[Federal Register Volume 87, Number 157 (Tuesday, August 16, 2022)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 50396-50431]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2022-16951]



[[Page 50395]]

Vol. 87

Tuesday,

No. 157

August 16, 2022

Part II





Department of Energy





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10 CFR Parts 429 and 430





Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Ceiling Fans; Final 
Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 87, No. 157 / Tuesday, August 16, 2022 / 
Rules and Regulations  

[[Page 50396]]


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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

10 CFR Parts 429 and 430

[EERE-2013-BT-TP-0050]
RIN 1904-AD88


Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Ceiling Fans

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of 
Energy.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (``DOE'') is amending the test 
procedures for ceiling fans to include a definition for ``circulating 
air'' for the purpose of the ceiling fan definition; include ceiling 
fans greater than 24 feet within the scope of the test procedure; 
include certain belt-driven ceiling fans within the scope of the test 
procedure; specify that certain very small-diameter ceiling fans are 
not required to be tested; maintain applicability of the standby power 
test procedure to large-diameter ceiling fans; specify instructions for 
testing ceiling fans with certain accessories or features; clarify test 
voltage for large-diameter ceiling fans; amend the low speed definition 
and increase low speed tolerance for stability criteria; permit an 
alternate set-up to collect air velocity test data and provide greater 
specificity regarding sensor orientation; amend the blade thickness 
measurement requirement; update instrument measurement resolution, 
represented values, rounding instructions, and enforcement provisions; 
and codify current guidance on calculating several values reported on 
the EnergyGuide label. DOE is also updating references to an industry 
test standard to reference the latest version.

DATES: The effective date of this rule is September 15, 2022. The final 
rule changes will be mandatory for product testing starting February 
13, 2023. The incorporation by reference of certain material listed in 
this rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register as of 
September 15, 2022. The incorporation by reference of certain other 
material listed in this rule was approved by the Director of the 
Federal Register as of August 24, 2016 and May 27, 2021.

ADDRESSES: The docket, which includes Federal Register notices, webinar 
attendee lists and transcripts, comments, and other supporting 
documents/materials, is available for review at www.regulations.gov. 
All documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov 
index. However, some documents listed in the index, such as those 
containing information that is exempt from public disclosure, may not 
be publicly available.
    A link to the docket web page can be found at regulations.gov/docket/EERE-2013-BT-TP-0050. The docket web page contains instructions 
on how to access all documents, including public comments, in the 
docket.
    For further information on how to review the docket contact the 
Appliance and Equipment Standards Program staff at (202) 287-1445 or by 
email: [email protected].

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 
    Mr. Jeremy Dommu, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office, EE-2J, 
1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: 
(202) 586-9870. Email [email protected].
    Ms. Amelia Whiting, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the 
General Counsel, GC-33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 
20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-2588. Email: 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: DOE incorporates by reference the following 
industry standards into part 430: ANSI/AMCA Standard 230-15 (``AMCA 
230-15''), ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Air Circulating Fans for 
Rating and Certification'', ANSI-approved October 16, 2015, including 
AMCA 230-15 Technical Errata 2021-05-05, ``Technical Errata Sheet for 
ANSI/AMCA Standard 230-15: Density Corrections'', dated May 5, 2021. 
IEC 62301, Household electrical appliances--Measurement of standby 
power, (Edition 2.0, 2011-01).
    DOE maintains previously approved incorporation by reference in 
part 430: ANSI/AMCA Standard 208-18 (``AMCA 208-18''), Calculation of 
the Fan Energy Index, ANSI approved January 24, 2018, IBR approved for 
appendix U to this subpart.
    Copies of the AMCA standards are available from Air Movement and 
Control Association International, Inc. (AMCA), 30 West University 
Drive, Arlington Heights, IL 60004, (847) 394-0150, or by going to 
www.amca.org/store.
    Copies of the IEC standard are available from International 
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3 Rue de Varembe, Case Postale 131, 
1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, https://webstore.iec.ch/ and from the 
American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W 43rd Street, 4th 
Floor, New York, NY 10036, (212) 642-4900, webstore.ansi.org. For a 
further discussion of this standard, see section IV.N of this document.

Table of Contents

I. Authority and Background
    A. Authority
    B. Background
II. Synopsis of the Final Rule
III. Discussion
    A. Scope of Applicability
    1. Scope of Ceiling Fan Product Coverage
    2. Scope of Ceiling Fan Test Procedure
    B. Standards Incorporated by Reference
    C. Efficiency Metric for Small-Diameter Ceiling Fans
    D. Standby Power Test Procedure for Large-Diameter and High-
Speed Belt-Driven Ceiling Fans
    E. Specifications for Ceiling Fans With Accessories
    F. Ceiling Fan Test Voltage
    G. Low Speed Definition
    H. Alternate Stability Criteria for Average Air Velocity 
Measurements
    I. Sensor Arm Setup
    J. Air Velocity Sensor Mounting Angle
    K. Instructions To Measure Blade Thickness
    L. Instrument Measurement Resolution
    M. Certification, Represented Value, and Rounding Requirements
    N. Product-Specific Enforcement Provisions
    O. Calculation Methodology for Values Reported on the 
EnergyGuide Label
    1. Airflow Efficiency
    2. Airflow
    3. Energy Use
    4. Estimated Yearly Energy Cost
    P. Test Procedure Costs and Impacts
    1. Cost Impacts for the Scope Related Amendments
    2. Cost Impacts for Stability Criteria
    3. Cost Impacts for Low Speed Definition
    4. Cost Impacts for Other Test Procedure Amendments
    Q. Effective and Compliance Dates
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
    A. Review Under Executive Order 12866 and 13563
    B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
    C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
    D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
    E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
    F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
    G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
    H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government 
Appropriations Act, 1999
    I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
    J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations 
Act, 2001
    K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
    L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration 
Act of 1974
    M. Congressional Notification
    N. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference
V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary

[[Page 50397]]

I. Authority and Background

    DOE is authorized to establish and amend energy conservation 
standards and test procedures for ceiling fans. (42 U.S.C. 
6293(b)(16)(A)(i) and (B), and 42 U.S.C. 6295(ff)) DOE's energy 
conservation standards and test procedures for ceiling fans are 
currently prescribed at title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations 
(``CFR''), part 430 section 32(s)(1) and (2), 10 CFR part 430 section 
23(w), and 10 CFR part 430 subpart B appendix U (``appendix U''), 
respectively. The following sections discuss DOE's authority to 
establish test procedures for ceiling fans and relevant background 
information regarding DOE's consideration of test procedures for this 
product.

A. Authority

    The Energy Policy and Conservation Act, as amended (``EPCA''),\1\ 
authorizes DOE to regulate the energy efficiency of a number of 
consumer products and certain industrial equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6291-
6317) Title III, Part B \2\ of EPCA established the Energy Conservation 
Program for Consumer Products Other Than Automobiles, which sets forth 
a variety of provisions designed to improve energy efficiency. These 
products include ceiling fans, the subject of this document. (42 U.S.C. 
6291(49), 42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(16)(A)(i) and (B), and 42 U.S.C. 6295(ff))
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    \1\ All references to EPCA in this document refer to the statute 
as amended through the Energy Act of 2020, Public Law 116-260 (Dec. 
27, 2020), which reflect the last statutory amendments that impact 
Parts A and A-1 of EPCA.
    \2\ For editorial reasons, upon codification in the U.S. Code, 
Part B was redesignated Part A.
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    The energy conservation program under EPCA consists essentially of 
four parts: (1) testing, (2) labeling, (3) Federal energy conservation 
standards, and (4) certification and enforcement procedures. Relevant 
provisions of EPCA specifically include definitions (42 U.S.C. 6291), 
test procedures (42 U.S.C. 6293), labeling provisions (42 U.S.C. 6294), 
energy conservation standards (42 U.S.C. 6295), and the authority to 
require information and reports from manufacturers (42 U.S.C. 6296).
    The testing requirements consist of test procedures that 
manufacturers of covered products must use as the basis for (1) 
certifying to DOE that their products comply with the applicable energy 
conservation standards adopted under EPCA (42 U.S.C. 6295(s)), and (2) 
making other representations about the efficiency of those products (42 
U.S.C. 6293(c)). Similarly, DOE must use these test procedures to 
determine whether the products comply with any relevant standards 
promulgated under EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6295(s))
    Federal energy efficiency requirements for covered products 
established under EPCA generally supersede State laws and regulations 
concerning energy conservation testing, labeling, and standards. (42 
U.S.C. 6297) DOE may, however, grant waivers of Federal preemption for 
particular State laws or regulations, in accordance with the procedures 
and other provisions of EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6297(d))
    Under 42 U.S.C. 6293, EPCA sets forth the criteria and procedures 
DOE must follow when prescribing or amending test procedures for 
covered products. EPCA requires that any test procedures prescribed or 
amended under this section shall be reasonably designed to produce test 
results which measure energy efficiency, energy use or estimated annual 
operating cost of a covered product during a representative average use 
cycle (as determined by the Secretary) or period of use and shall not 
be unduly burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3))
    With respect to ceiling fans, EPCA requires that test procedures be 
based on the ``Energy Star Testing Facility Guidance Manual: Building a 
Testing Facility and Performing the Solid State Test Method for ENERGY 
STAR Qualified Ceiling Fans, Version 1.1'' published by the 
Environmental Protection Agency, and that the Secretary may review and 
revise the test procedures established. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(16)(A)(i) 
and (B))
    EPCA also requires that, at least once every 7 years, DOE evaluate 
test procedures for each type of covered product, including ceiling 
fans, to determine whether amended test procedures would more 
accurately or fully comply with the requirements for the test 
procedures to not be unduly burdensome to conduct and be reasonably 
designed to produce test results that reflect energy efficiency, energy 
use, and estimated operating costs during a representative average use 
cycle or period of use. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(1)(A) and (b)(3))
    If the Secretary determines, on her own behalf or in response to a 
petition by any interested person, that a test procedure should be 
prescribed or amended, the Secretary shall promptly publish in the 
Federal Register proposed test procedures and afford interested persons 
an opportunity to present oral and written data, views, and arguments 
with respect to such procedures. The comment period on a proposed rule 
to amend a test procedure shall be at least 60 days and may not exceed 
270 days. In prescribing or amending a test procedure, the Secretary 
shall take into account such information as the Secretary determines 
relevant to such procedure, including technological developments 
relating to energy use or energy efficiency of the type (or class) of 
covered products involved. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(2)). If DOE determines 
that test procedure revisions are not appropriate, DOE must publish its 
determination not to amend the test procedures. (42 U.S.C. 
6293(b)(1)(A)(ii))
    In addition, EPCA requires that DOE amend its test procedures for 
all covered products to integrate measures of standby mode and off mode 
energy consumption into the overall energy efficiency, energy 
consumption, or other energy descriptor, unless the current test 
procedure already incorporates the standby mode and off mode energy 
consumption, or if such integration is technically infeasible. (42 
U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A)) If an integrated test procedure is technically 
infeasible, DOE must prescribe separate standby mode and off mode 
energy use test procedures for the covered product, if a separate test 
is technically feasible. (Id.) Any such amendment must consider the 
most current versions of the IEC Standard 62301 \3\ and IEC Standard 
62087 \4\ as applicable. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A))
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    \3\ IEC 62301, Household electrical appliances--Measurement of 
standby power (Edition 2.0, 2011-01).
    \4\ IEC 62087, Audio, video and related equipment--Methods of 
measurement for power consumption (Edition 1.0, Parts 1-6: 2015, 
Part 7: 2018).
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    DOE is publishing this final rule in satisfaction of the 7-year 
review requirement specified in EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(1)(A))

B. Background

    As stated, DOE's existing test procedures for ceiling fans appear 
at appendix U. On September 30, 2019, DOE published a notice of 
proposed rulemaking (``NOPR'') proposing amendments to the test 
procedure addressing questions received from interested parties. 84 FR 
51440. (``September 2019 NOPR'') In the September 2019 NOPR, DOE 
proposed to interpret the term ``suspended from a ceiling'' in the EPCA 
definition of ceiling fan to mean offered for mounting only on a 
ceiling; specify that very small-diameter (``VSD'') ceiling fans that 
do not also meet the definition of low-speed small-diameter (``LSSD'') 
ceiling fan are not required to be tested pursuant to the DOE test 
method; for LSSD and VSD ceiling fans, increase the tolerance for the 
stability criteria for the average air velocity measurements

[[Page 50398]]

during low speed tests; specify that large-diameter ceiling fans with 
blade spans greater than 24 feet do not need to be tested pursuant to 
the DOE test method; codify current guidance on calculating several 
values reported on the U.S. Federal Trade Commission's (``FTC'') 
EnergyGuide label for LSSD and VSD ceiling fans; and amend 
certification requirements and product-specific enforcement provisions 
to reflect the current test procedures and recently amended energy 
conservation standards for ceiling fans. 84 FR 51440, 51442. 
Additionally, on October 17, 2019, DOE hosted a public meeting to 
present the September 2019 NOPR proposals.
    DOE, with the support of the American Lighting Association 
(``ALA''), conducted a round robin test program for ceiling fans to 
observe laboratory setups and test practices, evaluate within-
laboratory variation (i.e., repeatability) and assess between-
laboratory consistency (i.e., reproducibility). Round robin testing was 
conducted from January 2019 to April 2020. Six test laboratories 
participated in the round robin, representing both manufacturer 
laboratories and third-party laboratories. Four laboratories were 
located in North America, and two were located in China. ALA and 
ceiling fan manufacturers supplied two samples each of five ceiling fan 
models (for a total of 10 test samples). The laboratories were 
instructed to test according to appendix U. DOE representatives were 
present during all testing to observe test setups and practices used in 
a variety of labs. The round robin test report has been separately 
published in the docket.\5\
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    \5\ The docketed round robin report can be found in the 
rulemaking Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-TP-0050. www.regulations.gov/docket/EERE-2013-BT-TP-0050.
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    On May 27, 2021, DOE published a final rule to amend the current 
regulations for large-diameter ceiling fans to implement technical 
amendments corresponding with provisions enacted by Congress through 
the Energy Act of 2020. 86 FR 28469 (``May 2021 Technical Amendment'') 
Specifically, section 1008 of the Energy Act of 2020 amended section 
325(ff)(6) of EPCA to specify that large-diameter ceiling fans 
manufactured on or after January 21, 2020, are not required to meet 
minimum ceiling fan efficiency requirements in terms of the ratio of 
the total airflow to the total power consumption as established in a 
final rule published January 19, 2017 (82 FR 6826; ``January 2017 Final 
Rule''), and instead are required to meet specified minimum efficiency 
requirements based on the Ceiling Fan Energy Index (``CFEI'') metric. 
86 FR 28469, 28469-28470. The May 2021 Technical Amendment also 
implemented conforming amendments to the ceiling fan test procedure to 
ensure consistency with the Energy Act of 2020. 86 FR 28469, 28470.
    On December 7, 2021, DOE published a supplemental NOPR (``SNOPR'') 
to present modifications to certain proposals presented in the 
September 2019 NOPR, and to propose additional amendments based on 
round robin testing. 86 FR 69544 (``December 2021 SNOPR'') In the 
December 2021 SNOPR, DOE addressed a subset of comments received in 
response to the September 2019 NOPR that were relevant to the SNOPR. 86 
FR 69544, 69546.
    In the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE proposed to include a definition 
for ``circulating air'' for the purpose of the ceiling fan definition, 
include ceiling fans greater than 24 feet in the scope, include certain 
belt-driven ceiling fans within scope, include a standby metric for 
large-diameter ceiling fans, amend the low speed definition, permit an 
alternate set-up to collect air velocity test data, amend certain set-
up and operation specifications, amend the blade thickness measurement 
requirement, and update product-specific rounding and enforcement 
provisions. 86 FR 69544, 69547. Additionally, on January 11, 2022, DOE 
hosted a public webinar to present the December 2021 SNOPR proposals.
    DOE received comments in response to the September 2019 NOPR and 
December 2021 SNOPR from interested parties listed in Table II.1 of 
this document. Table II.1 reflects commenters that provided comments to 
the September 2019 NOPR that were not already fully addressed in the 
December 2021 SNOPR.

  Table II.1--List of Commenters With Written Submissions in Response to the September 2019 NOPR * and December
                                                   2021 SNOPR
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                            Reference in this final    Document No.
              Commenter(s)                           rule                in docket          Commenter type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Air Movement and Control Association      AMCA......................          33, 43  Trade Association.
 International.
American Lighting Association...........  ALA.......................          34, 45  Trade Association.
Appliance Standards Awareness Project,    Efficiency Advocates......              44  Efficiency Organizations.
 American Council for an Energy-
 Efficient Economy, National Consumer
 Law Center, Energy Efficiency Advocate,
 New York State Energy Research and
 Development Authority, Northwest Energy
 Efficiency Alliance.
Big Ass Fans............................  BAF.......................              36  Manufacturer.
Hunter Fan Company......................  Hunter....................              29  Manufacturer.
Pacific Gas and Electric Company, San     CA IOUs...................          31, 46  Utilities.
 Diego Gas and Electric, and Southern
 California Edison; collectively, the
 California Investor-Owned Utilities.
VES Environmental Solution, Inc.........  VES.......................          25, 26  Manufacturer.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* The table includes only comments to the September 2019 NOPR that were not already fully addressed in the
  December 2021 SNOPR.

