[Federal Register Volume 88, Number 97 (Friday, May 19, 2023)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 32167-32175]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2023-10337]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[Docket No. EPA-R02-OAR-2022-0459; FRL-10785-01-R2]
Approval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Jersey; New
Jersey 2017 Periodic Emission Inventory SIP for Ozone Nonattainment and
PM2.5/Regional Haze Areas, New Jersey Nonattainment Emission Inventory
for 2008 Ozone NAAQS
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to
approve State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions related to the 2008
8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The SIP
revision consists of the following: 2017 calendar year ozone precursor
emission inventories for volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of
nitrogen (NOX) and carbon monoxide (CO) for the Northern New
Jersey portion of the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island NY-NJ-CT
ozone nonattainment area (Northern New Jersey) and the Southern New
Jersey portion of the Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-MD-
DE ozone nonattainment area (Southern New Jersey).
DATES: Written comments must be received on or before June 20, 2023.
ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a docket for this action under
Docket ID No. EPA-R02-OAR-2022-0459 at https://www.regulations.gov.
Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly
available, e.g., Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other
material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet
and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly
available docket materials are available through https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting
comments. Once submitted, comments cannot be edited or removed from
Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish any comment received to its public
docket. Do not submit electronically any information you consider to be
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose
disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia submissions (audio,
video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written comment. The written
comment is considered the official comment and should include
discussion of all points you wish to make. The EPA will generally not
consider comments or comment contents located outside of the primary
submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing system). For
additional submission methods, the full EPA public comment policy,
information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and general guidance
on making effective comments, please visit https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ysabel Banon, Air Programs Branch,
Environmental Protection Agency, 290 Broadway, 25th Floor, New York,
New York 10007-1866, telephone number (212) 637-3382, or by email at
[email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The SIP revision also consists of the 2017
calendar year statewide periodic emissions inventory for New Jersey.
The pollutants included in this inventory include VOC, NOX,
CO, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal
to 2.5 microns (PM2.5), particulate matter with an
aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 microns
(PM10), ammonia (NH3) and sulfur dioxide
(SO2). Emission inventories are needed to develop and assess
new control strategies that the states may use in attainment
demonstration SIPs associated with the NAAQS for ozone, CO and
PM2.5 and for regional haze planning SIPs.
In addition, EPA is proposing to approve the demonstration portion
of the comprehensive SIP revision submitted by New Jersey that
certifies that the State has satisfied the requirements for a
nonattainment emission inventory for a Serious classification of the
2008 NAAQS.
I. Background
A. Statutory and Regulatory Requirements for Emission Inventory
II. Description of State's Submittal
III. Evaluation of the State's Submittal
A. New Jersey 2017 Periodic Emission Inventory
[[Page 32168]]
B. New Jersey Nonattainment 2011 Revision Emission Inventory
IV. Proposed Action
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. Background
Ozone is a gas that is formed by the reaction of VOC and
NOX in the atmosphere in the presence of sunlight.
Therefore, an emission inventory for ozone focuses on the emissions of
VOC and NOX referred to as ozone precursors. These
precursors (VOC and NOX) are emitted by many types of
pollution sources, including point sources such as power plants and
industrial emissions sources; on-road and off-road mobile sources
(motor vehicles and engines); and smaller residential and commercial
sources, such as dry cleaners, auto body shops, and household paints,
collectively referred to as nonpoint sources (also called area
sources).
The Clean Air Act (CAA or the Act) requires that areas designated
as nonattainment for ozone and classified as moderate or worse
demonstrate Reasonable Further Progress (RFP) by reducing emissions of
ozone precursors (NOX and VOCs).\1\
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\1\ See CAA sections 172(c)(2) and 182(b)(1) and 40 CFR 51.1110.
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On March 12, 2008, the EPA revised both the primary and secondary
NAAQS \2\ for ozone to a level of 0.075 parts per million (ppm) (annual
fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average concentration, averaged
over three years) to provide increased protection of public health and
the environment. (See 73 FR 16436, March 27, 2008). The 2008 ozone
NAAQS retains the same general form and averaging time as the 0.08 ppm
NAAQS set on 1997, but is set at a more protective level. Under the
EPA's regulations, the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS is attained when the 3-
year average of the annual fourth highest daily maximum 8-hour average
ambient air quality ozone concentrations is less than or equal to 0.075
ppm. See 40 CFR 50.15.\3\
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\2\ The primary ozone standards provide protection for children,
older adults, and people with asthma or other lung diseases, and
other at-risk populations against an array of adverse health effects
that include reduced lung function, increased respiratory symptoms
and pulmonary inflammation; effects that contribute to emergency
department visits or hospital admissions; and mortality. The
secondary ozone standards protect against adverse effects to the
public welfare, including those related to impacts on sensitive
vegetation and forested ecosystems.
\3\ For a detailed explanation of the calculation of the 3-year
8-hour average. (See 80 FR 65296 and 40 CFR part 50, Appendix U).
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Effective July 20, 2012, the EPA designated as nonattainment any
area that was violating the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS based on the three
most recent years (2008-2010) of air monitoring data. (See 77 FR 30088,
May 21, 2012). With that rulemaking, Northern New Jersey and Southern
New Jersey areas were designated as marginal ozone nonattainment areas.
