[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 77 (Wednesday, April 23, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 17032-17036]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-06934]
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
International Trade Administration
[C-583-880]
Certain Monomers and Oligomers From Taiwan: Initiation of
Countervailing Duty Investigation
AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration,
Department of Commerce.
DATES: Applicable April 16, 2025.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Suresh Maniam, Office I, AD/CVD
Operations, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade
Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue
NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-1603.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
The Petition
On March 27, 2025, the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce)
received a countervailing duty (CVD) petition concerning imports of
certain monomers and oligomers (monomers and oligomers) from Taiwan,
filed in proper form on behalf of Arkema, Inc. (the petitioner), a
domestic producer of monomers and oligomers.\1\ The CVD Petition was
accompanied by antidumping duty (AD) petitions concerning imports of
monomers and oligomers from the Republic of Korea and Taiwan.\2\
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\1\ See Petitioner's Letter, ``Petition for the Imposition of
Antidumping and Countervailing Duties,'' dated March 27, 2025
(Petition).
\2\ Id.
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Between March 31 and April 8, 2025, Commerce requested supplemental
information pertaining to certain aspects of the Petition in
supplemental questionnaires.\3\ Between April 4 and 11, 2025, the
petitioner filed timely responses to these requests for additional
information.\4\
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\3\ See Commerce's Letters, ``Supplemental Questions,'' dated
March 31, 2025 (First General Issues Questionnaire) and
``Supplemental Questions,'' dated April 2, 2025; see also
Memorandum, ``Phone Call with Counsel to the Petitioner,'' dated
April 8, 2025 (April 8 Memorandum).
\4\ See Petitioner's Letters, ``Response to General Issues and
Injury Supplemental Questions,'' dated April 4, 2025 (First General
Issues Supplement); ``Response to Volume III Supplemental
Questions,'' dated April 8, 2025; and ``Response to Supplemental
Questions,'' dated April 11, 2025 (Second General Issues
Supplement).
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In accordance with section 702(b)(1) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as
amended (the Act), the petitioner alleges that the Taiwan Authorities
(TA) are providing countervailable subsidies, within the meaning of
sections 701 and 771(5) of the Act, to producers of monomers and
oligomers in Taiwan, and that such imports are materially injuring, or
threatening material injury to, the domestic industry producing
monomers and oligomers in the United States. Consistent with section
702(b)(1) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.202(b), for those alleged programs
on which we are initiating a CVD investigation, the Petition was
accompanied by information reasonably available to the petitioner
supporting its allegations.
Commerce finds that the petitioner filed the Petition on behalf of
the domestic industry, because the petitioner is an interested party,
as defined in section 771(9)(C) of the Act. Commerce also finds that
the petitioner demonstrated sufficient industry support with respect to
the initiation of the requested CVD investigation.\5\
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\5\ See section on ``Determination of Industry Support for the
Petition,'' infra.
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Period of Investigation (POI)
Because the Petition was filed on March 27, 2025, the POI is
January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.\6\
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\6\ See 19 CFR 351.204(b)(2).
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Scope of the Investigation
The product covered by this investigation is monomers and oligomers
from Taiwan. For a full description of the scope of this investigation,
see the appendix to this notice.
Comments on the Scope of the Investigation
On March 31 and April 8, 2025, Commerce requested information and
clarification from the petitioner regarding the proposed scope to
ensure that the scope language in the Petitions is an accurate
reflection of the products for which the domestic industry is seeking
relief.\7\ Between March 31 and April 11, 2025, the petitioner provided
clarifications and revised the scope.\8\ The description of merchandise
covered by this investigation, as described in the appendix to this
notice, reflects these clarifications.
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\7\ See First General Issues Questionnaire; see also April 8
Memorandum.
\8\ See First General Issues Supplement at 9-11 and Exhibits
Supp-I-2 and Supp-I-3; see also Second General Issues Supplement at
1-6 and Exhibits Supp2-I-1 through Supp2-I-3. On March 31, 2025, the
petitioner also filed an amendment containing technical
modifications to the scope in the Petition. See Petitioner's Letter,
``Amendment to Petition,'' dated March 31, 2025.