    To the extent that DOE received comments relating to the energy 
conservation standards for ceiling fans, such comments are not 
discussed in this final rule as this rulemaking only addresses the test 
procedure. These comments will be discussed in the separate energy 
conservation standards rulemaking docket (EERE-2021-BT-STD-0011).
    A parenthetical reference at the end of a comment quotation or 
paraphrase provides the location of the item in the public record.\6\
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    \6\ The parenthetical reference provides a reference for 
information located in the docket of DOE's rulemaking to develop 
test procedures for ceiling fans. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-TP-0050, 
which is maintained at www.regulations.gov). The references are 
arranged as follows: (commenter name, comment docket ID number, page 
of that document).

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[[Page 50399]]

    ALA and AMCA commented that AMCA 230-15 is currently in the process 
of being updated and encouraged DOE to delay finalizing the ceiling 
fans test procedure until the updated version of AMCA 230 is published. 
(ALA, No. 45 at p. 4; AMCA, No. 43 at pp. 1, 5, 10-11) DOE notes that 
there is no scheduled date for the finalization of the update to AMCA 
230. In light of the 7-year test procedure lookback requirement of EPCA 
(42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(1)(A)) and the requirement that amended test 
procedures that impact measured energy use or efficiency be finalized 
at least 180 days prior to the close of the comment period for a NOPR 
proposing new or amended energy conservation standards or a notice of 
proposed determination that standards do not need to be amended 
(appendix A to subpart C of part 430, section (8)(d)(1)), DOE is not 
delaying finalization of the ceiling fans test procedure. As discussed 
below, DOE is updating the reference to AMCA 230-15 to include the 
errata sheet published May 2021.
    In response the September 2019 NOPR, Hunter noted that they were 
grateful that DOE initiated round robin testing to remedy any issues 
with the test procedure. However, they also noted that DOE must be 
mindful when exercising enforcement and compliance because the 
amendments are being implemented not only before the round robin is 
completed, but also before company and independent labs have thoroughly 
considered them. (Hunter No. 29 at pp. 1-2) DOE notes that the round 
robin has since been completed and the round robin test report has been 
separately published in the docket.\7\ Certain company and independent 
labs were involved during the round robin testing. Further, DOE also 
published the December 2021 SNOPR which provided additional proposals 
based on the round robin testing, and additional opportunities for 
industry to consider and comment on the proposals. As such, the 
amendments in this final rule are based on the proposals in the 
September 2019 NOPR and the December 2021 SNOPR. The effective date for 
the adopted test procedure amendment will be 30 days after publication 
of this final rule in the Federal Register. EPCA prescribes that all 
representations of energy efficiency and energy use, including those 
made on marketing materials and product labels, must be made in 
accordance with an amended test procedure, beginning 180 days after 
publication of the final rule in the Federal Register. (42 U.S.C. 
6293(c)(2))
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    \7\ The docketed round robin report can be found in the 
rulemaking Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-TP-0050. www.regulations.gov/docket/EERE-2013-BT-TP-0050.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In response to the December 2021 SNOPR, ALA also encouraged DOE to 
conduct future round robin testing within one year of the effective 
date of this test procedure rulemaking and future test procedure 
updates. ALA also encouraged DOE to take the necessary steps to ensure 
that all third-party labs are producing test results within an 
acceptable range. (ALA, No. 45 at p. 2) DOE appreciates these comments 
and will consider future round robin testing as needed to inform any 
future test procedure amendments.
    Finally, Mr. Catania (representing himself) commented that state 
proceedings on the commercial and industrial fans are moving forward 
quickly and asked DOE whether it is considering updating energy 
conservation standards in a federal rulemaking following the 
finalization of the test procedure. (Catania, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 42 at p. 41) DOE notes that this rulemaking addresses 
the test procedure for ceiling fans only. On October 1, 2021, DOE 
issued a request for information (``RFI'') seeking comment and 
information regarding coverage as part of a separate rulemaking for 
fans and blowers.\8\ 86 FR 54412 (``October 2021 RFI''). Further, on 
February 8, 2022, DOE issued a request for information seeking comments 
and information regarding energy conservation standards for fans and 
blowers.\9\ 87 FR 7048. Any discussion on test procedures (and future 
rulemaking for energy conservation standards) for fans and blowers will 
be addressed through the separate rulemakings.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \8\ See Docket No. EERE-2021-BT-TP-0021 at www.regulations.gov.
    \9\ See Docket No. EERE-2022-BT-STD-0002 at www.regulations.gov.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

II. Synopsis of the Final Rule

    In this final rule, DOE provides amendments as follows:
    (1) Specifies that for the purpose of the ceiling fan definition, 
``circulating air'' means the discharge of air in an upward or downward 
direction. A ceiling fan that has a ratio of fan blade span (in inches) 
to maximum rotation rate (in revolutions per minute (``RPM'')) greater 
than 0.06 provides circulating air;
    (2) Extends the scope of the test procedure to include large 
diameter fans with a diameter greater than 24 feet;
    (3) Includes certain belt-driven ceiling fans within the scope of 
the test procedure;
    (4) Maintains that the standby power test procedure is applicable 
for large-diameter ceiling fans;
    (5) Clarifies test voltage requirements for large-diameter ceiling 
fans;
    (6) Specifies test procedures for ceiling fans with accessories or 
features that do not relate to the ceiling fan's ability to create 
airflow by the rotation of the fan blades;
    (7) Clarifies that VSD ceiling fans that do not also meet the 
definition of LSSD fan are not required to be tested pursuant to the 
DOE test method;
    (8) Modifies the low-speed definition to ensure that LSSD ceiling 
fans (including VSD ceiling fans that also meet the definition of an 
LSSD fan) are tested at a more representative low speed rather than the 
``lowest available ceiling fan speed'';
    (9) Increases the tolerance for the stability criteria for the 
average air velocity measurements at low speed for LSSD and VSD ceiling 
fans that also meet the definition of an LSSD fan;
    (10) Allows use of an alternative procedure for air velocity data 
collection that relies on a two-arm sensor arm setup, and requires 
setups with arm rotation to stabilize the arm prior to data collection;
    (11) Clarifies the alignment of air velocity sensor placement on 
the sensor arm(s);
    (12) Specifies the instructions to measure blade thickness for LSSD 
and HSSD ceiling fan definitions;
    (13) Specifies instrument measurement resolution;
    (14) Amends represented values, rounding, and enforcement 
provisions; and
    (15) Codifies in regulation existing guidance on the method for 
calculating several values reported on the FTC EnergyGuide label for 
LSSD and VSD ceiling fans using results from the ceiling fan test 
procedures in appendix U and represented values in 10 CFR part 429;
    As discussed, DOE is also updating the reference to AMCA 230-15 to 
reference the version that includes the 2021 errata sheet. The adopted 
amendments are summarized in Table II.1 of this document compared to 
the test procedure provision prior to the amendment, as well as the 
reason for the adopted change.

[[Page 50400]]



                          Table II.1--Summary of Changes in the Amended Test Procedure
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   DOE test procedure prior to amendment              Amended test procedure                   Attribution
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Defines ``ceiling fan'' based on EPCA as    Defines the term ``circulating air'' for    Response to industry
 ``a nonportable device that is suspended    the purpose of the ceiling fan definition   comments.
 from a ceiling for circulating air via      to mean ``the discharge of air in an
 the rotation of fan blades.''               upward or downward direction. A ceiling
                                             fan that has a ratio of fan blade span
                                             (in inches) to maximum rotation rate (in
                                             revolutions per minute) greater than 0.06
                                             provides circulating air.''
Excludes large diameter fans with a         Includes large diameter fans with a         Response to industry
 diameter of greater than 24 feet from the   diameter of greater than 24 feet in the     comments.
 test procedure.                             scope of the test procedure.
Excludes all belt-driven ceiling fans from  Includes definitions and test procedures    Response to industry
 the test procedure.                         for high-speed belt-driven ceiling fans.    comments.
Provides a method of testing only those     Specifies that VSD ceiling fans that are    Clarification of test
 VSD ceiling fans that meet the LSSD         not also LSSD ceiling fans are not          procedure scope.
 ceiling fan definition.                     required to be tested pursuant to the DOE
                                             test method.
Includes a standby power test procedure,    Amends appendix U to include a standby      42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A)
 but no standby power metric, for the        power metric for large-diameter ceiling     requires test
 large-diameter ceiling fan CFEI metric.     fans.                                       procedures for all
 Prior to the Energy Act of 2020, the                                                    products to include
 applicable metric for large-diameter                                                    standby mode and off
 ceiling fans included a measurement of                                                  mode energy
 standby power.                                                                          consumption.
Does not include specific instructions on   Specifies that accessories or features      Improve
 how ceiling fan accessories and/or          that do not relate to the ceiling fan's     representativeness and
 features should be incorporated into the    ability to create airflow by the rotation   reproducibility of the
 test procedure.                             of the fan blades must be installed, but    test procedure.
                                             turned off during testing. If such an
                                             accessory or feature cannot be turned
                                             off, it shall be set to the lowest energy-
                                             consuming mode during testing.
Provides potentially ambiguous language     Provides clarification for supply voltage   Response to stakeholder
 for supply voltage specifications for       specification. The clarification does not   comment.
 testing large-diameter ceiling fans.        change the original requirement.
Defines ``low speed'' as ``the lowest       Defines ``low speed'' by representing the   Improve the
 available ceiling fan speed, i.e., the      proposed definition as a table,             repeatability,
 fan speed corresponding to the minimum,     indicating the number of sensors that       reproducibility, and
 non-zero, blade RPM.''                      must measure greater than 40 feet per       representativeness of
                                             minute.                                     the test procedure.
The tolerance for the stability criteria    Increases the tolerance for the stability   Response to waiver;
 for the average air velocity measurements   criteria for the average air velocity       improve repeatability
 for LSSD and VSD ceiling fans at low        measurements for LSSD and VSD ceiling       of test results.
 speed is less than 5 percent.               fans at low speed to less than ten 10
                                             percent.
Prescribes either a four-arm or one-arm     Adds an alternative two-arm setup to        Improve the
 sensor setup, for certain fan types.        measure air velocity. Further, adds         repeatability and
                                             requirement for setups that require arm     reproducibility of the
                                             rotation to stabilize the arm to            test procedure.
                                             dissipate any residual turbulence prior
                                             to data collection.
Does not explicitly specify air velocity    Provides explicit instructions to align     Improve the
 sensor alignment or acceptance angle.       the air velocity sensors perpendicular to   repeatability and
                                             the airflow.                                reproducibility of the
                                                                                         test procedure.
Does not specify how fan blade thickness    Adds specification to measure fan blade     Improve the
 should be measured.                         thickness in a consistent manner for all    repeatability and
                                             fan blade types (including ``rolled-        reproducibility of the
                                             edge'' blade designs).                      test procedure.
Does not include any measurement            Updates measurement tolerances for certain  Include represented
 tolerances for certain parameters and       parameters. Also updates represented        value and rounding
 represented values and associated           value calculations and rounding             requirements for
 rounding requirements.                      requirements.                               current standards.
Includes product-specific enforcement       Add provisions for verification of          Include enforcement
 provisions.                                 represented values to be used in the        requirements for
                                             context of enforcement of the relevant      current standards.
                                             efficiency standards.
Instruction on calculating EnergyGuide      Codifies the instructions for calculating   Improve ease of use of
 label values based on measurements taken    EnergyGuide label values in the CFR.        the test procedure.
 in accordance with appendix U is provided
 in a guidance document separate from the
 CFR.
Incorporates by reference AMCA 230-15,      Updates reference to edition including the  Update to industry test
 ANSI approved October 16, 2015.             errata sheet published June 2021.           standard.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE has determined that the amendments described in section III and 
adopted in this document would not require re-testing for a majority of 
ceiling fans. The amendment redefining ``low speed'' may require 
retesting for a limited number of LSSD ceiling fans. However, DOE 
expects that the amendments would be more reasonably designed to 
produce results that are representative of average use at low speed. 
Discussion of DOE's actions are addressed in detail in section III of 
this document, including test procedure costs and cost savings.
    The effective date for the amended test procedures adopted in this 
final rule is 30 days after publication of this document in the Federal 
Register. Representations of energy use or energy efficiency must be 
based on testing in accordance with the amended test procedures 
beginning 180 days after the publication of this final rule.

[[Page 50401]]

III. Discussion

A. Scope of Applicability

    EPCA defines ``ceiling fan'' as ``a nonportable device that is 
suspended from a ceiling for circulating air via the rotation of fan 
blades.'' (42 U.S.C. 6291(49)) DOE codified the statutory definition in 
10 CFR 430.2. In a final rule published July 25, 2016 (``July 2016 
Final Rule''), DOE stated that the test procedure applies to any 
product meeting this definition, including hugger fans, fans designed 
for applications where large airflow volume may be needed, and highly 
decorative fans. 81 FR 48619, 48622. DOE stated, however, that 
manufacturers were not required to test the following fans according to 
the test procedure: belt-driven ceiling fans, centrifugal ceiling fans, 
oscillating ceiling fans, and ceiling fans whose blades' plane of 
rotation cannot be within 45 degrees of horizontal. Id.
1. Scope of Ceiling Fan Product Coverage
    In the September 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed to clarify its 
interpretation of the statutory definition in response to an inquiry 
from AMCA regarding the application of the term ``ceiling fan'' to 
products known as ``air circulating fan heads'' (``ACFHs'').\10\ 84 FR 
51440, 51443. In letters submitted to DOE in May and July of 2019, AMCA 
asserted that air circulating fan heads have distinct characteristics 
and functions compared to traditional ceiling fans, including that air 
circulating fan heads provide concentrated directional airflow as 
opposed to circulating air.\11\ (AMCA, No. 23 in both May and July 2019 
letters, at p. 1) AMCA recommended that DOE use the physical 
characteristics of fan diameter and rotational tip speed or outlet air 
speed as a means to distinguish fans that circulate air (as necessary 
to meet the statutory definition of ``ceiling fan'') from ACFHs that 
provide directional air flow (i.e., fans excluded from the statutory 
definition of ``ceiling fan'').\12\ (AMCA, No. 23 in the July 2019 
letter at p. 2) Accordingly, in the September 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed 
to clarify the definition of ``ceiling fan'' and proposed two alternate 
definitions of the term to distinguish a ``ceiling fan'' from other 
fans based on the ``non-portable'' element and ``suspended from a 
ceiling'' (i.e., ``mounting'') element of the statutory definition. 84 
FR 51440, 51444. Specifically, DOE proposed to include within the 
definition that for purposes of the definition, the term ``suspended 
from a ceiling'' means offered for mounting on a ceiling, and the term 
``nonportable'' means not offered for mounting on a surface other than 
a ceiling.'' Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \10\ Section 5.1.1 of ANSI/AMCA Standard 230-15 (``AMCA 230-
15''), ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Air Circulating Fans for 
Rating and Certification,'' defines air circulating fan head as ``an 
assembly consisting of a motor, impeller and guard for mounting on a 
pedestal having a base and column, wall mount bracket, ceiling mount 
bracket, I-beam bracket or other commonly accepted mounting means.''
    \11\ The May and July 2019 letters are available at 
www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2013-BT-TP-0050-0023.
    \12\ AMCA specifically recommended the use of tip speed, which 
is calculated as blade diameter x 3.14159 x rotational speed in RPM, 
and suggested that the maximum tip speed of a ceiling fan would be 
4,000 feet per minute. See May 2019 letter, page 2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In response to the September 2019 NOPR, commenters were generally 
opposed to using a mounting element as a distinction stating it was too 
broad and could create loopholes. (ALA, No. 34 at p. 2; AMCA, No. 33 at 
pp. 2-3; Hunter No. 29 at p. 2) Multiple interested parties recommended 
that the definition of ceiling fan be based on, in part, a ratio of 
diameter to maximum operating speed in order to separate fans that 
circulate air from those that provide directional airflow. (Hunter 
Fans, BAFs, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 28 at pp. 33-35, AMCA, No. 
33 at pp. 3-6; ALA, No. 34 at p. 2; and Hunter No. 29 at p. 2) 
Specifically, these commenters suggested that a diameter-to-maximum 
operating speed ratio less than 0.06 inches/RPM could be used to 
distinguish products that are not ceiling fans. Id.
    In the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE proposed to define the term 
``circulating air'' as it is used in the ceiling fan definition and to 
include a specification that a ceiling fan with a maximum operating 
speed ratio of greater than 0.06 in/RPM is considered to provide 
circulating air. 86 FR 69544, 69550. DOE stated that EPCA does not 
define ``circulating air,'' but that the term can generally be 
understood as the discharge of air in an upward or downward direction 
with the air returning to the intake side of the fan, i.e., the air is 
circulated within a space. Id. In contrast, directional airflow targets 
the discharged air at a specific location and the discharged air does 
not return to the intake side of the fan, i.e., directional airflow 
moves air, but does not circulate it within the space. Id. A fan that 
provides directional airflow, as opposed to ``circulating air'', would 
not be a ``ceiling fan'' as that term is defined in EPCA. Id. DOE 
tentatively concluded that the diameter-to-maximum operating speed 
ratio of 0.06 in/RPM is appropriate to distinguish fans with 
directional airflow from circulating airflow. Id.
    DOE also noted in the December 2021 SNOPR that the ceiling fan 
design standards of EPCA would not be applicable to fans that do not 
meet the criteria of the proposed definition. 86 FR 69544, 69551. 
Specifically, EPCA requires all ceiling fans manufactured after January 
1, 2007, to have: (i) fan speed controls separate from any lighting 
controls; (ii) adjustable speed controls (either more than 1 speed or 
variable speed); and (iii) the capability of reversible fan action, 
except for fans sold for industrial applications, fans sold for outdoor 
applications, and cases in which safety standards would be violated by 
the use of the reversible mode. (86 FR 69544, 69551; 42 U.S.C. 
6295(ff)(1)(A)) The energy conservation standards established by DOE 
would also not be applicable to such products. 86 FR 69544, 69551.
    In response to the December 2021 SNOPR, ALA and AMCA both commented 
that they support DOE's definition of ``circulating air''. (AMCA, No. 
43 at p. 2; ALA, No. 45 at p. 2) ALA noted its hope that the inclusion 
of a definition of ``circulating air'' would effectively remove ACFHs 
from the scope of ceiling fans. (ALA, No. 45 at p. 2) AMCA also 
specifically indicated its support for the 0.06-in/RPM threshold ratio 
proposed in the December 2021 SNOPR and cited public data indicating 
that all products they identified as ACFHs were below the 0.06 ratio. 
(AMCA, No. 43 at p. 2-3) Based on these data, AMCA commented that a 
threshold of 0.06 in/RPM for the diameter-to-maximum-operating-speed 
ratio was appropriate to separate ACFH from ceiling fans. (Id.; see 
also AMCA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 42 at p. 21)
    Further, AMCA commented that it may be better to define 
``circulating air'' separately in appendix U, so that it can be used in 
other fan definitions, such as the commercial and industrial fans and 
blowers rulemaking. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 4) AMCA also commented that the 
definition will be examined during the update of AMCA 230. (AMCA, No. 
43 at p. 2)
    DOE notes that this rulemaking is focused on definitions and test 
procedures relevant to ceiling fans, and thus is determining a 
definition for ``circulating air'' specifically in the context of the 
ceiling fan definition. DOE also acknowledges that AMCA 230 is 
currently under review and were AMCA 230 to adopt a different approach 
to delineating ceiling fans

