[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 71 (Tuesday, April 15, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 15670-15673]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-06382]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 39

[Docket No. FAA-2025-0621; Project Identifier AD-2024-00796-E]
RIN 2120-AA64


Airworthiness Directives; CFM International, S.A. Engines

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).

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SUMMARY: The FAA proposes to supersede Airworthiness Directive (AD) 
2023-23-12, which applies to all CFM International, S.A. (CFM) Model 
LEAP-1B21, LEAP-1B23, LEAP-1B25, LEAP-1B27, LEAP-1B28, LEAP-1B28B1, 
LEAP-1B28B2, LEAP-1B28B2C, LEAP-1B28B3, LEAP-1B28BBJ1, and LEAP-
1B28BBJ2 (LEAP-1B) engines. AD 2023-23-12 requires replacing certain 
high-pressure turbine (HPT) rotor stage 1 disks and a certain 
compressor rotor stages 6-10 spool. Since the FAA issued AD 2023-23-12, 
the manufacturer has identified additional parts that were manufactured 
from material suspected to have reduced material properties due to iron 
inclusion, which prompted this proposed AD. This proposed AD would 
retain the requirements to replace certain HPT rotor stage 1 disks and 
a certain compressor rotor stages 6-10 spool. This proposed AD would 
also expand the applicability to include additional affected HPT rotor 
stage 1 disks that were manufactured from the same material suspected 
to have reduced material properties due to iron inclusion. The FAA is 
proposing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products.

DATES: The FAA must receive comments on this proposed AD by May 30, 
2025.

ADDRESSES: You may send comments, using the procedures found in 14 CFR 
11.43 and 11.45, by any of the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to regulations.gov. Follow 
the instructions for submitting comments.
     Fax: (202) 493-2251.
     Mail: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket 
Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New 
Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590.
     Hand Delivery: Deliver to Mail address above between 9 
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
    AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under 
Docket No. FAA-2025-0621; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD 
docket contains this NPRM, any comments received, and other 
information. The street address for Docket Operations is listed above.
    Material Incorporated by Reference:
     For CFM material identified in this proposed AD, contact 
CFM, GE Aviation Fleet Support, 1 Neumann Way, M/D Room 285, 
Cincinnati, OH 45215; phone: (877) 432-3272; email: 
[email protected].
     You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness 
Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue, 
Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this 
material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mehdi Lamnyi, Aviation Safety 
Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, WA 98198; phone: 
(781) 238-7743; email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Comments Invited

    The FAA invites you to send any written relevant data, views, or 
arguments about this proposal. Send your comments to an address listed 
under the ADDRESSES section. Include ``Docket No. FAA-2025-0621; 
Project Identifier AD-2024-00796-E'' at the beginning of your comments. 
The most helpful comments reference a specific portion of the proposal, 
explain the reason for any recommended change, and include supporting 
data. The FAA will consider all comments received by the closing date 
and may revise this proposal because of those comments.
    Except for Confidential Business Information (CBI) as described in 
the following paragraph, and other information as described in 14 CFR 
11.35, the FAA will post all comments received, without change, to 
regulations.gov, including any personal information you provide. The 
agency will also post a report summarizing each substantive verbal 
contact received about this NPRM.

Confidential Business Information

    CBI is commercial or financial information that is both customarily 
and actually treated as private by its owner. Under the Freedom of 
Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552), CBI is exempt from public 
disclosure. If your comments responsive to this NPRM contain commercial 
or financial information that is customarily treated

[[Page 15671]]

as private, that you actually treat as private, and that is relevant or 
responsive to this NPRM, it is important that you clearly designate the 
submitted comments as CBI. Please mark each page of your submission 
containing CBI as ``PROPIN.'' The FAA will treat such marked 
submissions as confidential under the FOIA, and they will not be placed 
in the public docket of this NPRM. Submissions containing CBI should be 
sent to Mehdi Lamnyi, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th 
Street, Des Moines, WA 98198. Any commentary that the FAA receives 
which is not specifically designated as CBI will be placed in the 
public docket for this rulemaking.