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As discussed in the Preamble to Commerce's regulations, we are
setting aside a period for interested parties to raise issues regarding
product coverage (i.e., scope).\9\ Commerce will consider all scope
comments received from interested parties and, if necessary, will
consult with interested parties prior to the issuance of the
preliminary determination. If scope comments include factual
information, all such factual information should be limited to public
information.\10\ To facilitate preparation of its questionnaires,
Commerce requests that scope comments be submitted by 5:00 p.m. Eastern
Time (ET) on May 6, 2025, which is 20 calendar days from the signature
date of this notice. Any rebuttal comments, which may include
[[Page 17033]]
factual information, and should also be limited to public information,
must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on May 16, 2025, which is 10 calendar
days from the initial comment deadline.
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\9\ See Antidumping Duties; Countervailing Duties, Final Rule,
62 FR 27296, 27323 (May 19, 1997) (Preamble); see also 19 CFR
351.312.
\10\ See 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) (defining ``factual
information'').
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Commerce requests that any factual information that parties
consider relevant to the scope of this investigation be submitted
during that period. However, if a party subsequently finds that
additional factual information pertaining to the scope of the
investigation may be relevant, the party must contact Commerce and
request permission to submit the additional information. All scope
comments must be filed simultaneously on the records of the concurrent
AD and CVD investigations.
Filing Requirements
All submissions to Commerce must be filed electronically via
Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty
Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS), unless an exception
applies.\11\ An electronically filed document must be received
successfully in its entirety by the time and date it is due.
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\11\ See Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings:
Electronic Filing Procedures; Administrative Protective Order
Procedures, 76 FR 39263 (July 6, 2011); see also Enforcement and
Compliance; Change of Electronic Filing System Name, 79 FR 69046
(November 20, 2014), for details of Commerce's electronic filing
requirements, effective August 5, 2011. Information on using ACCESS
can be found at https://access.trade.gov/help.aspx and a handbook
can be found at https://access.trade.gov/help/Handbook_on_Electronic_Filing_Procedures.pdf.
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Consultations
Pursuant to sections 702(b)(4)(A)(i) and (ii) of the Act, Commerce
notified the TA of the receipt of the Petition and provided an
opportunity for consultations with respect to the Petition.\12\
Commerce held consultations with the TA on April 14, 2025.\13\
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\12\ See Commerce's Letter, ``Invitation for Consultations to
Discuss the Countervailing Duty Petition,'' dated March 28, 2025.
\13\ See Memorandum, ``Consultations with the Government of
Taiwan,'' dated April 14, 2025; see also TA's Letter, ``GOT's
Submission,'' dated April 14, 2025.
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Additionally, given the nature of certain subsidy programs alleged
in the Petition, on March 28, 2025, Commerce issued a letter to the
Government of the People's Republic of China (GOC), providing the GOC
with the opportunity to meet with Commerce officials.\14\ The GOC did
not request to meet with Commerce officials.\15\
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\14\ See Commerce's Letter, ``Alleged Transnational Subsidy
Programs,'' dated March 28, 2025.
\15\ The GOC submitted comments on the CVD petition. See GOC's
Letter, ``Comments on the Countervailing Duty Petition,'' dated
April 11, 2025.
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Determination of Industry Support for the Petition
Section 702(b)(1) of the Act requires that a petition be filed on
behalf of the domestic industry. Section 702(c)(4)(A) of the Act
provides that a petition meets this requirement if the domestic
producers or workers who support the petition account for: (i) at least
25 percent of the total production of the domestic like product; and
(ii) more than 50 percent of the production of the domestic like
product produced by that portion of the industry expressing support
for, or opposition to, the petition. Moreover, section 702(c)(4)(D) of
the Act provides that, if the petition does not establish support of
domestic producers or workers accounting for more than 50 percent of
the total production of the domestic like product, Commerce shall: (i)
poll the industry or rely on other information in order to determine if
there is support for the petition, as required by subparagraph (A); or
(ii) determine industry support using a statistically valid sampling
method to poll the ``industry.''
Section 771(4)(A) of the Act defines the ``industry'' as the
producers as a whole of a domestic like product. Thus, to determine
whether a petition has the requisite industry support, the statute
directs Commerce to look to producers and workers who produce the
domestic like product. The U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC),
which is responsible for determining whether ``the domestic industry''
has been injured, must also determine what constitutes a domestic like
product in order to define the industry. While both Commerce and the
ITC apply the same statutory definition regarding the domestic like
product,\16\ they do so for different purposes and pursuant to a
separate and distinct authority. In addition, Commerce's determination
is subject to limitations of time and information. Although this may
result in different definitions of the like product, such differences
do not render the decision of either agency contrary to law.\17\
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\16\ See section 771(10) of the Act.
