[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 119 (Tuesday, June 24, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 26836-26839]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-11510]


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NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

[Docket No. 30-30429; NRC-2025-0099]


ProTechnics, A Division of Core Laboratories LP; Alternate 
Disposal Method for Well Logging Sand-Outs or Well Logging Returns 
Containing Residual Amounts of NRC-Licensed Materials; Environmental 
Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact

AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

ACTION: Notice; issuance.

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is issuing a 
finding of no significant impact (FONSI) and accompanying environmental 
assessment (EA) for an alternate waste disposal method request from 
ProTechnics, a division of Core Laboratories LP (ProTechnics), for the 
disposal of well logging sand-outs or well logging returns containing 
residual amounts of NRC-licensed materials into Class I disposal wells 
in North Slope, Alaska. Based on the analysis in the EA, the NRC staff 
has concluded that there would be no significant impacts to the 
environment from ProTechnics' proposed exemption request and therefore, 
a FONSI is appropriate.

DATES: The EA and FONSI referenced in this document are available on 
June 24, 2025.

ADDRESSES: Please refer to Docket ID NRC-2025-0099 when contacting the 
NRC about the availability of information regarding this document. You 
may obtain publicly available information related to this document 
using any of the following methods:
     Federal Rulemaking Website: Go to https://www.regulations.gov and search for Docket ID NRC-2025-0099. Address 
questions about Docket IDs in Regulations.gov to Bridget Curran; 
telephone: 301-415-1003; email: [email protected]. For technical 
questions, contact the individual(s) listed in the FOR FURTHER 
INFORMATION CONTACT section of this document.
     NRC's Agencywide Documents Access and Management System 
(ADAMS): You may obtain publicly available documents online in the 
ADAMS Public Documents collection at https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html. To begin the search, select ``Begin Web-based ADAMS 
Search.'' For problems with ADAMS, please contact the NRC's Public 
Document Room (PDR) reference staff at 1-800-397-4209, at 301-415-4737, 
or by email to [email protected]. For the convenience of the reader, 
instructions about obtaining materials referenced in this document are 
provided in the ``Availability of Documents'' section.
     NRC's PDR: The PDR, where you may examine and order copies 
of publicly available documents, is open by appointment. To make an 
appointment to visit the PDR, please send an email to 
[email protected] or call 1-800-397-4209 or 301-415-4737, between 8 
a.m. and 4 p.m. eastern time, Monday through Friday, except Federal 
holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Roberto J. Torres, Region IV, U.S. 
Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Arlington, Texas 76011-4511; telephone: 
817-200-1189; email: [email protected], and Christine Pineda, 
Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, U.S. Nuclear 
Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555-0001; telephone: 301-415-
6789; email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Introduction

    The NRC is considering a license amendment for an alternate 
disposal method, pursuant to part 20.2002 of title 10 of the Code of 
Federal Regulations, ``Method for obtaining approval of

[[Page 26837]]

proposed disposal procedures,'' for residual radioactive material 
possessed under NRC Byproduct Materials License No. 42-26928-01. 
ProTechnics seeks NRC approval to allow the injection of well logging 
sand-outs or well logging returns containing residual radioactive 
tracer material (non-hazardous oil and gas industrial waste) into 
specific Class I disposal wells located in the North Slope of Alaska. 
These Class I disposal wells have been approved under permits to accept 
non-hazardous industrial waste by the U.S. Environmental Protection 
Agency (EPA). Approval of this license amendment request would be based 
upon the NRC's review and evaluation of the licensee's proposal, 
current alternatives, and the NRC's radioactive waste disposal 
regulations in 10 CFR part 20, ``Standards for Protection Against 
Radiation''. The NRC staff has evaluated the potential environmental 
impacts of the licensee's proposal and developed an Environmental 
Assessment (EA) in accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR part 51, 
``Environmental Protection Regulations for Domestic Licensing and 
Related Regulatory Functions''. As required by 10 CFR 51.21, ``Criteria 
for and identification of licensing and regulatory actions requiring 
environmental assessments,'' the NRC staff prepared an EA that 
documents its independent evaluation of the potential environmental 
impacts of the alternate disposal method in light of ProTechnics' 
license amendment request. Based on the analysis in the EA, the NRC 
staff has concluded that there would be no significant impacts to the 
environment from ProTechnics' proposed alternate disposal method into 
Class I wells in North Slope, Alaska, and therefore, a FONSI is 
appropriate.

