[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 48 (Thursday, March 13, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 12016-12029]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-03968]
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-102539; File No. SR-NASDAQ-2025-019]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC;
Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change To List and Trade Shares of
the Grayscale Polkadot Trust Under Nasdaq Rule 5711(d)
March 7, 2025.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that
on February 24, 2025, The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (``Nasdaq'' or
``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(``SEC'' or ``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in
Items I and II below, which Items have been prepared by the Exchange.
The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the
proposed rule change from interested persons.
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\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to list and trade shares of the Grayscale
Polkadot Trust (DOT) (the ``Trust'') under Nasdaq Rule 5711(d)
(``Commodity-Based Trust Shares''). The shares of the Trust are
referred to herein as the ``Shares.''
The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's
website at https://listingcenter.nasdaq.com/rulebook/nasdaq/rulefilings, at the principal office of the Exchange, and at the
Commission's Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in
sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and the
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to list and trade the Shares \3\ under Nasdaq
Rule 5711(d), which governs the listing and trading of Commodity-Based
Trust Shares on the Exchange.\4\ The sponsors of the Trust are
Grayscale Operating, LLC and Grayscale Investments Sponsors, LLC (each,
a ``Sponsor'' and, collectively, the ``Sponsors''), each a Delaware
limited liability company.\5\ The Sponsors are indirect wholly owned
subsidiaries of Digital Currency Group, Inc. (``Digital Currency
Group''). The trustee for the Trust is CSC Delaware Trust Company
(``Trustee''). The custodian for the Trust is Coinbase Custody Trust
Company, LLC (``Custodian''). The administrator and transfer agent of
the Trust is expected to be BNY Mellon Asset Servicing, a division of
The Bank of New York Mellon (the ``Transfer Agent''). The distribution
and marketing agent for the Trust is expected to be Foreside Fund
Services, LLC (the ``Marketing Agent''). The index provider for the
Trust is CoinDesk Indices, Inc. (the ``Index Provider'').
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\3\ The Shares are expected to be listed under the ticker symbol
``DOT''
\4\ The Commission approved Nasdaq Rule 5711 in Securities
Exchange Act Release No. 66648 (March 23, 2012), 77 FR 19428 (March
30, 2012) (SR-NASDAQ-2012-013).
\5\ As of May 3, 2025, Grayscale Operating, LLC will cease to
act as Sponsor of the Trust and Grayscale Investment Sponsors, LLC
will be sole Sponsor of the Trust.
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The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust, formed on January 27,
2021, that operates pursuant to a trust agreement between the Sponsor
and the Trustee (``Trust Agreement'').
Operation of the Trust
According to the prospectus the Trust intends to file (the
``Prospectus''), the Trust's assets consist solely of DOT tokens, the
native token of the Polkadot Network (as defined below) (``DOT'').
Each Share represents a proportional interest, based on the total
number of Shares outstanding, in the Trust's assets as determined by
reference to the Index Price,\6\ less the Trust's expenses and other
liabilities (which include accrued but unpaid fees and expenses). The
Sponsors expect that the market price of the Shares will fluctuate over
time in response to the market prices of DOT. In addition, because the
Shares reflect the estimated accrued but unpaid expenses of the Trust,
the number of DOT represented by a Share will gradually decrease over
time as the Trust's DOT are used to pay the Trust's expenses.
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\6\ The ``Index Price'' means the U.S. dollar value of DOT
derived from the Digital Asset Trading Platforms (as defined below)
that are reflected in the CoinDesk DOT CCIXber Reference Rate (the
``Index''), calculated at 4:00 p.m., New York time, on each business
day.
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The activities of the Trust are limited to (i) issuing ``Baskets''
(as defined below) in exchange for DOT transferred to the Trust as
consideration in connection with creations, (ii) transferring or
selling DOT as necessary to cover the ``Sponsor's Fee'' \7\ and/or
certain Trust expenses, (iii) transferring DOT in exchange for Baskets
surrendered for redemption (subject to obtaining regulatory approval
from the Commission and approval of the Sponsor), (iv) causing the
Sponsor to sell DOT on the termination of the Trust, and (v) engaging
in all administrative and security procedures necessary to accomplish
such activities in accordance with the provisions of the Trust
Agreement, the Custodian Agreement, the Index License
[[Page 12017]]
Agreement, and the Participant Agreements (each as defined below).
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\7\ The Sponsor's Fee means a fee, payable in DOT, which will
daily in U.S. dollars at an annual rate of a to-be-determined
percentage of the NAV Fee Basis Amount of the Trust as of 4:00 p.m.,
New York time, on each day, provided that for a day that is not a
business day, the calculation of the Sponsor's Fee will be based on
the NAV Fee Basis Amount from the most recent business day, reduced
by the accrued and unpaid Sponsor's Fee for such most recent
business day and for each day after such most recent business day
and prior to the relevant calculation date. The ``NAV Fee Basis
Amount'' is calculated in the manner set forth under ``Valuation of
DOT and Determination of NAV'' below.
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The Trust will not be actively managed. It will not engage in any
activities designed to obtain a profit from, or to ameliorate losses
caused by, changes in the market prices of DOT.
The Trust is not a registered investment company under the
Investment Company Act and the Sponsors believe that the Trust is not
required to register under the Investment Company Act.
Investment Objective
According to the Prospectus, and as further described below, the
Trust's investment objective is for the value of the Shares (based on
DOT per Share) to reflect the value of the DOT held by the Trust,
determined by reference to the Index Price, less the Trust's expenses
and other liabilities. While an investment in the Shares is not a
direct investment in DOT, the Shares are designed to provide investors
with a cost-effective and convenient way to gain investment exposure to
DOT. Generally speaking, a substantial direct investment in DOT may
require expensive and sometimes complicated arrangements in connection
with the acquisition, security and safekeeping of the DOT and may
involve the payment of substantial fees to acquire such DOT from third-
party facilitators through cash payments of U.S. dollars. Because the
value of the Shares is correlated with the value of DOT held by the
Trust, it is important to understand the investment attributes of, and
the market for, DOT.
The Trust uses the Index Price to calculate its ``NAV,'' which is
the aggregate value, expressed in U.S. dollars, of the Trust's assets
(other than U.S. dollars or other fiat currency), less the U.S. dollar
value of the Trust's expenses and other liabilities calculated in the
manner set forth under ``Valuation of DOT and Determination of NAV.''
``NAV per Share'' is calculated by dividing NAV by the number of Shares
then outstanding.
Valuation of DOT and Determination of NAV
The following is a description of the material terms of the Trust
Agreement as they relate to valuation of the Trust's DOT and the NAV
calculations.
On each business day at 4:00 p.m., New York time, or as soon
thereafter as practicable (the ``Evaluation Time''), the Sponsor will
evaluate the DOT held by the Trust and calculate and publish the NAV of
the Trust. To calculate the NAV, the Sponsor will:
1. Determine the Index Price as of such business day.
2. Multiply the Index Price by the Trust's aggregate number of DOT
owned by the Trust as of 4:00 p.m., New York time, on the immediately
preceding day, less the aggregate number of DOT payable as the accrued
and unpaid Sponsor's Fee as of 4:00 p.m., New York time, on the
immediately preceding day.
3. Add the U.S. dollar value of DOT, calculated using the Index
Price, receivable under pending creation orders, if any, determined by
multiplying the number of the Baskets represented by such creation
orders by the Basket Amount and then multiplying such product by the
Index Price.\8\
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\8\ ``Baskets'' and ``Basket Amount'' have the meanings set
forth in ``Creation and Redemption of Shares'' below.
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4. Subtract the U.S. dollar amount of accrued and unpaid Additional
Trust Expenses, if any.\9\
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\9\ A ``Digital Asset Market'' is a ``Brokered Market,''
``Dealer Market,'' ``Principal-to-Principal Market'' or ``Exchange
Market,'' as each such term is defined in the Financial Accounting
Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Master Glossary.
The ``Digital Asset Trading Platform Market'' is the global trading
platform market for the trading of DOT, which consists of
transactions on electronic Digital Asset Trading Platforms. A
``Digital Asset Trading Platform'' is an electronic marketplace
where trading participants may trade, buy and sell DOT based on bid-
ask trading. The largest Digital Asset Trading Platforms are online
and typically trade on a 24-hour basis, publishing transaction price
and volume data.
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5. Subtract the U.S. dollar value of the DOT, calculated using the
Index Price, to be distributed under pending redemption orders, if any,
determined by multiplying the number of Baskets to be redeemed
represented by such redemption orders by the Basket Amount and then
multiplying such product by the Index Price (the amount derived from
steps 1 through 5 above, the ``NAV Fee Basis Amount'').
6. Subtract the U.S. dollar amount of the Sponsor's Fee that
accrues for such business day, as calculated based on the NAV Fee Basis
Amount for such business day.
In the event that the Sponsor determines that the primary
methodology used to determine the Index Price is not an appropriate
basis for valuation of the Trust's DOT, the Sponsor will utilize the
cascading set of rules as described in ``Determination of the Index
Price When Index Price is Unavailable'' below.
DOT and the Polkadot Network
According to the Prospectus, DOT is a digital asset that is created
and transmitted through the operations of the ``Polkadot Network,'' an
online, decentralized, distributed computing platform that operates on
a peer-to-peer basis. The Polkadot Network uses a heterogeneous multi-
chain to ensure the secure transfer and authenticity of each DOT and
hosts the public transaction ledger. This central chain is known as the
Relay Chain (the ``Relay Chain'') on which all DOT is recorded. The
Relay Chain is a decentralized digital file, or ledger, that contains
all the records of DOT and is stored in multiple copies globally on the
computers of users of the Polkadot Network. DOT is mainly used for the
functional mechanisms of the Polkadot Network, including governance of
updates, staking for network operations, as the gas token of the
network and bonding for Parachains to secure a spot on the Relay Chain
(see Technology and Operation, below). Unlike bitcoin, there is no
maximum amount of DOT that may be outstanding. DOT is divisible to up
to ten decimal places into shares named ``Plancks.''
