[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 94 (Friday, May 16, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 21109-21112]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-08811]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

[Docket No. NHTSA-2025-0021]


Agency Information Collection Activities; Notice and Request for 
Comment; Drivers' Use of Camera-Based Rear Visibility Systems Versus 
Traditional Mirrors

AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 
Department of Transportation (DOT).

ACTION: Notice and request for comments on revision of a currently 
approved collection of information.

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SUMMARY: The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) 
invites public comments about our intention to request approval from 
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for an extension of a 
currently approved information collection. Before a Federal agency can 
collect certain information from the public, it must receive approval 
from OMB. Under procedures established by the Paperwork Reduction Act 
of 1995, before seeking OMB approval, Federal agencies must solicit 
public comment on proposed collections of information, including 
extensions and reinstatement of previously approved collections. This 
document describes a collection of information for which NHTSA intends 
to seek a revision to an OMB-approved collection titled ``Drivers' Use 
of Camera-Based Rear Visibility Systems Versus Traditional Mirrors'' 
identified by OMB Control Number 2127-0756. The collection is currently 
approved through July 31, 2025, and supports research addressing 
safety-related aspects of drivers' use of camera-based rear visibility 
systems designed to replace or supplement vehicle rearview mirrors. 
This collection is necessary to inform next steps on an advance notice 
of proposed rulemaking (ANPRM) NHTSA published in response to two 
petitions requesting revision of FMVSS No. 111 to permit such camera-
based systems as an alternative compliance option for certain current 
requirements specifying rearview mirrors. This revision includes 
changes in respondents and thus a change in burden hours and requests 
an extension to continue data collection.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before July 15, 2025.

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments identified by the docket number in 
the heading of this document or by any of the following methods:

[[Page 21110]]

     Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments on 
the electronic docket site by clicking on ``Help'' or ``FAQ''.
     Fax: 202-493-2251.
     Mail or Hand Delivery: Docket Management, U.S. Department 
of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, West Building, Room W12-
140, Washington, DC 20590, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through 
Friday, except on Federal holidays. To be sure someone is there to help 
you, please call (202) 366-9322 before coming.
    Instructions: Each submission must include the Agency name and the 
Docket number for this Notice. Note that all comments received will be 
posted without change to www.regulations.gov, including any personal 
information provided. Please see the Privacy heading below.
    Privacy Act: Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all 
comments received into any of our dockets by the name of the individual 
submitting the comment (or signing the comment, if submitted on behalf 
of an association, business, labor union, etc.). You may review DOT's 
complete Privacy Act Statement in the Federal Register published on 
April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477-78) or you may visit https://www.dot.gov/privacy.html.
    Docket: For access to the docket to read comments received, go to 
https://www.regulations.gov or the street address listed above. Follow 
the online instructions for accessing the dockets.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Elizabeth Mazzae, Applied Crash 
Avoidance Research Division, Vehicle Research and Test Center, NHTSA, 
10820 State Route 347--Bldg. 60, East Liberty, Ohio 43319; Telephone 
(937) 666-4511; Facsimile: (937) 666-3590; email address: 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 
(44 U.S.C. 3501-3520), before an agency submits a proposed collection 
of information to OMB for approval, it must first publish a document in 
the Federal Register providing a 60-day comment period and otherwise 
consult with members of the public and affected agencies concerning 
each proposed collection of information. The OMB has promulgated 
regulations describing what must be included in such a document. Under 
OMB's regulation (at 5 CFR 1320.8(d)), an agency must ask for public 
comment on the following: (i) Whether the proposed collection of 
information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of 
the agency, including whether the information will have practical 
utility; (ii) the accuracy of the agency's estimate of the burden of 
the proposed collection of information, including the validity of the 
methodology and assumptions used; (iii) how to enhance the quality, 
utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; (iv) how to 
minimize the burden of the collection of information on those who are 
to respond, including the use of appropriate automated, electronic, 
mechanical, or other technological collection techniques or other forms 
of information technology, e.g., permitting electronic submission of 
responses. In compliance with these requirements, NHTSA asks for public 
comments on the following proposed collection of information:
    Title: Drivers' Use of Camera-Based Rear Visibility Systems Versus 
Traditional Mirrors.
    OMB Control Number: 2127-0756.
    Form Numbers: NHTSA forms 1553, 1554, 2044, 1556, 1557, 1558.
    Type of Request: Revision of a currently approved information 
collection.
    Type of Review Requested: Regular.
    Requested Expiration Date of Approval: Three years from date of 
approval.
    Summary of the Collection of Information: This information 
collection is a revision of a currently approved information 
collection, OMB Control Number 2127-0756, ``Drivers' Use of Camera-
Based Rear Visibility Systems Versus Traditional Mirrors.'' NHTSA is 
conducting research as part of a multiyear effort to gather information 
to aid in determining whether camera-based rear visibility systems can 
provide the same level of safety as the rearview mirrors currently 
required under FMVSS No. 111, Rear Visibility. NHTSA published an ANPRM 
(RIN 2127-AM02) responding to two petitions received from vehicle 
manufacturers seeking permission to install camera-based rear 
visibility systems (sometimes referred to as camera monitor systems, 
CMS), instead of outside rearview mirrors, on both light vehicles and 
heavy trucks. In the ANPRM, NHTSA outlined a list of issues and related 
questions ``on which the agency requests additional information to 
adequately evaluate the safety of permitting CMS as an alternative 
compliance option to rearview mirrors.'' \1\ This research will help 
answer important safety questions posed in the ANPRM and inform NHTSA's 
response to the petitions by aiding in determining whether CMS can 
provide at least the same level of safety as the currently required 
mirrors.
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    \1\ 84 FR 54533. Docket No. NHTSA-2018-0021. Federal Motor 
Vehicle Safety Standard No. 111, Rear Visibility; Advance notice of 
proposed rulemaking (ANPRM).
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    The research examines the use of camera-based visibility systems 
versus rearview mirrors for both light vehicles and heavy trucks. 
Research participants are volunteers who are members of the general 
public, who are licensed car and/or commercial truck drivers aged 25 to 
65, and who are healthy and able to drive without assistive devices. 
Research participants experience a vehicle equipped with a production 
or prototype camera-based visibility system and/or an FMVSS No. 111-
compliant rearview mirror system. The research uses stationary, track-
based, and on-road, semi-naturalistic driving experimentation as a 
means of collecting data needed to support the rulemaking effort. 
Experimental data collection includes variables pertaining to driver 
eye glance behavior and driving performance. This collection provides 
flexibility to collect additional information to address critical 
research questions raised during the course of this research that are 
deemed necessary to support rulemaking.
    This is a revision of a currently approved information collection 
(IC) to extend the approval period, adjust the number of respondents 
annually, and revise the burden calculations based on data collection 
completed as of March 14, 2025. The currently approved collection 
permitted 200 respondents annually across multiple complementary 
studies within the research taking place over the original approved 
period. In this extension request, NHTSA is requesting 156 respondents 
annually over the three-year approval period. This notice provides 
changes from the current collection to this revision in the number of 
respondents for some individual ICs, the time for completion of some 
individual ICs, wages, and federal wage rates. Additionally, NHTSA has 
included contractor costs that were unintentionally excluded from the 
original collection.
    Description of the Need for the Information and Proposed Use of the 
Information: The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's 
(NHTSA) mission is to save lives, prevent injuries, and reduce economic 
costs associated with motor vehicle crashes. As new vehicle 
technologies are developed, it is prudent to ensure that they do not 
create any unintended decrease in safety. The safety of passive camera-
based visibility technologies depends on both the performance of the

[[Page 21111]]

