[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 79 (Friday, April 25, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 17373-17376]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-07132]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

International Trade Administration

[C-570-169]


Certain Alkyl Phosphate Esters From the People's Republic of 
China: Final Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination

AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, 
Department of Commerce.

SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) determines that 
countervailable subsidies are being provided to producers and exporters 
of certain alkyl phosphate esters (alkyl phosphate esters) from the 
People's Republic of China (China). The period of investigation (POI) 
is January 1, 2023, through December 31, 2023.

DATES: Applicable April 25, 2025.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Benjamin Nathan or Gregory Taushani, 
AD/CVD Operations, Office II, Enforcement and Compliance, International 
Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution 
Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-3834 or (202) 
482-1012, respectively.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    On October 4, 2024, Commerce published in the Federal Register its 
preliminary determination in the countervailing duty (CVD) 
investigation of alkyl phosphate esters from China and invited 
interested parties to

[[Page 17374]]

comment.\1\ In the Preliminary Determination, and in accordance with 
section 705(a)(1) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act), and 
19 CFR 351.210(b)(4), Commerce aligned the final CVD determination with 
the final determination in the less-than-fair-value investigation of 
alkyl phosphate esters.\2\ On January 3, 2025, Commerce released its 
Post-Preliminary Analysis.\3\
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    \1\ See Certain Alkyl Phosphate Esters from the People's 
Republic of China: Preliminary Affirmative Countervailing Duty 
Determination and Alignment of Final Determination with Final 
Antidumping Duty Determination, 89 FR 80870 (October 1, 2024) 
(Preliminary Determination), and accompanying Preliminary Decision 
Memorandum (PDM).
    \2\ See Preliminary Determination, 89 FR at 80871.
    \3\ See Memorandum, ``Post Preliminary Analysis,'' dated January 
3, 2025 (Post-Preliminary Analysis Memorandum).
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    For a complete description of the events that followed the 
Preliminary Determination, see the Issues and Decision Memorandum.\4\ 
The Issues and Decision Memorandum is a public document and is on file 
electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping and 
Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). 
ACCESS is available to registered users at https://access.trade.gov. In 
addition, a complete version of the Issues and Decision Memorandum can 
be accessed directly at https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx.
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    \4\ See Memorandum, ``Issues and Decision Memorandum for the 
Final Affirmative Determination of the Countervailing Duty 
Investigation of Alkyl Phosphate Esters from the People's Republic 
of China,'' dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this 
notice (Issues and Decision Memorandum).
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Scope of the Investigation

    The products covered by this investigation are alkyl phosphate 
esters from China. For a complete description of the scope of the 
investigation, see Appendix I.

Scope Comments

    We received no comments from interested parties on the scope of the 
investigation as it appeared in the Preliminary Determination. 
Therefore, we made no changes to the scope of the investigation.

Verification

    As provided in section 782(i) of the Act, Commerce conducted 
verification of the subsidy information reported by company respondents 
Anhui RunYue Technology Co., Ltd. (Anhui RunYue) and Zhejiang Wansheng 
Technology Co., Ltd. (Zhejiang Wansheng), and the Government of China's 
questionnaire responses pertaining to the Export Buyer's Credit 
Program.\5\
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    \5\ See Memoranda, ``Verification of the Questionnaire Responses 
of the Government of China,'' dated November 22, 2024; see also 
``Verification of the Questionnaire Responses of Anhui RunYue 
Technology Co., Ltd.,'' dated February 26, 2025; and ``Verification 
of the Questionnaire Responses of Zhejiang Wansheng Co., Ltd.,'' 
dated February 26, 2025.
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Analysis of Subsidy Programs and Comments Received

    The subsidy programs under investigation, and the issues raised in 
the case and rebuttal briefs by parties in this investigation, are 
discussed in the Issues and Decision Memorandum. For a list of the 
issues raised by parties, and to which we responded in the Issues and 
Decision Memorandum, see Appendix II.

