[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 108 (Friday, June 6, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 24095-24097]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-10351]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

International Trade Administration

[C-570-173]


Vanillin From the People's Republic of China: Final Affirmative 
Countervailing Duty Determination

AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, 
Department of Commerce.

SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) determines that 
countervailable subsidies are being provided to producers and exporters 
of vanillin from the People's Republic of China (China). This 
investigation covers one mandatory respondent, Jiaxing Guihua Imp. & 
Exp. Co., Ltd. (Guihua), and the period of investigation is January 1, 
2023, through December 31, 2023.

DATES: Applicable June 6, 2025.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Thomas Martin, AD/CVD Operations, 
Office IV, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade 
Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue 
NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-3936.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    On November 18, 2024, Commerce published in the Federal Register 
its Preliminary Determination in the countervailing duty (CVD) 
investigation of vanillin from China.\1\ Because Commerce aligned the 
deadline for this final determination with the deadline for the final 
determination in the less-than-fair-value investigation of vanillin 
from China, the deadline for the final determination is now June 2, 
2025.\2\
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    \1\ See Vanillin from the People's Republic of China: 
Preliminary Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination and 
Alignment of Final Determination with Final Antidumping Duty 
Determination, 89 FR 90671 (November 18, 2024) (Preliminary 
Determination), and accompanying Preliminary Decision Memorandum, as 
corrected in Vanillin from the People's Republic of China: 
Preliminary Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination and 
Alignment of Final Determination with Final Antidumping Duty 
Determination; Correction, 90 FR 8267 (January 28, 2025).
    \2\ See Preliminary Determination, 89 FR at 90672; see also 
Vanillin from the People's Republic of China: Postponement of 
Preliminary Determination in the Countervailing Duty Investigation, 
89 FR 65845 (August 13, 2024).
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    For a complete description of the events that occurred since the 
Preliminary Determination, see the Issues and Decision Memorandum.\3\ 
The

[[Page 24096]]

Issues and Decision Memorandum is a public document that is on file 
electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping and 
Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). 
ACCESS is available to registered users at https://access.trade.gov. In 
addition, a complete version of the Issues and Decision Memorandum can 
be accessed directly at https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx.
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    \3\ See Memorandum, ``Issues and Decisions Memorandum for the 
Final Affirmative Determination in the Countervailing Duty 
Investigation of Vanillin from the People's Republic of China,'' 
dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this notice (Issues 
and Decision Memorandum).
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Scope of the Investigation

    The product covered by this investigation is vanillin from China. 
For a complete description of the scope of the investigation, see 
Appendix I.

Scope Comments

    We received no comments from interested parties on the scope of the 
investigation as it appeared in the Preliminary Determination.\4\ 
Therefore, we made no changes to the scope of the investigation from 
that published in the Preliminary Determination for the final 
determination.
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    \4\ See Preliminary Determination, 89 FR at 59055 and Appendix 
I.
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Verification

    As provided in section 782(i) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended 
(the Act), in December 2024, Commerce verified the information reported 
by Guihua using its standard verification procedures, including an 
examination of relevant documents provided at verification.

Analysis of Subsidy Programs and Comments Received

    We have discussed the subsidy programs under investigation, and 
addressed the issues raised in interested parties' case and rebuttal 
briefs, in the Issues and Decision Memorandum. For a list of the issues 
addressed in the Issues and Decision Memorandum, see Appendix II.

Methodology

    Commerce conducted this investigation in accordance with section 
701 of the Act. For each of the subsidy programs that Commerce found 
countervailable, it determined that the program provided a subsidy, 
i.e., determined there is a financial contribution by an ``authority,'' 
the financial contribution provided a benefit to the recipient, and the 
subsidy is specific.\5\ For a full description of the methodology 
underlying this final determination, see the Issues and Decision 
Memorandum.
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    \5\ See sections 771(5)(B) and (D) of the Act regarding 
financial contribution; section 771(5)(E) of the Act regarding 
benefit; and section 771(5A) of the Act regarding specificity.
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Changes Since the Preliminary Determination

    Based on our review of the information on the record and comments 
received from interested parties, we modified our calculations of the 
benchmarks used for the Provision of Caustic Soda for less than 
adequate remuneration (LTAR), Provision of Sulfuric Acid for LTAR, and 
Provision of Hydrogen Peroxide for LTAR programs. For a discussion of 
these changes, see the Issues and Decision Memorandum.

All-Others Rate

    Section 705(c)(5)(A)(i) of the Act provides that in a final 
determination, Commerce shall determine an estimated all-others rate 
for companies not individually examined that is equal to the weighted 
average of the estimated subsidy rates established for those companies 
individually examined, excluding any rates that are zero, de minimis, 
or based entirely under section 776 of the Act. Because we individually 
examined only one company in this investigation, Guihua, and its 
subsidy rate is not zero, de minimis, or based entirely on facts 
otherwise available, we assigned Guihua's subsidy rate to all other 
producers and exporters of vanillin in China, pursuant to section 
705(c)(5)(A)(i) of the Act.

Final Determination

    Commerce determines that the following estimated net 
countervailable subsidy rates exist for the period January 1, 2023, 
through December 31, 2023:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           Subsidy rate
                         Company                           (percent  ad
                                                             valorem)
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Jiaxing Guihua Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd.....................           42.10
All Others..............................................           42.10
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Disclosure

    Commerce intends to disclose its calculations and analysis 
performed in this final determination to parties to the proceeding 
within five days of public announcement of the determination or, if 
there is no public announcement, within five days of the date of 
publication of this notice in the Federal Register, in accordance with 
19 CFR 351.244(b).

