[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 124 (Tuesday, July 1, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 28660-28666]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-12168]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Railroad Administration

49 CFR Parts 229, 232, and 238

[Docket No. FRA-2025-0130]
RIN 2130-AD24


Amendments to Brake System Maintenance and Inspection 
Requirements

AGENCY: Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), Department of 
Transportation (DOT).

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).

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SUMMARY: FRA proposes to amend its mechanical equipment safety 
standards related to brake inspections for passenger and freight rail 
equipment. The proposed changes focus on the incorporation of 
longstanding waivers for locomotive brake system maintenance and 
inspection requirements. The amendments are consistent with the 
mandates of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), which 
require FRA to review and analyze certain longstanding waivers to 
determine whether incorporating the waivers into FRA's regulations is 
justified, and the Executive Order for Ensuring Lawful Governance and 
Implementing the President's ``Department of Government Efficiency'' 
Deregulatory Initiative.

DATES: Comments on the proposed rule must be received by September 2, 
2025. FRA may consider comments received after that date, but only to 
the extent practicable.

ADDRESSES: 
    Comments: Comments related to Docket No. FRA-2025-0130 may be 
submitted by going to https://www.regulations.gov and following the 
online instructions for submitting comments.
    Instructions: All submissions must include the agency name, docket 
number (FRA-2025-0130), and Regulatory Identification Number (RIN) for 
this rulemaking (2130-AD24). All comments received will be posted 
without change to https://www.regulations.gov; this includes any 
personal information. Please see the Privacy Act heading in the 
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of this document for Privacy Act 
information related to any submitted comments or materials.
    Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or 
comments received, go to https://www.regulations.gov and follow the

[[Page 28661]]

online instructions for accessing the docket.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Gary Fairbanks, Supervisory Railroad 
Safety Specialist, FRA, telephone: (202) 230-9594, email: 
[email protected]; or James Mecone, Attorney Adviser, FRA, 
telephone: (202) 380-5324, email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

    Consistent with the deregulatory agenda of President Donald J. 
Trump and Secretary of Transportation Sean P. Duffy, which seeks to 
unleash America's economic prosperity without compromising 
transportation safety, FRA is reviewing its regulatory requirements in 
parts 200 through 299 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). 
Some of the requirements contained in 49 CFR parts 229, 232, and 238 
could be updated to reduce burdens, make technical or conforming 
changes, or otherwise adjust to advancing technology without any 
adverse effect on railroad safety. The amendments proposed in this NPRM 
would codify certain waivers to make permanent the safety benefits of 
these waivers and eliminate uncertainty about potential extensions. The 
codification of these waivers would also eliminate the need for 
railroads to submit waiver petitions (and repeated extensions of those 
waivers every five years) from the various applicable regulations and 
FRA's review and approval burden for the waiver petitions and extension 
requests. Please review the Section-by-Section Analysis below for the 
relevant information related to each proposed change.

