[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 108 (Friday, June 6, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 24130-24137]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-10353]


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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

[Docket No. AD25-7-000]


Meeting the Challenge of Resource Adequacy in Regional 
Transmission Organization and Independent System Operator Regions; 
Third Supplemental Notice of Commissioner-Led Technical Conference

    As announced in the February 20, 2025 Notice in this proceeding, 
the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Commission) will convene a 
Commissioner-led technical conference in the above-referenced 
proceeding. The two-day technical conference will take place from 9:00 
a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time on Wednesday, June 4, 2025, and 9:00 
a.m. to 4:15 p.m. Eastern Time on Thursday, June 5, 2025, in the Kevin 
J. McIntyre Commission Meeting Room at the Federal Energy Regulatory 
Commission, 888 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20426.
    The purpose of this technical conference is to discuss generic 
issues related to resource adequacy constructs, including the roles of 
capacity markets in the Regional Transmission Organization (RTO)/
Independent System Operator (ISO) regions that utilize them and 
alternative constructs in RTO/ISO regions without capacity markets. The 
conference will start with a panel discussion on resource adequacy 
challenges across RTO/ISO regions, including regional differences. The 
remainder of the first day will include three panels specific to PJM 
Interconnection, L.L.C. (PJM) that will explore PJM's resource adequacy 
challenge, PJM states' perspectives, and additional perspectives on 
PJM's path forward. The second day will start with two panels specific 
to Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc. (MISO) that will 
explore MISO's resource adequacy challenge and perspectives on MISO's 
path forward. The remainder of the second day will include one panel to 
explore the resource adequacy challenge in ISO New England Inc. (ISO-
NE) and New York Independent System Operator, Inc. (NYISO) and a final 
panel on the resource adequacy challenge in California Independent 
System Operator Corporation (CAISO) and Southwest

[[Page 24131]]

Power Pool (SPP). The preliminary agenda for this conference is 
attached to this Supplemental Notice and provides more detail for each 
panel.
    Commission staff will post pre-filed statements submitted by 
panelists on the FERC technical conference web page prior to the 
conference and in eLibrary. With the exception of opening statements on 
Panel 1, which may be delivered orally, all other panels will proceed 
immediately to questions from the Chairman and Commissioners.
    All interested persons are also invited to file pre-technical 
conference comments in eLibrary on the issues of the conference, 
including the questions listed in the attached agenda. Commenters need 
not answer all the questions but are encouraged to organize responses 
using the numbering and sequencing in the attached agenda.
    The Commission does not intend to discuss at this technical 
conference any specific proceeding pending before the Commission, 
including proceedings that involve similar issues. These proceedings 
include, but are not limited to:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Docket Nos.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
NRG Business Marketing LLC; NRG Power Marketing  ER23-2688, et al.; ER22-
 LLC.                                             1539, et al.
Southwest Power Pool, Inc......................  ER24-1317-000; ER24-
                                                  2953-000
H.A. Wagner LLC; Brandon Shores LLC............  ER24-1787, et al.; ER24-
                                                  1790, et al.
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.....................  ER24-2045-000
California Independent System Operator Corp....  ER24-2671, et al.
Southwest Power Pool, Inc......................  ER25-89-000
Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc..  ER25-507, et al.
Manitowoc Public Utilities.....................  ER25-634-000
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.....................  ER25-682, et al.
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.....................  ER25-712, et al.
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.....................  ER25-785, et al.
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.....................  ER25-1128, et al.
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.; Commonwealth of     ER25-1357, et al.; EL25-
 Pennsylvania v. PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.      46, et al.
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.....................  ER25-1525-000
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.....................  ER25-1623-000
Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc..  ER25-1674-000
Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc..  ER25-1729-000
Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc..  ER25-1802-000
Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc..  ER25-1886-000
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.....................  ER25-2002-000
Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc..  ER25-2050-000
New York Independent System Operator, Inc......  ER25-2245-000
Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc..  ER25-2247-000
Southwest Power Pool, Inc......................  ER25-2296-000
Southwest Power Pool, Inc......................  ER25-2297-000
Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc..  ER25-2298-000
Sierra Club, Natural Resources Defense Council,  EL24-96-000
 Inc., and Sustainable FERC Project v.
 Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Sierra Club, Natural Resources Defense Council,  EL24-148-000
 Public Citizen, Sustainable FERC Project, and
 Union of Concerned Scientists v. PJM
 Interconnection, L.L.C.
Joint Consumer Advocates, Illinois Citizens      EL25-18-000
 Utility Board, Maryland Office of the People's
 Counsel, New Jersey Division of Rate Counsel,
 Office of the Ohio Consumers' Counsel, Office
 of the People's Counsel for the District of
 Columbia v. PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.
Constellation Energy Generation, LLC v. PJM      EL25-20-000
 Interconnection, L.L.C.
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C., Allegheny Electric  EL25-49, et al.
 Cooperative, Inc., American Transmission
 Systems, Incorporated, Atlantic City Electric
 Company, Baltimore Gas and Electric Company,
 Delmarva Power & Light Company, Duke Energy
 Ohio, Inc., Duke Energy Kentucky, Inc., East
 Kentucky Power Cooperative, Inc., Essential
 Power Rock Springs, LLC, Hudson Transmission
 Partners, LLC, Jersey Central Power & Light
 Company, Mid-Atlantic Interstate Transmission,
 LLC, Neptune Regional Transmission System,
 LLC, Old Dominion Electric Cooperative, PECO
 Energy Company, PPL Electric Utilities
 Corporation, Potomac Electric Power Company,
 Public Service Electric and Gas Company,
 Rockland Electric Company, Trans-Allegheny
 Interstate Line Company, Transource West
 Virginia, LLC, UGI Utilities, Inc.,
 Monongahela Power Company, The Potomac Edison
 Company, Commonwealth Edison Company,
 Commonwealth Edison Company of Indiana, Inc.,
 The Dayton Power and Light Company, AEP
 Appalachian Transmission Company, Inc., AEP
 Indiana Michigan Transmission Company, Inc.,
 AEP Kentucky Transmission Company, Inc., AEP
 Ohio Transmission Company, Inc., AEP West
 Virginia Transmission Company, Inc.
 Appalachian Power Company, Indiana Michigan
 Power Company, Kentucky Power Company,
 Kingsport Power Company, Ohio Power Company,
 Wheeling Power Company, Duquesne Light
 Company, Virginia Electric and Power Company,
 Linden VFT, LLC, City of Cleveland, Department
 of Public Utilities, Division of Cleveland
 Public Power, City of Hamilton, OH, Southern
 Maryland Electric Cooperative, Inc., Ohio
 Valley Electric Corporation, AMP Transmission,
 LLC, Silver Run Electric, LLC, NextEra Energy
 Transmission MidAtlantic Indiana, Inc., Wabash
 Valley Power Association, Inc., Keystone
 Appalachian Transmission Company.
Joint Consumer Advocates v. PJM                  EL25-76-000
 Interconnection, L.L.C.
North American Electric Reliability Corporation  RD25-7-000
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[[Page 24132]]