Areas that were designated as marginal nonattainment were required to
attain the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS no later than July 20, 2015, based
on 2012-2014 monitoring data.
The counties in Northern New Jersey consist of Bergen, Essex,
Hudson, Hunterdon, Middlesex, Monmouth, Morris, Passaic, Somerset,
Sussex, Union, and Warren. The counties in Southern New Jersey consist
of Atlantic, Burlington, Camden, Cape May, Cumberland, Gloucester,
Mercer, Ocean, and Salem.
On May 4, 2016, the EPA published its determination that Northern
New Jersey had failed to attain the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS by the
attainment deadline and the area was reclassified to moderate ozone
nonattainment area. See 40 CFR 81.306. (See 81 FR 26697). Moderate
areas are required to attain the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS by no later
than six years after the effective date of designations, or July 20,
2018, based on 2015-2017 monitoring data See 40 CFR 51.903.
Effective September 23, 2019, the EPA published its determination
that Northern New Jersey had failed to attain 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS
by the attainment deadline based on the monitoring data (2015-17), and
the area was reclassified as serious nonattainment area. (See 84 FR
44238, August 23, 2019). Areas that were designated as serious
nonattainment were required to attain the 2008 ozone NAAQS no later
than July 20, 2021, based on 2018-2020 monitoring data. (See id.)
Effective November 7, 2022, the EPA published its determination
that Northern New Jersey had failed to attain 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS
by the attainment deadline based on the most recent years (2018-2020).
(See 87 FR 60926, October 7, 2022). Areas that were reclassified as
severe nonattainment were required to attain the 2008 8-hour ozone
NAAQS must attain the standard ``as expeditious as practicable'' but no
later than July 20, 2027, based on 2024-2026 monitoring data. (See id.)
A. Statutory and Regulatory Requirements for Emission Inventories
Section 182(a)(3)(B) of the Act requires states with ozone
nonattainment areas to submit revisions to their SIP to require the
owner or operator of each major stationary source of NOX or
VOC to provide the state with annual statements documenting the actual
emissions of NOX and VOC from their sources. For
nonattainment areas, air agencies must develop, and include in their
SIPs, emission reporting programs for certain VOC and NOX
sources. CAA section 110, in conjunction with 40 CFR 51.102, 51.103 and
Appendix V, establishes the procedure for submitting a SIP revision. In
addition, 40 CFR 51.308(d)(4)(v) of EPA's Regional Haze Rule (RHR)
requires the establishment of a statewide emissions inventory of
pollutants that are reasonably anticipated to cause or contribute to
visibility impairment in any mandatory Class I area.
Sections 172(c)(3) and 182(a)(1) of the Act require states to
develop and submit, as a SIP revision, ``base year'' emissions
inventories for all areas designated as nonattainment for an ozone
NAAQS.
The EPA's 2008 ozone NAAQS was published on March 6, 2015 (the 2008
ozone rule). (See 80 FR 12264). The 2008 ozone rule established
implementation requirements for the 2008 ozone NAAQS, including
requirements for base year emissions inventories under CAA section
182(a)(1). (See id.). The ozone rule for the 2008 ozone NAAQS is
codified at 40 CFR part 51, subpart CC, and the emissions inventory
requirements are codified at 40 CFR 51.1315.
40 CFR 51.1315(a) requires each ozone nonattainment area to submit
a base year inventory within 2 years of designation. 40 CFR 51.1315(a)
also requires that the inventory year be selected consistent with the
baseline year for the RFP plan as required by 40 CFR 51.1310(b), which
states that the baseline emissions inventory shall be the emissions
inventory for the most recent calendar year for which a complete
triennial inventory is required to be submitted to the EPA under the
provisions of subpart A of 40 CFR part 51, Air Emissions Reporting
Requirements, 40 CFR 51.1 through 50. New Jersey selected 2017 as their
baseline emissions inventory year for RFP.
For the ozone NAAQS, states are required to submit ozone season day
emissions estimates for an inventory calendar year to be consistent
with the baseline year for RFP plans as required by 40 CFR 51.1310(b)
and 40 CFR 51.1315. Under 40 CFR 51.1310(b), for the 2008 ozone NAAQS,
the RFP baseline year is the most recent calendar year for which a
complete triennial inventory is required to be submitted to the EPA
under 40 CFR 51 subpart A.
[[Page 32169]]
States may use an alternative baseline emissions inventory provided
that the year selected corresponds with the year of the effective date
of designation as nonattainment for that NAAQS.
40 CFR 51.1315(c) requires emissions values included in the base
year inventory to be actual ozone season day emissions as defined by 40
CFR 51.1300(q), which states that ozone season day emissions are an
average day's emissions for a typical ozone season work weekday. Per
EPA's 2017 guidance on emissions inventory development, the selected
ozone season should be representative of the conditions leading to
nonattainment.\4\
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\4\ EPA, ``Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementation of
Ozone and Particulate Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS) and Regional Haze Regulations'', at 75 (May 2017).
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Sections 182(a)(1), 182(a)(3) and 172(c)(3) of the Act require the
periodic submission of emissions inventories for the SIP planning
process to address the pollutants for the ozone, PM2.5 and
CO NAAQS. Identifying the calendar year gives certainty to states that
require submission of the ozone, PM2.5 and CO emission
inventories periodically. These requirements allow the EPA, based on
the states' progress in reducing emissions, to periodically reassess
its policies and air quality standards and revise them as necessary.