Continuation of Suspension of Liquidation

    As a result of the Preliminary Determination, and pursuant to 
section 703(d)(1)(B) and (d)(2) of the Act, Commerce instructed U.S. 
Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to collect cash deposits and 
suspend liquidation of entries of subject merchandise as described in 
Appendix I, entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or 
after November 18, 2024, the date of publication of the Preliminary 
Determination in the Federal Register.\6\ In accordance with section 
703(d) of the Act, on March 18, 2025, Commerce instructed CBP to 
discontinue the suspension of liquidation of all entries of subject 
merchandise entered or withdrawn from warehouse, on or after March 18, 
2025, but to continue the suspension of liquidation of all entries of 
subject merchandise on or before March 17, 2025.
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    \6\ See Preliminary Determination.
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    If the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) issues a final 
affirmative injury determination, Commerce will issue a CVD order, 
reinstate the suspension of liquidation under section 706(a) of the 
Act, and require a cash deposit of estimated countervailing duties for 
entries of subject merchandise in the amounts indicated in the table 
above. If the ITC determines that material injury, or threat of 
material injury, does not exist, this proceeding will be terminated, 
and all estimated countervailing duties deposited, or securities posted 
as a result of the suspension of liquidation will be refunded or 
cancelled.

ITC Notification

    In accordance with section 705(d) of the Act, Commerce will notify 
the ITC of its final affirmative determination that countervailable 
subsidies are being provided to producers and exporters of vanillin 
from China. Because Commerce's final determination is affirmative, in 
accordance with section 705(b) of the Act, the ITC will determine, 
within 45 days of this final determination, whether the domestic 
industry in the United States is materially injured, or threatened with 
material injury, by reason of U.S. imports of vanillin from China. 
Commerce is making available to the ITC all non-privileged and non-
proprietary information related to this investigation. Commerce will 
allow the ITC access to all privileged and business proprietary 
information in its files, provided the ITC confirms that it will

[[Page 24097]]

not disclose such information, either publicly or under administrative 
protective order (APO), without the written consent of the Assistant 
Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance.
    If the ITC determines that material injury or threat of material 
injury does not exist, this proceeding will be terminated, and all cash 
deposits will be refunded. If the ITC determines that such injury does 
exist, Commerce will issue a CVD order directing CBP to assess, upon 
further instruction by Commerce, countervailing duties on all imports 
of the subject merchandise that are entered, or withdrawn from 
warehouse, for consumption on or after the effective date of the 
suspension of liquidation, as discussed above in the ``Continuation of 
Suspension of Liquidation'' section.

Administrative Protective Order

    In the event that the ITC issues a final negative injury 
determination, this notice will serve as the only reminder to parties 
subject to an APO of their responsibility concerning the destruction of 
proprietary information disclosed under APO, in accordance with 19 CFR 
351.305(a)(3). Timely written notification of the return/destruction of 
APO materials or conversion to judicial protective order is hereby 
requested. Failure to comply with the regulations and terms of an APO 
is a violation which is subject to sanction.

Notification to Interested Parties

    This determination is issued and published pursuant to sections 
705(d) and 777(i) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.210(c).

    Dated: June 2, 2025.
Christopher Abbott,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the 
non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for 
Enforcement and Compliance.

Appendix I

Scope of the Investigation

    The merchandise covered by the investigation is vanillin, with 
the molecular formula C8H8O3 or 
C9H10O3. For purposes of this 
investigation, vanillin consists of natural vanillin, synthetic 
vanillin, bio-sourced synthetic vanillin (biovanillin) (each also 
known as 4-Hydroxy-3- methoxybenzaldehyde), and ethylvanillin (also 
known as 3-Ethoxy-4- hydroxybenzaldehyde). Vanillin covered by this 
investigation is a chemical compound with the Chemical Abstracts 
Service (CAS) number 121-33-5 or 121-32-4. Vanillin is covered by 
the investigation regardless of whether it is in a crystalline 
powder or crystal form. Vanillin is covered by the scope of the 
investigation, irrespective of purity, particle size, or physical 
form.
    Merchandise subject to the investigation is specified within the 
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) under 
subheading 2912.41.0000 and 2912.42.0000. The HTSUS subheadings and 
CAS registry numbers are provided for convenience and customs 
purposes only. The written description of the merchandise covered by 
the investigation is dispositive.

Appendix II

List of Topics Discussed in the Issues and Decision Memorandum

I. Summary
II. Background
III. Scope of the Investigation
IV. Subsidies Valuation
V. Changes Since the Preliminary Determination
VI. Analysis of the Programs
VII. Discussion of the Issues
    Comment 1: Whether Commerce Used Appropriate Shipping Rates to 
Calculate Benchmarks for Material Inputs
    Comment 2: Whether Commerce Should Countervail the Export 
Buyer's Credit and Export Seller's Credit Programs
    Comment 3: Whether Commerce Inappropriately Applied Adverse 
Facts Available (AFA) in Finding Specificity for the Electricity for 
Less Than Adequate Remuneration (LTAR) Program
    Comment 4: Whether Certain Individually-Owned Input Suppliers 
are Government Authorities
VIII. Recommendation

[FR Doc. 2025-10351 Filed 6-5-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P