[Federal Register Volume 88, Number 50 (Wednesday, March 15, 2023)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 16082-16110]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2023-03986]
[[Page 16081]]
Vol. 88
Wednesday,
No. 50
March 15, 2023
Part II
Department of Energy
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10 CFR Parts 429 and 430
Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Television Sets; Final
Rule
Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 50 / Wednesday, March 15, 2023 /
Rules and Regulations
[[Page 16082]]
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
10 CFR Parts 429 and 430
[EERE-2016-BT-TP-0023]
RIN 1904-AD70
Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Television Sets
AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: This final rule amends the test procedure for television sets
to incorporate by reference the relevant updated industry standard. The
Department of Energy (``DOE'') has determined that incorporating the
updated industry standard will result in a test procedure that is more
representative of the average energy use of television sets.
DATES: The effective date of this rule is April 14, 2023. The
amendments will be mandatory for product testing starting September 11,
2023.
The incorporation by reference of certain materials listed in the
rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register on April 14,
2023.
ADDRESSES: The docket, which includes Federal Register notices, public
meeting attendee lists and transcripts, comments, and other supporting
documents/materials, is available for review at www.regulations.gov.
All documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov
index. However, not all documents listed in the index may be publicly
available, such as those containing information that is exempt from
public disclosure.
A link to the docket web page can be found at www.regulations.gov/docket/EERE-2016-BT-TP-0023. The docket web page contains instructions
on how to access all documents, including public comments, in the
docket.
For further information on how to review the docket, contact the
Appliance and Equipment Standards Program staff at (202) 287-1445 or by
email: [email protected].
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Jeremy Dommu, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies Office, EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC
20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 506-9870. Email:
[email protected].
Ms. Celia Sher, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the General
Counsel, GC-33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20585-0121.
Telephone: (202) 287-6122. Email: [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: DOE incorporates by reference the following
industry standard into 10 CFR part 430:
ANSI/CTA-2037-D, ``Determination of Television Set Power
Consumption,'' September 2022.
Copies of ANSI/CTA-2037-D can be obtained from: Consumer Technology
Association, 1919 S Eads Street, Arlington, VA 22202. Telephone: (703)
907-7600, or by going to www.cta.tech.
For a further discussion of this standard, see section IV.N of this
document.
Table of Contents
I. Authority and Background
A. Authority
B. Background
II. Synopsis of the Final Rule
III. Discussion
A. General Comments
B. Scope of Applicability
C. Updates to Industry Standards
D. Definitions
E. Test Equipment
1. Power Supply
2. Power Meter
3. Luminance Meter
4. Illuminance Meter
5. Video Input Device
6. Light Source for ABC Testing
F. Test Room Setup
1. Room Ambient Conditions
2. Room Illuminance Level
3. UUT Installation and Placement
G. Test Configuration
1. Configuration of Special Functions
2. Media Player Setup and Connection
3. Test Clips
4. Preset Picture Settings for On Mode Tests
5. Sound Level
6. Network Configuration
H. Test Conduct
1. On Mode Test
2. Luminance Test
3. Standby Mode Test
4. Off Mode Test
I. Calculation of Annual Energy Consumption
J. Updates to the Regulatory Text at Appendix H
K. Test Procedure Costs
L. Effective and Compliance Dates
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
A. Review Under Executive Orders 12866 and 13563
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government
Appropriations Act, 1999
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations
Act, 2001
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration
Act of 1974
M. Congressional Notification
N. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
I. Authority and Background
Television sets (``TVs'') are included in the list of ``covered
products'' for which DOE is authorized to establish and amend test
procedures. (42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(12)) DOE's current test procedure for
TVs is codified at title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations
(``CFR'') part 430, subpart B, appendix H, ``Uniform Test Method for
Measuring the Power Consumption of Television Sets'' (``appendix H'').
DOE has not established energy conservation standards for TVs. The
following sections discuss DOE's authority to establish the test
procedure for TVs and relevant background information regarding DOE's
consideration of the test procedure for this product.
A. Authority
The Energy Policy and Conservation Act, Public Law 94-163, as
amended (``EPCA''),\1\ authorizes DOE to regulate the energy efficiency
of a number of consumer products and certain industrial equipment. (42
U.S.C. 6291-6317) Title III, Part B \2\ of EPCA established the Energy
Conservation Program for Consumer Products Other Than Automobiles,
which sets forth a variety of provisions designed to improve energy
efficiency. These products include TVs, the subject of this document.
(42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(12))
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\1\ All references to EPCA in this document refer to the statute
as amended through the Energy Act of 2020, Public Law 116-260 (Dec.
27, 2020), which reflect the last statutory amendments that impact
Parts A and A-1 of EPCA.
\2\ For editorial reasons, upon codification in the U.S. Code,
Part B was redesignated Part A.
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The energy conservation program under EPCA consists essentially of
four parts: (1) testing, (2) labeling, (3) Federal energy conservation
standards, and (4) certification and enforcement procedures. Relevant
provisions of EPCA specifically include definitions (42 U.S.C. 6291),
test procedures (42 U.S.C. 6293), labeling provisions (42 U.S.C. 6294),
energy conservation standards (42 U.S.C. 6295), and the authority to
require information and reports from manufacturers (42 U.S.C. 6296).
The testing requirements consist of test procedures that
manufacturers of covered products must use as the basis
[[Page 16083]]
for (1) certifying to DOE that their products comply with the
applicable energy conservation standards adopted pursuant to EPCA (42
U.S.C. 6295(s)), and (2) making representations about the efficiency of
those consumer products (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)). Similarly, DOE must use
these test procedures to determine whether the products comply with
relevant standards promulgated under EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6295(s))
Federal energy efficiency requirements for covered products
established under EPCA generally supersede State laws and regulations
concerning energy conservation testing, labeling, and standards. (42
U.S.C. 6297) DOE may, however, grant waivers of Federal preemption for
particular State laws or regulations, in accordance with the procedures
and other provisions of EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6297(d))
Under 42 U.S.C. 6293, EPCA sets forth the criteria and procedures
DOE must follow when prescribing or amending test procedures for
covered products. EPCA requires that any test procedures prescribed or
amended under this section be reasonably designed to produce test
results which measure energy efficiency, energy use, or estimated
annual operating cost of a covered product during a representative
average use cycle or period of use and not be unduly burdensome to
conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) EPCA also requires that, at least once
every 7 years, DOE evaluate test procedures for each type of covered
product, including TVs, to determine whether amended test procedures
would more accurately or fully comply with the requirements for the
test procedures to not be unduly burdensome to conduct and be
reasonably designed to produce test results that reflect energy
efficiency, energy use, and estimated operating costs during a
representative average use cycle or period of use. (42 U.S.C.
6293(b)(1)(A))
If the Secretary determines, on her own behalf or in response to a
petition by any interested person, that a test procedure should be
prescribed or amended, the Secretary shall promptly publish in the
Federal Register proposed test procedures and afford interested persons
an opportunity to present oral and written data, views, and arguments
with respect to such procedures. The comment period on a proposed rule
to amend a test procedure shall be at least 60 days and may not exceed
270 days. In prescribing or amending a test procedure, the Secretary
shall take into account such information as the Secretary determines
relevant to such procedure, including technological developments
relating to energy use or energy efficiency of the type (or class) of
covered products involved. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(2)) If DOE determines
that test procedure revisions are not appropriate, DOE must publish its
determination not to amend the test procedures.
In addition, EPCA requires that DOE amend its test procedures for
all covered products to integrate measures of standby mode and off mode
energy consumption into the overall energy efficiency, energy
consumption, or other energy descriptor, unless the current test
procedure already incorporates the standby mode and off mode energy
consumption, or if such integration is technically infeasible. (42
U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A)) If an integrated test procedure is technically
infeasible, DOE must prescribe separate standby mode and off mode
energy use test procedures for the covered product, if a separate test
is technically feasible. (Id.) Any such amendment must consider the
most current versions of the International Electrotechnical Commission
(``IEC'') Standard 62301 \3\ and IEC Standard 62087 \4\ as applicable.
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A))
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\3\ IEC 62301, Household electrical appliances--Measurement of
standby power (Edition 2.0, 2011-01).
\4\ IEC 62087, Audio, video and related equipment--Methods of
measurement for power consumption (Edition 1.0, Parts 1-6: 2015,
Part 7: 2018).
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DOE is publishing this final rule in satisfaction of the 7-year
review requirement specified in EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(1)(A))
B. Background
DOE most recently amended its TV test procedure in a final rule
published on October 25, 2013 (``October 2013 final rule''). 78 FR
63823. The current DOE test procedure includes methods for measuring TV
power consumption in active mode (i.e., on mode), standby mode, and off
mode; TV screen luminance; and the annual energy consumption (``AEC'')
of TVs. As part of the on mode testing, DOE adopted the use of IEC
Standard 62087, Edition 3.0, 2011-04, ``Methods of measurement for the
power consumption of audio, video, and related equipment'' (``IEC
62087:2011''). IEC 62087:2011 includes a video test clip on a DVD and
Blu-ray DiscTM to be used when conducting on mode testing
(``IEC test clip''), as well as a static, black-and-white 3-bar image
for measuring screen luminance.
DOE notes that it does not currently prescribe energy conservation
standards for TVs. However, DOE's test procedure for TVs provides the
basis for qualification criteria established by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's (``EPA'') ENERGY STAR program. Additionally, DOE
does not specify any certification requirements for TVs at 10 CFR
429.25. However, the Federal Trade Commission (``FTC'') requires
manufacturers of TVs to submit annually a report containing the brand
name; model number; screen size (diagonal in inches); power (in watts)
consumed in on mode, standby-passive mode, standby-active mode, low
mode, and off mode; and annual energy consumption (kWh/year) for each
basic model in current production among other model identifiers. 16 CFR
305.11(3). FTC allows this information to be submitted to DOE via the
Compliance and Certification Management System in lieu of submitting
the required information to FTC. Id. Therefore, although DOE has not
established energy conservation standards or certification requirements
for TVs at this time, DOE's test procedure is currently used by other
agencies for voluntary representations of TV energy consumption and
reporting requirements for the EnergyGuide label.
On June 24, 2016, DOE published in the Federal Register a request
for information (``June 2016 RFI'') to consider whether revisions were
needed to the existing TV test procedure. 81 FR 41262. Specifically,
DOE noted in the June 2016 RFI that it found certain TVs consistently
demonstrated decreased power use when displaying the IEC test clip as
compared to other test clips and requested comments, information, and
data on: the use of the IEC test clip or other test clips; whether the
current luminance test, which uses a static 3-bar image to measure
screen luminance, was representative of an average cycle or period of
use, or alternative luminance tests that should be considered; and the
default settings of a TV and changes to the default settings and
special functions by consumers. Id. at 81 FR 41277.
Following the publication of the June 2016 RFI, on January 19,
2017, DOE posted a pre-publication advance notice of proposed
rulemaking (``January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR''),\5\ which described
potential amendments to the TV test procedure that would address the
issues discussed in the June 2016 RFI as well as a number of other
issues, including the configuration of special functions during
testing, performing system updates prior to testing, and incorporating
updated industry test
[[Page 16084]]
procedures.\6\ (January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR at pp. 6-10) The
January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR was intended to assist DOE in
determining whether amendments were needed to ensure that the TV test
procedure produces results that are representative of an average use
cycle or period of use. (Id. at p. 5) The January 2017 pre-publication
ANOPR was also intended to facilitate discussion, solicit feedback, and
provide input to industry consensus standards-setting bodies regarding
modifications that DOE was considering so that these other
organizations can be apprised of DOE's considerations as they undertook
their own revisions. (Id. at p. 6)
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\5\ The January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR is available at
www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2017/01/f34/tv_tp_anopr_2017-1-19_4.pdf.
\6\ The January 2017 pre-publication ANOPR was not subsequently
published in the Federal Register due to the Regulatory Freeze
Pending Review published on January 24, 2017. 82 FR 8346.
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Subsequently, in October 2021, the Consumer Technology Association
(``CTA'') published an update to its TV power measurement standard,
``Determination of Television Set Power Consumption,'' American
National Standards Institute (``ANSI'')/CTA-2037-C (``ANSI/CTA-2037-
C''). Thereafter, DOE published a notice of proposed rulemaking
(``NOPR'') for the TV test procedure on March 2, 2022 (``March 2022
NOPR''), addressing comments in response to the June 2016 RFI and
presenting DOE's proposals to amend its test procedure for TVs. 87 FR
11892. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE tentatively determined that ANSI/
CTA-2037-C addressed many of the concerns DOE raised in the June 2016
RFI relating to configuration of special functions and screen
luminance. Id. at 87 FR 11895. DOE initially determined that ANSI/CTA-
2037-C was consistent with the existing metrics and approach
incorporated in the currently applicable TV test procedure at appendix
H, while also incorporating provisions that addressed current industry
trends and improved the accuracy and repeatability of the test
procedure. Id. DOE additionally noted that ANSI/CTA-2037-C adopted
several changes that were suggested in public comments submitted by
interested parties in response to DOE's June 2016 RFI. Id. These
changes related to network configuration, standby mode test, test
clips, etc. DOE participated in the CTA standards development process,
including providing input and participating in round robin testing to
evaluate the CTA standard while under development. A test report
detailing the results of the round robin testing is available at the
ENERGY STAR website \7\ (``round robin test report'').\8\
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\7\ ENERGY STAR V. 9.0, which went into effect in October 2022,
was under development at the time of publication of the round robin
test report. DOE supported EPA to revise the ENERGY STAR test method
for TVs and conducted round robin testing to support this effort.
\8\ Televisions Test Report, April 12, 2021. Available at
www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/ENERGY%20STAR%20TVs%20Test%20Report%20-%20April%202021.pdf.
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In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE additionally noted that the CTA-2037
working group (``CTA working group'') was reviewing ANSI/CTA-2037-C at
that time to determine if any revisions were necessary. Id. at 87 FR
11897. DOE stated that should a revised version, ANSI/CTA-2037-D,
publish prior to the publication of a final DOE TV test procedure rule,
DOE would consider stakeholder feedback and incorporate by reference
ANSI/CTA-2037-D in the final rule, provided that the updates in ANSI/
CTA-2037-D are consistent with the provisions DOE proposed in the March
2022 NOPR or the updates are related to topics that DOE discussed and
solicited comments on in the March 2022 NOPR. Id. Since publication of
the March 2022 NOPR, CTA published an additional update to its TV power
measurement standard, ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which is substantively the same
as ANSI/CTA-2037-C but has some subtle differences, which are discussed
throughout section III of this document. DOE has determined that ANSI/
CTA-2037-D is an appropriate standard to reference to measure TV screen
luminance and power consumption and incorporates ANSI/CTA-2037-D by
reference in this final rule.
DOE held a public meeting related to the March 2022 NOPR on April
6, 2022 (hereafter, the ``NOPR public meeting'').
DOE received comments in response to the March 2022 NOPR from the
interested parties listed in Table I.1.
Table I.1--List of Commenters With Written Submissions in Response to the March 2022 NOPR
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Reference in this final Comment number
Commenter(s) rule in the docket Commenter type
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Appliance Standards Awareness Project, ASAP et al................ 18 Efficiency Advocacy
American Council for an Energy- Organizations.
Efficient Economy (``ACEEE''), and the
New York State Energy Research and
Development Authority.
ComEd and Northwest Energy Efficiency ComEd and NEEA............ 20. Utility and Efficiency
Alliance. Advocacy Organization.
Pacific Gas and Electric Company, San CA IOUs................... 19 Utilities.
Diego Gas & Electric, and Southern
California Edison; collectively, the
California Investor-Owned Utilities.
CTA, American Council for an Energy- CTA et al................. 21 Trade Organization and
Efficient Economy, and the Natural Efficiency Advocacy
Resources Defense Council, Inc. Organizations.
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A parenthetical reference at the end of a comment quotation or
paraphrase provides the location of the item in the public record.\9\
To the extent that interested parties have provided written comments
that are substantively consistent with any oral comments provided
during the NOPR public meeting, DOE cites the written comments
throughout this final rule. Any oral comments provided during the
webinar that are not substantively addressed by written comments are
summarized and cited separately throughout this final rule.
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\9\ The parenthetical reference provides a reference for
information located in the docket of DOE's rulemaking for TVs.
(Docket No. EERE-2016-BT-TP-0023, which is maintained at
www.regulations.gov.) The references are arranged as follows:
(commenter name, comment docket ID number, page of that document).
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II. Synopsis of the Final Rule
In this final rule, DOE incorporates by reference into 10 CFR 430.3
the updated industry standard, ANSI/CTA-2037-D, and adopts through
reference in appendix H certain provisions of the industry standard
that:
[[Page 16085]]
Establish definitions and symbols associated with the
updates to the industry standard including those applicable to the new
test equipment, TV settings, and video content (e.g., high dynamic
range (``HDR''), dynamic luminance, motion detection dimming
(``MDD''));
Update the specifications required for the power supply,
power meter, and illuminance meter, including additional requirements
to reduce the voltage and frequency fluctuations in the power supply
specifically for on mode testing and requiring the calibration of the
illuminance meter to a light-emitting diode (``LED'') illuminant;
Specify the use of a camera photometer for the measurement
of dynamic luminance during all on mode testing instead of the usage of
a luminance meter only capable of instantaneous luminance measurements;
Update the method for test video storage to a universal
serial bus (``USB'') device rather than a Blu-ray Disc played through a
media player that does not conduct any video processing;
Specify the automatic brightness control (``ABC'') light
source to be an LED lamp rather than an incandescent lamp.
Additionally, specify that the ABC light source be positioned at an
angle of 45 degrees (``[deg]'') from the ABC sensor. The illuminance
meter is also required to be angled at 45[deg] pointed directly at the
ABC light source;
Specify detailed unit under test (``UUT'') installation
and placement requirements, including the setup of test equipment
relative to the UUT and options for placing the TV on the wall or
floor, rather than a TV stand or table;
Specify the TV to be updated to the latest firmware
version and include configuration requirements for special functions
such as MDD and quick start;
Introduce on mode testing for TVs with HDR-enabled, and 4K
resolution testing;
Require all on mode and standby mode testing to be
conducted with the TV connected to a wide area network (``WAN'') and
additionally connected to three types of devices, over local area
network (``LAN''), capable for waking the TV: a ``smart'' speaker,
mobile device, and network traffic monitor;
Include new test clips for the high dynamic range-10
(``HDR10'') format;
Require on mode testing in three different preset picture
settings: standard dynamic range (``SDR'') default, SDR brightest, and
HDR10 default, rather than a single test in the default preset picture
setting;
Update the ambient light requirements for ABC-enabled
testing to 140 lux, 50 lux, 17 lux, and 4 lux, each with a
5-percent tolerance;
Specify a single standby mode test during which the TV is
connected to a WAN and additionally connected to the three types of
network devices connected via LAN. The standby test period depends on
the stability of the average power consumption of the TV during the
last third of the measurement period; and
Specify the calculation of the AEC metric as a weighted
average of the power consumption in on mode and standby mode, wherein
on mode power consumption is the average of the on mode power in the
SDR default, SDR brightest, and HDR10 default preset picture settings.
The adopted amendments are summarized in Table II.1 compared to the
test procedure provision prior to the amendment, as well as the reason
for the adopted change.
Table II.1--Summary of Changes in the Amended Test Procedure
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DOE's test procedure prior to
amendment Amended test procedure Attribution
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Defines terms applicable to the test References certain definitions from Update to industry standard.
procedure. ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Requires power supply and power Updates reference to ANSI/CTA-2037- Update to industry standard.
meter to meet specifications D.
incorporated from IEC 62087:2011.
