[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 61 (Tuesday, April 1, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 14386-14390]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-05527]



[[Page 14386]]

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DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

Drug Enforcement Administration


Baijes Bissonnet Pharmacy; Decision and Order

    On December 15, 2023, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA or 
Government) issued an Order to Show Cause (OSC) to Baijes Bissonnet 
Pharmacy of Stafford, Texas (Applicant). Request for Final Agency 
Action (RFAA), Exhibit (RFAAX) 1, at 1, 9. The OSC proposed the denial 
of Applicant's application for DEA registration, Control No. 
W22147152A, alleging that Applicant's registration is inconsistent with 
the public interest. Id. at 1 (citing 21 U.S.C. 823(g)(1)).
    Specifically, the OSC/ISO alleges that ``[Applicant] repeatedly 
filled prescriptions for Schedule II through V controlled substances 
that contained multiple red flags indicative of diversion and/or abuse 
without addressing or resolving those red flags, and [Applicant's 
decision] to fill those prescriptions despite unresolved red flags, . . 
. [violated] federal and Texas law, including 21 CFR 1306.04(a), 
1306.06; Tex. Health & Safety Code sections 481.074(a), 481.128; 22 
Tex. Admin. Code sections 291.33(c)(2)(A)(ii), (iv), 291.29(f).'' RFAAX 
1, at 4.
    The OSC notified Applicant of its right to file with DEA a written 
request for hearing within 30 days after the date of receipt of the 
OSC. Id. at 8 (citing 21 CFR 1301.43(a)). The OSC also notified 
Applicant that if it failed to file such a request, it would be deemed 
to have waived its right to a hearing and be in default. Id. (citing 21 
CFR 1301.43(c) through (e)). The OSC further instructed Applicant that 
a hearing request should be submitted to the DEA Office of 
Administrative Law Judges (OALJ) email inbox.\1\ Id.
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    \1\ Alternatively, the OSC instructed that a hearing request 
could be mailed to the OALJ Hearing Clerk. RFAAX 1, at 8-9; see also 
21 CFR 1316.47, 1321.01. The OSC also informed Applicant that a 
hearing request is filed once it is received by the OALJ Hearing 
Clerk. Id. at 9 (citing 21 CFR 1316.45).
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    On December 19, 2023, a DEA Diversion Investigator personally 
served the OSC on Applicant's owner and pharmacist-in-charge (PIC).\2\ 
RFAAX 2, at 2. Based on this date of service, the deadline for filing a 
hearing request was January 18, 2024. RFAAX 1, at 8; see also 21 CFR 
1301.37(d)(1), 1301.43(a). The day before the filing deadline, January 
17, 2024, Applicant mailed a hearing request letter through the U.S. 
Postal Service (USPS). RFAAX 3, at 5.\3\ Contrary to the OSC's clear 
instructions to send mail to the OALJ Hearing Clerk at the specific 
address listed in the OSC, Applicant addressed the letter to the DEA 
Hearing Facility in Arlington, Virginia, a building that does not 
accept mail. RFAA, at 4; RFAAX 3, at 5. Because Applicant sent the 
hearing request to the wrong address, it was returned to Applicant 
without ever being received by the OALJ Hearing Clerk. RFAA, at 4; 
RFAAX 3, at 6.
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    \2\ Applicant's owner/PIC signed a Form DEA-12 acknowledging 
receipt of the OSC on December 19, 2023. RFAAX 2, Attachment 1, at 
1.
    \3\ The USPS receipt indicates that the expected delivery date 
was January 22, 2024, four days after the 30-day deadline for 
requesting a hearing. Id.