[[Page 50402]]

from other fan products, DOE may consider such an approach in a future 
rulemaking.
    The CA IOUs suggested that DOE not attempt to define ``circulating 
air'' within its ceiling fans definition. (CA IOUs, No. 46 at p. 2) The 
CA IOUs commented that DOE's proposed definition puts too much emphasis 
on fan setup and room configuration, rather than the attributes of the 
fan itself. (Id.) They stated that a ceiling fan in a large, open 
warehouse would not have air directly returning to the intake side of 
the fan, whereas an ACFH in a small room may have air directly 
returning to the intake side of the fan, such that the proposed 
definition of circulating air may not be able to provide the intended 
clarity. (Id.)
    The CA IOUs also suggested a modified ceiling fan definition: 
Ceiling fan means a nonportable device that can be suspended from a 
ceiling or overhead support for the purpose of circulating air via the 
rotation of fan blades. A ceiling fan has a ratio of fan blade span (in 
inches) to maximum rotation rate (in revolutions per minute) greater 
than 0.06. (CA IOUs, No. 46 at p. 2) The CA IOUs expressed concern that 
in many commercial and industrial applications, ceiling fans are 
mounted from an overhead support rather than directly suspended from a 
ceiling, and that the manufacturer will most likely not know whether 
their products will be suspended from a ceiling or another type of 
overhead support during the product design phase. (Id.) Accordingly, 
the CA IOUs commented that including the phrase ``or overhead support'' 
would avoid an unintended interpretation that the type of structure 
from which the fan is suspended determines coverage. (Id.) They 
suggested that there is a strong precedent for DOE to address EPCA-
derived uncertainty to provide a clearer and more comprehensive 
definition, as DOE did for the definition of showerheads in its October 
22, 2013 test procedure final rule. (Id.)
    The Efficiency Advocates commented that the phrase ``suspended from 
a ceiling'' may create a loophole for fans with alternative mounting 
hardware and recommend that DOE clarify that any fan ``packaged with 
hardware for such an installation'' and/or ``marketed for such an 
installation'' be covered. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at p. 4)
    DOE notes that manufacturers cannot always anticipate the fan 
setup, room configuration, or overhead support for a particular ceiling 
fan installation. DOE expects that any ceiling fan that could be 
installed from an overhead support would also be able to be installed 
from a ceiling.\13\ As a general matter, DOE notes its authority 
generally applies to products as manufactured and not at point of 
installation. (See generally 42 U.S.C. 6302) Any fan that is 
distributed in commerce with components that enable it to be suspended 
from a ceiling, and that meets the ceiling fan definition in terms of 
being a non-portable device and for circulating air (as defined by this 
final rule) via the rotation of fan blades, is a ceiling fan.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \13\ DOE understands that a ceiling fan is installed from a 
junction box that is attached to a structural beam. Therefore, it is 
not the dry wall or plaster of a ceiling that supports the ceiling 
fan. Accordingly, DOE concludes that a ceiling fan could as easily 
be installed from a structural beam/support without the dry wall/
plaster.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Additionally, DOE recognizes that whether air flow is returned to 
the fan intake may be dependent on the installation environment. 
Accordingly, DOE has removed the phrase ``with air returning to the 
intake side of the fan'' from the adopted definition for ``circulating 
air'' for the purpose of the ceiling fans definition. However, the 
definition adopted in this final rule continues to specify a diameter-
to-maximum operating speed ratio to distinguish between fans that 
generally are designed to circulate air from those fans generally 
designed to provide directional air flow. As stated, DOE has 
determined, as supported by commenters, that the threshold of 0.06 in/
RPM provides the appropriate distinction.
    For the reasons discussed previously and in consideration of 
comments received, in this final rule, DOE adopts the following 
definition for ``circulating air'' for the purpose of the ceiling fan 
definition:
    (1) Circulating Air means the discharge of air in an upward or 
downward direction. A ceiling fan that has a ratio of fan blade span 
(in inches) to maximum rotation rate (in revolutions per minute) 
greater than 0.06 provides circulating air.
    (2) For all other ceiling fan related definitions, see appendix U 
to this subpart.
    AMCA (represented by Mr. Catania at the time) suggested during the 
September 2019 NOPR public meeting that DOE consider including in 
Appendix U visual images as examples (with disclaiming language) of the 
applicable fans in scope. (AMCA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 28 at 
p. 14) Westinghouse (represented by Mr. Gatto) also agreed with AMCA's 
comments and suggested that DOE could consider providing a separate 
guidance document that provides clear examples of in-scope ceiling 
fans. (Westinghouse, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 28 at p. 16) DOE 
appreciates the recommendations, but notes that examples and pictures 
could be interpreted differently by different stakeholders. DOE prefers 
to rely on physical features of the product when establishing 
definitions and scope. Accordingly, at this point DOE is not 
considering a separate guidance document that includes visual 
representations of in-scope ceiling fans. Any specific questions about 
scope and test can be sent to [email protected].
2. Scope of Ceiling Fan Test Procedure
    Section 2 of appendix U specifies that the ceiling fan test 
procedure applies to ceiling fans except:
    (1) Ceiling fans where the plane of rotation of a ceiling fan's 
blades is not less than or equal to 45 degrees from horizontal, or 
cannot be adjusted based on the manufacturer's specifications to be 
less than or equal to 45 degrees from horizontal;
    (2) Centrifugal ceiling fans;
    (3) Belt-driven ceiling fans; and
    (4) Oscillating ceiling fans.
    Section 1.6 of appendix U defines ``centrifugal ceiling fan'' as 
``a ceiling fan for which the primary airflow direction is in the same 
plane as the rotation of the fan blades.'' Section 1.3 of appendix U 
defines ``belt-driven ceiling fan'' as ``a ceiling fan with a series of 
one or more fan heads, each driven by a belt connected to one or more 
motors that are located outside of the fan head.'' Section 1.16 of 
appendix U (renumbered as section 1.17 in this final rule) defines 
``oscillating ceiling fan'' as ``a ceiling fan containing one or more 
fan heads for which the axis of rotation of the fan blades cannot 
remain in a fixed position relative to the ceiling. Such fans have no 
inherent means by which to disable the oscillating function separate 
from the fan blade rotation.''
    DOE received comments regarding the scope of the ceiling fan test 
procedure and exemptions. AMCA commented that there should continue to 
be an exception for ceiling fans whose plane of rotation exceeds 45 
degrees. (AMCA, No. 33 at p. 8) The CA IOUs recommended that DOE 
monitor for excessive energy use groups of ceiling fans that are not 
regulated, such as belt-driven fans and ceiling fans whose blades' 
plane of rotation cannot be within 45 degrees of the horizontal. (CA 
IOUs, No. 31 at p. 3)
    In this final rule, DOE makes no changes to the exclusion of 
centrifugal ceiling fans; oscillating ceiling fans; and ceiling fans 
where the plane of rotation

[[Page 50403]]

of a ceiling fan's blades is not less than or equal to 45 degrees from 
horizontal, or cannot be adjusted based on the manufacturer's 
specifications to be less than or equal to 45 degrees from horizontal; 
as specified in section 2 of appendix U. As discussed further in 
section III.A.2.b of this document, DOE is amending the scope of the 
test procedure with regard to belt-driven ceiling fans.
    VES stated that it is considering updating its belt-driven ceiling 
fans to direct drive fans (which are primarily shrouded), which would 
eliminate belt losses and boost motor efficiency. VES asserted that 
these ceiling fans would then be captured by the HSSD definition and 
therefore be subject to minimum efficiency standards that these ceiling 
fans would be unable to meet. VES recommended that ceiling fans with an 
orifice shroud surrounding the impeller or with adjustable discharge 
dampers be exempt from the rulemaking. (VES, No. 26 at pp. 1-2)
    Regarding the scope of the ceiling fan test procedure, if a 
shrouded ceiling fan meets the definition of ceiling fan as amended by 
this final rule, it would be considered a ceiling fan and would be 
subject to the design standards, test procedure, and applicable energy 
conservation standards. DOE notes that this rulemaking is with regard 
only to the test procedure for ceiling fans and consideration of energy 
conservation standards of ceiling fans is covered by a separate 
rulemaking (Docket number EERE-2021-BT-STD-0011).
a. Scope of Test Procedure for Large-Diameter Ceiling Fans
    In the July 2016 Final Rule, DOE limited the scope of the ceiling 
fans test procedure to ceiling fans up to 24 feet in diameter. 81 FR 
48619, 48632. DOE explained that it was not aware of any commercially 
available LDCFs with blade spans greater than 24 feet and as such could 
not confirm the reliability of test procedure results for these LDCFs. 
Thus, section 3.4.1 of appendix U specifies that the test procedure for 
large-diameter ceiling fans (``LDCFs'') is applicable for ceiling fans 
up to 24 feet in diameter. As such, LDCFs with diameters greater than 
24 feet have not been subject to energy conservation standards. .
    In the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE proposed to remove the 24-foot 
blade span limit in section 3.4.1 of appendix U. 86 FR 69544, 69551. 
This proposal was based on two primary factors. First, because DOE's 
test procedure for LDCFs is based on AMCA 230-15, nothing inherent to 
the test procedure would prevent testing of a ceiling fan greater than 
24 feet. AMCA 230-15 provides minimum clearances as a function of blade 
span and does not specify an upper limit on blade span. Second, AMCA 
confirmed that the test facilities AMCA uses are capable of 
accommodating ceiling fans with blade spans substantially larger than 
24 feet. 86 FR 69544, 69551; see also AMCA, No. 43 at p. 4)
    AMCA, the Efficiency Advocates, and the CA IOUs agreed with DOE's 
proposal to remove the 24-foot blade span limit. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 4; 
Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at p. 2; CA IOUs, No. 46 at p.1; AMCA, 
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 42 at p. 23) AMCA commented that there 
is at least one LDCF on the market with a blade span greater than 24 
feet, and that there is no additional test burden for testing a ceiling 
fan with a blade span greater than 24 feet relative to testing a 
ceiling fan with a blade span of 24 feet. (AMCA, No. 43 at pp. 4, 12-
13)
    DOE did not receive any comments objecting to its proposal to 
remove the 24-foot blade span limit. Further, while DOE is aware of two 
LDCF models with a diameter greater than 24 feet, DOE understands that 
these models are already tested using the DOE test procedure.\14\ 
Therefore, elimination of the 24-foot threshold from the test procedure 
update will not add any test burden.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \14\ DOE acknowledges that in the December 2021 SNOPR, in the 
context of the Paperwork Reduction Act analysis, DOE stated that it 
reviewed the market for ceiling fans with a diameter greater than 24 
feet and identified 4 models currently being offered for sale by 2 
manufacturers. 86 FR 69544, 69562. To clarify, the identified 
ceiling fans had the potential for a diameter greater than 24 feet. 
DOE assumed 4 models having a diameter greater than 24 feet. Upon 
further review, DOE has since concluded that only two models have a 
diameter greater than 24 feet.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For the reasons discussed, in this final rule DOE is removing the 
24-foot blade span limit in section 3.4.1 of appendix U, which expands 
the scope of the test procedure for LDCFs to ceiling fans having a 
blade span larger than 24 feet. As such, representations of energy 
efficiency and energy use made with respect to LDCFs, including those 
with blade spans larger than 24 feet, must be made in accordance with 
this final rule beginning 180 days after publication of the final rule 
in the Federal Register. (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2)) DOE will address any 
potential changes to the scope of standards for LDCFs in a separate 
rulemaking.
b. Scope of Test Procedure for Belt-Driven Ceiling Fans
    Section 1.3 of appendix U defines a ``belt-driven ceiling fan'' as 
``a ceiling fan with a series of one or more fan heads, each driven by 
a belt connected to one or more motors that are located outside of the 
fan head.'' In the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE proposed to amend the test 
procedure to include a type of high-speed, single-head, belt-driven 
ceiling fan, which stakeholders identified as having come onto the 
market since belt-driven ceiling fans had been excluded from energy 
conservation standards. 86 FR 69544, 69552. DOE stated that unlike 
other belt-driven ceiling fans, high-speed, single-head, belt-driven 
ceiling fans are not customizable, and the fan head can be isolated for 
testing. DOE noted that, in contrast to the low-speed multiple head 
belt-driven ceiling fans, these designs allow single-head belt-driven 
ceiling fans to be tested using the test procedures in appendix U. 86 
FR 69544, 69552.
    Accordingly, DOE proposed to define high-speed belt-driven 
(``HSBD'') ceiling fan as a small-diameter ceiling fan that is a belt-
driven ceiling fan with one fan head, and has tip speeds greater than 
or equal to 5000 feet per minute. Id. DOE notes that in its proposal, 
``greater than or equal to 5000 feet per minute'' was consistent with 
the tip speed identified by stakeholders as corresponding to a new type 
of belt-driven fan that had come to market with a larger motor and 
higher tip speeds. 86 FR 69544, 69551-69552. However, in the December 
2021 SNOPR, DOE also suggested that it would consider other tip speed 
thresholds. Id.
    DOE also stated that it had identified at least one belt-driven 
ceiling fan with a marketed blade span of greater than 7 feet. DOE 
proposed to define large-diameter belt-driven (``LDBD'') ceiling fan as 
a belt-driven ceiling fan with one fan head that has a represented 
value of blade span, as determined in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(3)(i), greater 
than seven feet. Id. Further, DOE also suggested that it may consider a 
combined term and definition for all belt-driven ceiling fans that meet 
the scope of HSBD and LDBD ceiling fans. DOE discussed that by removing 
``small-diameter'' in the definition, the alternate HSBD definition 
should accommodate belt-driven ceiling fans with blade spans greater 
than seven feet. Id.
    Generally, the CA IOUs, ALA, and the Efficiency Advocates commented 
that they supported expanding the scope of the test procedure to cover 
high-speed, single-head, belt-driven ceiling fans. (CA IOUs, No. 46 at 
pp. 2-3; ALA, No. 45 at p. 2; Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at pp. 1-2) 
The Efficiency Advocates commented that they believe covering HSBD and 
LDBDs provides a level