\17\ See USEC, Inc. v. United States, 132 F. Supp. 2d 1, 8 (CIT
2001) (citing Algoma Steel Corp., Ltd. v. United States, 688 F.
Supp. 639, 644 (CIT 1988), aff'd Algoma Steel Corp., Ltd. v. United
States, 865 F.2d 240 (Fed. Cir. 1989)).
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Section 771(10) of the Act defines the domestic like product as ``a
product which is like, or in the absence of like, most similar in
characteristics and uses with, the article subject to an investigation
under this title.'' Thus, the reference point from which the domestic
like product analysis begins is ``the article subject to an
investigation'' (i.e., the class or kind of merchandise to be
investigated, which normally will be the scope as defined in the
petition).
With regard to the domestic like product, the petitioner does not
offer a definition of the domestic like product distinct from the scope
of the investigation.\18\ Based on our analysis of the information
submitted on the record, we have determined that monomers and
oligomers, as defined in the scope, constitute a single domestic like
product, and we have analyzed industry support in terms of that
domestic like product.\19\
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\18\ See Petition at Volume I (pages I-10 through I-12); see
also First General Issues Supplement at 12-17 and Exhibit I-Supp-7;
and Second General Issues Supplement at 6-7.
\19\ For a discussion of the domestic like product analysis as
applied to this case and information regarding industry support, see
Checklist, ``Countervailing Duty Investigation Initiation Checklist:
Certain Monomers and Oligomers from Taiwan,'' dated concurrently
with, and hereby adopted by, this notice (Taiwan CVD Initiation
Checklist), at Attachment II, Analysis of Industry Support for the
Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions Covering Certain
Monomers and Oligomers from the Republic of Korea and Taiwan
(Attachment II). This checklist is on file electronically via
ACCESS.
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In determining whether the petitioner has standing under section
702(c)(4)(A) of the Act, we considered the industry support data
contained in the Petition with reference to the domestic like product
as defined in the ``Scope of the Investigation,'' in the appendix to
this notice. To establish industry support, the petitioner provided its
own 2024 production of the domestic like product and compared this to
the estimated total production of the domestic like product in 2024 by
the entire domestic industry.\20\ We relied on data provided by the
petitioner for purposes of measuring industry support.\21\
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\20\ For further discussion, see Attachment II of the Taiwan CVD
Initiation Checklist.
\21\ Id.
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Our review of the data provided in the Petition, the First General
Issues Supplement, and other information readily available to Commerce
indicates that the petitioner has established industry support for the
Petition.\22\ First, the Petition established support from domestic
producers (or workers) accounting for more than 50 percent of the total
production of the domestic like product and, as such, Commerce is not
required to take further action in order to evaluate industry support
(e.g., polling).\23\ Second, the domestic producers (or workers) have
met the statutory criteria for industry support
[[Page 17034]]
under section 702(c)(4)(A)(i) of the Act because the domestic producers
(or workers) who support the Petition account for at least 25 percent
of the total production of the domestic like product.\24\ Finally, the
domestic producers (or workers) have met the statutory criteria for
industry support under section 702(c)(4)(A)(ii) of the Act because the
domestic producers (or workers) who support the Petition account for
more than 50 percent of the production of the domestic like product
produced by that portion of the industry expressing support for, or
opposition to, the Petition.\25\ Accordingly, Commerce determines that
the Petition was filed on behalf of the domestic industry within the
meaning of section 702(b)(1) of the Act.\26\
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\22\ Id.
\23\ Id.; see also section 702(c)(4)(D) of the Act.
\24\ See Attachment II of the Taiwan CVD Initiation Checklist.
\25\ Id.
\26\ Id.
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Injury Test
Because Taiwan is a ``Subsidies Agreement Country'' within the
meaning of section 701(b) of the Act, section 701(a)(2) of the Act
applies to this investigation. Accordingly, the ITC must determine
whether imports of the subject merchandise from Taiwan materially
injure, or threaten material injury to, a U.S. industry.
