[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 146 (Tuesday, July 30, 2024)]
[Notices]
[Pages 61207-61210]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2024-16659]


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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. 34-100585; File No. SR-NYSE-2024-21]


Self-Regulatory Organizations; New York Stock Exchange LLC; 
Notice of Filing of Amendment No. 2 and Order Granting Accelerated 
Approval of a Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by Amendment No. 2, To 
Amend Section 802.01D of the NYSE Listed Company Manual Concerning the 
Suspension and Delisting of a Listed Company That Has Changed Its 
Primary Business Focus

July 24, 2024.

I. Introduction

    On April 4, 2024, New York Stock Exchange LLC (``NYSE'' or the 
``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
(``Commission''), pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ a 
proposed rule change to permit the suspension and delisting of a listed 
company that has changed its primary business focus. On April 17, 2024, 
the Exchange filed Amendment No. 1 to the proposed rule change, which 
replaced and superseded the proposed rule change as originally 
filed.\3\ The proposed rule change, as modified by Amendment No. 1, was 
published for comment in the Federal Register on April 25, 2024.\4\ On 
June 6, 2024, the Commission designated a longer period for Commission 
action on the proposed rule change.\5\ On July 17, 2024, the Exchange 
filed Amendment No. 2 to the proposed rule change, which amended and 
superseded the original filing, as modified Amendment No. 1, in its 
entirety.\6\ The Commission has received no comment letters on the 
proposal. The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments 
on Amendment No. 2 from interested persons and is approving the 
proposed rule change, as modified by Amendment No. 2, on an accelerated 
basis.
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    \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
    \2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
    \3\ The full text of Amendment No. 1 is available on the 
Commission's website at: https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-nyse-2024-21/srnyse202421.htm.
    \4\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 99992 (April 19, 
2024), 89 FR 31783 (``Notice'').
    \5\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 100293 (June 6, 
2024), 89 FR 49926 (June 12, 2024) (extending the time period for 
Commission action to July 24, 2024).
    \6\ In Amendment No. 2, the Exchange revised the proposal to: 
(i) include a requirement that any company that undertakes a change 
in its primary business focus must promptly provide notice of such 
change in writing to the Exchange; (ii) amend the proposed rule text 
in relation to the additional factors the Exchange will consider to 
delete the phrase indicating that the Exchange will consider those 
additional factors ``where appropriate''; (iii) provide an 
explanation of why the Exchange will consider such additional 
factors; (iv) state that the Exchange will undertake its continued 
listing analysis regardless of whether the listed company provides 
the required notification to the Exchange; and (v) conform Form 19b-
4 to the changes being made to the proposed rule text. Amendment No. 
2 is available at https://www.sec.gov/comments/sr-nyse-2024-21/srnyse202421.htm.
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II. The Exchange's Description of the Proposed Rule Change, as Modified 
by Amendment No. 2 7
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    \7\ This Section II reproduces Amendment No. 2, as filed by the 
Exchange.
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    In its filing with the Commission, the self-regulatory organization 
included statements concerning the purpose of, and basis for, the 
proposed rule change and discussed any comments it received on the 
proposed rule change. The text of those statements may be examined at 
the places specified in Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared 
summaries, set forth in sections A, B, and C below, of the most 
significant parts of such statements.

A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and the 
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

1. Purpose
    SR-NYSE-2024-21 was originally filed on April 4, 2024. On April 17, 
2024, the Exchange filed Amendment No. 1 to the proposed rule change, 
which replaced and superseded the proposed rule change as originally 
filed. The proposed rule change, as modified by Amendment No. 1, was 
published for comment in the Federal Register on April 25, 2024.\8\ 
This Amendment No. 2 to SR-NYSE-2024-21 replaces and supersedes the 
original filing as modified by Amendment No. 1 in its entirety.\9\ 
Amendment No. 2 amends Amendment No. 1 to: (i) amend the proposed rule 
text to include a requirement that any company that undertakes a change 
in its primary business focus must promptly provide notice of such 
change in writing to the Exchange; (ii) amend the proposed rule text in 
relation to the additional factors the Exchange will consider to delete 
the phrase indicating that the Exchange will consider those additional 
factors ``where appropriate''; (iii) amend the Purpose section of the 
filing to provide an explanation of why the Exchange will consider such 
additional factors; (iv) amend the Purpose section to note that the 
Exchange will undertake its continued listing analysis regardless of 
whether the listed company provides the required notification to the 
Exchange; and (v) amend the Purpose section to conform it to the 
changes being made to the proposed rule text.
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    \8\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 99992 (April 19, 
2024), 89 FR 31783.
    \9\ See SR-NYSE-2024-21 (April 4, 2024).
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    It has been the Exchange's experience that listed companies 
occasionally change the focus of their operations from the business 
they were engaged in at the time of initial listing to a business line 
that is completely unrelated or that was not material at the time of 
its original listing. The Exchange is concerned that, in such 
circumstances, investors who acquired the company's stock prior to this 
change in operations (including, in many cases, in connection with the 
company's initial public offering) may have made their investment 
decision based on the company's disclosure about its original business 
and might not have made their investment if they had been aware of how 
the company would change. In addition, a wholesale change in business 
operations may give rise to a concern about the suitability for listing