Background

    The FAA issued AD 2023-23-12, Amendment 39-22614 (88 FR 85836, 
December 11, 2023), (AD 2023-23-12), for all CFM Model LEAP-1B engines. 
AD 2023-23-12 was prompted by a manufacturer investigation that 
revealed that certain HPT rotor stage 1 disks and a certain compressor 
rotor stages 6-10 spool were manufactured from material suspected to 
have reduced material properties due to iron inclusion. AD 2023-23-12 
requires replacing certain HPT rotor stage 1 disks and a certain 
compressor rotor stages 6-10 spool. The agency issued AD 2023-23-12 to 
prevent fracture and subsequent uncontained failure of certain HPT 
rotor stage 1 disks and a certain compressor rotor stages 6-10 spool.

Actions Since AD 2023-23-12 Was Issued

    Since the FAA issued AD 2023-23-12, the manufacturer has identified 
additional affected HPT rotor stage 1 disks that were manufactured from 
material suspected to have reduced material properties due to iron 
inclusion. This condition, if not addressed, could result in 
uncontained debris release, damage to the engine, and damage to the 
aircraft.

FAA's Determination

    The FAA is issuing this NPRM after determining that the unsafe 
condition described previously is likely to exist or develop on other 
products of the same type design.

Material Incorporated by Reference Under 1 CFR Part 51

    The FAA reviewed CFM Service Bulletin (SB) LEAP-1B-72-00-0402-01A-
930A-D, Issue 001, dated January 23, 2024. This material specifies the 
part numbers and serial numbers of additional affected HPT rotor stage 
1 disks and includes procedures for replacement of HPT rotor stage 1 
disks.
    The FAA also reviewed CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0392-01A-930A-D, Issue 
002, dated September 5, 2023, which the Director of the Federal 
Register approved for incorporation by reference as of January 16, 2024 
(88 FR 85836, December 11, 2023).
    This material is reasonably available because the interested 
parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by 
the means identified in the ADDRESSES section.

Proposed AD Requirements in This NPRM

    This proposed AD would retain all of the requirements of AD 2023-
23-12. This proposed AD would require replacement of certain HPT rotor 
stage 1 disks and a certain compressor rotor stages 6-10 spool. This 
proposed AD would also expand the applicability to include additional 
affected HPT rotor stage 1 disks that were manufactured from the same 
material suspected to have reduced material properties due to iron 
inclusion.

Costs of Compliance

    The FAA estimates that this AD, if adopted as proposed, would 
affect 51 engines installed on airplanes of U.S. registry. These 51 
engines require replacement of the HPT stage 1 disk. The FAA estimates 
that there are no engines installed on airplanes of U.S. registry that 
require replacement of the compressor rotor stages 6-10 spool.
    The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this proposed 
AD:

                                                 Estimated Costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     Cost per      Cost on U.S.
              Action                      Labor cost             Parts cost           product        operators
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Replace HPT rotor stage 1 disk....  8 work-hours x $85     $215,635 (pro-rated).        $216,315     $11,032,065
                                     per hour = $680.
Replace compressor rotor stages 6-  8 work-hours x $85     $37,660 (pro-rated)..          38,340               0
 10 spool (0 affected US engines).   per hour = $680.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The new requirements of this proposed AD add no additional economic 
burden.

Authority for This Rulemaking

    Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to 
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the 
authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII, Aviation Programs, 
describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
    The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in 
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. 
Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight 
of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for 
practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary 
for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that 
authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to 
exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action.

Regulatory Findings

    The FAA determined that this proposed AD would not have federalism 
implications under Executive Order 13132. This proposed AD would not 
have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship 
between the national government and the States, or on the distribution 
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.
    For the reasons discussed above, I certify that the proposed 
regulation:
    (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive 
Order 12866,
    (2) Would not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and
    (3) Would not have a significant economic impact, positive or 
negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria 
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39

    Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by 
reference, Safety.