Most important, the ozone, PM2.5 and CO inventories will be
used to develop and assess new control strategies that the states may
use in attainment demonstration SIPs for the new NAAQS for ozone and
PM2.5. The inventory may also serve as part of statewide
inventories for purposes of regional modeling in transport areas. The
inventory plays an important role in modeling demonstrations for areas
classified as nonattainment and outside transport regions. For Regional
Haze, New Jersey has a Class I area within its borders: Brigantine
Wilderness Area. Emissions from New Jersey's sources were also found to
impact visibility at several other Class I areas: Acadia National Park
and the Moosehorn Wilderness Area in Maine, the Great Gulf Wilderness
Area and Presidential Range/Dry River and the Lye Brook Wilderness Area
in Vermont. (See 76 FR 49711, August 11, 2011). Therefore, an emissions
inventory is needed for the Regional Haze air quality planning program
effort.
The pollutants inventoried by New Jersey include VOC,
NOX, and CO summertime daily and annual emissions for the
ozone areas; and VOC, NOX, PM2.5,
PM10, NH3 and SO2 annual emissions for
the PM2.5 and/or Regional Haze areas. For the reasons stated
above, EPA would therefore emphasize the importance and benefits of
developing a comprehensive, current, and accurate ozone and
PM2.5/Regional Haze emissions inventory (similar to the 1990
base year inventory effort). In this case, New Jersey selected the 2017
calendar year as the inventory that it will use for planning purposes
for ozone and PM2.5/Regional Haze areas.
II. Description of State's Submittal
CAA Section 182 subpart 2 outlines SIP requirements applicable to
ozone nonattainment areas in each classification category. On November
23, 2021, New Jersey submitted a comprehensive SIP revision that
included the 2017 calendar year ozone precursor emission inventory for
VOC, NOX, CO, PM2.5, PM10,
NH3 and SO2 for the Northern New Jersey and
Southern New Jersey ozone nonattainment areas. In addition, the SIP
revision submittal consisted of the 2017 calendar year statewide
periodic emissions inventory for VOC, NOX and CO, and a
revision for the 2011 nonattainment base year emission inventory for
the previous Serious classification of the 2008 NAAQS for the Northern
New Jersey nonattainment area. On March 31, 2023, New Jersey submitted
a technical correction to the EPA regarding their 2017 SO2
point source inventory emissions by category. The technical correction
was necessary because the previously submitted emissions for
SO2 that were incorrect.
The New Jersey emissions inventory SIP revision will ensure that
the requirements for emissions inventory measures and reporting are
adequately met. To comply with the emissions inventory requirements,
New Jersey submitted a complete inventory containing point, area, on-
road, and non-road mobile source data, anthropogenic sources, as well
as biogenic sources and wildfires and prescribed fires, in the
nonattainment areas and accompanying documentation.
III. Evaluation of State's Submittals
A. New Jersey 2017 Periodic Emission Inventory
Based on the EPA's review, the 2017 periodic year emissions
inventory for New Jersey's ozone nonattainment areas, and the entire
State include essential data elements, source categories, sample
calculations, or report documentation to allow the EPA to adequately
determine if the inventory is accurate and complete. Consequently, New
Jersey's 2017 base year emissions inventory is consistent with the
ozone base year emission inventory reporting requirements based on EPA
guidance. New Jersey's 2017 base year inventory is consistent with the
ozone base year emission inventory reporting requirements for the
following reasons:
1. Evidence that the inventory was quality assured by the State and
its implementation documented;
2. The point source inventory must be complete;
3. Point source emissions must have been prepared or calculated
according to current EPA guidance;
4. The area source inventory must be complete;
5. The area source emissions must have been prepared or calculated
according to current EPA guidance;
6. Non-road mobile emissions must have been prepared according to
current EPA guidance for all of the source categories;
7. The method (e.g., Highway Performance Monitoring System or a
network transportation planning model) used to develop the vehicle
miles travelled (VMT) estimates must follow EPA guidance (the VMT
development methods were described and documented in the inventory
report); and
8. On-road mobile emissions were prepared according to the
guidance.
Annual and ozone season day point, area, non-road, on-road,
biogenic, and wildfires and prescribed fires emissions are identified
in the inventory. Based on the EPA's review, New Jersey satisfies all
of the EPA's requirements for purposes of providing a comprehensive
accurate, and current inventory of actual emissions for the ozone
nonattainment. A summary of the EPA's review is given below:
1. The Quality Assurance (QA) plan was implemented for all
portions of the inventory. The QA plan included a QA/Quality control
(QC) program for assessing data completeness and standard range
checking. Critical data elements relative to the inventory sources
were assessed for completeness. QA checks were performed relative to
data collection and analysis, and double counting of emissions from
point, area, and mobile sources. QA/QC checks were conducted to
ensure accuracy of units, unit conversions, transposition of
figures, and calculations. The inventory is well documented. New
Jersey provided documentation detailing the methods used to develop
emissions estimates for each category. In addition, New Jersey
identified the sources of data it used to develop the inventory;
2. The point source emissions are complete in accordance with
EPA guidance;
3. The point source emissions were prepared and calculated in
accordance with EPA guidance;
[[Page 32170]]
4. The area source emissions are complete in accordance with EPA
guidance;
5. Area source emissions were prepared and calculated in
accordance with EPA guidance;
6. Emission estimates for the non-road mobile source categories
are correctly based on the latest non-road mobile model or other
appropriate guidance and prepared in accordance with EPA guidance;
7. The method used to develop VMT estimates is in accordance
with EPA guidance and was adequately described and documented in the
inventory report; and
8. The latest Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES2014b)
model was used in accordance with EPA guidance.