DOT is ``stored'' on a blockchain and is linked to a unique digital
address, or wallet, that is associated with a public key and a private
key. The public key is used to generate the address that is available
to other users of the Polkadot Network. The address serves as the
location to which DOT can be transferred and from which DOT can be
sent. The private key authorizes the transfer or ``spending'' of DOT
from its associated public address. Ownership of DOT is established by
recording on the Relay Chain the unique address and the amount of DOT
held. The wallet thus holds the cryptographic keys associated with DOT,
rather than the DOT itself. DOT cannot be transferred by a holder
unless that holder provides the private key.
The Relay Chain is the decentralized, publicly distributed ledger
that holds DOT and the mechanism that allows people to exchange DOT.
All transactions on the Polkadot Network are recorded on the Relay
Chain. Like other blockchains, the Polkadot Relay Chain can be thought
of as a collective chain of digital signatures that reflect transaction
history. The Relay Chain is downloaded and stored, in whole or in part,
on the computers of each user of the Polkadot Network. The Relay Chain
is public and accessible to all, and includes a record of every DOT,
every transaction in DOT in order and every public address on the
Polkadot Network. Every computer on the Polkadot Network is a ``node'',
and collectively all of the nodes ensure that each new transaction in
DOT adheres to certain rules before it is added to the Relay Chain.
[[Page 12018]]
Transaction data is permanently recorded on the Relay Chain in data
files called ``blocks,'' which reflect transactions that have been
recorded and authenticated by Polkadot Network participants. Each newly
recorded block of transactions refers back to and ``connects'' with the
immediately preceding recorded block in the ledger. Each new block
records outstanding DOT transactions, and outstanding transactions are
settled and validated through such recording. Although there are size
limits to each block, the Relay Chain is designed to represent a
complete, transparent, secure and unbroken history of all the
transactions that have occurred on the Polkadot Network. The Polkadot
Network and associated software programs can view the Relay Chain to
determine the exact balance, if any, of DOT associated with any public
address listed on the Relay Chain.
DOT can be transferred in direct peer-to-peer transactions through
the direct sending of DOT over the Polkadot Network from one Polkadot
Network address to another.
DOT can be used as a means to conduct cross-border payments and to
pay other users of the Polkadot Network for goods and services under
what resembles a barter system. Consumers can also pay merchants and
other commercial businesses for goods or services through direct peer-
to-peer transactions on the Polkadot Network or through third-party
service providers.
DOT spot markets typically permit investors to open accounts with
the market and then purchase and sell DOT via websites or through
mobile applications. Prices for trades on DOT spot markets are
typically reported publicly. An investor opening a trading account on a
digital asset trading platform must deposit an accepted government-
issued currency into its account with the trading platform, or a
previously acquired digital asset, before they can purchase or sell
assets on the trading platform. The process of establishing an account
with a digital asset trading platform and trading DOT is different
from, and should not be confused with, the process of users sending DOT
from one DOT address to another DOT address on the Polkadot Network.
This latter process is an activity that occurs on the Polkadot Network,
while the former is an activity that occurs entirely within the order
book operated by the digital asset trading platform. The digital asset
trading platform typically records the investor's ownership of DOT in
its internal books and records, rather than on the Polkadot Network.
The digital asset trading platform ordinarily does not transfer DOT to
the investor on the Polkadot Network unless the investor makes a
request to the exchange to withdraw the DOT in its platform trading
account to an off-platform DOT wallet.
Outside of the spot markets, DOT can be traded OTC. The OTC market
is largely institutional in nature, and OTC market participants
generally consist of institutional entities, such as firms that offer
two-sided liquidity for DOT, investment managers, proprietary trading
firms, high-net-worth individuals that trade DOT on a proprietary
basis, entities with sizeable DOT holdings, and family offices. The OTC
market provides a relatively flexible market in terms of quotes, price,
quantity, and other factors, although it tends to involve large blocks
of DOT. The OTC market has no formal structure and no open-outcry
meeting place. Parties engaging in OTC transactions will agree upon a
price--often via phone or email--and then one of the two parties will
then initiate the transaction. For example, a seller of DOT could
initiate the transaction by sending the DOT to the buyer's DOT address.
The buyer would then wire U.S. dollars to the seller's bank account.
OTC trades are sometimes hedged and eventually settled with concomitant
trades on digital asset trading platforms.
Custody of the Trust's DOT
Digital assets and digital asset transactions are recorded and
validated on blockchains, the public transaction ledgers of a digital
asset network. Each digital asset blockchain serves as a record of
ownership for all of the units of such digital asset, even in the case
of certain privacy-preserving digital assets, where the transactions
themselves are not publicly viewable. All digital assets recorded on a
blockchain are associated with a public blockchain address, also
referred to as a digital wallet. Digital assets held at a particular
public blockchain address may be accessed and transferred using a
corresponding private key.
Key Generation
Public addresses and their corresponding private keys are generated
by the Custodian in secret key generation ceremonies at secure
locations inside faraday cages, which are enclosures used to block
electromagnetic fields and thus mitigate against attacks. The Custodian
uses quantum random number generators to generate the public and
private key pairs.
Once generated, private keys are encrypted, separated into
``shards,'' and then further encrypted. After the key generation
ceremony, all materials used to generate private keys, including
computers, are destroyed. All key generation ceremonies are performed
offline. No party other than the Custodian (including the Trust itself)
has access to the private key shards of the Trust.
Key Storage
Private key shards are distributed geographically in secure vaults
around the world, including in the United States. The locations of the
secure vaults may change regularly and are kept confidential by the
Custodian for security purposes.
The ``Digital Asset Account'' is a segregated custody account
controlled and secured by the Custodian to store private keys, which
allows for the transfer of ownership or control of the Trust's DOT on
the Trust's behalf. The Digital Asset Account uses offline storage, or
``cold,'' mechanisms to secure the Trust's private keys. The term cold
storage refers to a safeguarding method by which the private keys
corresponding to digital assets are disconnected and/or deleted
entirely from the internet. Cold storage of private keys may involve
keeping such keys on a non-networked (or ``air-gapped'') computer or
electronic device or storing the private keys on a storage device (for
example, a USB thumb drive) or printed medium (for example, papyrus,
paper, or a metallic object). A digital wallet may receive deposits of
digital assets but may not send digital assets without use of the
digital assets' corresponding private keys. In order to send digital
assets from a digital wallet in which the private keys are kept in cold
storage, either the private keys must be retrieved from cold storage
and entered into an online, or ``hot,'' digital asset software program
to sign the transaction, or the unsigned transaction must be
transferred to the cold server in which the private keys are held for
signature by the private keys and then transferred back to the online
digital asset software program. At that point, the user of the digital
wallet can transfer its digital assets.
Security Procedures
The Custodian is the custodian of the Trust's private keys (which,
as noted above, facilitate the transfer of ownership or control of the
Trust's DOT) in accordance with the terms and provisions of the
custodian agreement by and between the Custodian, the Sponsor and the
Trust (the ``Custodian
[[Page 12019]]
Agreement''). Transfers from the Digital Asset Account require certain
security procedures, including, but not limited to, multiple encrypted
private key shards, usernames, passwords and 2-step verification.
Multiple private key shards held by the Custodian must be combined to
reconstitute the private key to sign any transaction in order to
transfer the Trust's assets. Private key shards are distributed
geographically in secure vaults around the world, including in the
United States.
As a result, if any one secure vault is ever compromised, this
event will have no impact on the ability of the Trust to access its
assets, other than a possible delay in operations, while one or more of
the other secure vaults is used instead. These security procedures are
intended to remove single points of failure in the protection of the
Trust's assets.
Transfers of DOT to the Digital Asset Account will be available to
the Trust once processed on the Blockchain.
Subject to obtaining regulatory approval to operate a redemption
program and authorization of the Sponsor, the process of accessing and
withdrawing DOT from the Trust to redeem a Basket by an Authorized
Participant will follow the same general procedure as transferring DOT
to the Trust to create a Basket by an Authorized Participant, only in
reverse.
The Sponsor will maintain ownership and control of the Trust's DOT
in a manner consistent with good delivery requirements for spot
commodity transactions.
DOT Value
Digital Asset Trading Platform Valuation
The value of DOT is determined by the value that various market
participants place on DOT through their transactions. The most common
means of determining the value of a DOT is by surveying one or more
Digital Asset Trading Platforms where DOT is traded publicly and
transparently (e.g., Bitfinex, Crypto.com, and Kraken).
Digital Asset Trading Platform Public Market Data
On each online Digital Asset Trading Platform, DOT is traded with
publicly disclosed valuations for each executed trade, measured by one
or more fiat currencies such as the U.S. dollar or euro, or stablecoins
such as U.S. Dollar Coin (``USDC''). Over-the-counter dealers or market
makers do not typically disclose their trade data.
As of December 31, 2024, the Digital Asset Trading Platforms
included in the Index were Bitfinex, Bitstamp, Bullish, Bybit,
Crypto.com, Gemini, Kraken and OKX. As further described below, the
Sponsor and the Trust reasonably believe each of these Digital Asset
Trading Platforms are in material compliance with applicable licensing
requirements based on the Trading Platform Category and Jurisdiction,
as detailed below, and maintain practices and policies designed to
comply with anti-money laundering (``AML'') and know-your-customer
(``KYC'') regulations.
Bitstamp: A U.K.-based trading platform registered as a
money services business (``MSB'') with the Financial Crimes Enforcement
Network (``FinCEN'') and licensed as a virtual currency business under
the New York State Department of Financial Services (``NYDFS'')
BitLicense as well as a money transmitter in various U.S. states.
Bitfinex: A British Virgin Islands based trading platform.
Bitfinex does not hold any licenses or registrations in the U.S. and is
not available to U.S. based customers. Bitfinex is categorized by the
Index Provider as a ``Category 2'' trading platform which meets the
Inclusion Criteria outlined below but is non-U.S. licensed.
Bullish: A Gibraltar-based trading platform registered as
an MSB with FinCEN. Bullish is not available to U.S. based customers.
Bullish is categorized by the Index Provider as a ``Category 2''
trading platform which meets the Inclusion Criteria outlined below but
is non-U.S. licensed.
Bybit: A United Arab Emirates based trading platform.
Bybit does not hold any licenses or registrations in the U.S. and is
not available to U.S. based customers. Bybit is categorized by the
Index Provider as a ``Category 2'' trading platform which meets the
Inclusion Criteria outlined below but is non-U.S. licensed.
