[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 111 (Wednesday, June 11, 2025)]
[Presidential Documents]
[Pages 24719-24721]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-10803]
Presidential Documents
Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 111 / Wednesday, June 11, 2025 /
Presidential Documents
[[Page 24719]]
Executive Order 14305 of June 6, 2025
Restoring American Airspace Sovereignty
By the authority vested in me as President by the
Constitution and the laws of the United States of
America, it is hereby ordered:
Section 1. Purpose. Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS),
otherwise known as drones, offer the potential to
enhance public safety as well as cement America's
leadership in global innovation. But criminals,
terrorists, and hostile foreign actors have intensified
their weaponization of these technologies, creating new
and serious threats to our homeland. Drug cartels use
UAS to smuggle fentanyl across our borders, deliver
contraband into prisons, surveil law enforcement, and
otherwise endanger the public. Mass gatherings are
vulnerable to disruptions and threats by unauthorized
UAS flights. Critical infrastructure, including
military bases, is subject to frequent--and often
unidentified--UAS incursions. Immediate action is
needed to ensure American sovereignty over its skies
and that its airspace remains safe and secure.
Sec. 2. Definitions. For the purposes of this order:
(a) the term ``unmanned aircraft systems'' or
``UAS'' has the meaning given in 49 U.S.C. 44801;
(b) the term ``critical infrastructure'' has the
meaning given in 42 U.S.C. 5195c(e), and includes
systems and assets in all of the designated critical
infrastructure sectors identified in National Security
Memorandum 22 of April 30, 2024 (Critical
Infrastructure Security and Resilience) (NSM-22); and
(c) the term Sector Risk Management Agency or
``SRMA'' has the same meaning given in 6 U.S.C. 650 and
as further described in NSM-22.
Sec. 3. Policy. It is the policy of the United States
to ensure control over our national airspace and to
protect the public, critical infrastructure, mass
gathering events, and military and sensitive government
installations and operations from threats posed by the
careless or unlawful use of UAS.
Sec. 4. Task Force to Restore American Airspace
Sovereignty. To assist in ensuring control over our
national airspace, there is hereby established the
Federal Task Force to Restore American Airspace
Sovereignty (Task Force). The Task Force shall be
chaired by the Assistant to the President for National
Security Affairs (APNSA) or a designee, and include
principals, or their designees, from appropriate
executive departments and agencies as identified by the
APNSA. The Task Force shall review relevant
operational, technical, and regulatory frameworks and
develop and propose solutions to UAS threats, as
appropriate and consistent with applicable law, and
shall make recommendations on the implementation of all
actions identified in this order.
Sec. 5. Airspace Regulations to Protect the Public. The
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) shall:
(a) with respect to the rulemaking required by
section 2209(f) of the FAA Extension, Safety, and
Security Act of 2016, as amended:
(i) promptly submit a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) and the Task Force establishing the statutorily
required process for restricting drone flights over fixed site facilities,
and interpreting, to the extent appropriate, critical infrastructure
consistent with the definition of that term in this order; and
[[Page 24720]]
(ii) promulgate a final rule as soon as practicable after publication of
the NPRM;
(b) make national security and homeland security
assessments under section 2209 in coordination with
Sector Risk Management Agencies (SRMAs), the Secretary
of Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, or the
Attorney General, as appropriate, and whenever military
installations or operations are implicated, with the
Secretary of Defense; and
(c) within 180 days of the date of this order, make
freely available online Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs) and
Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) in an open format
easily accepted for drone geofencing and Aircraft
Navigation and Guidance system purposes. This online
availability should supplement, but not replace,
existing NOTAMs and TFR promulgation methods.