[[Page 50404]]

playing field for manufacturers and permits purchasers to make informed 
decisions. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at pp. 1-2) Regarding coverage 
of LDBDs, AMCA commented that they are only aware of one LDBD ceiling 
fan and stated that there is no reason for it to be excluded from other 
large-diameter ceiling fans based solely on drive type. (AMCA, No. 43 
at p. 5) AMCA added that the large-diameter ceiling fan product class 
already includes both gear-driven and direct-drive ceiling fans, such 
that adding LDBD ceiling fans would be consistent with current 
requirements. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 5) The CA IOUs commented that DOE 
should avoid creating a separate product class for LDBD fans and should 
instead include them with large-diameter ceiling fans because they will 
have the same metric and should be held to the same standard. (CA IOUs, 
No. 46 at p. 3) ALA agreed that LDBDs should be included with large-
diameter ceiling fans. (ALA, No. 42 at p. 10)
    ALA commented that they supported DOE not proposing a test 
procedure for low-speed belt-driven ceiling fans. (ALA, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 42 at p. 27)
    Based on comment received and further review, DOE has not 
identified any unique applications for LDBDs as compared to HSBDs. Both 
DOE and commenters have only identified one ceiling fan that would meet 
the definition of LDBD. Further, the one LDBD identified is marketed 
for similar applications to all other HSBDs. Given that both types of 
fans serve the same application and can be tested according to the same 
procedures, in this final rule, DOE is adopting a definition for HSBD 
that removes any distinction based on diameter.
    DOE notes there are not currently energy conservation standards 
that would be applicable to HSBD ceiling fans and that it is currently 
evaluating potential energy conservation standards for HSBD ceiling 
fans in a separate energy conservation standards rulemaking (See docket 
EERE-2021-BT-STD-0011). As part of that rulemaking, DOE will consider 
whether it is technologically feasible and economically justified to 
establish energy conservation standards for HSBDs.
    Regarding the proposed tip speed threshold for the HSBD definition, 
AMCA and ALA both recommended that DOE align the tip speed threshold 
with the existing blade thickness and tip speed thresholds separating 
HSSD and LSSD ceiling fans.\15\ (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 5; ALA No. 45 at p. 
2) AMCA commented that it supports the definition because there is a 
lack of reliable performance data for HSBD, the use of a consistent 
tip-speed threshold (i.e., the tip-speed threshold used for the current 
HSSD and LSSD definitions) might be more appropriate. (AMCA, No. 43 at 
p. 5) ALA further commented that all low-speed, multiple head belt-
driven ceiling fans should remain exempted from testing requirements. 
(ALA, No. 45 at p. 2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \15\ While there is no tip speed threshold for a ceiling fan 
with a blade thickness less than 3.2mm, at or above 3.2mm, the tip 
speed thresholds vary from 2,400 fpm to 3,200 fpm to 4,000 fpm, 
depending on direction of airflow and blade thickness. See HSSD and 
LSSD ceiling fan definitions in section 1 of appendix U.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The tip-speed thresholds used to separate LSSD and HSSD ceiling 
fans, as defined in section 1.13 of appendix U (renumbered as section 
1.14 in this final rule) and section 1.8 of appendix U, respectively, 
generally align with the tip-speed thresholds defined by industry 
safety standard UL 507-2017, ``Standard for Electric Fans,'' which 
specifies that ceiling fans with tip speeds higher than the threshold 
cannot be installed below ten feet without a ceiling fan guard. Given 
this, and in lieu of any additional performance data beyond the initial 
stakeholder comment that formed the basis of DOE's proposal in the 
December 2021 SNOPR, DOE agrees with AMCA and ALA that the tip speed 
used to differentiate HSSD from LSSD ceiling fans would provide a more 
justifiable and appropriate tip speed to distinguish belt-driven 
ceiling fans that are high speed from those that are low speed because 
it aligns with existing ceiling fan safety standards. In this final 
rule, DOE defines the tip-speed threshold for HSBD ceiling fans 
consistent with the thresholds differentiating HSSD and LSSD ceiling 
fans.
    In the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE noted that the airflow of HSBD fans 
was much higher than other small-diameter ceiling fans and because of 
that, the small-diameter ceiling fan test procedure (i.e., using sensor 
arm setup) could be problematic. 86 FR 69544, 69552. As such, DOE 
proposed to test all HSBD fans according to section 3.4 of appendix U, 
which references AMCA 230-15. DOE requested comment on its proposed 
test method. Id. Related, DOE proposed requiring the use of the CFEI 
metric, rather than a cubic feet per minute (``CFM'') per Watt (``W'') 
metric (``CFM/W''), to characterize the energy efficiency of HSBD 
ceiling fans. 86 FR 69544, 69553.
    AMCA commented that because of the relatively high airflow of HSBD 
ceiling fans, AMCA 230 is the most appropriate test procedure and 
therefore supported using that standard to test HSBD ceiling fans. 
(AMCA, No. 43 at p. 5) AMCA stated that they did not have estimated 
operating speeds and hours for HSBD ceiling fans, which would be needed 
for a CFM/W metric, and supported use of the CFEI metric for HSBD fans. 
(AMCA, No. 43 at pp. 5-6) The Efficiency Advocates supported the use of 
CFEI for all belt-driven ceiling fans, including high-speed and/or 
large diameter belt-driven ceiling fans given that the airflows are 
more similar to large-diameter ceiling fans. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 
44 at pp. 1-2)
    DOE did not receive any comments in opposition to testing HSBD 
ceiling fans using AMCA 230-15 or calculating efficiency based on CFEI. 
In this final rule, DOE is amending appendix U to specify that HSBD 
ceiling fans are to be tested using AMCA 230-15 and have efficiency 
calculated based on CFEI.
    In the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE proposed to require HSBDs capable 
of only single-speed operation to be tested at only high speed and for 
HSBDs capable of variable speed operation to be tested at high speed 
and 40-percent speed. 86 FR 69544, 69553.
    AMCA, CA IOUs and the Efficiency Advocates noted that all ceiling 
fans are required to meet the design conditions prescribed by EPCA, 
which require multi-speed operation. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 7; CA IOUs, 
No. 46 at pp. 2-3; Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at p. 2-3; ASAP, Public 
Meeting Transcript, No. 42 at p. 25) The CA IOUs asked that DOE clarify 
that all ceiling fans, including belt-driven ceiling fans, centrifugal 
ceiling fan, oscillating ceiling fans, or ceiling fans whose blades' 
plane of rotation cannot be within 45 degrees of horizontal, still need 
to meet the ceiling fan design requirements. (CA IOUs, No. 46 at p. 3) 
The Efficiency Advocates stated that one of EPCA's requirement is that 
all ceiling fans manufactured after January 1, 2007, are required to 
have adjustable speed controls and that DOE should clarify how testing 
of single-speed BDCFs interacts with the EPCA requirements. (Efficiency 
Advocates, No. 44 at pp. 2-3) These commenters are correct that all 
ceiling fans manufactured on or after January 1, 2007 are required to 
meet the design standards specified at 10 CFR 430.32(s)(1), including 
the requirement to have adjustable speed controls. As such, all HSBDs 
sold on the market must be capable of variable speed operation and the 
proposed provisions

[[Page 50405]]

pertaining to HSBDs capable of only single speed operation are 
superfluous). Accordingly, in this final rule, DOE is adopting language 
requiring HSBDs to be tested at both high speed and 40 percent speed or 
the nearest speed that is not less than 40 percent speed.
    DOE notes there are not currently energy conservation standards 
that would be applicable to HSBD ceiling fans. As such, and as 
discussed further in section III.Q of this document, the coverage of 
HSBD ceiling fans under the test procedure does not require that these 
fans be subject to such testing. Were a manufacturer to voluntarily 
make representations of the energy efficiency of such fans, any such 
representation would be required to be based on testing in accordance 
with the DOE test procedure and such representation must fairly 
disclose the results of such testing. (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(1))
c. Scope of Test Procedure for VSD Ceiling Fans
    Appendix U prescribes a test method for LSSD and HSSD ceiling fans, 
but does not explicitly prescribe a test method for VSD ceiling fans. 
The HSSD ceiling fan definition excludes VSD ceiling fans. As such, 
appendix U provides a method of testing only those VSD ceiling fans 
that meet the LSSD ceiling fan definition. In the September 2019 NOPR, 
DOE proposed to specify explicitly that VSD ceiling fans that do not 
also meet the definition of LSSD fan are not required to be tested 
pursuant to the DOE test method for purposes of demonstrating 
compliance with DOE's energy conservation standards for ceiling fans or 
representations of efficiency. 84 FR 51440, 51445. DOE requested 
comments on this proposal. Id.
    ALA, Hunter and AMCA supported DOE's proposal to exclude VSD 
ceiling fans that do not meet the definition of LSSD. (ALA, No. 45 at 
p. 1; Hunter, No. 29 at p. 3; ALA, No. 34 at p. 3; AMCA, No. 33 at p. 
8)
    For the reasons discussed, in this final rule, DOE is adopting the 
more explicit specification that VSD ceiling fans that do not meet the 
definition of LSSD ceiling fan are not required to be tested pursuant 
to appendix U. In other words, only VSD ceiling fans that meet the 
definition of LSSD fan are required to be tested using appendix U. DOE 
notes, however, that all VSD ceiling fans are still required to meet 
the design standards specified in 10 CFR 430.32(s).
    The Efficiency Advocates, which includes ASAP, encouraged DOE to 
cover VSD fans that are not LSSD ceiling fans in the separate fans and 
blowers rulemaking, especially the VSD fans that have a diameter-to-
maximum operating speed ratio less than 0.06. (Efficiency Advocates, 
No. 44 at p. 4; ASAP, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 42 at p. 36) ASAP 
explained that the physical characteristics of these higher-speed VSD 
ceiling fans are more similar to air-circulating fan heads. (ASAP, 
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 42 at p. 36) On October 1, 2021, DOE 
issued a request for information (``RFI'') seeking comment and 
information regarding coverage as part of a separate rulemaking for 
fans and blowers.\16\ 86 FR 54412 (``October 2021 RFI''). The October 
2021 RFI included discussion of ACFHs, which as discussed in section 
III.A.1 of this document, generally have a ratio of fan blade span to 
maximum rotation rate less than 0.06 in/RPM and therefore are not 
considered to provide ``circulating air'' as defined by this final rule 
(and therefore do not meet the definition of ceiling fan). 86 FR 54412, 
54414. DOE will consider any further comments regarding coverage of 
ACFHs as part of the fans and blowers rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \16\ See Docket No. EERE-2021-BT-TP-0021 at www.regulations.gov.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. Standards Incorporated by Reference

    Appendix U references certain provisions of the industry test 
standards AMCA 208-18 and AMCA 230-15, both of which are incorporated 
by reference. See 10 CFR 430.3(b)(2) and (4).
    As discussed in the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE was made aware that 
AMCA 230-15 was inconsistent in its conversion of measurements to 
standard air density. 86 FR 69544, 69551. Whereas calculated thrust is 
converted to standard air density (Section 9.3 of AMCA 230-15), 
electric input power is not. Thrust (which is used to determine airflow 
in CFM) and electric input power are inputs to the CFEI metric 
described in AMCA 208-18. Therefore, without the correction, the same 
fan can have different values for CFEI depending on the density of the 
air where the fan is being tested.
    On May 5, 2021, AMCA made a correction to address the inconsistency 
in the industry standard in the form of a technical errata sheet for 
AMCA 230-15.\17\ The technical errata sheet details that the 
corrections listed in the errata sheet apply to all copies of AMCA 230-
15. In response to the December 2021 SNOPR, AMCA stated that it 
supports the technical errata sheet for AMCA 230-15 being treated as a 
part of AMCA 230-15. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 11)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \17\ The publication date of the errata sheet is listed as June 
2021. See www.techstreet.com/amca/standards/amca-230-15?product_id=1904250#amendments.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In this final rule, DOE is updating the incorporation by reference 
of AMCA 230-15 to include the 2021 technical errata sheet. In addition, 
DOE is implementing organizational changes whereby DOE is incorporating 
the entirety of AMCA 230-15 at 10 CFR 430.3 and providing a new index 
within appendix U to provide the specific provisions of AMCA 230-15, 
AMCA 208-18, and IEC 62301-U that apply to the DOE test procedure. This 
amendment is strictly organizational and has no substantive impact on 
the test procedure.

C. Efficiency Metric for Small-Diameter Ceiling Fans

    Ceiling fan efficiency is currently expressed in terms of CFM/W for 
small-diameter ceiling fans (See section 4 of appendix U) and CFEI for 
large-diameter ceiling fans (section 5 of Appendix U).
    VES commented that, while they accept CFM as a unit for the metric, 
consumers care about the speed of the air they encounter, which is more 
clearly conveyed by feet per minute (``FPM''). (VES, No. 25 at p. 2) 
DOE notes that the CFM/W metric is an industry-accepted efficiency 
metric for ceiling fans. DOE is not aware of any existing test 
procedures for ceiling fans for which the ``useful output of services'' 
is measured in FPM rather than CFM. Accordingly, DOE is not considering 
a metric based on FPM in this final rule.
    The Efficiency Advocates, which includes ASAP, recommended that DOE 
consider a metric other than CFM/W for small-diameter ceiling fans, 
such as CFEI, to account for the differences in airflow. (Efficiency 
Advocates, No. 44 at p. 3; ASAP, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 42 at 
p. 17) The Efficiency Advocates explained that the minimum DOE 
efficiency levels for small-diameter ceiling fans are a function of 
diameter only and do not reflect the cubic relationship between airflow 
and power. As such, higher airflow fans generally have more difficulty 
meeting CFM/W standards compared to fans of the same diameter that 
provide lower airflow. The Efficiency Advocates discussed ENERGY 
STAR[supreg]-certified fans, which generally use similar motors, but 
are certified for a range of CFM/W values at a given blade span. 
(Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at p. 3; ASAP, Public Meeting Transcript, 
No. 42 at p. 17) The Efficiency Advocates suggested DOE investigate the 
extent to which the large range in CFM/W rating are a product of 
airflow differences rather than use of technologies aimed at reducing 
power

[[Page 50406]]

consumption. Id. The Efficiency Advocates stated that differences in 
airflow were problematic for LDCFs, which led to the establishment of 
the CFEI metric, and commented that an alternative metric like CFEI 
would provide similar benefits to small-diameter ceiling fans. 
(Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at pp. 3-4; ASAP, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 42 at p. 18)
    ALA commented that the CFEI metric is not workable for small-
diameter ceiling fans in its current form and supported the continued 
use of the CFM/W metric for small-diameter ceiling fans. (ALA, No. 45 
at p. 1)
    DOE notes that the CFEI metric uses airflow constants, pressure 
constants, and fan efficiency constants, that were developed 
specifically for large-diameter ceiling fans and may not hold for 
small-diameter ceiling fans.\18\ No similar constants exist for small-
diameter ceiling fans. In the technical support document supporting the 
February 2022 energy conservation standards preliminary analysis,\19\ 
DOE highlighted several additional reasons regarding why a CFEI metric 
would potentially not have the same advantages for small-diameter 
ceiling fans as it does for large-diameter ceiling fans. Specifically, 
DOE noted that the CFM/W metric originated in the ENERGY STAR[supreg] 
program in 2002.\20\ As such, changing to a CFEI metric for small-
diameter ceiling fans could lead to confusion in the industry. Large-
diameter ceiling fans were never included in the ENERGY STAR[supreg] 
program and as such did not have the consumer association with the CFM/
W metric. Further, DOE noted that the reduced speed controls of small-
diameter ceiling fans made small-diameter ceiling fans less susceptible 
to gaming operating speeds to improve efficiency. Lastly, DOE noted 
that the reduced variability in maximum flow made it more likely that 
improvements in efficiency for small-diameter ceiling fans would be 
reflected in either a CFEI and CFM/W metric.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \18\ Air Movement and Control Associate (AMCA), Introducing 
Ceiling Fan Energy Index (CFEI) and Changes to the U.S. Regulation 
for Large-Diameter Ceiling Fans [White Paper], 2021. Available at: 
www.amca.org/assets/resources/public/assets/uploads/Introducing_Ceiling_Fan_Energy_Index_2.pdf.
    \19\ Available at Docket No. EERE-2021-BT-STD-0011-0015.
    \20\ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. ENERGY STAR[supreg] 
Testing Facility Guidance Manual: Building a Testing Facility and 
Performing the Solid State Test Method for ENERGY STAR Qualified 
Ceiling Fans: Version 1.1. 2002. www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/manuf_res/downloads/ceiltestfinal.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Regarding the Efficiency Advocates' observation that there are 
products certified in the ENERGY STAR[supreg] database with similar 
diameters and large CFM/W ranges, DOE notes that the ENERGY 
STAR[supreg] efficiency levels align with the max-tech efficiency 
levels from the energy conservation standards final rule published on 
January 19, 2017.\21\ 82 FR 6826. In establishing those max-tech 
efficiency levels, DOE did not consider blade shape, as blade shape is 
a driver of consumer aesthetics. Further, the CFM/W metric incorporates 
standby power. Id. at 82 FR 6838 Therefore, there is expected to be a 
range of certified CFM/W values for small-diameter ceiling fans, even 
if all ceiling fans used the same motor, because manufacturers use 
different blade shapes and incorporate different features that consume 
power in standby mode. For these reasons, DOE is uncertain that an 
alternative metric would add value to consumers of small-diameter 
ceiling fans. As such, DOE has maintained use of the CFM/W metric for 
small-diameter ceiling fans and the CFEI metric for large-diameter 
ceiling fans in this final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \21\ Discussion of how ENERGY STAR Version 4.0 was developed, 
which references DOE January 2017 Final Rule, is available at: 
www.energystar.gov/products/spec/ceiling_fans_specification_version_4_0_pd.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