Crypto.com: A Singapore-based trading platform registered
as an MSB with FinCEN and licensed as a money transmitter in various
U.S. states. Crypto.com does not hold a BitLicense.
Gemini: A U.S.-based trading platform registered as an MSB
with FinCEN and licensed as money transmitter in various U.S. states.
Gemini is exempt from applying for a BitLicense under the framework
established by NYDFS because of their trust charter under NY Banking
Law.
Kraken: A U.S.-based trading platform registered as an MSB
with FinCEN and licensed as a money transmitter in various U.S. states.
Kraken does not hold a BitLicense.
OKX: A Seychelles based trading platform. OKX does not
hold any licenses or registrations in the U.S. and is not available to
U.S. based customers. OKX is categorized by the Index Provider as a
``Category 2'' trading platform which meets the Inclusion Criteria
outlined below but is non-U.S. licensed.
Currently, there are several Digital Asset Trading Platforms
operating worldwide and online Digital Asset Trading Platforms
represent a substantial percentage of DOT buying and selling activity
and provide the most data with respect to prevailing valuations of DOT.
These trading platforms include established trading platforms such as
trading platforms included in the Index which provide a number of
options for buying and selling DOT. The below table reflects the
trading volume in DOT and market share of the DOT-U.S. dollar and DOT-
USDC trading pairs of each of the Digital Asset Trading Platforms
included in the Index as of December 31, 2024 (collectively,
``Constituent Trading Platforms''), using data since the January 1,
2024:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOT Trading Platforms included in
the Index as of December 31, 2024 Volume (DOT) Market share \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kraken............................ 171,609,182 20.74%
Crypto.com........................ 67,367,246 8.14%
Bitfinex.......................... 16,371,564 1.98%
Bitstamp.......................... 8,304,889 1.00%
Gemini............................ 4,855,186 0.59%
-------------------------------------
Total U.S. Dollar-DOT trading 268,508,067 32.45%
pair.........................
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Bullish........................... 31,804,657 17.14%
Bybit............................. 23,556,417 12.69%
[[Page 12020]]
OKX............................... 12,399,513 6.68%
Kraken............................ 166,623 0.09%
-------------------------------------
Total USDC-DOT trading pair... 67,927,210 36.60%
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1 Market share is calculated using trading volume (in DOT) for certain
Digital Asset Trading Platforms including, Kraken, Crypto.com,
Bitfinex, Bitstamp, Gemini, Bullish, Bybit and OKX, as well as certain
other large U.S.-dollar denominated Digital Asset Trading Platforms
that were not included in the Index as of December 31, 2024, including
Coinbase, Binance, Kucoin and LBank.
The Index and the Index Price
The Index is a U.S. dollar-denominated composite reference rate for
the price of DOT. The Index is designed to (1) mitigate the effects of
fraud, manipulation and other anomalous trading activity from impacting
the DOT reference rate, (2) provide a real-time, volume-weighted fair
value of DOT and (3) appropriately handle and adjust for non-market
related events.
The Index Price is determined by the Index Provider through a
process in which trade data is cleansed and compiled in such a manner
as to algorithmically reduce the impact of anomalistic or manipulative
trading. This is accomplished by the (a) real-time introduction and
capture of new trades on a trade-by-trade basis where prior trade data
becomes immediately less relevant with new trades, (b) utilization of
an Outlier Detection Factor \10\ for excluding a price or price(s)
deemed to be an outlier relative to the most recently calculated Index
price, and (c) utilization of a time penalty factor for penalizing
inactivity for any of the Constituent Trading Platforms.
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\10\ Outlier Detection Factor means a factor used for penalizing
a price deemed to be an outlier in accordance with the Index
Provider's methodology.
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The value of the Index is calculated and disseminated on a 24-hour
basis and will be available on a continuous basis at https://indices.coindesk.com.
Constituent Trading Platform Selection
According to the Memorandum, the Digital Asset Trading Platforms
that are included in the Index are selected by the Index Provider
utilizing a methodology that is guided by the International
Organization of Securities Commissions (``IOSCO'') principles for
financial benchmarks. For a trading platform to become a Constituent
Trading Platform, it must satisfy each of the criteria listed below
(the ``Inclusion Criteria''):
No evidence in the past 12 months of trading restrictions
on individuals or entities that would otherwise meet the trading
platform's eligibility requirements to trade;
No evidence in the past 12 months of undisclosed
restrictions on deposits or withdrawals from user accounts;
Real-time price discovery;
Limited or no capital controls; \11\
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\11\ ``Capital controls'' in this context means governmental
sanctions that would limit the movement of capital into, or out of,
the jurisdiction in which such Digital Asset Trading Platforms
operate.
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Transparent ownership including a publicly-known ownership
entity;
Publicly available language and policies addressing legal
and regulatory compliance in the U.S., including KYC, AML and other
policies designed to comply with relevant regulations that might apply
to it; and
Offer programmatic spot trading of the trading pair \12\
and reliably publish trade prices and volumes on a real-time basis
through Rest and Websocket APIs.
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\12\ Trading platforms with programmatic trading offer traders
an application programming interface that permits trading by sending
programmed commands to the trading platform.
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All trading platforms that meet these Inclusion Criteria will be
assigned to one Exchange Category as defined by the additional criteria
below:
Category 1
[cir] Licensed and/or able to serve investors, retail or
professional, in the U.S.; and
[cir] Maintain sufficient USD or USDC liquidity relative to the
size of the listed assets.
Category 2
[cir] Licensed (including in-principal licensure) and/or able to
serve investors, retail or professional, in one or more of the
following jurisdictions:
[ssquf] United Kingdom,
[ssquf] European Union,
[ssquf] Hong Kong,
[ssquf] Singapore; and
[cir] Maintain sufficient USD or USDC liquidity relative to the
size of the listed assets.
In the event a trading platform is only licensed or able to serve
investors in select European Union countries and none of the other
listed jurisdictions, the Index Provider reserves the right to evaluate
its eligibility on a case-by-case basis.
A Digital Asset Trading Platform is removed as a Constituent
Trading Platform when it no longer satisfies the Inclusion Criteria.
The Index Provider does not currently include data from over-the-
counter markets or derivatives platforms among the Constituent Trading
Platforms. According to the Memorandum, over-the-counter data is not
currently included because of the potential for trades to include a
significant premium or discount paid for larger liquidity, which
creates an uneven comparison relative to more active markets. There is
also a higher potential for over-the-counter transactions to not be
arms-length, and thus not be representative of a true market price.
The Index Provider and the Sponsor have entered into the index
license agreement, dated as of February 1, 2022 (as amended, the
``Index License Agreement''), governing the Sponsor's use of the Index
Price.\13\ Pursuant to the terms of the Index License Agreement, the
Index Provider may adjust the calculation methodology for the Index
Price without notice to, or consent of, the Trust or its shareholders.
The Index Provider may decide to change the calculation methodology to
maintain the integrity of the Index Price calculation should it
identify or become aware of previously unknown variables or issues with
the existing methodology that it believes could materially impact its
performance and/or reliability. The Index Provider has sole discretion
over the determination of Index Price and may change the methodologies
for determining the Index Price from time to time. Shareholders will be
notified of any material changes to the calculation methodology or the
Index Price in the Trust's current reports and will be notified of all
other changes that the Sponsor considers significant in the Trust's
periodic or current reports. The Sponsor will determine the materiality
of any changes to the Index Price on a
[[Page 12021]]
case-by-case basis, in consultation with external counsel.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ Upon entering into the Index License Agreement, the Sponsor
and the Index Provider terminated the license agreement between the
parties dated as of February 28, 2019.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Index Provider may change the trading venues that are used to
calculate the Index or otherwise change the way in which the Index is
calculated at any time. For example, the Index Provider has scheduled
quarterly reviews in which it may add or remove Constituent Trading
Platforms that satisfy or fail the Inclusion Criteria. The Index
Provider does not have any obligation to consider the interests of the
Sponsor, the Trust, the shareholders, or anyone else in connection with
such changes. While the Index Provider is not required to publicize or
explain the changes or to alert the Sponsor to such changes, it has
historically notified the Trust (and other subscribers to the Index) of
any material changes to the Constituent Trading Platforms, including
any additions or removals, contemporaneous with its issuance of press
releases in connection with the same. The Sponsor will notify investors
of any such material event by filing a current report on Form 8-K.
Although the Index methodology is designed to operate without any
manual intervention, rare events would justify manual intervention.
Intervention of this kind would be in response to non-market-related
events, such as the halting of deposits or withdrawals of funds on a
Digital Asset Trading Platform, the unannounced closure of operations
on a Digital Asset Trading Platform, insolvency or the compromise of
user funds. In the event that such an intervention is necessary, the
Index Provider would issue a public announcement through its website,
API or other established communication channels with its clients.
Determination of the Index Price
The Index applies an algorithm to the price of DOT on the
Constituent Trading Platforms calculated every 5 seconds over a 24-hour
period. The Index's algorithm is expected to reflect a five-pronged
methodology to calculate the Index Price from the Constituent Trading
Platforms:
Volume Weighting: Constituent Trading Platforms with
greater liquidity receive a higher weighting in the Index, increasing
the ability to execute against (i.e., replicate) the Index in the
underlying spot markets. The Index Price methodology is a volume-
weighted real-time price where each Constituent Trading Platform is
weighted based on its trailing 24-hour volume.
FX Conversion: The Index Price algorithm utilizes a
volume-weighted real-time FX conversion rate for any trading activity
for the relevant Stablecoin-USD pair. This normalizes all trading
activity to USD denomination.
Outlier Detection Factor: The Index Price algorithm
excludes trade data and price(s) deemed to be an outlier relative to
the most recently calculated Index Price.
Inactivity Adjustment: The Index Price algorithm penalizes
stale activity from any given Constituent Trading Platform. When a
Constituent Trading Platform does not have recent trading data, the
outdated prices and their contribution to the Index Price calculation
is gradually reduced until it is de-weighted to 0.1%. Similarly, once
trading activity at a Constituent Trading Platform resumes, the
corresponding weighting for that Constituent Trading Platform will no
longer be penalized.
Manipulation Resistance: In order to mitigate the effects
of wash trading and order book spoofing, and in an effort to prioritize
the most significant Constituent Trading Platforms for a given asset--
the Index utilizes a Constituent Trading Platform Selection and Review
process, which seeks to identify the highest-ranking Constituent
Trading Platforms based on both qualitative and quantitative factors.
