[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 103 (Friday, May 30, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 23089-23091]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-09762]


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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. 34-103118; File No. SR-Phlx-2025-08]


Self-Regulatory Organizations; Nasdaq PHLX LLC; Order Instituting 
Proceedings To Determine Whether To Approve or Disapprove Proposed Rule 
Change To List and Trade Nasdaq Bitcoin Index Options

May 23, 2025.

I. Introduction

    Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
(``Act'' or ``Exchange Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ Nasdaq 
PHLX LLC (``Phlx'' or ``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission (``Commission'') a proposed rule change to list and 
trade options on the Nasdaq Bitcoin Index (``Index''). The proposed 
rule change was published for comment in the Federal Register on 
February 24, 2025.\3\ On March 12, 2025, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) 
of the Act,\4\ the Commission designated a longer period within which 
to approve the proposal, disapprove the proposal, or institute 
proceedings to determine whether to disapprove the proposal.\5\ On May 
17,

[[Page 23090]]

2025, the Exchange submitted a comment letter regarding the 
proposal.\6\ The Commission has received no other comments on the 
proposal. This order institutes proceedings pursuant to Section 
19(b)(2)(B) of the Act \7\ to determine whether to approve or 
disapprove the proposal.
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    \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
    \2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
    \3\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 102440 (Feb. 18, 
2025), 90 FR 10545 (``Notice'').
    \4\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
    \5\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 102631 (Mar. 12, 
2025), 90 FR 12588 (Mar. 18, 2025). The Commission designated May 
25, 2025, as the date by which the Commission shall approve or 
disapprove, or institute proceedings to determine whether to approve 
or disapprove, the proposed rule change.
    \6\ See letter from Angela Dunn, Principal Associate General 
Counsel, Phlx, dated March 17, 2025 (``Phlx Letter''), available at 
https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-phlx-2025-08/srphlx202508-581995-1674542.pdf.
    \7\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
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II. Description of the Proposal