Requires a luminance meter for References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
luminance testing of TVs. specifies the use of a camera
photometer.
Requires illuminance meter to be References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
accurate for ambient light requires the illuminance meter to representativeness of results.
measurements. be calibrated to an LED illuminant.
Requires the playback of specified References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
media from a Blue-ray player via a utilizes a media player and USB representativeness of results.
Blu-ray Disc. storage device to play the
specified media.
Requires the ABC light source to be References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
an incandescent bulb for ABC uses an LED light source for ABC representativeness of results.
testing. testing.
Requires the light source to be References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
directed at the center of the ABC directs the ABC light source at the representativeness of results.
sensor from 1.5 meters (``m'') away ABC sensor at an angle of 45[deg].
aligned directly with the center of
the sensor.
Requires the TV to be placed at References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
least 0.5 m away from any wall specifies that the TV must be
surface and set up according to placed on a table, floor, or wall
manufacturer's instructions. with a black cloth and reflective
card be placed underneath the ABC
sensor.
Requires the ambient light to be References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
measured by the illuminance meter requires the illuminance meter to representativeness of results.
at the ABC sensor pointing in the be positioned at the ABC sensor on
direction of the light source. a stand that allows it to point
directly at the 45[deg] light
source.
Requires TVs to be tested in the References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
default state for all special disables MDD, and conditionally
functions, unless a forced menu is enables ``quick start.'' When a
displayed requiring the forced menu is displayed, the most
configuration of special functions, energy consumptive option is
in which case the most power selected, with some exceptions.
consumption option is selected.
Does not conduct any testing for HDR References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
preset picture settings. conducts testing in SDR default, representativeness of results.
SDR brightest, and HDR10 default
preset picture settings.
Does not require TVs to update their References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
system firmware prior to testing. requires the UUT use the latest
firmware update and conduct a
factory reset.
[[Page 16086]]
Requires the TV to be connected to a References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
LAN with no other devices other requires the UUT be connected to a representativeness of results.
than the TV. WAN and additionally be connected
to a smart speaker, mobile device,
and a network traffic monitor over
LAN. These network conditions are
required for all on mode and
standby mode testing.
Requires the stabilization of the TV References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Updates to industry standard.
by directing the light source with requires the TV to be stabilized by
at least 300 lx into the ABC playing 5 minutes of the IEC test
sensor. clip and comparing the average
power between two successive runs.
Specifies the use of the IEC test References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Updates to industry standard.
clip (in the highest resolution (SD retains the IEC test clip (in SD
or HD) supported by the TV) played and HD resolution) but specifies
via a Blu-ray Disc as specified in that it must be played via a USB
IEC 62087:2011. flash drive. Additionally,
specifies a new 5-minute HDR10 test
clip (in HD and UHD resolution).
Requires the on mode test to be References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
conducted at ambient light levels conducts ABC testing for preset
of 100, 35, 12, and 3 lux if the TV picture settings with ABC enabled
has ABC enabled by default. by default at ambient light levels
of 140, 50, 17, and 4 lux.
Measures power consumption and References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
luminance separately. measures power consumption as well
as dynamic luminance of the TV
during the same test.
Requires a luminance test to References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard.
determine the brightest preset determines the SDR brightest preset
picture setting using the luminance picture setting by playing the 5-
meter and the IEC three-bar image. minute IEC test clip in each preset
picture setting (with ABC disabled)
and determining the brightest based
on the dynamic luminance during the
5-minute test period.
Specifies standby-passive mode, References ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which Update to industry standard. Improve
standby-active mode, low mode, and conducts a single standby mode test representativeness of results.
off mode tests. during which the UUT is connected
to WAN and additionally connected
to three network devices on LAN and
the average power consumption is
measured for a variable duration,
depending on the stability of the
power consumption, over a period of
40 to 240 minutes. Additionally,
eliminates the off mode test.
Requires the AEC to be calculated References ANSI/CTA-2037-D for AEC Update to industry standard. Improve
using on mode power, standby-active calculation which requires the AEC representativeness of results.
low power, standby-passive power, to be calculated using the on mode
and off mode power. power as the average power of SDR
default, SDR brightest, and HDR10
default preset picture settings, as
well as the standby mode power
consumption.
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DOE has determined that the amendments described in section III and
adopted in this document will alter the measured efficiency of TVs and
require retesting and recertification of TV basic models. The amended
test procedure is substantively the same procedure established by
industry, with certain modifications. Discussion of DOE's actions are
addressed in detail in section III of this document.
The effective date for the amended test procedure adopted in this
final rule is 30 days after publication of this document in the Federal
Register. Representations of energy use or energy efficiency must be
based on testing in accordance with the amended test procedure
beginning 180 days after the publication of this final rule.
III. Discussion
A. General Comments
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on several topics
including its proposal to adopt substantive provisions of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C as well as the updates being considered in ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
While topic-specific comments are addressed in the relevant sections,
the following paragraphs summarize the general comments received in
response to the March 2022 NOPR.
ASAP et al. supported DOE's approach for revising the TV test
procedure, stating that TV technology has rapidly evolved since the
October 2013 final rule. ASAP et al. stated that the revisions
presented in the March 2022 NOPR largely address the concerns
associated with advances in TV technology. (ASAP et al., No. 18 at pp.
1-2)
CTA et al. supported the proposed test procedure, including the
proposal to incorporate by reference ANSI/CTA-2037-D. (CTA et al., No.
21 at p. 3; Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at pp. 5-7) In the NOPR
public meeting, ACEEE supported DOE's proposed test method and
recommended that DOE adopt ANSI/CTA-2037-D once it is published.
(Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at pp. 7-8)
As discussed in later sections of this document, DOE is referencing
ANSI/CTA-2037-D in the amended appendix H to measure TV power
consumption and screen luminance. Throughout appendix H, DOE has
streamlined any references to ANSI/CTA-2037-D to the extent possible.
B. Scope of Applicability
This rulemaking applies to TVs, which are products designed to
produce dynamic video, contain an internal TV tuner encased within the
product housing, and that are capable of receiving dynamic visual
content from wired or wireless sources including but not limited to
broadcast signals, display-specific data connections, media storage
devices, and/or network connections. 10 CFR 430.2. Section 1, Scope, of
appendix H specifies that DOE's test procedure is applicable to TVs
that (1) have a diagonal screen size of at least fifteen inches; and
(2) are powered by mains power (including TVs with auxiliary batteries
but not TVs with main batteries). In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE did not
propose to amend the scope of the current TV test procedure. 87 FR
11892, 11896.
[[Page 16087]]
DOE did not receive any comments regarding the scope of the TV test
procedure. DOE is maintaining the scope of the current TV test
procedure in the amended appendix H.
C. Updates to Industry Standards
Appendix H references IEC 62087:2011 and IEC 62301, Edition 2.0,
2011-04, ``Household electrical appliances--Measurement of standby
power'' (``IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0'') for certain requirements, while the
remaining requirements are specified in appendix H itself.
The IEC and CTA are two industry standards development bodies that
have published standards for testing the power consumption of TVs
(e.g., IEC 62087 and CTA 2037, respectively). Since publication of the
October 2013 final rule, both IEC 62087 and CTA 2037 have been updated
more than once to keep pace with evolving TV technologies. At the time
of the March 2022 NOPR, the most recent update was the publication of
ANSI/CTA-2037-C in October 2021, and ANSI/CTA-2307-D was in
development. Since publication of the March 2022 NOPR, the final
version of ANSI/CTA-2037-D was published in September 2022.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to incorporate by reference
ANSI/CTA-2037-C into 10 CFR 430.3 to reference the relevant sections of
this industry standard in the DOE test procedure at appendix H. 87 FR
11892, 11897. Since publication of the October 2013 final rule, TV
technology has evolved significantly. ANSI/CTA-2037-C addressed many of
the technologies (e.g., ultra-high definition (``UHD'') or ``4K''
resolution, HDR, etc.) not previously considered in the development of
the current DOE test procedure and also specified configuration and
setup requirements to improve the representativeness with respect to
the current DOE test procedure at appendix H.
While standard definition (``SD'') and high definition (``HD'')
were the predominant TV display resolutions at the time of the October
2013 final rule, UHD resolution TVs have gained prominence and 8K
resolution TVs are emerging. Additionally, HDR content is more
prevalent, and a majority of TVs are ``smart'' TVs (i.e., they can be
connected to a network connection).
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to adopt by reference the
substantive provisions of ANSI/CTA-2037-C, with some modifications to
specify additional detail and test conditions in order to improve the
representativeness of the test results. Id. at 87 FR 11897. In the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE initially determined that the measurement of
screen luminance and power consumption as specified in ANSI/CTA 2037-C
would provide a measured result that is more representative of the
average period of TV use compared to the current DOE test procedure.
Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also stated that it was aware that the
CTA working group was reviewing ANSI/CTA-2037-C to determine if any
revisions were necessary. DOE understood that should the working group
make any changes to ANSI/CTA-2037-C, CTA would publish a revised
standard, potentially numbered as ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Id. DOE participated
in the working group meetings to review and revise ANSI/CTA-2037-C.
While the March 2022 NOPR proposed to reference the requirements from
ANSI/CTA-2037-C, it also discussed the revisions being considered under
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on these
revisions as well as any additional revisions under consideration in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D that were not discussed in the March 2022 NOPR. Id. In
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that, should ANSI/CTA-2037-D publish
prior to the publication of any DOE TV test procedure final rule, DOE
would consider stakeholder feedback and consider incorporating by
reference ANSI/CTA-2037-D, provided the updates in ANSI/CTA-2037-D are
consistent with the provisions DOE proposed in the March 2022 NOPR or
the updates are related to topics that DOE discussed and solicited
comments on in the March 2022 NOPR. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
adopt the substantive provisions of ANSI/CTA-2037-C in appendix H with
certain modifications. Id. In response, DOE received the following
comments.
CTA et al. recommended that DOE incorporate by reference ANSI/CTA-
2037-D for the final rule, rather than ANSI/CTA-2037-C, stating that
ANSI/CTA-2037-D is more accurate and representative. (CTA et al., No.
21, at p. 5)
ComEd and NEEA supported the adoption of the finalized version of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. ComEd and NEEA also stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-D is an
improvement over the current Federal test method. (ComEd and NEEA, No.
20 at p. 2) ComEd and NEEA stated that adopting ANSI/CTA-2037-D would
enable harmonization of test methods globally. (ComEd and NEEA, No. 20
at p. 2)
DOE has reviewed ANSI/CTA-2037-D and determined it to be materially
the same as the test procedure DOE proposed in the March 2022 NOPR
(i.e., ANSI/CTA-2037-C, including the additional modifications DOE
proposed in the March 2022 NOPR), albeit with some minor revisions that
further improve reproducibility and representativeness. Accordingly, in
this final rule, DOE is incorporating by reference ANSI/CTA-2037-D in
10 CFR 430.3 for reference in the amended appendix H. DOE has
determined that ANSI/CTA-2037-D produces measures of energy consumption
that are representative of current TV use and would not be unduly
burdensome to conduct.
The subsequent sections of this document discuss DOE's final
amendments to appendix H to incorporate by reference ANSI/CTA-2037-D as
the Federal test method.
D. Definitions
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that the definitions currently
specified in appendix H are either provided directly or through
adoption of certain definitions provided in IEC 62087:2011. Many of
these terms are also defined in ANSI/CTA-2037-C. 87 FR 11892, 11898.
Additionally, certain terms are defined in ANSI/CTA-2037-C but are not
currently defined in appendix H. Id. at 87 FR 11897. In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE identified the terms that are currently used in appendix H
and ANSI/CTA-2037-C, the similarities and differences in their
respective definitions, and whether DOE proposed to adopt each
definition through reference to ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id. at 87 FR 11897-
11899.
DOE additionally noted that while some of the defined terms in
ANSI/CTA-2037-C have minor differences compared to the current
definitions in appendix H, DOE had initially determined that these
differences were not substantive and would not change the meaning of
the defined terms or impact testing according to the proposed test
procedure compared to the current test procedure. Id. at 87 FR 11899.
Accordingly, to harmonize with the current industry standard, DOE
proposed in the March 2022 NOPR to reference section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C for the definitions of the terms used in the TV test procedure.
Id. DOE also proposed to reference section 5.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C to
include the relevant abbreviations that are used in the TV test
procedure. Id. Further, for the terms that are currently defined in
appendix H, but a definition does not exist in ANSI/CTA-2037-C (e.g.,
[[Page 16088]]
additional functions, auxiliary battery, retail configuration, special
functions, standby-active, high mode, and standby-active, low mode),
DOE proposed to remove these terms from appendix H because they are not
referenced in ANSI/CTA-2037-C nor are they used anywhere in the
proposed test procedure. Id.
DOE also noted that the CTA working group was considering revising
definitions for power modes (i.e., on mode, partial on mode, etc.) in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Id. In particular, the CTA working group was
considering updating all references to standby mode as partial on mode.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that even if the CTA working group
considered using the term ``partial on mode,'' DOE would refer to this
mode as ``standby mode.'' Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on defining terms
through reference to ANSI/CTA-2037-C and also whether DOE should
consider the revisions to the power mode definitions being considered
at the time for ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Id.
CTA et al. stated that the definitions proposed in appendix H
excluded some definitions that are included in ANSI/CTA-2037-D,
including ``television set'' and ``standby,'' which are already defined
in 10 CFR 430.2, and recommended that DOE adopt these definitions from
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 11)
As noted in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE did not reference definitions
for ``HDMI,'' ``television set,'' and ``standby mode'' from ANSI/CTA-
2037-C since these terms are already defined in 10 CFR 430.2. In this
final rule, DOE is maintaining its exclusion of referencing these
definitions in appendix H. Additionally, DOE had not proposed to
include definitions for ``stand,'' ``International System of Units,''
``filmmaker mode,'' and ``perceptual quantization video.'' However, DOE
is including these definitions by reference to ANSI/CTA-2037-D because
these definitions are required to understand and implement the test
procedure.
Regarding the revised definitions for power modes that were under
consideration at the time of publication of the March 2022 NOPR, ANSI/
CTA-2037-D does not include definitions for power mode, off mode,
standby-passive mode, and standby-active mode. Additionally, partial on
mode is now referred to as standby mode in ANSI/CTA-2037-D. However, as
mentioned previously, DOE already defines standby mode in 10 CFR 430.2
and is not referencing ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the definition of standby
mode in this final rule.
Table III.1 identifies the terms that are specified in appendix H
and ANSI/CTA-2037-D, the similarities and differences in their
respective definitions, and whether DOE is adopting each definition
through reference to ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Table III.1--Terms Currently Used in Appendix H and ANSI/CTA-2037-D and the Similarities or Differences Between
Definitions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Similarities/differences
Terms currently in between definitions in ANSI/ Adopt by reference to
Terms currently in appendix H ANSI/CTA-2037-D CTA-2037-D and existing ANSI/CTA-2037-D for
appendix H appendix H?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brightest selectable preset picture Brightest selectable Appendix H refers to the Yes.
setting. preset picture brightest picture setting
setting. within either the home or
retail configuration,
whereas ANSI/CTA-2037-D
refers to the brightest
preset picture setting
only within the home
configuration. ANSI/CTA-
2037-D additionally
specifies that this is a
user-selectable preset
picture setting.
Default picture setting............ Default picture ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies Yes.
setting. that this picture setting
is determined using only
the home configuration.
Appendix H indicates the
default picture setting
may be decided after a
forced menu, which ANSI/
CTA-2037-D does not
mention.
Forced menu........................ Forced menu........... Substantively the same Yes.
definitions.
Home configuration................. Home configuration.... Substantively the same Yes.
definitions.
Illuminance........................ Illuminance........... Substantively the same Yes.
definitions.
Luminance.......................... Luminance............. Substantively the same Yes.
definitions.
Main battery....................... Main battery.......... Substantively the same Yes.
definitions.
Off mode........................... Off mode.............. ANSI/CTA-2037-D provides a Yes.
note that describes how
some power may still be
consumed when the UUT is
in off mode. Appendix H
does not include such a
note.
On mode............................ On mode............... Similar definitions........ Yes.
Preset picture setting............. Preset picture setting ANSI/CTA-2037-D provides a Yes.
simplified definition for
preset picture setting
compared to appendix H.
Standby-passive mode............... Standby mode.......... ANSI/CTA-2037-D defines No.
only the broader term
standby mode. Standby mode
is already defined in 10
CFR 430.2; therefore, it
does not need to be
defined in appendix H.
Additional functions............... ...................... No.t listed in the No.
definitions section of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Auxiliary Battery.................. ...................... No.t listed in the No.
definitions section of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Retail configuration............... Retail configuration.. Similar definitions........ Yes.
Special functions.................. ...................... No.t listed in the No.
definitions section of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. The term
special functions is not
used anywhere in ANSI/CTA-
2037-D.
Standby-active, high mode.......... ...................... No.t listed in the No.
definition section of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D. The term
standby-active, high mode
is not used anywhere in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Standby-active, low mode........... ...................... No.t listed in the No.
definition section of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D. The term
standby-active, low mode
is not used anywhere in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
(not defined)...................... AEC................... This term defines the Yes.
energy metric that is the
output of the test
procedure.
(not defined)...................... Automatic brightness This term is used Yes.
control. throughout ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
(not defined)...................... Dynamic Luminance..... This term defines the TV Yes.
screen's luminance as
measured during the
playback of dynamic video
content.
(not defined)...................... Energy-Efficient- This term is used in the Yes.
Ethernet. Network connection
hierarchy in both ANSI/CTA-
2037-D and appendix H.
(not defined)...................... Filmmaker Mode........ This term defines a preset Yes.
picture setting that has a
specific configuration.
(not defined)...................... Gloss Unit (GU)....... This term defines a unit Yes.
used to measure the
reflectance of a surface.
[[Page 16089]]
(not defined)...................... HDR10................. This term defines a Yes.
specific video display
format that is used to
test the UUTs power
consumption.
(not defined)...................... High-definition This term defines a video No.
multimedia interface input terminal for TVs. It
(``HDMI[supreg]''). is defined at 10 CFR
430.2; therefore, it does
not need to be defined in
appendix H.
(not defined)...................... High Dynamic Range This term more broadly Yes.
(``HDR''). defines the video format
category that HDR10
belongs to.
(not defined)...................... Hybrid Log Gamma This term defines a type of Yes.
(``HLG''). HDR video and is used when
describing the test
signals used during
testing.
(not defined)...................... International System This is defined as ``The Yes.
of Units. modern form of the metric
system''.
(not defined)...................... Motion-Based Dynamic This term defines a Yes.
Dimming (``MDD''). television feature that
adjusts luminance in
response to motion being
displayed and is disabled
during TV testing.
(not defined)...................... Neutral density This term is used to define Yes.
(``ND'') filter. the filter that is used to
accomplish the 3 lux
luminance requirement for
on mode testing.
(not defined)...................... Partial on mode....... This term defines the Yes.
standby sub-modes.
(not defined)...................... Perceptual This term defines a Yes.
Quantization Video. specific video utilized by
HDR.
(not defined)...................... Quick start........... This term defines quick Yes.
start functionality, which
is a special function that
impacts the time it takes
for a TV to transition to
on mode from partial on
mode.
(not defined)...................... Snoot................. This term defines an object Yes.
used to prevent the ABC
lamp light from reflecting
off the UUT and
interfering with the
dynamic luminance data
collection. It is not a
required tool but may be
needed for testing in
specific instances.