    The technical conference will be open to the public. Advance 
registration is not required, and there is no fee for attendance. 
Information will also be posted on the Calendar of Events on the 
Commission's website, www.ferc.gov, prior to the event. To stay 
apprised of issuances in this docket, there is an ``eSubscription'' 
link on the Commission's website that enables subscribers to receive 
email notification when a document is added to a subscribed docket(s).
    The technical conference will be transcribed and webcast. 
Transcripts will be available for a fee from Ace Reporting (202-347-
3700). A link to the webcast of this event will be available in the 
Commission Calendar of Events at www.ferc.gov. The Commission provides 
technical support for the free webcasts. Please call 202-502-8680 or 
email [email protected] if you have any questions.
    Commission technical conferences are accessible under section 508 
of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. For accessibility accommodations, 
please send an email to [email protected] or call toll free 1-866-
208-3372 (voice) or 202-208-8659 (TTY) or send a fax to 202-208-2106 
with the required accommodations.
    For more information about this technical conference, please 
contact Tim Bialecki at [email protected] or 202-502-8403. For 
legal information, please contact Nathan Lobel at [email protected] 
or 202-502-8456. For logistics information, please contact the Office 
of Public Participation (OPP) at [email protected] or 202-502-6595.

    Dated: June 2, 2025.
Debbie-Anne A. Reese,
Secretary.

Meeting the Challenge of Resource Adequacy in Regional Transmission 
Organization and Independent System Operator Regions, Docket No. AD25-
7-000