systems and on drivers' ability to use the systems effectively and 
comfortably. Information regarding this safety question is needed to 
aid NHTSA's rulemaking activities (RIN 2127-AM02) responding to two 
petitions received from vehicle manufacturers seeking permission to 
install camera-based systems, instead of outside rearview mirrors, as a 
means of meeting certain FMVSS No. 111 rear visibility requirements on 
both light vehicles and heavy trucks. This work seeks to examine and 
compare drivers' eye glance behavior and aspects of driving performance 
with rearview mirrors and camera-based systems intended to replace or 
supplement rearview mirrors.
    The full information collection request includes six information 
collections:
    1. Interest Response Form determines individuals' willingness to 
participate in the study and their initial suitability for study 
participation based primarily on demographics and driving 
qualifications (e.g., annual mileage driven).
    2. Candidate Screening Questions are primarily used to ensure that 
participants meet driving record requirements of the contractor's 
insurance company, are free of recent criminal convictions, meet 
specific minimum health qualifications, and have reasonable 
availability to participate in the study. Health screening questions 
aim to identify candidate participants whose physical and health 
conditions and driving experience may be deemed generally ``average'' 
and to determine if they can understand study documents.
    a. Have no more than 2 points on current driving record.
    b. Have no criminal convictions in the past 3 years, including 
criminal driving offenses.
    c. Have no uncorrected vision or hearing problems.
    d. Are in good general health and able to drive continuously and 
safely for a period of 3 hours without the need for assistive devices.
    e. Self-report that they are able to read, write, speak, and 
understand English.
    f. Are willing to drive to NHTSA's Vehicle Research and Test Center 
and spend up to approximately 4 hours participating in a research 
study.
    3. Experimental Data Collection includes a pre-briefing (consisting 
of a greeting, Participant Informed Consent Form administration, and 
presentation of experimental protocol instructions) and data collection 
via stationary, track-based, and on-road, semi-naturalistic driving 
experimentation. Participants' eye glance behavior and driving and/or 
other performance data are recorded for later analysis that will 
compare these data for rearview mirrors versus CMS.
    4. Post-Drive Questionnaire: Drive with Camera Monitor System 
gathers information about participants' experiences during the 
experimental protocol when using a CMS.
    5. Post-Drive Questionnaire: Drive with Traditional Mirrors gathers 
information about participants' experiences during the experimental 
protocol when using mirrors.
    6. Post-Drive Questionnaire Final Opinions gathers information 
about participants' opinions regarding preference for using CMS or 
mirrors, as well as assessing specific, open-ended opinions regarding 
CMS ease of use and perceived safety.
    Affected Public: Research participants are paid volunteers from the 
Columbus, OH, regional area who are licensed drivers aged 25-65 years 
(inclusive), who drive at least an average number of miles (e.g., 
11,000) annually, are in good health and do not require assistive 
devices to safely operate a vehicle, and can drive continuously for a 
period of up to 3 hours.
    Estimated Number of Respondents: Candidate participant recruitment 
information is collected in an incremental fashion to permit the 
determination of which individuals meet the criteria for research 
participation. All interested candidates (estimate: 792) complete the 
Interest Response Form. A subset of individuals (estimate: 578) are 
then asked to complete Candidate Screening Questions. Those who 
complete the questions and are eligible are contacted for 
participation, with a goal of 156 participants annually.
    Frequency of Collection: Once.
    Number of Responses: 1,994.
    Estimated Total Annual Burden Hours: 835 hours.
    Burden has been adjusted from the currently approved collection 
using the response/eligibility rates for the most recent experiment in 
this research. The table below shows completion numbers and rates for 
different stages of collection for that particular experiment. Notice 
that the last row of the table shows the number of respondents who 
completed the experiment and for which data were usable. Some 
respondents' data were identified as not usable after the conclusion of 
the experiment due to issues such as technical difficulties with the 
data acquisition equipment. As the final, usable, and verified data 
will be the basis on which research conclusions are drawn, this 
collection extension and revision requests an increase in the number of 
respondents in order to complete the research with enough usable data.

                 Table 1--Response/Eligibility Rate Data
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                                                   Response/eligibility
      Information collection         Completed           rate (%)
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Interest Response Form............          275  .......................
Candidate Screening Questionnaire.          200                       73
Experimental Data Collection......           53                       27
Usable Data.......................           24                       45
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    The Interest Response Form is the initial information collection 
for an experiment and is a response to the solicitation for candidate 
research participants. Interested individuals respond to a study 
recruitment advertisement by completing this Interest Response Form. 
This is a one-time electronic collection for each experiment and is 
estimated to take approximately 5 minutes to complete. Using the most 
recent experiment associated with this IC and calculating response 
rates, NHTSA requests approval for 792 respondents annually for this 
collection.
    The Interest Response Form submissions are reviewed manually by 
research staff to select eligible participants. Individuals whose 
responses meet participation requirements (recent eligibility rate was 
calculated to be 73%) are selected to complete the Candidate Screening

[[Page 21112]]