Methodology

    Commerce conducted this investigation in accordance with section 
701 of the Act. For each of the subsidy programs found to be 
countervailable, Commerce determines that there is a subsidy, i.e., a 
financial contribution by an ``authority'' that gives rise to a benefit 
to the recipient, and that the subsidy is specific.\6\ For a full 
description of the methodology underlying our final determination, see 
the Issues and Decision Memorandum. In making this final determination, 
Commerce relied, in part, on facts otherwise available, including with 
an adverse inference, pursuant to sections 776(a) and (b) of the Act. 
For a full discussion of our application of adverse facts available 
(AFA), see the Preliminary Determination \7\ and the Issues and 
Decision Memorandum at Comments 2, 6, and 8.
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    \6\ See sections 771(5)(B) and (D) of the Act regarding 
financial contribution; section 771(5)(E) of the Act regarding 
benefit; and section 771(5A) of the Act regarding specificity.
    \7\ See Preliminary Determination PDM at 11-29.
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Changes Since the Preliminary Determination and Post-Preliminary 
Analysis

    Based on our review and analysis of the information received during 
verification and comments received from parties, for this final 
determination, we made certain changes to the countervailable subsidy 
rate calculations for Anhui RunYue, Zhejiang Wansheng, and all other 
producers/exporters. For a discussion of these changes, see the Issues 
and Decision Memorandum.

All-Others Rate

    In accordance with section 705(c)(1)(B)(i) of the Act, we 
calculated an individual estimated countervailable subsidy rate for the 
two mandatory respondents, Anhui RunYue and Zhejiang Wansheng. Section 
705(c)(5)(A)(i) of the Act states that, for companies not individually 
investigated, Commerce will determine an all-others rate equal to the 
weighted-average countervailable subsidy rates established for 
exporters and/or producers individually investigated, excluding any 
zero and de minimis countervailable subsidy rates, and any rates 
determined entirely under section 776 of the Act.
    In this investigation, we continue to calculate individual total 
net countervailable subsidy rates for Anhui RunYue and Zhejiang 
Wansheng that are not zero, de minimis, or based entirely on facts 
otherwise available. We, therefore, continue to calculate the all-
others rate using a weighted average of the individual estimated 
subsidy rates calculated for the examined respondents using each 
company's publicly-ranged sales value for their exports to the United 
States of subject merchandise,\8\ in accordance with section 
705(c)(5)(A)(i) of the Act.
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    \8\ With two respondents under examination, Commerce normally 
calculates: (A) a weighted-average of the estimated subsidy rates 
calculated for the examined respondents; (B) a simple average of the 
estimated subsidy rates calculated for the examined respondents; and 
(C) a weighted-average of the estimated subsidy rates calculated for 
the examined respondents using each company's publicly-ranged U.S. 
sale quantities for the merchandise under consideration. Commerce 
then compares (B) and (C) to (A) and selects the rate closest to (A) 
as the most appropriate rate for all other producers and exporters. 
See, e.g., Ball Bearings and Parts Thereof from France, Germany, 
Italy, Japan, and the United Kingdom: Final Results of Antidumping 
Administrative Reviews, Final Results of Changed-Circumstances 
Review, and Revocation of an Order in Part, 75 FR 53661, 53663 
(September 1, 2010); see also Forged Steel Fluid End Blocks from 
Italy: Preliminary Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination, 
and Alignment of Final Determination with Final Antidumping Duty 
Determination, 85 FR 31460, 31461 (May 26, 2020), unchanged in 
Forged Steel Fluid End Blocks from Italy: Final Affirmative 
Countervailing Duty Determination, 85 80022, 80023 (December 11, 
2020).
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Final Determination

    Commerce determines that the following estimated net 
countervailable subsidy rates exist for the period January 1, 2023, 
through December 31, 2023:

[[Page 17375]]



------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          Subsidy rate
                       Company                            (percent  ad
                                                            valorem)
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Anhui RunYue Technology Co., Ltd.; Yixing RunYue                  117.51
 Enterprise Management Co., Ltd.\9\..................
Zhejiang Wansheng Co., Ltd.\10\......................              81.82
Zhejiang Wanda Tools Group Corp......................           * 491.21
All Others...........................................              91.07
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*Rate is based on facts available with adverse inferences.