The Qualitative Review includes legal and regulation, data provision,
security, trade monitoring, market quality, and negative events policy,
among others. The Quantitative Review includes review of trading
activity for the asset on the given Constituent Trading Platform.
The Index Provider re-evaluates the weighting algorithm on a
periodic basis, but maintains discretion to change the way in which an
Index Price is calculated based on its periodic review or in extreme
circumstances and does not make the exact methodology to calculate the
Index Price publicly available. Nonetheless, the Sponsors believe that
the Index is designed to limit exposure to trading or price distortion
of any individual Digital Asset Trading Platform that experiences
periods of unusual activity or limited liquidity by discounting, in
real-time, anomalous price movements at individual Digital Asset
Trading Platforms.
The Sponsors believe the Index Provider's selection process for
Constituent Trading Platforms as well as the methodology of the Index
Price's algorithm provides a more accurate picture of DOT price
movements than a simple average of Digital Asset Trading Platform spot
prices, and that the weighting of DOT prices on the Constituent Trading
Platforms limits the inclusion of data that is influenced by temporary
price dislocations that may result from technical problems, limited
liquidity or fraudulent activity elsewhere in the DOT spot market. By
referencing multiple trading venues and weighting them based on trade
activity, the Sponsors believe that the impact of any potential fraud,
manipulation or anomalous trading activity occurring on any single
venue is reduced.
If the Index Price becomes unavailable, or if the Sponsor
determines in good faith that such Index Price does not reflect an
accurate price for DOT, then the Sponsor will, on a best efforts basis,
contact the Index Provider to obtain the Index Price directly from the
Index Provider. If after such contact such Index Price remains
unavailable or the Sponsor continues to believe in good faith that such
Index Price does not reflect an accurate price for DOT, then the
Sponsor will employ a cascading set of rules to determine the Index
Price, as described below in ``Determination of the Index Price When
Index Price is Unavailable.''
The Trust values its DOT for operational purposes by reference to
the Index Price. The Index Price is the value of DOT as represented by
the Index, calculated at 4:00 p.m., New York time, on each business
day.
Illustrative Example
For the purposes of illustration, outlined below are examples of
how the attributes that impact weighting and adjustments in the
aforementioned methodology may be utilized to generate the Index Price
for a digital asset. For example, Constituent Trading Platforms used to
calculate the Index Price of the digital asset may include trading
platforms such as Bitstamp, Kraken, LMAX Digital, and Crypto.com.
The Index Price algorithm, as described above, is designed to
account for manipulation at the outset by only including data from
executed trades on Constituent Trading Platforms that charge trading
fees. Then, the below-listed elements may impact the weighting of the
Constituent Trading Platforms on the Index Price as follows:
Volume Weighting: Each Constituent Trading Platform will
be weighted to appropriately reflect the trading volume share of the
Constituent Trading Platform relative to all the Constituent Trading
Platforms during this same period. For example, an average hourly
weighting of 67.06%, 14.57%, 11.88%, and 6.49% for Bitstamp, Kraken,
LMAX Digital, and Crypto.com, respectively, would represent each
Constituent Trading Platform's share of trading volume during the same
period.
[[Page 12022]]
Inactivity Adjustment: Assume that a Constituent Trading
Platform represented a 14% weighting on the Index Price of the digital
asset, which is based on the per-second calculations of its trading
volume and price-variance relative to the cohort of Constituent Trading
Platforms included in such Index, and then went offline for
approximately two hours. The index algorithm would automatically
recognize inactivity and start de-weighting the Constituent Trading
Platform at the 5-minute mark and continue to do so over with each
additional 5-minute period of inactivity--until its influence was
effectively zero, 25 minutes after becoming inactive. As soon as
trading activity resumed at the Constituent Trading Platform, the index
algorithm would re-weight it to the appropriate weighting based on
trading volume and price-variance relative to the cohort of Constituent
Trading Platforms included in the Index.
Price Outlier Detection: New traded prices from
Constituent Trading Platforms are compared to the latest calculated
Index Price. In the event the new traded price deviates by +/- 5% from
the latest calculated Index Price it will be considered an outlier and
not used in the calculation of the Index Price until such time as a
majority of the Constituent Trading Platforms are similarly considered
outlier prices. In that case, the new prices will be used to calculate
the Index Price. For example, if the Index Price is $10 and a new trade
price of $11 from Constituent Trading Platform X, the price of $11 will
be considered an outlier and not used. However, if the most recent
prices on a majority of the Constituent Trading Platforms are aligned
with the price of $11, then these prices will no longer be considered
outliers and will be used to calculate the new Index Price.
Determination of the Index Price When Index Price Is Unavailable
The Sponsor uses the following cascading set of rules to calculate
the Index Price when the Index Price is unavailable.\14\ For the
avoidance of doubt, the Sponsor will employ the below rules
sequentially and in the order as presented below, should one or more
specific rule(s) fail:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ The Sponsor updated these rules on January 11, 2022.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Index Price = The price set by the Index as of 4:00 p.m., New
York time, on the valuation date.\15\ If the Index becomes unavailable,
or if the Sponsor determines in good faith that the Index does not
reflect an accurate price, then the Sponsor will, on a best efforts
basis, contact the Index Provider to obtain the Index Price directly
from the Index Provider. If after such contact the Index remains
unavailable or the Sponsor continues to believe in good faith that the
Index does not reflect an accurate price, then the Sponsor will employ
the next rule to determine the Index Price. There are no predefined
criteria to make a good faith assessment and it will be made by the
Sponsor in its sole discretion.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\15\ The valuation date is any day for which the value of the
DOT in the Trust may be calculated utilizing the Index Price.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Index Price = The price set by Coin Metrics Real-Time Rate (the
``Secondary Index'') as of 4:00 p.m., New York time, on the valuation
date (the ``Secondary Index Price''). The Secondary Index Price is a
real-time reference rate price, calculated using trade data from
constituent markets selected by Coin Metrics, Inc. (the ``Secondary
Index Provider''). The Secondary Index Price is calculated by applying
weighted-median techniques to such trade data where half the weight is
derived from the trading volume on each constituent market and half is
derived from inverse price variance, where a constituent market with
high price variance as a result of outliers or market anomalies
compared to other constituent markets is assigned a smaller weight. If
the Secondary Index becomes unavailable, or if the Sponsor determines
in good faith that the Secondary Index does not reflect an accurate
price, then the Sponsor will, on a best efforts basis, contact the
Secondary Index Provider to obtain the Secondary Index Price directly
from the Secondary Index Provider. If after such contact the Secondary
Index remains unavailable or the Sponsor continues to believe in good
faith that the Secondary Index does not reflect an accurate price, then
the Sponsor will employ the next rule to determine the Index Price.
There are no predefined criteria to make a good faith assessment and it
will be made by the Sponsor in its sole discretion.
3. Index Price = The price set by the Trust's principal market (as
defined in the Memorandum) (the ``Tertiary Pricing Option'') as of 4:00
p.m., New York time, on the valuation date. The Tertiary Pricing Option
is a spot price derived from the principal market's public data feed
that is believed to be consistently publishing pricing information as
of 4:00 p.m., New York time, and is provided to the Sponsor via an
application programming interface. If the Tertiary Pricing Option
becomes unavailable, or if the Sponsor determines in good faith that
the Tertiary Pricing Option does not reflect an accurate price, then
the Sponsor will, on a best efforts basis, contact the Tertiary Pricing
Provider to obtain the Tertiary Pricing Option directly from the
Tertiary Pricing Provider. If after such contact the Tertiary Pricing
Option remains unavailable after such contact or the Sponsor continues
to believe in good faith that the Tertiary Pricing Option does not
reflect an accurate price, then the Sponsor will employ the next rule
to determine the Index Price. There are no predefined criteria to make
a good faith assessment and it will be made by the Sponsor in its sole
discretion.
4. Index Price = The Sponsor will use its best judgment to
determine a good faith estimate of the Index Price. There are no
predefined criteria to make a good faith assessment and it will be made
by the Sponsor in its sole discretion.
In the event of a fork, the Index Provider may calculate the Index
Price based on a digital asset that the Sponsor does not believe to be
an appropriate asset of the Trust (i.e., a digital asset other than
DOT).\16\ In this event, the Sponsor has full discretion to use a
different index provider or calculate the Index Price itself using its
best judgment. In such an event, the Exchange will submit a proposed
rule filing to contemplate the assets that would subsequently be held
by the Trust.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ According to the Prospectus, the Polkadot Network operates
using open-source protocols, meaning that any user can download the
software, modify it and then propose that the users and validators
of DOT adopt the modification. When a modification is introduced and
a substantial majority of users and validators' consent to the
modification, the change is implemented and the network remains
uninterrupted. However, if less than a substantial majority of users
and validators' consent to the proposed modification, and the
modification is not compatible with the software prior to its
modification, the consequence would be what is known as a ``hard
fork'' of the Polkadot Network, with one group running the pre-
modified software and the other running the modified software. The
effect of such a fork would be the existence of two versions of DOT
running in parallel, yet lacking interchangeability. Forks may also
occur as a network community's response to a significant security
breach.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Sponsor may, in its sole discretion, select a different index
provider, select a different index price provided by the Index
Provider, calculate the Index Price by using the cascading set of rules
set forth above, or change the cascading set of rules set forth above
at any time.\17\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\17\ The Sponsor will provide notice of any such changes in the
Trust's periodic or current reports and, if the Sponsor makes such a
change other than on an ad hoc or temporary basis, will file a
proposed rule change with the Commission.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 12023]]
Creation and Redemption of Shares
Authorized Participants may submit orders to create or redeem
Shares under procedures for ``Cash Orders.''
The Authorized Participants will deliver only cash to create Shares
and will receive only cash when redeeming Shares. Further, Authorized
Participants will not directly or indirectly purchase, hold, deliver,
or receive DOT as part of the creation or redemption process or
otherwise direct the Trust or a third party with respect to purchasing,
holding, delivering, or receiving DOT as part of the creation or
redemption process.
