[Federal Register Volume 88, Number 97 (Friday, May 19, 2023)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 32167-32175]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2023-10337]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[Docket No. EPA-R02-OAR-2022-0459; FRL-10785-01-R2]


Approval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Jersey; New 
Jersey 2017 Periodic Emission Inventory SIP for Ozone Nonattainment and 
PM2.5/Regional Haze Areas, New Jersey Nonattainment Emission Inventory 
for 2008 Ozone NAAQS

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to 
approve State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions related to the 2008 
8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The SIP 
revision consists of the following: 2017 calendar year ozone precursor 
emission inventories for volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of 
nitrogen (NOX) and carbon monoxide (CO) for the Northern New 
Jersey portion of the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island NY-NJ-CT 
ozone nonattainment area (Northern New Jersey) and the Southern New 
Jersey portion of the Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-MD-
DE ozone nonattainment area (Southern New Jersey).

DATES: Written comments must be received on or before June 20, 2023.

ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a docket for this action under 
Docket ID No. EPA-R02-OAR-2022-0459 at https://www.regulations.gov. 
Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly 
available, e.g., Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other 
material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet 
and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly 
available docket materials are available through https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting 
comments. Once submitted, comments cannot be edited or removed from 
Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish any comment received to its public 
docket. Do not submit electronically any information you consider to be 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia submissions (audio, 
video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written comment. The written 
comment is considered the official comment and should include 
discussion of all points you wish to make. The EPA will generally not 
consider comments or comment contents located outside of the primary 
submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing system). For 
additional submission methods, the full EPA public comment policy, 
information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and general guidance 
on making effective comments, please visit https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ysabel Banon, Air Programs Branch, 
Environmental Protection Agency, 290 Broadway, 25th Floor, New York, 
New York 10007-1866, telephone number (212) 637-3382, or by email at 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The SIP revision also consists of the 2017 
calendar year statewide periodic emissions inventory for New Jersey. 
The pollutants included in this inventory include VOC, NOX, 
CO, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal 
to 2.5 microns (PM2.5), particulate matter with an 
aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 microns 
(PM10), ammonia (NH3) and sulfur dioxide 
(SO2). Emission inventories are needed to develop and assess 
new control strategies that the states may use in attainment 
demonstration SIPs associated with the NAAQS for ozone, CO and 
PM2.5 and for regional haze planning SIPs.
    In addition, EPA is proposing to approve the demonstration portion 
of the comprehensive SIP revision submitted by New Jersey that 
certifies that the State has satisfied the requirements for a 
nonattainment emission inventory for a Serious classification of the 
2008 NAAQS.

I. Background
    A. Statutory and Regulatory Requirements for Emission Inventory
II. Description of State's Submittal
III. Evaluation of the State's Submittal
    A. New Jersey 2017 Periodic Emission Inventory

[[Page 32168]]

    B. New Jersey Nonattainment 2011 Revision Emission Inventory
IV. Proposed Action
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. Background

    Ozone is a gas that is formed by the reaction of VOC and 
NOX in the atmosphere in the presence of sunlight. 
Therefore, an emission inventory for ozone focuses on the emissions of 
VOC and NOX referred to as ozone precursors. These 
precursors (VOC and NOX) are emitted by many types of 
pollution sources, including point sources such as power plants and 
industrial emissions sources; on-road and off-road mobile sources 
(motor vehicles and engines); and smaller residential and commercial 
sources, such as dry cleaners, auto body shops, and household paints, 
collectively referred to as nonpoint sources (also called area 
sources).
    The Clean Air Act (CAA or the Act) requires that areas designated 
as nonattainment for ozone and classified as moderate or worse 
demonstrate Reasonable Further Progress (RFP) by reducing emissions of 
ozone precursors (NOX and VOCs).\1\
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    \1\ See CAA sections 172(c)(2) and 182(b)(1) and 40 CFR 51.1110.
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    On March 12, 2008, the EPA revised both the primary and secondary 
NAAQS \2\ for ozone to a level of 0.075 parts per million (ppm) (annual 
fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average concentration, averaged 
over three years) to provide increased protection of public health and 
the environment. (See 73 FR 16436, March 27, 2008). The 2008 ozone 
NAAQS retains the same general form and averaging time as the 0.08 ppm 
NAAQS set on 1997, but is set at a more protective level. Under the 
EPA's regulations, the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS is attained when the 3-
year average of the annual fourth highest daily maximum 8-hour average 
ambient air quality ozone concentrations is less than or equal to 0.075 
ppm. See 40 CFR 50.15.\3\
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    \2\ The primary ozone standards provide protection for children, 
older adults, and people with asthma or other lung diseases, and 
other at-risk populations against an array of adverse health effects 
that include reduced lung function, increased respiratory symptoms 
and pulmonary inflammation; effects that contribute to emergency 
department visits or hospital admissions; and mortality. The 
secondary ozone standards protect against adverse effects to the 
public welfare, including those related to impacts on sensitive 
vegetation and forested ecosystems.
    \3\ For a detailed explanation of the calculation of the 3-year 
8-hour average. (See 80 FR 65296 and 40 CFR part 50, Appendix U).
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    Effective July 20, 2012, the EPA designated as nonattainment any 
area that was violating the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS based on the three 
most recent years (2008-2010) of air monitoring data. (See 77 FR 30088, 
May 21, 2012). With that rulemaking, Northern New Jersey and Southern 
New Jersey areas were designated as marginal ozone nonattainment areas. 
Areas that were designated as marginal nonattainment were required to 
attain the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS no later than July 20, 2015, based 
on 2012-2014 monitoring data.
    The counties in Northern New Jersey consist of Bergen, Essex, 
Hudson, Hunterdon, Middlesex, Monmouth, Morris, Passaic, Somerset, 
Sussex, Union, and Warren. The counties in Southern New Jersey consist 
of Atlantic, Burlington, Camden, Cape May, Cumberland, Gloucester, 
Mercer, Ocean, and Salem.
    On May 4, 2016, the EPA published its determination that Northern 
New Jersey had failed to attain the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS by the 
attainment deadline and the area was reclassified to moderate ozone 
nonattainment area. See 40 CFR 81.306. (See 81 FR 26697). Moderate 
areas are required to attain the 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS by no later 
than six years after the effective date of designations, or July 20, 
2018, based on 2015-2017 monitoring data See 40 CFR 51.903.
    Effective September 23, 2019, the EPA published its determination 
that Northern New Jersey had failed to attain 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS 
by the attainment deadline based on the monitoring data (2015-17), and 
the area was reclassified as serious nonattainment area. (See 84 FR 
44238, August 23, 2019). Areas that were designated as serious 
nonattainment were required to attain the 2008 ozone NAAQS no later 
than July 20, 2021, based on 2018-2020 monitoring data. (See id.)
    Effective November 7, 2022, the EPA published its determination 
that Northern New Jersey had failed to attain 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS 
by the attainment deadline based on the most recent years (2018-2020). 
(See 87 FR 60926, October 7, 2022). Areas that were reclassified as 
severe nonattainment were required to attain the 2008 8-hour ozone 
NAAQS must attain the standard ``as expeditious as practicable'' but no 
later than July 20, 2027, based on 2024-2026 monitoring data. (See id.)

