[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 67 (Wednesday, April 9, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 15251-15252]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-06051]


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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Food and Drug Administration

[Docket No. FDA-2025-N-0129]


Electronic Study Data Submission; Data Standards; Clinical Data 
Interchange Standards Consortium Dataset-JavaScript Object Notation; 
Request for Comments

AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS.

ACTION: Notice; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or Agency) is exploring 
Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) Dataset-
JavaScript Object Notation (Dataset-JSON) version 1.1 as a new exchange 
standard, with the long-term potential to replace Statistical Analysis 
System (SAS) version 5 XPORT Transport Format (XPT), for submission of 
electronic study data to the Center for Biologics Evaluation and 
Research (CBER) and the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). 
FDA is requesting comments on whether to accept Dataset-JSON to 
exchange electronic study data as part of regulatory applications in 
the future. In particular, FDA is requesting feedback on the risks and 
benefits of industry adopting Dataset-JSON as a new exchange standard 
for submitting electronic study data to FDA and any integration 
challenges with existing tools and systems.

DATES: Either electronic or written comments must be submitted by June 
9, 2025.

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments as follows. Please note that late, 
untimely filed comments will not be considered. The https://www.regulations.gov electronic filing system will accept comments until 
11:59 p.m. Eastern Time at the end of June 9, 2025. Comments received 
by mail/hand delivery/courier (for written/paper submissions) will be 
considered timely if they are received on or before that date.

Electronic Submissions

    Submit electronic comments in the following way:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. 
Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Comments submitted 
electronically, including attachments, to https://www.regulations.gov 
will be posted to the docket unchanged. Because your comment will be 
made public, you are solely responsible for ensuring that your comment 
does not include any confidential information that you or a third party 
may not wish to be posted, such as medical information, your or anyone 
else's Social Security number, or confidential business information, 
such as a manufacturing process. Please note that if you include your 
name, contact information, or other information that identifies you in 
the body of your comments, that information will be posted on https://www.regulations.gov.
     If you want to submit a comment with confidential 
information that you do not wish to be made available to the public, 
submit the comment as a written/paper submission and in the manner 
detailed (see ``Written/Paper Submissions'' and ``Instructions'').

Written/Paper Submissions

    Submit written/paper submissions as follows:
     Mail/Hand Delivery/Courier (for written/paper 
submissions): Dockets Management Staff (HFA-305), Food and Drug 
Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
     For written/paper comments submitted to the Dockets 
Management Staff, FDA will post your comment, as well as any 
attachments, except for information submitted, marked and

[[Page 15252]]