II. Section-by-Section Analysis

PART 229--LOCOMOTIVE SAFETY STANDARDS

Section 229.29 Air Brake System Calibration, Maintenance, and Testing

    This section currently provides requirements for periodic 
calibration, maintenance, and testing of locomotive air brake systems. 
FRA proposes to extend brake equipment service life and maintenance 
intervals for periodic cleaning, repairing, and testing of air brake 
equipment, based on extensive industry and FRA experience implementing 
test waivers. For industry convenience and clarity, FRA also proposes 
to improve consistency between passenger locomotive standards located 
in parts 229 and 238, by reorganizing and restating certain 
requirements. FRA recognizes that some equipment on passenger railroads 
must comply with both Sec. Sec.  229.29 and 238.309, which currently 
require the same brake maintenance, but are expressed differently. 
FRA's proposal includes editorial changes to match terms and 
definitions in both parts 229 and 238.
    FRA proposes to remove existing paragraph (b) of this section and 
combine its requirements with those in Sec.  232.205(c)(1)(iii) for 
clarity and ease of reference. As discussed in the analysis of Sec.  
232.205(c)(1)(iii) below, FRA is proposing to revise the requirements 
to account for the use of digital air flow method (AFM) indicators. 
Part 232 already includes the use of digital AFMs as an acceptable 
option for conducting a brake test.\1\ Additionally, FRA proposes to 
remove existing paragraph (g)(1) requiring that the date of AFM 
indicator calibration be recorded on form FRA F 6180-49A (the blue 
card). This requirement is already codified at 49 CFR 
232.205(c)(1)(iv).
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    \1\ Sec.  232.205(c)(1)(ii).
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    With the removal of existing paragraph (b), FRA proposes to 
redesignate existing paragraph (c) as paragraph (b) and to revise new 
paragraph (b)(1) to account for the use of electronic air brake (EAB) 
control valves. This revision effectively codifies a condition of the 
longstanding waiver in Docket Number FRA-2005-21613.
    The longstanding waiver in Docket Number FRA-2005-21613 involves 
locomotive EAB systems manufactured by New York Air Brake (NYAB) (CCB-
1, CCB-2, and CCB-26), and Wabtec (EPIC 3102D2, EPIC 2, and FastBrake). 
Approximately 17,000 locomotives in the U.S. (over half the U.S. 
locomotive operating fleet) and approximately 70 percent of the Class I 
operating fleet are equipped with these types of brakes. These brake 
systems electronically control the pneumatic brakes on freight 
locomotives. During the course of this waiver, the test committee 
overseeing implementation of the relief concluded that the periodic 
inspection period interval for these brake systems could be extended 
from 1,472 days to 3,680 days.\2\
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    \2\ See https://www.regulations.gov/document/FRA-2005-21613-0129. There are no comments in opposition to the relief in this 
docket.
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    FRA proposes to redesignate paragraphs (d) as paragraph (c), and to 
redesignate paragraph (e) as paragraph (c).
    FRA proposes to revise redesignated paragraph (e) to update the 
intervals and be consistent with the language in Sec.  238.309(b). 
First, FRA proposes to revise the reference to ``26 L or equivalent 
brake system'' in paragraph (e)(1) to a full listing of all 26 type 
brake systems and to generally identify those brake systems as ``26 
type brake systems.'' Consistent with that change, FRA proposes to 
revise the reference to 26 L or equivalent brake systems in paragraph 
(e)(2) to ``26 type brake systems.''
    FRA proposes to revise redesignated paragraph (e)(3) to remove the 
references to brake systems subject to longstanding age exploration 
waivers.
    FRA proposes to add new paragraphs (e)(4) through (6) to 
incorporate the results of age exploration waiver in docket number FRA-
2005-21613.
    FRA proposes to add new paragraphs (f) and (g) to incorporate 
specific conditions of the waiver in docket number FRA-2005-21613. 
These paragraphs would require maintenance of the critical components 
of the brake systems designed to control contaminants to ensure the 
effectiveness of those systems throughout the inspection cycle.
    Finally, FRA proposes to redesignate paragraph (g) as paragraph 
(h). Specifically, FRA proposes to redesignate paragraph (g)(2) as 
paragraph (h)(1), and to redesignate paragraph (g)(3) as paragraph 
(h)(2) and modify redesignated paragraph (h)(2) with the provision for 
a unique employee identifier to permit the use of electronic signature 
of required records. As described above, FRA proposes to remove 
existing paragraph (g)(1) requiring a record of the AFM indicator 
calibration date on form FRA F 6180-49A (the blue card) because this 
requirement is already codified at 49 CFR 232.205(c)(1)(iv).

PART 232--BRAKE SYSTEM SAFETY STANDARDS FOR FREIGHT AND OTHER NON-
PASSENGER TRAINS AND EQUIPMENT; END-OF-TRAIN DEVICES

Section 232.205 Class I Brake Test-Initial Terminal Inspection

    As noted above, FRA is proposing to combine the requirements of 
existing paragraph (b) of Sec.  229.29 with those of paragraph 
(c)(1)(iii) of this section. Specifically, FRA proposes to revise 
paragraph (c)(1)(iii) to address the use of digital AFM indicators. The 
existing regulation governs the use and calibration of standalone 
analog mechanical AFM indicators, but, recognizing the self-diagnostic 
capabilities of these digital devices, a longstanding FRA test waiver 
extended the calibration interval to 184 days.\3\

[[Page 28662]]

This has resulted in 98 percent of AFM devices remaining in calibration 
for each day of the 184-day interval without attention (as compared to 
78 percent remaining in calibration prior to the waiver).
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    \3\ Docket Number FRA-2016-0086.
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PART 238--PASSENGER EQUIPMENT SAFETY STANDARDS

Section 238.307 Periodic Mechanical Inspection of Passenger Cars and 
Unpowered Vehicles Used in Passenger Trains

    FRA proposes to add paragraph (d)(4) to require the execution and 
passing of a self-test of all EAB systems as part of the 368-day 
periodic mechanical inspection. This requirement is intended to make 
paragraph (d)(4) consistent with a similar requirement to perform the 
self-test on EAB systems at the level one inspection for locomotives at 
Sec.  229.29(b)(1) and effectively codifies the requirements of the 
longstanding waiver in Docket No. FRA-2005-21613.

