[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 89 (Friday, May 9, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 19668-19670]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-08210]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

International Trade Administration

[A-570-045, C-570-046]


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-Diphosphonic Acid From the People's 
Republic of China: Preliminary Affirmative Determination of 
Circumvention

AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, 
Department of Commerce.

SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) preliminarily 
determines that imports of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, 
also referred to as hydroxyethylidenendiphosphonic acid, 
hydroxyethanediphosphonic acid, acetodiphosphonic acid, and etidronic 
acid, in solid or powder form (acidic solid HEDP) from the People's 
Republic of China (China) are circumventing the antidumping duty (AD) 
and countervailing duty (CVD) orders on 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-
diphosphonic acid (HEDP) from China. Interested parties are invited to 
comment on this preliminary determination.

DATES: Applicable May 9, 2025.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Charles Vannatta, Enforcement and 
Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of 
Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: 
(202) 482-4036.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    On May 18, 2017, Commerce published in the Federal Register the AD 
and CVD orders on HEDP from China.\1\ On November 13, 2024, Compass 
Chemical International LLC (Compass) requested that Commerce initiate a 
circumvention inquiry with regard to acidic solid HEDP that is exported 
to the United States from China.\2\ In its Circumvention Request,

[[Page 19669]]

Compass alleged that acidic solid HEDP constitutes merchandise altered 
in form or appearance in such minor respects that it should be included 
within the scope of the Orders, pursuant to section 781(c) of the 
Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act), and 19 CFR 351.226(j).\3\ 
Compass requested that Commerce conduct this circumvention inquiry on a 
country-wide basis.\4\
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    \1\ See 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-Diphosphonic Acid from the 
People's Republic of China: Amended Final Determination of Sales at 
Less Than Fair Value, and Antidumping Duty Order, 82 FR 22807 (May 
18, 2017); see also 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-Diphosphonic Acid from 
the People's Republic of China: Countervailing Duty Order, 82 FR 
22809 (May 18, 2017) (collectively, Orders).
    \2\ See Compass' Letter, ``Request for an Anticircumvention 
Inquiry Pursuant to 19 U.S.C. 1677j(c); Response to Supplemental 
Questionnaire,'' dated November 13, 2024 (Circumvention Request).
    \3\ Id.
    \4\ Id. at Attachment A at 30.
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    On December 19, 2024, Commerce published in the Federal Register a 
notice of initiation of this circumvention inquiry.\5\ In the 
Initiation Notice, Commerce initiated the circumvention inquiry on the 
basis of the minor alterations allegation, pursuant to section 781(c) 
of the Act and 19 CFR 351.226(j).\6\ Commerce initiated this inquiry on 
a country-wide basis.\7\ For a complete description of events that 
followed the initiation of this inquiry, see the Preliminary Decision 
Memorandum.\8\
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    \5\ See 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-Diphosphonic Acid From the 
People's Republic of China: Initiation of Circumvention Inquiry of 
the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders, 89 FR 103779 
(December 19, 2024) (Initiation Notice), and accompanying Initiation 
Checklist.
    \6\ Id.
    \7\ Id.
    \8\ See Memorandum, ``Circumvention Inquiry of the Antidumping 
Duty and Countervailing Duty Orders on 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-
Diphosphonic Acid from the People's Republic of China: Preliminary 
Decision Memorandum,'' dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted 
by, this notice (Preliminary Decision Memorandum).
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Scope of the Orders

    The merchandise covered by the Orders includes all grades of 
aqueous acidic (non-neutralized) concentrations of acidic HEDP from 
China. For a complete description of the scope of the Orders, see the 
Preliminary Decision Memorandum.

Merchandise Subject to the Circumvention Inquiry

    This circumvention inquiry covers acidic solid HEDP produced in 
China and exported to the United States. A complete description of the 
merchandise subject to the circumvention inquiry is contained in the 
Preliminary Decision Memorandum.

Methodology

    Commerce is conducting this circumvention inquiry pursuant to 
section 781(c) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.226(j). For a complete 
description of the methodology underlying the preliminary 
determination, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. A list of 
topics discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum is attached as 
an appendix to this notice. The Preliminary Decision Memorandum is a 
public document and is on file electronically via Enforcement and 
Compliance's Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic 
Service System (ACCESS). ACCESS is available to registered users at 
https://access.trade.gov. In addition, a complete version of the 
Preliminary Decision Memorandum can be accessed directly at https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx.