II. Summary of Environmental Assessment

Description of the Proposed Action

    The proposed action is to issue an amendment to Byproduct Materials 
License No. 42-26928-01 for approval of an alternate waste disposal 
method for well logging sand-outs or well logging returns containing 
residual radioactive tracer beads produced as a result of fracturing 
sand well logging operations. The licensee seeks approval to allow 
fracturing sand-outs or well returns that are below the levels 
considered to be ``Radioactive Waste'' in 40 CFR 144.3 and that are not 
considered hazardous waste to be disposed of by injecting into Class I 
industrial waste disposal wells in North Slope, Alaska. These Class I 
wells have been approved under permits issued by the EPA to accept this 
type of waste since EPA has jurisdiction for these wells in Alaska. The 
radioactive tracer materials would be in the patented Zero-Wash bead 
form. This method of disposal would be used as an alternative to 
existing methods of disposal authorized by the NRC in the current 
license issued to ProTechnics.
    If approved, ProTechnics' 10 CFR 20.2002 alternate waste disposal 
method authorization for use of Class I disposal wells in North Slope, 
Alaska, would contain the following provisions: (1) the radioactive 
concentration of waste must be less than 1,000 picocuries/gram; (2) the 
half-life of the radioactive material being disposed of must be less 
than or equal to 120 days and include only the following tracers: 
scandium-46, bromine-82, zirconium-95, antimony-124, iodine-131, 
iridium-192, or gold-198 in the form of the patented ``Zero-Wash'' 
product in sand-outs and well returns; (3) the Class I disposal well 
accepting the non-hazardous oil and gas industrial waste that will be 
generated in part by ProTechnics from well logging operations must be 
permitted by the State, Territory, or Federal jurisdiction for which it 
is located; and (4) ProTechnics must maintain a written agreement with 
the Class I disposal well owner or operator to control access to the 
well until the radioactivity has decayed to unrestricted release 
levels.

Need for the Proposed Action

    The purpose of the proposed action is to allow ProTechnics an 
additional disposal alternative because some locations where tracer 
operations are conducted do not allow the use of shallow pits and there 
are no Class II wells nearby for disposal of well sand-outs or well 
returns. This proposed action is needed to allow the continued use of 
tracer beads in oil production in those areas. The use of radioactive 
tracer beads increases the efficiency of oil and gas production and 
reduces the cost of recovery to the well operators. The NRC is 
fulfilling its responsibility under the Atomic Energy Act and the 
National Environmental Policy Act to review the proposed action and 
approve it only if it would ensure adequate protection of the public 
health and safety and the environment.

Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Action

    The NRC staff has assessed the potential environmental impacts from 
ProTechnics' request for approval of an alternate disposal method. The 
proposed action would authorize the disposal of specified NRC-licensed 
material in EPA approved operating Class I disposal wells in North 
Slope, Alaska, in which materials are injected below the water table. 
Class I wells allow injection far below the lowermost underground 
source of drinking water (USDW), with injection zones that typically 
range from 1,700 feet to more than 10,000 feet in depth. The injection 
zone is below and separated from USDWs by an impermeable ``cap'' rock 
called the confining layer. The confining layer may be associated with 
additional layers of permeable and impermeable rock and sediment to 
separate the injection zone from USDWs. Owners and operators of Class I 
wells in Alaska must meet specific requirements to hold an EPA permit. 
These requirements address the siting, construction, operation, 
monitoring and testing, reporting and recordkeeping, and closure of 
Class I wells.
    Before allowing Class I wells to operate, the EPA assesses the 
potential socioeconomic and environmental impacts as part of their 
review and permitting processes. Because the proposed action would 
involve the use of existing EPA approved structures, the NRC staff 
concludes that the proposed action would not result in significant 
impacts on historic and cultural resources, ecological resources, land 
use, or visual resources. In addition, due to the design of the 
patented Zero-Wash product (no wash off of radioactive material) and 
the crush strength of the Zero-Wash product (i.e., greater than 10,000 
psi), the NRC staff concludes that the well logging sand-outs and well 
logging returns would not contaminate USDW and, as required for the 
permitting of Class I wells, would not migrate from the formation where 
injected. Because the proposed action would only allow the use of pre-
existing Class I disposal wells, there would be no increased air 
emissions, noise, or impacts on local or regional business conditions, 
populations, or demographics. In general, Class I disposal wells are 
not located in residential or business areas. Construction, permitting, 
operating, and monitoring requirements are more stringent for Class I 
waste disposal wells than for other Classes of injection wells. 
Approximately 800 operational Class I wells exist in the U.S. (about 17 
percent of Class I wells are hazardous waste disposal wells, while 53 
percent of Class I wells provide for injection of non-hazardous 
industrial waste). The proposed action could result in the use of non-
hazardous industrial waste Class I wells in North Slope, Alaska, that 
are specifically permitted in 13 well