Allegations and Evidence of Material Injury and Causation
The petitioner alleges that imports of the subject merchandise are
benefiting from countervailable subsidies and that such imports are
causing, or threaten to cause, material injury to the U.S. industry
producing the domestic like product. In addition, the petitioner
alleges that subject imports from Taiwan exceed the negligibility
threshold provided for under section 771(24)(A) of the Act.\27\
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\27\ For further information regarding negligibility and the
injury allegation, see Taiwan CVD Initiation Checklist at Attachment
III, Analysis of Allegations and Evidence of Material Injury and
Causation for the Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty Petitions
Covering Certain Monomers and Oligomers from the Republic of Korea
and Taiwan (Attachment III).
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The petitioner contends that the industry's injured condition is
illustrated by a significant volume of subject imports; reduced market
share; underselling and price depression and/or suppression; declines
in production, capacity, capacity utilization, and U.S. shipments;
declines in profitability, operating income, net income, cash flow,
return on assets, capital expenditures, and research and development
expenditures; and lost sales and revenues.\28\ We assessed the
allegations and supporting evidence regarding material injury, threat
of material injury, causation, as well as negligibility, and we have
determined that these allegations are properly supported by adequate
evidence and meet the statutory requirements for initiation.\29\
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\28\ Id.
\29\ Id.
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Initiation of CVD Investigation
Based upon the examination of the Petition and supplemental
responses, we find that they meet the requirements of section 702 of
the Act. Therefore, we are initiating a CVD investigation to determine
whether imports of monomers and oligomers from Taiwan benefit from
countervailable subsidies conferred by the TA. In accordance with
section 703(b)(1) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.205(b)(1), unless
postponed, we will make our preliminary determination no later than 65
days after the date of this initiation.
Based on our review of the Petition, we find that there is
sufficient information to initiate a CVD investigation on 38 of the 43
programs alleged by the petitioner. For a full discussion of the basis
for our decision to initiate on each program, see the Taiwan CVD
Initiation Checklist. A public version of the initiation checklist for
this investigation is available on ACCESS.
Respondent Selection
In the Petition, the petitioner identified seven Companies in
Taiwan as producers/exporters of monomers and oligomers.\30\ Commerce
intends to follow its standard practice in CVD investigations and
calculate company-specific subsidy rates in this investigation. In the
event that Commerce determines that the number of companies is large
and it cannot individually examine each company based on Commerce's
resources, Commerce intends to select mandatory respondents based on
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) entry data for U.S. imports
under the appropriate Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States
(HTSUS) subheading(s) listed in the ``Scope of the Investigation'' in
the appendix.
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\30\ See Petitions at Volume I (pages I-8 and I-9 and Exhibit I-
7).
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On April 15, 2025, Commerce released CBP data on imports of
monomers and oligomers from Taiwan under administrative protective
order (APO) to all parties with access to information protected by APO
and indicated that interested parties wishing to comment on CBP data
and/or respondent selection must do so within three business days of
the publication date of the notice of initiation of this
investigation.\31\ Comments must be filed electronically using ACCESS.
An electronically-filed document must be received successfully in its
entirety via ACCESS by 5 p.m. ET on the specified deadline. Commerce
will not accept rebuttal comments regarding the CBP data or respondent
selection.
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\31\ See Memorandum, ``Release of U.S. Customs and Border
Protection Entry Data,'' dated April 15, 2025.
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Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under
APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305(b). Instructions for filing such
applications may be found on Commerce's website at https://www.trade.gov/administrative-protective-orders.
Distribution of a Copy of the Petition
In accordance with section 702(b)(4)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR
351.202(f), a copy of the public version of the Petition has been
provided to the TA via ACCESS. To the extent practicable, we will
attempt to provide a copy of the public version of the Petition to each
exporter named in the Petition, as provided under 19 CFR 351.203(c)(2).
ITC Notification
Commerce will notify the ITC of its initiation, as required by
section 702(d) of the Act.
Preliminary Determination by the ITC
The ITC will preliminarily determine, within 45 days after the date
on which the Petition was filed, whether there is a reasonable
indication that imports of monomers and oligomers from Taiwan are
materially injuring, or threatening material injury to, a U.S.
industry.\32\ A negative ITC determination will result in the
investigation being terminated.\33\ Otherwise, this CVD investigation
will proceed according to statutory and regulatory time limits.