[[Page 61208]]

of the company had it been in engaged in that line of business at the 
time of its application for listing. The Exchange notes that, in some 
circumstances, there has been significant downward price movement 
subsequent to such a change in business focus, which resulted in 
significant investor losses and an inability to meet exchange continued 
listing standards.\10\
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    \10\ For example, Bit Brother, a company listed on Nasdaq, 
initially focused on selling tea products but ultimately changed its 
business line to crypto. After three reverse splits, one of which 
was quite large (1000:1), the company was still unable to regain 
sustained compliance with listing standards. The stock was delisted 
from Nasdaq in February 2024. See https://www.wsj.com/finance/stocks/as-trading-frenzies-grip-penny-stocks-criticism-of-nasdaq-grows-8bd4118b (Feb 23, 2024).
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    In light of the foregoing, the Exchange proposes to amend Section 
802.01D of the Manual (``Other Criteria'') to include a new paragraph 
(``Change in Primary Business Focus'') providing that the Exchange may 
in its sole discretion subject a listed company to immediate suspension 
and delisting in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 
804.00 of the Manual if that listed company has changed its primary 
business focus to a new area of business that it was not engaged in at 
the time of its original listing or which was immaterial to its 
operations at the time of its original listing. The proposed rule text 
provides that any company that undertakes a change in its primary 
business focus must promptly provide notice of such change in writing 
to the Exchange. The Exchange will undertake the continued listing 
analysis and potentially take delisting action under the proposed 
provision regardless of whether the listed company complies with its 
obligation to provide written notification to the Exchange.
    Upon becoming aware of such a change in the company's primary 
business focus, by notification from the listed company or otherwise, 
the Exchange's Staff would conduct a thorough assessment of the 
company's suitability for continued listing in light of such change. 
The Exchange would focus its analysis on whether it would have accepted 
the listed company for initial listing if it had been engaged in its 
modified business at the time of original listing. The Exchange notes 
that this analysis will focus on the qualitative aspects of the 
company's suitability for listing and will not entail an application of 
the quantitative standards for initial listing. In conducting this 
analysis, the Exchange would take into consideration other changes that 
may have occurred in connection with the change in the company's 
primary business focus, including in all cases, but not limited to, any 
changes in the management, board of directors, voting power, ownership, 
and financial structure of the company. The Exchange notes that the 
additional factors enumerated in the proposed rule text are consistent 
with areas that would be part of any initial listing review and are 
therefore a necessary part of any consideration of whether the company 
would have been suitable for initial listing in the form it took after 
its change of primary business focus.
    The Exchange acknowledges that seeking to suspend and delist a 
company's stock under this revised rule would be an extraordinary 
action. The Exchange therefore anticipates seldom relying on this new 
discretionary authority, and only after thorough analysis of all 
relevant facts and circumstances.
    The lead-in to Section 802.01D provides that if any of the factors 
set forth in 802.01D apply to a listed company, the Exchange may in its 
sole discretion subject the company to the procedures outlined in 
Paras. 802.02 and 802.03, which provide noncompliant companies with an 
opportunity to cure their deficiencies. The Exchange proposes to add a 
parenthetical to this lead-in language to specify that, instead of 
applying the procedures outlined in Paras. 802.02 and 802.03, the 
Exchange will instead commence immediate suspension and delisting 
procedures if the individual paragraph of Section 802.01D so 
specifies). This proposed parenthetical provision in the lead-in to 
Section 802.01D will make the lead-in consistent with the Exchange's 
proposal to include a provision in the proposed new paragraph of that 
rule providing that any listed company that is deemed to be unsuitable 
for continued listing because of a change of business operations will 
be subject to immediate suspension and delisting procedures.
2. Statutory Basis
    The Exchange believes that the proposed rule change is consistent 
with Section 6(b) of the Act,\11\ in general, and furthers the 
objectives of Section 6(b)(5) of the Act \12\ in particular, in that it 
is designed to promote just and equitable principles of trade, to 
foster cooperation and coordination with persons engaged in regulating, 
clearing, settling, processing information with respect to, and 
facilitating transactions in securities, to remove impediments to and 
perfect the mechanism of a free and open market and a national market 
system, and, in general, to protect investors and the public interest 
and is not designed to permit unfair discrimination between customers, 
issuers, brokers, or dealers.
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    \11\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
    \12\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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    The Exchange believes it is consistent with the protection of 
investors to amend Section 802.01D to provide the Exchange with the 
discretion to immediately commence suspension and delisting procedures 
in accordance with Section 804.00 of the Manual with respect to a 
listed company that has changed its primary business focus to a new 
area of business that it was not engaged in at the time of its original 
listing or which was immaterial to its operations at the time of its 
original listing. The Exchange notes that investors who acquired the 
company's stock prior to this change in operations (including, in many 
cases, in connection with the company's initial public offering) may 
have made their investment decision based on the company's disclosure 
about its original business and might not have made their investment if 
they had been aware of how the company would change. In addition, the 
Exchange is concerned that a listed company may change its business 
operations to a line of business that would have given rise to a 
concern about the suitability for listing of the company had it been in 
engaged in that line of business at the time of its application for 
listing. The Exchange notes that taking delisting action in such cases 
would be discretionary and that the Exchange would undertake such 
action only after a careful analysis of the company's suitability for 
continued listing, taking into account all relevant factors, including, 
but not limited to, changes in the management, board of directors, 
voting power, ownership, and financial structure of the company. In 
making these determinations, the Exchange would focus its analysis on 
whether it would have accepted the listed company for initial listing 
if it had been engaged in its modified business at the time of original 
listing. The Exchange notes that this analysis will focus on the 
qualitative aspects of the company's suitability for listing and will 
not entail an application of the quantitative standards for initial 
listing. The Exchange believes that the proposed requirement that any 
listed company that undertakes a change in its primary business focus 
must promptly provide notice of such change in writing to the Exchange 
will enable the Exchange to more systematically identify circumstances 
where it is necessary to consider the