Agenda

Wednesday, June 4, 2025

9:00 a.m.-9:15 a.m.: Welcome and Opening Remarks
9:15 a.m.-10:30 a.m.: Panel 1: The Resource Adequacy Challenge in RTOs/
ISOs
    This panel will include opening statements from RTO/ISO 
representatives and a North American Electric Reliability Corporation 
(NERC) representative. Panelists should focus on defining resource 
adequacy, identifying resource adequacy challenges across RTOs/ISOs, 
and identifying information that will inform and guide later 
discussions.
    In recent years, resource retirements, load growth, and the 
changing resource mix have contributed to resource adequacy challenges 
across the nation, including in the RTO/ISO regions. According to 
NERC's 2024 Long-Term Reliability Assessment, five of the six 
Commission jurisdictional RTO/ISO regions are at either high or 
elevated risk of experiencing electricity supply shortfalls.\1\ High 
risk regions are expected to fall below established resource adequacy 
criteria in the next five years, while elevated risk regions meet 
resource adequacy criteria but are likely to experience shortfalls in 
extreme weather conditions. Some trends that continue to challenge 
regions' abilities to achieve resource adequacy include: increasing 
amounts of large commercial and industrial loads (e.g., data centers); 
electrification of energy end uses in transportation and building 
heating/cooling; retirement of baseload generation resources; and 
slower than anticipated interconnection of new resources.\2\ RTO/ISO 
representatives should discuss their current resource adequacy 
constructs, recent resource adequacy challenges and, most importantly, 
their plans and recommendations to address resource adequacy challenges 
within their RTOs/ISOs in the future as demand grows.
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    \1\ NERC, 2024 Long-Term Reliability Assessment 6 (Dec. 2024), 
https://www.nerc.com/pa/RAPA/ra/Reliability%20Assessments%20DL/NERC_Long%20Term%20Reliability%20Assessment_2024.pdf.
    \2\ See id. 8-9, 12, 16, 19.
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    Questions that panelists could be asked:
    1. What is the current state of resource adequacy across RTO/ISO 
regions? Is this static or variable? Are resource adequacy challenges 
more acute in RTO/ISO regions with capacity markets compared to those 
RTO/ISO regions with alternative resource adequacy constructs? Why or 
why not?
    2. Given load growth and generation forecasts, what are your 
resource adequacy challenges going forward?
    3. How do you reconcile your RTO's/ISO's resource adequacy 
objectives with state public policy requirements, which may accelerate 
the retirement of certain resource types or limit the entry of other 
resource types? For example, in light of such state public policy 
requirements and particularly in multi-state RTOs/ISOs, how does your 
RTO/ISO ensure resource adequacy?
    4. What are the key drivers that cause delays in the construction 
and interconnection of generators in your RTO/ISO? What can be done to 
accelerate the interconnection of generators to help meet the resource 
adequacy challenge? How have factors external to your RTO/ISO, such as 
supply chains and siting/permitting, impacted generator interconnection 
timelines? What is the composition of resources in the queue? Will 
accelerating queue processes help address the challenge of resource 
adequacy? How many resources (by number and aggregate nameplate 
capacity) have received approval for interconnection but have not been 
constructed? How, if at all, are the expected resource adequacy 
contributions of a resource in the interconnection queue considered 
during the interconnection process?
    5. Are there additional concerns that may affect resource adequacy 
in the near term (e.g., over the next five years) and in the longer 
term (e.g., ten years and beyond)?
    6. In NERC's view, what aspects of resource adequacy planning could 
be improved? For example, what type of reliability metric (or metrics) 
should be used in resource adequacy planning models? What elements of 
resource adequacy planning can be improved or could serve as best 
practices?
    7. How does your RTO/ISO approach capacity accreditation? What are 
the benefits and drawbacks of harmonizing capacity accreditation 
methods across regions versus allowing for regional variation?
    a. Given that many regions use the same probabilistic models for 
both evaluating resource adequacy and/or reserve margins and for 
Effective Load Carrying Capability (ELCC) accreditation, are there best 
practices in approaches that NERC is observing that could help align 
various regions across the country in using the best modeling 
methodologies or data sources, etc.?
    b. What are the potential strengths, weaknesses, and implementation 
considerations of alternatives to ELCC when evaluating the contribution 
of various types of resources in meeting resource adequacy 
requirements?
    8. How can the RTOs/ISOs ensure that their demand forecasts 
adequately take into account load growth from data centers and other 
large loads? How can the RTOs/ISOs ensure there is sufficient supply to 
meet these demands, and what will those sources of supply be?
    9. How can demand flexibility and demand-side management solutions 
be utilized to address load growth and resource adequacy concerns?
    10. How do you reflect transmission availability--both regional and 
interregional--in your resource

[[Page 24133]]

