[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 74 (Friday, April 18, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 16496-16498]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-06680]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Census Bureau


Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission to the 
Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for Review and Approval; Comment 
Request; American Community Survey (ACS) Methods Panel Tests

    The Department of Commerce will submit the following information 
collection request to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for 
review and clearance in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 
1995, on or after the date of publication of this notice. We invite the 
general public and other Federal agencies to comment on proposed and 
continuing information collections, which helps us assess the impact of 
our information collection requirements and minimize the public's 
reporting burden. Public comments were previously requested via the 
Federal Register on October 23, 2024, during a 60-day comment period. 
This notice allows for an additional 30 days for public comments.
    Agency: U.S. Census Bureau, Department of Commerce.
    Title: American Community Survey Methods Panel Testing.
    OMB Control Number: 0607-0936.
    Form Number(s): ACS-1, ACS-1(GQ), ACS-1(PR)SP, ACS CAPI(HU), and 
ACS RI(HU).
    Type of Request: Regular Submission, Request for a Revision of a 
Currently Approved Collection.
    Number of Respondents:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 Estimated number of
                    Test                             respondents
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Questionnaire Timing Test..................  288,000.
Response Option and Error Message Design     288,000.
 Test.
Additional Internet Instrument Testing.....  Test A--60,000.
                                             Test B--60,000.
Self-Response Mail Messaging and Contact     Test A--60,000.
 Strategies Testing.                         Test B--60,000.
                                             Test C--60,000.
Content Testing............................  Test A--40,000.
Content Testing Follow-up Interview........  Test A--40,000.
Nonresponse Follow-up Data Collection        60,000.
 Testing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Average Hours per Response:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        Estimated time
                        Test                           per response  (in
                                                           minutes)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Questionnaire Timing Test...........................                  40
Response Option and Error Message Design Test.......                  40
Additional Internet Instrument Testing..............                  40
Self-Response Mail Messaging and Contact Strategies                   40
 Testing............................................
Content Testing.....................................                  40
Content Testing Follow-up Interview.................                  20

[[Page 16497]]

 
Nonresponse Follow-up Data Collection Testing.......                  40
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Burden Hours:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                 Estimated time
                     Test                            Estimated  number of         per response     Total  burden
                                                          respondents             (in minutes)         hours
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Questionnaire Timing Test.....................  288,000.......................                40         192,000
Response Option and Error Message Design Test.  288,000.......................                40         192,000
Additional Internet Instrument Testing........  Test A--60,000................                40          40,000
                                                Test B--60,000................                            40,000
Self-Response Mail Messaging and Contact        Test A--60,000................                40          40,000
 Strategies Testing.                            Test B--60,000................                            40,000
                                                Test C--60,000................                            40,000
Content Testing...............................  40,000........................                40          26,667
Content Testing Follow-up Interview...........  40,000........................                20          13,333
Nonresponse Follow-up Data Collection Testing.  60,000........................                40          40,000
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total (over 3 years) *....................  1,016,000.....................  ................         664,000
    Annual Burden Hours.......................  338,667.......................  ................         221,333
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Note: This is the maximum burden requested for these tests. Every effort is taken to use existing production
  sample for testing when the tests do not involve content changes.

    Needs and Uses: The U.S. Census Bureau requests authorization from 
OMB for the American Community Survey (ACS) Methods Panel Tests. The 
ACS is an ongoing monthly survey that collects detailed social, 
economic, housing and demographic data from about 3.5 million housing 
unit addresses in the United States and about 36,000 housing unit 
addresses in Puerto Rico each year (where it is called the Puerto Rico 
Community Survey [PRCS]). The ACS also collects detailed data from 
about 150,600 residents living in group quarters facilities in the 
United States and about 900 in Puerto Rico. Resulting tabulations from 
this data collection are provided on a yearly basis. The ACS allows the 
Census Bureau to provide timely and relevant social, economic, housing, 
and demographic statistics, even for low levels of geography.
    An ongoing data collection effort with an annual sample of this 
magnitude requires that the Census Bureau continue research, tests, and 
evaluations aimed at improving data quality, reducing data collection 
costs, and improving the ACS questionnaire content and related data 
collection materials. The ACS Methods Panel is a research program at 
the Census Bureau designed to address and respond to survey issues and 
needs of the ACS. As part of the Decennial Census Program, the ACS also 
provides an opportunity to research and test elements of survey data 
collection that relate to the decennial census. As such, the ACS 
Methods Panel can serve as a testbed for the decennial census. From 
2025 to 2028, the ACS Methods Panel may test ACS and decennial census 
methods for reducing survey cost, addressing respondent burden, and 
improving survey response, data quality, and survey efficiencies for 
housing units and group quarters. Testing may also include revising 
content or testing new questions. The ACS Methods Panel may also 
address other emerging needs of the program.
    At this time, proposals are in place for several tests related to 
self-response. Tests may also be conducted for nonresponse follow-up 
data collection and other ACS operations. Because the ACS Methods Panel 
is designed to address emerging issues, we may propose additional 
testing as needed. The proposed tests are outlined below.
    The ``Questionnaire Timing Test'' will test whether changing the 
timing of when the ACS paper questionnaire is sent to sampled addresses 
can increase self-response (overall and by data collection mode) and 
reduce data collection costs. The test will also evaluate the impact of 
including a Quick Response (QR) code on mail materials to direct 
respondents to the internet data collection instrument. If successful, 
adopting these changes could decrease data collection costs associated 
with the paper questionnaire and the Computer-Assisted Personal 
Interviewing (CAPI) nonresponse follow-up data collection operation.
    The ``Internet Instrument Response Option and Error Message Design 
Test'' will provide information to aid the development of web design 
standards for household and group quarters data collection instruments 
used throughout the Census Bureau. This test will focus on design 
standards related to response options and error messages to increase 
data quality and the respondent experience. The response options 
testing will compare the use of standard radio buttons (the current 
design) to the use of modified response buttons. These modified 
response buttons have a border around the radio button and response 
option wording allowing for a larger area for a respondent to click or 
tap to select a response. The response button will highlight when 
hovered over and change to green once selected. This test will 
determine if these changes decrease response time, change response 
distributions, or affect item nonresponse. The error message design 
test will explore how respondents react to a different display. Current 
error messages display at the top of the page within a box and use an 
exclamation mark and color to draw attention. For missing write-in 
fields, an arrow shows where the error occurred. This experiment will 
test a change in colors used to draw attention to the error. Instead of 
an arrow showing where there is a missing write-in, a change to the 
write-in border will be used.
    ``Additional Internet Instrument Testing'' will test ACS design 
elements based on input from experts in survey methodology and web 
survey design. With a growing population using the internet to respond 
to the ACS, as well