[[Page 61209]]

appropriateness for continued listing of such companies.
    The proposed inclusion of new parenthetical language in the lead-in 
to Section 802.01D makes that lead-in consistent with the proposed new 
paragraph with respect to a company's change in business, as it 
provides that the Exchange can immediately suspend and delist a company 
under Section 802.01D where the applicable paragraph of the rule so 
provides, as is the case with the proposed new provision with respect 
to changes in business operations.

B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition

    The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will 
impose any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate 
in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. The Exchange notes that 
there are several listing venues and that any company that the Exchange 
deemed unsuitable for continued listing under the proposed rule could 
apply for listing on one or more other exchanges.

C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed 
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others

    No written comments were solicited or received with respect to the 
proposed rule change.

III. Discussion and Commission Findings

    After careful review, the Commission finds that the proposed rule 
change, as modified by Amendment No. 2, is consistent with the 
requirements of the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder 
applicable to a national securities exchange.\13\ In particular, the 
Commission finds that the proposed rule change, as modified by 
Amendment No. 2, is consistent with Section 6(b)(5) of the Act,\14\ 
which requires, among other things, that the rules of a national 
securities exchange be designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative 
acts and practices, to promote just and equitable principles of trade, 
to foster cooperation and coordination with persons engaged in 
facilitating transactions in securities, to remove impediments to and 
perfect the mechanism of a free and open market and a national market 
system, and, in general, to protect investors and the public interest; 
and are not designed to permit unfair discrimination between customers, 
issuers, brokers, or dealers. In addition, the Commission finds that 
the proposed rule change is consistent with Section 6(b)(7) of the 
Act,\15\ which requires, among other things, that the rules of a 
national securities exchange provide a fair procedure for the 
prohibition or limitation by the exchange of any person with respect to 
access to services offered by the exchange.
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    \13\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b). In approving this proposed rule change, 
the Commission has considered the proposed rule's impact on 
efficiency, competition, and capital formation. See 15 U.S.C. 
78c(f).
    \14\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
    \15\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(7).
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    The development and enforcement of meaningful listing standards for 
a national securities exchange is of critical importance to financial 
markets and the investing public.\16\ Meaningful listing standards are 
especially important given investor expectations regarding the nature 
of companies that have achieved an exchange listing for their 
securities, and the role of an exchange in overseeing its market and 
ensuring compliance with its listing standards.\17\
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    \16\ See e.g., Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 99238 (Dec. 
26, 2023), 89 FR 113, 116 (Jan. 2, 2024) (SR-NYSE-2023-34) and 
81856, (Oct. 11, 2017), 82 FR 48296, 48298 (October 17, 2017) (SR-
NYSE-2017-31). Among other things, the Commission has stated that 
listing standards provide the means for an exchange to screen 
issuers that seek to become listed, and to provide listed status 
only to those that are bona fide companies and that have or will 
have sufficient public float, investor base, and trading interest 
likely to generate depth and liquidity sufficient to promote fair 
and orderly markets. See e.g., Securities Exchange Act Release No. 
93256 (Oct. 4, 2021), 86 FR 56338, 56342 (Oct. 8, 2021) (``SR-