A. Statutory and Regulatory Requirements for Emission Inventories

    Section 182(a)(3)(B) of the Act requires states with ozone 
nonattainment areas to submit revisions to their SIP to require the 
owner or operator of each major stationary source of NOX or 
VOC to provide the state with annual statements documenting the actual 
emissions of NOX and VOC from their sources. For 
nonattainment areas, air agencies must develop, and include in their 
SIPs, emission reporting programs for certain VOC and NOX 
sources. CAA section 110, in conjunction with 40 CFR 51.102, 51.103 and 
Appendix V, establishes the procedure for submitting a SIP revision. In 
addition, 40 CFR 51.308(d)(4)(v) of EPA's Regional Haze Rule (RHR) 
requires the establishment of a statewide emissions inventory of 
pollutants that are reasonably anticipated to cause or contribute to 
visibility impairment in any mandatory Class I area.
    Sections 172(c)(3) and 182(a)(1) of the Act require states to 
develop and submit, as a SIP revision, ``base year'' emissions 
inventories for all areas designated as nonattainment for an ozone 
NAAQS.
    The EPA's 2008 ozone NAAQS was published on March 6, 2015 (the 2008 
ozone rule). (See 80 FR 12264). The 2008 ozone rule established 
implementation requirements for the 2008 ozone NAAQS, including 
requirements for base year emissions inventories under CAA section 
182(a)(1). (See id.). The ozone rule for the 2008 ozone NAAQS is 
codified at 40 CFR part 51, subpart CC, and the emissions inventory 
requirements are codified at 40 CFR 51.1315.
    40 CFR 51.1315(a) requires each ozone nonattainment area to submit 
a base year inventory within 2 years of designation. 40 CFR 51.1315(a) 
also requires that the inventory year be selected consistent with the 
baseline year for the RFP plan as required by 40 CFR 51.1310(b), which 
states that the baseline emissions inventory shall be the emissions 
inventory for the most recent calendar year for which a complete 
triennial inventory is required to be submitted to the EPA under the 
provisions of subpart A of 40 CFR part 51, Air Emissions Reporting 
Requirements, 40 CFR 51.1 through 50. New Jersey selected 2017 as their 
baseline emissions inventory year for RFP.
    For the ozone NAAQS, states are required to submit ozone season day 
emissions estimates for an inventory calendar year to be consistent 
with the baseline year for RFP plans as required by 40 CFR 51.1310(b) 
and 40 CFR 51.1315. Under 40 CFR 51.1310(b), for the 2008 ozone NAAQS, 
the RFP baseline year is the most recent calendar year for which a 
complete triennial inventory is required to be submitted to the EPA 
under 40 CFR 51 subpart A.

[[Page 32169]]