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    On February 29, 2024, Applicant sent a second hearing request 
letter through USPS, which was delivered on March 4, 2024, nearly two 
months after the deadline for filing a hearing request had passed. 
RFAA, at 3; RFAAX 3, at 1; RFAAX 4, at 1. Although Applicant mailed its 
second hearing request letter to the correct mailing address, Applicant 
addressed the letter to the wrong DEA office, specifically the Office 
of Chief Counsel (CC). RFAA, at 3, 5; RFAAX 3, at 1. The second hearing 
request was also never received by the OALJ Hearing Clerk. Id.
    To summarize, the OSC, which was personally served on Applicant's 
owner/PIC, contained clear instructions detailing how to file a hearing 
request, where to send the hearing request, and the deadline for doing 
so. Nonetheless, Applicant mailed its first hearing request letter to 
the wrong mailing address and wrong recipient. Even if Applicant's 
first hearing request letter had been sent to the correct mailing 
address, it likely would have been received, and therefore filed, 
several days after the filing deadline. Further, although Applicant 
mailed a second hearing request letter to the DEA mailing address, 
Applicant again failed to address it to the OALJ Hearing Clerk as 
instructed by the OSC. The second hearing request letter was sent 
nearly a month and a half after the filing deadline.
    To date, Applicant has not filed a hearing request with the OALJ 
Hearing Clerk, has not provided good cause for its failure to timely 
request a hearing,\4\ and has not filed a motion to excuse the default 
with the Office of the Administrator.\5\ 21 CFR 1301.43(c)(1). 
Accordingly, the Agency finds that Applicant is in default.
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    \4\ In its second letter, Applicant acknowledged that the first 
letter was returned by USPS because it used the incorrect mailing 
address. RFAAX 3, at 4. Under these facts, using the incorrect 
address does not constitute good cause for failing to timely file a 
hearing request, especially when the OSC clearly informed Applicant 
to send hearing requests to the OALJ email inbox or the ``Hearing 
Clerk, [OALJ, DEA], 8701 Morrissette Drive, Springfield, VA 22152''; 
moreover, the hearing request was projected to be untimely even had 
it been addressed correctly. RFAAX 1, at 8-9; RFAAX 3, at 5; 21 CFR 
1316.45; see also Keith Ky Ly, D.O., 80 FR 29025, 29028 (2015) 
(finding good cause was not shown where a registrant mailed a 
hearing request to the incorrect address).
    \5\ A party found in default may file a motion showing good 
cause to set aside the default no later than 30 days from the date 
of issuance of a final order. 21 CFR 1301.43(f)(3). Such motion must 
be filed with the Office of the Administrator, Drug Enforcement 
Administration, at [email protected].
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    ``A default, unless excused, shall be deemed to constitute a waiver 
of the [applicant's] right to a hearing and an admission of the factual 
allegations of the [OSC].'' 21 CFR 1301.43(e). Further, ``[i]n the 
event that [an applicant] . . . is deemed to be in default . . . DEA 
may then file a request for final agency action with the Administrator, 
along with a record to support its request. In such circumstances, the 
Administrator may enter a default final order pursuant to [21 CFR] 
Sec.  1316.67.'' 21 CFR 1301.43(f)(1). Here, the Government has 
requested final agency action based on Applicant's default pursuant to 
21 CFR 1301.43(d), (e), (f)(1), 1301.46. RFAA, at 1; see also 21 CFR 
1316.67.