D. Standby Power Test Procedure for Large-Diameter and High-Speed Belt-
Driven Ceiling Fans

    As discussed, EPCA requires that amended test procedures and energy 
conservation standards incorporate standby mode and off mode energy 
use.\22\ (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2) and (3)) Amended test procedures must 
integrate standby mode and off mode energy consumption into the overall 
energy efficiency, energy consumption, or other energy descriptor, 
unless the current test procedures for a covered product already 
incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption, or such an 
integrated test procedure is technically infeasible, in which case the 
Secretary shall prescribe a separate standby mode and off mode energy 
use test procedure for the covered product, if technically feasible. 
(42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(2)(A))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \22\ EPCA defines ``standby mode'' as the condition in which an 
energy-using product is connected to a main power source, and offers 
one or more of the following user-oriented or protective functions: 
(1) the ability to facilitate the activation or deactivation of 
other functions (including active mode) by remote switch (including 
remote control), internal sensor, or timer; and (2) continuous 
functions, including information or status displays (including 
clocks), or sensor-based functions. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(iii)) 
``Off mode'' is the condition in which the ceiling fan is connected 
to a main power source and is not providing any standby or active 
mode function. (42 U.S.C. 6295(gg)(1)(A)(ii))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE tentatively determined that it 
would be technically infeasible to integrate standby power with the 
statutory CFEI requirements, such that the integrated metric would be 
representative of an average period of use as required by EPCA. 86 FR 
69544, 69553. DOE noted that the Energy Act of 2020 established two 
CFEI requirements (i.e., high-speed requirement and 40-percent 
requirement), and each of these required metrics does not fully account 
for active mode energy use or efficiency. Therefore, neither metric 
would be appropriately representative if integrated with standby mode 
operation because the resulting metric would capture a portion of 
active mode energy and the total standby energy use, and such an 
integrated metric would not be representative of an average period of 
use. Id.
    Considering the tentative determination that integrating standby 
power into the CFEI metric was technically infeasible, DOE proposed a 
separate metric for standby mode energy use. 86 FR 69544, 69553. 
Specifically, DOE proposed that the test method for power consumption 
in standby mode already established in section 3.6 of appendix U remain 
applicable to LDCFs. 86 FR 69544, 69554. DOE further proposed that 
while the standby power test method would remain applicable, 
manufacturers would not be required to test to that provision until 
such time as compliance is required with an energy conservation 
standard for standby mode. Id.
    DOE also stated that if a CFEI metric were adopted for HSBD ceiling 
fans, as DOE has done in this final rule, a separate standby mode 
energy use metric would need to be established for HSBDs as well. Id. 
DOE proposed to measure HSBD standby power according to section 3.6 of 
appendix U, consistent with other types of ceiling fans. Id.
    AMCA commented that it agrees that it is technically infeasible to 
incorporate standby power into the CFEI metric. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 6; 
AMCA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 42 at pp. 9, 29) AMCA stated that 
they will work with other stakeholders to develop one or more 
approaches that would be easier to measure, report and comply with and 
explained that they are striving to tie the standby power requirement 
to CFEI levels, essentially giving credit to the higher efficiency fans 
where their use of standby power in many cases is directly related to 
delivering greater overall operating efficiency and where an

[[Page 50407]]

incorrectly designed standby power requirement might as a disincentive 
to improving products' operating efficiency. (AMCA, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 42 at pp. 9-10) AMCA commented that higher standby 
power is typically associated with smart technologies that reduce 
operating power consumption, operating hours, or differing drive 
systems that improve operating performance or reduce energy 
consumption. (AMCA, No. 43 at pp. 6-7) AMCA added that too strict of a 
maximum standby power limit would hinder implementation of innovative 
``smart'' technologies that could increase overall operating energy 
efficiency in exchange for using modestly higher levels of standby 
power. AMCA proposed that a standby-power allowance be tied to CFEI 
levels rated at full speed, such that the higher the CFEI rating, the 
greater the allowance for standby power. Based on the example table 
provided by AMCA, an LDCF ceiling fan with CFEI rating of 1.00 would 
have a standby power allowance of 15 W; each 0.02 CFEI increment above 
1.00 would be allowed 1 additional W of standby power (such that a CFEI 
rating of 1.20 would correspond with a standby power allowance of 25 W, 
for example). (AMCA, No. 43 at pp. 6-9) ALA urged DOE to use caution 
when considering a standby power metric for LDCFs. (ALA, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 42 at p. 7)
    Regarding HSBDs, AMCA recommended a separate standby power 
requirement, but stated that data for these products is limited. (AMCA, 
No. 43 at p. 10; AMCA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 42 at p. 10) AMCA 
also commented that adequate time will be needed before the effective 
date of a maximum standby power consumption, so that the most cost-
effective and robust solutions can be developed. (AMCA, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 42 at p. 10)
    The CA IOUs and Efficiency Advocates commented that they support 
DOE's proposal to add a separate standby metric for LDCFs. (CA IOUs, 
No. 46 at p. 1; Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at p. 2)
    DOE did not receive any comment recommending an alternative test 
procedure for standby power for LDCFs or HSBDs. For the reasons 
discussed, DOE is maintaining that standby power for LDCFs be measured 
according to section 3.6 of appendix U and also requiring standby power 
for HSBDs to be measured according to section 3.6 of appendix U. 
Manufacturers of LDCFs and HSBDs are not required to test to that 
provision until such time as compliance is required with an energy 
conservation standard for standby mode, as specified in the amended 
Note at the beginning of appendix U. Were a manufacturer to voluntarily 
make representations of standby power of such fans, any such 
representation would be required to be based on testing in accordance 
with the DOE test procedure and such representation must fairly 
disclose the results of such testing. (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(1))
    Regarding AMCA's comments suggesting standby power levels be 
associated with CFEI levels, energy conservation standards have not 
been established for standby power for LDCFs and HSBD ceiling fans. DOE 
will consider AMCA's comments and recommendations in its evaluation of 
amended energy conservation standards rulemaking, available at docket 
number EERE-2021-BT-STD-0011.

E. Specifications for Ceiling Fans With Accessories

    Sections 3.3.1 and 3.5.1 of appendix U require that a ceiling fan's 
heater and light kit be installed, but not energized during the power 
consumption measurement. In the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE proposed to 
expand this language to apply more broadly to any additional 
accessories or features that do not relate to the ceiling fan's ability 
to create airflow by the rotation of the fan blades. 86 FR 69544, 
69557. DOE noted that these provisions are in place to include any 
impact these accessories might have on airflow, but prevent any 
reduction of the measured airflow efficiency that would result from 
including power consumption that does not relate to the ceiling fan's 
ability to circulate air. Id. DOE added that this proposal would be a 
clarification, consistent with how manufacturers are currently testing 
additional accessories and requested comment on its proposal. Id.
    The Efficiency Advocates recommended DOE require testing ceiling 
fan accessories and non-airflow related features in their ``as-
shipped'' configuration to ensure that these features only use power 
when turned on by the user. The Efficiency Advocates explained that 
while they understand the intention of the proposal to include ceiling 
fan energy consumption only as it relates to air circulation, they are 
concerned that it could obscure the potentially significant energy 
consumption of these accessories. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at p. 
5) The Efficiency Advocates recommended that DOE consider exploring 
methods for provisions to take into account the energy-saving potential 
of accessory smart technologies, such as occupancy sensors, that reduce 
operating hours and saved energy overall. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 
at pp. 4-5)
    AMCA and ALA both supported testing products with additional 
features powered off. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 9; ALA, No. 45 at p. 3) 
Regarding installation of accessories during testing of standby power, 
AMCA commented that there is no definition of minimum testable 
configuration, which complicates testing given the evolving options for 
controllers, occupancy sensors, line conditioners, etc. (AMCA, No. 43 
at p. 8) AMCA added that large-diameter ceiling fans can be sold with 
multiple fans tied to a single controller and that these controllers 
would use more standby power than a controller designed for a single 
fan. (AMCA No. 43 at p. 8) AMCA proposed that DOE test with only 
standard accessories. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 8) AMCA stated that optional 
product features should not be energized because they facilitate energy 
savings that are orders of magnitude greater than the associated 
standby losses. AMCA specifically commented that advanced human-machine 
interfaces, transmitters/transducers for wireless communication, 
connection to external automation systems, HVAC control circuitry, and 
occupancy sensors should be excluded from the standby power 
measurement. (AMCA, No. 43 at pp. 9) AMCA also stated that optional 
devices that serve tertiary functions beyond air circulation also 
should be powered off including light kits, heaters, and germicidal 
devices. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 10)
    DOE notes that ceiling fans typically have to be wired by the user 
or an installer and as such are shipped in a configuration intended to 
provide user friendly and safe installs. Ceiling fans and their 
accessories, like light kits and heaters, are typically turned on and 
off repeatedly in their lifetime and consumers are familiar with the 
process of turning them and their accessories on and off, regardless of 
how it is shipped. Given the installation and consumer use of ceiling 
fans, it is unlikely that accessories would remain in the on-position 
unless intended by the consumer. As such, requiring testing in their 
``as-shipped'' configuration would not provide a more representative 
measure of energy use of the ceiling fan.
    In this final rule, DOE is adopting its proposed clarification that 
additional features (not just heaters and light kits) are either 
powered off or set at the lowest energy-consuming mode during testing.
    Section 3.6 of appendix U provides that when testing standby power, 
the

[[Page 50408]]

ceiling fan must remain connected to the main power supply and be in 
the same configuration as in active mode. As such, the clarification 
that additional accessories are to be installed, but powered off would 
apply to the standby power measurement as well. As DOE noted, the 
intention of this provision is to capture the impact that these 
additional accessories have on airflow, while preventing any reduction 
in efficiency associated with power consumption that does not relate to 
a ceiling fan's ability to circulate air. The additional accessories 
cited by AMCA associated with the ceiling fan controller do not impact 
the airflow of a ceiling fan and as such are intended to be either 
powered off or set to the lowest energy-consuming mode for testing. To 
the extent that additional accessories are a part of an upgraded 
controller that is not part of the default ceiling fan model, those are 
to be left uninstalled as they are separate add-on purchases by a 
consumer. This is consistent with how large-diameter ceiling fan 
standby power was considered in the January 2017 Final Rule (which 
cites 7 W of power as the average standby power for large-diameter 
ceiling fans, consistent with the average power measurement for default 
controllers, not the standby power of an upgraded controller) and is 
consistent with manufacturer published literature for large-diameter 
ceiling fan standby power consumption. 82 FR 6826, 6847.
    To avoid confusion as to which controller is used for testing, in 
the case where multiple advanced controllers are offered, DOE is adding 
an additional clarification to its specifications for ceiling fan 
accessories. Specifically, DOE is clarifying that if the ceiling fan is 
offered with a default controller, test using the default controller. 
If multiple controllers are offered, test using the minimally 
functional controller. Testing using the minimally functional 
controller is consistent with the direction to test with accessories 
not energized during the power consumption measurement. Controller 
functions other than the minimal functions (i.e., the functions 
necessary to operate the ceiling fan blades) are akin to accessories 
that do not relate to the ceiling fan's ability to create airflow by 
the rotation of the fan blades. This addition clarifies the existing 
test procedure and does not impact the test burden or measured standby 
power values.
    Regarding ``smart'' technologies, DOE's existing test procedure for 
small-diameter ceiling fans incorporates estimated operating hours of a 
ceiling fan and uses those operating hours to derive a representative 
CFM/W metric by including low-speed operation, high-speed operation, 
and standby hours. While additional sensors may influence operating 
hours, DOE does not have any data indicating the degree to which these 
technologies would impact operating hours and no data has been provided 
to indicate that the current test procedure is not representative of 
ceiling fans with ``smart'' technologies.
    To the extent that smart features are able to be turned off, DOE 
notes that the adopted language clarifies that any additional feature 
not related to airflow is to be turned off or set to set at the lowest 
energy-consuming mode. Therefore, smart technologies that can be 
disabled would not impact the efficiency as measured by DOE's test 
procedure.

F. Ceiling Fan Test Voltage

    Sections 3.3.1(5) and 3.4.3 of appendix U provide direction for 
determining the supply voltage when testing a LSSD and HSSD ceiling 
fan, and LDCFs, respectively, based on the rated voltage of the fan. 
Further, sections 3.3.1(6) and 3.4.4 of appendix U provide direction 
for determining the supply voltage phase (either single- or multi-
phase) when testing a LSSD and HSSD ceiling fan, and large-diameter 
ceiling fan, respectively, based on the rated supply power of the fan.
    In response to the December 2021 SNOPR, AMCA commented that the 
current language regarding voltage and phase requirements is ambiguous 
in certain cases, and provided an example for a ceiling fan that can 
operate in single phase or three phase and is rated for operation at 
100-300V. AMCA asserted that the current provisions could be 
interpreted to require testing with 120 V, three-phase power in the 
example provided, which would not seem appropriate because 120V, three-
phase power does not exist in the United States. (AMCA, No. 43 at pp. 
13-14)
    AMCA's comments demonstrate that the language as written could be 
misinterpreted by test laboratories. As noted by AMCA, 120V is 
generally associated only with single-phase power in the United States. 
As such, in following the supply voltage and supply phase provisions of 
the test procedure, the rated supply voltage and rated supply phase 
should be considered together, not independently. Accordingly, for a 
ceiling fan that must be tested with multi-phase power, the ceiling 
fan's minimum rated voltage would be considered the minimum rated 
voltage for use with multi-phase power, not the minimum rated voltage 
for use with single-phase power. Any contrary interpretation would 
result in a combination of phase and voltage that is not representative 
of an average use cycle.
    To prevent such misinterpretation, DOE is reordering the test 
procedure to present the power supply phase requirements prior to the 
power supply voltage requirements (renumbered as sections 3.3.1(5) and 
3.4.2 in this final rule), which provides a more logical indication 
that the supply phase must be considered before the supply voltage. 
Further, DOE is adding clarification to the supply voltage provisions 
to explicitly state how supply voltage is considered for single-phase 
and multi-phase electricity (renumbered as sections 3.3.1(6) and 3.4.3 
in this final rule). DOE is also explicitly stating that the test power 
supply should be at a frequency of 60 Hz. DOE notes that these changes 
are consistent with the current testing requirements and are only 
intended to provide further clarity to the original requirements. DOE 
does not expect any ceiling fans to have to be re-tested because of 
this clarification given that it aligns with the common industry method 
for rating power supply to a ceiling fan (i.e., including a rated 
supply voltage range at each rated supply phase, not the two 
independently).