States may use an alternative baseline emissions inventory provided 
that the year selected corresponds with the year of the effective date 
of designation as nonattainment for that NAAQS.
    40 CFR 51.1315(c) requires emissions values included in the base 
year inventory to be actual ozone season day emissions as defined by 40 
CFR 51.1300(q), which states that ozone season day emissions are an 
average day's emissions for a typical ozone season work weekday. Per 
EPA's 2017 guidance on emissions inventory development, the selected 
ozone season should be representative of the conditions leading to 
nonattainment.\4\
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    \4\ EPA, ``Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementation of 
Ozone and Particulate Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards 
(NAAQS) and Regional Haze Regulations'', at 75 (May 2017).
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    Sections 182(a)(1), 182(a)(3) and 172(c)(3) of the Act require the 
periodic submission of emissions inventories for the SIP planning 
process to address the pollutants for the ozone, PM2.5 and 
CO NAAQS. Identifying the calendar year gives certainty to states that 
require submission of the ozone, PM2.5 and CO emission 
inventories periodically. These requirements allow the EPA, based on 
the states' progress in reducing emissions, to periodically reassess 
its policies and air quality standards and revise them as necessary. 
Most important, the ozone, PM2.5 and CO inventories will be 
used to develop and assess new control strategies that the states may 
use in attainment demonstration SIPs for the new NAAQS for ozone and 
PM2.5. The inventory may also serve as part of statewide 
inventories for purposes of regional modeling in transport areas. The 
inventory plays an important role in modeling demonstrations for areas 
classified as nonattainment and outside transport regions. For Regional 
Haze, New Jersey has a Class I area within its borders: Brigantine 
Wilderness Area. Emissions from New Jersey's sources were also found to 
impact visibility at several other Class I areas: Acadia National Park 
and the Moosehorn Wilderness Area in Maine, the Great Gulf Wilderness 
Area and Presidential Range/Dry River and the Lye Brook Wilderness Area 
in Vermont. (See 76 FR 49711, August 11, 2011). Therefore, an emissions 
inventory is needed for the Regional Haze air quality planning program 
effort.
    The pollutants inventoried by New Jersey include VOC, 
NOX, and CO summertime daily and annual emissions for the 
ozone areas; and VOC, NOX, PM2.5, 
PM10, NH3 and SO2 annual emissions for 
the PM2.5 and/or Regional Haze areas. For the reasons stated 
above, EPA would therefore emphasize the importance and benefits of 
developing a comprehensive, current, and accurate ozone and 
PM2.5/Regional Haze emissions inventory (similar to the 1990 
base year inventory effort). In this case, New Jersey selected the 2017 
calendar year as the inventory that it will use for planning purposes 
for ozone and PM2.5/Regional Haze areas.

II. Description of State's Submittal

    CAA Section 182 subpart 2 outlines SIP requirements applicable to 
ozone nonattainment areas in each classification category. On November 
23, 2021, New Jersey submitted a comprehensive SIP revision that 
included the 2017 calendar year ozone precursor emission inventory for 
VOC, NOX, CO, PM2.5, PM10, 
NH3 and SO2 for the Northern New Jersey and 
Southern New Jersey ozone nonattainment areas. In addition, the SIP 
revision submittal consisted of the 2017 calendar year statewide 
periodic emissions inventory for VOC, NOX and CO, and a 
revision for the 2011 nonattainment base year emission inventory for 
the previous Serious classification of the 2008 NAAQS for the Northern 
New Jersey nonattainment area. On March 31, 2023, New Jersey submitted 
a technical correction to the EPA regarding their 2017 SO2 
point source inventory emissions by category. The technical correction 
was necessary because the previously submitted emissions for 
SO2 that were incorrect.
    The New Jersey emissions inventory SIP revision will ensure that 
the requirements for emissions inventory measures and reporting are 
adequately met. To comply with the emissions inventory requirements, 
New Jersey submitted a complete inventory containing point, area, on-
road, and non-road mobile source data, anthropogenic sources, as well 
as biogenic sources and wildfires and prescribed fires, in the 
nonattainment areas and accompanying documentation.

III. Evaluation of State's Submittals

A. New Jersey 2017 Periodic Emission Inventory

    Based on the EPA's review, the 2017 periodic year emissions 
inventory for New Jersey's ozone nonattainment areas, and the entire 
State include essential data elements, source categories, sample 
calculations, or report documentation to allow the EPA to adequately 
determine if the inventory is accurate and complete. Consequently, New 
Jersey's 2017 base year emissions inventory is consistent with the 
ozone base year emission inventory reporting requirements based on EPA 
guidance. New Jersey's 2017 base year inventory is consistent with the 
ozone base year emission inventory reporting requirements for the 
following reasons:
    1. Evidence that the inventory was quality assured by the State and 
its implementation documented;
    2. The point source inventory must be complete;
    3. Point source emissions must have been prepared or calculated 
according to current EPA guidance;
    4. The area source inventory must be complete;
    5. The area source emissions must have been prepared or calculated 
according to current EPA guidance;
    6. Non-road mobile emissions must have been prepared according to 
current EPA guidance for all of the source categories;
    7. The method (e.g., Highway Performance Monitoring System or a 
network transportation planning model) used to develop the vehicle 
miles travelled (VMT) estimates must follow EPA guidance (the VMT 
development methods were described and documented in the inventory 
report); and
    8. On-road mobile emissions were prepared according to the 
guidance.
    Annual and ozone season day point, area, non-road, on-road, 
biogenic, and wildfires and prescribed fires emissions are identified 
in the inventory. Based on the EPA's review, New Jersey satisfies all 
of the EPA's requirements for purposes of providing a comprehensive 
accurate, and current inventory of actual emissions for the ozone 
nonattainment. A summary of the EPA's review is given below:

    1. The Quality Assurance (QA) plan was implemented for all 
portions of the inventory. The QA plan included a QA/Quality control 
(QC) program for assessing data completeness and standard range 
checking. Critical data elements relative to the inventory sources 
were assessed for completeness. QA checks were performed relative to 
data collection and analysis, and double counting of emissions from 
point, area, and mobile sources. QA/QC checks were conducted to 
ensure accuracy of units, unit conversions, transposition of 
figures, and calculations. The inventory is well documented. New 
Jersey provided documentation detailing the methods used to develop 
emissions estimates for each category. In addition, New Jersey 
identified the sources of data it used to develop the inventory;
    2. The point source emissions are complete in accordance with 
EPA guidance;
    3. The point source emissions were prepared and calculated in 
accordance with EPA guidance;

[[Page 32170]]

    4. The area source emissions are complete in accordance with EPA 
guidance;
    5. Area source emissions were prepared and calculated in 
accordance with EPA guidance;
    6. Emission estimates for the non-road mobile source categories 
are correctly based on the latest non-road mobile model or other 
appropriate guidance and prepared in accordance with EPA guidance;
    7. The method used to develop VMT estimates is in accordance 
with EPA guidance and was adequately described and documented in the 
inventory report; and
    8. The latest Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES2014b) 
model was used in accordance with EPA guidance.