(not defined)...................... Software.............. This term defines code that Yes.
runs on a UUT and can be
updated.
(not defined)...................... Stand................. This term defines the Yes.
device used to hold the
UUT upright.
(not defined)...................... Television set........ This term is defined at 10 No.
CFR 430.2; therefore, it
does not need to be
defined in appendix H.
(not defined)...................... Wake-By-Remote-Control- This term defines the Yes.
App. ability to wake a UUT
using a network-connected
device and is used during
standby mode testing.
(not defined)...................... Wake-By-Smart-Speaker. This term defines the Yes.
ability to wake a UUT
using a voice command via
smart speaker and is used
during standby mode
testing.
(not defined)...................... Wake-On-Cast.......... This term defines the Yes.
ability to wake a UUT by
streaming a video from a
mobile device to the UUT
and is used during standby
mode testing.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In summary, in this final rule, DOE is referencing section 5 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the definitions and abbreviations required for the
TV test procedure, except for those terms which are already defined in
10 CFR 430.2.
E. Test Equipment
1. Power Supply
Sections 3.1 and 3.2 of appendix H reference section 4.3.1 of IEC
62301 Ed. 2.0 for the voltage and frequency and power supply
requirements for testing TVs. The requirements specify that the voltage
and frequency for each region within North America must have a voltage
of 115 volts (``V'') and frequency of 60 hertz (``Hz''). IEC 62301 Ed.
2.0 additionally includes requirements for other regions around the
world.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C specifies only the North American-specific requirements;
however, these requirements are specified under the standby mode power
supply requirements rather than on mode. 87 FR 11892, 11900. As
discussed in the March 2022 NOPR, the CTA working group was considering
moving these requirements under the power supply requirements for on
mode in ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Id. DOE additionally noted that it expects
that the same power supply is used to test on mode and standby mode
power consumption and the specific location of where the requirement is
specified would not alter the power supply that is used to test a TV.
Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE additionally stated that given DOE's
test procedure is applicable to only those TVs that are a type which,
to any significant extent, are distributed in commerce in the United
States for personal use or consumption by individuals (42 U.S.C.
6291(1); 42 U.S.C. 6292(a)(12); 42 U.S.C.), the North American-specific
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C are sufficient for the DOE
test procedure. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the alternating current (``AC'')
power supply specification. Id.
Section 3.2 of appendix H additionally specifies that the total
harmonic distortion of the supply voltage must not exceed 5 percent,
inclusive to the 13th order harmonic, when the unit is under test. In
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies that the total harmonic distortion must not exceed 2 percent
up to and including the 13th harmonic and noted that this specification
is more stringent than appendix H. Based on its internal testing and
general agreement from manufacturers during the ANSI/CTA-2037-C
development working group meetings, DOE had initially determined that
most power supplies are capable of meeting this requirement. Id.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference the
power supply requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also noted that the introductory text
in Section 9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C states that power shall be provided to
the ABC lamp, camera photometer, and UUT from the specified AC power
source. Id. However, DOE stated that using the same AC power source to
power the UUT as well as the ABC lamp and camera photometer could
unintentionally impact the power consumption measurement of the UUT due
to ``noise'' from the ABC light source and fluctuations in power draw
caused by the camera photometer and ABC light source. DOE also noted
that the CTA working group was considering revising this requirement
for ANSI/CTA-2037-D to specify that only the
[[Page 16090]]
UUT be powered using the power source specified in section 7.1.1 of the
CTA-2037 standard, that the camera photometer and ABC lamp must not be
powered by the same controlled power source, and that the camera
photometer and ABC lamp may be powered by mains power. Id. Accordingly,
in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to specify that TVs must be tested
with only the UUT powered by the specified AC power source and the
camera photometer and ABC lamp may be powered using standard mains
electricity. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on referencing
section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the power supply requirements. DOE
also requested comment on referencing the updated requirements that
were under consideration for ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which would move the
voltage and frequency requirements for the power supply from the
standby mode to the on mode section within section 7.1.1 of the CTA-
2037 standard. Id.
DOE also requested comment on its proposal to connect only the UUT
to the specified AC power source during testing and to specify that the
camera photometer and ABC lamp may be powered via mains power. DOE also
requested feedback on whether the camera photometer and ABC lamp should
be connected to additional specified AC power sources and the burden
versus benefit of such an approach. Id. In response, DOE received the
following comments.
CTA et al. recommended DOE adopt ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which includes
voltage and frequency requirements specified for both the on mode power
supply and the standby mode power supply. CTA et al. also stated that
ANSI/CTA-2037-D requires the TV to be powered by the controlled power
source and the camera photometer and the ABC lamp may be powered by
mains power. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 11)
As noted by CTA et al., the CTA working group revised the power
supply requirements in ANSI/CTA-2037-D to specify that only the UUT is
powered using the power source specified in section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-D. Additionally, the published version of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
specifies that the power supply supplying mains power to the UUT shall
be configured to deliver sufficient power at 115 V and 60 Hz to power
the UUT. These requirements are applicable to both on mode and standby
mode tests.
The power supply requirements specified in section 7.1.1 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D are the same as those specified in the March 2022 NOPR. For
the reasons discussed in the preceding paragraphs and the March 2022
NOPR, DOE is amending the power supply requirements in appendix H to
reference section 7.1.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
2. Power Meter
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that the power meter requirements
specified in section 3.3 of appendix H are the same as the requirements
specified in section 7.1.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C, which includes the
specification of a wattmeter as well as the allowable uncertainty in
measurement. 87 FR 11892, 11900. DOE stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-C
additionally specifies calibration requirements for the power meter,
the current crest factor, and the lower bound on the current range.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference section
7.1.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the power meter requirements because it
includes the requirements currently specified in appendix H, and the
additional requirements specified would ensure that the power meter
remains within bounds and calibrated to ensure the results obtained are
valid and representative. Id.
DOE requested comment on its proposal to reference the power meter
requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Specifically, DOE requested feedback
on the potential burden, if any, to meet the more stringent
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id.
CTA et al. commented that the power meter requirements in section
7.1.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D are appropriate, and that DOE should adopt
them. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 11)
The power meter requirements in ANSI/CTA-2037-D include a sampling
rate of the power meter. Specifically, ANSI/CTA-2037-D requires the
power meter to have a sampling rate of at least 1 kilo hertz (``kHz''),
and optionally have a sampling rate of at least 10 kHz. DOE's
experience with conducting TV testing, as well as testing of other
consumer products, indicates that this additional sampling requirement
should have no impact on the burden of sourcing a power meter, as the
equipment previously used should continue to meet the power meter
requirements in ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Accordingly, for the reasons discussed
in the preceding paragraph and in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the
power meter requirements in appendix H to reference section 7.1.2 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
3. Luminance Meter
Section 3.4 of appendix H specifies the accuracy requirements for a
luminance meter, which is used to measure screen luminance in the
default and brightest preset picture settings as well as the default
retail picture setting. The current luminance measurement is performed
using the static, 3-bar black-and-white image from IEC 62087:2011. This
static black-and-white image does not result in representative
luminance measurements because TVs are rarely used to display static
images (i.e., the content played on TVs is almost always dynamic, or in
motion) and pure white color is rarely displayed on a TV screen (i.e.,
most scenes displayed on a TV screen are a mix of various colors);
therefore, measuring luminance using the black-and-white image is not
representative of typical consumer use.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to measure dynamic screen
luminance (i.e., luminance of the screen when playing dynamic video
content such as the IEC test clip) as specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C to
ensure that a TV's screen luminance is measured at the same time as its
power consumption, which would provide consumers a direct relationship
for TV brightness (i.e., luminance) as a function of its power
consumption. 87 FR 11892, 11900. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE initially
determined that a dynamic screen luminance measurement would provide
results that are more representative of the real world in comparison to
the currently specified static black-and-white image. Id.
DOE additionally noted in the March 2022 NOPR that a luminance
meter cannot measure dynamic screen luminance; instead, ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies use of a camera photometer to measure the dynamic luminance
of the TV screen during each on mode test. Id. DOE explained that the
camera photometer captures the light from the TV screen while
displaying video content, and the average of the light entering the
camera photometer's sensor in each frame is translated into the average
luminance of the TV screen. In conjunction with the proposal to measure
dynamic screen luminance, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
remove the existing luminance meter requirements specified in section
3.4 of appendix H and instead reference section 7.1.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-
C, which specifies the requirements for the camera photometer's
uncertainty, resolution, sample area, and data rate. Id. at 87 FR
11900-11901.
DOE additionally noted in the March 2022 NOPR that the CTA working
group
[[Page 16091]]
was considering specifying an additional requirement in ANSI/CTA-2037-D
that the camera used for testing should be calibrated against a
traceable light source that more closely matches the spectral power
density of LED/OLED \10\ TVs than does standard illuminant A (e.g.,
D65, LED-RGB1). Id. at 87 FR 11901. This requirement has since been
finalized in ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\10\ Organic light emitting diode.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE requested comment on its proposal to measure dynamic screen
luminance and to specify use of a camera photometer to measure dynamic
screen luminance. In particular, DOE requested comment on any concerns
with the burden associated with using a camera photometer as specified
by ANSI/CTA-2037-C to measure screen luminance. Id.
DOE also requested comment on the additional calibration
requirement that was under consideration for ANSI/CTA-2037-D and
whether DOE should include this requirement for its TV test procedure.
Id.
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE establish criteria for obtaining
reproducible and repeatable results using an off-the-shelf camera
photometer and manually capturing measurements as opposed to using a
customized camera photometer paired with a proprietary software tool.
The CA IOUs also recommended that DOE develop specific guidelines
regarding the data capture process to ensure both off-the-shelf and
NEEA-supplied camera photometers produce results that meet DOE's test
tolerance requirements. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at pp. 5-6)
ComEd and NEEA supported the camera photometer requirements in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D and stated that the requirements would ensure accurate
results while maximizing design flexibility to encourage the
development of camera systems by multiple vendors. (ComEd and NEEA, No.
20 at p. 3)
CTA et al. commented that DOE should reference the requirement that
dynamic screen luminance be measured as specified in section 11.1 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D using a camera photometer as specified in section 7.1.4
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D. (CTA et al., No. 21 at pp. 11-12)
DOE has reviewed the specifications for the camera photometer in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D and determined that the requirements provide sufficient
level of detail to ensure repeatable and reproducible results, while
still allowing for flexibility in sourcing a camera photometer that
meets the defined requirements.
Additionally, in response to the CA IOUs, DOE notes that ANSI/CTA-
2037-D updates the minimum resolution requirement to be a minimum pixel
requirement, which allows more variety in the camera photometers that
are capable of meeting the specified camera photometer requirements.
ANSI/CTA-2037-D additionally includes a clarification that the camera
photometer must be capable of capturing the entire UUT screen, which
was implicitly understood to be the requirement in ANSI/CTA-2037-C but
was not specifically stated.
For the reasons discussed in the preceding paragraphs and in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the camera photometer requirements in
appendix H to reference section 7.1.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
4. Illuminance Meter
Section 3.5 of appendix H specifies accuracy requirements for the
illuminance meter, which is used to measure the room illuminance levels
at the ABC sensor for tests that are conducted with ABC functionality
enabled. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 7.1.3 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-C specifies the same accuracy requirements for an illuminance
meter and additionally specifies calibration requirements for the
illuminance meter. Additionally, DOE noted that ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies certain requirements if the illuminance meter is neither a
spectroradiometer nor calibrated against an illuminant replicating the
spectral emissions of LEDs but that the CTA working group was re-
evaluating these requirements to ease test burden by clarifying that
only specific requirements of the calibration standard must be met. 87
FR 11892, 11901. As stated in the March 2022 NOPR, these requirements
were for the illuminance meter accuracy and relative spectral response.
The CTA working group was also considering an additional requirement
which would require the center of the cosine receptor to be <= 40mm in
depth. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE initially determined that the
illuminance meter requirements specified in section 7.1.3 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C were appropriate because DOE proposed that an LED lamp be used
for ABC testing rather than an incandescent lamp as specified currently
in appendix H. Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
reference section 7.1.3 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the illuminance meter
requirements. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference the illuminance meter requirements, including the calibration
requirements, from ANSI/CTA-2037-C. DOE also requested comment on the
updated illuminance meter requirements under consideration for ANSI/
CTA-2037-D, whether DOE should consider referencing the updated
requirements when finalized, and the reason(s) for doing so. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE should reference the requirements for
the illuminance photometer described in section 7.1.3 of ANSI/CTA-2037-
D. CTA et al. additionally commented that DOE should adopt the updated
requirements for the illuminance photometer described in section 7.1.3
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which include a maximum depth for the light
reception dome (i.e., integrating sphere) that would help ensure that
the sensor will not be too far away from the TV's ABC sensor when
illuminance measurements are taken. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 12)
DOE notes that the finalized ANSI/CTA-2037-D does not include the
cosine receptor depth requirement that was under consideration by the
CTA working group. Additionally, it removes the requirements that were
specified for illuminance meters that are neither a spectroradiometer
nor calibrated against an illuminant replicating the spectral emission
of LEDs.
DOE has determined that these changes to the illuminance meter
requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-C to CTA-2037-D improve clarity and
repeatability of test results, while not increasing test burden. In
this final rule, DOE amends the illuminance meter requirements in
appendix H to reference section 7.1.3 of CTA-2037-D.
5. Video Input Device
Section 3.6 of appendix H contains video input device requirements
that specify the use of a Blu-ray player and requires that the video
input device manufacturer be different from the manufacturer of the
UUT. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies
the use of a USB flash drive \11\ to play the IEC test clips.
Specifically, sections 7.1.5 through 7.1.7 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specify
the use of a USB 3.0 flash drive that stores the test clips for
playback and a separate media player that contains a USB port to send
media to the UUT via an HDMI cable. ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the
media player must have a video setting that does not perform any video
processing (e.g., noise reduction, upscaling, or adjustment of color,
hue, contrast, or brightness). ANSI/CTA-
[[Page 16092]]
2037-C does not include the requirement that the manufacturers for the
media player and UUT must be different. 87 FR 87892, 87901.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ ANSI/CTA-2037-C refers to a USB flash drive as a ``USB
thumb drive'' and a ``USB stick.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSI/CTA-2037-C additionally requires that all media must be stored
and played from a FAT32 or ExFAT \12\-formatted USB flash drive via the
USB port in the media player. ANSI/CTA-2037-C requires that the test
clips stored on the USB flash drive are played via a USB port on a
media player instead of the designated USB port on a UUT. Id. In the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference the video media player
requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\12\ FAT32 and ExFAT refer to file allocation formatting systems
for storage devices such as USB flash drives. FAT32 means 32-bit
version of FAT file allocation table system. exFAT means extensible
file allocation table.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference the media player and USB flash drive requirements from ANSI/
CTA-2037-C. Id. DOE also requested comment on whether DOE should
maintain the current requirement that the media player and UUT must not
be from the same manufacturer. Id.
CTA et al. recommended DOE adopt ANSI/CTA-2037-D and stated that
there is no need to require that the media player and TV not be from
the same manufacturer, as the requirements in ANSI/CTA-2037-D stipulate
that the media player have a video setting that performs no video
processing. CTA et al. stated that because of these requirements, the
characteristics of the video played during testing will be the same
regardless of who manufactured the video player. (CTA et al., No. 21 at
p. 12)
DOE agrees that ANSI/CTA-2037-D addresses the concern about the
media player and TV not being from the same manufacturer by requiring
that the media player have a video setting that performs no video
processing. By removing any video processing, there is no concern about
media players interacting differently with TVs from the same
manufacturer. ANSI/CTA-2037-D clarifies that the HDMI cable must be a
Certified Ultra High Speed HDMI Cable instead of just HDMI 2.0 or
greater. As most HDMI 2.0 cables are ultra-high speed, this
clarification explicitly specifies a requirement that was previously
implicit. The clarification ensures that the HDMI cable is capable of
transferring signal at the desired rate.
For the reasons discussed in the preceding paragraph and in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE is finalizing its proposal from the March 2022
NOPR to remove the requirement that the UUT and media player be from
different manufacturers and instead specifies that the media player and
USB flash drive requirements in appendix H be as specified in sections
7.1.5 through 7.1.7 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
6. Light Source for ABC Testing
For conducting tests for TVs with ABC enabled by default, appendix
H requires the use of a lamp to alter the amount of light that is
directed to the ABC sensor of the TV. Section 7.1.3.3 of appendix H
specifies that the ABC lamp must be a standard spectrum, halogen
incandescent aluminized reflector lamp and also includes specifications
for the lamp diameter, beam angle, and center beam candlepower. Such a
light source is used in conjunction with a variable transformer to
control the brightness of the lamp, which in turn controls the
illuminance at the ABC sensor. This setup measures TV power consumption
at different room ambient conditions, reflecting TV usage that is
sometimes in a bright room (e.g., during the day) and other times in a
dark room (e.g., at night or with room lights turned off).
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C specifies the ABC light source requirements, namely that an LED
reflector lamp with dimmer switch must be used to provide the specified
room illuminance levels. Section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C additionally
specifies the diameter, rated beam angle, correlated color temperature,
and color rendering index of the lamp. Further, it specifies a 1-
percent allowable tolerance in illuminance measurement and the use of a
neutral density (``ND'') filter to reach illuminance levels less than
10 lux, which are consistent with the current requirements in appendix
H. 87 FR 11892, 11901-11902. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
reference section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the ABC light source
requirements. Id. at 87 FR 11902.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the light source
required for conducting tests with ABC enabled. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D that describe the ABC light source.
(CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 13) ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies that the
selected lamps must be compatible only with leading-edge dimmers (i.e.,
the lamp must not be a retrofit) and additionally specifies that the
lamp shall be stabilized for 15 minutes immediately prior to conducting
measurements. While testing was already conducted according to these
requirements under ANSI/CTA-2037-C, these clarifications were included
in ANSI/CTA-2037-D to improve the clarity and repeatability of the ABC
lamp configuration.
From its experience conducting TVs testing, DOE has determined that
the lamp specifications in ANSI/CTA-2037-D are consistent with current
requirements in appendix H but are updated to use a more representative
light source (i.e., LEDs). DOE has conducted testing using such an LED
lamp and did not find any substantive differences in the test conduct
compared to using an incandescent lamp. DOE also agrees with the new
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-D regarding a stabilization
period and requiring that the lamp must not be retrofit because these
requirements improve the repeatability of the test method. From its
testing experience, DOE has determined that the light source
specifications in ANSI/CTA-2037-D are an improvement to appendix H in
representativeness and do not significantly increase burden.
For the reasons discussed in the preceding paragraph and in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the light source for ABC testing
requirements in appendix H to reference section 7.1.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-
D.
F. Test Room Setup
1. Room Ambient Conditions
Sections 4.1 and 4.2 of appendix H specify the ambient temperature
and relative humidity conditions of the test room, respectively. The
temperature conditions reference section 11.4.1 of IEC 62087:2011,
which specifies a requirement of 23 degrees Celsius (``[deg]C'') 5 [deg]C. Section 4.2 of appendix H specifies that the ambient
relative humidity must be maintained between 10 percent and 80 percent.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 7.3 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C specifies the same ambient test room and relative humidity
requirements as those currently specified in appendix H. 87 FR 11892,
11902. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference these
requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id.
DOE requested comment on whether the specified ambient temperature
and humidity requirements are adequate or whether the temperature and
relative humidity specifications should include additional
specification regarding the precision and/or accuracy of the
instruments used to verify that the required ambient conditions are
maintained. Id.