The Trust will create Shares by receiving DOT from a third party
that is not the Authorized Participant, and the Trust, or an affiliate
of the Trust (and in any event not the Authorized Participant), is
responsible for selecting the third party to deliver the DOT. Further,
the third party will not be acting as an agent of the Authorized
Participant with respect to the delivery of the DOT to the Trust nor
acting at the direction of the Authorized Participant with respect to
the delivery of the DOT to the Trust. The Trust will redeem Shares by
delivering DOT to a third party that is not the Authorized Participant,
and the Trust, or an affiliate of the Trust (and in any event not the
Authorized Participant), is responsible for selecting the third party
to receive the DOT. Further, the third party will not be acting as an
agent of the Authorized Participant with respect to the receipt of the
DOT from the Trust nor acting at the direction of the Authorized
Participant with respect to the receipt of the DOT from the Trust.
Cash Orders are made through the participation of a Liquidity
Provider \18\ who obtains or receives DOT in exchange for cash, and are
facilitated by the Transfer Agent and Grayscale Investments Sponsors,
LLC, acting in its capacity as the Liquidity Engager. Liquidity
Providers are not party to the Participant Agreements (as defined
below) and are engaged separately by the Liquidity Engager.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\18\ A ``Liquidity Provider'' means one or more eligible
companies that facilitate the purchase and sale of DOT in connection
with creations or redemptions pursuant to Cash Orders. The Liquidity
Providers with which Grayscale Investments Sponsors, LLC, acting
other than in its capacity as the Sponsor (in such other capacity,
the ``Liquidity Engager'') will engage in DOT transactions are third
parties that are not affiliated with the Sponsor or the Trust and
are not acting as agents of the Trust, the Sponsor, or any
Authorized Participant, and all transactions will be done on an
arms-length basis. Except for the contractual relationships between
each Liquidity Provider and Grayscale Investments Sponsors, LLC in
its capacity as the Liquidity Engager, there is no contractual
relationship between each Liquidity Provider and the Trust, the
Sponsor, or any Authorized Participant. When seeking to buy DOT in
connection with creations or sell DOT in connection with
redemptions, the Liquidity Engager will seek to obtain commercially
reasonable prices and terms from the approved Liquidity Providers.
Once agreed upon, the transaction will generally occur on an ``over-
the-counter'' basis.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
According to the Registration Statement, the Trust creates Baskets
(as described below) of Shares only upon receipt of DOT and redeems
Shares only by distributing DOT. ``Authorized Participants'' are the
only persons that may place orders to create and redeem Baskets. Each
Authorized Participant must (i) be a registered broker-dealer and (ii)
enter into an agreement with the Sponsor and Transfer Agent that
provides the procedures for the creation and redemption of Baskets and
for the delivery of DOT required for the creation and redemption of
Baskets via a Liquidity Provider (each, a ``Participant Agreement'').
An Authorized Participant may act for its own account or as agent for
broker-dealers, custodians and other securities market participants
that wish to create or redeem Baskets. Shareholders who are not
Authorized Participants will only be able to create or redeem their
Shares through an Authorized Participant.
The Trust issues Shares to and redeems Shares from Authorized
Participants on an ongoing basis, but only in one or more ``Baskets''
(with a Basket being a block of 10,000 Shares). The Trust will not
issue fractions of a Basket.
The creation and redemption of Baskets will be made only in
exchange for the delivery to the Trust, or the distribution by the
Trust, of the number of whole and fractional DOT represented by each
Basket being created or redeemed, which is determined by dividing (x)
the number of DOT owned by the Trust at 4:00 p.m., New York time, on
the trade date of a creation or redemption order, after deducting the
number of DOT representing the U.S. dollar value of accrued but unpaid
fees and expenses of the Trust (converted using the Index Price at such
time, and carried to the eighth decimal place), by (y) the number of
Shares outstanding at such time (with the quotient so obtained
calculated to one one-hundred-millionth of one DOT (i.e., carried to
the eighth decimal place)), and multiplying such quotient by 10,000
(the ``Basket Amount''). The U.S. dollar value of a Basket is
calculated by multiplying the Basket Amount by the Index Price as of
the trade date (the ``Basket NAV''). The Basket NAV multiplied by the
number of Baskets being created or redeemed is referred to as the
``Total Basket NAV.'' All questions as to the calculation of the Basket
Amount will be conclusively determined by the Sponsor and will be final
and binding on all persons interested in the Trust. The number of DOT
represented by a Share will gradually decrease over time as the Trust's
DOT are used to pay the Trust's expenses.
The creation of Baskets requires the delivery by the Authorized
Participant of a cash amount equivalent to the Total Basket Amount and
the redemption of Baskets requires the distribution to the Authorized
Participant of a cash amount equivalent to the Total Basket Amount.
Although the Trust creates Baskets only upon the receipt of DOT,
and redeems Baskets only by distributing DOT, an Authorized Participant
will submit Cash Orders, pursuant to which the Authorized Participant
will deposit cash with, or accept cash from, the Transfer Agent in
connection with the creation and redemption of Baskets.
Cash Orders will be facilitated by the Transfer Agent and Liquidity
Engager, acting other than in its capacity as Sponsor. On an order-by-
order basis, the Liquidity Engager will engage one or more Liquidity
Providers to obtain or receive DOT in exchange for cash in connection
with such order, as described in more detail below.
Unless the Sponsor requires that a Cash Order be effected at actual
execution prices (an ``Actual Execution Cash Order''),\19\ each
Authorized Participant that submits a Cash Order to create or redeem
Baskets (a ``Variable Fee Cash Order'') \20\ will pay a fee (the
[[Page 12024]]
``Variable Fee'') based on the Total Basket NAV, and any price
differential of DOT between the trade date and the settlement date will
be borne solely by the Liquidity Provider until such DOT have been
received or liquidated by the Trust. The Variable Fee is intended to
cover all of a Liquidity Provider's expenses in connection with the
creation or redemption order, including any DOT trading platform fees
that the Liquidity Provider incurs in connection with buying or selling
DOT. The amount may be changed by the Sponsor in its sole discretion at
any time, and Liquidity Providers will communicate to the Sponsor in
advance the Variable Fee they would be willing to accept in connection
with a Variable Fee Cash Order, based on market conditions and other
factors existing at the time of such Variable Fee Cash Order.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\19\ With respect to a creation or redemption pursuant to an
Actual Execution Cash Order, as between the Trust and an Authorized
Participant, the Authorized Participant is responsible for the
dollar cost of the difference between the DOT price utilized in
calculating Total Basket NAV on the trade date and the price at
which the Trust acquires or disposes of the DOT on the settlement
date. If the price realized in acquiring or disposing of the
corresponding Total Basket Amount is higher than the Total Basket
NAV, the Authorized Participant will bear the dollar cost of such
difference, in the case of a creation, by delivering cash in the
amount of such shortfall (the ``Additional Creation Cash'') to the
Cash Account or, in the case of a redemption, with the amount of
cash to be delivered to the Authorized Participant being reduced by
the amount of such difference (the ``Redemption Cash Shortfall'').
If the price realized in acquiring the corresponding Total Basket
Amount is lower than the Total Basket NAV, the Authorized
Participant will benefit from such difference, with the Trust
promptly returning cash in the amount of such excess (the ``Excess
Creation Cash'') to the Authorized Participant.
\20\ Unless the Sponsor determines otherwise in its sole
discretion based on market conditions and other factors existing at
the time of such Cash Order, all creations and redemptions pursuant
to Cash Orders are expected to be executed as Variable Fee Cash
Orders, and any price differential of DOT between the trade date and
the settlement date will be borne solely by the Liquidity Provider
until such DOT have been received by the Trust.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternatively, the Sponsor may require that a Cash Order be
effected as an Actual Execution Cash Order, in its sole discretion
based on market conditions and other factors existing at the time of
such Cash Order, and under such circumstances, any price differential
of DOT between the trade date and the settlement date will be borne
solely by the Authorized Participant until such DOT have been received
or liquidated by the Trust.
In the case of creations, to transfer the Total Basket Amount to
the Trust's Digital Asset Account, the Liquidity Provider will transfer
DOT to one of the public key addresses associated with the Digital
Asset Account and as provided by the Sponsor. In the case of
redemptions, the same procedure is conducted, but in reverse, using the
public key addresses associated with the wallet of the Liquidity
Provider and as provided by such party. All such transactions will be
conducted on the Polkadot Blockchain and parties acknowledge and agree
that such transfers may be irreversible if done incorrectly.
Authorized Participants do not pay a transaction fee to the Trust
in connection with the creation or redemption of Baskets, but there may
be transaction fees associated with the validation of the transfer of
DOT by the Polkadot Network, which will be paid by the Custodian in the
case of redemptions and the Authorized Participant or the Liquidity
Provider in the case of creations. Service providers may charge
Authorized Participants administrative fees for order placement and
other services related to creation of Baskets. As discussed above,
Authorized Participants will also pay the Variable Fee in connection
with Variable Fee Cash Orders. Under certain circumstances, Authorized
Participants may also be required to deposit additional cash in the
Cash Account, or be entitled to receive excess cash from the Cash
Account, in connection with creations and redemptions pursuant to
Actual Execution Cash Orders. Authorized Participants will receive no
fees, commissions or other form of compensation or inducement of any
kind from either the Sponsor or the Trust and no such person has any
obligation or responsibility to the Sponsor or the Trust to effect any
sale or resale of Shares.
The following is a summary of the procedures for the creation and
redemption of Baskets.
Creation Procedures
On any business day, an Authorized Participant may place an order
with the Transfer Agent to create one or more Baskets.
Cash Orders for creation must be placed with the Transfer Agent no
later than 1:59:59 p.m., New York time.
The Sponsor may in its sole discretion limit the number of Shares
created pursuant to Cash Orders on any specified day without notice to
the Authorized Participants and may direct the Marketing Agent to
reject any Cash Orders in excess of such capped amount. In exercising
its discretion to limit the number of Shares created pursuant to Cash
Orders, the Sponsor expects to take into consideration a number of
factors, including the availability of Liquidity Providers to
facilitate Cash Orders and the cost of processing Cash Orders.
Creations under Cash Orders will take place as follows, where ``T''
is the trade date and each day in the sequence must be a business day.