    New Jersey's 2017 ozone emission inventory has been developed in 
accordance with EPA guidance. Therefore, the EPA is proposing to 
approve the emission inventory. Detailed emission inventory development 
procedures can be found in the following document: Emission Inventory 
Guidance for Implementation of Ozone and Particulate Matter NAAQS and 
Regional Haze Regulation, dated July 2017; Using MOVES to Prepare 
Emission Inventories in State Implementation Plans and Transportation 
Conformity: Technical Guidance for MOVES2014, 2014b, first released in 
August 2018.
    Table 1 below shows the statewide summary of the 2017 Annual 
emissions for VOC, NOX and CO. Tables 2 and 3 below show the 
2017 CO, NOX, and VOC annual emission by category for the 
ozone nonattainment areas. Table 4 below shows the summary emission by 
category, in tons per ozone season day.

                                                   Table 1--Statewide Summary of 2017 Annual Emissions
                                                                         [Tons]
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                                                         2017 New Jersey State Annual Emissions
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                                                                                                          Wildfire and
                                           Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic     prescribed         Total           Total
                                                                                                             burning                      anthropogenic
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VOC...................................        6,809       81,555       28,652       25,476       88,238           5,690         236,420          142,492
NOX...................................        9,824       23,208       60,681       40,215        2,045             346         136,319          133,928
CO....................................        5,733       61,948      380,323      308,691       11,357          48,191         816,243          756,695
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                             Table 2--Northern New Jersey Portion NJ-NY-CT Ozone Nonattainment Area 2017 Emission Inventory
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                                                                                                VOC
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                                                                                        Tons per summer day
                  County                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                             Wildfire and
                                              Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic     prescribed       Total          Total
                                             sources      sources      sources      sources                     burning                   anthropogenic
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Bergen...................................         2.11        23.83         9.06         7.42         4.06            0.08        46.56            42.42
Essex....................................         1.06        17.97         6.11         4.76         2.39              NA        32.30            29.90
Hudson...................................         1.71        15.46         3.52         2.75         1.03              NA        24.47            23.44
Hunterdon................................         0.13         4.00         1.74         1.74        10.58            0.04        18.23             7.60
Middlesex................................        15.89        22.32         8.23         5.41         5.82            0.03        57.71            51.86
Monmouth.................................         0.44        16.55         6.83         5.46        12.38            0.20        41.85            29.28
Morris...................................         0.50        14.09         5.25         4.96        14.41            0.07        39.30            24.81
Passaic..................................         0.77        12.15         3.98         2.59         8.36            0.14        27.99            19.49
Somerset.................................         0.89         9.44         3.38         3.77         7.44            0.02        24.94            17.48
Sussex...................................         0.16         3.93         1.54         1.59        17.30            0.15        24.66             7.21
Union....................................         3.23        13.89         5.06         3.20         2.00            0.00        27.39            25.38
Warren...................................         0.31         3.30         1.40         0.93        11.71            0.08        17.73             5.94
                                          --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in Northern NAA Area...........        27.21       156.93        56.10        44.58        97.48            0.82       383.12           284.82
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                                                                                                NOX
                                          --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                        Tons per summer day
                  County                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                             Wildfire and
                                              Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic     prescribed       Total          Total
                                             sources      sources      sources      sources                     burning                   anthropogenic
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Bergen...................................         2.16         2.84        15.71        10.03         0.07            0.01        30.82            30.74
Essex....................................         3.74         2.26        11.56        13.99         0.06              NA        31.61            31.55
Hudson...................................         0.85         1.81         6.26        17.89         0.03              NA        26.85            26.82
Hunterdon................................         1.36         0.39         5.00         2.66         0.46            0.00         9.88             9.42
Middlesex................................         7.02         2.55        18.72         8.92         0.21            0.00        37.43            37.21
Monmouth.................................         0.42         1.85        10.15        10.54         0.41            0.01        23.38            22.95
Morris...................................         0.72         1.78        10.48         4.88         0.16            0.00        18.03            17.86
Passaic..................................         0.15         1.25         5.37         3.49         0.07            0.01        10.34            10.26
Somerset.................................         4.62         1.16         7.70         4.18         0.27            0.00        17.93            17.66
Sussex...................................         0.10         0.42         1.84         1.38         0.27            0.01         4.02             3.74
Union....................................         8.20         1.49         9.57         5.35         0.05            0.00        24.67            24.62
Warren...................................         0.74         0.30         3.95         0.91         0.30            0.01         6.21             5.91
                                          --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in Northern NAA Area...........        30.08        18.12       106.31        84.23         2.35            0.06       241.15           238.75
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[[Page 32171]]


