[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 63 (Thursday, April 3, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 14595-14598]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-05494]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

50 CFR Part 648

[Docket No. 250326-0055]
RIN 0648-BN51


Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; 2025 Black Sea Bass 
Recreational Management Measures

AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce.

ACTION: Proposed rule; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: NMFS proposes Federal management measures for the 2025 black 
sea bass recreational fishery. The implementing regulations for this 
fishery require NMFS to publish recreational measures for the fishing 
year and to provide an opportunity for public comment. The intent of 
this action is to set management measures that allow this recreational 
fishery to achieve, but not exceed, the recreational harvest target and 
thereby prevent overfishing.

DATES: Comments must be received by April 18, 2025.

ADDRESSES: A plain language summary of this proposed rule is available 
at: https://www.regulations.gov/docket/NOAA-NMFS-2025-0016. You may 
submit comments on this document, identified by NOAA-NMFS-2025-0016, by 
any of the following methods:
     Electronic Submission: Submit all electronic public 
comments via the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal. Go to https://www.regulations.gov and type NOAA-NMFS-2025-0016 in the Search box 
(note: copying and pasting the FDMS Docket Number directly from this 
document may not yield search results). Click on the ``Comment'' icon, 
complete the required fields, and enter or attach your comments.
    Instructions: Comments sent by any other method, to any other 
address or individual or received after the end of the comment period, 
may not be considered by NMFS. All comments received are a part of the 
public record and will generally be posted for public viewing on 
https://www.regulations.gov without change. All personal identifying 
information (e.g., name, address, etc.), confidential business 
information, or otherwise sensitive information submitted voluntarily 
by the sender will be publicly accessible. NMFS will accept anonymous 
comments (enter ``N/A'' in the required fields if you wish to remain 
anonymous).

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Savannah Lewis, Fishery Management 
Specialist, (978) 281-9348, or [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    NMFS is proposing to implement the 2025 black sea bass recreational 
management measures under the Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass 
Fishery Management Plan (FMP). The Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management 
Council (Council) and the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission 
(Commission) jointly manage the summer flounder, scup, and black sea 
bass commercial and recreational fisheries. The Council and the 
Commission's Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Management Board 
(Board) meet jointly each year to recommend recreational management 
measures for all three species, generally set for two years, so that 
recreational

[[Page 14596]]

harvest achieves, but does not exceed, the recreational harvest targets 
specified by the Percent Change Approach adopted in the Harvest Control 
Rule Framework (Framework 17; 88 FR 14499; March 9, 2023). In a 
previous rule, summer flounder and scup recreational measures were set 
for two years (2024-2025; 89 FR 32374) and will remain status quo with 
no further action required in 2025. Black sea bass recreational 
management measures were previously only set for 2024 due to a delayed 
stock assessment. This action proposes the recreational management 
measures for only black sea bass and for only the 2025 fishing year.
    Pursuant to the regulations at 50 CFR 648.142(d), NOAA's National 
Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) must implement coastwide measures or 
approve conservation-equivalent measures for black sea bass as soon as 
possible following the Council and Board's recommendation. The Council 
and Board recommend status quo recreational black sea bass measures for 
2025, including the continued use of conservation equivalency, with 
regional measures expected to achieve, but not exceed, the harvest 
target. A status quo approach for 2025 complies with Framework 17 given 
that the 2025 catch and landings limits were not set ``in response to 
updated stock assessment information'' and instead were left unchanged. 
The rationale for leaving the 2025 catch and landings limits unchanged, 
including the recreational harvest limit, is explained in the final 
rule for the 2025 specifications (89 FR 99138; December 10, 2024). 
According to the most recent stock assessment, the biomass of black sea 
bass remains well above the target level and overfishing is not 
occurring. Black sea bass measures are being set for only one year as 
an updated management track assessment is expected to be available 
later this year and will be used to inform specifications and 
recreational measures for 2026 and beyond. Therefore, the Council and 
Board recommended that recreational measures remain unchanged in 2025.