adequacy planning and requirements? To what extent do your transmission 
planning processes capture the resource adequacy benefits of regional 
and interregional transmission?
Panelists
 Manu Asthana, PJM, President and CEO
 Todd Ramey, MISO, Senior Vice President of Markets and Digital 
Strategy
 Gordon van Welie, ISO-NE, President and CEO
 Richard J. Dewey, NYISO, President and CEO
 Lanny Nickell, SPP, President and CEO
 Elliot Mainzer, CAISO, President and CEO
 Jim Robb, NERC, President and CEO
10:30 a.m.-10:45 a.m.: 15-Minute Break
10:45 a.m.-12:00 p.m.: Panel 2: PJM's Resource Adequacy Challenge
    This panel discussion among the Commission, PJM, and stakeholders 
will focus on resource adequacy challenges specific to PJM, including 
whether changes to the existing market construct are needed or 
potential alternatives to the existing mandatory capacity market 
construct should be considered.
    PJM states that it is facing potential capacity shortfalls as soon 
as the 2026/2027 Delivery Year due to a combination of trends, 
including growing electricity demand, rapid retirement of thermal 
generators, and slow entry of replacement generation.\3\ PJM's capacity 
auction for the 2025/2026 Delivery Year cleared at record high prices 
due to a variety of factors, including declines in supply, growing 
demand, a higher reserve requirement, and revised capacity market 
rules.\4\ In response to recent challenges, PJM has revisited several 
of its capacity market's design elements, such as non-performance 
penalties, granular resource adequacy modeling, resource accreditation, 
and the role of reliability must-run resources in PJM's capacity 
market.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \3\ PJM Board of Directors, Letter to Stakeholders (Dec. 9, 
2024), https://www.pjm.com/-/media/DotCom/about-pjm/who-we-are/public-disclosures/2024/20241209-board-letter-outlining-action-on-capacity-market-adjustments-rri-and-sis.pdf.
    \4\ PJM, 2025/2026 Base Residual Auction Results (2024), https:/
/www.pjm.com/-/media/DotCom/committees-groups/committees/mrc/2024/
20240821/20240821-item-08_-2025-2026-base-residual-auction_-
presentation.pdf.
    \5\ See PJM Interconnection, L.L.C., 190 FERC ] 61,088 (2025); 
PJM Interconnection, L.L.C., 190 FERC ] 61,117 (2025).
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    Questions that panelists could be asked:
    1. What is the state of resource adequacy in PJM in the near term 
(e.g., over the next five years) and over the longer term (e.g., ten 
years and beyond)?
    2. Going forward, what steps will PJM need to take to ensure 
resource adequacy? Is PJM's resource adequacy construct adequate to 
determine resource adequacy needs given changing circumstances (e.g., 
unforeseen load growth, changes in state public policy requirements, 
faster-than-anticipated retirement of resources)?
    3. How does PJM establish its load and resource forecasts?
    a. Have the assumptions driving load and capacity resource 
forecasts changed over time? If so, how?
    b. How do the forecast models weight different inputs? Are some 
assumptions more uncertain, important, or impactful than others?
    c. How have the forecasts performed historically and are you 
considering any changes to forecasting models or processes? For 
example, are you considering requiring demonstration of commercial 
readiness from prospective new large load additions?
    4. To what extent are barriers to entry (e.g., the interconnection 
queue backlog, supply chain limitations, siting and permitting delays, 
etc.) impeding the ability of the capacity market to achieve resource 
adequacy at just and reasonable rates? What opportunities are there to 
address these barriers to entry?
    5. How does PJM consider electric-gas coordination issues in the 
context of resource adequacy planning and capacity resource 
accreditation?
    a. To what extent do uncertainties pertaining to natural gas fuel 
supplies or infrastructure constraints affect resource adequacy 
planning in PJM? How can PJM better address those uncertainties?
    b. Does PJM need additional natural gas pipeline infrastructure for 
the future or is existing infrastructure sufficient?
    6. To what extent does the availability of regional and 
interregional transmission capability affect resource adequacy planning 
in PJM? How can PJM better address the effect of transmission 
capability on resource adequacy?
    7. Is the PJM capacity market adequately designed to provide 
correct signals for needed capacity additions? Given the degree to 
which the capacity market rules have changed in recent years, is the 
PJM capacity market producing stable investment signals? How have these 
frequent rule changes affected market participants and consumers? How 
has PJM sought to maintain stable investment signals in the face of 
these changes?
    8. Do you think PJM's capacity market is more effective at 
delivering resource adequacy than other RTOs/ISOs' approaches would be 
in PJM and, if so, why?
    9. Are there alternatives to a mandatory capacity market construct 
that should be considered, such as a residual capacity market construct 
(e.g., MISO), enhanced use of self-supply mechanisms such as Fixed 
Resource Requirement (FRR), or other mechanisms, including allowing 
load-serving utilities to own generation, increased long-term 
contracting by load-serving utilities, or other alternatives? To what 
extent do the current PJM market rules allow for these alternatives?
    10. Several states in PJM have public policy requirements that 
drive resource entry and exit decisions. How does PJM work with the 
states and the District of Columbia to identify and meet the region's 
resource adequacy needs at just and reasonable rates? Has PJM studied 
the effects of state public policy on either resource adequacy or 
capacity market outcomes? What are the effects of state policies on 
resource adequacy in PJM?
Panelists
 Adam Keech, PJM, Vice President of Market Design and Economics
 Joe Bowring, Monitoring Analytics, President and Independent 
Market Monitor
 Wendy Stark, PPL Corporation, Executive Vice President of 
Utilities & Chief Legal Officer
 Brian Tierney, FirstEnergy, Chairman, President, and CEO
 Glen Thomas, PJM Power Providers Group, President
 Marji Philips, LS Power, Senior Vice President of Wholesale 
Market Policy
 Scott Hallam, Boardwalk Pipelines, President and CEO (on 
behalf of the Interstate Natural Gas Association of America (INGAA)).
12:00 p.m.-1:00 p.m.: Lunch Break
1:00 p.m.-2:15 p.m.: Panel 3: PJM States' Perspectives
    This panel discussion between the Commission and state 
representatives will focus on the status of resource adequacy, and the 
role of states in achieving resource adequacy, in PJM.
    Questions that panelists could be asked:
    1. What should be the allocation of roles and responsibilities 
between PJM and the states to ensure resource adequacy in the PJM 
region? Please explain the role your state takes on with regard to the 
procurement of capacity to

