[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 29 (Monday, February 12, 2024)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 9771-9773]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2024-02700]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Parts 52 and 70

[EPA-R01-OAR-2023-0353; FRL-11161-02-R1]


Air Plan Approval and Operating Permit Program Approval; 
Connecticut; Revision to Definitions

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is taking final 
action to approve, through parallel processing, a revised definition in 
the State Implementation Plan (SIP) and the Title V Operating Permit 
Program for the State of Connecticut. On November 30, 2023, the 
Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (CT DEEP) 
submitted to EPA the State's adopted regulatory amendments to the 
definition of ``severe non-attainment area for ozone'' for inclusion in 
the EPA-approved SIP and Title V Operating Permit Program. The revision 
is necessary to fully implement these programs based on a nonattainment 
reclassification to a portion of Connecticut for the 2008 ozone 
National Ambient Air Quality Standard. EPA is approving these revisions 
pursuant to the Clean Air Act (CAA) and implementing federal 
regulations.

DATES: This rule is effective on March 13, 2024.

ADDRESSES: EPA has established a docket for this action under Docket 
Identification No. EPA-R01-OAR-2023-0353. All documents in the docket 
are listed on the https://www.regulations.gov website. Although listed 
in the index, some information is not publicly available, i.e., CBI or 
other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain 
other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the 
internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. 
Publicly available docket materials are available at https://www.regulations.gov or at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 
Region 1 Regional Office, Air and Radiation Division, 5 Post Office 
Square--Suite 100, Boston, MA. EPA requests that if at all possible, 
you contact the contact listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT 
section to schedule your inspection. The Regional Office's official 
hours of business are Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., 
excluding legal holidays and facility closures due to COVID-19.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ariel Garcia, Air Quality Branch, U.S. 
Environmental Protection Agency, EPA Region 1, 5 Post Office Square--
Suite 100, (Mail code 5-MI), Boston, MA 02109-3912, tel. (617) 918-
1660, email [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ``we,'' 
``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we mean EPA.

Table of Contents

I. Background and Purpose
II. Response to Comments
III. Final Action
IV. Incorporation by Reference
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. Background and Purpose

    On July 17, 2023 (88 FR 45373), EPA published a Notice of Proposed 
Rulemaking (NPRM) for the State of Connecticut. The NPRM proposed 
approval of a revised definition in the SIP and the Title V Operating 
Permit Program for the State of Connecticut. On June 9, 2023, CT DEEP 
requested parallel processing of the revised definition of ``severe 
non-attainment area for ozone'' within the Regulations of Connecticut 
State Agencies (RCSA) 22a-174-1 for approval into the SIP and as a 
program revision to the State's Title V operating permitting program. 
Under the parallel processing procedure, EPA proposed approval of the 
revised definition before the State's final adoption of the definition. 
Connecticut subsequently adopted the revised definition which became 
effective on November 13, 2023. The formal revisions to the SIP and the 
Title V operating permitting program were submitted by Connecticut on 
November 30, 2023.
    The rationale for EPA's proposed approval of the revised definition 
in the SIP and the Title V operating permitting program are explained 
in the NPRM and will not be restated here. EPA is proceeding with our 
final approval of the November 30, 2023 submitted revisions to the 
Connecticut SIP and Title V Operating Permit Program, consistent with 
the parallel processing provisions in 40 CFR part 51, Appendix V. EPA 
has reviewed Connecticut's adopted definition of ``severe non-
attainment area for ozone'' contained in RCSA 22a-174-1, and it does 
not differ from the proposed regulation submitted as part of the 
parallel processing request on June 9, 2023. That is, CT DEEP adopted 
the revisions as they were proposed, i.e. no changes were made.

[[Page 9772]]

II. Response to Comments

    EPA received two comments during the comment period; both comments 
are supportive. As such, these comments do not require further response 
to finalize the action as proposed. Nevertheless, EPA is including 
these comments in the docket for this rule.

III. Final Action

    EPA is approving Connecticut's revised definition of ``severe non-
attainment area for ozone,'' contained in RCSA 22a-174-1 as amended by 
the State of Connecticut on November 13, 2023, as a revision to the 
Connecticut SIP and Title V Operating Permit Program.

IV. Incorporation by Reference

    In this rule, the EPA is finalizing regulatory text that includes 
incorporation by reference. In accordance with requirements of 1 CFR 
51.5, the EPA is finalizing the incorporation by reference the revised 
definition of ``severe non-attainment area for ozone'' within 
Connecticut's RCSA section 22a-174-1, Definitions, (106), as described 
in Section I of this preamble. Background and Purpose of this preamble 
and set forth below in the amendments to 40 CFR part 52. The EPA has 
made, and will continue to make, these documents generally available 
through https://www.regulations.gov and at the EPA Region 1 Office 
(please contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION 
CONTACT section of this preamble for more information).