New Jersey's 2017 ozone emission inventory has been developed in
accordance with EPA guidance. Therefore, the EPA is proposing to
approve the emission inventory. Detailed emission inventory development
procedures can be found in the following document: Emission Inventory
Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and Particulate Matter NAAQS and
Regional Haze Regulation, dated July 2017; Using MOVES to Prepare
Emission Inventories in State Implementation Plans and Transportation
Conformity: Technical Guidance for MOVES2014, 2014b, first released in
August 2018.
Table 1 below shows the statewide summary of the 2017 Annual
emissions for VOC, NOX and CO. Tables 2 and 3 below show the
2017 CO, NOX, and VOC annual emission by category for the
ozone nonattainment areas. Table 4 below shows the summary emission by
category, in tons per ozone season day.
Table 1--Statewide Summary of 2017 Annual Emissions
[Tons]
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2017 New Jersey State Annual Emissions
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Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
burning anthropogenic
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VOC................................... 6,809 81,555 28,652 25,476 88,238 5,690 236,420 142,492
NOX................................... 9,824 23,208 60,681 40,215 2,045 346 136,319 133,928
CO.................................... 5,733 61,948 380,323 308,691 11,357 48,191 816,243 756,695
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Table 2--Northern New Jersey Portion NJ-NY-CT Ozone Nonattainment Area 2017 Emission Inventory
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VOC
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Tons per summer day
County --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
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Bergen................................... 2.11 23.83 9.06 7.42 4.06 0.08 46.56 42.42
Essex.................................... 1.06 17.97 6.11 4.76 2.39 NA 32.30 29.90
Hudson................................... 1.71 15.46 3.52 2.75 1.03 NA 24.47 23.44
Hunterdon................................ 0.13 4.00 1.74 1.74 10.58 0.04 18.23 7.60
Middlesex................................ 15.89 22.32 8.23 5.41 5.82 0.03 57.71 51.86
Monmouth................................. 0.44 16.55 6.83 5.46 12.38 0.20 41.85 29.28
Morris................................... 0.50 14.09 5.25 4.96 14.41 0.07 39.30 24.81
Passaic.................................. 0.77 12.15 3.98 2.59 8.36 0.14 27.99 19.49
Somerset................................. 0.89 9.44 3.38 3.77 7.44 0.02 24.94 17.48
Sussex................................... 0.16 3.93 1.54 1.59 17.30 0.15 24.66 7.21
Union.................................... 3.23 13.89 5.06 3.20 2.00 0.00 27.39 25.38
Warren................................... 0.31 3.30 1.40 0.93 11.71 0.08 17.73 5.94
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Total in Northern NAA Area........... 27.21 156.93 56.10 44.58 97.48 0.82 383.12 284.82
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NOX
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Tons per summer day
County --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
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Bergen................................... 2.16 2.84 15.71 10.03 0.07 0.01 30.82 30.74
Essex.................................... 3.74 2.26 11.56 13.99 0.06 NA 31.61 31.55
Hudson................................... 0.85 1.81 6.26 17.89 0.03 NA 26.85 26.82
Hunterdon................................ 1.36 0.39 5.00 2.66 0.46 0.00 9.88 9.42
Middlesex................................ 7.02 2.55 18.72 8.92 0.21 0.00 37.43 37.21
Monmouth................................. 0.42 1.85 10.15 10.54 0.41 0.01 23.38 22.95
Morris................................... 0.72 1.78 10.48 4.88 0.16 0.00 18.03 17.86
Passaic.................................. 0.15 1.25 5.37 3.49 0.07 0.01 10.34 10.26
Somerset................................. 4.62 1.16 7.70 4.18 0.27 0.00 17.93 17.66
Sussex................................... 0.10 0.42 1.84 1.38 0.27 0.01 4.02 3.74
Union.................................... 8.20 1.49 9.57 5.35 0.05 0.00 24.67 24.62
Warren................................... 0.74 0.30 3.95 0.91 0.30 0.01 6.21 5.91
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Total in Northern NAA Area........... 30.08 18.12 106.31 84.23 2.35 0.06 241.15 238.75
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[[Page 32171]]
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CO
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Tons per summer day
County --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
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Bergen................................... 0.92 3.98 122.21 144.08 0.76 0.71 272.66 271.20
Essex.................................... 0.97 2.97 81.97 69.21 0.51 NA 155.63 155.12
Hudson................................... 0.70 2.16 38.99 34.28 0.24 NA 76.37 76.13
Hunterdon................................ 1.90 1.21 24.71 28.60 1.35 0.36 58.12 56.42
Middlesex................................ 7.20 3.45 121.47 100.96 1.01 0.25 234.34 233.08
Monmouth................................. 0.31 2.98 99.51 88.71 1.81 1.66 194.98 191.51
Morris................................... 0.54 3.02 75.05 90.22 1.60 0.61 171.04 168.83
Passaic.................................. 0.18 1.79 47.11 45.02 0.95 1.19 96.24 94.10
Somerset................................. 2.00 1.83 46.47 71.11 1.04 0.18 122.64 121.41
Sussex................................... 1.33 1.48 17.41 19.01 1.81 1.26 42.29 39.23
Union.................................... 2.23 2.08 64.71 59.87 0.45 0.04 129.38 128.89
Warren................................... 0.25 0.98 18.57 12.78 1.29 0.69 34.56 32.58
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Total in State....................... 18.52 27.93 758.18 763.85 12.82 6.94 1,588.25 1,568.49
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Notes: Biogenic annual emissions are from the USEPA 2017 NEI. 2017 tons per day values were estimated by dividing the annual value by 365.