NASDAQ-2021-007 Approval Order'').
    \17\ See SR-NASDAQ-2021-007 Approval Order at id. The Commission 
has also stated that adequate listing standards, by promoting fair 
and orderly markets, are consistent with Section 6(b)(5) of the Act, 
in that they are, among other things, designed to prevent fraudulent 
and manipulative acts and practices, promote just and equitable 
principles of trade, and protect investors and the public interest. 
See SR-NASDAQ-2021-007 Approval Order, id. at 56342 note 59.
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    As described above, the Exchange proposes to amend Section 802.01D 
to be able to immediately commence suspension and delisting procedures 
in accordance with Section 804.00 of the Manual with respect to a 
listed company that it determines to be unsuitable for continued 
listing due to a change in its primary business focus to a new area of 
business that is substantially different from the business it was 
engaged in at the time of its original listing or which was immaterial 
to its operations at the time of its original listing. According to the 
Exchange, it is concerned that some investors may have made their 
investment decision in a listed company based on the company's 
disclosures about its original business and might not have made their 
investment if they had been aware of how the company would change its 
business focus.\18\ The Exchange further states in support of its 
proposal that changes in a company's primary business focus can raise 
concerns about the company's suitability for continued listing because 
it may not have approved initial listing of the company's security 
based on the changed business focus had it been in place at the time of 
application for initial listing.\19\ The Commission believes that the 
Exchange's proposal will help to address these concerns and further the 
protection of investors and the public interest, consistent with 
Section 6(b)(5) of the Act, by ensuring that a listed company that has 
substantially changed its primary business focus from when it was 
originally listed will be reviewed for continued listing under the new 
standard.
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    \18\ See Notice, supra note 4 at 31784. The Exchange notes that, 
in some circumstances, there has been significant downward price 
movement subsequent to a company's change in business focus, which 
resulted in significant investor losses and an inability to meet 
exchange continued listing standards. Id. See also, supra note 10 
and accompanying text. As a result, primary business focus changes 
of a listed company can potentially impact the Exchanges ability to 
maintain fair and orderly markets.
    \19\ See Notice, supra note 4 at 31784.
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    The Commission also believes that the proposed notice requirement 
for any company that has changed its primary business focus to a new 
area of business that is substantially different from the business it 
was engaged in at the time of its original listing or which was 
immaterial to its operations at the time of its original listing will 
allow the Exchange to more efficiently identify for review those 
companies that may no longer be suitable for continued listing. While 
the Commission expects listed companies to comply with the written 
notification requirement,\20\ if the Exchange becomes aware of a change 
in a company's primary business focus by means other than a company's 
written notification, the Commission would expect the Exchange to do a 
review of a company under the new rule irrespective of how the change 
came to its attention. In this regard, the Exchange stated that it 
would conduct a thorough assessment of a company's suitability for 
continued listing upon becoming aware of a change in the company's 
primary business focus by notification or otherwise.\21\
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    \20\ Listed companies who would meet the requirements to provide 
written notification to the Exchange under the new provision but do 
not do so would be considered non-compliant with the notification 
requirement.
    \21\ See Notice, supra note 4 at 31784.
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    The Commission also believes that the Exchange's discretion to 
initiate