I. Applicable Law

    As already discussed, the OSC/ISO alleges that Applicant violated 
multiple provisions of the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) and its 
implementing regulations. As the Supreme Court stated in Gonzales v. 
Raich, ``the main objectives of the CSA were to conquer drug abuse and 
to control the legitimate and illegitimate traffic in controlled 
substances. . . . To effectuate these goals, Congress devised a closed 
regulatory system making it unlawful to . . . dispense[ ] or possess 
any controlled substance except in a manner authorized by the CSA.'' 
545 U.S. 1, at 12-13 (2005). In maintaining this closed regulatory 
system, ``[t]he CSA and its implementing regulations set forth strict 
requirements regarding registration, . . . drug security, and 
recordkeeping.'' Id. at 14.
    The OSC/ISO's allegations concern the CSA's ``statutory and 
regulatory provisions . . . mandating . . . compliance with . . . 
prescription requirements'' and, therefore, go to the heart of the 
CSA's ``closed regulatory system'' specifically designed ``to conquer 
drug abuse and to control the legitimate and illegitimate traffic in 
controlled substances,'' and ``to prevent the diversion of drugs from 
legitimate to illicit channels.'' Id. at 12-14, 27.

[[Page 14387]]

The Allegation That Applicant Filled Prescriptions Without Addressing 
or Resolving Red Flags of Abuse and/or Diversion

    According to the CSA's implementing regulations, a lawful 
prescription for controlled substances is one that is ``issued for a 
legitimate medical purpose by an individual practitioner acting in the 
usual course of his professional practice.'' 21 CFR 1306.04(a); see 
Gonzales v. Oregon, 546 U.S. 243, 274 (2006), United States v. Hayes, 
595 F.2d 258 (5th Cir. 1979), rehearing den., 598 F.2d 620 (5th Cir. 
1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 866 (1979); RFAAX 1, at 2. Although 
``[t]he responsibility for the proper prescribing and dispensing of 
controlled substances is upon the prescribing practitioner . . . a 
corresponding responsibility rests with the pharmacist who fills the 
prescription.'' 21 CFR 1306.04(a); United States v. Moore, 423 U.S. 
122, 136 n.12 (1975); United States v. Armstrong, 550 F.3d 382, 387 n.6 
(5th Cir. 2008); RFAAX 1, at 2. The corresponding responsibility 
requires ``pharmacists to identify and resolve suspicions that a 
prescription is illegitimate . . . before `knowingly filling such a 
purported prescription.' '' Trinity Pharmacy II, 83 FR 7304, 7331 
(2018); RFAAX 1, at 2; see also Suntree Pharmacy and Suntree Medical 
Equipment, LLC v. Drug Enf't Agency, 2022 WL 444,357, *6 (11th Cir.) 
(upholding the Agency's revocation order, which was ``[b]ased on [the] 
finding that Suntree violated its corresponding responsibility by 
filling prescriptions for controlled substances without resolving 
obvious red flags that the prescriptions lacked a legitimate medical 
purpose''). A respondent pharmacy ``fail[s] to comply with its 
corresponding responsibility not to fill prescriptions written for 
illegitimate purposes'' when it fails to ``tak[e] and document[ ] steps 
to resolve . . . red flags or refus[e] to fill prescriptions with 
unresolvable red flags.'' Pharmacy Doctors Enterprises Inc., d.b.a. 
Zion Clinic Pharmacy, 789 F. App'x 724, 731 (11th Cir. 2020). DEA 
regulations further require that a ``prescription for a controlled 
substance may only be filled by a pharmacist, acting in the usual 
course of his [or her] professional practice.'' 21 CFR 1306.06; RFAAX 
1, at 2.
    As for state law, Texas regulations have a similar requirement that 
pharmacists ensure that controlled substance prescriptions are ``issued 
for a legitimate medical purpose by a practitioner in the course of 
medical practice.'' 22 Tex. Admin. Code section 291.29(b); RFAAX 1, at 
2, 4; see also Tex. Health & Safety Code sections 481.074(a), 
481.128(a)(1). If the pharmacist observes any problem that raises 
doubts about the legitimacy of a prescription, the pharmacist must 
``verify the order with the practitioner prior to dispensing.'' Id. 
section 291.29(a); RFAAX 1, at 4.
    Texas regulations set forth various ``red flag factors'' that a 
pharmacist must consider in preventing the non-therapeutic dispensing 
of controlled substances. 22 Tex. Admin. Code section 291.29(f); RFAAX 
1, at 3. Pharmacists should consider these red flags ``by evaluating 
the totality of the circumstances rather than any single factor.'' 22 
Tex. Admin. Code section 291.29(f). These red flags include instances 
where:

    (f)(1) ``the pharmacy dispenses a reasonably discernible pattern 
of substantially identical prescriptions for the same controlled 
substances . . . ,''
    (f)(3) ``prescriptions by a prescriber presented to the pharmacy 
are routinely for controlled substances commonly known to be abused 
drugs, including opioids, benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, 
psychostimulants, and/or cough syrups containing codeine, or any 
combination of these drugs,''
    (f)(10) ``the Texas Prescription Monitoring Program indicates 
the person presenting the prescriptions is obtaining similar drugs 
from multiple practitioners, and/or that the persons [sic] is being 
dispensed similar drugs at multiple pharmacies,'' and
    (f)(12) ``persons consistently pay for controlled substance 
prescriptions with cash or cash equivalents more often than through 
insurance.''

    RFAAX 1, at 2-3, 5-7. In addition to evaluating these red flag 
factors, a Texas pharmacist may not fill a prescription when a 
pharmacist has reason to believe that a prescription is inaccurate, 
inauthentic, or not issued for a legitimate medical purpose. See 22 
Tex. Admin. Code section 291.29(a), (b).
    Texas regulations further require pharmacists to ``review the 
patient's medication record'' to ensure the ``therapeutic 
appropriateness'' of the prescription, and if a problem is observed, 
the pharmacist must ``avoid or resolve the problem including 
consultation with the prescribing practitioner.'' 22 Tex. Admin. Code 
sections 291.33(c)(2)(A)(i)-(ii); RFAAX 1, at 2-3. A pharmacist must 
resolve all problems raised by a prescription before dispensing it and 
must document how the problem was resolved. Id. section 
291.33(c)(2)(A)(iv); RFAAX 1, at 3; see also section 291.33(c)(2)(C) 
(outlining the information that such documentation must include).

II. Findings of Fact

The Allegation That Applicant Filled Prescriptions Without Addressing 
or Resolving Red Flags of Abuse and/or Diversion

    The Agency finds that, in light of Applicant's default, the factual 
allegations in the OSC are deemed admitted. 21 CFR 1301.43(e). 
Accordingly, Applicant is deemed to have admitted and the Agency finds 
that Applicant repeatedly dispensed prescriptions in violation of the 
minimum practice standards that govern pharmacy practice in Texas. 
RFAAX 1, at 4-8. Specifically, from at least March 2021 through August 
2022, Applicant repeatedly filled prescriptions for controlled 
substances that raised multiple red flags of abuse and/or diversion 
without addressing or resolving the red flags.\6\ Id.
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    \6\ Applicant's misconduct which forms the basis of the OSC, and 
which Applicant is deemed to have admitted, occurred under 
Applicant's prior DEA registration, which Applicant surrendered for 
cause on August 25, 2022. Id.
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A. Pattern Prescribing
    As discussed above, see supra Section I, Texas regulations identify 
the following prescribing patterns as red flag factors: ``the pharmacy 
dispenses a reasonably discernible pattern of substantially identical 
prescriptions for the same controlled substances . . . ,'', and ``the 
Texas Prescription Monitoring Program indicates the person presenting 
the prescriptions is obtaining similar drugs from multiple 
practitioners, and/or that the persons [sic] is being dispensed similar 
drugs at multiple pharmacies.'' 22 Tex. Admin. Code sections 
291.29(f)(1), (f)(10). RFAAX 1, at 5.
    Applicant is deemed to have admitted that Applicant failed to 
identify and resolve the red flag of pattern prescribing which is 
indicative of a lack of individualized care for patients. RFAAX 1, at 
3, 5. Applicant admits that ``prescriptions dispensed for seven 
patients were essentially identical prescriptions issued by the same 
prescriber and/or similar drugs from multiple practitioners.'' Id. at 
5. Specifically, Applicant admits that he dispensed the following: six 
essentially identical prescriptions to J.F. for hydrocodone-
acetaminophen 10/325 mg (a Schedule II opioid) and carisoprodol 350 mg 
(a Schedule IV muscle relaxant) issued by Drs. B.N. and A.N.; three 
essentially identical prescriptions to P.R. for oxycodone 30 mg (a 
Schedule II opioid) issued by Drs. B.N. and A.N.; five essentially 
identical prescriptions to M.R.S. for oxycodone 30 mg issued

