefore, 
Holtec states that a one-time exemption to this requirement is 
needed for PNP to transition from a facility in decommissioning back 
to a power operations plant. Holtec also states that the exemption 
would allow resumption of power operations at PNP after NRC approval 
of the License Transfer Application and license amendment requests 
necessary to reinstate the PNP power operations licensing basis. By 
letter dated July 1, 2025 (ML25182A066), Holtec submitted a 
notification reporting the licensing and regulatory activities 
needed to support the resumption of power operations at PNP and its 
readiness to transition to the power operations licensing basis on 
August 25, 2025. Holtec stated in the exemption request that four 
exemptions granted to PNP based on a facility in a decommissioning 
status are to be rescinded coincident with implementation of this 
exemption. Those

[[Page 35739]]

exemptions are related to Certified Fuel Handlers Severe Weather 
Authority (ML17216A802), Record Keeping (ML21195A368, package), Use 
of Decommissioning Funds for Spent Fuel Management (ML21286A581, 
package), and the Permanently Defueled Emergency Plan (ML23263A977). 
In addition, by letter dated October 9, 2024 (ML24283A094), Holtec 
requested rescission of two additional exemptions related to Offsite 
Primary and Secondary Liability Insurance (ML23192A077) and Onsite 
Property Damage Insurance (ML23191A522) coincident with 
implementation of this exemption.
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    \1\ On July 24, 2025, the NRC issued an order approving and 
conforming amendment reflecting the transfer of operating authority 
from HDI to Palisades Energy, LLC (Package ML25167A245). Holtec 
Palisades, LLC, remains the licensed owner of PNP.
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III. Discussion

    Pursuant to 10 CFR 50.12, ``Specific exemptions,'' the 
Commission may, upon application by any interested person or upon 
its own initiative, grant exemptions from the requirements of 10 CFR 
part 50: (1) when the exemptions are authorized by law, will not 
present an undue risk to the public health and safety, and are 
consistent with the common defense and security; and (2) when any of 
the special circumstances listed in 10 CFR 50.12(a)(2) are present. 
These special circumstances include, among others:
    (ii) Application of the regulation in the particular 
circumstances would not serve the underlying purpose of the rule or 
is not necessary to achieve the underlying purpose of the rule;

A. The Exemption Is Authorized by Law

    The requested exemption from 10 CFR 50.82(a)(2) would allow for 
a one-time rescission of the docketed 10 CFR 50.82(a)(1) 
certifications to remove the restriction that prohibits operation of 
the PNP reactor and emplacement and retention of fuel into the PNP 
reactor vessel. As stated above, 10 CFR 50.12, allows the NRC to 
grant exemptions from the requirements of 10 CFR part 50 when the 
exemptions are authorized by law. The NRC staff has determined that 
granting the proposed one-time exemption will not result in a 
violation of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended; other laws; 
or the Commission's regulations. Therefore, the exemption is 
authorized by law.

B. The Exemption Presents No Undue Risk to Public Health and Safety

    The requested exemption, by itself, does not authorize plant 
operation or change the conditions of the plant in any manner. The 
one-time exemption from 10 CFR 50.82(a)(2) would allow Holtec the 
ability to rescind the 10 CFR 50.82(a)(1) certifications, such that 
the current restrictions that prohibit operation of the PNP reactor 
and emplacement and retention of fuel into the PNP reactor vessel 
would no longer be in place. These regulatory restrictions in 10 CFR 
50.82(a)(2) in would no longer be in place once the certifications 
are rescinded; however, as discussed in Section I, the NRC has 
concurrently reviewed and approved the transfer of operating 
authority and the license amendment requests associated with 
restoring the power operations licensing basis (i.e., restored 
operating license conditions, technical specifications, etc.) to 
allow for and ensure the safe loading of fuel into the reactor and 
operation of the plant. Each of these actions were subject to 
individual review and approval by the NRC to ensure that there is 
reasonable assurance of public health and safety to support the 
resumption of power operations at PNP. Therefore, this exemption 
will not present an undue risk to public health and safety.

C. The Exemption Is Consistent With the Common Defense and Security

    The requested exemption would allow for a one-time rescission of 
the decommissioning certifications in 10 CFR 50.82(a)(1), and would 
not, by itself, alter the design, function, or operation of any 
structures or plant equipment that is necessary to maintain the safe 
and secure status of the plant, and will not adversely affect 
Holtec's ability to physically secure the site or protect special 
nuclear material. As discussed in Section I, the NRC has reviewed 
and approved the transfer of operating authority and the license 
amendment requests associated with restoring the power operations 
licensing basis to allow for and ensure the safe loading of fuel 
into the reactor and operation of the plant. As part of this review, 
the NRC determined that PNP's safeguards and security programs, as 
found in the Physical Security Plan, will meet the regulatory 
requirements necessary to support the resumption of power operations 
at PNP (ML25157A127). Therefore, the proposed exemption is 
consistent with the common defense and security.