Preliminary Affirmative Determination of Circumvention

    As detailed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum, we 
preliminarily determine that acidic solid HEDP is being produced in 
China and exported to the United States, and that the sale of acidic 
solid HEDP in the United States is circumventing the Orders. Further, 
we preliminarily determine that acidic solid HEDP constitutes 
merchandise altered in form or appearance in such minor respects that 
it should be included within the scope of the Orders, pursuant to 
section 781(c) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.226(j). We make this 
determination on a country-wide basis. As a result, we preliminarily 
determine that it is appropriate to include this merchandise within the 
Orders, and to instruct U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to 
suspend liquidation of entries of acidic solid HEDP produced in China 
and exported to the United States, and to require cash deposits of 
estimated antidumping and countervailing duties.

Use of Adverse Facts Available (AFA)

    Pursuant to section 776(a) of the Act, if necessary information is 
not available on the record, or an interested party withholds requested 
information, fails to provide requested information by the deadline or 
in the form and manner requested, or significantly impedes a 
proceeding, Commerce shall use the facts otherwise available in 
reaching the applicable determination. Moreover, pursuant to section 
776(b) of the Act, Commerce may use inferences adverse to the interests 
of an interested party in selecting from among the facts otherwise 
available if the party fails to cooperate by not acting to the best of 
its ability to provide requested information.
    Commerce requested quantity and value (Q&V) information from twelve 
companies: Dalian Sinobio Chemistry Co., Ltd. (Dalian Sinobio), Henan 
Qingshuiyuan Technology Co, Ltd. (Henan Qingshuiyuan), Jiangsu Yao's 
Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. (Jiangsu Yao), Jiyuan 
Qingyuan Water Treatment Co. (Jiyuan Qingyuan), Juancheng Kangtai, KCC 
Industrial Enterprise Limited (KCC Industrial), Nantong Uniphos 
Chemicals Co., Ltd. (Nantong Uniphos), Plastix Company Ltd. (Plastix), 
Shandong Dongyue Chemical (Shandong Dongyue), Shandong Green 
Technologies Import Export Co., Ltd. (Green Technologies), Shandong 
Taihe Chemicals Co., Ltd. (Taihe Chemicals), and Shandong Taihe Water 
Treatment Technologies Co., Ltd (Taihe Water Treatment).\9\ In the Q&V 
Questionnaire,\10\ Commerce explained that failure to respond may 
result in the determination that the company failed to cooperate by not 
acting to the best of its ability to comply with the request for 
information, and Commerce may use an inference that is adverse to the 
company's interests in selecting from the facts otherwise available, in 
accordance with section 776(b) of the Act.\11\ Commerce received a 
timely response to the Q&V Questionnaire from Plastix, which explained 
that it was a Taiwanese, third-country exporter of acidic solid HEDP, 
but did not produce or export acidic solid HEDP from China.\12\ Dalian 
Sinobio, Henan Qingshuiyuan, Jiangsu Yao, Jiyuan Qingyuan, Juancheng 
Kangtai, KCC Industrial, Nantong Uniphos, Shandong Dongyue, Green 
Technologies, Taihe Chemicals, and Taihe Water Treatment (collectively, 
the Eleven Non-Responsive Companies) failed to respond to Commerce's 
Q&V Questionnaire.
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    \9\ See Commerce's Letter, ``Quantity and Value Questionnaire 
for Chinese Producers, Exporters, or U.S. Importers,'' dated January 
21, 2025 (Q&V Questionnaire); see also Memorandum, ``Issuance of 
Quantity and Value Questionnaire,'' dated January 22, 2025.
    \10\ See Q&V Questionnaire.
    \11\ See Q&V Questionnaire at 2.
    \12\ See Plastix's Letter, ``Q&V Response,'' dated February 11, 
2025.
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    Therefore, we preliminarily find that the Eleven Non-Responsive 
Companies withheld requested information, failed to provide requested 
information by the deadline or in the form and manner requested, and 
significantly impeded this inquiry, within the meaning of sections 
776(a)(1) and (2)(A)-(C) of the Act. Moreover, we find that the Eleven 
Non-Responsive Companies failed to cooperate by not acting to the best 
of their ability to provide the requested information because they did 
not provide a timely response to Commerce's questionnaire. 
Consequently, we used adverse inferences with respect to the Eleven 
Non-Responsive Companies in selecting

[[Page 19670]]

from the facts otherwise available on the record, pursuant to sections 
776(a)(2)(B) and (C) and section 776(b) of the Act. For details 
regarding the AFA applied in this preliminary determination, see the 
Preliminary Decision Memorandum.
    As detailed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum, based on AFA, 
we preliminarily determine that the Eleven Non-Responsive Companies 
have exported inquiry merchandise during the period of inquiry (i.e., 
January 1, 2022, through July 31, 2024) and that sales of such 
merchandise in the United States are circumventing the Orders.