G. Low Speed Definition

    Section 1.12 of appendix U defines ``low speed'' to mean ``the 
lowest available ceiling fan speed, i.e., the fan speed corresponding 
to the minimum, non-zero, blade RPM.''
    In the September 2019 NOPR, DOE noted that through round robin 
testing and industry inquiry, DOE is aware that the lowest available 
fan speed on some ceiling fans provides an extremely low rotation rate, 
leading to atypically low airflow. 84 FR 51440, 51446. Because of the 
extremely low rotation rate and atypically low airflow, consumers are 
unlikely to use such a setting to circulate air. Id. at 51447. For such 
products, the lowest speed available on the ceiling fan is not 
representative of the lowest speed for that product that can provide 
``circulation of air''. Accordingly, DOE stated that it is considering 
modifying the definition of low speed and presented a modified 
definition and requested comments on the definition. Id.
    In the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE noted that the low speed as defined 
for the purpose of the current DOE test procedure is not representative 
of the low speed required for ``circulation of air''. 86 FR 69544, 
69554. Further, as

[[Page 50409]]

observed through round robin testing, requiring testing at the ``lowest 
available speed'' would be overly burdensome to test because 
laboratories have trouble meeting the stability criteria. Id. at 86 FR 
695454-69555. Therefore, having considered comments, DOE proposed a 
definition for low speed as follows: Low speed means the lowest 
available ceiling fan speed for which fewer than half or three, 
whichever is fewer, sensors per individual axis are measuring less than 
40 feet per minute. Alternatively, DOE considered representing the same 
proposed definition as a table indicating the number of sensors that 
must measure greater than 40 feet per minute. Id. at 86 FR 69555.
    In response to the proposal, ALA agreed with DOE's assessment 
concerning the measurement of the lowest fan speed and supported the 
proposal to amend the definition for low speed. ALA stated that the 
proposed table is acceptable as well, but encouraged DOE to merge the 
table with the table in section 1.13 of appendix U. (ALA, No. 45 at p. 
3) In the public meeting, ALA recommended that similar to the 
definition in section 1.13 in appendix U, they support a low-speed 
definition that has both written text and a table. (ALA, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 42 at p. 33) Westinghouse commented that charts are 
much easier for the labs and non-technical people to understand. 
(Westinghouse, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 42 at p. 32).
    Section 1.13 of appendix U (renumbered as section 1.14 in this 
final rule) specifies the definition for low-speed small-diameter 
ceiling fan. The definition DOE proposed to update, however, is for low 
speed. ALA did not clarify further in their written comments how the 
proposed table for low speed should be incorporated into the LSSD 
ceiling fan definition. However, based on their comment in the public 
meeting, DOE understands ALA's written comments to mean that the low 
speed definition should combine both the proposed text and table.
    As suggested by ALA, DOE considered merging the December 2021 SNOPR 
proposed definition with the table. DOE notes that the proposed 
definition and the table were different presentations of the same 
criteria to meet the proposed low-speed definition. The proposed 
definition was based on the number of sensors measuring less than 40 
fpm, whereas the table was based on the number of sensors measuring at 
40 fpm or greater. As suggested by Westinghouse, DOE agrees that the 
table presents the definition in a manner that is likely to be more 
clearly understood generally. As such, in this final rule, DOE is 
amending the definition for low speed consistent with the alternate 
consideration in the December 2021 SNOPR, as follows:
    Low speed means the lowest available speed that meets the following 
criteria:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Number of sensors per individual     Number of sensors per individual
   axis as  determined in section     axis measuring 40 feet per minute
     3.2.2(6) of this appendix                    or greater
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            3                                    2
                            4                                    3
                            5                                    3
                            6                                    4
                            7                                    4
                            8                                    5
                            9                                    6
                           10                                    7
                           11                                    8
                           12                                    9
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Note that in this final rule, low speed definition is renumbered 
from section 1.12 to section 1.13 in appendix U. Furthermore, DOE is 
including explicit instructions in the test procedure to start at the 
lowest speed and move to the next highest speed until the low speed 
definition (as amended) is met. This will ensure the identification of 
the lowest speed of the fan that meets the low speed definition. Note 
that in this final rule, DOE has included these explicit instructions 
in steps 4a through 7 in section 3.3.2 of appendix U.
    DOE expects that this amendment will reduce the total test time per 
unit for low speed tests for a subset of LSSD ceiling fans. As had been 
defined, low speed likely required laboratories to run tests for a long 
period before achieving the necessary stability criteria requirements. 
The amended test method could mitigate the occurrence of these long 
test runs. DOE estimates that manufacturers of LSSD ceiling fans that 
conduct testing in-house could save approximately 60 minutes in per-
unit testing time due to the revised low speed criteria.
    DOE does not expect this amendment to require retesting or to 
change measured efficiency for the majority of LSSD ceiling fans. 
However, for the small subset of LSSD ceiling fans for which the lowest 
speed is at an extremely low rotation rate and provides a low airflow, 
retesting may be required if the lowest speed does not meet the amended 
definition of low speed. In the instances under the amended test method 
for which testing at the next highest speed were to be required, 
testing at the next highest speed would likely result in increased 
power consumption, but it would also result in increased airflow. The 
resulting ceiling fan efficiency would be calculated by weighting the 
airflow and power consumption results from the high speed test (which 
remains unchanged) and standby/off-mode with the low speed test, 
resulting in a weighted average CFM/W (Equation 1, appendix U). Because 
the measured efficiency is a ratio of airflow and power consumption at 
high speed, low speed and standby/off-mode, and testing at the next 
highest speed would result in an increase in airflow as well as power 
consumption only for low speed (which has the lowest operating hours, 
as presented in Table 3 of appendix U), DOE expects the amended low 
speed definition to have an insignificant effect on ceiling fan 
efficiency for the applicable subset of LSSD ceiling fans.
    The cost and cost saving impacts of this update are discussed in 
section III.P of this document.

H. Alternate Stability Criteria for Average Air Velocity Measurements

    Section 3.3.2(1) of appendix U requires that the average air 
velocity for each sensor must vary by less than 5 percent compared to 
the average air velocity measured for that same sensor in a successive 
set of air velocity measurements. Stable measurements are required to 
be achieved at only high speed for HSSD ceiling fans, and at both low 
and high speed for LSSD ceiling fans. In the September 2019 NOPR, DOE 
discussed receiving several inquiries from manufacturers citing 
difficulties with meeting the stability criteria at low speed for 
certain basic models of ceiling fans. 84 FR 51440, 51446. Accordingly, 
DOE evaluated available test data to investigate these difficulties and 
to determine whether increased tolerances for air velocity stability 
criteria for low-speed tests could be used to reduce test burden 
without materially affecting the results of the test procedure. Id. DOE 
used the test data from ceiling fans tested at a third-party testing 
facility to compare the airflow and efficiency results of the test 
procedure with the 5 percent and 10 percent air velocity stability 
criteria applied to low speed. Id. DOE found that increasing the 
stability criteria to 10 percent for low speed would allow more fans to 
meet the stability criteria and reduce the number of successive 
measurements needed to do so without materially changing the efficiency 
results of the test procedure. Id. Therefore, in the September 2019 
NOPR, DOE proposed to increase the air velocity stability criteria for 
testing at low speed from 5 percent to 10 percent. Id.
    AMCA generally stated that this proposal should be able to 
facilitate getting viable ratings for the fans in the labs. They noted 
that this proposal was

[[Page 50410]]

a step in the right direction. (AMCA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 28 
at pp. 50-52) Hunter, BAF and ALA supported the proposal. (Hunter, No. 
29 at p. 3; BAF, No. 36 at p. 2); (ALA, No. 34 at p. 3) BAF stated that 
it believes the proposed increase in tolerance will significantly 
reduce the time require to test LSSD ceiling fans. (BAF, No. 36 at p. 
2) The CA IOUs commented that increasing stability criteria for air 
velocity measurements could change the test results. They suggested 
performing an analysis to determine that impact before changing the 
criteria. (CA IOUs, No. 31 at p. 2) The Efficiency Advocates suggested 
it is unclear whether the stability criteria still needs to be 
increased in light of the proposed change in the low-speed definition, 
which would make stability issues less likely. (Efficiency Advocates, 
No. 44 at p. 4)
    In addition to the evaluation of data discussed in the September 
2019 NOPR, DOE previously evaluated an increase in the low-speed 
stability criteria in response to a petition for a waiver from the test 
procedure. 83 FR 52213 (October 16, 2018). DOE granted BAF a waiver 
that specified an increase in low-speed stability criteria from 5 to 10 
percent. Id. at 85 FR 52216. (Case Number 2017-011.) In the notice of 
petition prior to the decision and order, based on available test data, 
DOE found that increasing the stability criteria would allow the 
subject fans to meet the stability criteria and reduce the number of 
successive measurements needed to do so without materially changing the 
efficiency results. 83 FR 12726, 12729. DOE observed similar minimal 
impacts in the data evaluated for the September 2019 NOPR as well. 84 
FR 51440, 51446. Further, the round robin report also concluded that 
there was minimal impact on efficiency when unstable data (i.e., data 
that could not meet the airflow stability requirements of 5 percent of 
successive runs) was removed from the data set and compared to results 
from stable data (i.e., data that met the airflow stability 
requirements of 5 percent of successive runs) only.\23\ While the 
conclusion of the round robin testing is not specific to increasing 
stability criteria from 5 to 10 percent, it supports that calculating 
efficiency from unstable data does not significantly impact efficiency 
results. Accordingly, DOE continues to conclude that increasing the 
stability criteria will not materially impact efficiency results.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \23\ See pages 13-14 of the round robin report available here: 
www.regulations.gov/document/EERE-2013-BT-TP-0050-0038.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For these reasons, in this final rule DOE increases the air 
velocity stability criteria for testing at low speed from 5 percent to 
10 percent, consistent with the proposal from the September 2019 NOPR. 
This amendment is consistent with the methodology of the alternative 
test method granted to BAS in the waiver decision and order. 83 FR 
52213 Note in this final rule, DOE has included the updated air 
velocity stability criteria for testing at low speed in a new section 
3.3.2(a)(1) in appendix U.
    Regarding the comment from the Efficiency Advocates, DOE notes that 
the amended low speed definition requires only a subset of sensors per 
each axis to measure air velocity at 40 feet per minute or greater. 
Whereas, the amended stability criteria requires the average air 
velocity for all sensors on all axes to meet the 5 percent stability 
criteria. Therefore, even with the amended low speed definition, a 
single sensor not meeting the 5 percent stability criteria at low speed 
could still occur. As such, the amendment of the low-speed definition 
does not obviate the need for the amended stability criteria.
    Finally, this final rule fulfills the regulatory requirement for 
DOE to publish in the Federal Register a notice of proposed rulemaking 
and subsequent final rule to amend its regulations so as to eliminate 
any need for the continuation of such waiver as soon as practicable. 10 
CFR 430.27(l).

I. Sensor Arm Setup

    To record air velocity readings, section 3.3.2 of appendix U 
prescribes two setups for taking airflow measurements along four 
perpendicular axes (designated A, B, C, and D): a single rotating 
sensor arm or four fixed sensor arms. If using a single rotating sensor 
arm, airflow readings are first measured on Axis A, followed by 
successive measurements on Axes B, C, and D. If using four fixed sensor 
arms, the readings for all four axes are measured simultaneously. See 
Steps 4 and 5 of section 3.3.2 of appendix U.
    Comparing the single-arm and four-arm setup, DOE noted in the 
December 2021 SNOPR that while valid results are generally attained 
more quickly using the four-arm setup, the setup is more expensive 
because it requires at least 4 times as many sensors. 86 FR 69544, 
69556. On the other hand, the single-arm setup is less expensive, but 
requires the rotation of the arm every 100 seconds, which disrupts the 
air, often increasing the time to achieve stability. Id.
    During round robin testing, DOE personnel noted that laboratories 
using the single-arm setup waited approximately 30 seconds for arm 
vibration to dissipate before starting data collection at the new 
position. Accordingly, in the December 2021 SNOPR, to address stability 
issues in a single-arm setup, DOE proposed, based on observations from 
the round robin testing, to provide explicit instruction for setups 
that require arm rotation to stabilize the arm and allow 30 seconds 
between test runs for any residual turbulence to dissipate prior to 
data collection after each rotation. 86 FR 69544, 69556. Further, as an 
alternative to single- and four-arm setups, DOE also proposed to allow 
laboratories to rely on test setups with two arms, so that the system 
would need to be rotated only once to collect data for all four axes. 
Id.
    ALA supported this proposal, stating that it would make testing 
more accurate and stable, while also allowing for the flexibility of a 
two-arm option. (ALA, No. 45 at p. 3) DOE did not receive any other 
comments regarding this proposal.
    For the reasons discussed, in this final rule, DOE is adopting the 
December 2021 SNOPR proposal, which includes explicit arm stabilization 
instructions and allows use a test setup with two arms. Note that in 
this final rule, DOE has included these explicit instructions in steps 
4a through 7 in section 3.3.2 of appendix U.

J. Air Velocity Sensor Mounting Angle

    Section 3.2.2 of appendix U does not specify the applicable 
mounting angle of the sensors on the sensor arm. In the December 2021 
SNOPR, DOE noted that air velocity is most accurately measured by 
aligning the velocity sensor perpendicular to the airflow path, as this 
is the orientation for which the airflow through the openings of the 
sensor is smooth and free of turbulence. 86 FR 69544, 69556. DOE 
discussed that during recent round robin testing, some air velocity 
sensors were not aligned perpendicular to the path of airflow, and that 
a misaligned velocity sensor could produce inaccurate air velocity 
measurements. Id. Accordingly, DOE proposed to include explicit 
instructions in section 3.2.2(6) of appendix U to align the air 
velocity sensors perpendicular to the direction of airflow. Further, 
DOE also stated that it would consider either updating or adding a 
figure to depict more clearly the alignment of the velocity sensors 
perpendicular to the direction of airflow. Id.
    ALA supported the proposal to align the air velocity sensors 
perpendicular to

[[Page 50411]]

the direction of airflow and to make necessary changes to Figure 2 of 
appendix U or create a new figure to clearly depict the proper 
alignment. (ALA, No. 45 at p. 3) DOE did not receive any other comments 
on this proposal.
    For the reasons discussed, DOE is adopting the December 2021 SNOPR 
proposal that specifies alignment of the air velocity sensors 
perpendicular to the direction of airflow in section 3.2.2(6) of 
appendix U. Further, DOE is updating Figure 2 of appendix U (renumbered 
as Figure 3 by this final rule) to depict the proper alignment of 
sensors.

K. Instructions To Measure Blade Thickness

    Sections 1.8 in appendix U and section 1.13 in appendix U 
(renumbered as section 1.14 in appendix U) incorporate a fan blade 
thickness threshold of 3.2 mm within the definitions of HSSD ceiling 
fan and LSSD ceiling fan, respectively. Blade edge thickness is used to 
distinguish product classes because it relates to safety considerations 
that, in turn, relate to where a ceiling fan is likely to be installed. 
Ceiling fans installed in commercial and industrial settings are 
typically installed in locations with higher ceilings, and therefore 
thin leading edges on the blades do not present the safety hazard that 
thin leading edges would present on ceiling fans that are installed at 
lower heights, i.e., ceiling fans installed in residential settings.
    Appendix U currently does not provide instruction for how to 
measure fan blade thickness. In the September 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed 
that blade edge thickness for small diameter fans be measured at the 
leading edge of the fan blade (i.e., the edge in the forward direction) 
with an instrument having a measurement resolution of at least a tenth 
of an inch. 84 FR 51440, 51450. DOE also proposed the following 
instructions for measuring blade edge thickness to ensure test 
procedure reproducibility, given potential variations in blade 
characteristics: (1) Measure at the point at which the blade is 
thinnest along the radial length of the fan blade and is greater than 
or equal to one inch from the tip of the fan blade, and (2) Measure one 
inch from the leading edge of the fan blade. Id.
    In response to the September 2019 NOPR, ALA expressed support for 
measuring blade thickness one inch from the tip of the fan blade. (ALA, 
No. 34 at p. 4) Westinghouse also noted their support for this 
proposal. (Westinghouse, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 28 at p. 77)
    Following publication of the September 2019 NOPR, DOE subsequently 
became aware of a ``rolled-edge'' blade design on a residential ceiling 
fan for which the thickness of the body of the blade is less than 3.2 
mm, but that has a curled shape along the leading edge, with the curl 
having an outer thickness greater than 3.2 mm. For such a rolled-edge 
blade, the blade thickness measurement procedure proposed in the 
September 2019 NOPR (i.e., one inch from the leading edge) would 
indicate a ``thin blade'' despite the thicker leading edge, resulting 
in the fan being classified as an HSSD, which as discussed are 
generally non-residential fans. Conversely, measuring the thickness at 
the rolled edge (i.e., less than one inch from the leading edge) would 
result in the fan being classified as an LSSD, which are generally fans 
installed in residential settings and would be the more appropriate 
designation for the model under consideration.
    In order to measure blade thickness for ``rolled-edge,'' flat, 
tapered, and other ceiling fan blade types in a manner that would 
consistently classify ceiling fans with these blade types into the 
appropriate product class, DOE proposed in the December 2021 SNOPR to 
update the proposal for measuring blade thickness as follows: (1) 
locate the cross-section perpendicular to the fan blade's radial 
length, that is at least one inch from the tip of the fan blade and for 
which the blade is thinnest, and (2) measure the thickest point of that 
cross-section within one inch from the leading edge of the fan blade. 
86 FR 69544, 69556-69557. DOE expected that this proposal would result 
in ceiling fans with ``rolled-edge'' blade designs being assigned to 
the appropriate product class, while having minimal effect on the blade 
thickness measurement of other blade types relative to the proposal in 
the September 2019 NOPR. 86 FR 69544, 69557.
    In response to the December 2021 SNOPR proposal, ALA expressed 
support for the modified proposal, but noted that they do not think the 
update will have much of an impact on the classification of current 
product models. (ALA, No. 45 at p. 3)
    For the reasons discussed in the December 2021 SNOPR, in this final 
rule DOE adds instructions to appendix U to measure the blade thickness 
consistent with the proposal set forth in the December 2021 SNOPR.