Disclosure
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    \9\ As discussed in the Preliminary Determination, we found that 
Anhui RunYue is cross-owned with Yixing RunYue Enterprise Management 
Co., Ltd. For this final determination, Commerce continues to find 
that these companies are cross owned.
    \10\ As discussed in the Preliminary Determination, we found 
that Zhejiang Wansheng is cross-owned with certain companies; 
because the identity of these two companies is business proprietary, 
the calculated subsidy rate applies only to Zhejiang Wansheng.
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    Commerce intends to disclose its calculations performed to 
interested parties in this final determination within five days of its 
public announcement or, if there is no public announcement, within five 
days of the date of the publication of this notice in the Federal 
Register, in accordance with 19 CFR 351.224(b).

Continuation of Suspension of Liquidation

    As a result of our Preliminary Determination, and pursuant to 
sections 703(d)(1)(B) and (d)(2) of the Act, Commerce instructed U.S. 
Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to collect cash deposits and 
suspend liquidation of entries of subject merchandise as described in 
the scope of the investigation section entered, or withdrawn from 
warehouse, for consumption on or after October 4, 2024, the date of 
publication of the Preliminary Determination in the Federal 
Register.\11\ In accordance with section 703(d) of the Act, we 
instructed CBP to discontinue the suspension of liquidation of all 
entries of subject merchandise entered or withdrawn from warehouse, on 
or after February 1, 2025, the final day of provisional measures, but 
to continue the suspension of liquidation of all entries of subject 
merchandise on or before January 31, 2025.
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    \11\ See Preliminary Determination, 89 FR at 80871.
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    If the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) issues a final 
affirmative injury determination, we will issue a countervailing duty 
order, reinstate the suspension of liquidation under section 706(a) of 
the Act, and require a cash deposit of estimated countervailing duties 
for such entries of subject merchandise in the amounts indicated above. 
Pursuant to section 705(c)(2) of the Act, if the ITC determines that 
material injury, or threat of material injury, does not exist, this 
proceeding will be terminated, and all estimated duties deposited or 
securities posted as a result of the suspension of liquidation will be 
refunded or canceled.

ITC Notification

    In accordance with section 705(d) of the Act, Commerce will notify 
the ITC of its final affirmative determination that countervailable 
subsidies are being provided to producers and exporters of alkyl 
phosphate esters from China. As Commerce's final determination is 
affirmative, in accordance with section 705(b) of the Act, the ITC will 
determine, within 45 days, whether the domestic industry in the United 
States is materially injured, or threated with material injury, by 
reason of import of alkyl phosphate esters from China. In addition, we 
are making available to the ITC all non-privileged and non-proprietary 
information in our files, provided the ITC confirms that it will not 
disclose such information, either publicly or under administrative 
protective order (APO), without the written consent of the Assistant 
Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance.
    If the ITC determines that material injury or threat of material 
injury does not exist, this proceeding will be terminated and all cash 
deposits will be refunded. If the ITC determines that such injury does 
exist, Commerce will issue a countervailing duty order directing CBP to 
assess, upon further instruction by Commerce, countervailing duties on 
all imports of the subject merchandise that are entered, or withdrawn, 
for consumption on or after the effective date of the suspension of 
liquidation, as discussed above in the ``Continuation of Suspension of 
Liquidation'' section.

Administrative Protective Order

    This notice will serve as the only reminder to parties subject to 
the APO of their responsibility concerning the destruction of 
proprietary information disclosed under APO, in accordance with 19 CFR 
351.305(a)(3). Timely written notification of the return/destruction of 
APO materials or conversion to judicial protective order is hereby 
requested. Failure to comply with the regulations and terms of an APO 
is a violation which is subject to sanction.

Notification to Interested Parties

    This determination is issued and published pursuant to sections 
705(d) and 777(i) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.210(c).

    Dated: April 18, 2025.
Christopher Abbott,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the 
non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for 
Enforcement and Compliance.