Suspension of Liquidation and Cash Deposit Requirements

    In accordance with 19 CFR 351.226(l)(2), we will direct CBP to 
continue the suspension of liquidation of previously suspended entries 
and to suspend liquidation of all entries of acidic solid HEDP produced 
in China that are entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption 
in the United States on or after December 19, 2024, the date of 
publication of the initiation of this circumvention inquiry in the 
Federal Register.\13\ Commerce also intends to instruct CBP to require 
a cash deposit for estimated antidumping and countervailing duties at 
the applicable rates for each unliquidated entry of acidic solid HEDP.
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    \13\ See Initiation Notice.
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    These suspension of liquidation instructions and cash deposit 
requirements will remain in effect until further notice.

Disclosure

    Normally, Commerce intends to disclose its calculations and 
analysis performed to interested parties in this preliminary 
determination within five days of its public announcement, or if there 
is no public announcement, within five days of the date of this notice 
in accordance with 19 CFR 351.224(b). However, in this inquiry, there 
are no calculations to disclose as this preliminary determination is 
based entirely on facts available. Accordingly, there will be no 
disclosure for this preliminary affirmative determination.

Public Comment and Request for Hearing

    Interested parties may submit affirmative comments to Commerce no 
later than 14 days after the date of publication of this notice in the 
Federal Register.\14\ Rebuttal comments, limited to issues raised in 
the affirmative comments, may be submitted no later than seven days 
after the deadline for affirmative comments.\15\ No new factual 
information will be accepted in the comments or rebuttal comments.
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    \14\ See 19 CFR 351.226(f)(4).
    \15\ Id.
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    In this circumvention inquiry, we request that interested parties 
provide at the beginning of their affirmative and rebuttal comments, a 
public executive summary for each issue raised in their comments.\16\ 
Further, we request that interested parties limit their public 
executive summary of each issue to no more than 450 words, not 
including citations. We intend to use the public executive summaries as 
the basis of the comment summaries included in the issues and decision 
memorandum that will accompany the final determination in this 
circumvention inquiry. We request that interested parties include 
footnotes for relevant citations in the public executive summary of 
each issue. Note that Commerce has amended certain of its requirements 
pertaining to the service of documents in 19 CFR 351.303(f).\17\
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    \16\ We use the term ``issue'' here to describe an argument that 
Commerce would normally address in a comment of the Issues and 
Decision Memorandum.
    \17\ See Administrative Protective Order, Service, and Other 
Procedures in Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings, 88 FR 
67069 (September 29, 2023).
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    Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.310(c), interested parties who wish to 
request a hearing must submit a written request to the Assistant 
Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, U.S. Department of Commerce, 
within 30 days after the date of publication of this notice in the 
Federal Register, filed electronically via ACCESS. Hearing requests 
should contain: (1) the party's name, address, and telephone number; 
(2) the number of participants and whether any participant is a foreign 
national; and (3) a list of the issues to be discussed. Issues raised 
in the hearing will be limited to issues raised in the respective 
comments.\18\ If a request for a hearing is made, Commerce intends to 
hold the hearing at a date and time to be determined and will notify 
the parties through ACCESS.\19\ Parties should confirm the date, time, 
and location of the hearing two days before the scheduled date.
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    \18\ See 19 CFR 351.310.
    \19\ See 19 CFR 351.310(d).
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    All submissions, including affirmative and rebuttal comments, as 
well as hearing requests, should be filed using ACCESS. An 
electronically-filed document must be received successfully in its 
entirety by ACCESS by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the established 
deadline.

Notification to Interested Parties

    Commerce is issuing and publishing this preliminary determination 
in accordance with section 781(c) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.226(g)(1).

    Dated: May 5, 2025.
Abdelali Elouaradia,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance.

Appendix

Topics Discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum

I. Summary
II. Background
III. Scope of the Orders
IV. Merchandise Subject to the Circumvention Inquiry
V. Period of Inquiry
VI. Use of Facts Available and Adverse Inferences
VII. Statutory and Regulatory Framework: Minor Alterations
VIII. Circumvention Analysis
IX. Preliminary Affirmative Determination of Circumvention
X. Country-Wide Determination
XI. Recommendation

[FR Doc. 2025-08210 Filed 5-8-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P