Section 238.309 Periodic Brake Equipment Maintenance

    FRA proposes to extend brake equipment service life and maintenance 
intervals for periodic cleaning, repairing, and testing of air brake 
equipment, based on extensive industry and FRA experience implementing 
test waivers. For industry convenience and clarity, FRA also proposes 
to improve harmonization between passenger locomotive standards located 
in 49 CFR parts 229 and 238, by reorganizing and restating certain 
requirements. FRA recognizes that some equipment on passenger railroads 
must comply with both Sec.  229.29, Air brake system calibration, 
maintenance, and testing, and Sec.  238.309, which collectively require 
the same brake maintenance but are expressed differently. Accordingly, 
FRA proposes reordering the requirements in Sec.  238.309 within each 
type of equipment category, in chronological order, by length of 
service period, and also proposes replacing the word ``every'' with the 
phrase ``at intervals that do not exceed'' to match the language in 
Sec.  229.29. These changes would clarify the period of performance or 
maintenance governed by Sec.  238.309.
    Additionally, in Sec.  238.309, FRA uses the term ``fleet'' 
regarding whether equipment is (or is not) equipped with air dryers. 
FRA considers a ``fleet'' to be a group of equipment that operates 
independently of other groups of equipment on a railroad. Typically, 
this equipment is operated interchangeably and maintained uniformly 
within its group, but not operated with equipment outside of the group. 
Testing on the EAB valves specified in this proposed section has shown 
that recently designed brake systems have sufficient internal 
filtration and engineering design to withstand operation without air 
dryers, and be safe and suitable for service during intervals between 
the proposed inspections. Older air brake equipment may use metallic 
piston rings, brass-on-brass slide valves, and older filtration schemes 
that have not proven to withstand non-dryer treated air for extended 
use. Therefore, FRA proposes to continue its two-tiered approach to the 
use of air dryers for older air brake systems and require separate 
operation of fleets if a railroad desires to utilize the longer 
maintenance period for older equipment fitted with air dryers.
    For DMU and MU locomotives, FRA proposes to move present paragraph 
(b)(2) to new paragraph (b)(3) with modifications. Modified (b)(2) 
would retain the 1,104-day \4\ inspection frequency but be assigned to 
only brake systems not listed in new paragraphs (b)(3) through (b)(7) 
that are for brake systems that are air dryer equipped.
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    \4\ Since publication of the revised Railroad Locomotive Safety 
Standards final rule in 1980, FRA has typically expressed periodic 
inspections for all railroad equipment in multiples of 92-day 
quarters, which allows for clarity in calculating service days 
without concern for variances in the number of days in a calendar 
month (28 to 31 days) in making calculations.
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    New paragraph (b)(3) would make DMU and MU locomotive air brake 
requirements consistent with the freight locomotive requirements found 
at existing Sec.  229.29(f)(2) (proposed to be redesignated as (e)(2)). 
As such, all of these different types of locomotives equipped with 26-
type brake equipment with air dryers, would be permitted 1,472 days 
between inspections.
    Proposed new paragraphs (b)(4) through (7) would incorporate the 
findings of AAR's 2005 test waiver for the service life extension of 
EABs. See Docket No. FRA-2005-21613. While the principal investigations 
for the service life extension were conducted by freight railroads in 
cooperation with manufacturers of EABs and interested parties, in 2013 
the American Public Transportation Association petitioned and received 
relief for consistency of passenger locomotives and cab cars equipped 
with EABs with the requirements of proposed Sec.  229.29(e)(4)-(6), 
therefore ``piggybacking'' on Docket no. FRA-2005-21613. See FRA-2007-
28306-0011. FRA is proposing to move current paragraph (b)(3) to 
paragraph (b)(4) and modify it by the addition of EPIC 1 (formerly EPIC 
3102) to the list of brake systems permitted 1,840 days between 
cleaning, repair, and test, to be consistent with the requirement of 
Sec.  229.29. As explained regarding EAB valves, FRA is also proposing 
deleting the requirement for air dryers for the brake systems listed in 
paragraph (b)(4). The reference to KBC's ``KBCT1'' is being removed 
from this paragraph and placed in paragraph (b)(7) as ``CT-1.''
    In 2004, Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) and Metro-North Commuter 
Railroad (MNCR) petitioned and were granted a waiver of compliance from 
FRA for age exploration of the KBC CT-1 air brake for their fleets of 
M-7 MU locomotives to extend time intervals between brake maintenance 
cycles beyond the five years (1,840 days) required in Sec.  238.309 
(Docket No. FRA-2004-17099). After completing 12 years of thorough 
testing and component evaluation, the waiver test committee recommended 
a 10-year (3,680-day) interval for cleaning, repair, and test. The LIRR 
(836 cars) and the MNCR (336 cars) M-7 fleets entered revenue service 
between 2002 and 2007.
    In 2013, FRA granted MNCR's petition to add its M-8 fleet (405 
units) identified as a KBC CT-1a air brake system to Docket No. FRA-
2004-17099. FRA concurred that the similar components of the KBC CT-1a 
system are considered to have the same life expectancy as the KBC CT-1 
system. Based on its analysis of the LIRR/MNCR data and the overall 
fleet brake system reliability and safety performance, the waiver test 
committee recommended approval for a 10-year (3,680-day) clean, oil, 
test, and stencil (COT&S) interval for the KBC CT-1 family of brake 
systems. FRA proposes to incorporate the results of this test waiver in 
proposed paragraph (b)(7).
    FRA also proposes to codify the remaining EABs that were 
investigated under Docket No. FRA-2005-21613 to make this section 
consistent with proposed revisions to Sec.  229.29. FRA proposes to add 
paragraph (b)(5) to permit 2,944-day intervals between brake 
maintenance for DMU or MU locomotives equipped with EPIC 3102(D2) or 
EPIC 2 brake systems. FRA proposes to add paragraph (b)(6) to permit 
3,128-day intervals between brake maintenance for DMU or MU locomotives 
equipped with CCB-1 brake systems. FRA proposes to add paragraph (b)(7) 
to permit 3,680-day intervals between brake maintenance for DMU or MU 
locomotives equipped with CCB-2, CCB-26, or FastBrake electronic air 
brake systems, as specified in Docket No. FRA-2005-21613, and to permit 
the of the CT-1 brake system as specified in Docket No. FRA-2004-17099.
    For passenger coaches and other unpowered passenger vehicles, FRA