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\32\ See section 703(a)(1) of the Act.
\33\ Id.
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Submission of Factual Information
Factual information is defined in 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) as: (i)
evidence submitted in response to questionnaires; (ii) evidence
submitted in support of allegations; (iii) publicly available
information to value factors of production under 19 CFR 351.408(c) or
to measure the adequacy of remuneration under 19 CFR 351.511(a)(2);
(iv) evidence placed on the record by Commerce; and (v)
[[Page 17035]]
evidence other than factual information described in (i)-(iv). Section
351.301(b) of Commerce's regulations requires any party, when
submitting factual information, to specify under which subsection of 19
CFR 351.102(b)(21) the information is being submitted \34\ and, if the
information is submitted to rebut, clarify, or correct factual
information already on the record, to provide an explanation
identifying the information already on the record that the factual
information seeks to rebut, clarify, or correct.\35\ Time limits for
the submission of factual information are addressed in 19 CFR 351.301,
which provides specific time limits based on the type of factual
information being submitted. Interested parties should review the
regulations prior to submitting factual information in this
investigation.
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\34\ See 19 CFR 351.301(b).
\35\ See 19 CFR 351.301(b)(2).
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Extensions of Time Limits
Parties may request an extension of time limits before the
expiration of a time limit established under 19 CFR 351.301, or as
otherwise specified by Commerce. In general, an extension request will
be considered untimely if it is filed after the expiration of the time
limit established under 19 CFR 351.301, or as otherwise specified by
Commerce.\36\ For submissions that are due from multiple parties
simultaneously, an extension request will be considered untimely if it
is filed after 10 a.m. ET on the due date. Under certain circumstances,
Commerce may elect to specify a different time limit by which extension
requests will be considered untimely for submissions which are due from
multiple parties simultaneously. In such a case, we will inform parties
in a letter or memorandum of the deadline (including a specified time)
by which extension requests must be filed to be considered timely. An
extension request must be made in a separate, standalone submission;
under limited circumstances we will grant untimely filed requests for
the extension of time limits, where we determine, based on 19 CFR
351.302, that extraordinary circumstances exist. Parties should review
Commerce's regulations concerning the extension of time limits and the
Time Limits Final Rule prior to submitting factual information in this
investigation.\37\
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\36\ See 19 CFR 351.302.
\37\ See 19 CFR 351.301; see also Extension of Time Limits;
Final Rule, 78 FR 57790 (September 20, 2013) (Time Limits Final
Rule), available at https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-09-20/html/2013-22853.htm.
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Certification Requirements
Any party submitting factual information in an AD or CVD proceeding
must certify to the accuracy and completeness of that information.\38\
Parties must use the certification formats provided in 19 CFR
351.303(g).\39\ Commerce intends to reject factual submissions if the
submitting party does not comply with the applicable certification
requirements.
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\38\ See section 782(b) of the Act.
\39\ See Certification of Factual Information to Import
Administration During Antidumping and Countervailing Duty
Proceedings, 78 FR 42678 (July 17, 2013) (Final Rule); see also
frequently asked questions regarding the Final Rule, available at
https://enforcement.trade.gov/tlei/notices/factual_info_final_rule_FAQ_07172013.pdf.
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Notification to Interested Parties
Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under
APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305. Parties wishing to participate
in this investigation should ensure that they meet the requirements of
19 CFR 351.103(d) (e.g., by filing the required letters of appearance).
Note that Commerce has amended certain of its requirements pertaining
to the service of documents in 19 CFR 351.303(f).\40\
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\40\ See Administrative Protective Order, Service, and Other
Procedures in Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings, 88 FR
67069 (September 29, 2023).
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This notice is issued and published pursuant to sections 702 and
777(i) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.203(c).
Dated: April 16, 2025.
Christopher Abbott,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the
non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for
Enforcement and Compliance.
Appendix
Scope of the Investigation
The products subject to this investigation are certain
multifunctional acrylate and methacrylate monomers, and acrylated
bisphenol-A epoxy based oligomers (collectively, certain monomers
and oligomers or CMOs) that are derived from chemical reactions
involving the use of acrylic or methacrylic acid. Products within
the scope are listed below and have the following Chemical Abstracts
Service (CAS) numbers:
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CAS No. Description Molecular formula
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109-16-0.................... Triethylene glycol C14H22O6.
dimethacrylate
(TEGDMA).