Before a creation order is placed, the Sponsor determines if such
creation order will be a Variable Fee Cash Order or an Actual Execution
Cash Order, which determination is communicated to the Authorized
Participant.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Settlement date (T+1, or
Trade date (T) T+2, as established at the
time of order placement)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Authorized Participant places The Authorized
a creation order with the Transfer Agent. Participant delivers to the
The Marketing Agent accepts (or Cash Account: \1\
rejects) the creation order, which is (x) in the case of a
communicated to the Authorized Variable Fee Cash Order,
Participant by the Transfer Agent. the Total Basket NAV, plus
The Sponsor notifies the any Variable Fee; or
Liquidity Provider of the creation order. (y) in the case of an Actual
The Sponsor determines the Total Execution Cash Order, the
Basket NAV and any Variable Fee and Total Basket NAV, plus any
Additional Creation Cash as soon as Additional Creation Cash,
practicable after 4:00 p.m., New York less any Excess Creation
time. Cash, if applicable (such
amount, as applicable, the
``Required Creation
Cash'').
The Liquidity
Provider transfers the
Total Basket Amount to the
Trust's Digital Asset
Account.
Once the Trust is
in simultaneous possession
of (x) the Total Basket
Amount and (y) the Required
Creation Cash, the Trust
issues the aggregate number
of Shares corresponding to
the Baskets ordered by the
Authorized Participant,
which the Transfer Agent
holds for the benefit of
the Authorized Participant.
Cash equal to the
Required Creation Cash is
delivered to the Liquidity
Provider from the Cash
Account.
The Transfer Agent
delivers Shares to the
Authorized Participant by
crediting the number of
Baskets created to the
Authorized Participant's
DTC account.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 The ``Cash Account'' means the account maintained by the Transfer
Agent for purposes of receiving cash from, and distributing cash to,
Authorized Participants in connection with creations and redemptions
pursuant to Cash Orders. For the avoidance of doubt, the Trust shall
have no interest (beneficial, equitable or otherwise) in the Cash
Account or any cash held therein.
[[Page 12025]]
Redemption Procedures
The procedures by which an Authorized Participant can redeem one or
more Baskets mirror the procedures for the creation of Baskets. On any
business day, an Authorized Participant may place a redemption order
specifying the number of Baskets to be redeemed.
The redemption of Shares pursuant to Cash Orders will only take
place if approved by the Sponsor in writing, in its sole discretion and
on a case-by-case basis. In exercising its discretion to approve the
redemption of Shares pursuant to Cash Orders, the Sponsor expects to
take into consideration a number of factors, including the availability
of Liquidity Providers to facilitate Cash Orders and the cost of
processing Cash Orders.
Cash Orders for redemption must be placed no later than 1:59:59
p.m., New York time on each business day. The Authorized Participants
may only redeem Baskets and cannot redeem any Shares in an amount less
than a Basket.
Redemptions under Cash Orders will take place as follows, where
``T'' is the trade date and each day in the sequence must be a business
day. Before a redemption order is placed, the Sponsor determines if
such redemption order will be a Variable Fee Cash Order or an Actual
Execution Cash Order, which determination is communicated to the
Authorized Participant.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Settlement date (T+1 (or T+2
Trade date (T) on case by case basis, as
approved by Sponsor))
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Authorized Participant places The Authorized
a redemption order with the Transfer Participant delivers
Agent. Baskets to be redeemed from
The Marketing Agent accepts (or its DTC account to the
rejects) the redemption order, which is Transfer Agent.
communicated to the Authorized The Liquidity
Participant by the Transfer Agent. Provider delivers to the
The Sponsor notifies the Cash Account:
Liquidity Provider of the redemption (x) in the case of a
order. Variable Fee Cash Order,
The Sponsor determines the Total the Total Basket NAV less
Basket NAV and, in the case of a Variable any Variable Fee; or
Fee Cash Order, any Variable Fee, as soon (y) in the case of an Actual
as practicable after 4:00 p.m., New York Execution Cash Order, the
time. actual proceeds to the
Trust from the liquidation
of the Total Basket Amount
(such amount, as
applicable, the ``Required
Redemption Cash'').
Once the Trust is
in simultaneous possession
of (x) the Total Basket
Amount and (y) the Required
Redemption Cash, the
Transfer Agent cancels the
Shares comprising the
number of Baskets redeemed
by the Authorized
Participant.
The Custodian sends
the Liquidity Provider the
Total Basket Amount, and
cash equal to the Required
Redemption Cash is
delivered to the Authorized
Participant from the Cash
Account.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Suspension or Rejection of Orders and Total Basket Amount
The creation or redemption of Shares may be suspended generally, or
refused with respect to particular requested creations or redemptions,
during any period when the transfer books of the Transfer Agent are
closed or if circumstances outside the control of the Sponsor or its
delegates make it for all practicable purposes not feasible to process
creation orders or redemption orders or for any other reason at any
time or from time to time.\21\ The Transfer Agent may reject an order
or, after accepting an order, may cancel such order if: (i) such order
is not presented in proper form as described in the Participant
Agreement, (ii) the transfer of the Total Basket Amount comes from an
account other than a DOT wallet address that is known to the Custodian
as belonging to a Liquidity Provider or (iii) the fulfillment of the
order, in the opinion of counsel, might be unlawful, among other
reasons. None of the Sponsor or its delegates will be liable for the
suspension, rejection or acceptance of any creation order or redemption
order.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\21\ Extenuating circumstances outside of the control of the
Sponsor and its delegates or that could cause the transfer books of
the Transfer Agent to be closed are outlined in the Participant
Agreement and include, for example, public service or utility
problems, power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and
computer failures, acts of God such as fires, floods or extreme
weather conditions, market conditions or activities causing trading
halts, systems failures involving computer or other information
systems, including any failures or outages of the Polkadot Network,
affecting the Authorized Participant, the Sponsor, the Trust, the
Transfer Agent, the Marketing Agent and the Custodian and similar
extraordinary events.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Availability of Information and Intraday Indicative Value
In addition to the price transparency of the Index, the Trust will
provide information regarding the Trust's DOT holdings as well as
additional data regarding the Trust. The website for the Trust, which
will be publicly accessible at no charge, will contain the following
information: (a) the prior business day's NAV per Share; (b) the prior
business day's Nasdaq official closing price; (c) calculation of the
premium or discount of such Exchange official closing price against
such NAV per Share; (d) data in chart form displaying the frequency
distribution of discounts and premiums of the Exchange's official
closing price against the NAV, within appropriate ranges for each of
the four previous calendar quarters (or for the life of the Trust, if
shorter); (e) the prospectus; and (f) other applicable quantitative
information. The Trust will also disseminate the Trust's holdings on a
daily basis on the Trust's website. Quotation and last sale information
regarding the Shares will be disseminated through the facilities of the
relevant securities information processor.
The intraday indicative value (``IIV'') will be calculated by using
the prior day's closing NAV per Share as a base and updating that value
during the Exchange's regular market session of 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
ET (the ``Regular Market Session'') to reflect changes in the value of
the Trust's DOT holdings during the trading day. The IIV disseminated
during the Regular Market Session should not be viewed as an actual
real-time update of the NAV, because NAV per Share is calculated only
once at the end of each trading day based upon the relevant end-of-day
values of the Trust's investments. The IIV will be widely disseminated
on a per-Share basis every 15 seconds during the Regular Market Session
through the facilities of the relevant securities information processor
by market data vendors. In addition, the IIV will be available through
online information services, such as Bloomberg and Reuters.
Quotation and last sale information for DOT is disseminated through
a variety of major market data vendors. Information related to trading,
including price and volume information, in DOT
[[Page 12026]]
is available from major market data vendors and from the trading
platforms on which DOT are traded. The normal trading hours for DOT
trading platforms are 24 hours per day, 365 days per year.
Information regarding market price and trading volume of the Shares
will be continually available on a real-time basis throughout the day
on brokers' computer screens and other electronic services. Information
regarding the previous day's Nasdaq official closing price and trading
volume information for the Shares will be published daily in the
financial section of newspapers.
Applicable Standard
The Commission has historically approved or disapproved exchange
filings to list and trade series of Trust Issued Receipts, including
spot-based Commodity-Based Trust Shares, on the basis of whether the
listing exchange has in place a comprehensive surveillance sharing
agreement with a regulated market of significant size related to the
underlying commodity to be held.\22\ The Commission has also
consistently recognized, however, that this is not the exclusive means
by which an ETP listing exchange can meet this statutory
obligation.\23\ A listing exchange could, alternatively, demonstrate
that ``other means to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and
practices will be sufficient'' to justify dispensing with a
surveillance-sharing agreement with a regulated market of significant
size.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\22\ See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 78262 (July 8,
2016), 81 FR 78262 (July 14. 2016) (the ``Winklevoss Proposal'').
The Winklevoss Proposal was subsequently disapproved by the
Commission. See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 83723 (July 26,
2018), 83 FR 37579 (August 1, 2018) (the ``Winklevoss Order'').
Prior orders from the Commission have pointed out that in every
prior approval order for Commodity-Based Trust Shares, there has
been a derivatives market that represents the regulated market of
significant size, generally a Commodity Futures Trading Commission
(the ``CFTC'') regulated futures market. Further to this point, the
Commission's prior orders have noted that the spot commodities and
currency markets for which it has previously approved spot ETPs are
generally unregulated and that the Commission relied on the
underlying futures market as the regulated market of significant
size that formed the basis for approving the series of Currency and
Commodity-Based Trust Shares, including gold, silver, platinum,
palladium, copper, and other commodities and currencies. The
Commission specifically noted in the Winklevoss Order that the
approval order issued related to the first spot gold ETP ``was based
on an assumption that the currency market and the spot gold market
were largely unregulated.'' See Winklevoss Order at 37592. As such,
the regulated market of significant size test does not require that
the spot market be regulated in order for the Commission to approve
this proposal, and precedent makes clear that an underlying market
for a spot commodity or currency being a regulated market would
actually be an exception to the norm. These largely unregulated
currency and commodity markets do not provide the same protections
as the markets that are subject to the Commission's oversight, but
the Commission has consistently looked to surveillance sharing
agreements with the underlying futures market in order to determine
whether such products were consistent with the Act. See Securities
Exchange Act No. 99306 (January 10, 2024), 89 FR 3008 (January 17,
2024) (Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; The Nasdaq
Stock Market LLC; Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.; Order Granting
Accelerated Approval of Proposed Rule Changes, as Modified by
Amendments Thereto, To List and Trade Bitcoin-Based Commodity-Based
Trust Shares and Trust Units) (the ``Spot Bitcoin ETP Approval
Order''); 100224 (May 23, 2024), 89 FR 46937 (May 30, 2024) (Self-
Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; The Nasdaq Stock Market
LLC; Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.; Order Granting Accelerated Approval of
Proposed Rule Changes, as Modified by Amendments Thereto, To List
and Trade Shares of Ether-Based Exchange-Traded Products) (the
``Spot ETH ETP Approval Order'').