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                                                                                                 CO
                                          --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                        Tons per summer day
                  County                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                             Wildfire and
                                              Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic     prescribed       Total          Total
                                             sources      sources      sources      sources                     burning                   anthropogenic
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Bergen...................................         0.92         3.98       122.21       144.08         0.76            0.71       272.66           271.20
Essex....................................         0.97         2.97        81.97        69.21         0.51              NA       155.63           155.12
Hudson...................................         0.70         2.16        38.99        34.28         0.24              NA        76.37            76.13
Hunterdon................................         1.90         1.21        24.71        28.60         1.35            0.36        58.12            56.42
Middlesex................................         7.20         3.45       121.47       100.96         1.01            0.25       234.34           233.08
Monmouth.................................         0.31         2.98        99.51        88.71         1.81            1.66       194.98           191.51
Morris...................................         0.54         3.02        75.05        90.22         1.60            0.61       171.04           168.83
Passaic..................................         0.18         1.79        47.11        45.02         0.95            1.19        96.24            94.10
Somerset.................................         2.00         1.83        46.47        71.11         1.04            0.18       122.64           121.41
Sussex...................................         1.33         1.48        17.41        19.01         1.81            1.26        42.29            39.23
Union....................................         2.23         2.08        64.71        59.87         0.45            0.04       129.38           128.89
Warren...................................         0.25         0.98        18.57        12.78         1.29            0.69        34.56            32.58
                                          --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in State.......................        18.52        27.93       758.18       763.85        12.82            6.94     1,588.25         1,568.49
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes: Biogenic annual emissions are from the USEPA 2017 NEI. 2017 tons per day values were estimated by dividing the annual value by 365.


                            Table 3--Southern New Jersey Portion PA-NJ-MD-DE Ozone Nonattainment Area 2017 Emission Inventory
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                                                                                                VOC
                                          --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                        Tons per summer day
                  County                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                             Wildfire and
                                              Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic     prescribed       Total          Total
                                             sources      sources      sources      sources                     burning                   anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic.................................         0.08         7.27         2.60         3.59        40.71            0.92        55.17            13.54
Burlington...............................         1.06        13.70         4.73         4.26        50.31            0.14        74.20            23.75
Camden...................................         0.67        12.56         4.62         2.55        15.62            0.10        36.12            20.40
Cape May.................................         0.08         2.98         1.04         3.69        14.71            0.06        22.57             7.79
Cumberland...............................         0.43         6.18         1.30         1.34        27.08            0.63        36.95             9.24
Gloucester...............................         5.36        14.43         2.89         2.42        16.97            0.56        42.63            25.10
Mercer...................................         0.36        10.20         7.02         2.60         9.72            0.01        29.91            20.17
Ocean....................................         0.45        14.31         5.69         6.45        41.73           10.97        79.61            26.91
Salem....................................         0.62         2.74         0.74         0.76        17.21            0.03        22.10             4.85
                                          --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in Southern NAA Area...........         9.10        84.37        30.63        27.66       234.06           13.43       399.25           151.76
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                                                                                              NOX
                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                      Tons per summer day
               County                -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Wildfire and
                                         Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic       prescribed        Total           Total
                                        sources      sources      sources      sources                      burning                      anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic............................         0.35         0.82         5.51         4.56         0.26               0.07        11.57              11.24
Burlington..........................         1.63         1.33         8.98         5.17         0.35               0.01        17.47              17.11
Camden..............................         2.27         1.43         7.73         3.88         0.18               0.00        15.50              15.32
Cape May............................         0.11         0.30         2.06         4.27         0.18               0.00         6.92               6.73
Cumberland..........................         1.86         0.43         2.10         2.86         0.36               0.03         7.64               7.25
Gloucester..........................         5.59         0.79         5.66         3.48         0.28               0.04        15.85              15.52
Mercer..............................         1.02         1.40         3.60         4.01         0.19               0.00        10.22              10.03
Ocean...............................         2.02         1.34         7.90         6.37         0.26               0.46        18.35              17.63
Salem...............................         3.74         0.20         1.45         1.50         0.38               0.00         7.27               6.89
                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in Southern NAA Area......        18.58         8.04        44.99        36.12         2.44               0.62       110.79             107.73
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                              CO
                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                      Tons per summer day
               County                -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Wildfire and
                                         Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic       prescribed        Total           Total
                                        sources      sources      sources      sources                      burning                      anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic............................         0.27         1.57        31.70        34.07         3.43              78.39       149.43              67.61
Burlington..........................         1.12         2.46        65.99        57.60         5.32             131.94       264.44             127.18
Camden..............................         0.61         2.12        58.55        44.31         1.48             107.62       214.69             105.60
Cape May............................         0.15         0.62        11.41        28.82         1.41              43.27        85.68              41.00
Cumberland..........................         2.02         0.98        13.03        14.11         2.74              37.92        70.80              30.14
Gloucester..........................         2.32         1.48        41.87        38.35         1.78              89.87       175.66              84.01
Mercer..............................         0.65         1.99        49.42        45.39         1.29              98.52       197.26              97.45
Ocean...............................         2.09         2.51        74.09        62.02         4.25             237.28       382.24             140.71
Salem...............................         3.41         0.54         8.38         7.79         1.72              21.57        43.41              20.12
                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in State..................        12.64        14.27       354.44       332.47        23.42             846.37     1,583.62             713.82
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes: Biogenic annual emissions are from the USEPA 2017 NEI. 2017 tons per day values were estimated by dividing the annual value by 365.