Appendix I

Scope of the Investigation

    The products covered by this investigation are alkyl phosphate 
esters, which are halogenated and non-halogenated phosphorus-based 
esters with a phosphorus content of at least 6.5 percent (per 
weight) and a viscosity between 1 and 2000 mPa.s (at 20-25 [deg]C).
    Merchandise subject to this investigation primarily includes 
Tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP), Tris (1,3-
dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCP), and Triethyl Phosphate (TEP)).
    TCPP is also known as Tris (1-chloro-2- propyl) phosphate, Tris 
(1-chloropropan-2-yl) phosphate, Tris (monochloroisopropyl) 
phosphate (TMCP), and Tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIP). 
TCPP has the chemical formula 
C9H18Cl3O4P and the 
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Nos. 1244733-77-4 and 13674-84-5. 
It may also be identified as CAS No. 6145-73-9.
    TDCP is also known as Tris (1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate, 
Tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate, Chlorinated tris, tris {2- 
chloro-1-(chloromethyl ethyl){time}  phosphate, TDCPP, and TDCIPP. 
TDCP has the chemical formula 
C9H15Cl6O4P and the CAS 
No. 13674-87-8.
    TEP is also known as Phosphoric acid triethyl ester, phosphoric 
ester, flame retardant TEP, Tris(ethyl) phosphate, 
Triethoxyphosphine oxide, and Ethyl phosphate (neutral). TEP has the 
chemical formula (C2H5O)3PO and the 
CAS No. 78-40-0.
    Imported alkyl phosphate esters are not excluded from the scope 
of this investigation even if the imported alkyl phosphate ester 
consists of a single isomer or combination of

[[Page 17376]]

isomers in proportions different from the isomers ordinarily 
provided in the market.
    Also included in this investigation are blends including one or 
more alkyl phosphate esters, with or without other substances, where 
the alkyl phosphate esters account for 20 percent or more of the 
blend by weight.
    Alkyl phosphate esters are classified under subheading 
2919.90.5050, Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States 
(HTSUS). Imports may also be classified under subheadings 
2919.90.5010 and 3824.99.5000, HTSUS. The HTSUS subheadings and CAS 
registry numbers are provided for convenience and customs purposes. 
The written description of the scope is dispositive.

Appendix II

List of Topics Discussed in the Issues and Decision Memorandum

I. Summary
II. Background
III. Use of Facts Otherwise Available and Application of Adverse 
Inferences
IV. Subsidies Valuation
V. Changes Since the Preliminary Determination and Post Preliminary 
Analysis
VI. Analysis of Programs
VII. Discussion of the Issues
    Comment 1: Whether Commerce Should Apply Adverse Facts Available 
(AFA) in Its Analysis of the Export Buyer's Credit Program (EBCP)
    Comment 2: Whether Commerce Should Revise Its Preliminary 
Analysis Regarding the Provision of Phosphorous Oxychloride and 
Propylene Oxide for Less Than Adequate Remuneration (LTAR)
    Comment 3: Whether Commerce Should Continue To Countervail the 
Provision of Electricity for LTAR
    Comment 4: Whether Commerce Should Revise Its Denominators for 
Anhui RunYue
    Comment 5: Whether Zhejiang Wansheng Is Controlled by State-
Owned Enterprises (SOEs)
    Comment 6: Whether to Apply AFA to Zhejiang Wansheng's Pre-AUL 
Sales Figures and All Its Affiliate's Sales Figures
    Comment 7: Whether Commerce Erred in Its Benchmark Calculations 
for the Three Input LTAR Programs
    Comment 8: Whether Commerce Should Apply AFA to Anhui RunYue for 
Land Use
    Comment 9: Whether the Income Tax Deduction for Research and 
Development Expenses Under the Enterprise Income Tax (EIT) Law Is 
Specific
    Comment 10: Whether To Apply AFA to Anhui RunYue's 2022 Sales 
Figures
    Comment 11: Whether To Correct Certain Errors in Anhui RunYue's 
Benefit Calculations
VIII. Recommendation

[FR Doc. 2025-07132 Filed 4-24-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P