\23\ See Winklevoss Order, 83 FR at 37580; see Spot Bitcoin ETP
Approval Order, 89 FR at 3009; see Spot ETH ETP Approval Order 89 FR
at 46938.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Commission has issued orders granting approval for proposals to
list bitcoin- and ether-based commodity trust shares and bitcoin- and
ether-based trust issued receipts (these proposed funds are nearly
identical to the Trust, but proposed to hold bitcoin and ether,
respectively, instead of DOT) (``Spot Bitcoin ETPs'' and ``Spot ETH
ETPs''). In both the Spot Bitcoin ETP Approval Order and Spot ETH ETP
Approval Order, the Commission found that sufficient ``other means'' of
preventing fraud and manipulation had been demonstrated that justified
dispensing with a surveillance-sharing agreement with a market of
significant size. Specifically, the Commission found that while the
Chicago Mercantile Exchange (``CME'') futures market for both bitcoin
and ether were not of ``significant size'' with respect to the spot
market, the Exchange demonstrated that other means could be reasonably
expected to assist in surveilling for fraudulent and manipulative acts
and practices in the specific context of the proposals.
As further discussed below, both the Exchange and the Sponsor
believe that this proposal and the analysis to be included are
sufficient to establish that there are sufficient ``other means'' of
preventing fraud and manipulation that warrant dispensing of the
surveillance-sharing agreement with a regulated market of significant
size, as was done with both Spot Bitcoin ETPs and Spot ETH ETPs, and
that this proposal should be approved.
The Commission has approved numerous series of Trust Issued
Receipts,\24\ including Commodity-Based Trust Shares,\25\ to be listed
on U.S. national securities exchanges. In order for any proposed rule
change from an exchange to be approved, the Commission must determine
that, among other things, the proposal is consistent with the
requirements of Section 6(b)(5) of the Act, specifically including: (i)
the requirement that a national securities exchange's rules are
designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices; and
(ii) the requirement that an exchange proposal be designed, in general,
to protect investors and the public interest. The Exchange believes
that this proposal is consistent with the requirements of Section
6(b)(5) of the Act.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\24\ Pursuant to Nasdaq Rule 5720(a), the term ``Trust Issued
Receipt'' means a security (a) that is issued by a trust which holds
specified securities deposited with the trust; (b) that, when
aggregated in some specified minimum number, may be surrendered to
the trust by the beneficial owner to receive the securities; and (c)
that pays beneficial owners dividends and other distributions on the
deposited securities, if any are declared and paid to the trustee by
an issuer of the deposited securities.
\25\ Pursuant to Nasdaq Rule 5711(d)(iv), the term ``Commodity-
Based Trust Shares'' means a security (1) that is issued by a trust
that holds (a) a specified commodity deposited with the trust, or
(b) a specified commodity and, in addition to such specified
commodity, cash; (2) that is issued by such trust in a specified
aggregate minimum number in return for a deposit of a quantity of
the underlying commodity and/or cash; and (3) that, when aggregated
in the same specified minimum number, may be redeemed at a holder's
request by such trust which will deliver to the redeeming holder the
quantity of the underlying commodity and/or cash.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
As noted above, the Commission has recognized that the ``regulated
market of significant size'' standard is not the only means for
satisfying Section 6(b)(5) of the Act, specifically providing that a
listing exchange could demonstrate that ``other means to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices'' are sufficient to
justify dispensing with the requisite surveillance-sharing
agreement.\26\ For example, in approving the Spot Bitcoin ETPs, the
Commission found that there were ``sufficient `other means' of
preventing fraud and manipulation,'' including that:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\26\ See Winklevoss Order at 37580. The Commission has also
specifically noted that it ``is not applying a `cannot be
manipulated' standard; instead, the Commission is examining whether
the proposal meets the requirements of the Exchange Act and,
pursuant to its Rules of Practice, places the burden on the listing
exchange to demonstrate the validity of its contentions and to
establish that the requirements of the Exchange Act have been met.''
Id. at 37582.
[B]ased on the record before the Commission and the improved
quality of the correlation analysis in the record, including the
Commission's own analysis, the Commission is able to conclude that
fraud or manipulation that impacts prices in spot bitcoin markets
would likely similarly impact CME bitcoin futures prices. And
because the CME's surveillance can assist in detecting those impacts
on CME bitcoin
[[Page 12027]]
futures prices, the Exchanges' comprehensive surveillance-sharing
agreement with the CME--a U.S. regulated market whose bitcoin
futures market is consistently highly correlated to spot bitcoin,
albeit not of ``significant size'' related to spot bitcoin--can be
reasonably expected to assist in surveilling for fraudulent and
manipulative acts and practices in the specific context of the [Spot
Bitcoin ETPs].\27\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\27\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 99306 (January 10,
2024), 89 FR 3008 (January 17, 2024) (Order Granting Accelerated
Approval of Proposed Rule Changes, as Modified by Amendments
Thereto, To List and Trade Shares of Bitcoin-Based Commodity-Based
Trust Shares and Trust Units). The SEC made substantially similar
findings in the approval order for Spot ETH ETPs. See Securities
Exchange Act Release No. 100224 (May 23, 2024), 89 FR 46937 (May 30,
2024) (Order Granting Accelerated Approval of Proposed Rule Changes,
as Modified by Amendments Thereto, To List and Trade Shares of
Ether-Based Exchange-Traded Products).
Today, Coinbase Derivatives, LLC (``Coinbase Derivatives'') offers
trading in DOT futures. Nasdaq has a comprehensive surveillance-sharing
agreement with Coinbase Derivatives via its common membership in the
Intermarket Surveillance Group (``ISG'').\28\ This facilitates the
sharing of information that is available to Coinbase Derivatives
through its surveillance of its markets, including its surveillance of
Coinbase Derivatives' DOT futures market. Similar to the Spot Bitcoin
and Spot ETH ETPs previously approved by the SEC, Nasdaq's ability to
obtain information regarding trading in the DOT futures from other
markets that are members of the ISG (specifically Coinbase Derivatives)
would assist Nasdaq in detecting and deterring misconduct.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\28\ For a list of the current members and affiliate members of
ISG, see https://isgportal.org/public-members.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Initial and Continued Listing
The Shares will be subject to Nasdaq Rule 5711(d)(vi), which sets
forth the initial and continued listing criteria applicable to
Commodity-Based Trust Shares. The Exchange will obtain a representation
that the Trust's NAV per Share will be calculated daily and will be
made available to all market participants at the same time. A minimum
of 40,000 Shares will be required to be outstanding at the time of
commencement of trading on the Exchange. Upon termination of the Trust,
the Shares will be removed from listing. The Trustee will be a trust
company having substantial capital and surplus and the experience and
facilities for handling corporate trust business, as required under
Nasdaq Rule 5711(d)(vi)(D) and no change will be made to the Trustee
without prior notice to and approval of the Exchange.
As required in Nasdaq Rule 5711(d)(viii), the Exchange notes that
any registered market maker (``Market Maker'') in the Shares must file
with the Exchange, in a manner prescribed by the Exchange, and keep
current a list identifying all accounts for trading the underlying
commodity, related futures or options on futures, or any other related
derivatives, which the registered Market Maker may have or over which
it may exercise investment discretion. No registered Market Maker in
the Shares shall trade in the underlying commodity, related futures or
options on futures, or any other related derivatives, in an account in
which a registered Market Maker, directly or indirectly, controls
trading activities, or has a direct interest in the profits or losses
thereof, which has not been reported to the Exchange as required by
Nasdaq Rule 5711(d). In addition to the existing obligations under
Exchange rules regarding the production of books and records, the
registered Market Maker in the Shares shall make available to the
Exchange such books, records or other information pertaining to
transactions by such entity or any limited partner, officer or approved
person thereof, registered or non-registered employee affiliated with
such entity for its or their own accounts in the underlying commodity,
related futures or options on futures, or any other related
derivatives, as may be requested by the Exchange.
The Exchange is able to obtain information regarding trading in the
Shares and the underlying DOT, DOT futures contracts, or any other DOT
derivative through members acting as registered Market Makers, in
connection with their proprietary or customer trades.
As a general matter, the Exchange has regulatory jurisdiction over
its members, and their associated persons. The Exchange also has
regulatory jurisdiction over any person or entity controlling a member,
as well as a subsidiary or affiliate of a member that is in the
securities business. A subsidiary or affiliate of a member organization
that does business only in commodities would not be subject to Exchange
jurisdiction, but the Exchange could obtain information regarding the
activities of such subsidiary or affiliate through surveillance sharing
agreements with regulatory organizations of which such subsidiary or
affiliate is a member.
Trading Rules
The Exchange deems the Shares to be equity securities, thus
rendering trading in the Shares subject to the Exchange's existing
rules governing the trading of equity securities. The Exchange will
allow trading in the Shares from 4:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. ET. The
Exchange has appropriate rules to facilitate transactions in the Shares
during all trading sessions. The Shares of the Trust will conform to
the initial and continued listing criteria set forth in Nasdaq Rule
5711(d) and will comply with the requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the Act.
Trading Halts
With respect to trading halts, the Exchange may consider all
relevant factors in exercising its discretion to halt or suspend
trading in the Shares. The Exchange will halt trading in the Shares
under the conditions specified in Nasdaq Rules 4120 and 4121, including
without limitation the conditions specified in Nasdaq Rule 4120(a)(9)
and (10) and the trading pauses under Nasdaq Rules 4120(a)(11) and
(12).
Trading may be halted because of market conditions or for reasons
that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in the Shares
inadvisable. These may include: (1) the extent to which trading is not
occurring in the DOT underlying the Shares; or (2) whether other
unusual conditions or circumstances detrimental to the maintenance of a
fair and orderly market are present.