[[Page 32172]]


                                    Table 4--2017 Statewide Emission Inventory by County, Source Sector and Pollutant
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                              VOC
                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                         Tons per year
               County                -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Wildfire and
                                         Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic       prescribed        Total           Total
                                        sources      sources      sources      sources                      burning                      anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic............................        25.77        2,478          979        1,556        9,861                188       15,087              5,038
Bergen..............................       277.41        7,875        3,085        2,370        1,482                 10       15,100             13,608
Burlington..........................       253.88        4,711        1,779        1,406       10,381              1,559       20,090              8,150
Camden..............................       256.74        4,184        1,729          828        2,739                100        9,837              6,997
Cape May............................        10.33        1,009          402        1,592        5,829                174        9,016              3,013
Cumberland..........................        90.69        2,078          517          645        7,583                737       11,651              3,331
Essex...............................       286.06        5,914        2,059        1,624          874                331       11,087              9,883
Gloucester..........................       965.17        4,768        1,059          850        2,667                196       10,504              7,642
Hudson..............................       616.40        5,030        1,295          948          375                  0        8,264              7,889
Hunterdon...........................        20.60        1,498          630          542        3,862                 91        6,645              2,692
Mercer..............................        95.29        3,440        1,351          718        2,220                 34        7,859              5,605
Middlesex...........................     1,798.78        7,398        2,556        1,577        2,124                  4       15,458             13,330
Monmouth............................       112.88        5,638        2,083        1,843        4,518                194       14,389              9,677
Morris..............................       115.06        4,990        1,706        1,567        5,261                181       13,819              8,378
Ocean...............................       149.61        5,038        1,941        3,246        8,728              1,760       20,862             10,375
Passaic.............................       154.29        3,980        1,407          906        3,051                 17        9,514              6,447
Salem...............................       141.50          918          290          342        2,650                  4        4,347              1,692
Somerset............................       191.80        3,273        1,116        1,055        2,715                 43        8,394              5,636
Sussex..............................        57.52        1,597          556          573        6,314                 57        9,154              2,783
Union...............................     1,122.24        4,515        1,605          977          730                  1        8,950              8,220
Warren..............................        67.12        1,222          508          311        4,273                 10        6,391              2,108
                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in State..................        6,809       81,555       28,652       25,476       88,238              5,690      236,420            142,492
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
1. Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).
2. Biogenic annual emissions are from the USEPA 2017 NEI.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                              NOX
                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                         Tons per year
               County                -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Wildfire and
                                         Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic       prescribed        Total           Total
                                        sources      sources      sources      sources                      burning                      anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic............................        58.01          731        2,056        1,517          117                 14        4,493              4,362
Bergen..............................       455.04        2,534        6,281        3,737           27                  1       13,035             13,007
Burlington..........................       168.88        1,180        3,900        1,511          183                103        7,045              6,759
Camden..............................       464.21        1,271        3,220        1,398           77                  7        6,438              6,354
Cape May............................        65.87          269          842        1,637           57                 13        2,883              2,813
Cumberland..........................       345.33          371          997        1,029          163                 42        2,947              2,742
Essex...............................     1,110.80        2,002        4,290        5,109           20                 15       12,548             12,512
Gloucester..........................     1,592.71          728        2,409        1,361          154                 16        6,261              6,091
Hudson..............................       135.42        1,581        2,464        5,756           10                  0        9,946              9,936
Hunterdon...........................       102.20          350        1,940          679          166                  8        3,245              3,070
Mercer..............................       178.12        1,176        2,903          806          107                  3        5,173              5,063
Middlesex...........................     1,179.58        2,215        6,657        2,370           77                  0       12,498             12,421
Monmouth............................        95.59        1,668        3,635        3,425          150                 14        8,988              8,824
Morris..............................        67.71        1,535        3,973        1,729           59                 11        7,374              7,304
Ocean...............................       258.66        1,329        3,338        2,603          121                 88        7,738              7,529
Passaic.............................        35.57        1,130        2,223        1,344           24                  1        4,757              4,732
Salem...............................       726.41          172          740          538          209                  0        2,386              2,176
Somerset............................       120.89          999        2,920        1,198           97                  4        5,339              5,238
Sussex..............................        27.04          362          748          304          100                  5        1,547              1,442
Union...............................     2,400.28        1,328        3,585        1,904           18                  0        9,235              9,217
Warren..............................       235.86          277        1,559          261          109                  1        2,442              2,333
                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in State..................        9,824       23,208       60,681       40,215        2,045                346      136,318            133,927
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
1. Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).
2. Biogenic annual emissions are from the USEPA 2017 NEI.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                              CO
                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                         Tons per year
               County                -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Wildfire and
                                         Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic       prescribed        Total           Total
                                        sources      sources      sources      sources                      burning                      anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic............................       111.90        2,605       13,995       11,203        1,113              1,585       30,613             27,915
Bergen..............................       251.88        4,402       42,820       39,219          277                 83       87,052             86,692
Burlington..........................       286.57        4,969       24,691       15,526        1,309             13,183       59,965             45,472
Camden..............................       129.63        2,835       20,911       12,295          414                846       37,430             36,170
Cape May............................        52.20          941        5,532       10,939          631              1,470       19,566             17,464
Cumberland..........................       209.70        1,584        6,209        5,270          874              6,252       20,399             13,274
Essex...............................       312.88        2,674       28,144       21,038          185              2,816       55,170             52,169

[[Page 32173]]

