[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 44 (Friday, March 7, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 11500-11503]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2025-03608]


=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R04-OAR-2024-0174; FRL-12570-01-R4]


Air Plan Approval; Alabama; Administrative Corrections and VOC 
Definition

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to 
approve a State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision submitted by the 
State of Alabama, through the Alabama Department of Environmental 
Management (ADEM) on December 20, 2023. The revision modifies the 
State's air quality regulations as incorporated into the SIP by 
changing the definition of ``volatile organic compounds'' (VOC) to be 
consistent with Federal regulations. The revision also addresses 
typographical errors and increases clarity and consistency with EPA's 
definitions and Alabama's Legislative Services Agency requirements.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before April 7, 2025.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R04-
OAR-2024-0174 at regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for 
submitting comments. Once submitted, comments cannot be edited or 
removed from Regulations.gov. EPA may publish any comment received to 
its public docket. Do not submit electronically any information you 
consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia 
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written 
comment. The written comment is considered the official comment and 
should include discussion of all points you wish to make. EPA will 
generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of 
the primary submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing 
system). For additional submission methods, the full EPA public comment 
policy, information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and general 
guidance on making effective comments, please visit https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Weston Freund, Air Regulatory 
Management Section, Air Planning and Implementation Branch, Air and 
Radiation Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, 61 
Forsyth Street SW, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8960. The telephone number is 
(404) 562-8773. Mr. Freund can also be reached via electronic mail at 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. EPA's Analysis of Alabama's Submittal

A. Chapter No. 335-3-1, General Provisions

    Tropospheric ozone occurs when VOC and nitrogen oxides 
(NOX) react in the atmosphere in the presence of sunlight. 
Because of the harmful health effects of ozone, EPA and State 
governments implement rules to limit the amount of certain VOC and 
NOX that can be released into the atmosphere. VOC have 
different levels of reactivity; they do not react at the same speed or 
do not form ozone to the same extent. Section 302(s) of the Clean Air 
Act (CAA or Act) specifies that EPA has the authority to define the 
meaning of ``VOC'' and, hence, what compounds shall be treated as VOC 
for regulatory purposes.
    EPA determines whether a given carbon compound has ``negligible'' 
reactivity by comparing the compound's reactivity to the reactivity of 
ethane. EPA's longstanding policy is that compounds of carbon with 
negligible reactivity need not be regulated to reduce ozone and should 
be excluded from the regulatory definition of VOC. See 42 FR 35314 
(July 8, 1977), 70 FR 54046 (September 13, 2005). EPA lists these 
compounds in its regulations at 40 CFR 51.100(s) and excludes them from 
the definition of VOC. The chemicals on this list are often called 
``negligibly reactive.'' EPA may periodically revise the list of 
negligibly reactive compounds to add or delete compounds. EPA last 
approved the aforementioned compounds listed in Alabama Administrative 
Code Rule 335-3-1-.02(1)(gggg) ``Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)'' on 
September 21, 2020. See 85 FR 59192.
    EPA is proposing to approve the change to the Alabama SIP submitted 
by

[[Page 11501]]

the State of Alabama through a letter dated December 20, 2023, that 
revises the definition of VOC by adding ``trans-1,1,1,4,4,4 
hexafluorobut-2-ene (HFO-1336mzz(E))'' to the list of organic compounds 
that are not considered VOCs. This is done in accordance with EPA's 
revision of its VOC definition at 40 CFR 51.100(s) on February 8, 2023. 
See 88 FR 8226. EPA proposes to find that this change to the SIP will 
not interfere with attainment or maintenance of any national ambient 
air quality standards, reasonable further progress, or any other 
applicable requirement of the CAA, consistent with CAA section 110(l), 
because EPA has found this chemical to be negligibly reactive.