If the IIV or the value of the Index is not being disseminated as
required, the Exchange may halt trading during the day in which the
interruption to the dissemination of the IIV or the value of the Index
occurs. If the interruption to the dissemination of the IIV or the
value of the Index persists past the trading day in which it occurred,
the Exchange will halt trading no later than the beginning of the
trading day following the interruption.
In addition, if the Exchange becomes aware that the NAV per Share
with respect to the Shares is not disseminated to all market
participants at the same time, it will halt trading in the Shares until
such time as the NAV per Share is available to all market participants.
Surveillance
The Exchange believes that its surveillance procedures are adequate
to properly monitor the trading of the Shares on the Exchange during
all trading sessions and to deter and detect violations of Exchange
rules and the applicable federal securities laws. The surveillance
program includes real-time patterns for price and volume movements and
post-trade surveillance patterns (e.g., spoofing, marking the close,
pinging, phishing). Trading of Shares on the Exchange will be subject
[[Page 12028]]
to the Exchange's surveillance program for derivative products, as well
as cross-market surveillances administered by FINRA, on behalf of the
Exchange pursuant to a regulatory services agreement, which are also
designed to detect violations of Exchange rules and applicable federal
securities laws. The Exchange is responsible for FINRA's performance
under this regulatory services agreement.
The Exchange will require the Trust to represent to the Exchange
that it will advise the Exchange of any failure by the Trust to comply
with the continued listing requirements, and, pursuant to its
obligations under Section 19(g)(1) of the Exchange Act, the Exchange
will surveil for compliance with the continued listing requirements. If
the Trust is not in compliance with the applicable listing
requirements, the Exchange will commence delisting procedures under the
Nasdaq 5800 Series. In addition, the Exchange also has a general policy
prohibiting the distribution of material, non-public information by its
employees.
The Exchange or FINRA, on behalf of the Exchange, or both, will
communicate as needed regarding trading in the Shares with other
markets and other entities that are members of the ISG, and the
Exchange or FINRA, on behalf of the Exchange, or both, may obtain
trading information regarding trading in the Shares and listed DOT
futures from such markets and other entities. The Exchange also may
obtain information regarding trading in the Shares, listed DOT futures
via the ISG, from other exchanges who are members or affiliates of the
DOT, or with which the Exchange has entered into a comprehensive
surveillance sharing agreement.
Information Circular
Prior to the commencement of trading, the Exchange will inform its
members in an information circular (``Information Circular'') of the
special characteristics and risks associated with trading the Shares.
Specifically, the Information Circular will discuss the following: (1)
the procedures for creations and redemptions of Shares in Baskets (and
that Shares are not individually redeemable); (2) Section 10 of Nasdaq
General Rule 9, which imposes suitability obligations on Nasdaq members
with respect to recommending transactions in the Shares to customers;
(3) how information regarding the IIV and NAV is disseminated; (4) the
risks involved in trading the Shares during the pre-market and post-
market sessions when an updated IIV will not be calculated or publicly
disseminated; (5) the requirement that members deliver a prospectus to
investors purchasing newly issued Shares prior to or concurrently with
the confirmation of a transaction; and (6) trading information. The
Information Circular will also discuss any exemptive, no action and
interpretive relief granted by the Commission from any rules under the
Act.
The Information Circular will also reference the fact that there is
no regulated source of last sale information regarding DOT, that the
Commission has no jurisdiction over the trading of DOT as a commodity.
Additionally, the Information Circular will reference that the
Trust is subject to various fees and expenses described in the
Registration Statement. The Information Circular will also disclose the
trading hours of the Shares. The Information Circular will disclose
that information about the Shares will be publicly available on the
Trust's website.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that its proposal is consistent with Section
6(b) of the Act,\29\ in general, and furthers the objectives of Section
6(b)(5) of the Act,\30\ in particular, in that it is designed to
promote just and equitable principles of trade, to remove impediments
to and perfect the mechanism of a free and open market and a national
market system, and, in general to protect investors and the public
interest.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\29\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
\30\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Commission has approved numerous series of Trust Issued
Receipts, including Commodity-Based Trust Shares, to be listed on U.S.
national securities exchanges. In order for any proposed rule change
from an exchange to be approved, the Commission must determine that,
among other things, the proposal is consistent with the requirements of
Section 6(b)(5) of the Act, specifically including: (i) the requirement
that a national securities exchange's rules are designed to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices; and (ii) the
requirement that an exchange proposal be designed, in general, to
protect investors and the public interest. The Exchange believes that
this proposal is consistent with the requirements of Section 6(b)(5) of
the Act.
As noted above, the Commission has recognized that the ``regulated
market of significant size'' standard is not the only means for
satisfying Section 6(b)(5) of the act, specifically providing that a
listing exchange could demonstrate that ``other means to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices'' are sufficient to
justify dispensing with the requisite surveillance-sharing agreement
with the underlying spot market. The Exchange and Sponsor believe that
such conditions are present. As discussed above, in approving the Spot
Bitcoin ETPs, the Commission found that there were ``sufficient `other
means' of preventing fraud and manipulation,'' including that:
[B]ased on the record before the Commission and the improved
quality of the correlation analysis in the record, including the
Commission's own analysis, the Commission is able to conclude that
fraud or manipulation that impacts prices in spot bitcoin markets
would likely similarly impact CME bitcoin futures prices. And
because the CME's surveillance can assist in detecting those impacts
on CME bitcoin futures prices, the Exchanges' comprehensive
surveillance-sharing agreement with the CME--a U.S. regulated market
whose bitcoin futures market is consistently highly correlated to
spot bitcoin, albeit not of ``significant size'' related to spot
bitcoin--can be reasonably expected to assist in surveilling for
fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices in the specific
context of the [Spot Bitcoin ETPs].\31\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\31\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 99306 (January 10,
2024), 89 FR 3008 (January 17, 2024) (Order Granting Accelerated
Approval of Proposed Rule Changes, as Modified by Amendments
Thereto, To List and Trade Shares of Bitcoin-Based Commodity-Based
Trust Shares and Trust Units). The SEC made substantially similar
findings in the approval order for spot ether ETPs. See Securities
Exchange Act Release No. 100224 (May 23, 2024), 89 FR 46937 (May 30,
2024) (Order Granting Accelerated Approval of Proposed Rule Changes,
as Modified by Amendments Thereto, To List and Trade Shares of
Ether-Based Exchange-Traded Products).
As discussed above, Coinbase Derivatives offers trading in DOT
futures. Nasdaq has a comprehensive surveillance-sharing agreement with
Coinbase Derivatives via its common membership in ISG, which
facilitates the sharing of information that is available to Coinbase
Derivatives through its surveillance of its markets, including its
surveillance of Coinbase Derivatives' DOT futures market. Similar to
the Spot Bitcoin and Spot ETH ETPs previously approved by the SEC,
Nasdaq's ability to obtain information regarding trading in the DOT
futures from other markets that are members of the ISG (specifically
Coinbase Derivatives) would assist Nasdaq in detecting and deterring
misconduct.
The Exchange further believes that the proposed rule change is
designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices and
to protect
[[Page 12029]]
investors and the public interest in that the Shares will be listed and
traded on the Exchange pursuant to the initial and continued listing
criteria set forth in Nasdaq Rule 5711(d). The Exchange has in place
surveillance procedures that are adequate to properly monitor trading
in the Shares in all trading sessions and to deter and detect
violations of Exchange rules and applicable federal securities laws. As
discussed above, the surveillance program includes real-time patterns
for price and volume movements and post-trade surveillance patterns
(e.g., spoofing, marking the close, pinging, phishing). Trading of
Shares on the Exchange will be subject to the Exchange's surveillance
program for derivative products, as well as cross-market surveillances
administered by FINRA, on behalf of the Exchange pursuant to a
regulatory services agreement, which are also designed to detect
violations of Exchange rules and applicable federal securities laws.
The Exchange is responsible for FINRA's performance under this
regulatory services agreement.
The Exchange will require the Trust to represent to the Exchange
that it will advise the Exchange of any failure by the Trust to comply
with the continued listing requirements, and, pursuant to its
obligations under Section 19(g)(1) of the Exchange Act, the Exchange
will surveil for compliance with the continued listing requirements. If
the Trust is not in compliance with the applicable listing
requirements, the Exchange will commence delisting procedures under the
Nasdaq 5800 Series. In addition, the Exchange also has a general policy
prohibiting the distribution of material, non-public information by its
employees.
The Exchange will communicate as needed regarding trading in the
Shares with other markets and other entities that are members of the
ISG, and the Exchange may obtain trading information regarding trading
in the Shares and listed DOT futures from such markets and other
entities.
Trading in Shares of the Trust will be halted if the circuit
breaker parameters have been reached or because of market conditions or
for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in the
Shares inadvisable. These may include unusual conditions or
circumstances detrimental to the maintenance of a fair and orderly
market.
The proposed rule change is designed to perfect the mechanism of a
free and open market and, in general, to protect investors and the
public interest in that it will facilitate the listing and trading of
Shares that will enhance competition among market participants, to the
benefit of investors and the marketplace.
For all the above reasons, the Exchange believes that the proposed
rule change is consistent with the requirements of Section 6(b)(5) of
the Act.
B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will
impose any burden on competition not necessary or appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act. The Exchange notes that the
proposed rule change rather will facilitate the listing and trading of
additional exchange-traded product that will enhance competition among
both market participants and listing venues, to the benefit of
investors and the marketplace.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were either solicited or received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of publication of this notice in the
Federal Register or within such longer period up to 90 days (i) as the
Commission may designate if it finds such longer period to be
appropriate and publishes its reasons for so finding or (ii) as to
which the Exchange consents, the Commission shall: (a) by order approve
or disapprove such proposed rule change, or (b) institute proceedings
to determine whether the proposed rule change should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change, is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to [email protected]. Please include
file number SR-NASDAQ-2025-019 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to file number SR-NASDAQ-2025-019. This
file number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To
help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's internet website (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to
the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and
printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of 10
a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for
inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. Do not
include personal identifiable information in submissions; you should
submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. We
may redact in part or withhold entirely from publication submitted
material that is obscene or subject to copyright protection. All
submissions should refer to file number SR-NASDAQ-2025-019 and should
be submitted on or before April 3, 2025.
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\32\
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\32\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2025-03968 Filed 3-12-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P