Table 3--Southern New Jersey Portion PA-NJ-MD-DE Ozone Nonattainment Area 2017 Emission Inventory
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VOC
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Tons per summer day
County --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
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Atlantic................................. 0.08 7.27 2.60 3.59 40.71 0.92 55.17 13.54
Burlington............................... 1.06 13.70 4.73 4.26 50.31 0.14 74.20 23.75
Camden................................... 0.67 12.56 4.62 2.55 15.62 0.10 36.12 20.40
Cape May................................. 0.08 2.98 1.04 3.69 14.71 0.06 22.57 7.79
Cumberland............................... 0.43 6.18 1.30 1.34 27.08 0.63 36.95 9.24
Gloucester............................... 5.36 14.43 2.89 2.42 16.97 0.56 42.63 25.10
Mercer................................... 0.36 10.20 7.02 2.60 9.72 0.01 29.91 20.17
Ocean.................................... 0.45 14.31 5.69 6.45 41.73 10.97 79.61 26.91
Salem.................................... 0.62 2.74 0.74 0.76 17.21 0.03 22.10 4.85
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Total in Southern NAA Area........... 9.10 84.37 30.63 27.66 234.06 13.43 399.25 151.76
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NOX
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Tons per summer day
County -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
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Atlantic............................ 0.35 0.82 5.51 4.56 0.26 0.07 11.57 11.24
Burlington.......................... 1.63 1.33 8.98 5.17 0.35 0.01 17.47 17.11
Camden.............................. 2.27 1.43 7.73 3.88 0.18 0.00 15.50 15.32
Cape May............................ 0.11 0.30 2.06 4.27 0.18 0.00 6.92 6.73
Cumberland.......................... 1.86 0.43 2.10 2.86 0.36 0.03 7.64 7.25
Gloucester.......................... 5.59 0.79 5.66 3.48 0.28 0.04 15.85 15.52
Mercer.............................. 1.02 1.40 3.60 4.01 0.19 0.00 10.22 10.03
Ocean............................... 2.02 1.34 7.90 6.37 0.26 0.46 18.35 17.63
Salem............................... 3.74 0.20 1.45 1.50 0.38 0.00 7.27 6.89
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Total in Southern NAA Area...... 18.58 8.04 44.99 36.12 2.44 0.62 110.79 107.73
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CO
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Tons per summer day
County -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
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Atlantic............................ 0.27 1.57 31.70 34.07 3.43 78.39 149.43 67.61
Burlington.......................... 1.12 2.46 65.99 57.60 5.32 131.94 264.44 127.18
Camden.............................. 0.61 2.12 58.55 44.31 1.48 107.62 214.69 105.60
Cape May............................ 0.15 0.62 11.41 28.82 1.41 43.27 85.68 41.00
Cumberland.......................... 2.02 0.98 13.03 14.11 2.74 37.92 70.80 30.14
Gloucester.......................... 2.32 1.48 41.87 38.35 1.78 89.87 175.66 84.01
Mercer.............................. 0.65 1.99 49.42 45.39 1.29 98.52 197.26 97.45
Ocean............................... 2.09 2.51 74.09 62.02 4.25 237.28 382.24 140.71
Salem............................... 3.41 0.54 8.38 7.79 1.72 21.57 43.41 20.12
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Total in State.................. 12.64 14.27 354.44 332.47 23.42 846.37 1,583.62 713.82
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Notes: Biogenic annual emissions are from the USEPA 2017 NEI. 2017 tons per day values were estimated by dividing the annual value by 365.