[[Page 14388]]

by Drs. B.N., A.P., and D.F.; seven essentially identical prescriptions 
for hydrocodone-acetaminophen 10/325 mg and five essentially identical 
prescriptions for carisoprodol 350 mg to M.S. issued by Drs. A.P., 
J.A., M.A., and E.P.; seven essentially identical prescriptions to J.V. 
for oxycodone 30 mg issued by Drs. A.N., B.N., A.P., and D.F.; and nine 
essentially identical prescriptions to C.W. for oxycodone 30 mg issued 
by Drs. A.N., B.N., A.P., and D.F. Id.
    Accordingly, the Agency finds substantial record evidence that 
Applicant filled 42 prescriptions to six individuals without first 
resolving the prescriptions' red flag of pattern prescribing. Id.
B. Cash Payments
    Texas regulations identify the following prescribing pattern as a 
red flag factor: ``[P]ersons consistently pay for controlled substance 
prescriptions with cash or cash equivalents more often than through 
insurance.'' 22 Tex. Admin. Code section 291.29(f)(12); RFAAX 1, at 5-
6.
    Applicant is deemed to have admitted that it failed to identify and 
resolve the red flag of cash payments for controlled substances, which 
is a common red flag because it allows a patient to avoid the scrutiny 
associated with the use of insurance. RFAAX 1, at 5-6. Specifically, 
from at least March 9, 2021, to June 22, 2022, Applicant accepted cash 
payments for 492 out of 575 total controlled substance prescriptions 
(85% of controlled substance prescriptions). Id. at 6.
    Accordingly, the Agency finds substantial record evidence that 
Applicant filled 492 prescriptions without resolving the red flag of 
cash payments for controlled substance prescriptions. Id.
C. Long Distances
    Applicant is deemed to have admitted that it repeatedly filled 
controlled substance prescriptions without identifying and resolving 
the red flag of patients traveling long distances to obtain or fill the 
prescriptions.\7\ Id. at 6-7. Specifically, Applicant is deemed to have 
admitted that it filled prescriptions for at least four individuals, 
B.H. (two prescriptions), B.M. (two prescriptions), P.R. (three 
prescriptions), and C.Y. (three prescriptions), who each traveled over 
100 miles one way from their listed address to Applicant's location to 
purchase controlled substances prescriptions with cash. Id. at 7.
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    \7\ Though long distances are not specifically mentioned in the 
Texas regulations as a red flag factor, the OSC notes that ``DEA has 
found that traveling long distances to obtain or fill controlled 
substance prescriptions is a well-known red flag of abuse or 
diversion.'' RFAAX 1, at 6 (citing, e.g., E. Main St. Pharmacy, 75 
FR 66149, 66164 (2010) (finding that ``the fact that the patients 
were driving so far to get their prescriptions filled `would be a 
major red flag to any pharmacist' '').
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    Accordingly, the Agency finds substantial record evidence that 
Applicant filled these ten controlled substance prescriptions without 
first resolving the red flag of patients traveling long distance to 
obtain their prescriptions. Id. Additionally, Applicant is deemed to 
have admitted, and the Agency finds substantial record evidence, that 
Applicant filled these prescriptions outside the usual course of 
professional practice. Id.
D. Drug Cocktails
    Texas regulations identify the following prescribing pattern as a 
red flag factor: ``[P]rescriptions by a prescriber presented to the 
pharmacy are routinely for controlled substances commonly known to be 
abused drugs, including opioids, benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, 