[[Page 24134]]

meet resource adequacy requirements, including with respect to 
bilateral contracting, self-supply, and/or purchases from the PJM 
capacity market. Do states in PJM have appropriate opportunities to 
participate in PJM decisions regarding resource adequacy? Are there 
different, or greater, responsibilities that states should assume to 
ensure resource adequacy?
    2. Is PJM's capacity market compatible with state public policy 
requirements? Why or why not?
    3. Do you believe consumers are treated fairly in the PJM capacity 
market process? If so, why? If not, why not?
    4. Are changes necessary to ensure that the PJM capacity market 
process delivers resource adequacy at just and reasonable rates?
    5. What barriers, if any, are there to PJM states assuming more 
responsibility for resource adequacy via constructs like the Integrated 
Resource Planning (IRP) model, a hybrid between the capacity market and 
IRP model, or enhanced use of self-supply mechanisms such as FRR? 
Should alternatives to the mandatory capacity market construct be 
considered or does your state prefer retaining the existing construct?
    6. Does your state currently have sufficient expertise on resource 
adequacy mechanisms and resource adequacy modeling to meet the 
challenge of resource adequacy without PJM's technical expertise, or 
does your state need additional resources? If your state would need 
additional resources, what types of resources would be required and 
what are the benefits and costs of developing that technical expertise 
compared with continuing to rely on PJM's expertise? Based on those 
costs and benefits, would your state prefer to continue to rely on 
PJM's technical expertise?
    7. What state mechanisms, such as long-term bilateral contracts, 
self-supply arrangements, or other approaches, exist to help ensure 
that rates for procuring resources will be just and reasonable? Will 
consumers have access to the information (transparency) to understand 
their share of the costs for procuring adequate resources?
Panelists
 Chairman Emile C. Thompson, Public Service Commission of the 
District of Columbia, President of Organization of PJM States, Inc. 
(OPSI)
 Jacob Finkel, Office of the Governor of Pennsylvania, Deputy 
Secretary of Policy
 President Christine Guhl-Sadovy, New Jersey Board of Public 
Utilities
 Commissioner Kelsey Bagot, Virginia State Corporation 
Commission
 Commissioner Michael Richard, Maryland Public Service 
Commission
 Commissioner David Veleta, Indiana Utility Regulatory 
Commission
 Commissioner Dennis Deters, Public Utilities Commission of 
Ohio
2:15 p.m.-2:30 p.m.: 15-Minute Break
2:30 p.m.-3:45 p.m.: Panel 4: Additional Perspectives on PJM's Path 
Forward and the Future of Resource Adequacy in PJM
    Panelists will offer their varied perspectives on the topics 
discussed in the first two PJM-specific panels. Topics to be explored 
during this panel may include reforms to the current PJM capacity 
market design, potential alternatives to the existing mandatory 
capacity market, the roles and interests of states and other entities 
(e.g., cooperative and municipal systems) in achieving resource 
adequacy, and how to ensure resource adequacy at reasonable costs for 
consumers.
Panelists
 Brian O. Lipman, Consumer Advocates of the PJM States (CAPS), 
President
 Brian George, Google, US Energy Markets, Senior Lead
 Casey Roberts, Natural Resources Defense Council, Director of 
RTO Advocacy
 Michelle Bloodworth, America's Power, President and CEO
 Denise Foster Cronin, East Kentucky Power Cooperative, Vice 
President of Federal and RTO Regulatory Affairs
 Susan E. Bruce, Industrial Energy Consumers of America, PJM 
Industrial Customer Coalition, Coalition of MISO Transmission 
Customers, and American Forest & Paper Association, Counsel
3:45 p.m.-4:00 p.m.: June 4 Closing Remarks