[[Page 16093]]
CTA et al. stated that the environmental conditions specified in
section 7.3 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D are adequate and it is not necessary to
include additional specifications regarding the precision or accuracy
of the instruments used to verify the ambient conditions. CTA et al.
stated that the additional specifications might make it considerably
more difficult or expensive to obtain the measurement instruments
without improving test results to any significant degree. (CTA et al.,
No. 21 at p. 13)
ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the ambient relative humidity to be 45
percent 35 percent (non-condensing). This requirement is
effectively the same as the requirement specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C,
which specifies the ambient relative humidity to be between 10 and 80
percent. ANSI/CTA-2037-D also specifies the ambient temperature to be
23[deg]C 5[deg]C, which is the same as the requirement
specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C and the current appendix H.
Given the ambient relative humidity and ambient temperature
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-D are effectively the same as
the requirements specified in the current appendix H, DOE amends the
room ambient conditions in appendix H to reference section 7.3 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
2. Room Illuminance Level
Section 4.3 of appendix H specifies that all luminance and on mode
testing must be performed in a room with an illuminance level less than
or equal to 1.0 lux measured at the UUT's ABC sensor while the TV is in
off mode or standby mode. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that
section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the same requirement but
includes an additional requirement regarding the positioning of the
illuminance meter used for this measurement (i.e., the illuminance
meter must be positioned at the ABC sensor in the same manner as it
would be positioned during luminance and power measurement tests). 87
FR 11892, 11902. As this requirement is generally the same between
appendix H and ANSI/CTA-2037-C, but with additional specificity
regarding meter placement, which would further ensure repeatability and
reproducibility of the test results, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to reference section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the room
illuminance level. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the room illuminance level
and requirement to position the illuminance meter in the same manner as
it would be positioned during luminance and power measurement tests.
Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which specify the room illuminance
level and the position of the illuminance meter when the room
illuminance level is measured. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 13)
The published ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the same requirements for
room illuminance level as those specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Because
these requirements further ensure repeatability and reproducibility of
the test results, DOE amends the room illuminance level in appendix H
to reference section 7.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
3. UUT Installation and Placement
Section 4.4 of appendix H specifies that the UUT must be installed
in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Additionally, section
4.5 of appendix H includes requirements for TV placement, which
specifies that TVs tested with ABC enabled must be placed at least 0.5
meters away from any wall surface and that all four corners of the face
of the TV must be placed equidistant from a vertical reference plane.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that many manufacturers provide
instructions for multiple installation configurations for the TV, such
as stand mounted and wall mounted, and do not specify a single method
as a recommended or preferred approach. 87 FR 11892, 11902.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-
C specifies the installation and setup requirements for the UUT as well
as all other test equipment relative to the placement of the TV.
Specifically, sections 8.2. 8.2.2, and 8.2.3 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C provide
instructions on installing a UUT for testing, including a preference
for installing a TV using a stand mount if possible; if not, using a
wall mount; and if the UUT is neither stand-mounted nor wall-mounted
(e.g., permanently mounted in a wheeled furniture stand), special case
installation instructions are specified in which the UUT assembly
(including whatever support mechanisms or furniture that are part of
the UUT) are positioned on a floor. Section 8.2.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies requirements for positioning the ABC sensor relative to the
UUT for cases where the UUT has an ABC sensor that is not permanently
mounted on the display (e.g., in an external enclosure or sound bar).
Id.
Additionally, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that ANSI/CTA-2037-
C describes the requirements for the placement of the LED lamp, camera
photometer, and illuminance meter relative to the UUT. Section 8.1.1 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies placing the LED lamp at a 45[deg] angle, with
a tolerance of 2[deg], pointed at the ABC sensor and also specifies
requirements to ensure that light is not reflected off the TV screen.
Id. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE tentatively found that positioning the
lamp at an angle rather than directly in front of the sensor would be
more representative of real-world conditions, as lighting is generally
not placed such that a lamp shines directly towards the ABC sensor;
instead, any light reaching the sensor is generally directed at the TV
screen at an angle, either from overhead lighting or floor lamps. Id.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to adapt the
requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C regarding lamp setup. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also stated that section 8.1.2 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-C specifies that the illuminance meter must be oriented at an
angle of 45[deg] to be aimed directly at the light source, which is
also oriented at 45[deg] relative to, and pointing towards, the ABC
sensor. ANSI/CTA-2037-C also requires a firm stationary mount for the
illuminance meter to allow for consistent measurement of the
illuminance. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference these
additional requirements for the illuminance meter setup within revised
section 3 (Test Setup) of appendix H. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also stated that section 8.2.5 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-C specifies detailed instructions for the placement and setup
of the camera photometer, which is used for dynamic luminance
measurement. The placement of the camera photometer is dependent on the
size of the UUT. The distance between the camera photometer and the TV
is proportional to the width of the TV, and the height of the camera
photometer is always in the center of the height of the TV. The
orientation is 0[deg] with respect to the TV screen, with a 5[deg]
tolerance. Section 8.2.5 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C also provides instructions
for how to prevent the moir[eacute] effect \13\ by defocusing the
camera
[[Page 16094]]
photometer appropriately. DOE has conducted testing using this setup
and has found this setup provides for a measurement of screen luminance
in a repeatable manner. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to
reference the ANSI/CTA-2037-C requirements for the placement and setup
of the camera photometer. Id. at 87 FR 11902-11903.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\13\ The moir[eacute] effect refers to a visual perception that
occurs when viewing the dots of the LEDs in the UUT superimposed on
the pixels captured from the camera photometer. The overlapped
patterns can cause a glare in the recorded image, which can impact
results if not corrected.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that sections 7.1.10 and 8.2.1
of ANSI/CTA-2037-C include additional requirements regarding the table
surface on which the UUT is placed for testing. This includes the
specifications for covering the table with black, non-reflective cloth
and placing a reflective card directly underneath the ABC sensor of the
UUT. The reflective card is used to better redirect light from the ABC
lamp into the ABC sensor, given the 45[deg] angle of the ABC lamp. In
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference these requirements in
the test room setup section of appendix H. Id. at 87 FR 11903. DOE
additionally noted that while it proposed to reference these
requirements, the CTA working group was considering amending this
requirement to specify that a ``minimally reflective cloth'' (such as
black felt) rather than a ``non-reflective cloth'' be used for testing,
since no material is truly non-reflective. Id. The published ANSI/CTA-
2037-D has since finalized this requirement. In the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE requested comment on its proposal to reference all the requirements
specified in section 8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the test room setup.
These include the setup of the UUT, illuminance meter, camera
photometer, table surface, and reflective card. DOE also requested
comment on whether it would be appropriate to specify that the table
surface must be covered with black, non-reflective cloth or whether DOE
should specify a ``minimally reflective'' cloth instead. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D regarding the physical setup of the test.
CTA et al. also stated that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 8.2.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which differ from ANSI/CTA-2037-C by
specifying ``minimally reflective'' cloth instead of ``nonreflective''
cloth. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 13)
ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies UUT setup requirements that are
substantively the same as those specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C, with two
minor updates. First, ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies that the table surface
must be covered with black, minimally reflective cloth, as discussed in
the March 2022 NOPR. Second, ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies that the
illuminance meter's position along the x-axis shall be minimized and
shall be less than 95 millimeters. This requirement is effectively the
same as that stated in ANSI/CTA-2037-C, which specified that the base
of the dome (of the illuminance meter) must be placed on the bezel of
the TV. The requirement in ANSI/CTA-2037-D includes a quantitative
distance, which should improve repeatability in placing the illuminance
meter consistently, but does not materially change the placement
compared to ANSI/CTA-2037-C. For the reasons discussed in the preceding
paragraphs and in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends the UUT installation
and placement in appendix H to reference sections 7.1.10 and 8 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
G. Test Configuration
1. Configuration of Special Functions
Section 5 of appendix H specifies configuration requirements for
various TV functions such as: additional functions and special
functions; the setup of the TV when presented with forced menu prompts;
a connection priority to be used for connecting the TV to the video
input device; the selection of the preset picture setting for on mode
tests; video aspect ratio; frame rate; sound level; and network
connection configuration. For many of these requirements, appendix H
references the requirements specified in relevant sections of IEC
62087:2011. The requirements specified in appendix H are also
consistent with earlier versions of the ANSI/CTA-2037 standard.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that as TV technology has
evolved, the configuration requirements currently specified in appendix
H may not be as representative of current TV use. 87 FR 11892, 11903.
DOE additionally noted that special functions such as MDD often trigger
a more significant decrease in power consumption when testing with the
IEC test clip compared to other real-world media content. Id. DOE
additionally stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-C provides setup requirements
for functions including quick start, MDD, and forced menus. Section 9.1
of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the UUT must operate on the latest
manufacturer-supplied firmware and requires a factory reset to ensure
the TV is configured with the most recent firmware update. Section 9.2
of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies instructions for the initial configuration
of the UUT, including how to adjust according to initial setup and
forced menu prompts that may have multiple configurations from which to
choose. DOE stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies disabling
accessibility settings intended for vision or hearing-impaired viewers
as well as choosing the configuration that does not include the
addition of content such as applications (i.e., ``apps'') or TV
stations. Other than these exceptions, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the most power-consumptive
configuration must be selected, and the selection must be verified via
a test if the most power-consumptive configuration is unknown. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE additionally stated that section 9.7 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-C requires all testing to be completed with MDD disabled.
Further, section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C provides criteria that are used
to determine whether quick start is enabled or disabled during testing.
Specifically, quick start is enabled during testing if it is enabled by
default or if the wake time of the TV is greater than or equal to 10
seconds when quick start is disabled. In the latter scenario, quick
start is enabled to provide the shortest possible resume time. To
determine the wake time of the TV for the quick start configuration,
ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies connecting the UUT to LAN without any other
devices connected, playing the SDR IEC test clip, turning off the TV
for 20 minutes, and turning it back on such that it is configured to
turn on to the HDMI input connection that is playing the IEC test clip.
The time between turning on the TV to content being displayed is
determined to be the wake time of the TV for the configuration of quick
start function. Id. at 87 FR 11903-11904.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to adopt through reference
sections 9.1, 9.2, 9.7, and 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Id. at 87 FR 11904.
DOE tentatively determined that adopting these sections would address
stakeholder comments in response to the June 2016 RFI, would make the
DOE test procedure consistent with the industry standard for the
configuration of these settings, and would ensure that the DOE test
procedure is measuring power consumption in a representative and
repeatable manner. Id. While DOE proposed to reference these
requirements, DOE noted in the March 2022 NOPR that the most power
consumptive configuration of a special function may not be readily
identified, as required in section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C, particularly
because ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies on mode testing
[[Page 16095]]
at three preset picture settings. DOE noted that ANSI/CTA-2037-C does
not address which configuration should be selected if a given special
function impacts power consumption differently when testing the
different preset picture settings or power modes. Additionally, DOE
noted in the March 2022 NOPR that the CTA working group was considering
updating this requirement to specify that the most energy consumptive
configuration of a special function must be selected if a forced menu
is displayed requiring the configuration of special functions. Id.
DOE also acknowledged in the March 2022 NOPR that the CTA working
group was considering changing how the most consumptive state is
determined. Specifically, the working group was considering changing
this requirement to specify that the option that is more likely to
increase energy consumption be selected. As an example, if a UUT has a
prompt for enabling or disabling location sharing, this special
function is unlikely to use a significant amount of additional energy,
but it is more likely that enabling it will result in higher energy
consumption than disabling it, and therefore, location sharing should
be enabled during testing, according to the language under
consideration by the CTA working group. Id. DOE additionally stated
that the CTA working group was considering other alternate language to
eliminate subjective configuration of special functions from forced
menu prompts. In particular, the working group was considering
specifying that if it is unknown which configuration yields the most
energy consumptive state, then the configuration that enables more
functionality should be selected, such as location sharing, data
reporting, or data backup. However, if a forced menu is displayed
requesting the configuration of features that would reduce or save
energy, the configuration that consumes maximum energy should be
selected (e.g., smart viewing modes or energy saving functionality).
The ultimate goal of such a requirement would be to select the
configuration that consumes the most energy, and it is expected that,
generally, enabling more functionality would consume more energy. The
CTA working group was also considering selecting the option that is
highlighted or pre-selected when a given forced menu prompt appears on
the screen. Id.
At the time of the March 2022 NOPR, the CTA working group was also
considering specifying that the TV must be tested in the default
settings for all functions other than those that require configuration
when a forced menu prompt appears on the screen. Further, the working
group was considering specifying that the tester must not log into any
services if prompted by a forced menu during initial setup, unless it
is required for the setup of any other functionality noted in the
standard (e.g., smart wake functionality setup via a smart speaker).
Id. The working group also intended to clarify certain requirements for
quick start. In particular, to measure the quick start wake time, ANSI/
CTA-2037-C specifies that the test must be conducted on LAN, without
WAN connection. The working group intended to remove this requirement
for ANSI/CTA-2037-D, so that the quick start wake time check is
conducted under the same settings as the rest of the test (i.e., on
WAN). Additionally, ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the wake time must
be measured when the UUT wakes to the HDMI input. However, it does not
state how the wake time should be measured if the UUT does not wake to
the HDMI input. For ANSI/CTA-2037-D, the working group was considering
specifying that if the UUT does not wake to displaying video content
from the HDMI port, then the wake time measurement period would end as
soon as an HDMI input port can be selected to play content. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on whether it should
consider requiring that if a forced menu is displayed requesting the
configuration of specific features, then the most energy consumptive
configuration, as represented by AEC, must be selected (rather than the
most power consumptive configuration). Additionally, if stakeholders
supported the use of the most power consumptive configuration, DOE
requested comment on whether it should specify that the power
consumption measurement is averaged over the duration of the test. Id.
at 87 FR 11905.
DOE also requested comment on any approaches that were under
consideration for ANSI/CTA-2037-D by the CTA working group for the
initial setup of the TV, the configuration of forced menu options, or
the requirements for the quick start wake time measurement test. Id.
CTA et al. recommended that DOE adopt ANSI/CTA-2037-D, including
the requirements in section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which stipulate
that, if a forced menu is displayed, then the menu selection(s) which
result in the most energy consumptive state shall be selected. CTA et
al. also stated that the most energy consumptive state does not need to
be determined by running complete tests and calculating AEC for each
configuration. Instead, if the most energy consumptive state is not
obvious, then the configuration that results in the most functionality
should be selected. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 13)
CTA et al. also commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for quick start functionality, which
requires that quick start wake time be measured to determine if it
should be enabled during testing. (Id. at p. 14) ANSI/CTA-2037-D
includes some updates in the introductory text of section 9 and
sections 9.1, 9.2, 9.7, and 9.10 (which is the new section number for
quick start requirements, compared to section 9.9 in ANSI/CTA-2037-C).
Specifically, the introductory text of section 9 specifies explicitly
that the UUT must be configured and tested in the home
configuration,\14\ while this same requirement is specified in section
9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C. Accordingly, DOE is adopting the introductory
text in section 9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D in this final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ Home configuration is the configuration designed for
typical consumer viewing and is recommended by the manufacturer for
home environments. It is typically selected from the forced menu
wherein a selection needs to be made for ``home'' vs. ``retail''
configurations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Additionally, section 9.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the UUT
must operate on the latest manufacturer-supplied firmware. Section 9.1
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the same requirements but changes the term
``firmware'' to ``software;'' i.e., the UUT must operate on the latest
manufacturer-supplied software. As discussed previously, ANSI/CTA-2037-
D also includes a definition for ``software,'' which specifies, in
part, that code that might be classified as ``firmware'' elsewhere is
classified as ``software'' in ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Overall, it is DOE's
understanding that while ANSI/CTA-2037-C and ANSI/CTA-2037-D use
different terminologies, the intent of the requirement is the same.
Accordingly, DOE is adopting section 9.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the UUT
software update requirements.
Section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C and ANSI/CTA-2037-D specify the
initial steps to configurate the TV prior to conducting tests. However,
in the published ANSI/CTA-2037-D, the CTA working group finalized each
of the items that were discussed as being under consideration in the
March 2022 NOPR. These include configuration of features required via
forced menu prompts using the most energy consumptive state rather than
the most power consumptive state. ANSI/CTA-2037-D also specifies that
the most energy consumptive state is selected
[[Page 16096]]
based on the configuration that enables more functionality unless the
feature would reduce or save energy, in which case the configuration
that consumes maximum energy is selected, as discussed in the March
2022 NOPR. Section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D also specifies that the
tester must not log into any services if prompted by a forced menu
during initial setup, unless it is required for the setup of any other
functionality noted in the standard (e.g., smart wake functionality
setup via a smart speaker), as discussed in the March 2022 NOPR. These
clarifications are intended to improve repeatability and
reproducibility while configuring the initial TV settings. Accordingly,
DOE is adopting section 9.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the initial
configuration requirements. DOE notes that ANSI/CTA-2037-D also
includes a new section 9.2.1 to specify network configuration
requirements. These requirements were previously specified in section
9.10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C. DOE discusses networking requirements in
section III.G.6 of this document.
Section 9.7 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the same requirements as
those specified in section 9.7 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C and discussed in the
March 2022 NOPR for the configuration of MDD for SDR preset picture
settings. Since MDD is not known to impact power consumption of HDR10
preset picture settings when tested with the HDR10 IEC test clip, the
configuration of MDD in the HDR10 preset picture setting is not
expected to impact results. Accordingly, DOE is adopting section 9.7 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the MDD setup.
Finally, for the quick start requirements specified in section 9.10
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, the CTA working group adopted each of the
requirements that were discussed as being under consideration in the
March 2022 NOPR. The updated quick start requirements are intended to
reduce burden by removing the requirement to wait for displayed content
to appear, which is sometimes not repeatable, and improve
representativeness by clarifying that the TV be connected to LAN and
WAN. Accordingly, DOE is adopting section 9.10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for
the quick start requirements.
2. Media Player Setup and Connection
Sections 5.2 and 5.3 of appendix H require the use of an HDMI input
cable and the HDMI input terminal that is designed for viewing live TV
or dynamic content from a Blu-ray Disc player or set-top-box. However,
appendix H does not provide additional instructions regarding the
settings that must be selected for the media player (e.g., noise
reduction, upscaling, etc.).
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 9.3 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C specifies requirements for playing video test files using the
media player. Specifically, this section specifies that for all UUT
setup and test tasks requiring video play, video test files stored on a
USB flash drive shall be played from the media player by inserting the
USB flash drive into the media player, connecting the media player to
the UUT using an HDMI cable, and selecting the HDMI input on the UUT
associated with the media player. On the media player, a video setting
shall be selected that performs no video processing (e.g., no noise
reduction, no upscaling, no adjustment of color, hue, contrast, or
brightness). 87 FR 11892, 11905.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to incorporate by
reference section 9.3 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the media player setup and
connection. Id. DOE received no comments specific to this topic in
response to the March 2022 NOPR.