[[Page 26838]]

permits issued by the EPA's Region 10 to accept non-hazardous 
industrial waste, depending on availability. These 13 Class I well 
permit numbers are: AK1I001-B, AK1I002-C, AK1I003-C, AK1I005-C, 
AK1I008-B, AK1I009-B, AK1I010-B, AK1I011-C, AK1I015-B, AK1I017-A, 
AK1I019-A, AK1I024-A, and AK1I025-A. These permits can be found on the 
EPA website at https://www.epa.gov/uic/uic-permits-issued-epa-region-10. The EPA has determined for all these 13 permits that the injection 
zones for the Class I wells identified on these permits are in areas 
that are not considered underground sources of drinking water (USDW).
    Increased radiation exposure to the general public from 
transporting waste containing residual radioactive tracer beads to the 
disposal site would be negligible. There are two routes of exposure 
possible, external and internal. The internal exposure route would be 
from ingestion of the tracer material since the particle size is such 
that it's not respirable. The material is not soluble in the body, 
thereby reducing the residence time. At the concentrations expected, an 
individual would need to ingest 200 pounds of the material to receive 
1/10 of the regulatory annual limit of intake specified in 10 CFR part 
20, B. The maximum radiation exposure level at a distance of one foot 
from a vehicle transporting this waste would be on the order of 0.1 
millirem per hour. The radiation level in the cab of the transport 
vehicle would be on the order of 0.004 millirem per hour. Using an 
average transport time of one hour and assuming the same driver would 
transport all the expected disposals (10 per year), the exposure to the 
driver of the vehicle would be 0.04 millirem. Due to the waste's low 
radiation level and radioactive concentration, an accident causing the 
release of the sand-outs or well returns from the transport vehicle 
would result in minimal exposure to workers or members of the public 
during the subsequent cleanup efforts (i.e., less than 0.04 millirem).
    Tracer injection operations at the disposal wells are automated to 
minimize the time required for personnel to be in the immediate area of 
the injected material. Assuming an injection time of four hours per 
disposal and an individual within one foot of the radioactive material 
during the injection operation, the NRC staff expects that the total 
exposure per year would not exceed four millirem from this operation. 
The disposal site would be surveyed to verify that the site meets the 
NRC criteria for unrestricted use in accordance with 10 CFR part 20 
after each time the waste (well logging returns or sand-out material) 
is injected into a Class I disposal well. Because ProTechnics uses 
short-lived radionuclides in well logging operations, the residual 
radioactive material concentrations that would be shipped for disposal 
in Class I wells would be below the 1,000 picocuries/gram limit 
proposed as a condition in the NRC license. There would be no increase 
in the amounts or types of wastes or in the number of transport 
vehicles on the highways due to this proposed disposal option. The 
current practice of transporting well logging sand-outs or well returns 
to a decay-in-storage facility, shallow disposal pit, or Class II 
disposal well requires that at least one transport vehicle be used, and 
this practice would continue. Procedures would continue to be in place 
to handle any emergency situation arising from any incident involving 
the handling or transportation of this material.
    Where Class I disposal wells in North Slope, Alaska, are available, 
the proposed action would result in reducing the use of other methods 
of disposal that have a greater potential for worker and public 
exposure. These methods include disposal in shallow earthen pits and 
decay-in-storage facilities that require additional handling as 
described in the EA.
    Based on the discussion above, the NRC staff expects that the 
environmental impacts resulting from the disposal of this material into 
Class I disposal in North Slope, Alaska, would not be significant. The 
NRC staff assumes that the EPA permitting process for the operation of 
Class I waste disposal wells sufficiently addressed the potential 
radiological and non-radiological environmental impacts of operating 
these wells.

Environmental Impacts of the Alternatives to the Proposed Action

    An alternative to the proposed action is the no-action alternative. 
Under the no-action alternative, the NRC would not grant ProTechnics' 
approval of an alternate disposal method in Class I wells in North 
Slope, Alaska. The no-action alternative would result in fewer options 
for disposing of well logging sand-outs or well logging returns 
containing radioactive tracer beads. This alternative would likely 
result in no change to the frequency of use of currently in-use, 
approved disposal methods such as shallow earthen pits and decay-in-
storage facilities. When compared to disposal in Class I industrial 
waste wells, these methods involve a slightly higher risk of exposing 
workers and members of the public to radioactive material. ProTechnics' 
use of shallow earthen pits and decay-in-storage facilities requires 
additional handling of the radioactive material, which slightly 
increases the potential for exposure. For disposal in shallow earthen 
pits, ProTechnics transports the sand-out material to the new pits, 
covers the disposal pits with at least two feet of soil, and marks the 
disposal sites in order to control access to the public. Storage in 
leased decay-in-storage facilities occurs before unrestricted disposal 
or burial in shallow earthen pits.