13048-33-4.................. 1,6-hexanediol C12H18O4.
diacrylate (HDDA).
42978-66-5.................. Tripropylene glycol C15H24O6.
diacrylate (TPGDA).
3290-92-4................... Trimethylolpropane C18H26O6.
trimethacrylate
(TMPTMA).
15625-89-5.................. Trimethylolpropane C15H20O6.
triacrylate (TMPTA).
28961-43-5.................. Ethoxylated (C2H4O)n(C2H4O)n(C2H
trimethylol-propane 4O)nC15H20O6.
triacrylate
(EOTMPTA).
57472-68-1.................. Dipropylene glycol C12H18O5.
diacrylate (DPGDA).
55818-57-0.................. Bisphenol-A- (C15H16O2[middot]C3H
epichlorohydrin 5ClO)x[middot]xC3H4
copolymer acrylate O2.
(EPOXY ACRYLATE).
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The monomers are generally known as multifunctional acrylates
(MFAs) or multifunctional methacrylates (MFMAs) depending on whether
the functional groups are acrylate or methacrylate. The monomers
generally contain stabilizers/inhibitors, which include but are not
limited to Hydroquinone, Methyl Hydroquinone, and Butylated Hydroxy
Toluene. The monomers are either difunctional or trifunctional
(having 2 or 3 functional groups/molecule), have viscosities of 9 to
15 centipoise (cPs) at 25 degrees Celsius (if difunctional) or 44 to
110 cPs at 25 degrees Celsius (if trifunctional), have (meth)
acrylate equivalent weights (molecular weight per number of
functional groups) between 99 and 158 and molecular weights between
226 and 472 grams per mol.
The acrylated bisphenol-A epoxy based oligomer is commonly
referred to as epoxy acrylate or acrylated epoxy. In contrast to
epoxy resin, the main characteristic of the epoxy acrylate oligomer
is that it contains acrylate functional groups which make them
curable by free-radical polymerization. The epoxy acrylate has a
molecular weight between 508 to 536 grams per mol and a viscosity of
2400 to 3600 cPs at 65 degrees Celsius. The epoxy acrylate generally
contains stabilizers/inhibitors, which include but are not limited
to Hydroquinone, Methyl Hydroquinone, and Butylated Hydroxy Toluene.
Certain monomers and oligomers are subject to the scope even if
an in-scope monomer or oligomer is blended or mixed with one or more
other in-scope monomers or oligomers.
Certain monomers and oligomers in any blend or mixture are also
subject to the scope, so long as the blend or mixture
[[Page 17036]]
contains no less than 20 percent by weight of in-scope CMOs.
The scope includes merchandise matching the above description
that has been processed in a third country, including by
commingling, diluting, introducing, or removing ingredients, or
performing any other processing that would not otherwise remove the
merchandise from the scope of the investigation if performed in the
subject country.
The scope also includes CMOs that are commingled, mixed or
blended with in-scope product from sources not subject to this
investigation.
Only the subject component(s) of such blends, mixtures or
commingled products described above is covered by the scope of this
investigation. Subject merchandise contained in a blended, mixed or
commingled product described above will not have undergone a
chemical reaction as a result of being blended, mixed or commingled.
Notwithstanding the above, specifically excluded from the scope
are downstream products, including but not limited to, inks,
coatings and overprint varnishes. For purposes of this exclusion,
the downstream product requires only the application of energy to be
cured, e.g., inks or varnish applied to packaging, coatings applied
to wood flooring, etc. The energy source required to cure the
downstream product to its substrate can be thermal, ultraviolet
radiation, visible light, electron beam radiation, or infrared
radiation.
This merchandise is currently classifiable under Harmonized
Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) subheadings
2916.12.5050, 2916.14.2050, 3824.99.2900, 3907.29.0000 and
3907.30.0000. Subject merchandise may also be entered under
subheadings 2916.12.1000 and 3824.99.9397. The HTSUS subheadings and
CAS registry numbers are provided for convenience and customs
purposes only; the written description of the scope is dispositive.
[FR Doc. 2025-06934 Filed 4-22-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P