[[Page 28663]]

proposes to exchange paragraphs (d)(1) and (3) to arrange the 
paragraphs in chronological order, and to change the brake system 
reference in new paragraph (d)(1) to ``brake system not specifically 
identified'' to provide consistency with Sec.  229.29 and to reflect 
that 1,104 days is the default interval for brake systems not otherwise 
noted in paragraph (d). The interval in paragraph (d)(2) is being 
changed from 1,476 days to 1,472 days to correct a long-standing 
typographical error and conform with FRA's method for calculating 
periodic inspection dates.
    Proposed paragraph (d)(3) would address AB-type brake systems used 
on passenger equipment (currently in paragraph (d)(1)), and the 
interval between required brake maintenance would remain 2,208 days.
    For cab cars, FRA proposes to reorder paragraph (e) to arrange the 
requirements in chronological order, and to change the brake system 
reference to ``brake system not specifically identified'' in new 
paragraph (e)(1) (currently (e)(4)), to provide consistency with Sec.  
229.29. In paragraph (e)(2), FRA proposes the same conforming change 
from ``1,476 days'' to ``1,472 days,'' as discussed above, and current 
paragraph (e)(3) would be removed. Splitting of the intervals between 
26-C ``under floor'' equipment and 26-L control cab equipment, as in 
current paragraph (e)(2) and (3), would no longer be required due to 
the proposed parity of treatment of all 26-type brake valves in part 
238 and part 229. Proposed (e)(3), which is current (e)(1), would 
specify the 1,840-day brake interval equipment requirements. Proposed 
new paragraphs (e)(4) through (6) would codify the provisions of EAB 
test waivers under Docket Nos. FRA-2005-21613 and FRA-2007-28306 for 
the brake maintenance intervals.
    Similar to proposed paragraphs (f) and (g) for Sec.  229.29 
described above, proposed paragraphs (f) and (g) would provide for the 
maintenance of automatic drain valves and air dryers, and air 
compressors (with an emphasis on elimination of oil contamination). 
These paragraphs are identical to two general conditions of the test 
waiver at Docket No. FRA-2005-21613,\5\ and are considered essential 
elements to the success of the test waiver. These paragraphs require 
maintenance of the critical components of the brake systems designed to 
control contaminates to ensure the effectiveness of those systems 
throughout the inspection cycle.
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    \5\ See FRA-2005-21613-0088, ``U.S. Dot/FRA--Decision,'' 
conditions no. 6-7.
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    FRA proposes to redesignate paragraph (f) as new paragraph (h) and 
modify new paragraph (h)(1) with the provision for a unique employee 
identifier to permit the use of electronic signature of required 
records.

III. Regulatory Impact and Notices

A. Executive Orders (E.O.) 12866 (Regulatory Planning and Review) and 
DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures

    FRA has considered the impact of this NPRM under E.O. 12866, 
Regulatory Planning and Review (58 FR 51735, Oct. 4, 1993), and DOT 
Order 2100.6B, Policies and Procedures for Rulemaking (Mar. 10, 2025). 
The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs within the Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB) determined that this NPRM is not a 
significant regulatory action under section 3(f) of E.O. 12866. FRA is 
proposing to incorporate longstanding waivers for locomotive and 
passenger equipment brake system maintenance and inspection 
requirements.
    FRA expects that this proposed rule would result in cost savings to 
the industry as it would codify mostly longstanding waivers and save 
railroads the need to submit waiver petitions (and repeated extensions 
of those waivers every five years) to FRA for continued relief of 
various applicable regulations and the Federal Government's review and 
approval burden for the waiver petitions and extension requests. In 
instances where a current waiver may not be longstanding, FRA estimates 
the cost savings would be greater since a railroad would now be granted 
additional time in between regulatory maintenance and inspection 
intervals. FRA also expects this proposed rule would provide clarity to 
railroads regarding regulatory maintenance and inspection requirements.

B. E.O. 14192 (Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation)

    E.O. 14192 (90 FR 9065, Jan. 31, 2025), Unleashing Prosperity 
Through Deregulation, requires that for ``each new [E.O. 14192 
regulatory action] issued, at least ten prior regulations be identified 
for elimination.'' \6\ Implementation guidance for E.O. 14192 issued by 
OMB (Memorandum M-25-20, Mar. 26, 2025) defines two different types of 
E.O. 14192 actions: an E.O. 14192 deregulatory action, and an E.O. 
14192 regulatory action.\7\
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    \6\ Executive Office of the President. Executive Order 14192 of 
January 31, 2025. Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation. 90 FR 
9065-9067. Feb. 6, 2025.
    \7\ Executive Office of the President. Office of Management and 
Budget. Guidance Implementing Section 3 of Executive Order 14192, 
Titled ``Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation.'' Memorandum M-
25-20. March 26, 2025.
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    An E.O. 14192 deregulatory action is defined as ``an action that 
has been finalized and has total costs less than zero.'' This proposed 
rulemaking is expected to have total costs less than zero, and 
therefore it would be considered an E.O. 14192 deregulatory action upon 
issuance of a final rule. While FRA is confident that each amendment 
proposed in this NPRM has a cost that is negligible or ``less than 
zero'' consistent with E.O. 14192, FRA requests comment on the extent 
of the cost savings for the changes proposed in this NPRM.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act and E.O. 13272