The published ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the same requirements in
section 9.3. Accordingly, DOE amends appendix H by referencing the
media player setup and connection requirements in section 9.3 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
3. Test Clips
Appendix H currently specifies use of the IEC 62087:2011 Blu-ray
Disc dynamic broadcast-content video signal (i.e., the IEC test clip)
for all on mode testing. Section 5.7 of appendix H requires the video
aspect ratio of the video signal to fill the entire screen, and section
5.8 of appendix H requires the frame rate and resolution of the video
signal to match the highest available format signal capable of the UUT.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted that stakeholders have
collaborated during both IEC and CTA working groups to identify an
appropriate test clip for TV testing. As a result of these meetings,
the SDR IEC test clip continues to be used for testing the SDR preset
picture settings. Additionally, an adapted HDR10 test clip (referred to
as the ``HDR10 IEC test clip'' elsewhere in this document), has been
developed by the Collaborative Labeling and Appliance Standards Program
(``CLASP''), for testing HDR10 preset picture settings. Members of the
IEC and CTA working groups have agreed to use this HDR10 test clip for
testing HDR10 preset picture settings in the respective industry
standards. 87 FR 11892, 11905-11906
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies
use of the SDR IEC test clip for SDR preset picture settings and the
HDR10 IEC test clip for HDR10 preset picture settings, while providing
similar direction as appendix H for the aspect ratio, resolution, and
frame rate of the video signal. Id. at 87 FR 11906. Additionally, ANSI/
CTA-2037-C specifies that the test clips be played via a USB flash
drive rather than a Blu-ray Disc. Id.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
sections 7.2 and 9.5 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the test clip provisions.
Section 7.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the video files that should be
used for determination of on mode power consumption and states that the
file with the highest resolution supported by the UUT shall be used.
Four test clips are specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C, two of which are used
for SDR preset picture settings and two of which are used for HDR10
preset picture settings. Section 9.5 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C additionally
specifies that the aspect ratio of the video content must fill the
entire screen without being cropped to ensure all TV pixels are
activated during testing. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference the SDR and HDR10 IEC test clips specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C
for testing TVs in the default, brightest, and HDR10 preset picture
settings. Id.
ASAP et al. stated that the proposed IEC test clips have abnormally
short scenes and lack TV viewing-related sounds, such as human voices,
that are found in typical TV content. ASAP et al. encouraged DOE to
develop a new test clip that is more representative of real-world video
and sound as part of a future rulemaking. (ASAP et al., No. 18 at p. 2)
DOE recognizes that the SDR IEC test clip may not be entirely
representative of current real-world video content. However, DOE has
determined that certain other requirements specified in this final rule
(e.g., configuration of special functions, preset picture settings
selected for on mode testing, dynamic luminance measurement, etc.)
address many of the identified shortcomings of the SDR IEC test clip,
particularly related to the short scenes. DOE additionally notes that
the HDR10 IEC test clip specified by this final rule is more
representative of real-world video content.
In addition, DOE believes that IEC is the most suitable forum to
build international consensus on the development of a future test clip
to be used for TV energy testing. If a new test
[[Page 16097]]
clip were to be developed through international consensus, DOE would
evaluate the clip and, if appropriate, consider it for the DOE test
procedure. DOE would welcome participation in any such international
effort.
ANSI/CTA-2037-D includes the same requirements regarding test clips
as those discussed in the March 2022 NOPR. Additionally, the published
standard includes the websites at which each of the test clips can be
accessed. For the reasons discussed above, and in the March 2022 NOPR,
DOE adopts the requirements for the test clips in appendix H as
referenced in sections 7.2 and 9.5 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
4. Preset Picture Settings for On Mode Tests
Appendix H requires on mode testing only in the default preset
picture setting. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE specified that ANSI/CTA-
2037-C requires on mode testing using three preset picture settings,
based on the functionality of the TV: default SDR, brightest SDR, and
the default HDR10 preset picture settings. 87 FR 11892, 11907. In the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE explained that these preset picture settings are
determined as specified in sections 9.6 and 9.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C.
Specifically, section 9.6 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C requires the tester to
play the SDR IEC test clip to identify the SDR default preset picture
setting and the HDR10 IEC test clip to identify the HDR10 default
preset picture setting. If ABC is enabled by default in these preset
picture settings, the on mode test is conducted with ABC enabled.
Section 9.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C instructs the tester to identify the
brightest preset picture setting using the SDR IEC test clip, which is
played for 5 minutes while the camera photometer collects the dynamic
luminance of the UUT in each preset picture setting. The preset picture
setting with the highest dynamic luminance is determined to be the
brightest preset picture setting and is used during on mode testing.
Section 9.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C also includes details such as how to
determine the brightest preset picture setting if the dynamic luminance
of each considered preset picture setting is very similar and specifies
certain preset picture settings that are specifically excluded, such as
``PC'' or ``Game.'' Id. Additionally, DOE stated in the March 2022 NOPR
that the CTA working group was considering explicitly stating that the
brightest preset picture setting must be identified with ABC disabled.
Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE had tentatively determined the
methodology specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C addressed many of the issues
in appendix H pertaining to testing only a single preset picture
setting; and that the methodology specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C--
capturing a range of preset picture settings that are reflective of
different resolutions and brightness settings that consumers may choose
among--would produce test results that are more representative of
average TV use than the current requirements of appendix H. Id.
Accordingly, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
sections 9.6 and 9.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C to identify the preset picture
settings that must be selected for testing. DOE additionally proposed
to specify that the brightest preset picture setting must be identified
with ABC disabled.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also noted that it was aware of certain
preset picture settings being introduced on recent TVs that are known
to adapt the TV's configuration based on the content, usage pattern,
and the environment in which the TV operates. These TVs use artificial
intelligence technology to adapt and adjust these settings and such a
preset picture setting is sometimes available in addition to Filmmaker
mode (defined in section III.C of this document). Id. While DOE did not
propose any requirement around such a preset picture setting in the
March 2022 NOPR, it requested additional information about such preset
picture settings and whether DOE should consider excluding such preset
picture settings when selecting the default SDR, brightest SDR, and
default HDR10 preset picture settings that are required for testing on
mode power consumption. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference the requirements in ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the selection of the
preset picture settings that must be used for testing and additionally
specifying that the brightest preset picture setting be identified with
ABC disabled. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE also requested information on preset
picture settings that can adapt the TV's configuration based on
content, usage pattern, environment, etc. DOE also requested comment on
whether such preset picture settings should be excluded from testing,
even if they are one of the default SDR, brightest SDR, or default
HDR10 preset picture settings. If stakeholders support excluding such a
preset picture setting from testing, DOE requested comment on which
preset picture setting(s) should be used for testing instead,
particularly if the intelligent preset picture setting is a default SDR
or default HDR10 preset picture setting. Id.
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in
section 9.6 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the identification of the default
SDR and HDR10 preset picture settings. CTA et al. also recommended
adopting the requirements in section 9.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the
selection of the brightest preset picture setting. (CTA et al., No. 21
at p. 14)
ComEd and NEEA stated there is insufficient information about
adaptive picture settings to include them in the test procedure and
2019 NEEA field research showed little use of these settings. (ComEd
and NEEA, No. 20 at p. 4)
DOE notes that adaptive picture settings may cause repeatability
and reproducibility issues by altering the TVs configuration during
testing. Therefore, DOE agrees with ComEd and NEEA that adaptive
picture settings should be excluded from the test procedure.
Sections 9.6 and 9.8 of the published ANSI/CTA-2037-D specify the
same requirements as those proposed in the March 2022 NOPR, including
determining the brightest preset picture setting with ABC off. As no
other changes have been made to the preset picture selection between
ANSI/CTA-2037-C and ANSI/CTA-2037-D, DOE amends the preset picture
settings for on mode testing to reference sections 9.6 and 9.8 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
5. Sound Level
Section 5.9 of appendix H specifies that the TV sound level shall
be configured in accordance with section 11.4.11 of IEC 62087:2011.
Section 11.4.11 of IEC 62087:2011 specifies that the volume control
shall be adjusted to a level at which the sound output is audible. DOE
understands this instruction to mean starting with the volume control
at zero and increasing the volume until an audible level is achieved.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE stated that section 9.4 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C specifies that the volume control shall be adjusted to a level
greater than zero that is closest to 2 percent of the maximum (e.g., a
TV with a maximum level of 30 would have its volume set to 1). As this
requirement is more objective than the current requirement specified in
IEC 62087:2011, while resulting in comparable sound levels, in the
March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference section 9.4 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C for the sound level requirements in appendix H. 87 FR 11892,
11907.
ASAP et al. encouraged DOE to consider measuring power consumption
using more representative TV sound
[[Page 16098]]
levels as part of a future rulemaking and encouraged DOE to conduct
testing at different sound levels to determine the relationship between
TV volume and power consumption. (ASAP et al., No. 18, at p. 2)
In the NOPR public meeting, NEEA and Pacific Crest Lab (``PCL'')
commented that the current test clips have 1 kilohertz (``kHz'') sine
waves as the sound on the test clips and the test clips would need to
be redesigned to accommodate more representative sound. Associated with
the update to the test clip, NEEA and PCL stated that testing
laboratories would also need to be redesigned, with soundproofing for
instance, if a more representative sound is used on the test clip. NEEA
and PCL additionally stated that it would be a longer-term goal to
change the sound requirements for the TV test procedure. (Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 43-44)
DOE has determined that the sound level configuration specified in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D (which is same as the requirement in ANSI/CTA-2037-C)
ensures a repeatable and reproducible sound level by specifying the
volume be set to a percentage of the maximum volume rather than relying
on the audibility of the sound. Accordingly, DOE is adopting this
requirement in this final rule. Should additional data become available
regarding the impact of sound level on measured power use, or a
representative sound level for conducting testing, DOE may consider a
different sound level in a future test procedure rulemaking.
For reasons discussed here and, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE amends
the sound level configuration to reference section 9.4 of ANSI/CTA2037-
D.
6. Network Configuration
Section 5.10 of appendix H specifies the network connection
configuration to which the UUT must be connected. Section 5.10.2 of
appendix H requires the UUT to be connected to a LAN both in on mode
and prior to being placed in standby mode, if the TV is network
enabled. The LAN shall allow devices to ping other devices on the
network but must not allow access to a WAN. Section 5.10.2 of appendix
H also provides a network connection hierarchy table prioritizing that
the UUT be connected via Wi-Fi, then Ethernet if Wi-Fi is not supported
by the UUT.
Sections 7.1.8, 9.9, 9.10, and 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C include
requirements for network-related equipment and configuration of network
connections, and configuration of specified networking devices.
Specifically, section 7.1.8.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that the
internet network connection shall support download speeds of at least
25 megabytes per second (``MBps'') and upload speeds of at least 3
Mbps. Sections 7.1.8.2 and 7.1.8.3 specify the use of a smart speaker
that shall be used to conduct the wake-by-smart-speaker test and the
use of a mobile device that is used for remote control and casting
applications. Section 7.1.8.4 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that a
network traffic generator shall be configured to output multicast
discovery packets to the LAN every 1 second. The packets include
requests to the UUT typical of everyday use \15\ that can be responded
to over LAN by the UUT. 87 FR 11892, 11907-11908. Section 9.10 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-C requires that for UUTs that are network enabled, both the on
mode and standby mode tests be conducted with the UUT connected to WAN
as well as up to three additional devices (i.e., the smart speaker,
mobile device, and network traffic generator) connected via the LAN.
Section 9.10 also requires that the LAN network include no other
networking devices besides the devices required to conduct the test
(i.e., the smart speaker, mobile device, and network traffic
generator). Section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that for TVs that
are advertised to support wake-by-remote-control-app (``WbRA''), wake-
on-cast (``WoC''), or wake-by-smart-speaker (``WbS''), enable as many
of the supported smart wake features as possible. Any devices used to
configure these features (e.g., mobile device, smart speaker, etc.)
should be connected to the same LAN as the UUT. Section 9.11 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-C further specifies that the goal is to configure the UUT to
wake with as many of the three identified smart wake features as
possible.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\15\ For example, the packets include commands sent to the
Google and Spotify internet servers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE stated in the March 2022 NOPR, that the CTA working group was
considering explicitly specifying the following additional
requirements: (a) the LAN must not include other networking devices
besides the devices required to conduct the test; (b) internet
connectivity must be confirmed (e.g., by streaming media); (c) if the
UUT does not support Wi-Fi or Ethernet connectivity then it shall not
be connected to other possible forms of network connection (e.g.,
MoCA); and, (d) the three smart wake features must be enabled before
performing any of the on or standby mode tests. Id.
DOE's analysis of the market indicates that most TVs currently on
the market are equipped with the capability to connect to the network.
The growing availability of streaming services and video content via
digital media suggests that a growing percentage of TVs are connected
to an active internet connection when installed in a consumer's home.
Additionally, the growth in the market for connected devices,
particularly mobile devices and smart speakers, suggests that these
devices are also becoming more prevalent in consumer homes.
Based on an analysis of the market and the requirements specified
in ANSI/CTA-2037-C and those under consideration at the time for ANSI/
CTA-2037-D, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE tentatively concluded that the
network configuration requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C--which
require an active internet connection for the TV and the configuration
of three different types of devices connected to the same local
network--are more representative of TVs currently sold on the market
than the requirements currently specified in appendix H. Therefore, in
the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference the network connection
requirements specified in sections 7.1.8, 9.10, and 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-C. Id.
DOE additionally noted that it had found through its testing that
configuring the specified network devices, especially the smart
speaker, to communicate with the TV was challenging for some TV models
due to inadequate setup instructions. Further, DOE experienced
challenges pairing certain TV models with smart speakers, noting that
some TV models could only connect to certain smart speaker brands, but
not others. Id.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference sections 7.1.8, 9.10, and 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the
network configuration requirements. DOE also requested comment on the
updates being considered by the CTA working group for ANSI/CTA-2037-D
as they pertain to the WAN and LAN connection requirements and the
connection requirements for smart wake features. Id.
DOE also requested feedback on its observed challenges with pairing
certain TV models with smart speakers. Id.
CTA et al. stated that DOE should adopt the requirements in
sections 7.1.8, 9.9, and 9.10 of ANSI/CTA2037-D \16\ regarding network
configuration
[[Page 16099]]
requirements. CTA et al. additionally stated that, at the time of
filing the comments, the CTA working group was still discussing
appropriate wording for section 7.1.8 and its subsections, which
describe the network activity to be generated during testing. (CTA et
al., No. 21 at p. 14) CTA et al. additionally commented that DOE should
adopt the requirements from ANSI/CTA-2037-D, including section 9.10
\17\ which describes how to configure a TV to be woken using smart
speakers and how to address situations where a smart speaker is unable
to wake the TV. CTA et al. noted that, according to CTA et al., ANSI/
CTA-2037-D addressed the issues pertaining to pairing certain TVs with
certain smart speakers. (Id. at p. 15) CTA et al. commented that DOE
should not include any additional specifications beyond those specified
in ANSI/CTA-2037-D. (Id.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\16\ DOE observes that while CTA et al. commented that the
relevant network configuration requirements are specified in
sections 7.1.8, 9.9, and 9.10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, the requirements
are in fact specified in sections 7.1.8, 9.2.1, and 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-
2037-D.
\17\ These requirements are specified in section 9.9 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSI/CTA-2037-D generally includes the same networking requirements
as those specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C. While DOE referenced sections
7.1.8, 9.10, and 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the networking
requirements in the March 2022 NOPR, these same requirements are
specified in sections 7.1.8, 9.2.1, and 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
Additionally, section 7.1.8 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D removes the requirement
regarding additional packet generation as specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C.
Based on DOE's ongoing participation in the CTA standard development
process, DOE understands that the reason for removing this requirement
is that the wake features utilized during the on mode and standby
testing already generate packets that are representative of average
household usage, and that any additional packets generated artificially
via a packet generator would not be representative.
Additionally, the requirements in section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
are generally the same as those in section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C,
except that section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D removes the test specified
in ANSI/CTA 2037-C to confirm at the end of a standby mode test that
the TV can be powered on via a smart wake feature. Instead, section 9.9
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies that to reduce test burden, the test
method does not require testers to confirm [via a separate test] that
they have configured smart wake features to persist throughout the
entire standby test period; however, testers should confirm that they
understand how to achieve this result for all UUT brands or platforms
tested.\18\ Section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D additionally provides
guidance for the tester if any of the smart wake functions do not work.
This includes testing with a different smart speaker brand and
suggesting enabling quick start, which is a common setting that must be
enabled for smart wake features to function and mitigates the
challenges that DOE observed when testing according to a draft version
of ANSI/CTA-2037-C associated with pairing the smart speaker with the
TV. The smart wake devices are also required to stay configured to the
UUT even if the 5-second check is not successful. These requirements
generally ensure that testing is conducted in the same environment as
that specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\18\ Section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D further states that, for
example, it is common that the Quick Start feature must be enabled
in order to enable persistent smart wake features.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DOE found that the additional instructions for configuring and
connecting the smart speaker provided by ANSI/CTA-2037-D are helpful
for informing testers of the common missteps made while configuring the
smart speaker and would help improve repeatability and reproducibility
across test labs. Additionally, the updated network requirements in
ANSI/CTA-2037-D are more representative of modern TVs and home network
environments. For the reasons discussed here and, in the March 2022
NOPR, DOE amends the network configuration requirements to reference
sections 7.1.8, 9.2.1, and 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
H. Test Conduct
Section 7 of appendix H specifies the tests for measuring on mode
power consumption, luminance, standby mode power consumption, and off
mode power consumption. The following sections describe the amendments
DOE proposed to each of these tests in the March 2022 NOPR as well as
the final requirements adopted in this final rule.
1. On Mode Test
As discussed in previous sections, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to adopt the testing requirements specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-
C, which specifies a new method to measure dynamic screen luminance at
the same time as on mode power consumption. Accordingly, the on mode
test specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies requirements for camera
configuration, UUT stabilization, and measurement of luminance and
power consumption. 87 FR 11892, 11908.
Section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the camera configuration
and UUT stabilization procedure. First, the camera photometer must be
configured to ensure that the UUT's screen border fits in the camera's
field of view. Additionally, the color correction factors must be
identified, if necessary, per the camera manufacturer's instructions.
The UUT is then stabilized by playing the first 5 minutes of the IEC
SDR test clip multiple times until the average power level between
successive runs of the clip is within 2 percent. The procedure
specifies that final camera configuration is performed just before on
mode testing so that the UUT remains stabilized during the transition
from this step to on mode testing. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed
to reference section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C in appendix H to specify the
UUT and camera photometer stabilization requirements.
Section 11.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the on mode test conduct,
which as discussed, specifies measuring power consumption and dynamic
luminance simultaneously. ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies conducting on mode
testing in the SDR default, SDR brightest, and HDR10 default preset
picture settings. All UUTs are tested with ABC off at the default
backlight in each preset picture setting. In ANSI/CTA-2037-C, any
preset picture setting with ABC off by default is additionally tested
with the backlight level set to 20 percent of its maximum backlight
level. As specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C, any preset picture setting with
ABC on by default is additionally tested at 140 lux, 50 lux, 17 lux,
and 4 lux room illuminance levels. These room illuminance levels are
not identical, but are in practice equivalent, to the room illuminance
levels specified in the current appendix H (i.e., 100 lux, 35 lux, 12
lux, and 3 lux) for the following reason. Appendix H requires the lamp
to be placed directly in front of the ABC sensor to set room
illuminance levels at 100 lux, 35 lux, 12 lux, and 3 lux. Given that
ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the lamp to be placed at an angle of 45[deg]
from the ABC sensor, the room illuminance levels are slightly higher to
ensure that the light at the ABC sensor is equivalent to the current
room illuminance values with the lamp placed directly in front of the
ABC sensor.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference these
requirements for the on mode power and luminance measurements in the
default SDR, brightest SDR, and default HDR10 preset picture settings.