psychostimulants, and/or cough syrups containing codeine, or any 
combination of these drugs.'' 22 Tex. Admin. Code section 291.29(f)(3); 
RFAAX 1, at 7.
    Applicant is deemed to have admitted that it repeatedly filled 
controlled substance prescriptions without identifying and resolving 
the red flag of drug cocktails. RFAAX 1, at 7. Specifically, Applicant 
is deemed to have admitted that on approximately nine occasions, 
Applicant dispensed a drug cocktail containing an opioid (hydrocodone-
acetaminophen) and a muscle relaxant (carisoprodol) to seven patients: 
J.F., B.H., B.M., P.R., L.S., M.S., and C.Y. Id.
    Accordingly, the Agency finds substantial record evidence that 
Applicant filled these nine prescriptions without first resolving the 
red flag of drug cocktails. Id.
E. Other Red Flags \8\
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    \8\ Although the OSC refers to the following alleged conduct as 
``Other Red Flags,'' these forms of alleged conduct are not 
specifically listed in the Texas regulations as red flags under 22 
Texas Administrative Code section 291.29(f). Instead, the following 
alleged conduct constitutes violations of 22 Texas Administrative 
Code section 291.29(a)-(b).
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    A Texas pharmacist may not fill a prescription when the pharmacist 
has reason to believe that a prescription is inaccurate, inauthentic, 
or not issued for a legitimate medical purpose. See 22 Tex. Admin. Code 
section 291.29(a), (b); RFAAX 1, at 7-8. Applicant is deemed to have 
admitted that it repeatedly filled controlled substance prescriptions 
when it had reason to doubt the accuracy or legitimacy of multiple 
prescriptions. RFAAX 1, at 7.
    Specifically, Applicant admits that it ``had reason to doubt the 
accuracy or legitimacy of several prescriptions when the patients who 
were receiving controlled substances for chronic pain had several late 
fills.'' Id. On six occasions from September 23, 2021, to January 25, 
2022, Applicant filled for J.F. multiple controlled substances 
prescriptions 35 or more days after the prescriptions were written. Id. 
at 8. On multiple occasions from May 12, 2021, to May 5, 2022, 
Applicant filled for L.S. multiple controlled substances prescriptions 
30 or more days after the prescriptions were written. Id. Finally, on 
multiple occasions from October 15, 2021, to August 4, 2022, Applicant 
filled for J.V. multiple controlled substances prescriptions 30 or more 
days after the prescriptions were written. Id.
    Accordingly, the Agency finds substantial record evidence that 
Applicant filled multiple prescriptions for three patients even though 
it had reason to doubt their accuracy or legitimacy. Id. at 7-8.
F. Expert Review
    DEA retained an independent pharmacy expert who concluded that the 
above prescription data presented multiple red flags that were highly 
indicative of abuse and diversion. Id. at 8. Applicant is deemed to 
have admitted that ``these red flags were not resolved by a pharmacist 
acting in the usual course of professional practice prior to 
dispensing, and, therefore, that each prescription was filled outside 
the standard of care of pharmacy practice in Texas.'' Id.
    Accordingly the Agency finds substantial record evidence that 
Applicant dispensed the above-referenced prescriptions without first 
resolving the red flags of pattern prescribing, cash payments, long 
distances, and/or drug cocktails, or when it had reason to doubt the 
accuracy or legitimacy of the prescriptions. The Agency further finds 
substantial record evidence that Applicant's dispensing of these 
prescriptions was outside the usual course of professional practice.