B. Chapter No. 335-3-5, Control of Sulfur Compound Emissions

    Alabama Administrative Code Rules 335-3-5-.06 through 335-3-5-.36, 
were initially approved into the Alabama SIP on August 31, 2016. See 81 
FR 59869. That rulemaking approved Alabama's Transport Rule (TR) sulfur 
dioxide (SO2) Group 2 Trading Program requiring Alabama EGUs 
to participate in new Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (CSAPR) State 
trading programs for annual SO2 emissions integrated with 
the CSAPR Federal trading programs, replacing the corresponding Federal 
implementation plan (FIP) requirements.
    The December 20, 2023, submittal removes the text ``(1) General'', 
``(1)'', or ``General'' from the beginning of the following rules to be 
in line with Alabama's Legislative Services Agency requirements: 335-3-
5-.10, TR SO2 Trading Program--Computation of Time; 335-3-5-.11, 
Administrative Appeal Procedures; 335-3-5-.14, Authorization of 
Designated Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; 335-
3-5-.15, Responsibilities of Designated Representative and Alternate 
Designated Representative; 335-3-5-.16, Changing Designated 
Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; Changes in 
Owners and Operators; Changes in Units at the Source; 335-3-5-.17, 
Certificate of Representation; 335-3-5-.19, Delegation by Designated 
Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; 335-3-5-.22, 
Recordation of TR SO2 Allowance Allocations and Auction Results; 335-3-
5-.23, Submission of TR SO2 Allowance Transfers; 335-3-5-.24, 
Recordation of TR SO2 Allowance Transfers; 335-3-5-.25, Compliance with 
TR SO2 Emissions Limitation; 335-3-5-.26, Compliance with TR SO2 
Assurance Provisions; 335-3-5-.28, Account Error; 335-3-5-.29, 
Administrator's Action on Submissions; 335-3-5-.33, Monitoring System 
Out-of-Control Periods; 335-3-5-.34, Notifications Concerning 
Monitoring; 335-3-5-.35, Recordkeeping and Reporting; and 335-3-5-.36, 
Petitions for Alternatives to Monitoring, Recordkeeping, or Reporting 
Requirements.
    EPA proposes to find that these changes to the SIP will not 
interfere with attainment or maintenance of any national ambient air 
quality standard, reasonable further progress, or any other applicable 
requirement of the CAA, consistent with CAA section 110(l), because 
they are administrative in nature.

C. Chapter No. 335-3-8, Nitrogen Oxides Emissions

    EPA initially approved ADEM Administrative Code Rules 335-3-8-.07 
through 335-3-5-.38 into the Alabama SIP on August 31, 2016. See 81 FR 
59869. These rules pertain to Alabama's TR nitrogen oxides 
(NOX) Annual Trading Program requiring Alabama Electricity 
Generating Units (EGUs) to participate in new CSAPR State trading 
programs for annual NOX emissions integrated with the CSAPR 
Federal trading programs, replacing the corresponding FIP requirements. 
The December 20, 2023, submittal removes the text ``(1) General'', 
``(1)'', or ``General'' from the beginning of the following rules to be 
in line with Alabama's Legislative Services Agency requirements: 335-3-
8-.11, TR NOX Annual Trading Program--Computation of Time, 335-3-8-.12 
Administrative Appeal Procedures, 335-3-8-.16, Authorization of 
Designated Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; 335-
3-8-.17, Responsibilities of Designated Representative and Alternate 
Designated Representative; 335-3-8-.18 Changing Designated 
Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; Changes in 
Owners and Operators; Changes in Units at the Source; 335-3-8-.19, 
Certificate of Representation; 335-3-8-.21, Delegation by Designated 
Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; 335-3-8-.24, 
Recordation of TR NOX Annual Allowance Allocations and Auction Results; 
335-3-8-.25, Submission of TR NOX Annual Allowance Transfers; 335-3-
8-.26, Recordation of TR NOX Annual Allowance Transfers; 335-3-8-.27, 
Compliance with TR NOX Annual Emissions Limitation; 335-3-8-.28, 
Compliance with TR NOX Annual Assurance Provisions; 335-3-8-.30, 
Account Error; 335-3-8-.31, Administrator's Action on Submissions, 335-
3-8-.35, Monitoring System Out-of-Control Periods; 335-3-8-.36, 
Notifications Concerning Monitoring; 335-3-8-.37, Recordkeeping and 
Reporting; and 335-3-8-.38, Petitions for Alternatives to Monitoring, 
Recordkeeping, or Reporting Requirements.
    EPA initially approved ADEM Administrative Code Rules 335-3-8-.39 
through 335-3-8-.70 on October 6, 2017. See 82 FR 46674. These rules 
pertain to Alabama's TR NOX Ozone Season Trading Program 
requiring Alabama EGUs to participate in new CSAPR State trading 
programs for ozone season NOX emissions integrated with the 
CSAPR Federal trading programs, replacing the corresponding FIP 
requirements. The December 20, 2023, submittal removes the text ``(1) 
General'', ``(1)'', or ``General'' from the beginning of the following 
rules to be in line with Alabama's Legislative Services Agency 
requirements: 335-3-8-.43, TR NOX Ozone Season Group 2 Trading 
Program--Computation of Time; 335-3-8-.44, Administrative Appeal 
Procedures; 335-3-8-.48, Authorization of Designated Representative and 
Alternate Designated Representative; 335-3-8-.49, Responsibilities of 
Designated Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; 335-
3-8-.50, Changing Designated Representative and Alternate Designated 
Representative; Changes in Owners and Operators; Changes in Units at 
the Source; 335-3-8-.51, Certificate of Representation; 335-3-8-.53, 
Delegation by Designated Representative and Alternate Designated 
Representative; 335-3-8-.56, Recordation of TR NOX Ozone Season Group 2 
Allowance Allocations and Auction Results; 335-3-8-.57, Submission of 
TR NOX Ozone Season Group 2 Allowance Transfers; 335-3-8-.58, 
Recordation of TR NOX Ozone Season Group 2 Allowance Transfers; 335-3-
8-.59, Compliance with TR NOX Ozone Season Group 2 Emissions 
Limitation; 335-3-8-.60, Compliance with TR NOX Ozone Season Group 2 
Assurance Provisions; 335-3-8-.62, TR NOX Ozone Season Group 2 Trading 
Program--Account Error; 335-3-8-.63, TR NOX Ozone Season Group 2 
Trading Program--Administrator's Action on Submissions; 335-3-8-.67, 
Monitoring System Out-of-Control Periods; 335-3-8-.68, Notifications 
Concerning Monitoring; 335-3-8-.69, Recordkeeping and Reporting; and 
335-3-8-.70, Petitions for Alternatives to