[[Page 32172]]
Table 4--2017 Statewide Emission Inventory by County, Source Sector and Pollutant
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VOC
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Tons per year
County -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic............................ 25.77 2,478 979 1,556 9,861 188 15,087 5,038
Bergen.............................. 277.41 7,875 3,085 2,370 1,482 10 15,100 13,608
Burlington.......................... 253.88 4,711 1,779 1,406 10,381 1,559 20,090 8,150
Camden.............................. 256.74 4,184 1,729 828 2,739 100 9,837 6,997
Cape May............................ 10.33 1,009 402 1,592 5,829 174 9,016 3,013
Cumberland.......................... 90.69 2,078 517 645 7,583 737 11,651 3,331
Essex............................... 286.06 5,914 2,059 1,624 874 331 11,087 9,883
Gloucester.......................... 965.17 4,768 1,059 850 2,667 196 10,504 7,642
Hudson.............................. 616.40 5,030 1,295 948 375 0 8,264 7,889
Hunterdon........................... 20.60 1,498 630 542 3,862 91 6,645 2,692
Mercer.............................. 95.29 3,440 1,351 718 2,220 34 7,859 5,605
Middlesex........................... 1,798.78 7,398 2,556 1,577 2,124 4 15,458 13,330
Monmouth............................ 112.88 5,638 2,083 1,843 4,518 194 14,389 9,677
Morris.............................. 115.06 4,990 1,706 1,567 5,261 181 13,819 8,378
Ocean............................... 149.61 5,038 1,941 3,246 8,728 1,760 20,862 10,375
Passaic............................. 154.29 3,980 1,407 906 3,051 17 9,514 6,447
Salem............................... 141.50 918 290 342 2,650 4 4,347 1,692
Somerset............................ 191.80 3,273 1,116 1,055 2,715 43 8,394 5,636
Sussex.............................. 57.52 1,597 556 573 6,314 57 9,154 2,783
Union............................... 1,122.24 4,515 1,605 977 730 1 8,950 8,220
Warren.............................. 67.12 1,222 508 311 4,273 10 6,391 2,108
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total in State.................. 6,809 81,555 28,652 25,476 88,238 5,690 236,420 142,492
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
1. Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).
2. Biogenic annual emissions are from the USEPA 2017 NEI.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOX
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tons per year
County -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic............................ 58.01 731 2,056 1,517 117 14 4,493 4,362
Bergen.............................. 455.04 2,534 6,281 3,737 27 1 13,035 13,007
Burlington.......................... 168.88 1,180 3,900 1,511 183 103 7,045 6,759
Camden.............................. 464.21 1,271 3,220 1,398 77 7 6,438 6,354
Cape May............................ 65.87 269 842 1,637 57 13 2,883 2,813
Cumberland.......................... 345.33 371 997 1,029 163 42 2,947 2,742
Essex............................... 1,110.80 2,002 4,290 5,109 20 15 12,548 12,512
Gloucester.......................... 1,592.71 728 2,409 1,361 154 16 6,261 6,091
Hudson.............................. 135.42 1,581 2,464 5,756 10 0 9,946 9,936
Hunterdon........................... 102.20 350 1,940 679 166 8 3,245 3,070
Mercer.............................. 178.12 1,176 2,903 806 107 3 5,173 5,063
Middlesex........................... 1,179.58 2,215 6,657 2,370 77 0 12,498 12,421
Monmouth............................ 95.59 1,668 3,635 3,425 150 14 8,988 8,824
Morris.............................. 67.71 1,535 3,973 1,729 59 11 7,374 7,304
Ocean............................... 258.66 1,329 3,338 2,603 121 88 7,738 7,529
Passaic............................. 35.57 1,130 2,223 1,344 24 1 4,757 4,732
Salem............................... 726.41 172 740 538 209 0 2,386 2,176
Somerset............................ 120.89 999 2,920 1,198 97 4 5,339 5,238
Sussex.............................. 27.04 362 748 304 100 5 1,547 1,442
Union............................... 2,400.28 1,328 3,585 1,904 18 0 9,235 9,217
Warren.............................. 235.86 277 1,559 261 109 1 2,442 2,333
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total in State.................. 9,824 23,208 60,681 40,215 2,045 346 136,318 133,927
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
1. Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).
2. Biogenic annual emissions are from the USEPA 2017 NEI.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CO
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tons per year
County -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic............................ 111.90 2,605 13,995 11,203 1,113 1,585 30,613 27,915
Bergen.............................. 251.88 4,402 42,820 39,219 277 83 87,052 86,692
Burlington.......................... 286.57 4,969 24,691 15,526 1,309 13,183 59,965 45,472
Camden.............................. 129.63 2,835 20,911 12,295 414 846 37,430 36,170
Cape May............................ 52.20 941 5,532 10,939 631 1,470 19,566 17,464
Cumberland.......................... 209.70 1,584 6,209 5,270 874 6,252 20,399 13,274
Essex............................... 312.88 2,674 28,144 21,038 185 2,816 55,170 52,169
[[Page 32173]]
Gloucester.......................... 676.04 2,727 15,272 10,488 412 1,647 31,223 29,163
Hudson.............................. 121.83 1,405 15,477 9,977 87 0 27,068 26,981
Hunterdon........................... 18.83 2,328 8,007 7,094 491 766 18,705 17,448
Mercer.............................. 141.31 2,652 17,778 11,040 347 288 32,245 31,611
Middlesex........................... 1,409.67 3,831 36,385 25,734 368 30 67,757 67,360
Monmouth............................ 54.89 4,882 29,321 24,211 662 1,640 60,771 58,468
Morris.............................. 76.89 5,673 23,026 23,618 584 1,531 54,509 52,394
Ocean............................... 515.58 5,287 25,610 23,355 1,156 14,952 70,874 54,767
Passaic............................. 41.20 2,077 17,069 12,884 348 140 32,560 32,072
Salem............................... 521.27 928 3,968 2,655 421 35 8,528 8,072
Somerset............................ 99.05 2,955 13,105 17,250 381 364 34,155 33,410
Sussex.............................. 81.97 3,341 5,971 5,448 660 478 15,980 14,843
Union............................... 545.67 1,934 20,801 15,891 166 5 39,342 39,172
Warren.............................. 73.73 1,918 6,231 3,556 471 81 12,332 11,779
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total in State.................. 5,733 61,948 380,323 308,691 11,357 48,191 816,243 756,695
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
1. Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).