Questions. Candidate participants are emailed a link to the 
electronically presented question set hosted on a secure website. NHTSA 
estimates that 578 individuals will receive the Candidate Screening 
Questions. This information is collected once for each experiment and 
takes approximately 7 minutes to complete.
    Upon review and determination that the candidate is eligible, that 
candidate is contacted by email or phone to schedule their 
participation. Individuals scheduled for study participation are asked 
to appear at NHTSA's Vehicle Research and Test Center in East Liberty, 
OH, for the Experimental Data Collection. The Experimental Data 
Collection includes a pre-briefing and data collection during execution 
of the study protocol. The pre-briefing consists of a greeting, 
Participant Informed Consent Form administration, and presentation of 
experimental protocol instructions. The Participant Informed Consent 
Form is administered via both pre-recorded audio and a printed hard 
copy. After presentation of the consent form, the participant is given 
the opportunity to ask questions and then asked to sign an electronic 
version of the consent form on a computer. Following consent, the 
participant receives instructions on the experimental protocol. For 
Experimental Data Collection, the participant is shown the vehicle, 
seated in the driver seat, and equipment calibration is performed. Data 
collection per the study protocol is then conducted through stationary, 
track-based, or on-road, semi-naturalistic driving experimentation. 
Data are recorded to document driver eye glance behavior and driving or 
other protocol-related performance. This Experimental Data Collection 
is conducted once per study and is estimated to take approximately 245 
minutes. This estimate includes scheduling, instruction, and the drive. 
From the data collected thus far, 245 minutes is an appropriate maximum 
time. Using the recent response rate of 27 percent, NHTSA estimates 156 
respondents annually will participate in the Experimental Data 
Collection.
    Respondents complete the Post-drive Questionnaire: Drive with 
Camera Monitor System and/or the Post-drive Questionnaire: Drive with 
Traditional Mirrors depending on which system or systems are used in 
the respective experiment. While some respondents may only complete one 
of these questionnaires based on the study design, NHTSA has included 
both questionnaires for each participant in the burden calculation to 
develop a maximum burden estimate. This electronic collection is 
estimated to take 10 minutes per questionnaire. As the same number of 
respondents that participate in the Experimental Data Collection will 
complete these questionnaires, NHTSA estimates 156 respondents will 
complete each of these annually.
    Each respondent completes the Post-Drive Questionnaire: Final 
Opinions. This electronic collection will be administered once to each 
participant and is estimated to take 5 minutes to complete. All 156 
respondents are expected to complete this questionnaire.
    Table 2 shows the annual burden hours for the research.

                                Table 2--Annual Burden Hours and Opportunity Cost
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                                                                                                      Annual
                                                  Annual     Frequency of    Annual     Time per     estimated
            Information collection               number of     response     responses   response   burden hours
                                                respondents                              (min)       (rounded)
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Interest Response Form.......................           792             1         792          5              66
Candidate Screening Questions................           578             1         578          7              67
Experimental Data Collection.................           156             1         156        245             637
Post-drive Questionnaire: Drive with Camera             156             1         156         10              26
 Monitor System..............................
Post-drive Questionnaire: Drive with                    156             1         156         10              26
 Traditional Mirrors.........................
Post-drive Questionnaire: Final Opinions.....           156             1         156          5              13
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    Total....................................  ............  ............  ..........  .........             835
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    The change reflected in this revision is a reduction in annual 
burden from 890 hours per year to 835 hours per year.
    Estimated Total Annual Burden Cost: $0.
    There are no additional costs to respondents beyond the time spent 
participating in the study, completing the questionnaires, and travel 
costs for the visit to the study site. Respondents for the Interest 
Response Form and the Candidate Screening Questions use their own 
electronic device to complete the questionnaires. They are not 
responsible for purchasing additional equipment nor software for this 
completion. Any email messages or phone calls made for the purposes of 
scheduling their participation are handled through personal devices as 
well.
    Public Comments Invited: You are invited to comment on any aspect 
of this information collection, including (a) whether the proposed 
collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of 
the functions of the Department, including whether the information will 
have practical utility; (b) the accuracy of the Department's estimate 
of the burden of the proposed information collection; (c) ways to 
enhance the quality, utility and clarity of the information to be 
collected; and (d) ways to minimize the burden of the collection of 
information on respondents, including the use of automated collection 
techniques or other forms of information technology.
    Authority: The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995; 44 U.S.C. chapter 
35, as amended; and 49 CFR 1.95.

    Issued in Washington, DC.
Cem Hatipoglu,
Associate Administrator, Office of Vehicle Safety Research.
[FR Doc. 2025-08811 Filed 5-15-25; 8:45 am]
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