Thursday, June 5, 2025

9:00 a.m.-9:15 a.m.: Welcome and Opening Remarks
9:15 a.m.-10:45 a.m.: Panel 5: MISO's Resource Adequacy Challenge
    This panel discussion among the Commission, MISO, and MISO 
stakeholders will focus on resource adequacy challenges specific to 
MISO.
    MISO faces the most immediate risk of falling below established 
resource adequacy criteria compared to all other regions assessed by 
NERC in its 2024 Long-Term Reliability Assessment.\6\ According to 
MISO's 2024 Regional Resource Assessment (RRA), MISO may need to add 17 
gigawatts of new capacity each year for the next 20 years--more than 
triple the recent average rate of 4.7 gigawatts per year--to reliably 
meet future demand and policy goals.\7\ Although MISO's RRA expects 
thermal resources and battery storage to account for the bulk of the 
region's accredited capacity in the future, the capacity of variable 
energy resources is expected to grow and contribute to an increasing 
need for ramp capability.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \6\ See NERC, 2024 Long-Term Reliability Assessment (Dec. 2024), 
https://www.nerc.com/pa/RAPA/ra/Reliability%20Assessments%20DL/NERC_Long%20Term%20Reliability%20Assessment_2024.pdf.
    \7\ MISO, 2024 Regional Resource Assessment (Jan. 2025), https://wdeawebsite.blob.core.windows.net/usrfiles/documents/miso%202024%20regional%20resource%20assessment.pdf.
    \8\ Id. at 6-9. The RRA is one of several periodic studies MISO 
conducts to forecast how the mix of electricity-generating resources 
in the MISO region could evolve going forward. In other studies, 
MISO has modeled potential future scenarios where thermal resources 
have a decreased role in providing accredited capacity. See, e.g., 
MISO, Futures Report Series 1A 75, 92 (Nov. 2023), 
Series1A_Futures_Report630735.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Questions that panelists could be asked:
    1. What is the state of resource adequacy in MISO in the near term 
(e.g., over the next five years) and over the longer term (e.g., ten 
years and beyond)?
    a. Is MISO's resource adequacy construct delivering resource 
adequacy in MISO?
    b. What are the benefits and drawbacks to MISO's resource adequacy 
construct and residual capacity auction?
    2. How have the recent outcomes of MISO's capacity auctions 
affected market participants and consumers in MISO? Do states and 
stakeholders have confidence that the MISO capacity market will be 
effective to achieve resource adequacy at just and reasonable rates?
    3. How have the seasonal resource adequacy requirements and revised 
capacity accreditation methods worked in MISO to date? Have they helped 
MISO more accurately determine its resource adequacy needs? What issues 
or challenges has MISO experienced in implementing a seasonal construct 
and revising capacity accreditation, and how does MISO plan to address 
those issues or challenges?
    4. How does MISO establish its load and resource forecasts?
    a. How does MISO integrate the load forecasts provided by load-
serving entities and electric distribution companies into their 
planning reserve margin requirements? Does MISO verify the forecast 
methodologies and accuracy of forecasts?

[[Page 24135]]

    b. Have the assumptions driving load and resource forecasts changed 
over time? If so, how?
    c. How do the forecast models weight different inputs? Are some 
assumptions more uncertain, important, or impactful than others?
    d. How have the forecasts performed historically and are parties 
considering any changes to forecasting models or processes? For 
example, are you considering requiring demonstration of commercial 
readiness from prospective new large load additions?
    5. To what extent are barriers to entry (e.g., the interconnection 
queue backlog, supply chain limitations, siting and permitting delays, 
etc.) affecting resource adequacy in the MISO footprint?
    6. To what extent does the availability of regional and 
interregional transmission capability affect resource adequacy planning 
in MISO? How can MISO better address the effect of transmission 
capability on resource adequacy?
    7. Would an alternative resource adequacy construct used by another 
RTO/ISO be more effective at delivering resource adequacy in MISO? If 
so, why? Are there alternatives to the current residual market 
construct that should be considered?
    8. What should be the allocation of roles and responsibilities 
between MISO and the states to ensure resource adequacy in the MISO 
region? How does MISO work with the states to identify and meet the 
region's resource adequacy needs at just and reasonable rates? Has MISO 
studied the effects of state public policy on either resource adequacy 
or capacity market outcomes?
Panelists
 Todd Ramey, MISO, Senior Vice President of Markets and Digital 
Strategy
 David Patton, Potomac Economics, President and MISO 
Independent Market Monitor
 Laura Beauchamp, Entergy Louisiana, LLC, Vice President of 