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), as amended 
by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996,\8\ 
requires Federal agencies to consider the effects of the regulatory 
action on small business and other small entities and to minimize any 
significant economic impact. Accordingly, DOT policy requires an 
analysis of the impact of all regulations on small entities, and 
mandates that agencies strive to lessen any adverse effects on these 
businesses. The term small entities comprises small businesses and not-
for-profit organizations that are independently owned and operated and 
are not dominant in their fields, and governmental jurisdictions with 
populations of less than 50,000 (5 U.S.C. 601(6)).
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    \8\ Public Law 104-121, 110 Stat. 857 (Mar. 29, 1996).
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    No regulatory flexibility analysis is required, however, if the 
head of an Agency or an appropriate designee certifies that the rule 
will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of 
small entities. This proposed rule would not preclude small entities 
from continuing existing practices that comply with parts 229, 232, or 
238; it merely offers flexibilities that would result in cost savings, 
if a small entity or other regulated entity chooses to utilize those 
flexibilities. By extending this regulatory relief, many regulated 
entities, including small entities, would experience a cost savings. 
Consequently, FRA certifies that the proposed action would not have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.

[[Page 28664]]

    In accordance with section 213(a) of the Small Business Regulatory 
Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-121, 110 Stat. 857), FRA 
wants to assist small entities in understanding this proposed rule so 
they can better evaluate its effects on themselves and participate in 
the rulemaking initiative. If the proposed rule would affect your small 
business, organization, or governmental jurisdiction and you have 
questions concerning its provisions or options for compliance, please 
consult the person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.

D. Paperwork Reduction Act

    This proposed rule offers regulatory flexibilities, and it contains 
no new information collection requirements under the Paperwork 
Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. With this NPRM, FRA will 
be using the OMB control numbers: 2130-0544, Passenger Equipment Safety 
Standards; 2130-0008, Brake System Safety Standards for Freight and 
Other Non-Passenger Trains and Equipment; and 2130-0004, Railroad 
Locomotive Safety Standards and Event Recorders.

E. Environmental Assessment

    FRA has analyzed this rule for the purposes of the National 
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA). In accordance with 42 U.S.C. 
4336 and DOT NEPA Order 5610.1C, FRA has determined that this rule is 
categorically excluded pursuant to 23 CFR 771.118(c)(4), ``[p]lanning 
and administrative activities that do not involve or lead directly to 
construction, such as: [p]romulgation of rules, regulations, and 
directives.'' This rulemaking is not anticipated to result in any 
environmental impacts, and there are no unusual or extraordinary 
circumstances present in connection with this rulemaking.
    Pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act 
and its implementing regulations, FRA has determined this undertaking 
has no potential to affect historic properties. FRA has also determined 
that this rulemaking does not approve a project resulting in a use of a 
resource protected by Section 4(f).

F. Federalism Implications

    This proposed rule will not have a substantial effect on the 
States, on the relationship between the national government and the 
States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the 
various levels of government. Thus, in accordance with E.O. 13132, 
``Federalism'' (64 FR 43255, Aug. 10, 1999), preparation of a 
Federalism Assessment is not warranted.

G. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995

    This proposed rule would not result in the expenditure, in the 
aggregate, of $100,000,000 or more, adjusted for inflation, in any one 
year by State, local, or Indian Tribal governments, or the private 
sector. Thus, consistent with section 202 of the Unfunded Mandates 
Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4, 2 U.S.C. 1532), FRA is not required 
to prepare a written statement detailing the effect of such an 
expenditure.

H. Energy Impact

    E.O. 13211 requires Federal agencies to prepare a Statement of 
Energy Effects for any ``significant energy action.'' \9\ FRA has 
evaluated this proposed rule in accordance with E.O. 13211 and 
determined that this proposed rule is not a ``significant energy 
action'' within the meaning of E.O. 13211.
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    \9\ 66 FR 28355 (May 22, 2001).
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I. E.O. 13175 (Tribal Consultation)

    FRA has evaluated this proposed rule in accordance with the 
principles and criteria contained in E.O. 13175, Consultation and 
Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments, dated November 6, 2000. 
The proposed rule would not have a substantial direct effect on one or 
more Indian tribes, would not impose substantial direct compliance 
costs on Indian tribal governments, and would not preempt tribal laws. 
Therefore, the funding and consultation requirements of E.O. 13175 do 
not apply, and a tribal summary impact statement is not required.

