[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 112 (Thursday, June 12, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 24856-24860]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-10660]


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OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE


Notice of Proposed Modification of Action in Section 301 
Investigation of China's Targeting the Maritime, Logistics, and 
Shipbuilding Sectors for Dominance

AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR).

ACTION: Request for comments.

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SUMMARY: USTR requests written comments regarding potential 
modification of certain aspects of the trade action in connection with 
the Section 301 investigation of China's targeting of the maritime, 
logistics, and shipbuilding sectors for dominance. The U.S. Trade 
Representative has determined to propose that it is appropriate to 
modify the action by: for Annex III, providing for a targeted coverage 
provision pertaining to vessels in the Maritime Security Program and 
changing the basis of the fee to net tons; and for Annex IV, 
eliminating paragraph (j), retroactive to April 17, 2025, under which 
USTR may direct the suspension of LNG export licenses until the terms 
of paragraph (f) of this Annex are met. USTR also seeks comments on 
changing the data reporting requirements in paragraph (k) and applying 
Annex IV restrictions to vessel owners or operators.

DATES: 
    June 6, 2025: Comment period opens.
    July 7, 2025: To be assured of consideration, submit written 
comments regarding the proposed modification of the action by this 
date.

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FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Megan Grimball and Philip Butler, 
Chairs of the Section 301 Committee; Thomas Au, Associate General 
Counsel; or Henry Smith, Anjani Nadadur, or David Salkeld, Assistant 
General Counsels at 202.395.5725.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

A. Background

    On April 17, 2024, the U.S. Trade Representative initiated an 
investigation of China's acts, policies, and practices targeting the 
maritime, logistics, and shipbuilding sectors for dominance. See 89 FR 
29424 (April 22, 2024).
    On January 16, 2025, USTR released a public report on the 
investigation. As detailed in the report, for nearly three decades, 
China has targeted the maritime, logistics, and shipbuilding sectors 
for dominance and has employed increasingly aggressive and specific 
targets in pursuing dominance. China has largely achieved its dominance 
goals, severely disadvantaging U.S. companies, workers, and the U.S. 
economy generally through lessened competition and commercial 
opportunities and through the creation of economic security risks from 
dependencies and vulnerabilities. The report is available on USTR's 
website at: https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/enforcement/301Investigations/USTRReportChinaTargetingMaritime.pdf.
    Based on the information obtained during the investigation and 
taking into account public comments and the advice of the Section 301 
Committee and appropriate advisory committees, the U.S. Trade 
Representative determined that China's targeting of the maritime, 
logistics, and shipbuilding sectors for dominance is unreasonable and 
burdens or restricts U.S. commerce, and thus is actionable under 
Sections 301(b) and 304(a) of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (Trade 
Act) (19 U.S.C. 2411(b) and 2414(a)). See 90 FR 8089 (January 23, 
2025).
    On February 21, 2025, the U.S. Trade Representative proposed that 
action was appropriate and to take responsive action in the form of 
service fees and restrictions against certain maritime transport 
services. The U.S. Trade Representative also proposed that certain 
maritime transport service fees and restrictions would be applicable on 
a nondiscriminatory basis. See 90 FR 10843 (February 27, 2025). USTR 
received comments on the proposal and held a two-day public hearing on 
March 24 and 26, 2025. USTR received nearly 600 comments and nearly 60 
individuals participated in the public hearings.
    On April 9, 2025, the President issued Executive Order 14269 titled 
Restoring America's Maritime Dominance,\1\ which states that ``[i]t is 
the policy of the United States to revitalize and rebuild domestic 
maritime industries and workforce to promote national security and 
economic prosperity.'' In implementing this policy, Executive Order 
14269 addresses actions in this investigation (Section 5) and also 
describes additional policies to broadly address China's targeting of 
the maritime, logistics, and shipbuilding sectors for dominance, 
including:
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    \1\ Executive Order 14269 is available at: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/04/15/2025-06465/restoring-americas-maritime-dominance.
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     The creation of a Maritime Action Plan (Section 3).
     The engagement of allies and partners to align trade 
policies, including with respect to this investigation (Section 7).
     Efforts to reduce dependence on adversaries by 
recommending incentives for shipbuilders in allied nations to undertake 
capital investment in the United States (Section 8).
     The development of a legislative proposal for a maritime 
security trust fund that considers using revenue, including from this 
action, to establish a reliable, dedicated funding source for programs 
under the Maritime Action Plan (Section 9).
    On April 17, 2025, pursuant to Sections 301(b), 301(c), and 304(a) 
of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2411(b), 2411(c), and 2414(a)), the U.S. 
Trade Representative determined to take action in this investigation. 
After carefully reviewing the public comments and testimony from the 
two-day public hearing, and the advice of advisory committees and 
agencies that regulate the services involved, the U.S. Trade 
Representative determined that action is appropriate and that 
appropriate and feasible action in this investigation includes the 
actions as provided in Annexes I, II, III, and IV of the April 17 
determination. The actions announced in the April 17 determination are 
occurring in two phases. For the first 180 days following the April 17 
determination, the applicable fees will be set at $0. In the first 
phase, beginning on October 14, 2025, the following will be assessed:
     Fees on vessel owners and operators of China based on net 
tonnage, increasing incrementally over the following years;
     Fees on operators of Chinese-built ships based on net 
tonnage or containers, increasing incrementally over the following 
years; and
     Fees on foreign-built car carrier vessels based on their 
capacity.
    The second phase, beginning on April 17, 2028, includes certain 
limited restrictions on the maritime transport of LNG through 
requirements to use domestic vessels. The action provides for 
suspension of the restriction for entities ordering and taking delivery 
of a U.S.-built vessel. See generally 90 FR 17114 (April 23, 2025) 
(April 17 determination).
    Consistent with the President's direction in Executive Order 14269, 
and as reflected in the April 17 determination, the U.S. Trade 
Representative also proposed additional duties on ship-to-shore cranes 
and other cargo handling equipment. See Annex V of the April 17 
determination. Potential modifications concerning these products may be 
addressed in a separate notice.