III. Discussion

A. The Five Public Interest Factors
    Under Section 304 of the CSA, ``[a] registration . . . to . . . 
distribute[ ] or dispense a controlled substance . . . may be suspended 
or revoked by the Attorney General upon a finding that the registrant . 
. . has committed such

[[Page 14389]]

acts as would render his registration under . . . [21 U.S.C. 823] 
inconsistent with the public interest as determined by such section.'' 
21 U.S.C. 824(a)(4). In the case of a ``practitioner,'' which is 
defined in 21 U.S.C. 802(21) to include a ``pharmacy,'' Congress 
directed the Attorney General to consider five factors in making the 
public interest determination. 21 U.S.C. 823(g)(1)(A-E).\9\ The five 
factors are considered in the disjunctive. Gonzales v. Oregon, 546 U.S. 
at 292-93 (2006) (Scalia, J., dissenting) (``It is well established 
that these factors are to be considered in the disjunctive,'' citing In 
re Arora, 60 FR 4447, 4448 (1995)); Robert A. Leslie, M.D., 68 FR 
15227, 15230 (2003). Each factor is weighed on a case-by-case basis. 
Morall v. Drug Enf't Admin., 412 F.3d 165, 173-74 (D.C. Cir. 2005). Any 
one factor, or combination of factors, may be decisive. Penick Corp. v. 
Drug Enf't Admin., 491 F.3d 483, 490 (D.C. Cir. 2007); Morall, 412 
F.3d. at n.2; David H. Gillis, M.D., 58 FR 37507, 37508 (1993).
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    \9\ The five factors of 21 U.S.C. 823(g)(1)(A-E) are: (A) The 
recommendation of the appropriate State licensing board or 
professional disciplinary authority. (B) The applicant's experience 
in dispensing, or conducting research with respect to controlled 
substances. (C) The applicant's conviction record under Federal or 
State laws relating to the manufacture, distribution, or dispensing 
of controlled substances. (D) Compliance with applicable State, 
Federal, or local laws relating to controlled substances. (E) Such 
other conduct which may threaten the public health and safety.
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    In this matter, while all of the 21 U.S.C. 823(g)(1) factors have 
been considered, the Agency finds that the Government's evidence in 
support of its prima facie case is confined to Factors B and D.\10\ See 
RFAAX 1, at 4. Moreover, the Government has the burden of proof in this 
proceeding. 21 CFR 1301.44.
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    \10\ The Agency need not adjudicate the criminal violations 
alleged in the instant OSC. Ruan v. United States, 597 U.S. 450 
(2022) (decided in the context of criminal proceedings).
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    Here, the Agency finds that the Government's evidence satisfies its 
prima facie burden of showing that Applicant's registration would be 
``inconsistent with the public interest.'' 21 U.S.C. 823(g)(1).
B. Allegation That Applicant's Registration Is Inconsistent With the 
Public Interest

Factors B and/or D--Applicant's Experience in Dispensing Controlled 
Substances and Compliance With Applicable Laws Related to Controlled 
Substances

    Evidence is considered under Public Interest Factors B and D when 
it reflects compliance or non-compliance with federal and local laws 
related to controlled substances and experience dispensing controlled 
substances. 21 U.S.C. 823(g)(1)(B) and (D); see also Kareem Hubbard, 
M.D., 87 FR 21156, 21162 (2022). Here, as found above, Applicant is 
deemed to have admitted and the Agency finds that Applicant repeatedly 
filled prescriptions for controlled substances that contained red flags 
of abuse and/or diversion without addressing or resolving those red 
flags. RFAAX 1, at 4-8. DEA's independent pharmacy expert concluded 
that these red flags were highly indicative of abuse and diversion. Id. 
at 8. Applicant has further admitted that none of the above-referenced 
controlled substance prescriptions were filled for a legitimate medical 
purpose in the usual course of professional practice. Id.
    As such, the Agency finds substantial record evidence that the 
Government established a prima facie case that Applicant violated 21 
CFR 1306.04, 1306.06; 22 Texas Administrative Code sections 291.29, 
291.33; and Texas Health & Safety Code sections 481.074, 481.128. The 
Agency further finds that Factors B and D weigh in favor of denial of 
Applicant's application and that Applicant's registration would be 
inconsistent with the public interest in balancing the factors of 21 
U.S.C. 823(g)(1). Accordingly, the Agency finds that the Government 
established a prima facie case, that Applicant did not rebut that prima 
facie case, and that there is substantial record evidence supporting 
the denial of Applicant's application. 21 U.S.C. 823(g)(1).