J. International Trade Impact Assessment

    The Trade Agreement Act of 1979 \10\ prohibits Federal agencies 
from engaging in any standards or related activities that create 
unnecessary obstacles to the foreign commerce of the United States. 
Legitimate domestic objectives, such as safety, are not considered 
unnecessary obstacles. The statute also requires consideration of 
international standards and, where appropriate, that they be the basis 
for U.S. standards. This rulemaking is purely domestic in nature and is 
not expected to affect trade opportunities for U.S. firms doing 
business overseas or for foreign firms doing business in the United 
States.
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    \10\ 19 U.S.C. ch. 13.
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K. Privacy Act Statement

    In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 553(c), DOT solicits comments from the 
public to better inform its rulemaking process. DOT posts these 
comments, without edit, to http://www.regulations.gov, as described in 
the system of records notice, DOT/ALL-14 FDMS, accessible through 
www.transportation.gov/privacy. To facilitate comment tracking and 
response, we encourage commenters to provide their name, or the name of 
their organization; however, submission of names is completely 
optional. Whether or not commenters identify themselves, all timely 
comments will be fully considered. If you wish to provide comments 
containing proprietary or confidential information, please contact the 
agency for alternate submission instructions.

L. Rulemaking Summary

    As required by 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(4), a summary of this rule can be 
found at regulations.gov, Docket No. FRA-2025-0130, in the SUMMARY 
section of this proposed rule.

List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 229

    Locomotives, Railroad safety.

List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 232

    Power brakes, Railroad safety.

List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 238

    Passenger equipment, Railroad safety, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements.

The Proposed Rule

    For the reasons discussed in the preamble, FRA proposes to amend 
parts 229, 232, and 238 of chapter II, subtitle B of title 49, Code of 
Federal Regulations as follows:

PART 229--RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVE SAFETY STANDARDS

0
1. The authority citation for part 229 continues to read as follows:


    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20133, 20137-38, 20143, 
20168, 20701-03, 21301-02, 21304; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 CFR 
1.89.
0
2. Amend Sec.  229.29 by revising paragraph (a), removing paragraph 
(b), redesignating paragraphs (c) through (f) as paragraphs (b) through 
(e) and revising newly redesignated paragraphs (b) through (e), 
redesignating paragraph (g) as paragraph (h) and revising newly 
redesignated paragraph (h), and adding new paragraphs (f) and (g) to 
read as follows:

[[Page 28665]]

Sec.  229.29  Air brake system calibration, maintenance, and testing.

    (a) A locomotive's air brake system shall receive the calibration, 
maintenance, and testing as prescribed in this section. The level of 
maintenance and testing and the intervals for receiving such 
maintenance and testing of locomotives with various types of air brake 
systems shall be conducted in accordance with paragraphs (c) through 
(e) of this section. Records of the maintenance and testing required in 
this section shall be maintained in accordance with paragraph (h) of 
this section.
    (b) Except for DMU or MU locomotives covered under Sec.  238.309 of 
this chapter, the extent of air brake system maintenance and testing 
that is required on a locomotive shall be in accordance with the 
following levels:
    (1) Level one: Locomotives shall have the filtering devices or dirt 
collectors located in the main reservoir supply line to the air brake 
system cleaned, repaired, or replaced. Locomotives equipped with 
electronic air brake (EAB) control valves, must execute and pass a 
self-test of the operational health of the brake system.
    (2) Level two: Locomotives shall have the following components 
cleaned, repaired, and tested: brake cylinder relay valve portions; 
main reservoir safety valves; brake pipe vent valve portions; and, feed 
and reducing valve portions in the air brake system (including related 
dirt collectors and filters).
    (3) Level three: Locomotives shall have the components identified 
in this paragraph removed from the locomotive and disassembled, cleaned 
and lubricated (if necessary), and tested. In addition, all parts of 
such components that can deteriorate within the inspection interval as 
defined in paragraphs (c) through (e) of this section shall be replaced 
and tested. The components include: all pneumatic components of the 
locomotive equipment's brake system that contain moving parts and are 
sealed against air leaks; all valves and valve portions; electric-
pneumatic master controllers in the air brake system; and all air brake 
related filters and dirt collectors.
    (c) Except for MU locomotives covered under Sec.  238.309 of this 
chapter, all locomotives shall receive level one air brake maintenance 
and testing as described in this section at intervals that do not 
exceed 368 days.
    (d) Locomotives equipped with an air brake system not specifically 
identified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (6) of this section shall 
receive level two air brake maintenance and testing as described in 
this section at intervals that do not exceed 368 days and level three 
air brake maintenance and testing at intervals that do not exceed 736 
days.
    (e) Level two and level three air brake maintenance and testing 
shall be performed on each locomotive identified in this paragraph in 
accordance with the following:
    (1) At intervals that do not exceed 1,104 days for a locomotive 
equipped with PS-68, 26-C, 26-L, PS-90, CS-1, RT-2, RT-5A, GRB-1, CS-2, 
or 26-R brake systems (26 type brake systems). (This listing of brake 
system types is intended to subsume all brake systems using 26 type, 
6N, MC30, ABD, or ABDW control valves and PS68, PS-90, 26B-1, 26C, 
26CE, 26-B1, 30CDW, or 30ECDW engineer's brake valves.);
    (2) At intervals that do not exceed 1,472 days for locomotives 
equipped with an air dryer and a 26 type brake system and for 
locomotives not equipped with an air compressor and that are semi-
permanently coupled and dedicated to locomotives with an air dryer;
    (3) At intervals that do not exceed 1,840 days for locomotives 
equipped with KB-HL1, KB-HS1, or EPIC 1 (formerly EPIC 3102) brake 
systems;
    (4) At intervals that do not exceed 2,944 days for locomotives 
equipped with EPIC 3102(D2) or EPIC 2 brake systems;
    (5) At intervals that do not exceed 3,128 days for locomotives 
equipped with CCB-1 brake systems; or
    (6) At intervals that do not exceed 3,680 days for locomotives 
equipped with CT-1, CCB-2, CCB-26, or FastBrake brake systems.
    (f) All systems for the discharge or removal of moisture, such as 
automatic drain valves and air dryers, must be maintained to function 
as intended.
    (g) The air compressor (if equipped) must be maintained to function 
as intended with emphasis on detection and elimination of oil 
contamination of the main reservoir air.
    (h) Records of the air brake system maintenance and testing 
required by this section shall be generated and maintained in 
accordance with the following:
    (1) The date and place of the cleaning, repairing and testing 
required by this section shall be recorded on Form FRA F 6180-49A, and 
the work shall be certified. A record of the parts of the air brake 
system that are cleaned, repaired, and tested shall be kept in the 
railroad's files or in the cab of the locomotive.
    (2) At its option, a railroad may fragment the work required by 
this section. In that event, a separate record shall be maintained 
under a transparent cover in the cab. The air record shall include: the 
locomotive number; a list of the air brake components; and the date and 
place of the inspection and testing of each component. The signature or 
unique employee identifier of the person performing the work and the 
signature or unique employee identifier of that person's supervisor 
shall be included for each component. A duplicate record shall be 
maintained in the railroad's files.