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suspension and delisting procedures for a company that has 
substantially changed its primary business focus has been reasonably 
tailored to allow the Exchange to be able to distinguish the more 
significant instances of business purpose change that would raise 
concerns about continued listing and which could, depending on the 
circumstances, negatively impact the company's financial strength and 
outlook.\22\ In particular, the proposed rule states that the Exchange 
will focus its analysis of the company's suitability for continued 
listing on whether it would have accepted the listed company for 
initial listing if it had been engaged in its modified business at the 
time of original listing.\23\ In conducting this analysis, the proposed 
rule also specifies certain criteria that the Exchange will consider in 
assessing a company's suitability for continued listing, such as 
changes in the management, board of directors, voting power, ownership, 
and financial structure of the company.\24\ The Exchange notes that 
these additional factors are consistent with areas that would be part 
of any initial listing review and that changes in these areas may have 
occurred in connection with changes in a company's primary business 
focus that should be considered by the Exchange.\25\ Moreover, the 
Exchange acknowledges that seeking to suspend and delist a company's 
stock under this revised rule would be an extraordinary action.\26\ The 
Commission expects that the Exchange will therefore carefully utilize 
this new authority, and, as the Exchange states, only after a thorough 
analysis of all relevant facts and circumstances.\27\
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    \22\ See id.
    \23\ See id. As discussed above, the review of a company under 
the new standard is based on the Exchange's assessment of the 
company's suitability for continued listing given the change in its 
primary business focus. Continued listing quantitative standards 
will continue to apply to a company that is being reviewed under the 
new standard just as with any company already listed on the 
Exchange. See id.
    \24\ See proposed Section 801.01D.
    \25\ See Amendment No. 2, supra note 6 at 5.
    \26\ See Notice, supra note 4 at 31784.
    \27\ See id.
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    Finally, the Commission also notes that a company that is subject 
to suspension and delisting under this new provision would be entitled 
to a review of the delisting determination under the procedures set 
forth in Section 804.00 of the Manual. The Commission believes that 
this will provide, consistent with Section 6(b)(7) of the Act, a fair 
procedure for review of a suspension and delisting of a company under 
the new provision.

IV. Solicitation of Comments

    Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views and 
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule 
change, as modified by Amendment No. 2, is consistent with the Act. 
Comments may be submitted by any of the following methods:

Electronic Comments

     Use the Commission's internet comment form (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
     Send an email to [email protected]. Please include 
file number SR-NYSE-2024-21 on the subject line.

Paper Comments

     Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities 
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.

All submissions should refer to file number SR-NYSE-2024-21. This file 
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help 
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently, 
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on 
the Commission's internet website (https://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all 
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are 
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to 
the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other 
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the 
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and 
printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, 
Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of 10 
a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for 
inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. Do not 
include personal identifiable information in submissions; you should 
submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. We 
may redact in part or withhold entirely from publication submitted 
material that is obscene or subject to copyright protection. All 
submissions should refer to file number SR-NYSE-2024-21 and should be 
submitted on or before August 20, 2024.

V. Accelerated Approval of Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by 
Amendment No. 2

    The Commission finds good cause, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of 
the Act,\28\ to approve the proposed rule change, as modified by 
Amendment No. 2, prior to the 30th day after the date of publication of 
Amendment No. 2 in the Federal Register. As discussed above, in 
Amendment No. 2, the Exchange revised the proposal to: (i) include a 
requirement that any company that undertakes a change in its primary 
business focus must promptly provide notice of such change in writing 
to the Exchange; (ii) amend the proposed rule text in relation to the 
additional factors the Exchange will consider to delete the phrase 
indicating that the Exchange will consider those additional factors 
``where appropriate''; (iii) provide an explanation of why the Exchange 
will consider such additional factors; (iv) state that the Exchange 
will undertake its continued listing analysis regardless of whether the 
listed company provides the required notification to the Exchange; and 
(v) amend the Form 19b-4 to conform it to the changes being made to the 
proposed rule text. The Commission believes that these revisions 
strengthen the proposal and provide greater clarity on the application 
of the proposal and its scope, and the Exchange's review of a company 
that has changed its primary business focus to a new area of business 
that is substantially different from the business it was engaged in at 
the time of its original listing or which was immaterial to its 
operations at the time of its original listing. The additional 
explanation in support of the proposal as well as the amended rule 
language in Amendment No. 2 assist the Commission in evaluating the 
Exchange's proposal and in determining that it is consistent with the 
Act.
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    \28\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(2).
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    Accordingly, the Commission finds good cause for approving the 
proposed rule change, as modified by Amendment No. 2, on an accelerated 
basis, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the Act.

VI. Conclusion

    It is therefore ordered, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the Act 
\29\ that the proposed rule change (SR-NYSE-2024-21), as modified by 
Amendment No. 2, be, and hereby is, approved.
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    \29\ Id.

    For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, 
pursuant to delegated authority.\30\
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    \30\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Sherry R. Haywood,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2024-16659 Filed 7-29-24; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P