Sec. 6. Enhancing Airspace Sovereignty. (a) the
Attorney General, in coordination with the
Administrator of the FAA, shall take appropriate steps
to ensure full enforcement of applicable civil and
criminal laws when drone operators endanger the public,
violate established airspace restrictions, or operate a
drone in furtherance of an element of another crime;
(b) on a recurring basis, the Attorney General
shall submit to the President, through the APNSA,
legislative proposals that would revise criminal
penalties for violations of restricted airspace; and
(c) within 30 days of the date of this order, and
to the extent allowed by law, the Attorney General and
the Secretary of Homeland Security shall ensure that
their respective departments' grant programs permit
otherwise eligible State, local, tribal, and
territorial (SLTT) agencies to receive grants to
purchase UAS or equipment or services for the
detection, tracking, or identification of drones and
drone signals, consistent with the legal authorities of
those SLTTs.
Sec. 7. Detection, Tracking, and Identification of
Drones and Drone Signals. (a) To the extent permitted
by law and consistent with the Fourth Amendment,
executive departments and agencies shall use all
available existing authorities to employ equipment to
detect, track, and identify drones and drone signals.
(b) Within 30 days of the date of this order, the
Attorney General, the Secretary of Transportation, the
Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Chairman of the
Federal Communications Commission shall revise the
August 2020 ``Advisory on the Application of Federal
Laws to the Acquisition and Use of Technology to Detect
and Mitigate Unmanned Aircraft Systems'' to reflect
relevant developments in Federal law and regulations
addressing drones.
(c) Within 60 days of the date of this order, the
Administrator of the FAA shall provide, to the extent
permitted by law, including the Privacy Act of 1974 (5
U.S.C. 552a), automated real-time access to personal
identifying information associated with UAS remote
identification signals to appropriate executive
departments and agencies and SLTT agencies for the
purposes of enforcing applicable Federal or State law,
with appropriate national security and privacy
safeguards.
(d) Within 60 days of the date of this order, the
Secretary of Homeland Security and the Administrator of
the FAA, in coordination with the heads of other SRMAs
as appropriate, shall publish guidance to aid private
critical infrastructure owners or operators in
employing technologies to detect, track, and identify
drones and drone signals.
Sec. 8. Enhancing General Protections. Within 90 days
of the date of this order, the Secretary of Homeland
Security and the Attorney General, in coordination with
the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of
Transportation, shall submit a recommendation to the
President, through the APNSA, using risk-based
assessment as defined in 6 U.S.C. 124n(k)(8), on
whether the northern and southern land borders; large
airports; Federal facilities; critical infrastructure;
and military installations, facilities, and assets
should be designated as covered facilities or assets
under 6 U.S.C. 124n and 10
[[Page 24721]]
U.S.C. 130i and whether any changes to law would be
necessary relating to such designation.
Sec. 9. Building Counter-UAS Capacity. (a) Within 30
days of the date of this order, the Attorney General
and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall explore
integrating counter-UAS operational responses as part
of Joint Terrorism Task Forces for the purpose of
protecting mass gathering events.
(b) The Attorney General, in coordination with the
Secretary of Defense; the Secretary of Transportation,
acting through the Administrator of the FAA; the
Secretary of Homeland Security; the Director of OMB;
and the Chairman of the Federal Communications
Commission, shall promptly take all appropriate steps
to implement the recommendations of the March 2022
Feasibility Report to Congress with regard to the
creation of the National Training Center for Counter-
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (Center), and, upon
establishment of the Center, focus initial training
provided by the Center on development of Federal and
SLTT capabilities to secure major upcoming national and
international sporting events held in the United
States, such as the FIFA World Cup 2026 and the 2028
Summer Olympics.
Sec. 10. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order
shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or
the head thereof; or
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget
relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with
applicable law and subject to the availability of
appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not,
create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural,
enforceable at law or in equity by any party against
the United States, its departments, agencies, or
entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any
other person.
(d) The costs for publication of this order shall
be borne by the Department of Transportation.
(Presidential Sig.)
THE WHITE HOUSE,
June 6, 2025.
[FR Doc. 2025-10803
Filed 6-10-25; 11:15 am]
Billing code 4910-9X-P