Black Sea Bass Conservation Equivalency

    Under conservation equivalency, Federal recreational measures are 
waived and federally permitted party/charter vessels and all 
recreational vessels fishing in Federal waters are subject to the 
recreational fishing measures implemented by the State in which they 
land. This approach allows for more customized measures at a State or 
regional level that are likely to better meet the needs of anglers in 
each area, compared to coastwide measures that may be advantageous to 
anglers in some areas and unnecessarily restrictive in others. The 
combination of State/regional measures must be ``equivalent'' in terms 
of conservation to a set of ``non-preferred coastwide measures,'' which 
are recommended by the Council and the Board.
    The Council and Board recommend that either state-specific 
recreational measures be developed (i.e., conservation equivalency) or 
that coastwide management measures be implemented. Even when the 
Council and Board recommend conservation equivalency, the Council must 
specify a set of non-preferred coastwide measures that would apply if 
conservation equivalency is not approved for use in Federal waters.
    When conservation equivalency is recommended, and following 
confirmation by the Commission that the proposed State or regional 
measures developed through its technical and policy review processes 
achieve conservation equivalency, NMFS waives the permit condition 
found at 50 CFR 648.4(b) that requires Federal permit holders to comply 
with the more restrictive management measures when State and Federal 
measures differ. In such a situation, federally permitted black sea 
bass charter/party permit holders and individuals fishing for black sea 
bass in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) are subject to the 
recreational fishing measures implemented by the State in which they 
land, rather than the coastwide measures.
    In addition, the Council and the Board must recommend precautionary 
default measures when recommending conservation equivalency. The 
Commission would require adoption of the precautionary default measures 
by any State that either does not submit a management proposal to the 
Commission's Technical Committee or that submits measures that are not 
conservationally equivalent to the coastwide measures.
    The development of conservation-equivalency measures happens both 
at the Commission and individual State or regional level. The selection 
of appropriate data and analytical techniques for technical review of 
potential conservation-equivalent measures, and the process by which 
the Commission evaluates and recommends proposed conservation-
equivalent measures, are wholly a function of the Commission and its 
individual member States. Individuals seeking information regarding the 
process to develop specific State measures, or on the Commission 
process for technical evaluation of proposed measures, should contact 
the marine fisheries agency in the State of interest, the Commission, 
or both.
    Once the States and regions select their final 2025 black sea bass 
management measures through their respective development, analytical, 
and review processes and submit them to the Commission, the Commission 
will conduct further review and evaluation of the submitted proposals. 
The Commission will notify NMFS as to which proposals have been 
approved or disapproved. NMFS has no overarching authority in the 
development of State or Commission management measures but is an equal 
participant along with all the member States in the review process. 
NMFS neither approves nor implements individual States' measures, but 
retains the final authority either to approve or to disapprove the use 
of conservation equivalency in place of the coastwide measures in 
Federal waters. The final combination of State and regional measures 
will be detailed in a letter from the Commission to the Greater 
Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office certifying that the combination of 
State and regional measures has met the conservation objectives under 
Addendum XXXII to the Commission's Interstate FMP. NMFS will publish 
its determination on 2025 conservational equivalency as a final rule in 
the Federal Register following review of the Commission's determination 
and any other public comment on this proposed rule.

2025 Black Sea Bass Recreational Management Measures

    This action proposes the continued adoption of conservation 
equivalency for black sea bass in 2025. The non-preferred coastwide and 
precautionary default measures would be the same in 2025 as they were 
in 2024.
    The non-preferred coastwide measures for 2025 include: (1) a 15-
inch (38.1-cm) minimum size; (2) a 5-fish possession limit; and (3) a 
May 15-September 8 open season. The precautionary default measures 
would be implemented in any State or region that failed to develop 
adequate measures to constrain landings as required by the 
conservation-equivalency guidelines. The precautionary default measures 
in 2025 include: (1) a 16-inch (40.64-cm) minimum size; (2) a 2-fish 
possession limit; and (3) a June 1-August 31 open season.

[[Page 14597]]