However, for the brightest SDR preset picture setting, in the March
2022 NOPR DOE proposed to only utilize the on mode
[[Page 16100]]
power consumption with ABC disabled for the calculation of AEC,
regardless of the default ABC setting. This is because the selection of
the brightest preset picture setting is performed with ABC disabled [as
discussed in section III.G.4 of this document]. If ABC were then
enabled during the on mode measurement test, it would be inconsistent
with how the preset picture setting was selected and may not truly
capture the intended brightest preset picture setting's luminance and
power. 87 FR 11892, 11908.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposal to
reference section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the camera photometer and
stabilization requirements. DOE also requested comment on its proposal
to reference section 11.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the on mode dynamic
luminance and power measurement. Specifically, DOE requested comment on
using the brightest preset picture setting measurement with ABC turned
off for the AEC calculation, regardless of its default setting. Id.
Additionally, in the NOPR public meeting, DOE discussed that the
CTA working group was considering specifying certain additional
requirements for the on mode tests. Specifically, DOE noted that the
working group was considering specifying that ABC-enabled tests that
are conducted at each room illuminance level should include a 1-minute
stabilization period at each room illuminance level. (See Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 26) DOE additionally noted that for
preset picture settings with ABC disabled by default, the CTA working
group was considering replacing the measurement point at 20 percent of
the maximum backlight level with two measurement points, i.e., the
minimum backlight level and a second measurement point that is halfway
between the minimum and default backlight level. (Id. at p. 27) DOE
also noted that the working group was considering including
requirements that if the minimum backlight level is too dim to view the
IEC test clip's countdown timer, the backlight level can be increased
until the countdown timer is visible. Additionally, the working group
was considering specifying that if a backlight setting is not
available, then the backlight is adjusted via the brightness or the
luminance setting. Id.
In response to the March 2022 NOPR, CTA et al. commented that DOE
should adopt the requirements in section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
regarding configuration of the camera and stabilization of the TV. CTA
et al. also commented that DOE should adopt the requirements in section
11.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D regarding on mode testing, including using the
test results with ABC on for the brightest preset picture setting if
ABC is on by default, because CTA et al. does not expect consumers to
manually change the ABC setting when using a TV's brightest preset
picture setting. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 15)
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE test the brightest SDR preset
picture setting in the default ABC setting during the on mode test,
rather than always disabled because the ABC feature reduces power
consumption and would encourage manufactures to support the ABC feature
and enable it by default. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 4; Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 16 at p. 32-33)
ComEd and NEEA supported testing the brightest preset picture
setting with ABC disabled to avoid circumvention of the brightest
preset picture setting test. (ComEd and NEEA, No. 20 at p. 4)
While CTA et al. and the CA IOUs commented that the on mode power
consumption of the brightest preset picture setting should be
determined with ABC enabled, if ABC is enabled by default in the
brightest preset picture setting, DOE notes that ANSI/CTA-2037-D
calculates the on mode power consumption of the brightest preset
picture setting at the ABC disabled measurement point in Annex A of the
standard. DOE is adopting this approach (as discussed in section III.1
of this document) because DOE has determined that if the brightest
preset picture setting is identified with ABC disabled, then, for
consistency, its representative power consumption in on mode must also
be measured with ABC disabled. Further, the on mode test requirements
specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-D state that for preset picture settings
with ABC enabled, on mode power consumption can be measured at each of
the room illuminance levels, in addition to the ABC off measurement
point. Should stakeholders be interested in the power consumption with
ABC enabled, these values will be determined as part of the test
procedure, but for the calculation of average on mode power consumption
and AEC, DOE is specifying that only the ABC off measurement point be
used for the brightest preset picture setting. Section III.I of this
document discusses the on mode power consumption and AEC calculations
for all other preset picture settings and power modes, respectively.
Section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the same requirements as
those specified in section 10 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the camera
configuration and UUT stabilization but additionally specifies that the
camera photometer must be powered on for at least 30 minutes prior to
the final camera configuration. Based on its participation in the CTA
standards development process, DOE understands that this requirement is
intended to improve repeatability and reproducibility, as the camera
requires a period of time to ``warm up.''
Additionally, as discussed during the NOPR public meeting, section
11.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies on mode test requirements, some of
which are similar to those specified in section 11.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
while other requirements have been updated to those that were under
consideration at the time of the NOPR public meeting. Specifically,
ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies that the UUT must be stabilized by playing
the first 5 minutes of the IEC test clip until the average power is
within 2 percent of the previous run. ANSI/CTA-2037-D additionally
specifies that for tests conducted with ABC enabled, the UUT shall have
1 minute to stabilize after the room illuminance level has been
configured before starting each ABC enabled test. Additionally, all
preset picture settings are tested at the default backlight level with
ABC disabled. For preset picture settings with ABC enabled, tests are
conducted at room illuminance levels of 140 lux, 50 lux, 17 lux, and 4
lux. For preset picture settings with ABC disabled, tests are conducted
at the minimum backlight and a backlight level that is approximately
halfway between default and minimum backlight, as discussed during the
NOPR public meeting. Finally, ANSI/CTA-2037-D also finalized the
requirement that if the minimum backlight level is too dim to view the
IEC test clip's countdown timer, the backlight level can be increased
until the countdown timer is visible and specifies that if a backlight
setting is not available, then the backlight is adjusted via the
brightness or the luminance setting, as discussed during the NOPR
public meeting.
Based on its experience with testing TVs, DOE has determined that
the additional stabilization period specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-D at
each room illuminance level is crucial for repeatability of test
results as TVs typically require some time to adjust to changes in room
illuminance and is not unduly burdensome. DOE also expects the
clarifications specified regarding how to adjust the backlight level
will ensure that a TV unit under test is configured consistently during
testing. Accordingly, for the reasons discussed here and, in the March
2022 NOPR,
[[Page 16101]]
DOE amends the on mode test to reference sections 10 and 11.1 of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
2. Luminance Test
Section 7.2 of appendix H specifies the procedures for measuring
the luminance of the UUT by playing the static IEC 3-bar, black-and-
white image and measuring the instantaneous luminance. As discussed,
ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies measuring the dynamic luminance concurrently
with on mode power consumption in each preset picture setting utilizing
a camera photometer, which provides more representative results
compared to a single instantaneous luminance. As such, in the March
2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the on mode
power consumption and dynamic luminance measurement and remove the
separate luminance test currently specified in section 7.2 of appendix
H. 87 FR 11892, 11909.
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE address the significantly reduced
dynamic luminance values measured using the camera photometer method
compared to the current Federal test method's spot measurements. The CA
IOUs also recommended that DOE include luminance measurement using both
dynamic test clips and the existing 3-bar black-and-white test pattern,
stating that it is a better representation of peak luminance. (CA IOUs,
No. 19 at p. 4)
DOE is aware that the dynamic luminance values are lower than the
values measured by the instantaneous 3-bar luminance method. This is
because dynamic luminance measures the luminance of the TV screen when
playing the test clips, which includes many different scenes with
movement and images that include a wide range of different colors.
Whereas, the static 3-bar image displays a static pattern of pure white
and pure black bars, and screen luminance at the location of the pure
white bar is measured. The luminance of the static 3-bar image is
generally greater than the dynamic luminance measurement because pure
white has the highest luminance compared to any other color. However,
during representative consumer use, TV screens do not display a static,
pure-white image. Therefore, even though the dynamic luminance values
are lower, this measurement is more representative of consumer use.
Furthermore, the dynamic luminance yields a measurement of power
consumption that directly corresponds to the luminance of the screen
during the test. For these reasons, DOE is specifying that dynamic
luminance be measured concurrently with on mode power consumption in
lieu of performing a separate static luminance measurement test using
the static 3-bar image.
For the reasons discussed here and, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE is
finalizing the removal of the luminance test specified in appendix H
and referencing ANSI/CTA-2037-D for on mode power consumption and
dynamic luminance measurement.
3. Standby Mode Test
Section 7.3 of appendix H specifies the procedures for measuring
the power consumption of TVs in standby mode, which encompasses
standby-passive mode and standby-active, low mode.
For conducting these tests, appendix H specifies using the
methodology prescribed in section 5.3.1 of IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0, which
states that standby mode power consumption shall be determined using
one of three methods--sampling method, average reading method, or
direct meter reading method. Specifically, IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 specifies
that the UUT must be energized for not less than 15 minutes; data
recorded in the second two-thirds of the total test duration is used to
determine stability. For input powers less than or equal to 1 watt,
stability is established when a linear regression through all power
readings for the second two-thirds of the data has a slope of less than
10 milli-watts per hour (``mW/h''); for input powers of more than 1
watt, stability is established when a linear regression through all
power readings for the second two-thirds of the data has a slope of
less than 1 percent of the measured input power per hour. The test
duration is extended up to a maximum of 3 hours until the stability
criteria are met. If stability cannot be achieved within 3 hours, IEC
62301 Ed. 2.0 specifies assessing the raw data for periodic or cyclic
patterns to meet different criteria specific to cyclic or irregular
power consumption patterns. IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 also specifies additional
requirements for different scenarios, such as modes with cycle, non-
cyclic, unstable, or irregular power consumption.
Section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the procedures for
performing the standby mode test. As part of the overall setup and
configuration requirements, the UUT is connected to WAN, and up to
three devices (i.e., smart speaker, mobile device, and network traffic
generator) are connected to the same LAN, as discussed previously in
section III.G.6 of this document. Section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies that the standby-active and standby-passive measurements
shall be conducted by powering down the UUT from the SDR default preset
picture setting configuration. After the UUT is powered down, power
consumption is measured at intervals of 1 second or shorter, and the
test concludes when the cumulative average of all data points taken in
the last third of the measurement period falls within 1
percent or 10 milliwatts (``mW'') of the average of the
last two-thirds of the total measurement period. The total measurement
period cannot be less than 60 minutes nor greater than 240 minutes. The
standby power measurement is the average power reading during the last
two-thirds of the total measurement period. If a UUT does not meet the
stability criteria at the end of 240 minutes, ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies
reviewing the power trace for any signs of unusual behavior, such as an
automatic update, and requires repeating the test if atypical behavior
was observed. Depending on the network capabilities of the UUT, the
measurement performed during the standby test is recorded as either a
standby-active mode \19\ measurement or a standby-passive mode \20\
measurement.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\19\ Section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C defines standby-active mode
as a partial on mode power mode in which the UUT is connected to an
external power source and does not provide picture or sound. The UUT
can be switched into another power mode with the remote control
unit, an internal signal, or an external signal.
\20\ Section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C defines standby-passive mode
as a partial on mode power mode in which the UUT is connected to an
external power source and does not provide picture or sound. The UUT
can be switched into another power mode with the remote control unit
or an internal signal, but not with an external signal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accompanying the standby mode test, section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
additionally requires a series of ``wake'' commands to be sent from the
specified networking devices to the TV to verify that the TV is
properly connected to the LAN and properly configured to communicate
with other devices on the network. Section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C
specifies how to wake the TV using three possible wake commands: WbRA,
WoC, or WbS. To start the test, the UUT is first powered down for 5
seconds and then powered on via one of the three wake commands
according to the following hierarchy: WbS if available, otherwise WoC,
otherwise WbRA (hereafter referred to as the ``5-second check test'').
The standby test is then performed, as described in the previous
paragraph. Subsequently, at the end of the standby mode test, the TV
must be woken using the same hierarchy as was used during the initial
5-second check test.
[[Page 16102]]
As discussed in the March 2022 NOPR, the CTA working group was
considering certain revisions to the test method for measuring power
consumption in standby mode. The following paragraph enumerates the
revisions that were under consideration by the working group for the
standby mode test. 87 FR 11892, 11910.
First, the CTA working group was considering removing the
requirement that the UUT must be woken using the smart wake devices at
the end of the standby mode test. Instead, the 5-second check test is
performed only once when the UUT is first powered down for 5 seconds.
If any or all of the configured smart wake features fail the 5-second
check test, then they must remain configured for the duration of the
test. Additionally, the working group was considering three different
parameters to record the standby mode power consumption, depending on
the level of functionality provided by the UUT in standby mode. For
UUTs with at least one smart wake feature enabled, the power
consumption is recorded as ``partial on mode with smart wake enabled.''
For UUTs with no advertised or enabled smart wake features, the power
consumption is recorded as ``partial on mode power with internet
connection'' and for non-internet connected UUTs, the power consumption
is recorded as ``partial on mode power without internet connection.''
Finally, the working group was considering removing the wake time test
provisions since this measurement is not repeatable because it is
dependent on how the TV is woken. Id. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
stated its concerns that if a TV cannot be consistently woken at the
end of the standby mode test, the measurement would not be
representative of real-world use. Id.
Overall, DOE noted in the March 2022 NOPR that in some instances,
neither the standby mode measurement nor the wake test was repeatable.
Lacking additional data, DOE proposed to reference the requirement
specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C, which specifies that the wake test must
be performed at the end of the standby mode measurement. Id.
Specifically, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to reference
section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for the instructions to wake the UUT
from standby mode using network connected devices, and section 11.2 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-C to conduct the standby mode test. Specifically, DOE
proposed that at the end of the standby mode test, the UUT must be
woken using the smart wake features (as is specified in section 9.11 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-C) in the following order of preference: WbS, WoC, and
WbRA. If the UUT can be powered on using any one of these methods, its
standby mode power should be recorded as ``standby power with smart
wake enabled.'' However, if the UUT cannot be powered on using any of
the three specified methods either during the 5-second check test or at
the end of the standby mode test, the measured standby mode power
consumption would be recorded as ``standby power with internet
connection and without smart wake enabled.'' Id.
Similarly, DOE proposed that if the UUT was powered on during the
5-second check test but is unable to be powered on via any of the
network connected devices at the end of the standby mode test, the
measured power consumption would be recorded as ``standby power with
internet connection and without smart wake enabled.'' Additionally, TVs
that do not have network capability would be required to record the
measured standby power consumption as standby-passive mode measurement.
Id.
Additionally, section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies that if a
UUT does not meet the stability criteria at the end of the 240-minute
measurement period, the tester should review the logged data for any
signs of unusual behavior--like that associated with the TV performing
an automatic update--and redo the test if atypical behavior was
observed. Id. at 87 FR 11910-11911. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C did not provide instruction for
how to proceed if review of the logged data does not show any signs of
unusual behavior. Id. at 87 FR 11911.
DOE additionally stated in the March 2022 NOPR that, during
testing, it had observed that some TVs do not meet the stability
criteria after 240 minutes despite not exhibiting any unusual behavior.
To accommodate TVs that do not achieve stability after the end of
the specified 240-minute measurement period, DOE proposed in the March
2022 NOPR that the stability requirement be waived if the full 240
minutes conclude without meeting the stability criteria. In such cases,
DOE proposed that the average power during the last two-thirds of the
measurement period would be recorded as the standby-active mode
measurement. Id.
Finally, section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C includes instruction to
measure the wake time when performing the wake procedure following
completion of the standby mode test. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE noted
that the CTA working group was evaluating whether the wake time test
should be eliminated from ANSI/CTA-2037-D. DOE proposed to exclude the
measurement of wake time from the DOE test procedure, because DOE
tentatively concluded that ``wake time'' is a performance-related
feature that does not impact the energy consumption of the UUT. Id.
DOE requested comment on several topics pertaining to the standby
mode test requirements in the March 2022 NOPR. DOE requested
stakeholders to provide any additional data and information regarding
the repeatability of the standby mode test when connected to smart wake
functions, the ability to consistently wake the UUT using smart wake
functionality, and the representativeness of the standby mode test, if
a wake test is not included at the end of the standby mode duration.
Id. at 87 FR 11910.
DOE also requested comment on its proposal to reference section
11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C to measure the power consumption in standby
mode with some additional specifications. DOE also requested comment on
its proposal to reference section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-C for
conducting the wake tests at the completion of standby mode.
Additionally, DOE requested comment on the revisions that are under
consideration for the standby mode test by the CTA working group. Id.
DOE also requested comment on whether it is appropriate to
differentiate the standby mode power consumption of TVs that can be
powered on using any of the three specified methods versus those that
cannot be powered on using the smart wake features. DOE also requested
comment on whether there would be any benefit to differentiating
between the power consumption of such TVs. DOE requested comment on
whether the parameters ``standby smart wake'' and ``standby internet''
are appropriate or if it should consider other parameters, such as
``standby-active, high'' and ``standby-active, low,'' respectively. Id.
Finally, for TVs that do not meet the stability criteria of the
standby mode measurement, DOE requested comment on measuring power
consumption for 240 minutes and using the average power consumption
over the last two-thirds of the measurement period as the standby-
active mode measurement. Id. at 87 FR 11911.
In the NOPR public meeting, NEEA and PCL presented standby mode
test data to support reducing the standby mode test time. Specifically,
NEEA and PCL presented data showing that most TVs achieved stability
within 40
[[Page 16103]]
minutes and recommended reducing the minimum test time from 60 minutes
to 40 minutes. (Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 61-63) NEEA and
PCL additionally agreed with DOE's proposal to not retest a unit if it
does not meet the stability criteria at the end of the 240-minute test
duration. (Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 64)
In response to the March 2022 NOPR, ASAP et al. encouraged DOE to
monitor standby testing results to ensure that standby power
measurements are both repeatable and representative and encouraged DOE
to consider any necessary modifications to the standby testing methods
as part of a future rulemaking. (ASAP et al., No. 18 at p. 2) ComEd and
NEEA stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-D addresses the significant increase in
energy consumption driven by smart wake features and, therefore,
supported the adoption of ANSI/CTA-2037-D in the DOE test method.
(ComEd and NEEA, No. 20 at p. 2)
CTA et al. stated they are not aware of any issues related to the
repeatability of the standby mode test when connected to smart wake
functions, the ability to consistently wake the UUT using smart wake
functionality, or the representativeness of the standby mode test when
a wake test is not included at the end of the standby mode duration.
(CTA et al., No. 21 at pp. 15-16)
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the test procedure for
measuring standby power described in section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
CTA et al. stated that DOE should not require that wake tests be
conducted at the completion of standby mode tests because the quick
start test specified in section 9.11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D runs a wake
time test and this test is completed before standby mode and on mode
testing because quick start is configured for these tests. (Id. at p.
16)
CTA et al. recommended that DOE adopt ANSI/CTA-2037-D, including
the revisions made to the standby mode test. CTA et al. also stated
that these revisions shorten the minimum test period and widen the
tolerance used to determine if standby power consumption is stable.
(Id.) CTA et al. additionally commented that DOE should adopt the
requirement in Annex B of ANSI/CTA-2037-D that the smart wake
capability of the TV be reported along with its standby power,
asserting that this would help consumers compare between TVs. CTA et
al. commented that DOE should include the parameters specified in ANSI/
CTA-2037-D to define the measured standby power. These include
``standby with smart wake enabled,'' ``standby with internet
connection,'' or ``standby without internet connection.'' (Id.)
CTA et al. also commented that using the average power consumption
of the last two-thirds of the measurement period in cases where the
required stability was not achieved is appropriate but that at the time
of filing comments, the CTA working group had not yet addressed this
topic. (Id. at pp. 16-17)
ComEd and NEEA agreed with the exclusion of the wake time test
because, according to ComEd and NEEA, the test is problematic, time
consuming, and could yield misleading results. (ComEd and NEEA, No. 20
at p. 4).
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE include a wake time measurement as
specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-C to encourage consumer adoption of smart
wake features. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 4)
Section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies some updates to conduct
the standby mode measurement compared to section 11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-
C. As noted by CTA et al., ANSI/CTA-2037-D widens the tolerance to
determine if standby power consumption is stable from 1
percent or 10 mW to 1 percent or
50 mW, whichever is greater. Given that the measured standby mode power
consumption of many TVs is 1 watt or less, DOE does not expect this
change to significantly impact measured results; additionally, it is
likely to reduce test burden for units that have generally stable
standby mode power consumption.