identified, as confidential, if submitted as detailed in 
``Instructions.''
    Instructions: All submissions received must include the Docket No. 
FDA-2025-N-0129 for ``Electronic Study Data Submission; Data Standards; 
Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium Dataset-JavaScript 
Object Notation; Request for Comments.'' Received comments, those filed 
in a timely manner (see ADDRESSES), will be placed in the docket and, 
except for those submitted as ``Confidential Submissions,'' publicly 
viewable at https://www.regulations.gov or at the Dockets Management 
Staff between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, 240-402-7500.
     Confidential Submissions--To submit a comment with 
confidential information that you do not wish to be made publicly 
available, submit your comments only as a written/paper submission. You 
should submit two copies total. One copy will include the information 
you claim to be confidential with a heading or cover note that states 
``THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.'' The Agency will 
review this copy, including the claimed confidential information, in 
its consideration of comments. The second copy, which will have the 
claimed confidential information redacted/blacked out, will be 
available for public viewing and posted on https://www.regulations.gov. 
Submit both copies to the Dockets Management Staff. If you do not wish 
your name and contact information to be made publicly available, you 
can provide this information on the cover sheet and not in the body of 
your comments and you must identify this information as 
``confidential.'' Any information marked as ``confidential'' will not 
be disclosed except in accordance with 21 CFR 10.20 and other 
applicable disclosure law. For more information about FDA's posting of 
comments to public dockets, see 80 FR 56469, September 18, 2015, or 
access the information at: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-09-18/pdf/2015-23389.pdf.
    Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or 
the electronic and written/paper comments received, go to https://www.regulations.gov and insert the docket number, found in brackets in 
the heading of this document, into the ``Search'' box and follow the 
prompts and/or go to the Dockets Management Staff, 5630 Fishers Lane, 
Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852, 240-402-7500.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Chenoa Conley, Center for Drug 
Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 
[email protected], 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 32, Rm. 
3158, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 301-796-0035; or James Myers, 
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug 
Administration, [email protected], 10903 New Hampshire Ave., 
Bldg. 71, Rm. 7301, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 240-402-7911.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    In recent years, JSON has become a universal format within the 
global web and is the preferred choice for a variety of publicly 
available web services. While JSON is a standard for data exchange, 
Dataset-JSON is a JSON-based schema specifically designed for 
exchanging tabular datasets that is based on CDISC Dataset-JSON version 
1.0 with enhancements, including smaller file sizes, additional 
metadata, and simpler processing. CDISC Dataset-JSON supports file and 
Application Programming Interface based data exchange, is widely 
supported across technologies, and can link to Define-XML for 
additional metadata.
    In 2022, the Agency completed a high-level assessment on the costs 
and benefits of a potential transition to a modern data exchange 
format. Options evaluated included SAS version 8 XPT, Extensible Markup 
Language, and JSON. The assessment findings were based on a weighted 
evaluation of Agency requirements, which indicated JSON as the optimal 
modern format with the potential to serve as a replacement to SAS 
version 5 XPT. From September 2023 to April 2024, FDA collaborated with 
the CDISC and Pharmaceutical Users Software Exchange (PHUSE) to execute 
a pilot that tested the feasibility of using CDISC Dataset-JSON as a 
transport format for study data submitted with regulatory applications. 
The CDISC-PHUSE pilot results demonstrated that CDISC Dataset-JSON has 
the potential to serve as a transport file for study data. For 
additional information on the CDISC-PHUSE pilot titled ``Dataset-JSON 
as an Alternative Transport Format for Regulatory Submissions: Final 
Pilot Report'' can be found at: https://phuse.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/Deliverables/Optimizing+the+Use+of+Data+Standards/WP-88+Dataset-JSON+Report.pdf.
    JSON has become ubiquitous on the web and is the most commonly used 
format to represent Health Level Seven/Fast Healthcare Interoperability 
Resource, the standard specified for the use of electronic healthcare 
records by the Assistant Secretary for Technology Policy and Office of 
the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology.
    Through this notice, FDA is requesting comments from industry on 
adoption risks and benefits and any integration challenges with 
existing tools and systems associated with the use of Dataset-JSON to 
exchange electronic study data as part of regulatory applications. A 
future transition to Dataset-JSON is being considered to improve the 
Agency's ability to receive and process regulatory submission 
information and ensure alignment with the FDA's Data Modernization 
Action Plan. More information about the FDA Data Modernization Action 
Plan can be found at: https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/reports/data-modernization-action-plan. FDA understands that any potential change to 
the current regulatory submission requirements could have a significant 
impact on the industry. As such, the Agency is open to future 
engagements with industry and vendors through further testing 
initiatives utilizing CDISC Dataset-JSON.
    If the Agency makes the decision to adopt Dataset-JSON as the new 
format for electronic submissions in the future, the Agency intends to 
do so in accordance with the final guidance titled ``Providing 
Regulatory Submissions in Electronic Format--Standardized Study Data'' 
(available at: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/providing-regulatory-submissions-electronic-format-standardized-study-data), which implements electronic submission 
requirements of section 745A(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
Act (21 U.S.C. 379k-1(a)) for study data contained in new drug 
applications, abbreviated new drug applications, biologics license 
applications, and investigational new drug applications submitted to 
CDER or CBER by specifying the format for electronic submissions.

    Dated: March 28, 2025.
P. Ritu Nalubola,
Associate Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. 2025-06051 Filed 4-8-25; 8:45 am]
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