Classification

    Pursuant to section 304(b)(1)(A) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, the 
Acting Assistant Administrator has determined that this proposed rule 
is consistent with the Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass FMP, 
other provisions of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, and other applicable law, 
subject to further consideration after public comment.
    Section 304(b) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act (16 U.S.C. 1854(b)) 
requires publication of proposed regulations in the Federal Register 
with a public comment period of 15 to 60 days. NMFS finds that a 15-day 
comment period for this action provides a reasonable opportunity for 
public participation in this action pursuant to Administrative 
Procedure Act section 553(c) (5 U.S.C. 553(c)), while also ensuring 
that the final recreational measures are in place as close to the start 
of State black sea bass fishery seasons in early May 2025, as possible. 
This is a routine action that occurs every year, and stakeholder and 
industry groups have been involved with the development of this action 
and have participated in public meetings throughout their development 
over the past year. A longer comment period here would be contrary to 
the public interest, as it could extend this rulemaking beyond the 
start of the 2025 recreational fishing season, resulting in confusion 
for fishery participants, disadvantage Federal permit holders, and 
create enforcement challenges.
    This proposed rule has been determined to be not significant for 
purposes of Executive Order 12866. This proposed rule is being issued 
in compliance with Executive Order 14192.
    The Chief Counsel for Regulation of the Department of Commerce 
certified to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business 
Administration (SBA) that this proposed rule, if adopted, would not 
have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities. The Council conducted an evaluation of the potential 
socioeconomic impacts of the proposed measures.
    Vessel ownership data \1\ were used to identify all individuals who 
own fishing vessels. Vessels were then grouped according to common 
owners. The resulting groupings were then treated as entities, or 
affiliates, for purposes of identifying small and large businesses that 
may be regulated by this action. A business primarily engaged in 
fishing is classified as a small business if it is independently owned 
and operated, is not dominant in its field of operation (including its 
affiliates) and has combined annual receipts not in excess of $11 
million, for all its affiliated operations worldwide (North American 
Industry Classification System (NAICS) code 487210).
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    \1\ Affiliate data for 2021-2023 were provided by the NMFS 
Northeast Fisheries Science Center Social Sciences Branch. This is 
the latest affiliate data set available for analysis.
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    A total of 490 affiliates had a Federal party/charter permit for 
all permit types, not just black sea bass, during 2021-2023. All 490 
affiliates were categorized as small businesses based on their average 
2021-2023 revenues for any species. It is not possible to determine 
what proportion of their revenues came from fishing for an individual 
species. Nevertheless, given the popularity of black sea bass as a 
recreational species, revenues generated from this species are likely 
important for many of these affiliates at certain times of the year.
    These 490 small businesses had average total annual revenues of 
$119,320 during 2021-2023. Their average revenues from recreational 
for-hire fishing (for a variety of species) were $107,429. Average 
annual revenues from for-hire fishing ranged from less than $10,000 for 
198 affiliates to over $1,000,000 for 11 affiliates. On average, 
recreational fishing accounted for 87 percent of the total revenues for 
these 490 small businesses. The contribution of black sea bass to these 
revenues is unknown.
    For-hire revenues are impacted by a variety of factors, including 
regulations and demand for for-hire trips for black sea bass, and other 
potential target species, as well as weather, the economy, and other 
factors. Given that the State/regional measures for black sea bass are 
expected to remain unchanged from 2024, no impacts from the proposed 
action are expected.
    Based on the analysis provided by the Council, NOAA's National 
Marine Fisheries Service concludes that the 2025 black sea bass 
recreational management measures will not have a significant adverse 
impact on a substantial number of small businesses. As a result, an 
initial regulatory flexibility analysis is not required and none has 
been prepared.
    This proposed rule contains no information collection requirements 
under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995.

    Dated: March 26, 2025.
Samuel D. Rauch III,
Deputy Assistant Administrator for Regulatory Programs, National Marine 
Fisheries Service.

List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 648

    Fisheries, Fishing, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

    For the reasons set out in the preamble, NMFS proposes to amend 50 
CFR part 648 as follows:

PART 648--FISHERIES OF THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES

0
1. The authority citation for part 648 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.

0
2. In Sec.  648.151, revise paragraphs (a) and (b) to read as follows:


Sec.  648.151  Black sea bass conservation equivalency.

    (a) The Regional Administrator has determined that the recreational 
fishing measures proposed to be implemented by the States of Maine 
through North Carolina for 2025 are the conservation equivalent of the 
season, size limits, and possession limit prescribed in Sec. Sec.  
648.146, 648.147(b), and 648.145(a). This determination is based on a 
recommendation from the Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Board 
of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission.
    (1) Federally permitted vessels subject to the recreational fishing 
measures of this part, and other recreational fishing vessels 
harvesting black sea bass in or from the EEZ and subject to the 
recreational fishing measures of this part, landing black sea bass in a 
State whose fishery management measures are determined by the Regional 
Administrator to be conservation equivalent shall not be subject to the 
more restrictive Federal measures, pursuant to the provisions of Sec.  
648.4(b). Those vessels shall be subject to the recreational fishing 
measures implemented by the State in which they land.
    (2) [Reserved]
    (b) Federally permitted vessels subject to the recreational fishing 
measures of this part, and other recreational fishing vessels 
registered in States and subject to the recreational fishing measures 
of this part, whose fishery management measures are not determined by 
the Regional Administrator to be the conservation equivalent of the 
season, size limits and possession limit prescribed in Sec. Sec.  
648.146, 648.147(b), and 648.145(a), respectively, due to the lack of, 
or the reversal of, a conservation-equivalent

[[Page 14598]]

recommendation from the Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Board 
of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission shall be subject to 
the following precautionary default measures: Season--June 1 through 
August 31; minimum size--16 inches (40.64 cm); and possession limit--2 
fish.
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[FR Doc. 2025-05494 Filed 4-2-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-22-P