[[Page 11502]]

Monitoring, Recordkeeping, or Reporting Requirements.
    EPA initially approved Alabama Administrative Code Rule 335-3-
8-.71, ``NOX Budget Program,'' on July 7, 2021. See 86 FR 35610. This 
rule reestablished enforceable limits on ozone season NOX 
mass emissions for certain sources as required by EPA's NOX 
SIP Call regulations. In Rule 335-3-8-.71, the text ``[New Rule]'' is 
removed from the title line, to be consistent with Alabama's 
Legislative Services Agency requirements.
    EPA proposes to find that these changes to the SIP will not 
interfere with attainment or maintenance of any national ambient air 
quality standard, reasonable further progress, or any other applicable 
requirement of the CAA, consistent with CAA section 110(l), because 
they are administrative in nature.

II. Incorporation by Reference

    In this document, EPA is proposing to include in a final EPA rule 
regulatory text that includes incorporation by reference. In accordance 
with requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, and as discussed in Section I of this 
preamble, EPA is proposing to incorporate by reference Alabama 
Administrative Code Rule 335-3-1-.02, Definitions; Rules 335-3-5-.10, 
TR SO2 Trading Program--Computation of Time; 335-3-5-.11, 
Administrative Appeal Procedures; 335-3-5-.14, Authorization of 
Designated Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; 335-
3-5-.15, Responsibilities of Designated Representative and Alternate 
Designated Representative; 335-3-5-.16, Changing Designated 
Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; Changes in 
Owners and Operators; Changes in Units at the Source; 335-3-5-.17, 
Certificate of Representation; 335-3-5-.19, Delegation by Designated 
Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; 335-3-5-.22, 
Recordation of TR SO2 Allowance Allocations and Auction Results; 335-3-
5-.23, Submission of TR SO2 Allowance Transfers; 335-3-5-.24, 
Recordation of TR SO2 Allowance Transfers; 335-3-5-.25, Compliance with 
TR SO2 Emissions Limitation; 335-3-5-.26, Compliance with TR SO2 
Assurance Provisions; 335-3-5-.28, Account Error; 335-3-5-.29, 
Administrator's Action on Submissions; 335-3-5-.33, Monitoring System 
Out-of-Control Periods; 335-3-5-.34, Notifications Concerning 
Monitoring; 335-3-5-.35, Recordkeeping and Reporting; and 335-3-5-.36, 
Petitions for Alternatives to Monitoring, Recordkeeping, or Reporting 
Requirements; and Rules 335-3-8-.11, TR NOX Annual Trading Program--
Computation of Time, 335-3-8-.12 Administrative Appeal Procedures, 335-
3-8-.16, Authorization of Designated Representative and Alternate 
Designated Representative; 335-3-8-.17, Responsibilities of Designated 
Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; 335-3-8-.18 
Changing Designated Representative and Alternate Designated 
Representative; Changes in Owners and Operators; Changes in Units at 
the Source; 335-3-8-.19, Certificate of Representation; 335-3-8-.21, 
Delegation by Designated Representative and Alternate Designated 
Representative; 335-3-8-.24, Recordation of TR NOX Annual Allowance 
Allocations and Auction Results; 335-3-8-.25, Submission of TR NOX  
Annual Allowance Transfers; 335-3-8-.26, Recordation of TR NOX  Annual 
Allowance Transfers; 335-3-8-.27, Compliance with TR NOX  Annual 
Emissions Limitation; 335-3-8-.28, Compliance with TR NOX  Annual 
Assurance Provisions; 335-3-8-.30, Account Error; 335-3-8-.31, 
Administrator's Action on Submissions, 335-3-8-.35, Monitoring System 
Out-of-Control Periods; 335-3-8-.36, Notifications Concerning 
Monitoring; 335-3-8-.37, Recordkeeping and Reporting; 335-3-8-.38, 
Petitions for Alternatives to Monitoring, Recordkeeping, or Reporting 
Requirements; 335-3-8-.43, TR NOX  Ozone Season Group 2 Trading 
Program--Computation of Time; 335-3-8-.44, Administrative Appeal 
Procedures; 335-3-8-.48, Authorization of Designated Representative and 
Alternate Designated Representative; 335-3-8-.49, Responsibilities of 
Designated Representative and Alternate Designated Representative; 335-