D. Special Circumstances

    Special circumstances, in accordance with 10 CFR 
50.12(a)(2)(ii), are present whenever, ``[a]pplication of the 
regulation in the particular circumstances would not serve the 
underlying purpose of the rule or is not necessary to achieve the 
underlying purpose of the rule.'' The regulation at 10 CFR 
50.82(a)(2) prohibits operation of the reactor and emplacement and 
retention of fuel in the reactor vessel upon docketing the 
decommissioning certifications described in 10 CFR 50.82(a)(1). The 
underlying purpose of this regulation is to provide the licensee 
with a key means of communicating to the NRC and the public the 
licensee's plans for decommissioning the reactor, as discussed in 
NRC-2015-0070, Regulatory Improvements for Power Reactors 
Transitioning to Decommissioning, Regulatory Basis Document, dated 
November 20, 2017 (ML17215A010).
    Additionally, the certifications identify the point in time when 
a reactor formally enters the decommissioning process. Specifically, 
the docketing of the 10 CFR 50.82(a)(1) certifications serves as a 
discrete date to transition the inspection program for the plant 
from an operating to a decommissioning status, to restructure the 
NRC fees associated with operating a facility, and to allow the 
licensee to begin the process of implementing reductions to various 
site programs (i.e., emergency preparedness and physical security) 
based on the reduced risk profile of a reactor in decommissioning.
    As stated above, the underlying purpose of the rule is for 
communication regarding a licensee's formal entrance into the 
decommissioning process and to provide a discrete point in time to 
mark the transition from operations to decommissioning. Application 
of the rule as written would not permit a licensee in 
decommissioning for which the Sec.  50.82(a) certifications have 
been docketed, in this particular circumstance, Holtec, to seek to 
restart the reactor and exit the decommissioning process. Moreover, 
it would prohibit Holtec from exiting the decommissioning process 
regardless of the outcome of the NRC's review of Holtec's licensing 
requests seeking the restoration of the PNP's power operations 
licensing basis. As noted in Section I, the NRC staff has 
concurrently reviewed and approved the transfer of operating 
authority and the license amendment requests associated with 
restoring the power operations licensing basis to support the 
reauthorization of power operations at PNP. There is nothing in the 
rulemaking basis for 10 CFR 50.82(a)(2) to indicate that the 
prohibitions prescribed by the regulation were intended to be 
irreversible. Additionally, in denying a petition for rulemaking, 
the Commission stated that ``the NRC may consider requests from 
licensees to resume operations under the existing regulatory 
framework'' Criteria To Return Retired Nuclear Power Reactors to 
Operations, (86 FR 24362; May 6, 2021). Finally, even if PNP resumes 
power operations, the facility would still need to be 
decommissioned, following submission and docketing of the 10 CFR 
50.82(a)(1) certifications after any subsequent period of operation. 
Therefore, the NRC staff concludes that application of the 
regulation, in the particular circumstances of Holtec seeking to 
resume power operations at PNP, does not serve the underlying 
purpose of the rule. Accordingly, the special circumstances in 10 
CFR 50.12(a)(2)(ii) exist and support approval of the requested 
exemption.

E. Environmental Considerations

    In accordance with 10 CFR 51.30, 51.31, and 51.32, the 
Commission has determined that the granting of this exemption will 
not have a significant effect on the quality of the human 
environment as discussed in the NRC staff's Environmental Assessment 
and Finding of No Significant Impact issued on May 30, 2025 (90 FR 
23071).

IV. Conclusions

    Accordingly, the Commission has determined that, pursuant to 10 
CFR 50.12, the exemption is authorized by law, will not present an 
undue risk to the public health and safety, and is consistent with 
the common defense and security. Also, special circumstances are 
present. Therefore, the Commission hereby grants Holtec a one-time 
exemption from 10 CFR 50.82(a)(2) to allow for a one-time rescission 
of the PNP docketed 10 CFR 50.82(a)(1) certifications to remove the 
restriction that prohibits operation of the PNP reactor and 
emplacement and retention of fuel into the PNP reactor vessel.
    The Commission also considered Holtec's request that the NRC 
rescind the six exemptions discussed in Section II coincident with 
the implementation of this exemption. The Commission concludes that 
these six exemptions should be rescinded upon the effectiveness of 
this exemption

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because the six exemptions were granted based on PNP's status as a 
facility in decommissioning, and therefore the supporting bases for 
these exemptions are no longer met. Accordingly, the Commission 
hereby grants Holtec's request to rescind the six exemptions 
discussed in Section II.
    By letter dated July 1, 2025 (ML25182A066), Holtec submitted a 
notification reporting its readiness to implement the power 
operations licensing basis. In this letter Holtec stated that they 
planned to transition to the power operations licensing basis on 
August 25, 2025. Therefore, this exemption is effective on August 
25, 2025.

    Dated: July 24, 2025.

    For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

/RA/

Jamie Pelton,

Acting Director, Division of Operating Reactor Licensing, Office of 
Nuclear Reactor Regulation.

[FR Doc. 2025-14334 Filed 7-28-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7590-01-P