PART 232--BRAKE SYSTEM SAFETY STANDARDS FOR FREIGHT AND OTHER NON-
PASSENGER TRAINS AND EQUIPMENT; END-OF-TRAIN DEVICES

0
2. The Authority citation for part 232 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 201012-20103, 20107, 20133, 20141, 20301-
20303, 20306, 21301-20302, 21304; 28 U.S.C. 2461, note; and 49 CFR 
1.89.

0
4. Amend 232.5 by adding, in alphabetical order, the following 
definition:


Sec.  232.5  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Electronic air brake (EAB) means a brake system controlled by a 
computer which provides the means for control of the locomotive brakes 
or train brakes or both.
* * * * *
0
5. Revise Sec.  232.205(c)(1)(iii) to read as follows:


Sec.  232.205  Class 1 brake test-initial terminal inspection.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (iii) An analog AFM indicator must be calibrated for accuracy at 
periodic intervals not to exceed 92 days. A digital AFM integrated into 
an EAB system must be calibrated for accuracy at periodic intervals not 
to exceed 184 days. The AFM indicator and all test orifices must be 
calibrated at temperatures of not less than 20 [deg]F. AFM indicators 
must be accurate to within 3 standard cubic feet per minute 
(CFM) at 60 CFM air flow.
* * * * *

PART 238--PASSENGER EQUIPMENT SAFETY STANDARDS

0
6. The authority citation for part 238 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 20103, 20107, 20133, 20141, 20302-20303, 
20306, 20701-20702, 21301-21302, 21304; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; and 49 
CFR 1.89.


[[Page 28666]]


0
7. Amend 238.5 by adding, in alphabetical order, the following 
definition:


Sec.  238.5  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Electronic air brake (EAB) means a brake system controlled by a 
computer which provides the means for control of the locomotive brakes 
or train brakes or both.
* * * * *
0
8. Amend Sec.  238.307 by revising paragraph (d) to read as follows:


Sec.  238.307  Periodic mechanical inspection of passenger cars and 
unpowered vehicles used in passenger trains.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (4) For passenger equipment equipped with an EAB system, a self-
test of the operational health of the brake system must be performed 
and successfully passed as part of the periodic mechanical inspection.
* * * * *
0
9. Amend Sec.  238.309 by revising paragraphs (b), (d), and (e), 
redesignating paragraph (f) as paragraph (h) and revising newly 
designated paragraph (h), and adding new paragraphs (f) and (g) to read 
as follows:


Sec.  238.309  Periodic brake equipment maintenance.