IV. Sanction

    Where, as here, the Government has met its prima facie burden of 
showing that Applicant's registration is inconsistent with the public 
interest due to its numerous violations pertaining to controlled 
substances, the burden shifts to Applicant to show why it can be 
entrusted with a registration. Morall, 412 F.3d. at 174; Jones Total 
Health Care Pharmacy, 881 F.3d 823, 830 (11th Cir. 2018); Garrett 
Howard Smith, M.D., 83 FR 18882 (2018). The issue of trust is 
necessarily a fact-dependent determination based on the circumstances 
presented by the individual resgistrant. Jeffrey Stein, M.D., 84 FR 
46968, 46972 (2019); see also Jones Total Health Care Pharmacy, 881 
F.3d at 833. Moreover, as past performance is the best predictor of 
future performance, DEA Administrators have required that a registrant 
who has committed acts inconsistent with the public interest must 
accept responsibility for those acts and demonstrate that it will not 
engage in future misconduct. Jones Total Health Care Pharmacy, 881 F.3d 
at 833. A registrant's acceptance of responsibility must be 
unequivocal. Id. at 830-31. In addition, a registrant's candor during 
the investigation and hearing has been an important factor in 
determining acceptance of responsibility and the appropriate sanction. 
Id. Further, DEA Administrators have found that the egregiousness and 
extent of the misconduct are significant factors in determining the 
appropriate sanction. Id. at 834 and n.4. DEA Administrators have also 
considered the need to deter similar acts by the specific registrant 
and by the community of registrants. Jeffrey Stein, M.D., 84 FR 46972-
73.
    Here, Applicant did not timely or properly request a hearing and 
was deemed to be in default. 21 CFR 1301.43(c)(1), (e), (f)(1); RFAA, 
at 1-9. To date, Applicant has not filed a motion with the Office of 
the Administrator to excuse the default. 21 CFR 1301.43(c)(1). 
Applicant has thus failed to answer the allegations contained in the 
OSC and has not otherwise availed itself of the opportunity to refute 
the Government's case. As such, Applicant has made no representations 
as to its future compliance with the CSA nor made any demonstration 
that it can be entrusted with registration. Moreover, the evidence 
presented by the Government shows that Applicant violated the CSA, 
further indicating that Applicant cannot be entrusted.
    Accordingly, the Agency will order the denial of Applicant's 
application.

Order

    Pursuant to 28 CFR 0.100(b) and the authority vested in me by 21 
U.S.C. 823(g)(1), I hereby deny the pending application for a DEA 
Certificate of Registration, Control No. W22147152A, submitted by 
Baijes Bissonnet Pharmacy, as well as any other pending application of 
Baijes Bissonnet Pharmacy for additional registration in Texas. This 
Order is effective May 1, 2025.

Signing Authority

    This document of the Drug Enforcement Administration was signed on 
March 25, 2025, by Acting Administrator Derek Maltz. That document with 
the original signature and date is maintained by DEA. For 
administrative purposes only, and in compliance with requirements of 
the Office of the Federal Register, the undersigned DEA Federal 
Register Liaison Officer has been authorized to sign and submit the 
document in

[[Page 14390]]

electronic format for publication, as an official document of DEA. This 
administrative process in no way alters the legal effect of this 
document upon publication in the Federal Register.

Heather Achbach,
Federal Register Liaison Officer, Drug Enforcement Administration.
[FR Doc. 2025-05527 Filed 3-31-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4410-09-P