V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve SIP and 
Title V submissions that complies with the provisions of the Act and 
applicable Federal regulations. See 42 U.S.C. 7410(k) and 7661a(d); 40 
CFR 52.02(a) and 70.4(e). Thus, in reviewing SIP and Title V 
submissions, EPA's role is to approve State choices, provided that they 
meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this action merely approves 
State law as meeting Federal requirements and does not impose 
additional requirements beyond those imposed by State law. For that 
reason, this action:
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review 
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 12866 (58 
FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 2011);
     Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
     Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     Does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
     Is not an economically significant regulatory action based 
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 
19885, April 23, 1997);
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); and
     Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the CAA.
    In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian 
reservation land or in any other area where EPA or an Indian tribe has 
demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian 
country, the rule does not have Tribal implications and will not impose 
substantial direct costs on Tribal governments or preempt Tribal law as 
specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000).
    Executive Order 12898 (Federal Actions To Address Environmental 
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations, 59 FR 7629, 
Feb. 16, 1994) directs Federal agencies to identify and address 
``disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental 
effects'' of their actions on minority populations and low-income 
populations to the greatest extent practicable and permitted by law. 
EPA defines environmental justice (EJ) as ``the fair treatment and 
meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, 
national origin, or income with respect to the development, 
implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and 
policies.'' EPA further defines the term fair treatment to mean that 
``no group of people should bear a disproportionate burden of 
environmental harms and risks, including those resulting from the 
negative environmental consequences of industrial, governmental, and 
commercial operations or programs and policies.''
    CT DEEP did not evaluate environmental justice considerations as 
part of its SIP submittal; the CAA and applicable implementing 
regulations neither prohibit nor require such an evaluation. EPA did 
not perform an EJ analysis and did not consider EJ in this action. Due 
to the nature of the action being taken here, this action is expected 
to have a neutral to positive impact on the air quality of the affected 
area. Consideration of EJ is not required as part of this action, and 
there is no information in the record inconsistent with the stated goal 
of E.O. 12898 of achieving environmental justice for people of color, 
low-income populations, and Indigenous peoples.
    The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the 
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally 
provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating 
the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule, 
to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the 
United States. EPA will submit a report containing this action and 
other required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of 
Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior 
to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. A major rule cannot 
take effect until 60 days after it is published in the Federal 
Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 
804(2).
    Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA, petitions for judicial review 
of this action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for 
the appropriate circuit by April 12, 2024. Filing a petition for 
reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule does not affect 
the finality of this action for the purposes of judicial review nor 
does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial review may 
be filed and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such rule or 
action. This action may not be challenged later in proceedings to 
enforce its requirements. (See section 307(b)(2).)

List of Subjects

 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide, 
Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Lead, Nitrogen 
dioxide, Ozone, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Sulfur oxides, Volatile organic compounds.

[[Page 9773]]

40 CFR Part 70

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
Air pollution control, Intergovernmental relations, Operating Permits, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

    Dated: February 6, 2024.
David Cash,
Regional Administrator, EPA Region 1.

    Part 52 of chapter I, title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations 
is amended as follows:

PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS

0
1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Subpart H--Connecticut

0
2. Section 52.370 is amended by adding paragraph (c)(130) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  52.370   Identification of plan.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (130) Revisions to the State Implementation Plan submitted by the 
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection on November 30, 
2023.
    (i) Incorporation by reference.
    (A) Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies Section 22a-174-1, 
``Definitions,'' (106), definition of ``Severe non-attainment area for 
ozone.''
    (B) Reserved.
    (ii) Additional materials.
    (A) Letter from CT DEEP submitted to EPA on November 30, 2023, 
entitled ``State Implementation Plan Revision Concerning the Definition 
of Severe Non-Attainment Area for Ozone.''
    (B) Reserved.

0
3. In Sec.  52.385 amended Table 52.385 by adding a sixth entry for 
``22a-174-1'' before the entry for ``22a-174-2'' to read as follows:


Sec.  52.385   EPA-approved Connecticut regulations.

* * * * *

                                                         Table 52.385--EPA-Approved Regulations
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                                                                             Dates
                                                                  --------------------------
     Connecticut State citation              Title/subject             Date         Date        Federal Register       Section     Comments/description
                                                                    adopted by  approved by         citation            52.370
                                                                      State         EPA
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                                                                      * * * * * * *
22a-174-1...........................  Definitions................   11/13/2023    2/12/2024  [Insert Federal            (c)(130)  Modified definition of
                                                                                              Register citation].                  ``severe non-
                                                                                                                                   attainment area for
                                                                                                                                   ozone''.
 
                                                                      * * * * * * *
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PART 70--STATE OPERATING PERMIT PROGRAMS

0
4. The authority citation for part 70 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.


0
5. Amend Appendix A to Part 70 under ``Connecticut'' by adding 
paragraph (b) to read as follows:

Appendix A to Part 70--Approval Status of State and Local Operating 
Permits Programs * * *

Connecticut

* * * * *
    (b) Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection submitted 
revisions on November 30, 2023 to Regulations of Connecticut State 
Agencies Section 22a-174-1, ``Definitions,'' definition of ``Severe 
non-attainment area for ozone.'' This rule amendment contained in 
this submittal is necessary to make the current definition as 
stringent as the reclassified severe nonattainment area in the State 
of Connecticut. The State is hereby granted approval effective on 
March 13, 2024.

[FR Doc. 2024-02700 Filed 2-9-24; 8:45 am]
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