 
Gloucester..........................       676.04        2,727       15,272       10,488          412              1,647       31,223             29,163
Hudson..............................       121.83        1,405       15,477        9,977           87                  0       27,068             26,981
Hunterdon...........................        18.83        2,328        8,007        7,094          491                766       18,705             17,448
Mercer..............................       141.31        2,652       17,778       11,040          347                288       32,245             31,611
Middlesex...........................     1,409.67        3,831       36,385       25,734          368                 30       67,757             67,360
Monmouth............................        54.89        4,882       29,321       24,211          662              1,640       60,771             58,468
Morris..............................        76.89        5,673       23,026       23,618          584              1,531       54,509             52,394
Ocean...............................       515.58        5,287       25,610       23,355        1,156             14,952       70,874             54,767
Passaic.............................        41.20        2,077       17,069       12,884          348                140       32,560             32,072
Salem...............................       521.27          928        3,968        2,655          421                 35        8,528              8,072
Somerset............................        99.05        2,955       13,105       17,250          381                364       34,155             33,410
Sussex..............................        81.97        3,341        5,971        5,448          660                478       15,980             14,843
Union...............................       545.67        1,934       20,801       15,891          166                  5       39,342             39,172
Warren..............................        73.73        1,918        6,231        3,556          471                 81       12,332             11,779
                                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in State..................        5,733       61,948      380,323      308,691       11,357             48,191      816,243            756,695
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
1. Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).
2. Biogenic annual emissions are from the USEPA 2017 NEI.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                               PM2.5
                                         ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           Tons per year
                 County                  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                             Wildfire and
                                             Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic      prescribed       Total          Total
                                            sources      sources      sources      sources                     burning                    anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic................................        15.98          498           50           94           NA               70          729              659
Bergen..................................        98.51        1,082          224          311           NA                4        1,720            1,716
Burlington..............................        35.17          887          123          108           NA              578        1,732            1,154
Camden..................................        42.80          557          111          102           NA               38          850              812
Cape May................................        18.55          270           22           85           NA               66          461              395
Cumberland..............................       215.80          345           27           42           NA              269          899              631
Essex...................................        91.81          692          158          208           NA              119        1,269            1,150
Gloucester..............................       453.73          514           72          100           NA               74        1,214            1,139
Hudson..................................        45.04          462          105          176           NA                0          788              788
Hunterdon...............................        10.49          507           69           55           NA               35          677              642
Mercer..................................        48.02          519          100           84           NA               13          764              751
Middlesex...............................       375.27          868          232          188           NA                1        1,664            1,663
Monmouth................................        33.24        1,077          113          205           NA               73        1,501            1,429
Morris..................................         7.18        1,007          140          174           NA               66        1,395            1,328
Ocean...................................        35.77        1,016           88          169           NA              634        1,943            1,309
Passaic.................................         1.03          498           77          108           NA                6          690              683
Salem...................................       134.77          283           21           23           NA                2          463              462
Somerset................................         7.16          604          119          122           NA               17          869              853
Sussex..................................         4.31          553           25           33           NA               22          638              617
Union...................................       378.89          532          128          130           NA                0        1,168            1,168
Warren..................................        30.95          363           49           26           NA                4          472              469
                                         ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in State......................        2,084       13,136        2,055        2,543           NA            2,090       21,908           19,818
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
\1\ Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).
\2\ Area Source fugitive dust emissions are post-adjustment.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                SO2
                                         ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           Tons per year
                 County                  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                             Wildfire and
                                             Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic      prescribed       Total          Total
                                            sources      sources      sources      sources                     burning                    anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic................................       186.89           19           24           30           NA                7          267              260
Bergen..................................        42.59           44           73           11           NA                0          171              171
Burlington..............................        45.19           32           46           48           NA               53          225              171
Camden..................................        80.49           21           40           13           NA                4          158              155
Cape May................................        36.21            6           10            5           NA                7           64               57
Cumberland..............................       195.12           15           11           13           NA               23          257              234
Essex...................................        71.66           45           48          334           NA                9          507              498
Gloucester..............................       528.98           17           28           18           NA                8          600              592
Hudson..................................        35.26           19           27           62           NA                0          143              143
Hunterdon...............................         0.80           16           19            2           NA                4           41               37
Mercer..................................        10.96           17           34            6           NA                1           70               68
Middlesex...............................       111.70           28           78           14           NA                0          231              231
Monmouth................................        14.64           55           58           20           NA                7          154              147
Morris..................................         1.14           58           49            5           NA                6          119              113
Ocean...................................        48.45           26           43           18           NA               52          187              135
Passaic.................................         0.08           40           27            3           NA                1           71               70

[[Page 32174]]

 
Salem...................................       675.08            9            7            7           NA                0          699              699
Somerset................................         1.97           18           33            3           NA                2           59               57
Sussex..................................         5.62           42           11            1           NA                2           62               60
Union...................................       101.95           16           40           16           NA                0          174              174
Warren..................................        26.28           13           14            1           NA                0           54               54
                                         ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in State......................        2,221          555          721          630           NA              186        4,313            4,127
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes: Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                              Ammonia
                                         ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                           Tons per year
                 County                  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                             Wildfire and
                                             Point         Area        Onroad      Nonroad      Biogenic      prescribed       Total          Total
                                            sources      sources      sources      sources                     burning                    anthropogenic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Atlantic................................        17.60          124           84            2           NA               13          240              227
Bergen..................................       286.02           78          220            6           NA                1          591              591
Burlington..............................        35.24          280          142            2           NA              108          568              460
Camden..................................        18.07           47          118            2           NA                7          193              186
Cape May................................         0.69           44           33            2           NA               12           92               80
Cumberland..............................        30.40          149           35            1           NA               51          267              216
Essex...................................        67.96          167          144            4           NA               23          406              383
Gloucester..............................       130.82          171           90            2           NA               14          407              393
Hudson..................................        31.29           46           73            4           NA                0          154              154
Hunterdon...............................         1.32          266           54            1           NA                6          329              322
Mercer..................................         7.98          118          105            2           NA                2          235              233
Middlesex...............................       241.03          106          229            4           NA                0          580              579
Monmouth................................        51.16          313          178            4           NA               14          561              547
Morris..................................         3.30          134          140            3           NA               13          293              280
Ocean...................................        76.85          162          142            4           NA              122          508              385
Passaic.................................         0.35           49           81            2           NA                1          134              132
Salem...................................         4.20          336           24            1           NA                0          365              364
Somerset................................         0.76           89           91            2           NA                3          185              182
Sussex..................................         0.04          249           33            1           NA                4          287              283
Union...................................       107.41           29          116            3           NA                0          255              255
Warren..................................         7.55          293           40            0           NA                1          342              341
                                         ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total in State......................        1,120        3,249        2,173           53           NA              396        6,990            6,594
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes: Onroad and nonroad annual values from are from the USEPA 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI).