* * * * *
* * * * *
    (b) DMU and MU locomotives. The brake equipment and brake cylinders 
of each DMU or MU locomotive shall be cleaned, repaired, and tested, 
and the filtering devices or dirt collectors located in the main 
reservoir supply line to the air brake system cleaned, repaired, or 
replaced in accordance with the following schedule:
    (1) At intervals that do not exceed 736 days if the DMU or MU 
locomotive is part of a fleet that is not 100 percent equipped with air 
dryers;
    (2) At intervals that do not exceed 1,104 days if the DMU or MU 
locomotive is part of a fleet that is 100 percent equipped with air 
dryers and is equipped with a brake system not listed in paragraphs 
(b)(3) through (7) of this section;
    (3) At intervals that do not exceed 1,472 days if the DMU or MU 
locomotive is part of a fleet that is 100 percent equipped with air 
dryers and is equipped with PS-68, 26-C, 26-L, PS-90, CS-1, RT-2, RT-
5A, GRB-1, CS-2, or 26-R brake systems (26 Type brake system). (This 
listing of brake system types is intended to subsume all brake systems 
using 26 Type, 6N, MC30, ABD, or ABDW control valves and PS68, PS-90, 
26B-1, 26C, 26CE, 26-B1, 30CDW, or 30ECDW engineer's brake valves.);
    (4) At intervals that do not exceed 1,840 days if the DMU or MU 
locomotive is equipped with KB-HL1, KB-HS1, or EPIC 1 (formerly EPIC 
3102) brake systems;
    (5) At intervals that do not exceed 2,944 days if the DMU or MU 
locomotive is equipped with EPIC 3102(D2) or EPIC 2 brake systems;
    (6) At intervals that do not exceed 3,128 days if the DMU or MU 
locomotive is equipped with CCB-1 brake systems; or
    (7) At intervals that do not exceed 3,680 days if the DMU or MU 
locomotive is equipped with CT-1, CCB-2, CCB-26, or FastBrake brake 
systems.
* * * * *
    (d) Passenger coaches and other unpowered vehicles. The brake 
equipment on each passenger coach and each unpowered vehicle used in a 
passenger train shall be cleaned, repaired, and tested in accordance 
with following schedule:
    (1) At intervals that do not exceed 1,104 days for a coach or 
vehicle equipped with a brake system not specifically identified in 
paragraphs (d)(2) through (4) of this section;
    (2) At intervals that do not exceed 1,472 days for a coach or 
vehicle equipped with a 26 Type listed in paragraph (b)(3) of this 
section or equivalent brake system;
    (3) At intervals that do not exceed 2,208 days for a coach or 
vehicle equipped with an AB-type brake system;
    (4) At intervals that do not exceed 2,944 days for a coach or 
vehicle equipped with EE-26 (26-C emulation brake system) or any 
locomotive electronic air brake (EAB) control valve listed in (b)(5) 
through (7) of this section when used for brake cylinder control only; 
or
    (5) At intervals that do not exceed 3,680 days for a coach or 
vehicle equipped with EE-26 (26-C emulation brake system), or any 
locomotive electronic air brake (EAB) control valve listed in (b)(5) 
through (7) of this section when used for brake cylinder control only, 
and operated in a fleet where continuous brake operational health 
information is displayed to the train operator.
    (e) Cab cars. The brake equipment of each cab car shall be cleaned, 
repaired, and tested in accordance with the following schedule:
    (1) At intervals that do not exceed 736 days for all types of a cab 
car brake system not specifically identified in paragraphs (e)(2) 
through (6) of this section;
    (2) At intervals that do not exceed 1,472 days for a cab car brake 
system equipped with 26 Type brake valves listed in paragraph (b)(3) of 
this section;
    (3) At intervals that do not exceed 1,840 days for a cab car brake 
system equipped with KB-HL1, KB-HS1, KB-CT1, or EPIC 1 (formerly EPIC 
3102);
    (4) At intervals that do not exceed 2,944 days for a cab car brake 
system equipped with EPIC 3102(D2) or EPIC 2 brake systems;
    (5) At intervals that do not exceed 3,128 days for a cab car brake 
system equipped with CCB-1 brake systems; or
    (6) At intervals that do not exceed 3,680 days for a cab car brake 
system equipped with CT-1, CCB-2, CCB-26, or FastBrake brake systems.
    (f) Moisture discharge or removal system maintenance. Automatic 
drain valve and air dryer maintenance. All systems for the discharge or 
removal of moisture, such as automatic drain valves and air dryers, 
must be maintained to function as intended.
    (g) Air compressor maintenance. The air compressor (if equipped) 
must be maintained to function as intended with emphasis on detection 
and elimination of oil contamination of the main reservoir air.
    (h) Records of periodic maintenance.
    (1) The date and place of the cleaning, repairing, and testing 
required by this section shall be recorded on Form FRA 6180-49A or a 
similar form developed by the railroad containing the same information, 
and the person performing the work and that person's supervisor shall 
sign or mark the form with a unique employee identifier, if possible. 
Alternatively, the railroad may stencil the vehicle with the date and 
place of the cleaning, repairing, and testing and maintain an 
electronic record of the person performing the work and that person's 
supervisor.
    (2) A record of the parts of the air brake system that are cleaned, 
repaired, and tested shall be kept in the railroad's files, the cab of 
the locomotive, or a designated location in the passenger car until the 
next such periodic test is performed.

    Issued in Washington, DC.
Kyle D. Fields,
Chief Counsel.
[FR Doc. 2025-12168 Filed 6-27-25; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 4910-06-P