3-8-.50, Changing Designated Representative and Alternate Designated 
Representative; Changes in Owners and Operators; Changes in Units at 
the Source; 335-3-8-.51, Certificate of Representation; 335-3-8-.53, 
Delegation by Designated Representative and Alternate Designated 
Representative; 335-3-8-.56, Recordation of TR NOX  Ozone Season Group 
2 Allowance Allocations and Auction Results; 335-3-8-.57, Submission of 
TR NOX  Ozone Season Group 2 Allowance Transfers; 335-3-8-.58, 
Recordation of TR NOX  Ozone Season Group 2 Allowance Transfers; 335-3-
8-.59, Compliance with TR NOX  Ozone Season Group 2 Emissions 
Limitation; 335-3-8-.60, Compliance with TR NOX  Ozone Season Group 2 
Assurance Provisions; 335-3-8-.62, TR NOX  Ozone Season Group 2 Trading 
Program--Account Error; 335-3-8-.63, TR NOX  Ozone Season Group 2 
Trading Program--Administrator's Action on Submissions; 335-3-8-.67, 
Monitoring System Out-of-Control Periods; 335-3-8-.68, Notifications 
Concerning Monitoring; 335-3-8-.69, Recordkeeping and Reporting; 335-3-
8-.70, Petitions for Alternatives to Monitoring, Recordkeeping, or 
Reporting Requirements; and 335-3-8-.71, NOX  Budget Program, State 
effective February 12, 2024, which address typographical errors and 
increase clarity and consistency with EPA's definitions and Alabama's 
Legislative Services Agency requirements. EPA has made, and will 
continue to make, these materials generally available through 
www.regulations.gov and at the EPA Region 4 office (please contact the 
person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of 
this preamble for more information).

III. Proposed Action

    EPA is proposing to approve Alabama's December 20, 2023, SIP 
revision consisting of the aforementioned changes to Chapter No. 335-3-
1, General Provisions; Chapter No. 335-3-5, Control of Sulfur Compound 
Emissions; and Chapter No. 335-3-8, Nitrogen Oxides Emissions because 
they are consistent with CAA requirements. Thus, EPA is proposing to 
incorporate these changes into Alabama's SIP.

IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP 
submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable 
Federal regulations. See 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in 
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve State choices, 
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this 
proposed action merely proposes to approve State law as meeting Federal 
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those 
imposed by State law. For that reason, this proposed action:
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review 
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 12866 (58 
FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
     Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);

[[Page 11503]]

     Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     Does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
     Is not subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, 
April 23, 1997) because it approves a State program;
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); and
     Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the CAA.
    In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian 
reservation land or in any other area where EPA or an Indian Tribe has 
demonstrated that a Tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian 
country, the proposed rule does not have Tribal implications and will 
not impose substantial direct costs on Tribal governments or preempt 
Tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 
9, 2000).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by 
reference, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Sulfur oxides, Volatile organic compounds.

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

    Dated: February 21, 2025.
Jeaneanne Gettle,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 4.
[FR Doc. 2025-03608 Filed 3-6-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P