Business Operations and Strategy
 Andrew Meyer, Ameren Missouri, Sr. Director of Energy 
Management & Trading
 Steven Lieberman, American Municipal Power Inc., Vice 
President of Transmission & Regulatory Affairs
 Todd Snitchler, Electric Power Supply Association, President 
and CEO
 Kelli Joseph, World Resources Institute, Senior Fellow
10:45 a.m.-11:00 a.m.: 15-Minute Break
11:00 a.m.-12:15 p.m.: Panel 6: MISO's Path Forward and the Future of 
Resource Adequacy in MISO
    This panel discussion among the Commission, state representatives, 
and others will focus on the state of resource adequacy, and the role 
of states in achieving resource adequacy, in MISO. The Commission will 
explore approaches to address MISO's resource adequacy challenges, and 
the benefits of and improvements to its resource adequacy construct, to 
ensure MISO and states achieve resource adequacy.
    Questions that panelists could be asked:
    1. How do MISO and state resource adequacy processes interact? Do 
states in MISO have appropriate opportunities to participate in 
decisions regarding resource adequacy? Are there different or greater 
responsibilities that states should assume to ensure resource adequacy?
    2. Do you believe consumers are treated fairly in the MISO capacity 
market process? If so, why? If not, why not?
    3. Are changes necessary to ensure that the MISO capacity market 
process delivers resource adequacy at just and reasonable rates?
    4. Are there aspects of MISO's resource adequacy construct that may 
result in inefficient price signals or create unnecessary resource 
adequacy risks?
    5. Could MISO ensure resource adequacy at a lower cost to consumers 
through modifications to its existing resource adequacy construct? If 
so, what are the modifications and what are the challenges or downsides 
to implementing them?
    6. Should MISO's capacity market model be replaced?
    a. If MISO's capacity market model should be replaced, what should 
replace it? Could an alternative resource adequacy program, like in SPP 
and CAISO, or a more expansive capacity market construct, like in PJM, 
NYISO, and ISO-NE, achieve resource adequacy at a lower cost than 
MISO's resource adequacy construct? Would these alternative approaches 
provide load-serving entities, states, and consumer advocates with the 
necessary information to monitor their costs for capacity?
    b. What are the potential tradeoffs and challenges of switching to 
a different resource adequacy construct? What timeline would be needed 
to determine or vet a replacement and implement it?
Panelists
 Commissioner Marcus Hawkins, Wisconsin Public Service 
Commission, Chair of the Organization of MISO States (OMS) Resource 
Adequacy Committee
 Chairman Doug Scott, Illinois Commerce Commission
 Chairman James Huston, Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission
 Commissioner Eric Skrmetta, Louisiana Public Service 
Commission
 Carrie Zalewski, American Clean Power Association, Vice 
President of Transmission and Electricity Markets
 Jennifer C. Easler, Iowa Department of Justice Office of 
Consumer Advocate, Attorney
12:15 p.m.-1:15 p.m.: Lunch Break
1:15 p.m.-2:30 p.m.: Panel 7: The Resource Adequacy Challenge in the 
Northeast RTOs/ISOs
    This panel discussion between the Commission, NYISO, ISO-NE, and 
relevant stakeholders will focus on resource adequacy challenges 
specific to NYISO and ISO-NE.
    NYISO projects declining statewide resource margins and for the 
system to approach a loss of load expectation of 1 day in 10 years by 
2034.\9\ NYISO's resource adequacy forecast is heavily affected by the 
assumption that approximately 6,400 MW of non-firm, gas-only generation 
will not be available to serve loads during winter peak demand 
periods.\10\ NYISO explains that decreasing, and even negative, 
statewide system margins are a leading indicator of the system's 
inability to reliably serve demand under normal operations while fully 
maintaining operating reserves.\11\ NYISO also notes that the 
development and commercialization of dispatchable emission-free 
resources capable of providing sustained on-demand power and system 
stability will be essential to achieving policy objectives while 
maintaining a reliable electric grid.\12\
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    \9\ NYISO, 2024 Reliability Needs Assessment 9 (Nov. 19, 2024), 
nyiso.com/documents/20142/2248793/2024-RNA-Report.pdf/.
    \10\ Id.
    \11\ Id. at 10.
    \12\ NYISO, NYISO's 2024 Comprehensive Area Review of Resource 
Adequacy 37-38 (Dec. 3, 2024), https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/67229043316834b1a60feba3/678584c131bec5c726bae51b_2024%20New%20York%20Comprehensive%20Area%20Review%20of%20Resource%20Adequacy%20PV.pdf.
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    ISO-NE, in comparison, states that it has procured or will procure 
the requisite resources needed to adequately meet resource adequacy for 
each year of the 2024-2028 study horizon.\13\ ISO-NE