    As described in detail in the Notice,\8\ the Exchange proposes to 
amend its rules to provide for the listing and trading of cash-settled, 
European-style options on the Index, which reflects the price of spot 
bitcoin. At expiration, holders of Index options would receive U.S. 
dollars representing the difference between the CME CF Bitcoin 
Reference Rate--New York Variant (``BBRNY'') and the strike price of 
the option contract, multiplied by $100.\9\ The proposal includes rules 
addressing minimum quoting and trading increments, position and 
exercise limits, strike price intervals, expiration months, and the 
closing settlement value for the proposed Index options.\10\ The 
Exchange states that the proposed Index options would provide 
investors, speculators, and multinational corporations with an 
important risk-shifting mechanism and would be used for a wide range of 
activities, including asset valuation, settlement of financial risk, 
risk management, and net asset value calculation.\11\ The Exchange 
further states that the proposed Index options would allow market 
participants to precisely hedge their exposure to bitcoin.\12\ In 
addition, the Exchange states that the proposed Index options ``would 
provide investors with the means to create highly correlated hedges to 
reduce risk and allow market markets [sic] the leverage to offset risk 
and provide additional liquidity in options for bitcoin products.'' 
\13\ The Exchange states that the proposed Index options would allow 
market participants that hold spot bitcoin-based exchange traded 
products (``ETPs'') to hedge or modify their exposure in a single 
regulatory regime.\14\
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    \8\ See supra note 3.
    \9\ See Notice, 90 FR 10555, and proposed Options 4D, Section 
8(a). The Exchange states that BBRNY is a once-a-day benchmark index 
price for bitcoin that aggregates trade data from multiple bitcoin-
USD markets operated by major cryptocurrency platforms. See Notice, 
90 FR 10549.
    \10\ See proposed Options 3, Section 3, Supplementary Material 
.06; Options 4D, Section 5(a); Options 4D, Section 6; Options 4D, 
Section 7; and Options 4D, Section 8.
    \11\ See Phlx Letter at 3 and Notice, 90 FR 10550.
    \12\ See Phlx Letter at 2.
    \13\ See Phlx Letter at 7.
    \14\ See Phlx Letter at 3. The Exchange states that the proposed 
Index options would allow investors in spot bitcoin-based ETPs to 
carry the proposed Index options in the same account subject to the 
same margin regime that applies to the asset through which they take 
long exposure to bitcoin. See id. at footnote 13.
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    The Exchange states that the Commission's 2006 approval of the 
Exchange's proposal to list and trade foreign currency options 
``established precedent to list and trade index options overlying an 
underlying that is not a security.'' \15\ In addition, the Exchange 
states that the proposed Index options are foreign currency options, 
which are securities under Section 3(a)(10) of the Act if they are 
entered into on a national securities exchange.\16\ The Exchange states 
that bitcoin is a foreign currency because bitcoin is legal tender in 
El Salvador.\17\ The Exchange further states that its rules define 
``foreign currency'' to mean ``the standard unit of the official medium 
of exchange of a sovereign government including the United States 
Government. . . .'' \18\ The Exchange also states that courts have 
determined that bitcoin is ``money'' for purposes of different federal 
statutes.\19\
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    \15\ See Notice, 90 FR 10549. See also Securities Exchange Act 
Release No. 54989 (Dec. 21, 2006), 71 FR 78506 (Dec. 29, 2006) (File 
No. SR-Phlx-2006-34) (order approving the listing and trading of 
U.S. dollar-settled foreign currency options on the British pound 
and the euro).
    \16\ 15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(10). See Phlx Letter at 1-2. Section 
3(a)(10) of the Exchange Act states, in part, that a ``security'' 
includes ``any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered 
into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency. 
. . .''
    \17\ See Phlx Letter at 2. The Exchange states that El Salvador 
became the first country to adopt bitcoin as legal tender under a 
law that came into effect on September 7, 2021. See id. at footnote 
9.
    \18\ See Phlx Letter at 2 (citing Options 1, Section 1(b)(23)). 
Options 1, Section 1(b)(23) defines foreign currency to mean ``the 
standard unit of the official medium of exchange of a sovereign 
government including the United States Government (e.g., the British 
pound, the Swiss franc, the Canadian dollar, the Australian dollar, 
the Japanese yen, the Mexican peso, the Brazilian real, the Chinese 
yuan, the Danish krone, the New Zealand dollar, the Norwegian krone, 
the Russian ruble, the South African rand, the South Korean won, the 
Swedish krona, or the United States dollar) or the Euro.''
    \19\ See Phlx Letter at 3.
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III. Proceedings To Determine Whether To Approve or Disapprove File No. 
SR-Phlx-2025-08 and Grounds for Disapproval Under Consideration

    The Commission is instituting proceedings pursuant to Section 
19(b)(2)(B) of the Act \20\ to determine whether the proposal should be 
approved or disapproved. Institution of proceedings is appropriate at 
this time in view of the legal and policy issues raised by the proposed 
rule change, as discussed below. Institution of proceedings does not 
indicate that the Commission has reached any conclusions with respect 
to any of the issues involved. Rather, as described below, the 
Commission seeks and encourages interested persons to provide comments 
on the proposed rule change.
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    \20\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
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    Pursuant to Section 19(b)(2)(B) of the Act,\21\ the Commission is 
providing notice of the grounds for disapproval under consideration. 
The Commission is instituting proceedings to allow for additional 
analysis of the proposal's consistency with Section 6(b)(5) of the 
Act,\22\ which requires, among other things, that the rules of a 
national securities exchange not be designed to regulate by virtue of 
any authority conferred by the Exchange Act matters not related to the 
purposes of the Exchange Act or the administration of the exchange.
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    \21\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
    \22\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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    Under the Commission's Rules of Practice, the ``burden to 
demonstrate that a proposed rule change is consistent with the [Act] 
and the rules and regulations issued thereunder . . . is on the self-
regulatory organization that proposed the rule change.'' \23\ The 
description of a proposed rule change, its purpose and operation, its 
effect, and a legal analysis of its consistency with applicable 
requirements must all be sufficiently detailed and specific to support 
an affirmative Commission finding,\24\ and any failure of a self-
regulatory organization to provide this information may result in the 
Commission not having a sufficient basis to make an affirmative finding 
that a proposed rule change is consistent with the Act and the 
applicable rules and regulations.\25\ The Commission asks that 
commenters address the sufficiency of the Exchange's statements in 
support of the proposal, in addition to any other comments they may 
wish to submit regarding the proposal. In particular, the Commission 
seeks comment on whether the proposal includes sufficient analysis to 
support a conclusion that the proposal is consistent with the 
requirements of Section 6(b)(5) of the Act, including the Exchange's 
statements that the proposed Index options are foreign currency 
options,