L. Instrument Measurement Resolution

    In the September 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed amendments to appendix U 
to specify minimum instrument resolution for measuring blade span, 
blade edge thickness, and the distance between the ceiling and the 
lowest point of the fan blade. The proposed instrument resolutions were 
at least 0.25 inches, at least one tenth of an inch, and at least 0.25 
inches, respectively. 84 FR 51440, 51450. Further, DOE proposed that to 
determine the blade span, measure the lateral distance at the 
resolution of the measurement instrument, using an instrument with a 
measurement resolution of least 0.25 inches, and then multiply this 
distance by two. Id.
    In response to the September 2019 NOPR, Hunter agreed with DOE's 
proposal for measuring blade span as well as the proposed tolerance for 
measuring ceiling to blade distance. (Hunter No. 29 at pp. 4-5) ALA 
also agreed with DOE's proposed distance from the blade to the ceiling, 
and recommended that DOE require ceiling fans to be leveled prior to 
testing. (ALA, No. 34 at p. 4)
    DOE notes that section 3.2.2 of appendix U requires the ceiling fan 
to be installed according to the manufacturer's installation 
instructions. DOE understands that ceiling fan installation manuals 
commonly include instructions for leveling or balancing the ceiling 
fan.
    In the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE updated the proposal for blade edge 
thickness to require a measurement resolution of at least 0.001 in., 
based on comments received in response to the September 2019 NOPR and 
the understanding that most, if not all, test laboratories use calipers 
to measure blade edge thickness. 86 FR 69544, 69557-69558.
    For the reasons discussed, in this final rule, DOE is adopting the 
September 2019 NOPR proposals regarding the instrument resolution for 
measuring blade span and the distance between the ceiling and the 
lowest point of the fan blade in this final rule. Further, for the 
reasons discussed in the prior paragraphs and the December 2021 SNOPR, 
DOE is adopting the December 2021 SNOPR proposal regarding the 
instrument resolution for blade edge thickness.

M. Certification, Represented Value, and Rounding Requirements

    The procedures required for determination, certification, and 
enforcement of compliance of covered products with the applicable 
conservation standards are set forth in 10 CFR part 429.
    In the September 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed to amend certain 
certification requirements for ceiling fans to include

[[Page 50412]]

product-specific information that would be required to certify 
compliance with the amended energy conservation standards established 
in January 2017 Final Rule. 84 FR 51440, 51450.
    In response to the September 2019 NOPR, ALA commented that the 
certification template should be updated such that manufacturers can 
continue to submit data to a single location, DOE's Compliance 
Certification Management System. (ALA, No. 34 at p. 4) Hunter agreed 
that certification reports should include product-specific information 
for the public, and stated that proper tolerances must to considered 
due to instrument resolution and production line tolerances. (Hunter, 
No. 29 at p. 4) Westinghouse Lighting appreciated that DOE proposed to 
clarify specific methods of measurement. (Westinghouse, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 28 at p. 75) BAF agreed with the proposals for 
certification requirements, and requested that air flow and power at 
high speed for large-diameter ceiling fans be added to DOE's 
certification database for public (preferred) or private access. (BAF, 
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 28 at p. 75-76; BAF, No. 36 at p. 2) 
AMCA commented that certification reports for LDCFs also include 
airflow and power at high speed as these are the most commonly used by 
manufacturers in marketing and the performance data requested by 
consumers. (AMCA, No. 33 at p. 9)
    In response to the December 2021 SNOPR, the Efficiency Advocates 
expressed support for DOE's proposal to require certification reports 
to include all relevant information required to certify that products 
meet standards. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at p. 2) The Efficiency 
Advocates encouraged DOE to also publish additional information 
publicly such as airflow (CFM) and tip speed (ft/min) to assist 
stakeholders and consumers in understanding the relative energy 
efficiency of ceiling fans across a broad range of product 
characteristics. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 44 at p. 2)
    Since the September 2019 NOPR, DOE has finalized amended 
certification provisions for various covered product and equipment, 
including ceiling fans, in a separate final rule published on July 22, 
2022 (``July 2022 Certification Final Rule'').\24\ 87 FR 43952, 43964-
43966. Further, since the September 2019 NOPR, DOE also notes that the 
May 2021 Technical Amendment finalized technical amendments 
corresponding with provisions enacted by Congress through the Energy 
Act of 2020 which now requires large-diameter ceiling fans to meet 
specified minimum efficiency requirements based on CFEI, which is 
different than what was originally considered in the September 2019 
NOPR. 86 FR 28469, 28469-28470. The CFEI metric has since been included 
as part of the July 2022 Certification Final Rule. 87 FR 43952, 43965. 
As such, DOE is not considering the September 2019 NOPR amended 
certification proposals in this final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \24\ Rulemaking docket EERE-2012-BT-STD-0045.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the September 2019 NOPR, DOE also proposed amendments to 10 CFR 
429.32 to specify that represented values required are to be determined 
consistent with the test procedures in appendix U and to specify 
rounding requirements for represented values. 84 FR 51440, 51450. DOE 
proposed the following: Any represented value of blade span shall be 
the mean of the blade spans measured for the sample selected as 
described in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(1), rounded to the nearest inch; any 
represented value of blade RPM shall be the mean of the blade RPMs 
measured for the sample selected as described in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(1), 
rounded to the nearest RPM; any represented value of blade edge 
thickness shall be the mean of the blade edge thicknesses measured for 
the sample selected as described in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(1), rounded to the 
nearest tenth of an inch; and any represented value of the distance 
between the ceiling and the lowest point on the fan blades shall be the 
mean of the distances measured for the sample selected as described in 
10 CFR 429.32(a)(1), rounded to the nearest quarter of an inch. Id. 
Blade span, blade edge thickness, the distance between the ceiling and 
the lowest point on the fan blades are used to determine the product 
class to which a basic model belongs. Further, DOE proposed that any 
represented value of tip speed is calculated as pi multiplied by the 
represented value of blade span divided by twelve, multiplied by the 
represented value of RPM, and rounded to the nearest foot per minute. 
84 FR 51440, 51459.
    DOE also proposed updates to the product class definitions included 
in appendix U to reference the proposed represented value provisions to 
specify that the product class for each basic model is determined using 
the represented values of blade span, blade RPM, blade edge thickness, 
the distance between the ceiling and the lowest point on the fan blades 
and tip speed. 84 FR 51440, 51450.
    In response to comments received in response to the September 2019 
NOPR, in the December 2021 SNOPR, DOE further proposed to replace the 
blade-edge thickness rounding proposal from nearest tenth of an inch to 
the nearest 0.01 inch. 86 FR 69544, 69557. Further, in the December 
2021 SNOPR, DOE noted that airflow (CFM) at high speed is also product-
specific information required to determine product category, and that 
neither 10 CFR 429.32(a)(2)(i) nor appendix U provides any rounding 
requirements for airflow at high speed as it relates to determining 
whether a ceiling fan is a highly-decorative ceiling fan. Accordingly, 
DOE proposed to specify that any represented value of airflow (CFM) at 
high speed, including the value used to determine whether a ceiling fan 
is a highly-decorative ceiling fan, is determined pursuant to 10 CFR 
429.32(a)(2)(i) and rounded to the nearest CFM. Id. Finally, in the 
December 2021 SNOPR, DOE noted that the product class definitions 
proposed in the September 2019 NOPR referenced the incorrect regulatory 
text sections for the represented values proposed in 10 CFR 429.32. 
Accordingly, DOE proposed corrective updates. 86 FR 69544, 69558.
    In the public meeting following the September 2019 NOPR, 
Westinghouse expressed a generalized concern that previously-compliant 
ceiling fans may become non-compliant under the representations and 
rounding requirements depending on how a manufacturer had been 
rounding. (Westinghouse, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 28 at pp. 84-
86) In response to the September 2019 NOPR, Hunter agreed with the 
blade span rounding and with the proposed tolerances for ceiling to 
blade distance. (Hunter No. 29 at p. 4) ALA recommended that DOE always 
use the standard rounding method, meaning all numbers are rounded to 
the nearest whole number or whatever decimal place is required. ALA 
stated that defining a set rounding process would hopefully eliminate 
inconsistencies with the required measurements. (ALA, No. 34 at p. 4)
    In response to the December 2021 SNOPR, ALA supported the airflow 
at high speed rounding proposal, and encouraged DOE to harmonize the 
test report data with data required for the EnergyGuide label and to 
require rounding to no more than two digits. (ALA, No. 45 at p. 3) AMCA 
supported DOE's proposed requirements for representations of airflow at 
high speed as well as the rounding specifically for large-diameter and 
LDBD ceiling fans. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 10)
    DOE appreciates the concern set forth by Westinghouse. The 
represented value and rounding requirements adopted in

[[Page 50413]]

this final rule are consistent with current industry and laboratory 
practice. In addition, comments received in response to the September 
2019 NOPR and December 2021 SNOPR indicate that industry is generally 
in agreement with the proposed updates. Therefore, DOE does not expect 
the represented value and rounding requirements adopted in this final 
rule to impact represented values.
    With regards to airflow rounding, DOE notes that the proposed 
amendments were consistent with the FTC EnergyGuide label and the DOE 
guidance document to determine the measurements needed for the FTC 
label.\25\ The key components of the guidance document are codified in 
this final rule, as discussed in section III.O of this final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \25\ DOE guidance document available at www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/pdfs/ftc_label_calc_method_2016-10-21.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Accordingly, in this final rule, DOE is establishing the 
represented value and rounding requirements proposed in the September 
2019 NOPR and December 2021 SNOPR, as presented in Table III.1 of this 
document. Further, DOE is updating the definitions in section 1 of 
appendix U to reference the updated represented values.

               Table III.1--Represented Value and Rounding
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                       Represented value and rounding
         Represented value                       requirement
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Blade span........................  Is the mean of the blade spans
                                     measured for the sample selected as
                                     described in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(1),
                                     rounded to the nearest inch.
Blade RPM.........................  Is the mean of the blade RPMs
                                     measured for the sample selected as
                                     described in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(1),
                                     rounded to the nearest RPM.
Blade edge thickness..............  Is the mean of the blade edge
                                     thickness measured for the sample
                                     selected as described in 10 CFR
                                     429.32(a)(1), rounded to the 0.01
                                     inch.
Distance between the ceiling and    Is the mean of the distances
 the lowest point on the fan         measured for the sample selected as
 blades.                             described in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(1),
                                     rounded to the nearest quarter of
                                     an inch.
Tip speed.........................  Shall be pi multiplied by
                                     represented value of blade span
                                     divided by twelve multiplied by the
                                     represented value of blade RPM,
                                     rounded to the nearest foot per
                                     minute.
Airflow (CFM) at high speed.......  Is determined pursuant to 10 CFR
                                     429.32(a)(2)(i) and rounded to the
                                     nearest CFM.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Hunter commented that the method for the ``determination of 
represented value'' as defined in 10 CFR 429.32 presents an inherent 
problem when calculating the represented value using the lower 90 
percent confidence limit outlined in Sec.  429.32. In their comment 
submission, Hunter provided an example on situations where the 
represented CFM, because of the LCL calculation in 10 CFR 
429.32(a)(2)(i)(B), resulted in an unrealistic CFM, in some cases, the 
calculated CFM was negative. Accordingly, they urged DOE to consider 
alternate solutions to this which does not create undue burden on 
manufacturers. (Hunter, No. 29 at p. 6; Hunter, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 28 at p. 100-102)
    The statistical calculations that resulted in the negative CFM 
values for the example cited by Hunter were largely the result of 
significant deviation in the low-speed airflow measurement between 
tested units. As noted previously, in response to round robin testing, 
DOE is adopting several provisions designed to improve the 
repeatability of the small-diameter ceiling fan airflow measurements, 
particularly at low-speeds. Specifically, DOE is adopting an 
alternative definition for low speed and alternative stability criteria 
for average air velocity measurements at low speed; including explicit 
sensor arm stabilization instructions; allowing the use of a test setup 
with two arms; and specifying mounting alignment of air velocity 
sensors. Taken together, these amendments will improve the 
repeatability of the DOE test procedure, ensuring the rated airflow is 
closer to the true mean airflow of the population without additional 
test burden.
    DOE further notes that despite these provisions, it is still 
possible one tested sample is an outlier unit that does not represent 
the basic model airflow well. In this case, the statistical equations 
in 10 CFR 429.32 may impact the rated airflow of the product. However, 
DOE notes that 10 CFR 429.11(b) states that the ``minimum number of 
units tested shall be no less than two'' and therefore more than two 
units can be used to reduce the statistical variance of the measured 
airflow.

N. Product-Specific Enforcement Provisions

    In the September 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed to add provisions to 10 
CFR 429.134 for verification of the represented values in 10 CFR 
429.134, to be used in the context of enforcement of the relevant 
efficiency standards. 84 FR 51440, 51451. The following paragraphs 
describe the proposed DOE verification provisions for each parameter.
    DOE proposed that the represented blade span would be valid if the 
rounded measurement(s) (either the measured value for a single unit, or 
the mean of the measured values for a multiple unit sample, rounded to 
the nearest inch) are the same as the represented blade span. Id. This 
effectively would provide a range of approximately 1 inch that would 
require the same minimum ceiling fan efficiency. DOE proposed that if 
the represented blade span is found to be valid, that blade span would 
be used as the basis for calculating minimum allowable ceiling fan 
efficiency. Id. If the represented blade span were found to be invalid, 
the rounded measured blade span would serve as the basis for 
calculating the minimum allowable ceiling fan efficiency. Id.
    DOE proposed that the represented blade RPM at high speed would be 
valid if the measurement(s) (either the measured value for a single 
unit, or the mean of the measured values for a multiple unit sample, 
rounded to the nearest RPM) are within the greater of 1% or 1 RPM of 
the represented blade RPM at high speed. Id. DOE proposed that, if the 
represented RPM were found to be valid, that RPM would be used as the 
basis for determining the product class. Id. If the certified RPM were 
found to be invalid, the measured RPM would serve as the basis for 
determining the product class. Id.
    DOE proposed that the represented blade edge thickness would be 
valid if the measurement(s) (either the

[[Page 50414]]

measured value for a single unit, or the mean of the measured values 
for a multiple unit sample, rounded to the nearest tenth of an inch) 
are the same as the represented blade edge thickness. Id. DOE proposed 
that, if the represented blade edge thickness were found to be valid, 
that blade edge thickness would be used as the basis for determining 
the product class. If the represented blade edge thickness were found 
to be invalid, the rounded measured blade edge thickness would serve as 
the basis for determining the product class. Id.
    DOE proposed that the represented distance between the lowest point 
of the fan blades and the ceiling for each LSSD would be valid if the 
measurement(s) (either the measured value for a single unit, or the 
mean of the measured values for a multiple unit sample, rounded to the 
nearest quarter inch) were the same as the represented distance. Id. 
Furthermore, DOE proposed that, if the represented distance were found 
to be valid, that distance would be used as the basis for determining 
the product class. Id. If the represented distance were found to be 
invalid, the rounded measured distance would serve as the basis for 
determining the product class. Id.
    In response to comments received from the September 2019 NOPR, DOE 
further proposed to increase the tolerance for blade RPM measurements 
at high speed from 1 percent to 2 percent to 
account for voltage variation and equipment resolution. 86 FR 69544, 
69558.
    In response to the September 2019 NOPR proposal on blade RPM 
tolerance, Westinghouse encouraged DOE to clarify that the RPM 
tolerance is only for large-diameter ceiling fans. (Westinghouse, 
Public Meeting Transcript, No. 28 at pp. 89-90) In response to the 
December 2021 SNOPR proposal, ALA supported the blade RPM tolerance 
proposal, and requested that DOE clarify that the blade RPM proposal 
only applied to large-diameter ceiling fans. (ALA, No. 45 at p. 3) AMCA 
also supported DOE's proposed requirements for tolerance requirements 
for measuring blade RPM for large-diameter ceiling fans and LDBD 
ceiling fans. (AMCA, No. 43 at p. 10)
    DOE discussed both in the September 2019 NOPR and December 2021 
SNOPR that the proposed blade RPM tolerance for product-specific 
enforcement purposes extends to high speed for all ceiling fans. 84 FR 
51440, 51451; 86 FR 69544, 69558. Blade RPM at high speed is used to 
determine whether a ceiling fan may be a highly-decorative ceiling fan 
(section 1.9 of appendix U, renumbered as section 1.10 of appendix U in 
this final rule) and is used to calculate tip speed (see section 
III.M). The proposed tolerance was applicable to product-specific 
enforcement purposes only, and was not applicable to the large-diameter 
ceiling fan active mode RPM test requirements specified in section 
3.5(2) of appendix U. Both the September 2019 NOPR and December 2021 
SNOPR did not propose any changes regarding RPM tolerance as it relates 
to active mode testing for large-diameter ceiling fans.
    In the public meeting following the September 2019 NOPR, Hunter 
commented that the effect of gravity can result in different blade-to-
ceiling measurements depending on where along the ceiling fan blade the 
measurement is taken, and that DOE needs to consider this effect. 
(Hunter, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 28 at p. 71) In comments 
submitted in response to the September 2019 NOPR, Hunter stated that 
they agreed with the proposed tolerances for ceiling to blade distance. 
(Hunter No. 29 at p. 5)
    As discussed in section III.M, blade to ceiling measurements are 
based on the distance between the lowest point of the fan blades and 
the ceiling. As such, any effects of gravity must be considered when 
measuring from the lowest point of fan blades.
    In this final rule, DOE is adopting the product-specific 
enforcement verification provisions proposed in the September 2019 NOPR 
and December 2021 SNOPR, as presented in Table III.2.