[[Page 24136]]

predicts growing peak load through 2032 and identifies potential risks 
to bulk power system reliability, but expects bulk power system 
reliability and economic performance to improve over the next decade 
because of planned transmission upgrades, an improved interconnection 
process, development of renewable resources with energy storage, 
imports from neighboring regions, fast-start and flexible ramping 
resources, and energy efficiency/conservation measures.\14\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \13\ ISO-NE, 2023 New England Comprehensive Area Review of 
Resource Adequacy 8-10 (Dec. 5, 2023), https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/67229043316834b1a60feba3/67229043316834b1a61003df_2023-new-england-comprehensive-review-of-resource-adequacy.pdf.
    \14\ Id. at 10.
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    Questions that panelists could be asked:
    1. What is the state of resource adequacy in NYISO and ISO-NE in 
the near term (e.g., over the next five years) and over the longer term 
(e.g., ten years and beyond)?
    a. What factors present the greatest uncertainty when projecting 
future resource adequacy challenges?
    b. Are the capacity market constructs delivering resource adequacy 
in these RTOs/ISOs? Why or why not?
    2. To what extent do uncertainties external to NYISO and ISO-NE--
such as natural gas supplies or infrastructure constraints, supply 
chain limitations, and siting and permitting delays--affect resource 
adequacy planning in the Northeast? How can NYISO and ISO-NE better 
address those uncertainties?
    3. How do NYISO and ISO-NE consider electric-gas coordination 
issues in the context of resource adequacy planning and capacity 
resource accreditation?
    4. How will state public policy requirements change the resource 
mix and expected seasonal or hourly demand patterns? Do state public 
policy requirements create challenges for your regions in achieving 
resource adequacy at just and reasonable rates?
    5. How might your capacity markets be improved to meet the 
challenge of resource adequacy?
    6. Would an alternative resource adequacy construct used by another 
RTO/ISO be more effective at delivering resource adequacy in your 
regions? If so, why?
    7. How do NYISO and ISO-NE work with their states to identify and 
meet the region's resource adequacy needs and to ensure adequate 
resources are procured at just and reasonable rates? How do NYISO and 
ISO-NE work with their states when pursuing capacity market reforms to 
meet the resource adequacy challenge at the lowest possible cost to 
consumers? What distinct challenges must be overcome in a multi-state 
RTO/ISO (ISO-NE) region relative to a single state ISO region (NYISO)?
Panelists
 Emilie Nelson, NYISO, Executive Vice President and Chief 
Operating Officer
 Stephen George, ISO-NE, Vice President of System Operations 
and Market Administration
 Adam Evans, New York State Department of Public Service, Chief 
of Wholesale and Clean Energy Markets
 Chairman Philip L. Bartlett II, Maine Public Utilities 
Commission
 Commissioner Katie S. Dykes, Connecticut Department of Energy 
and Environmental Protection
 Michelle Gardner, NextEra Energy Resources, Executive Director 
Northeast Region
 Sarah Bresolin Silver, New England Power Pool, Chair
 Pallas LeeVanSchaick, Potomac Economics, Vice President; ISO-
NE External Market Monitor; NYISO Market Monitoring Unit
2:30 p.m.-2:45 p.m.: 15-Minute Break
2:45 p.m.-4:00 p.m.: Panel 8: RTOs/ISOs Without Capacity Markets
    This panel discussion between the Commission, SPP, CAISO, and 
relevant stakeholders will focus on resource adequacy programs in SPP 
and CAISO and how they compare to capacity markets in the other RTOs/
ISOs.
    In SPP, where each Load Responsible Entity must maintain adequate 
capacity to meet its Resource Adequacy Requirement, SPP expects no 
excess capacity to be available in summer 2027, and the planned reserve 
margin to decline from 20% in summer 2024 to just 5% in summer 2029--a 
5,950 MW deficiency.\15\ Over that period, SPP projects resource 
retirements to outstrip new resource additions by a rate of roughly 
two-to-one while net peak demand grows by roughly 2% annually.\16\ Most 
projected retirements are coal and natural gas resources.\17\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \15\ SPP, 2024 SPP Resource Adequacy Report 4-5 (June 14, 2024), 
2024 spp june resource adequacy report.pdf.
    \16\ Id. at 6 & Table 1.
    \17\ Id.
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    In California, the Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) oversees a 
resource adequacy construct to ensure jurisdictional load-serving 
entities meet those requirements. The CPUC sets system-wide resource 
adequacy requirements while CAISO sets local and flexible resource 
adequacy requirements. In recent years, CAISO and the CPUC have 
implemented regulatory and CAISO market changes to ensure that external 
capacity resources procured to meet resource adequacy requirements are 
delivered during peak net load hours.\18\
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    \18\ CAISO Department of Market Monitoring, 2023 Annual Report 
on Market Issues & Performance 31-32 (July 29, 2024), 2023-annual-
report-on-market-issues-and-performance.pdf.
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    Questions that panelists could be asked:
    1. What is the state of resource adequacy in SPP and CAISO in the 
near term (e.g., over the next five years) and over the longer term 
(e.g., ten years and beyond)? What factors present the greatest 
uncertainty when projecting future resource adequacy challenges?
    2. Given load growth and generation entry and retirement forecasts, 
what resource adequacy challenges does SPP's resource adequacy 
construct face going forward? How does SPP's resource adequacy 
construct perform compared to RTO/ISO-administered capacity markets?
    3. Given load growth and generation entry and retirement forecasts, 
what resource adequacy challenges does the CPUC's Resource Adequacy 
program face going forward? How does California's Resource Adequacy 
program perform compared to RTO/ISO-administered capacity markets?
    4. How do the resource adequacy constructs employed by your RTO/ISO 
ensure the availability of resources for resource adequacy, and can 
they adapt to increased load growth? How does this compare to 
attempting to meet these challenges through operation of an RTO/ISO-
administered capacity market?
    5. How do SPP and CAISO work with states to identify and meet the 
region's resource adequacy needs and to ensure adequate resources are 
procured at just and reasonable rates? How do SPP and CAISO work with 
their states when pursuing resource adequacy reforms to meet the 
resource adequacy challenge at the lowest possible cost to consumers? 
What distinct challenges must be overcome in a multi-state RTO/ISO 
(SPP) region relative to a single state ISO region (CAISO)?
Panelists
     Casey Cathey, SPP, Vice President of Engineering
     Neil Millar, CAISO, Vice President of Transmission 
Planning and Infrastructure Development
     Chair Patrick O'Connell, New Mexico Public Regulation 
Commission
     Molly Sterkel, California Public Utilities Commission, 
Director of Electric Supply, Planning and Costs in the Energy Division

[[Page 24137]]

     Stacey Burbure, American Electric Power, Senior Vice 
President of Transmission Business Development and Joint Ventures
     Gillian Clegg, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Vice 
President of Energy Policy and Procurement
     Travis Kavulla, NRG, Vice President of Regulatory Affairs
4:00 p.m.-4:15 p.m.: Closing Remarks
[FR Doc. 2025-10353 Filed 6-5-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6717-01-P