B. New Jersey Nonattainment 2011 Revision Emission Inventory

    On June 11, 2015, New Jersey submitted the 2011 ozone emissions 
inventory for the Northern New Jersey and Southern New Jersey ozone 
nonattainment areas and the 2011 emissions inventory for the 
PM2.5/Regional Haze areas and requested that EPA approve the 
emissions inventory SIP revision. EPA approved New Jersey's 2011 
emission inventory. (See 82 FR 44099, September 6, 2017). Due to the 
reclassification of the Northern New Jersey and Southern New Jersey 
ozone nonattainment areas to serious nonattainment for the 2008 ozone 
NAAQS, New Jersey made revisions to the 2011 emission inventory. New 
Jersey affirmed in its November 23, 2021, submission that it is meeting 
the 2008 ozone NAAQS emission inventory requirements pursuant to CAA 
sections 182(a)(3)(A) and 182(c). The emission inventory requirement is 
addressed through the submission of the 2011 baseline emission 
inventory. Minor updates were made to the 2011 base year emissions 
inventory which included essential data elements, source categories, 
sample calculations, or report documentation according to the EPA 
guidance to allow the EPA to adequately determine if the inventory is 
accurate and complete. Consequently, New Jersey's 2011 base year 
emissions inventory was consistent with the ozone base year emission 
inventory reporting requirements based on EPA guidance.

IV. Proposed Action

    The New Jersey 2017 emission inventory SIP revision will ensure 
that the requirements for emission inventory measures and reporting are 
adequately met. To comply with the emission inventory requirements, on 
November 23, 2021, New Jersey submitted the complete inventory 
containing point, area, on-road, non-road mobile, biogenic, and 
wildfires and prescribed fires source data, and accompanying 
documentation.
    The EPA is proposing to approve New Jersey's 2017 and revised 2011 
emission inventories SIP revision submittal as meeting the essential 
reporting requirements for emission inventories.
    The EPA has also determined that the SIP revision meets the 
requirements for emission inventories in accordance with EPA guidance. 
Therefore, EPA is proposing to approve the revision to the New Jersey 
SIP that pertains to the 2017 calendar year summer season daily and 
annual ozone precursor emission inventories for VOC, NOx and 
CO for the New Jersey portion of the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long 
Island NY-NJ-CT, and the Southern New Jersey-Philadelphia-Delaware-
Maryland nonattainment areas.
    In addition, the EPA is proposing to approve the 2017 calendar year 
PM2.5/Regional Haze emissions inventory that was developed 
statewide for New Jersey. The pollutants included in the inventory are 
annual emissions for VOC, NOx, PM2.5, 
PM10, NH3 and SO2.

[[Page 32175]]

    Additionally, the EPA is proposing to approve New Jersey's 
certification that it has met the requirements for nonattainment 
emission inventory and fully meets the requirements of the Act for the 
2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS.
    Interested parties may participate in the Federal rulemaking 
procedure by submitting written comments to the EPA Region 2 Office by 
the method discussed in the ADDRESSES section of this action.

V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the Act, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP 
submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable 
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in 
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state choices, 
provided that they meet the criteria of the Act. Accordingly, this 
action merely approves state law as meeting Federal requirements and 
does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by state 
law. For that reason, this action:
     Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to 
review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 
12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 
2011);
     Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
     Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
     Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
     Does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
     Is not an economically significant regulatory action based 
on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 
19885, April 23, 1997);
     Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001);
     Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because this action does not involve technical standards;
    In addition, the SIP is not proposing to apply on any Indian 
reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian tribe 
has demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of 
Indian country, the rulemaking does not have tribal implications and it 
will not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or 
preempt tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, 
November 9, 2000).
    Executive Order 12898 (Federal Actions to Address Environmental 
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations, 59 FR 7629, 
February 16, 1994) directs Federal agencies to identify and address 
``disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental 
effects'' of their actions on minority populations and low-income 
populations to the greatest extent practicable and permitted by law. 
EPA defines environmental justice (EJ) as ``the fair treatment and 
meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, 
national origin, or income with respect to the development, 
implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and 
policies.'' EPA further defines the term fair treatment to mean that 
``no group of people should bear a disproportionate burden of 
environmental harms and risks, including those resulting from the 
negative environmental consequences of industrial, governmental, and 
commercial operations or programs and policies.''
    The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection did not 
evaluate environmental justice considerations as part of its SIP 
submittal; the CAA and applicable implementing regulations neither 
prohibit nor require such an evaluation. EPA did not perform an EJ 
analysis and did not consider EJ in this action. Due to the nature of 
the action being taken here, this action is expected to have a neutral 
to positive impact on the air quality of the affected area. 
Consideration of EJ is not required as part of this action, and there 
is no information in the record inconsistent with the stated goal of 
E.O. 12898 of achieving environmental justice for people of color, low-
income populations, and Indigenous peoples.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide, 
Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen 
dioxide, Ozone, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Sulfur oxides, Volatile organic compounds.

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Lisa Garcia,
Regional Administrator, Region 2.
[FR Doc. 2023-10337 Filed 5-18-23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P