2. Biogenic annual emissions are from the USEPA 2017 NEI.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PM2.5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tons per year
County ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic................................ 15.98 498 50 94 NA 70 729 659
Bergen.................................. 98.51 1,082 224 311 NA 4 1,720 1,716
Burlington.............................. 35.17 887 123 108 NA 578 1,732 1,154
Camden.................................. 42.80 557 111 102 NA 38 850 812
Cape May................................ 18.55 270 22 85 NA 66 461 395
Cumberland.............................. 215.80 345 27 42 NA 269 899 631
Essex................................... 91.81 692 158 208 NA 119 1,269 1,150
Gloucester.............................. 453.73 514 72 100 NA 74 1,214 1,139
Hudson.................................. 45.04 462 105 176 NA 0 788 788
Hunterdon............................... 10.49 507 69 55 NA 35 677 642
Mercer.................................. 48.02 519 100 84 NA 13 764 751
Middlesex............................... 375.27 868 232 188 NA 1 1,664 1,663
Monmouth................................ 33.24 1,077 113 205 NA 73 1,501 1,429
Morris.................................. 7.18 1,007 140 174 NA 66 1,395 1,328
Ocean................................... 35.77 1,016 88 169 NA 634 1,943 1,309
Passaic................................. 1.03 498 77 108 NA 6 690 683
Salem................................... 134.77 283 21 23 NA 2 463 462
Somerset................................ 7.16 604 119 122 NA 17 869 853
Sussex.................................. 4.31 553 25 33 NA 22 638 617
Union................................... 378.89 532 128 130 NA 0 1,168 1,168
Warren.................................. 30.95 363 49 26 NA 4 472 469
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total in State...................... 2,084 13,136 2,055 2,543 NA 2,090 21,908 19,818
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
\1\ Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).
\2\ Area Source fugitive dust emissions are post-adjustment.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SO2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tons per year
County ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic................................ 186.89 19 24 30 NA 7 267 260
Bergen.................................. 42.59 44 73 11 NA 0 171 171
Burlington.............................. 45.19 32 46 48 NA 53 225 171
Camden.................................. 80.49 21 40 13 NA 4 158 155
Cape May................................ 36.21 6 10 5 NA 7 64 57
Cumberland.............................. 195.12 15 11 13 NA 23 257 234
Essex................................... 71.66 45 48 334 NA 9 507 498
Gloucester.............................. 528.98 17 28 18 NA 8 600 592
Hudson.................................. 35.26 19 27 62 NA 0 143 143
Hunterdon............................... 0.80 16 19 2 NA 4 41 37
Mercer.................................. 10.96 17 34 6 NA 1 70 68
Middlesex............................... 111.70 28 78 14 NA 0 231 231
Monmouth................................ 14.64 55 58 20 NA 7 154 147
Morris.................................. 1.14 58 49 5 NA 6 119 113
Ocean................................... 48.45 26 43 18 NA 52 187 135
Passaic................................. 0.08 40 27 3 NA 1 71 70
[[Page 32174]]
Salem................................... 675.08 9 7 7 NA 0 699 699
Somerset................................ 1.97 18 33 3 NA 2 59 57
Sussex.................................. 5.62 42 11 1 NA 2 62 60
Union................................... 101.95 16 40 16 NA 0 174 174
Warren.................................. 26.28 13 14 1 NA 0 54 54
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total in State...................... 2,221 555 721 630 NA 186 4,313 4,127
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes: Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tons per year
County ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wildfire and
Point Area Onroad Nonroad Biogenic prescribed Total Total
sources sources sources sources burning anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic................................ 17.60 124 84 2 NA 13 240 227
Bergen.................................. 286.02 78 220 6 NA 1 591 591
Burlington.............................. 35.24 280 142 2 NA 108 568 460
Camden.................................. 18.07 47 118 2 NA 7 193 186
Cape May................................ 0.69 44 33 2 NA 12 92 80
Cumberland.............................. 30.40 149 35 1 NA 51 267 216
Essex................................... 67.96 167 144 4 NA 23 406 383
Gloucester.............................. 130.82 171 90 2 NA 14 407 393
Hudson.................................. 31.29 46 73 4 NA 0 154 154
Hunterdon............................... 1.32 266 54 1 NA 6 329 322
Mercer.................................. 7.98 118 105 2 NA 2 235 233
Middlesex............................... 241.03 106 229 4 NA 0 580 579
Monmouth................................ 51.16 313 178 4 NA 14 561 547
Morris.................................. 3.30 134 140 3 NA 13 293 280
Ocean................................... 76.85 162 142 4 NA 122 508 385
Passaic................................. 0.35 49 81 2 NA 1 134 132
Salem................................... 4.20 336 24 1 NA 0 365 364
Somerset................................ 0.76 89 91 2 NA 3 185 182
Sussex.................................. 0.04 249 33 1 NA 4 287 283
Union................................... 107.41 29 116 3 NA 0 255 255
Warren.................................. 7.55 293 40 0 NA 1 342 341
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total in State...................... 1,120 3,249 2,173 53 NA 396 6,990 6,594
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes: Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).