[[Page 16498]]

as the increased usage of smartphones and other electronic devices with 
smaller screens, evaluation of the internet instrument is needed. 
Testing may include revisions focused on improving login procedures and 
screen navigation, improving the user interface design, as well as 
methods to decrease respondent burden. Multiple tests may be conducted.
    ``Self-Response Mail Messaging and Contact Strategies Testing'' 
will evaluate changes to ACS mailings, including the use of additional 
plain language to improve communication, redesigning the visual 
appearance of the mail materials, improving messaging to motivate 
response, and adding or removing materials included in the mailings. 
Changes to the contact method, the number of contacts, and the timing 
of the contacts may also be tested. Multiple tests may be conducted.
    ``Content Testing'' will test the impact of changing ACS question 
wording and response categories, as well as redefining underlying 
constructs, on the quality of the data collected. New questions may 
also be tested. Working through the Office of Management and Budget 
Interagency Committee for the ACS, the Census Bureau will solicit 
proposals from other federal agencies to change existing questions or 
add new questions to the ACS. The Census Bureau evaluates changes to 
current questions by comparing the revised questions to the current ACS 
questions. For new questions, the Census Bureau proposes comparing the 
performance of two versions of any new questions and benchmark results 
with other well-known sources of such information. Response bias or 
variance may also be measured to evaluate the questions by conducting a 
follow-up interview with respondents. Multiple tests may be conducted. 
Since the 60-day Federal Register Notice was published, the scope of 
the testing was reduced from a Test A and Test B, each with 40,000 
respondents, to only a Test A. Additional reviews determined that the 
objectives of the testing can be accomplished with the single test.
    ``Nonresponse Follow-up Data Collection Testing'' will test 
modifications to nonresponse follow-up data collection operations to 
increase response to the ACS. The proposed tests would evaluate changes 
to the materials used by ACS field representatives (FRs), including 
changes to the messaging to motivate response or changes to the types 
of materials used. Testing may also include evaluation of modifications 
to operational approaches and data collection procedures, such as 
contact methods and timing. Multiple tests may be conducted. Since the 
60-day Federal Register Notice was published, the scope of the testing 
was reduced from 100,000 to 60,000 respondents. Additional reviews 
determined that the objectives of the testing can be accomplished with 
a smaller number of respondents.
    Affected Public: Individuals or households.
    Frequency: Multiple one-time tests over a 3-year period.
    Respondent's Obligation: Mandatory.
    Legal Authority: Title 13 U.S.C. 141, 193, and 221.
    This information collection request may be viewed at 
www.reginfo.gov. Follow the instructions to view the Department of 
Commerce collections currently under review by OMB.
    Written comments and recommendations for the proposed information 
collection should be submitted within 30 days of the publication of 
this notice on the following website www.reginfo.gov/public/do/PRAMain. 
Find this particular information collection by selecting ``Currently 
under 30-day Review--Open for Public Comments'' or by using the search 
function and entering either the title of the collection or the OMB 
Control Number 0607-0936.

Sheleen Dumas,
Departmental PRA Compliance Officer, Office of the Under Secretary for 
Economic Affairs, Commerce Department.
[FR Doc. 2025-06680 Filed 4-17-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-07-P