[[Page 23091]]

and that bitcoin is a foreign currency because bitcoin is legal tender 
in El Salvador. As noted above, options on foreign currency entered 
into on a national securities exchange are included in the definition 
of security. If bitcoin is not a foreign currency, the Commission seeks 
comment regarding whether the proposed Index options are instead 
commodity options and not securities. The Commodity Futures Trading 
Commission has exclusive jurisdiction with respect to certain 
derivatives, such as commodity options, traded or executed on certain 
markets, boards of trade, or exchanges, and certain transactions under 
section 2(a)(1) of the Commodity Exchange Act.\26\
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    \23\ Rule 700(b)(3), Commission Rules of Practice, 17 CFR 
201.700(b)(3).
    \24\ See id.
    \25\ See id.
    \26\ 7 U.S.C. 2(a)(1).
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IV. Procedure: Request for Written Comments

    The Commission requests that interested persons provide written 
submissions of their data, views, and arguments with respect to the 
issues identified above, as well as any other concerns they may have 
with the proposal. In particular, the Commission invites the written 
views of interested persons concerning whether the proposed rule change 
is consistent with Section 6(b)(5), or any other provision of the Act, 
and the rules and regulations thereunder. Although there do not appear 
to be any issues relevant to approval or disapproval which would be 
facilitated by an oral presentation of data, views, and arguments, the 
Commission will consider, pursuant to Rule 19b-4 under the Act,\27\ any 
request for an opportunity to make an oral presentation.\28\
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    \27\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
    \28\ Section 19(b)(2) of the Act, as amended by the Securities 
Acts Amendments of 1975, Public Law 94-29 (June 4, 1975), grants to 
the Commission flexibility to determine what type of proceeding--
either oral or notice and opportunity for written comments--is 
appropriate for consideration of a particular proposal by a self-
regulatory organization. See Securities Acts Amendments of 1975, 
Senate Comm. on Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs, S. Rep. No. 75, 
94th Cong., 1st Sess. 30 (1975).
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    Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and 
arguments regarding whether the proposed rule change should be approved 
or disapproved by June 20, 2025. Any person who wishes to file a 
rebuttal to any other person's submission must file that rebuttal by 
July 7, 2025.
    Comments may be submitted by any of the following methods:

Electronic Comments

     Use the Commission's internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
     Send an email to [email protected]. Please include 
File No. SR-Phlx-2025-08 on the subject line.

Paper Comments

     Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities 
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.

All submissions should refer to file number SR-Phlx-2025-08. This file 
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help 
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently, 
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on 
the Commission's internet website (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all 
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are 
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to 
the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other 
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the 
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and 
printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, 
Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of 10 
a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for 
inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. Do not 
include personal identifiable information in submissions; you should 
submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. We 
may redact in part or withhold entirely from publication submitted 
material that is obscene or subject to copyright protection. All 
submissions should refer to file number SR-Phlx-2025-08 and should be 
submitted by June 20, 2025. Rebuttal comments should be submitted by 
July 7, 2025.

    For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, 
pursuant to delegated authority.\29\
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    \29\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(57).
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Sherry R. Haywood,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2025-09762 Filed 5-29-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P