B. New Jersey Nonattainment 2011 Revision Emission Inventory
On June 11, 2015, New Jersey submitted the 2011 ozone emissions
inventory for the Northern New Jersey and Southern New Jersey ozone
nonattainment areas and the 2011 emissions inventory for the
PM2.5/Regional Haze areas and requested that EPA approve the
emissions inventory SIP revision. EPA approved New Jersey's 2011
emission inventory. (See 82 FR 44099, September 6, 2017). Due to the
reclassification of the Northern New Jersey and Southern New Jersey
ozone nonattainment areas to serious nonattainment for the 2008 ozone
NAAQS, New Jersey made revisions to the 2011 emission inventory. New
Jersey affirmed in its November 23, 2021, submission that it is meeting
the 2008 ozone NAAQS emission inventory requirements pursuant to CAA
sections 182(a)(3)(A) and 182(c). The emission inventory requirement is
addressed through the submission of the 2011 baseline emission
inventory. Minor updates were made to the 2011 base year emissions
inventory which included essential data elements, source categories,
sample calculations, or report documentation according to the EPA
guidance to allow the EPA to adequately determine if the inventory is
accurate and complete. Consequently, New Jersey's 2011 base year
emissions inventory was consistent with the ozone base year emission
inventory reporting requirements based on EPA guidance.
IV. Proposed Action
The New Jersey 2017 emission inventory SIP revision will ensure
that the requirements for emission inventory measures and reporting are
adequately met. To comply with the emission inventory requirements, on
November 23, 2021, New Jersey submitted the complete inventory
containing point, area, on-road, non-road mobile, biogenic, and
wildfires and prescribed fires source data, and accompanying
documentation.
The EPA is proposing to approve New Jersey's 2017 and revised 2011
emission inventories SIP revision submittal as meeting the essential
reporting requirements for emission inventories.
The EPA has also determined that the SIP revision meets the
requirements for emission inventories in accordance with EPA guidance.
Therefore, EPA is proposing to approve the revision to the New Jersey
SIP that pertains to the 2017 calendar year summer season daily and
annual ozone precursor emission inventories for VOC, NOx and
CO for the New Jersey portion of the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long
Island NY-NJ-CT, and the Southern New Jersey-Philadelphia-Delaware-
Maryland nonattainment areas.
In addition, the EPA is proposing to approve the 2017 calendar year
PM2.5/Regional Haze emissions inventory that was developed
statewide for New Jersey. The pollutants included in the inventory are
annual emissions for VOC, NOx, PM2.5,
PM10, NH3 and SO2.
[[Page 32175]]
Additionally, the EPA is proposing to approve New Jersey's
certification that it has met the requirements for nonattainment
emission inventory and fully meets the requirements of the Act for the
2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS.
Interested parties may participate in the Federal rulemaking
procedure by submitting written comments to the EPA Region 2 Office by
the method discussed in the ADDRESSES section of this action.
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under the Act, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP
submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices,
provided that they meet the criteria of the Act. Accordingly, this
action merely approves state law as meeting Federal requirements and
does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by state
law. For that reason, this action:
Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21,
2011);
Does not impose an information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
Is certified as not having a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
Does not have federalism implications as specified in
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
Is not an economically significant regulatory action based
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR
19885, April 23, 1997);
Is not a significant regulatory action subject to
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272
note) because this action does not involve technical standards;
In addition, the SIP is not proposing to apply on any Indian
reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian tribe
has demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of
Indian country, the rulemaking does not have tribal implications and it
will not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or
preempt tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249,
November 9, 2000).
Executive Order 12898 (Federal Actions to Address Environmental
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations, 59 FR 7629,
February 16, 1994) directs Federal agencies to identify and address
``disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental
effects'' of their actions on minority populations and low-income
populations to the greatest extent practicable and permitted by law.
EPA defines environmental justice (EJ) as ``the fair treatment and
meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color,
national origin, or income with respect to the development,
implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and
policies.'' EPA further defines the term fair treatment to mean that
``no group of people should bear a disproportionate burden of
environmental harms and risks, including those resulting from the
negative environmental consequences of industrial, governmental, and
commercial operations or programs and policies.''
The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection did not
evaluate environmental justice considerations as part of its SIP
submittal; the CAA and applicable implementing regulations neither
prohibit nor require such an evaluation. EPA did not perform an EJ
analysis and did not consider EJ in this action. Due to the nature of
the action being taken here, this action is expected to have a neutral
to positive impact on the air quality of the affected area.
Consideration of EJ is not required as part of this action, and there
is no information in the record inconsistent with the stated goal of
E.O. 12898 of achieving environmental justice for people of color, low-
income populations, and Indigenous peoples.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide,
Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen
dioxide, Ozone, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Sulfur oxides, Volatile organic compounds.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
Lisa Garcia,
Regional Administrator, Region 2.
[FR Doc. 2023-10337 Filed 5-18-23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P