Further, ANSI/CTA-2037-D reduces the shortest total measurement
period from 60 minutes to 40 minutes, as recommended by NEEA and PCL
during the NOPR public meeting and by CTA et al. in its comments. This
requirement does not change the measured standby power; rather, it only
reduces the test duration for TVs that achieve stability prior to 60
minutes, thereby reducing test burden.
Additionally, ANSI/CTA-2037-D aligns with DOE's proposal in the
March 2022 NOPR to not retest a unit if it does not achieve the
specified stability requirements at the end of the standby mode test.
Specifically, ANSI/CTA-2307-D specifies that if the stability criteria
is not achieved at 240 minutes, which is the end of the standby mode
measurement period, then the data collected shall be used for
determining average power, as if the UUT had met the stability criteria
at the 240th minute. In this final rule, DOE is adopting section 11.2
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the standby mode test conduct.
Similar to ANSI/CTA-2037, accompanying the standby mode test,
section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies the smart wake functionality
that must be configured during both on mode and standby mode tests.
While the general smart wake configuration requirements between ANSI/
CTA-2037-C and ANSI/CTA-2037-D are the same, ANSI/CTA-2037-D removes
the wake test at the end of the standby mode test, which DOE had
proposed to include in the March 2022 NOPR. However, as discussed in
section III.G.6 of this document, section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
explains that testers should confirm that they understand how to
configure smart wake features to persist throughout the entire standby
mode test period for all UUT brands or platforms that are tested. The
requirements in section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D generally ensure that
testing is conducted in the same environment as that specified in ANSI/
CTA-2037-C.
Additionally, as proposed in the March 2022 NOPR, ANSI/CTA-2037-D
specifies three different parameters to record standby mode power
consumption, depending on the level of functionality provided by the
UUT in standby mode. For UUTs with at least one advertised smart wake
feature, the power consumption is recorded as ``standby with smart wake
enabled.'' This label is even used for those TVs that may not be able
to wake using smart wake features because, as discussed in section 9.9
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, this connection is maintained during both on mode
and standby mode. For UUTs with no advertised or enabled smart wake
features, the power consumption is recorded as ``standby with internet
connection'' and for non-internet connected UUTs, the power consumption
is recorded as ``standby without internet connection.'' In this final
rule, DOE is adopting section 9.9 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D for the smart wake
features configuration and setup.
Finally, ANSI/CTA-2037-D does not include the wake time test. DOE
is also not including the wake time test in this final rule because
``wake time'' is a performance related feature that does not impact the
energy consumption of the UUT.
Although ANSI/CTA-2037-D does not reference IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0, the
standby power measurement procedure is consistent with the method
outlined in section 5.3 of IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0, with the stability
requirements adjusted specifically for TVs and an additional
specification for minimum and maximum test duration based on expected
TV behavior. Accordingly, DOE has determined that the standby power
test method specified in ANSI/CTA-2037-D is consistent with EPCA's
[[Page 16104]]
requirement under 42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A) which specifies that DOE
must consider the most current versions of IEC 62301 and IEC 62087 for
the standby power requirements. Therefore, in this final rule DOE
amends the standby mode requirements in appendix H to sections 9.9 and
11.2 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
4. Off Mode Test
Section 7.4 of appendix H references IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 for
measuring the off mode power consumption of TVs. In the March 2022
NOPR, DOE stated that while ANSI/CTA-2037-C specifies the same
methodology to measure off mode power consumption as that specified for
standby mode, the CTA working group was considering removing the off
mode test. 87 FR 11892, 11911.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed removing the existing off mode
test specified in appendix H because TVs generally do not have an off
mode that is distinct from standby mode. Id. DOE noted that even when a
TV is powered off using a remote, it typically has some functionality
operational to be able to receive a signal from the remote control or
other device to turn back on, which meets the definition of standby
mode rather than off mode. Id. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested
comment on its proposal to remove the off mode test from appendix H.
CTA et al. agreed that an off mode test was not necessary and
stated that ANSI/CTA-2037-D does not include such a test. (CTA et al.,
No. 21 at p. 17)
For the reasons discussed here and, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE is
removing the off mode test from appendix H.
I. Calculation of Annual Energy Consumption
Section 8 of appendix H specifies the calculation and rounding
requirements for AEC using the on and standby mode power consumption
measurements. ANSI/CTA-2037-C does not contain an equivalent section
for the calculation of AEC. Therefore, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed to retain the current AEC calculation requirements in appendix
H but proposed certain modifications consistent with the proposed
amendments to the on mode, standby mode, and off mode tests. 87 FR
11892, 11911.
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed that the average on mode power
consumption be calculated as the average of the on mode power in the
three preset picture settings: SDR default, SDR brightest, and HDR10
default. If ABC is enabled for the SDR or HDR10 default preset picture
settings, the power consumption at each of the four room illuminance
levels would be used to determine the average power consumption of the
preset picture setting. The equations below detail the calculation of
on mode power consumption and AEC proposed in the March 2022 NOPR. The
calculation of AEC is different from the current calculation in
appendix H primarily in the value used for POn. Given that
appendix H specifies testing only the default preset picture setting in
on mode, POn reflects the average power consumption in that
default preset picture setting. However, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE
proposed testing three preset picture settings for on mode power
consumption; therefore, POn would be the average of the
power consumption in the tested preset picture settings. Id.
Pon = (PDefault +PBrightest
+PHDR10)/3
Where:
PDefault = the measured average power consumption in the
default SDR preset picture setting, if ABC is disabled
Or
PDefault = (PDefault_140 +
PDefault_50 + PDefault_17 +
PDefault_4)/4
if ABC is enabled by default in the default SDR preset picture setting
and, PDefault_140, PDefault_50,
PDefault_17, and PDefault_4 are the average power
consumption values at room illuminance levels of 140, 50, 17, and 4
lux, respectively
PBrightest = the measured average power consumption in the
brightest SDR preset picture setting
PHDR10 = the measured average power consumption in the
default HDR10 preset picture setting, if ABC is disabled
Or
PHDR10 = (PHDR10_140 + PHDR10_50 +
PHDR10_17 + PHDR10_4)/4
if ABC is enabled by default in the default HDR10 preset picture
setting and, PHDR10_140, PHDR10_50,
PHDR10_17, and PHDR10_4 are the average power
consumption values at room illuminance levels of 140, 50, 17, and 4
lux, respectively
For standby mode, DOE proposed to retain the same hours per day
spent in standby mode, but instead of standby-active and standby-
passive, as currently specified in appendix H, DOE proposed to use
standby power with smart wake, standby power with internet connection,
and standby-passive, corresponding to the parameters DOE proposed in
the March 2022 NOPR. Id. DOE chose to use these parameters because
standby-active does not encompass the multiple different standby states
that modern TVs have.
Additionally, in the March 2022 NOPR, DOE proposed to retain the
AEC equation currently specified in appendix H but to remove the off
mode parameter. Given that the current AEC equation assigns 0 hours to
off mode, DOE proposed to retain the same weighting factors for on and
standby modes.
The AEC equation proposed in the March 2022 NOPR is presented
below:
AEC = 365 * (Pon * Hon +
Pstandby_smart_wake * Hstandby_smart_wake +
Pstandby_internet * Hstandby_internet +
Pstandby_passive * Hstandby_passive)/1000
Where:
Pm = power measured in a given mode m (in watts)
Hm = hours per day spent in mode m
365 = conversion factor from daily to yearly
1000 = conversion factor from watts to kilowatts
And values for Hm are as specified in Table III.2. Id.
Table III.2--Hourly Weightings
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hon Hstandby_smart_wake Hstandby_internet Hstandby_passive
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standby smart wake................................................ 5 19 0 0
Standby internet.................................................. 5 0 19 0
Standby-passive................................................... 5 0 0 19
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the NOPR public meeting, DOE additionally clarified that it
proposed to include similar equations for calculating average dynamic
luminance as the equations for calculating on mode power consumption.
(Public Meeting Transcript, No. 16 at p. 47) DOE additionally clarified
that the on mode power consumption is an average of the
[[Page 16105]]
power consumption values for the tested preset picture settings. That
is, if a TV does not support HDR10 and is not tested in the HDR10
default preset picture setting, then the on mode power consumption
would be the average of the default and brightest preset picture
settings. (Id. at p. 32)
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE requested comment on its proposed
calculations for the average on mode power consumption and AEC. 87 FR
11892, 11912.
The CA IOUs recommended that DOE consider adopting a weighted
luminous efficacy metric to show consumers how efficiently a TV
converts power into luminance. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 2; Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 16 at p. 45) The CA IOUs also recommended a weighted
average for the on mode power consumption and provided data from a
market survey of 100 California residents that showed that 26 percent
of TV operating hours were in the standard preset picture setting and
48 percent of TV operating hours were in the non-standard preset
picture setting (i.e., vivid/dynamic, natural, game, custom/calibrated/
user, other), which usually have brighter displays.\21\ Based on a
market survey they conducted, the CA IOUs recommended setting the
weight factors for luminance efficacy at 25 percent for standard preset
picture setting, 50 percent for brightest preset picture setting, and
25 percent for HDR preset picture setting. (CA IOUs, No. 19 at p. 2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\21\ It is DOE's understanding that ``standard preset picture
setting'' refers to the default preset picture setting and ``non-
standard preset picture setting'' refers to all other preset picture
settings on the TV.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CTA et al. commented that DOE should adopt the requirement in Annex
B of ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which specifies the same AEC calculation as that
provided in the March 2022 NOPR. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 17)
In this final rule, DOE has determined not to specify a luminous
efficacy metric. DOE has determined that a luminous efficacy metric
would not easily accommodate the combining of on mode power consumption
and standby mode power consumption into a single integrated metric, as
required by EPCA if technically feasible. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A))
Additionally, use of a luminous efficacy metric may not encourage the
use of ABC, which reduces power consumption during representative
consumer use, because the luminous efficacy of a TV with or without ABC
enabled would likely be the same. This could have the unintended
consequence of increasing overall TV energy consumption. Accordingly,
DOE is specifying an AEC metric and dynamic luminance metric, as
discussed.
Additionally, DOE is specifying a simple average to calculate on
mode power consumption as opposed to a weighted average, as recommended
by the CA IOUs. At this time, it is not explicitly clear if the non-
default preset picture settings specified by the CA IOUs do in fact
consume more power compared to the default preset picture setting
(which the brightest preset picture setting is expected to do). In the
absence of any additional data regarding power consumption of the non-
default SDR preset picture settings as well as consumer usage of HDR10
preset picture settings, DOE is adopting the simple average calculation
for on mode power consumption and dynamic luminance.
Finally, as noted by CTA et al., Annex A \22\ of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
includes the same equations to calculate average on mode power
consumption and AEC as those proposed by DOE in the March 2022 NOPR.
Additionally, Annex A of ANSI/CTA-2037-D includes an equation to
calculate dynamic luminance, which is the same equation as that
specified to calculate average on mode power consumption using dynamic
luminance values for each preset picture setting.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\22\ While CTA et al. referenced Annex B in its comments, the
calculations are specified in Annex A of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In this final rule, DOE amends the AEC calculation in appendix H,
to reference Annex A of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
J. Updates to the Regulatory Text at Appendix H
In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE's proposed amendments to appendix H in
the CFR referenced ANSI/CTA-2037-C while retaining the overall
structure and headings from the current appendix H. 87 FR 11892, 11919-
11921.
CTA et al. recommended that DOE delete appendix H and revise 10 CFR
430.23 to reference only ANSI/CTA-2037-D. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 6)
CTA et al. also commented that DOE should include section 6 of ANSI/
CTA-2037D and the introductory texts in the relevant sections of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D. (CTA et al., No. 21 at p. 8)
As discussed in the preceding sections, DOE is amending appendix H
to replace the current regulatory text and reference the relevant
sections of ANSI/CTA-2037-D in its place. Accordingly, in this final
rule, DOE is modifying the overall structure of appendix H to simplify
the references to ANSI/CTA-2037-D and to better match the structure of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D. Additionally, because ANSI/CTA-2037-D does not
explicitly specify the rounding requirements for standby mode power
consumption and dynamic luminance, DOE is specifying these requirements
in section 4 of appendix H.
K. Test Procedure Costs
In this final rule, DOE amends the existing test procedure for TVs
by referencing ANSI/CTA-2037-D to measure on mode dynamic screen
luminance and power consumption as well as standby mode power
consumption. ANSI/CTA-2037-D has several differences in testing TVs
compared to the current test method at appendix H. Key differences
include testing three preset picture settings as opposed to a single
default picture setting; measuring dynamic screen luminance over the
entire duration of the test clip using a camera photometer at the same
time as on mode power consumption measurement; using an LED lamp setup
at an angle of 45[deg] for testing TVs with ABC enabled by default;
and, testing on and standby mode with an active internet connection
(i.e., WAN) and additionally connecting the TV to other devices on LAN
to wake the TV from standby mode to on mode.
EPCA requires that test procedures proposed by DOE not be unduly
burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3)) The following sections
discuss DOE's evaluation of estimated costs associated with the
amendments.
Given the new equipment, setup, and testing requirements specified
in ANSI/CTA-2037-D, DOE estimated that TV testing would have a one-time
equipment investment cost, a one-time re-testing cost, and additional
annual testing costs for the TVs covered by the amended test procedure.
To determine the potential costs manufacturers would incur due to
the amended test procedure, DOE used data from DOE's publicly available
Compliance Certification Database (``CCD'') to estimate the number of
unique basic models that are currently covered by the existing DOE test
procedure. Based on data from DOE's CCD,\23\ DOE estimated there are
approximately 4,285 unique basic models currently on the market. DOE
also estimated the amount of time it would take manufacturers to test a
single TV unit to the amended test
[[Page 16106]]
procedure, as well as the amount of time it currently takes
manufacturers to test a single TV unit to the existing DOE test
procedure. In the March 2022 NOPR, DOE estimated that the existing DOE
test procedure requires an average of 2.9 hours to conduct (ranging
from 2.6 to 3.1 hours, depending on the specific features of the TV),
whereas the proposed test procedure, which referenced ANSI/CTA-2037-C,
would require an average of 4.4 hours to conduct (ranging from 3.3 to
5.3 hours). 87 FR 11892, 11912
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\23\ U.S. Department of Energy's Compliance Certification
Database. Television Sets. See https://www.regulations.doe.gov/certification-data/CCMS-4-Television_Sets.html#q=Product_Group_s%3A%22Television%20Sets%22.
Last accessed on November 11, 2022.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In response to the March 2022 NOPR, CTA et al. commented that,
compared to the existing method for measuring TV power consumption,
ANSI/CTA-2037-D requires new equipment and more time for conducting the
test. CTA et al. also commented they have not found the changes to be
unduly burdensome, especially given that ANSI/CTA-2037-D reasonably and
more accurately reflects modern TV products and their energy use. (CTA
et al., No. 21 at p. 17)
The amended test procedure references ANSI/CTA-2037-D, which is
largely the same as ANSI/CTA-2037-C that was proposed in the March 2022
NOPR. ANSI/CTA-2037-D specifies a 1-minute stabilization period for on
mode ABC testing, which would increase test duration. However, ANSI/
CTA-2037-D also eliminates the wake time test and decreases the minimum
standby test duration compared to ANSI/CTA-2037-C. These updates are
expected to, on balance, not substantively alter the overall test
duration compared to the estimates provided in the March 2022 NOPR.
Accordingly, DOE's test procedure cost estimates for this amended test
procedure are the same as those initially estimated in the March 2022
NOPR, updated to reflect current wages and rates, as well as additional
models from the CCD.
Based on data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' (``BLS's'')
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, the mean hourly wage for
an electronics technician is $33.21.\24\ Additionally, DOE used data
from BLS's Employer Costs for Employee Compensation to estimate the
percentage that wages comprise of the total compensation for an
employee. DOE estimated that wages make up 70.5 percent of the total
compensation for private industry employees.\25\ Therefore, DOE
estimated that the total hourly compensation (including all fringe
benefits) of a technician performing the testing is $47.11.\26\ Using
these labor rates and time estimates, DOE estimated that it would cost
TV manufacturers on average approximately $205.87 to conduct a single
test on a TV unit in accordance with the amended test procedure.\27\
DOE estimated that this is, on average, approximately $70.19 more than
TV manufacturers are incurring to conduct a single test on a TV in
accordance with the existing DOE test procedure.\28\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\24\ DOE used the mean hourly wage of the ``17-3023 Electrical
and Electronic Engineering Technologists and Technicians'' from the
most recent BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (May
2021) to estimate the hourly wage rate of a technician assumed to
perform this testing. See www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes173023.htm.
Last accessed on November 10, 2022.
\25\ DOE used the June 2022 ``Employer Costs for Employee
Compensation'' to estimate that for ``Private Industry Workers,''
``Wages and Salaries'' are 70.5 percent of the total employee
compensation. See www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/ecec.pdf. Last
accessed on November 10, 2022.
\26\ $33.21 / 0.705 = $47.11.
\27\ 4.37 hours x $47.11 = $205.87.
\28\ $205.87 - (2.88 hours x $47.11) = $70.19.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TV manufacturers are required to test at least two units per basic
model. Therefore, DOE estimates that it would cost manufacturers
approximately $411.64 per basic model to test in accordance with the
amended test procedure, which is on average approximately $140.38 more
per basic model than TV manufacturers are currently incurring to test a
TV basic model.
In addition to these testing costs, DOE assumed that manufacturers
would need to purchase camera photometers to conduct the amended test
procedure. DOE estimated that a camera photometer costs approximately
$10,000.
The burden associated with amending appendix H to reference ANSI/
CTA-2037-D is necessary in order to update the test procedure to the
industry standard, which measures both power and luminance
simultaneously while connected to a representative network.
In this final rule, DOE finalizes its determination that the
changes in test duration and cost due to the amendments adopted in the
final rule are not unduly burdensome.
L. Effective and Compliance Dates
The effective date for the adopted test procedure amendment will be
30 days after publication of this final rule in the Federal Register.
EPCA prescribes that, if DOE amends a test procedure, all
representations of energy efficiency and energy use, including those
made on marketing materials and product labels, must be made in
accordance with that amended test procedure, beginning 180 days after
publication of such a test procedure final rule in the Federal
Register. (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2))
EPCA provides an allowance for individual manufacturers to petition
DOE for an extension of the 180-day period if the manufacturer may
experience undue hardship in meeting the deadline. (42 U.S.C.
6293(c)(3)) To receive such an extension, petitions must be filed with
DOE no later than 60 days before the end of the 180-day period and must
detail how the manufacturer will experience undue hardship. (Id.)
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
A. Review Under Executive Orders 12866 and 13563
Executive Order (``E.O.'') 12866, ``Regulatory Planning and
Review,'' as supplemented and reaffirmed by E.O. 13563, ``Improving
Regulation and Regulatory Review, 76 FR 3821 (Jan. 21, 2011), requires
agencies, to the extent permitted by law, to (1) propose or adopt a
regulation only upon a reasoned determination that its benefits justify
its costs (recognizing that some benefits and costs are difficult to
quantify); (2) tailor regulations to impose the least burden on
society, consistent with obtaining regulatory objectives, taking into
account, among other things, and to the extent practicable, the costs
of cumulative regulations; (3) select, in choosing among alternative
regulatory approaches, those approaches that maximize net benefits
(including potential economic, environmental, public health and safety,
and other advantages; distributive impacts; and equity); (4) to the
extent feasible, specify performance objectives, rather than specifying
the behavior or manner of compliance that regulated entities must
adopt; and (5) identify and assess available alternatives to direct
regulation, including providing economic incentives to encourage the
desired behavior, such as user fees or marketable permits, or providing
information upon which choices can be made by the public. DOE
emphasizes as well that E.O. 13563 requires agencies to use the best
available techniques to quantify anticipated present and future
benefits and costs as accurately as possible. In its guidance, the
Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (``OIRA'') in the Office
of Management and Budget (``OMB'') has emphasized that such techniques
may include identifying changing future compliance costs that might
result from technological innovation or anticipated behavioral changes.