[[Page 15672]]

The Proposed Amendment

    Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the 
Administrator, the FAA proposes to amend 14 CFR part 39 as follows:

PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES

0
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.


Sec.  39.13  [Amended]

0
2. The FAA amends Sec.  39.13 by:
0
a. Removing Airworthiness Directive 2023-23-12, Amendment 39-22614 (88 
FR 85836, December 11, 2023); and
0
b. Adding the following new airworthiness directive:

CFM International, S.A.: Docket No. FAA-2025-0621; Project 
Identifier AD-2024-00796-E.

(a) Comments Due Date

    The FAA must receive comments on this airworthiness directive 
(AD) by May 30, 2025.

(b) Affected ADs

    This AD replaces AD 2023-23-12, Amendment 39-22614 (88 FR 85836, 
December 11, 2023) (AD 2023-23-12).

(c) Applicability

    This AD applies to CFM International, S.A. (CFM) Model LEAP-
1B21, LEAP-1B23, LEAP-1B25, LEAP-1B27, LEAP-1B28, LEAP-1B28B1, LEAP-
1B28B2, LEAP-1B28B2C, LEAP-1B28B3, LEAP-1B28BBJ1, and LEAP-1B28BBJ2 
engines.

(d) Subject

    Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) Code 7230, Turbine Engine 
Compressor Section; 7250, Turbine Section.

(e) Unsafe Condition

    This AD was prompted by a manufacturer investigation that 
revealed that certain high-pressure turbine (HPT) rotor stage 1 
disks and a certain compressor rotor stages 6-10 spool were 
manufactured from material suspected to have reduced material 
properties due to iron inclusion. The FAA is issuing this AD to 
prevent fracture and subsequent uncontained failure of certain HPT 
rotor stage 1 disks and a certain compressor rotor stages 6-10 
spool. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could result in 
uncontained debris release, damage to the engine, and damage to the 
aircraft.

(f) Compliance

    Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, 
unless already done.

(g) Retained Required Actions

    (1) For engines with an installed HPT rotor stage 1 disk having 
a part number (P/N) and serial number (S/N) identified in 
Compliance, paragraph 3.E., Tables 1 through 2, of CFM Service 
Bulletin (SB) LEAP-1B-72-00-0392-01A-930A-D, Issue 002, dated 
September 5, 2023 (CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0392-01A-930A-D, Issue 002): 
At the next piece-part exposure of the HPT rotor stage 1 disk, or 
before exceeding the applicable cycles since new (CSN) threshold 
identified in Compliance, paragraph 3.E., Tables 1 through 2, of CFM 
SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0392-01A-930A-D, Issue 002, whichever occurs first 
after January 16, 2024 (the effective date of AD 2023-23-12); or if 
the applicable CSN threshold has been exceeded as of January 16, 
2024 (the effective date of AD 2023-23-12), within 50 flight cycles 
(FCs) from January 16, 2024 (the effective date of AD 2023-23-12); 
remove the HPT rotor stage 1 disk from service and replace with a 
part eligible for installation.
    (2) For engines with an installed compressor rotor stages 6-10 
spool having a P/N and S/N identified in Compliance, paragraph 3.E., 
Table 3, of CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0392-01A-930A-D, Issue 002: At the 
next piece-part exposure of the compressor rotor stages 6-10 spool, 
or before exceeding the applicable CSN threshold identified in 
Compliance, paragraph 3.E., Table 3, of CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0392-
01A-930A-D, Issue 002, whichever occurs first after January 16, 2024 
(the effective date of AD 2023-23-12); or if the applicable CSN 
threshold has been exceeded as of January 16, 2024 (the effective 
date of AD 2023-23-12), within 50 FCs from January 16, 2024 (the 
effective date of AD 2023-23-12); remove the compressor rotor stages 
6-10 spool from service and replace with a part eligible for 
installation.