B. Proposed Modifications

    Section 307 of the Trade Act provides that ``[t]he Trade 
Representative may modify or terminate any action, subject to the 
specific direction, if any, of the President with respect to such 
action, that is being taken under [Section 301] if . . . such action is 
being taken under section 301(b) of this title and is no longer 
appropriate.'' The term ``appropriate'' refers to Section 301(b), which 
requires the U.S. Trade Representative to ``take all appropriate and 
feasible action authorized under [section 301(c)] to obtain the 
elimination of [the] act, policy, or practice.'' Under Section 301(b), 
actions may no longer be appropriate if they may result in impairments 
to other key U.S. interests; may not reduce dependencies on China in 
the maritime, logistics, and shipbuilding sectors; or may present 
administrability concerns. For Annex III, USTR has determined to 
propose modifications to provide for targeted coverage for a specific 
program that reduces dependence on China. Furthermore, USTR proposes a 
modification of the fee basis described in that Annex from Car 
Equivalent Units to net tonnage, which is appropriate to address 
administrability and in light of the potential for fee evasion. For 
Annex IV, USTR has determined to propose eliminating the term providing 
for suspension of export licenses in paragraph (j) in order to allay 
concerns about the provision's impact on the U.S. LNG sector.
    The U.S. Trade Representative has determined to propose that it is 
appropriate to modify the action by:
     For Annex III: providing for a targeted coverage provision 
pertaining to vessels in the Maritime Security

[[Page 24858]]

Program and changing the basis of the fee to net tons.
     For Annex IV: eliminating the term providing for 
suspension of export licenses in paragraph (j), retroactive to April 
17, 2025. USTR further seeks comments on changing the data reporting 
requirement in paragraph (k) and applying Annex IV restrictions to 
vessel owners or operators.

C. Request for Public Comments

    In accordance with Section 307(a)(2) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 
2417(a)(2)), USTR invites comments from interested persons with respect 
to the proposed modifications addressed in Section B of this notice. 
USTR requests comments with respect to the following considerations in 
relation to the proposed modifications:
     For Annex III: the potential impact of a fee based on net 
tons and the suggested amount of the fee, and implications of a 
targeted coverage provision for the Maritime Security Program and 
suggested duration for such targeted coverage.
     For Annex IV: the potential impact of eliminating the term 
providing for suspension of export licenses in paragraph (j); applying 
data collection requirements under paragraph (k) to vessel operators or 
owners, and if not, what entity is appropriate; and applying Annex IV 
restrictions to vessel owners or operators, and if not, what entity is 
appropriate.
    To be assured of consideration, you must submit written comments on 
the proposed modifications by July 7, 2025.

D. Procedure for Written Submissions

    You must submit written comments and rebuttal comments using docket 
number USTR-2025-0013 on the electronic portal at https://comments.ustr.gov/s/. To submit written comments, use the docket on the 
portal entitled ``Request for Comments Concerning Proposed Modification 
of Action Pursuant to the Section 301 Investigation of China's 
Targeting of the Maritime, Logistics, and Shipbuilding Sectors for 
Dominance.''
    You do not need to establish an account to submit comments. The 
first screen of each docket allows you to enter identification and 
contact information. Third party organizations such as law firms, trade 
associations, or customs brokers, should identify the full legal name 
of the organization they represent, and identify the primary point of 
contact for the submission. Information fields are optional; however, 
your comment or request may not be considered if insufficient 
information is provided.
    Fields with a gray Business Confidential Information (BCI) notation 
are for BCI information which will not be made publicly available. 
Fields with a green (Public) notation will be viewable by the public.
    After entering the identification and contact information, you can 
complete the remainder of the comment, or any portion of it by clicking 
`Next.' You may upload documents at the end of the form and indicate 
whether USTR should treat the documents as business confidential or 
public information.
    Any page containing BCI must be clearly marked `BUSINESS 
CONFIDENTIAL' on the top of that page and the submission should clearly 
indicate, via brackets, highlighting, or other means, the specific 
information that is BCI. If you request business confidential 
treatment, you must certify in writing that disclosure of the 
information would endanger trade secrets or profitability, and that the 
information would not customarily be released to the public.
    Parties uploading attachments containing BCI also must submit a 
public version of their comments. If these procedures are not 
sufficient to protect BCI or otherwise protect business interests, 
please contact the USTR Section 301 support line at 202.395.5725 to 
discuss whether alternative arrangements are possible.
    USTR will post attachments uploaded to the docket for public 
inspection, except for properly designated BCI. You can view 
submissions on USTR's electronic portal at https://comments.ustr.gov/s/ 
by entering docket numbers USTR-2025-0013 in the search field on the 
home page.

Annex

    The following text is provided for illustrative purposes only. For 
information only, the following proposed modifications would not affect 
the chapeau, Annex I, or Annex II of the April 17 Determination.
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Jennifer Thornton,
General Counsel, Office of the United States Trade Representative.
[FR Doc. 2025-10660 Filed 6-11-25; 8:45 am]
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