Agencies and Persons Consulted

    The NRC staff has prepared this environmental assessment with input 
from the Alaska Oil & Gas Conservation Commission and the EPA's 
Division of Underground Injection Control (UIC). The EPA UIC confirmed 
that the permitting review for each Class I well includes an 
appropriate environmental review.
    Because the proposed action would allow disposing of well logging 
sand-outs or well returns containing residual amounts of NRC licensed 
radioactive material in existing Class I wells deep underground, the 
NRC has concluded that there is no potential to affect threatened or 
endangered species. Therefore, consultation under Section 7 of the 
Endangered Species Act is not necessary. Likewise, the NRC staff has 
determined that the proposed undertaking is not a type of activity that 
has the potential to affect historic properties, and therefore the NRC 
has no further obligations under Section 106 of the National Historic 
Preservation Act.

III. Finding of No Significant Impact

    The NRC staff has concluded that, given the depth, location and 
mechanical barriers of EPA-approved Class I wells in North Slope, 
Alaska, and ProTechnics' identified administrative items, there would 
be no impacts to land use, transportation, geology and soils, surface 
water and ground water, ecology, air quality, noise, historic and 
cultural resources, socioeconomics, visual and scenic resources, and 
waste management. Additionally, the NRC staff evaluated the potential 
radiological impacts and found those to be minimal and not significant.
    The NRC staff has prepared this EA to evaluate the potential 
environmental impacts of the proposed action to approve ProTechnics' 
alternate disposal method procedures for the disposal of well logging 
sand-outs or well logging returns containing residual radioactive

[[Page 26839]]

tracer material (non-hazardous oil and gas industrial waste) into 
specific Class I disposal wells located in the North Slope of Alaska. 
Based on this EA, NRC has concluded that there are no significant 
environmental impacts and the license amendment request does not 
warrant the preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement. 
Accordingly, the NRC has determined that a FONSI is appropriate. In 
accordance with 10 CFR 51.32(a)(4), this FONSI incorporates the EA set 
forth in this notice by reference.

IV. Availability of Documents

    The documents identified in the following table are available to 
interested persons through one or more of the following methods, as 
indicated.

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                                                  ADAMS Accession No. or
              Document description                   Federal Register
                                                          notice
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``Radiological Criteria for License               62 FR 39058
 Termination,'' 10 CFR Part 20, Subpart E,        66 FR 55789
 published July 21, 1997, November 2, 2001, and   72 FR 49485.
 August 28, 2007.
``Waste Disposal,'' 10 CFR Part 20, Subpart K     56 FR 23403
 (56 FR 23403, published May 21, 1991, November   66 FR 55789
 2, 2001, and October 1, 2007.                    72 FR 55922.
NUREG-1757, Volume 1, Revision 2, ``Consolidated  ML063000243.
 Decommissioning Guidance, Decommissioning
 Process for Materials Licensees, Final
 Report,'' published September 2006.
NUREG-1748, ``Environmental Review Guidance for   ML032450279.
 Licensing Actions Associated with NMSS
 Programs, Final Report,'' published August 2003.
``Environmental Assessment and Finding of No      68 FR 61472.
 Significant Impact Related to Materials License
 No. 42-26928-01, Core Laboratories, Inc. (dba
 ProTechnics) of Houston, TX, License Amendment
 Request for Approval of an Alternate Disposal
 Method'' (Class II wells), published October
 28, 2003.
License Amendment Request for ProTechnics'        ML25051A343.
 Division of Core Laboratories LP to allow
 disposal of well logging returns containing
 residual tracer material into Class I disposal
 wells, dated February 19, 2025.
License Amendment Request for ProTechnics'        ML23352A126.
 Division of Core Laboratories LP to allow
 disposal of well logging returns containing
 residual tracer material into Class I disposal
 wells, dated December 13, 2023.
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    Dated: June 18, 2025.
    For the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Robert Sun,
Chief, Environmental Review Materials Branch, Division of Rulemaking, 
Environmental, and Financial Support, Office of Nuclear Material 
Safety, and Safeguards.
[FR Doc. 2025-11510 Filed 6-23-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7590-01-P