(h) New Required Actions

    For engines with an installed HPT rotor stage 1 disk having a P/
N and S/N identified in Compliance, paragraph 3.E., Table 1, of CFM 
SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0402-01A-930A-D, Issue 001, dated January 23, 2024 
(CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0402-01A-930A-D, Issue 001): At the next 
piece-part exposure of the HPT rotor stage 1 disk, or before 
exceeding the applicable CSN threshold identified in Compliance, 
paragraph 3.E., Table 1, of CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0402-01A-930A-D, 
Issue 001, whichever occurs first after the effective date of this 
AD; or if the applicable CSN threshold has been exceeded as of the 
effective date of this AD, within 50 FCs from the effective date of 
this AD; remove the HPT rotor stage 1 disk from service and replace 
with a part eligible for installation.

(i) Retained Definition, With Updated Service Information Reference

    For the purpose of this AD, a ``part eligible for installation'' 
is an HPT rotor stage 1 disk or compressor rotor stages 6-10 spool 
that does not have a P/N and S/N identified in Compliance, paragraph 
3.E., Tables 1 through 3, of CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0392-01A-930A-D, 
Issue 002; or Compliance, paragraph 3.E., Table 1, of CFM SB LEAP-
1B-72-00-0402-01A-930A-D, Issue 001.

(j) Retained Installation Prohibition, With Updated Service Information 
Reference

    After the effective date of this AD, do not install an HPT rotor 
stage 1 disk or compressor rotor stages 6-10 spool that has a P/N 
and S/N identified in Compliance, paragraph 3.E., Tables 1 through 
3, of CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0392-01A-930A-D, Issue 002; or 
Compliance, paragraph 3.E., Table 1, of CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0402-
01A-930A-D, Issue 001, on any engine.

(k) Retained Credit for Previous Actions

    This paragraph provides credit for the actions required by 
paragraph (g) of this AD, if those actions were performed prior to 
January 16, 2024 (the effective date of AD 2023-23-12) by following 
the Accomplishment Instructions specified in CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-
0392-01A-930A-D, Issue 001, dated March 7, 2023.

(l) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)

    (1) The Manager, AIR-520 Continued Operational Safety Branch, 
FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested 
using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 
CFR 39.19, send your request to your principal inspector or local 
Flight Standards District Office, as appropriate. If sending 
information directly to the manager of the AIR-520 Continued 
Operational Safety Branch, send it to the attention of the person 
identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this AD. Information may be 
emailed to: [email protected].
    (2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate 
principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager 
of the local flight standards district office/certificate holding 
district office.

(m) Additional Information

    (1) For more information about this AD, contact Mehdi Lamnyi, 
Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, 
WA 98198; phone: (781) 238-7743; email: [email protected].
    (2) Service material identified in this AD that is not 
incorporated by reference is available at the addresses specified in 
paragraphs (n)(5) and (6) of this AD.

(n) Material Incorporated by Reference

    (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the 
incorporation by reference (IBR) of the material listed in this 
paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51.
    (2) You must use this material as applicable to do the actions 
required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise.
    (3) The following material was approved for IBR on [DATE 35 DAYS 
AFTER PUBLICATION OF THE FINAL RULE].
    (i) CFM Service Bulletin (SB) LEAP-1B-72-00-0402-01A-930A-D, 
Issue 001, dated January 23, 2024.
    (ii) [Reserved]
    (4) The following material was approved for IBR on January 16, 
2024 (88 FR 85836, December 11, 2023).
    (i) CFM SB LEAP-1B-72-00-0392-01A-930A-D, Issue 002, dated 
September 5, 2023.
    (ii) [Reserved]
    (5) For CFM material identified in this AD, contact CFM 
International, S.A., GE Aviation Fleet Support, 1 Neumann Way, M/D 
Room 285, Cincinnati, OH 45215; phone: (877) 432-3272; email: 
[email protected].
    (6) You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness 
Products Section, Operational

[[Page 15673]]

Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For 
information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call 
(817) 222-5110.
    (7) You may view this material at the National Archives and 
Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability 
of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations or email [email protected].

    Issued on April 10, 2025.
Peter A. White,
Deputy Director, Integrated Certificate Management Division, Aircraft 
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2025-06382 Filed 4-14-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P