For the reasons stated in the preamble, this final
[[Page 16107]]
regulatory action is consistent with these principles.
Section 6(a) of E.O. 12866 also requires agencies to submit
``significant regulatory actions'' to OIRA for review. OIRA has
determined that this final regulatory action does not constitute a
``significant regulatory action'' under section 3(f) of E.O. 12866.
Accordingly, this action was not submitted to OIRA for review under
E.O. 12866.
B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires
preparation of a final regulatory flexibility analysis (``FRFA'') for
any final rule where the agency was first required by law to publish a
proposed rule for public comment, unless the agency certifies that the
rule, if promulgated, will not have a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities. As required by Executive Order
13272, ``Proper Consideration of Small Entities in Agency Rulemaking,''
67 FR 53461 (Aug. 16, 2002), DOE published procedures and policies on
February 19, 2003, to ensure that the potential impacts of its rules on
small entities are properly considered during the DOE rulemaking
process. 68 FR 7990. DOE has made its procedures and policies available
on the Office of the General Counsel's website: www.energy.gov/gc/office-general-counsel. DOE reviewed this final rule under the
provisions of the Regulatory Flexibility Act and the procedures and
policies published on February 19, 2003.
DOE has recently conducted a focused inquiry into small business
manufacturers of the products covered by this rulemaking. For
manufacturers of TVs, the Small Business Administration (``SBA'') has
set a size threshold, which defines those entities classified as
``small businesses'' for the purposes of the statute. DOE used the
SBA's small business size standards to determine whether any small
entities would be subject to the requirements of the rule. (See 13 CFR
part 121.) The size standards are listed by North American Industry
Classification System (``NAICS'') code and industry description and are
available at www.sba.gov/document/support--table-size-standards.
Manufacturing TVs is classified under NAICS 334220, ``radio and
television broadcasting and wireless communications equipment
manufacturing.'' The SBA sets a threshold of 1,250 employees or fewer
for an entity to be considered as a small business for this category.
DOE used available public information to identify potential small
manufacturers. DOE accessed the Compliance Certification Database \29\
to create a list of companies that import or otherwise manufacture the
products covered by this proposal. DOE identified 33 unique companies
that manufacture TVs sold in the domestic market. DOE screened out
companies that do not meet the SBA definition of a small business and
also those that are entirely or largely foreign-owned and operated. All
33 companies have more than 1,250 employees or are owned and operated
outside the United States.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\29\ U.S. Department of Energy Compliance Certification
Management System, available at www.regulations.doe.gov/ccms.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Therefore, DOE concludes that the cost effects accruing from the
final rule would not have a ``significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities,'' and that the preparation of a
FRFA is not warranted. DOE has submitted a certification and supporting
statement of factual basis to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the
Small Business Administration for review under 5 U.S.C. 605(b).
C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
Manufacturers of TVs must certify to DOE that their products comply
with any applicable energy conservation standards. To certify
compliance, manufacturers must first obtain test data for their
products according to the DOE test procedures, including any amendments
adopted for those test procedures. DOE has established regulations for
the certification and recordkeeping requirements for all covered
consumer products and commercial equipment, including TVs. (See
generally 10 CFR part 429.) The collection-of-information requirement
for the certification and recordkeeping is subject to review and
approval by OMB under the Paperwork Reduction Act (``PRA''). This
requirement has been approved by OMB under OMB control number 1910-
1400. Public reporting burden for the certification is estimated to
average 35 hours per response, including the time for reviewing
instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information.
There is currently no energy conservation standard for TVs. As
such, the amended test procedure adopted by this final rule does not
establish a reporting requirement. In the event that DOE proposes an
energy conservation standard for TVs with which manufacturers must
demonstrate compliance, DOE will seek OMB approval of the associated
information collection requirement. DOE will seek approval either
through a proposed amendment to the information collection requirement
approved under OMB control number 1910-1400 or as a separate proposed
information collection requirement.
Notwithstanding any other provision of the law, no person is
required to respond to, nor shall any person be subject to a penalty
for failure to comply with, a collection of information subject to the
requirements of the PRA, unless that collection of information displays
a currently valid OMB Control Number.
D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
In this final rule, DOE establishes test procedure amendments that
it expects will be used to develop and implement future energy
conservation standards for TVs. DOE has determined that this rule falls
into a class of actions that are categorically excluded from review
under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et
seq.) and DOE's implementing regulations at 10 CFR part 1021.
Specifically, DOE has determined that adopting test procedures for
measuring energy efficiency of consumer products and industrial
equipment is consistent with activities identified in 10 CFR part 1021,
appendix A to subpart D, A5 and A6. Accordingly, neither an
environmental assessment nor an environmental impact statement is
required.
E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
Executive Order 13132, ``Federalism,'' 64 FR 43255 (Aug. 4, 1999),
imposes certain requirements on agencies formulating and implementing
policies or regulations that preempt State law or that have federalism
implications. The Executive order requires agencies to examine the
constitutional and statutory authority supporting any action that would
limit the policymaking discretion of the States and to carefully assess
the necessity for such actions. The Executive order also requires
agencies to have an accountable process to ensure meaningful and timely
input by State and local officials in the development of regulatory
policies that have federalism implications. On March 14, 2000, DOE
published a statement of policy describing the intergovernmental
consultation process it will follow in the development of such
regulations. 65 FR 13735. DOE examined this final rule and determined
that it will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the
relationship between the national government and the States, or on the
[[Page 16108]]
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of
government. EPCA governs and prescribes Federal preemption of State
regulations as to energy conservation for the products that are the
subject of this final rule. States can petition DOE for exemption from
such preemption to the extent, and based on criteria, set forth in
EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6297(d)) No further action is required by Executive
Order 13132.
F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
Regarding the review of existing regulations and the promulgation
of new regulations, section 3(a) of Executive Order 12988, ``Civil
Justice Reform,'' 61 FR 4729 (Feb. 7, 1996), imposes on Federal
agencies the general duty to adhere to the following requirements: (1)
eliminate drafting errors and ambiguity; (2) write regulations to
minimize litigation; (3) provide a clear legal standard for affected
conduct rather than a general standard; and (4) promote simplification
and burden reduction. Section 3(b) of Executive Order 12988
specifically requires that executive agencies make every reasonable
effort to ensure that the regulation (1) clearly specifies the
preemptive effect, if any; (2) clearly specifies any effect on existing
Federal law or regulation; (3) provides a clear legal standard for
affected conduct while promoting simplification and burden reduction;
(4) specifies the retroactive effect, if any; (5) adequately defines
key terms; and (6) addresses other important issues affecting clarity
and general draftsmanship under any guidelines issued by the Attorney
General. Section 3(c) of Executive Order 12988 requires Executive
agencies to review regulations in light of applicable standards in
sections 3(a) and 3(b) to determine whether they are met or it is
unreasonable to meet one or more of them. DOE has completed the
required review and determined that, to the extent permitted by law,
this final rule meets the relevant standards of Executive Order 12988.
G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (``UMRA'')
requires each Federal agency to assess the effects of Federal
regulatory actions on State, local, and Tribal governments and the
private sector. Public Law 104-4, sec. 201 (codified at 2 U.S.C. 1531).
For a regulatory action resulting in a rule that may cause the
expenditure by State, local, and Tribal governments, in the aggregate,
or by the private sector of $100 million or more in any one year
(adjusted annually for inflation), section 202 of UMRA requires a
Federal agency to publish a written statement that estimates the
resulting costs, benefits, and other effects on the national economy.
(2 U.S.C. 1532(a), (b)) The UMRA also requires a Federal agency to
develop an effective process to permit timely input by elected officers
of State, local, and Tribal governments on a proposed ``significant
intergovernmental mandate,'' and requires an agency plan for giving
notice and opportunity for timely input to potentially affected small
governments before establishing any requirements that might
significantly or uniquely affect small governments. On March 18, 1997,
DOE published a statement of policy on its process for
intergovernmental consultation under UMRA. 62 FR 12820; also available
at www.energy.gov/gc/office-general-counsel. DOE examined this final
rule according to UMRA and its statement of policy and determined that
the rule contains neither an intergovernmental mandate, nor a mandate
that may result in the expenditure of $100 million or more in any year,
so these requirements do not apply.
H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act,
1999
Section 654 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations
Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105-277) requires Federal agencies to issue a Family
Policymaking Assessment for any rule that may affect family well-being.
This final rule will not have any impact on the autonomy or integrity
of the family as an institution. Accordingly, DOE has concluded that it
is not necessary to prepare a Family Policymaking Assessment.
I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
DOE has determined, under Executive Order 12630, ``Governmental
Actions and Interference with Constitutionally Protected Property
Rights'' 53 FR 8859 (March 18, 1988), that this regulation will not
result in any takings that might require compensation under the Fifth
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act,
2001
Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations
Act, 2001 (44 U.S.C. 3516 note) provides for agencies to review most
disseminations of information to the public under guidelines
established by each agency pursuant to general guidelines issued by
OMB. OMB's guidelines were published at 67 FR 8452 (Feb. 22, 2002), and
DOE's guidelines were published at 67 FR 62446 (Oct. 7, 2002). Pursuant
to OMB Memorandum M-19-15, Improving Implementation of the Information
Quality Act (April 24, 2019), DOE published updated guidelines which
are available at www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/12/f70/DOE%20Final%20Updated%20IQA%20Guidelines%20Dec%202019.pdf. DOE has
reviewed this final rule under the OMB and DOE guidelines and has
concluded that it is consistent with applicable policies in those
guidelines.
K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
Executive Order 13211, ``Actions Concerning Regulations That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use,'' 66 FR 28355
(May 22, 2001), requires Federal agencies to prepare and submit to OMB,
a Statement of Energy Effects for any significant energy action. A
``significant energy action'' is defined as any action by an agency
that promulgated or is expected to lead to promulgation of a final
rule, and that (1) is a significant regulatory action under Executive
Order 12866, or any successor order; and (2) is likely to have a
significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of
energy; or (3) is designated by the Administrator of OIRA as a
significant energy action. For any significant energy action, the
agency must give a detailed statement of any adverse effects on energy
supply, distribution, or use if the regulation is implemented, and of
reasonable alternatives to the action and their expected benefits on
energy supply, distribution, and use.
This regulatory action is not a significant regulatory action under
Executive Order 12866. Moreover, it will not have a significant adverse
effect on the supply, distribution, or use of energy, nor has it been
designated as a significant energy action by the Administrator of OIRA.
Therefore, it is not a significant energy action, and, accordingly, DOE
has not prepared a Statement of Energy Effects.
L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of
1974
Under section 301 of the Department of Energy Organization Act
(Pub. L. 95-91; 42 U.S.C. 7101), DOE must comply with section 32 of the
Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974, as amended by the Federal
Energy Administration Authorization Act of 1977. (15 U.S.C. 788;
``FEAA'') Section 32 essentially provides in relevant part that, where
a proposed rule authorizes or requires use of commercial standards, the
notice of
[[Page 16109]]
proposed rulemaking must inform the public of the use and background of
such standards. In addition, section 32(c) requires DOE to consult with
the Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission
(``FTC'') concerning the impact of the commercial or industry standards
on competition.
The modifications to the test procedure for TVs adopted in this
final rule incorporate testing methods contained in certain sections of
the following commercial standard: ANSI/CTA-2037-D. DOE has evaluated
this standard and is unable to conclude whether it fully complies with
the requirements of section 32(b) of the FEAA (i.e., whether it was
developed in a manner that fully provides for public participation,
comment, and review.) DOE has consulted with both the Attorney General
and the Chairman of the FTC about the impact on competition of using
the methods contained in these standards and has received no comments
objecting to their use.
M. Congressional Notification
As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will report to Congress on the
promulgation of this rule before its effective date. The report will
state that it has been determined that the rule is not a ``major rule''
as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
N. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference
ANSI/CTA-2037-D is an industry accepted test standard that measures
on mode and standby mode TV power consumption. Specifically, the test
procedure codified by this final rule references ANSI/CTA-2037-D for
testing the on mode and standby mode of TVs. ANSI/CTA-2037-D is
reasonably available from CTA (www.cta.tech).
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary
The Secretary of Energy has approved publication of this final
rule.
List of Subjects
10 CFR Part 429
Administrative practice and procedure, Energy conservation,
Household appliances, Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Small businesses.
10 CFR Part 430
Administrative practice and procedure, Energy conservation,
Household appliances, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental
relations, Small businesses.
Signing Authority
This document of the Department of Energy was signed on February
21, 2023, by Francisco Alejandro Moreno, Acting Assistant Secretary for
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, pursuant to delegated authority
from the Secretary of Energy. That document with the original signature
and date is maintained by DOE. For administrative purposes only, and in
compliance with requirements of the Office of the Federal Register, the
undersigned DOE Federal Register Liaison Officer has been authorized to
sign and submit the document in electronic format for publication, as
an official document of the Department of Energy. This administrative
process in no way alters the legal effect of this document upon
publication in the Federal Register.
Signed in Washington, DC, on February 22, 2023.
Treena V. Garrett,
Federal Register Liaison Officer, U.S. Department of Energy.
For the reasons stated in the preamble, DOE amends parts 429 and
430 of chapter II of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations as set forth
below:
PART 429--CERTIFICATION, COMPLIANCE, AND ENFORCEMENT FOR CONSUMER
PRODUCTS AND COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
0
1. The authority citation for part 429 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6317; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.
0
2. Amend Sec. 429.25 by revising paragraphs (a)(2)(ii) and
(a)(2)(iii)(A) and (B) to read as follows:
Sec. 429.25 Television sets.
(a) * * *
(2) * * *
(ii) Any represented annual energy consumption of a basic model
shall be determined by applying the AEC calculation in section 4 of
appendix H to subpart B of part 430 of this chapter to the represented
values of power consumption as calculated pursuant to paragraph
(a)(2)(i) of this section.
(iii) * * *
(A) For power consumption in the on and standby modes, the
represented value shall be rounded according to the requirements
specified in sections 4.1 and 4.3 of appendix H to subpart B of part
430 of this chapter.
(B) For annual energy consumption, the represented value shall be
rounded according to the requirements specified in section 3.4 of
appendix H to subpart B of part 430 of this chapter.
* * * * *
PART 430--ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS
0
3. The authority citation for part 430 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6309; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.
0
4. Amend Sec. 430.3 by:
0
a. Redesignating paragraphs (n) through (w) as paragraphs (o) through
(x), respectively;
0
b. Adding new paragraph (n);
0
c. Removing newly redesignated paragraph (q)(5) and redesignating
paragraphs (q)(6) through (10) as paragraphs (q)(5) through (9),
respectively; and
0
d. In newly redesignated paragraph (q)(6), removing the text ``G, H,
I'' and adding in its place ``G, I''.
The addition reads as follows:
Sec. 430.3 Materials incorporated by reference.
* * * * *
(n) CTA. Consumer Technology Association, 1919 S. Eads Street,
Arlington, VA 22202; 703-907-7600; www.cta.tech.
(1) ANSI/CTA-2037-D, Determination of Television Set Power
Consumption, September 2022; IBR approved for appendix H to subpart B.
(2) [Reserved]
* * * * *
0
5. Amend Sec. 430.23 by revising paragraph (h) to read as follows:
Sec. 430.23 Test procedures for the measurement of energy and water
consumption.
* * * * *
(h) Television sets. The power consumption of a television set,
expressed in watts, including on and standby modes, shall be determined
in accordance with sections 3 and 4 of appendix H of this subpart
respectively. The annual energy consumption, expressed in kilowatt-
hours per year, shall be determined in accordance with section 4 of
appendix H of this subpart.
* * * * *
0
6. Revise Appendix H to subpart B of part 430 to read as follows:
Appendix H to Subpart B of Part 430--Uniform Test Method for Measuring
the Power Consumption of Television Sets
Note: On or after April 14, 2023 and prior to September 11,
2023, any representations made with respect to the energy use or
[[Page 16110]]
energy efficiency of a television must be based upon results
generated under this appendix as it appeared in 10 CFR part 430
edition revised as of January 1, 2023, or this appendix. Beginning
September 11, 2023 any representations made with respect to the
energy use or efficiency of a television must be based upon results
generated under this appendix. Given that beginning September 11,
2023, representations with respect to the energy use or efficiency
of televisions must be made in accordance with tests conducted
pursuant to this appendix, manufacturers may wish to begin using
this test procedure as soon as possible.
0. Incorporation by Reference
DOE incorporated by reference in Sec. 430.3, ANSI/CTA-2037-D in
its entirety. However, only enumerated provisions of ANSI/CTA-2037-D
are applicable to this appendix, as follows:
0.1 ANSI/CTA-2037-D
(a) Section 5 as referenced in section 2 of this appendix;
(b) Sections 6 and 8 through 11 as referenced in section 3 of
this appendix;
(c) Section 7 as referenced in sections 3 and 4 of this
appendix; and
(d) Annex A as referenced in section 4 of this appendix.
0.2 [Reserved]
1. Scope
This appendix covers the test requirements used to measure the
energy and power consumption of television sets that have a diagonal
screen size of at least fifteen inches; and are powered by mains
power (including TVs with auxiliary batteries but not TVs with main
batteries).
2. Definitions and Symbols
2.1. Definitions. The following terms are defined according to
section 5.1 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
(a) Annual energy consumption
(b) Automatic brightness control
(c) Brightest selectable picture setting
(d) Default preset picture setting
(e) Dynamic Luminance
(f) Energy-Efficient-Ethernet
(g) Filmmaker Mode
(h) Forced menu
(i) Gloss Unit (GU)
(j) HDR10
(k) High Dynamic Range
(l) Home configuration
(m) Hybrid Log Gamma (HLG)
(n) Illuminance
(o) International System of Units
(p) Luminance
(q) Main battery
(r) Motion-Based Dynamic Dimming
(s) Neutral density filter
(t) Off Mode
(u) On Mode
(v) Perceptual Quantization Video
(w) Preset picture setting
(x) Quick start
(y) Retail Configuration
(z) Snoot
(aa) Software
(ab) Wake-By-Remote-Control-App
(ac) Wake-By-Smart-Speaker
(ad) Wake-On-Cast
2.2. Symbol usage. The symbols and abbreviations in section 5.2
of ANSI/CTA-2037-D apply to this test procedure.
3. Test Conduct
Determine the dynamic luminance and on mode and standby mode
power consumption of TVs by following the procedure specified in
sections 6 through 11 of ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
4. Calculation of Measured Values
Calculate the on mode power consumption, dynamic luminance,
standby mode power consumption, and annual energy consumption as
specified in Annex A of ANSI/CTA-2037-D. The following additional
requirements are also applicable.
4.1. Round on mode power value as specified in Annex A of ANSI/
CTA-2037-D.
4.2. Round dynamic luminance to the nearest tenth.
4.3. Round standby mode power as specified in section 7.1.2 of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
4.4. Round annual energy consumption as specified in Annex A of
ANSI/CTA-2037-D.
[FR Doc. 2023-03986 Filed 3-14-23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P