         Table III.2--Product-Specific Enforcement Verification
------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Represented value                Enforcement verification
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Blade span........................  Measurement(s) (either the measured
                                     value for a single unit, or the
                                     mean of the measured values for a
                                     multiple unit sample, rounded to
                                     the nearest inch) are the same as
                                     the represented blade span.
Blade RPM.........................  Measurement(s) (either the measured
                                     value for a single unit, or the
                                     mean of the measured values for a
                                     multiple unit sample, rounded to
                                     the nearest RPM) are within 2% of
                                     the represented blade RPM at high
                                     speed.
Blade edge thickness..............  If the measurement(s) (either the
                                     measured value for a single unit,
                                     or the mean of the measured values
                                     for a multiple unit sample, rounded
                                     to the 0.01 inch) are the same as
                                     the represented blade edge
                                     thickness.
Distance between the ceiling and    Measurement(s) (either the measured
 the lowest point on the fan         value for a single unit, or the
 blades.                             mean of the measured values for a
                                     multiple unit sample, rounded to
                                     the nearest 0.25 inch) are the same
                                     as the represented distance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

O. Calculation Methodology for Values Reported on the EnergyGuide Label

    FTC requires an EnergyGuide label for any covered product that is a 
ceiling fan, except for large diameter and HSSD ceiling fans. See 16 
CFR 305.3(g); 16 CFR 305.21(a)(1).
    The EnergyGuide label for ceiling fans reports values for four key 
metrics: (1) Airflow Efficiency, in CFM/W; (2) Airflow, in CFM; (3) 
Energy Use, in W; and (4) Estimated Yearly Energy Cost, in dollars. See 
16 CFR 305.21(a)(1). On October 21, 2016, DOE published a guidance 
document explaining how to calculate these values, based on 
measurements taken in accordance with appendix U.\26\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \26\ DOE guidance document available at www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/pdfs/ftc_label_calc_method_2016-10-21.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the September 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed to codify at 10 CFR 
429.32(a)(3) the calculations required to determine the values 
presented on the EnergyGuide label for ceiling fans. 84 FR 51440, 
51447.
    In response to the September 2019 NOPR, Westinghouse, ALA, and BAF 
requested that DOE clarify that the FTC EnergyGuide Label only applies 
to LSSD and VSD ceiling fans, but not HSSD and large-diameter ceiling 
fans. (Westinghouse, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 28 at pp. 64-65; 
ALA, No. 34 at p. 4; BAF, No. 36 at p. 2) BAF further commented that 
some HSSD ceiling fans on the market have the FTC label, but that it is 
modified for the purposes of the HSSD fan. (BAF, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 28 at pp. 63-64) AMCA also stated that clarifying how 
to perform the testing and calculations for the EnergyGuide label would 
decrease the likelihood of error in testing. (AMCA, No. 33 at p. 8) 
Hunter supported the proposal to codify

[[Page 50415]]

guidance for the FTC label. (Hunter, No. 29 at p. 4)
    DOE notes that in the context of the FTC Energy Label Rule, 
``ceiling fan'' is defined to exclude ``large-diameter and high-speed 
small diameter fans as defined in appendix U of subpart B of 10 CFR 
part 430.'' 16 CFR 305.3(g).
    The CA IOUs requested that DOE work with the FTC to provide airflow 
and power at high and low speeds on the FTC label. The CA IOUs stated 
that high-speed airflow and power values are required on design 
documents to comply with ASHRAE standard 90.1. (CA IOUs, No. 46 at p. 
4)
    DOE did not receive comments on the substance of the calculations 
in the DOE guidance document and proposed to be codified in regulation.
    DOE notes that it has no authority to make changes the FTC 
EnergyGuide label. DOE notes that under the FTC's Energy Label Rule, 
representations for ceiling fans must be derived from applicable DOE 
test procedures in 10 CFR parts 429 and 430. 16 CFR 305.8(c). The 
following sections discuss the calculation methods codified in 
regulation in this final rule for each of the four values presented on 
the EnergyGuide label.
1. Airflow Efficiency
    The EnergyGuide label's Airflow Efficiency value corresponds to the 
ceiling fan's represented value of efficiency (see 10 CFR 429.32(a)), 
in CFM/W, which is calculated in section 4 of appendix U.
2. Airflow
    For LSSD and VSD ceiling fans, the airflow value reported on the 
EnergyGuide label represents the weighted-average airflow of a ceiling 
fan, in which the weighted average is based on an average of airflow at 
low and high fan speeds. The weight given to each speed represents the 
average operating hours at that speed normalized by the total average 
operating hours in active mode. The average operating hours are 
consistent with those defined in Table 3 in appendix U. DOE is 
including in 10 CFR part 429 the following equation, as specified in 
the current guidance, to calculate this value:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.000

Where:

CFMave = represented value of ceiling fan airflow, rounded to the 
nearest CFM.
CFMLow = represented value of measured airflow, in cubic feet per 
minute, at low fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this 
section.
CFMHigh = represented value of measured airflow, in cubic feet per 
minute, at high fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this 
section.
3.0 = average daily operating hours at low fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U.
3.4 = average daily operating hours at high fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U.
6.4 = total average daily operating hours.

    Section 3.3 of appendix U specifies the procedures for measuring 
the airflow at the high and low speed settings. The measurements of 
airflow for each setting specified by the equation above must be based 
on the represented value of measured airflow from a sample of at least 
two ceiling fans, in accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR 
429.32(a)(2)(i). The represented value for airflow is then calculated 
using the represented value of measured airflow for each setting 
specified by the equation.
3. Energy Use
    For LSSD and VSD ceiling fans, the energy use \27\ value reported 
on the EnergyGuide label represents the weighted-average power 
consumption of the ceiling fan, in which the weighted average is based 
on an average of the power consumption at low and high fan speeds and 
in standby mode. The weight given to each speed and to standby mode 
corresponds to the average operating hours at that setting normalized 
by the total average operating hours in active mode. As with the 
airflow calculation, the average operating hours are consistent with 
those defined in Table 3 in appendix U. DOE is including in 10 CFR part 
429 the following equation, as specified in the current guidance, to 
calculate this value:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \27\ DOE recognizes that the term ``energy use'' on the 
EnergyGuide label would be more accurately described as power 
consumption, or a rate of energy use.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.001

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where:

Wave = represented value power consumption, rounded to the nearest 
watt,
WLow = represented value of measured power consumption, in watts, at 
low fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section.
WHigh = represented value of measured power consumption, in watts, 
at high fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section.
WSb = represented value of measured power consumption, in watts, in 
standby mode, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section.
3.0 = average daily operating hours at low fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U.
3.4 = average daily operating hours at high fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U.
17.6 = average daily standby mode hours, pursuant to Table 3 in 
appendix U.
6.4 = total average daily operating hours.

    Section 3.3 of appendix U outlines the procedures for measuring the 
power consumption at the high and low speed settings, as well as in 
standby mode (if applicable). The measurements of power consumption for 
each setting specified by the equation above must be based on the 
represented value of power consumption measured from a sample of at 
least two ceiling fans, in accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR 
429.32(a)(2)(ii). The represented value of power consumption use is 
then calculated using the represented value of measured power 
consumption for each setting specified by the equation.
4. Estimated Yearly Energy Cost
    For LSSD and VSD ceiling fans, estimated yearly energy cost 
represents the estimated cost to a consumer of the energy consumed in 
operating a ceiling

[[Page 50416]]

fan for a year. Time spent at low speed, high speed, and in standby 
mode is based on the average operating hours listed in Table 3 in 
appendix U. DOE is including in 10 CFR part 429 the following equation, 
as specified in the current guidance, to calculate this value:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.002

Where:

EYEC = represented value for estimated yearly energy cost, rounded 
to the nearest dollar,
WLow = represented value of measured power consumption, in watts, at 
low fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section.
WHigh = represented value of measured power consumption, in watts, 
at high fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section.
WSb = represented value of measured power consumption, in watts, in 
standby mode, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section.
CKWH = representative average unit cost of electrical energy in 
dollars per kilowatt-hour pursuant to 16 CFR part 305.
3.0 = average daily operating hours at low fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U.
3.4 = average daily operating hours at high fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U.
17.6 = average daily standby mode hours, pursuant to Table 3 in 
appendix U.
365 = number of days per year.
1000 = conversion factor from watts to kilowatts.

    In calculating this value, the daily operating hours in active mode 
are assumed to be 6.4 hours per day. Section 3.3 of appendix U outlines 
the procedures for measuring the power consumption at the high and low 
speed settings, as well as in standby mode (if applicable). The 
measurements of power consumption for each setting specified by the 
equation above must be based on the represented value of power 
consumption measured from a sample of at least two ceiling fans, in 
accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR 429.32(a)(2)(ii). The 
represented value for estimated yearly energy cost is then calculated 
using the represented value of measured power consumption for each 
setting specified by the equation.

P. Test Procedure Costs and Impacts

    In this final rule, DOE is amending the existing test procedure for 
ceiling fans by (1) including a definition for ``circulating air'' for 
the purpose of the ceiling fan definition; (2) extending the scope of 
the test procedure to include large diameter fans with a diameter 
greater than 24 feet; (3) expanding the test procedure to high-speed 
belt-driven ceiling fans; (4) maintaining applicability of standby 
power for large-diameter ceiling fans; (5) clarifying test voltage 
requirements for large-diameter ceiling fans; (6) specifying test 
procedures for ceiling fans with accessories or features that do not 
relate to the ceiling fan's ability to create airflow by the rotation 
of the fan blades; (7) clarifying that VSD ceiling fans that do not 
also meet the definition of LSSD fan are not required to be tested 
pursuant to the DOE test method; (8) amending the definition for low-
speed; (9) increasing the tolerance for the stability criteria for the 
average air velocity measurements for LSSD and VSD ceiling fans; (10) 
allowing two-arm sensor setup and requiring sensor arm(s) to stabilize 
for 30 seconds prior to rotating sensor axes; (11) clarifying air 
velocity sensor mounting position; (12) providing instructions to 
measure blade thickness; (13) amending instrument measurement 
resolution; (14) amending represented values, and rounding and 
enforcement provisions for ceiling fans; (15) codifying in regulation 
existing guidance on the method for calculating several values reported 
on the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) EnergyGuide label using results 
from the ceiling fan test procedures in appendix U to subpart B of 10 
CFR part 430 and represented values in 10 CFR part 429; and (16) 
updating the reference to AMCA 230-15 to reference the version that 
includes the 2021 errata sheet. DOE has determined that the amended 
test procedure will not be unduly burdensome for manufacturers to 
conduct.
    ALA commented that no matter how minimal the changes are to the 
test procedures, in most manufacturers' experience, third-party testing 
costs never go down. As such, they noted that any changes that requires 
additional testing will be a burden to manufacturers, increase costs to 
American consumers, and hinder research and development. (ALA, No. 45 
at p. 4) Separately, ALA also generally noted in the January 11th 
public meeting that the costs associated with testing never goes down. 
(ALA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 42 at p. 7) Further discussion of 
the cost impacts of the test procedure amendments are presented in the 
following paragraphs.
1. Cost Impacts for the Scope Related Amendments
    As discussed in section III.A of this document, DOE is defining 
``circulating air'' to differentiate fans for ``circulating air'' 
(i.e., ceiling fans) from other products that are not considered to be 
a ceiling fan for the purposes of the EPCA definition for ceiling fans; 
and to include large-diameter ceiling fans greater than 24 feet in 
diameter and certain belt-driven ceiling fans within the scope of the 
test procedure.
    Regarding DOE's determination to include a definition for 
``circulating air,'' DOE identified that certain high-speed VSD ceiling 
fans with a diameter-to-maximum operating speed ratio less than 0.06 
will be excluded from the ceiling fan scope. As discussed, VSD ceiling 
fans represent less than one percent of the total ceiling fan market. 
Furthermore, the segment of VSD ceiling fans that would be excluded 
from the ceiling fan scope would represent a portion of the less than 
one percent of the market. While the definition as established would 
likely result in a small cost savings for VSD ceiling fan 
manufacturers, DOE conservatively did not include these cost savings as 
part of the cost impact calculations.
    Regarding including within the scope of the test procedure large-
diameter ceiling fans greater than 24 feet in diameter, while DOE is 
aware of two LDCF models with a diameter greater than 24 feet (see 
discussion in section III.A.2.a), DOE understands that these models are 
already tested using the DOE test procedure. As such, DOE does not 
expect any test procedure cost impacts resulting from the expansion of 
the test procedure scope to include large-diameter ceiling fans with a 
diameter greater than 24 feet.
    Additionally, DOE is amending the test procedure to cover certain 
belt-driven ceiling fans. There are no energy conservation standards 
applicable these certain belt-driven ceiling fans. As such, 
manufacturers would not be required to test such belt-driven ceiling 
fans according to the DOE test procedure unless a manufacturer 
voluntarily chooses to make representations as to the energy efficiency 
or energy use of such ceiling fans. Based on third-party

[[Page 50417]]

laboratory test cost quotes to test these belt-driven ceiling fans in 
accordance with AMCA 230-15, DOE estimates that it would cost 
manufacturers approximately $3,165 to test one HSBD unit at both high 
speed and 40 percent speed. DOE requires at least two units be tested. 
Therefore, DOE estimates it would cost manufacturers approximately 
$6,330 per HSBD basic model. DOE notes that the test procedure 
applicable under appendix U is substantively the relevant industry 
standard, i.e., AMCA 230-15. To the extent that a manufacturer is 
already making representations as to the energy efficiency or energy 
use of such fans, DOE expects that the testing is based on AMCA 230-15, 
and therefore this final rule would not require additional testing.
2. Cost Impacts for Stability Criteria
    This final rule includes amendments analyzed in the September 2019 
NOPR increasing the tolerance for the stability criteria for the 
average air velocity measurements of LSSD and VSD ceiling fans that 
meet the definition of LSSD ceiling fans at low speed. 84 FR 51440, 
51446. DOE had identified cost savings that manufacturers would likely 
experience from avoiding the need to purchase additional and more-
costly air velocity sensors to meet the stability criteria required by 
the prior test procedure.
    To test ceiling fans up to 84 inches in diameter with an air 
velocity sensor every 4 inches and in all four axes could require a 
manufacturer to purchase, calibrate, and install as many as 45 upgraded 
sensors. In this final rule, DOE estimates that this investment would 
be approximately $50,000 per manufacturer for these upgraded sensors. 
DOE estimated that at least two ceiling fan manufacturers have in-house 
testing facilities that would have had to invest in upgraded sensors to 
meet the stability criteria to comply with the current test procedure--
each of which would avoid approximately $50,000 in one-time costs.
3. Cost Impacts for Low Speed Definition
    As discussed in section III.F of this document, DOE is amending the 
low speed definition, which is required to test LSSD ceiling fans. This 
amendment may require retesting a subset of LSSD ceiling fans. DOE 
conservatively estimates that approximately 10 percent of LSSD ceiling 
fans with more than three speed settings will be affected by the low 
speed definition change and will have to be retested in active mode 
using the new low speed definition. Further, DOE estimates that the 
test procedure for LSSD ceiling fans will cost $1,500 on average per 
basic model active mode test.
4. Cost Impacts for Other Test Procedure Amendments
    DOE does not anticipate that the remainder of the amendments in 
this final rule will increase test costs.
    The amendment to measure standby power using the test method in 
section 3.6 of appendix U for LDCFs is not required until such time as 
compliance is required with an energy conservation standard for standby 
mode, unless a manufacturer voluntarily chooses to make representations 
as to the standby power. To the extent that a manufacturer is already 
making representations as to standby power of such fans, DOE expects 
that the testing is based on section 3.6 of appendix U, and therefore 
this final rule would not require additional testing. The amendment to 
allow a two-arm sensor setup is in addition to the single-arm and four-
arm setup already allowed in appendix U. The amendment to require that 
the sensor arm stabilize for an extra 30 seconds before moving axes 
should allow for more accurate air velocity measurements, resulting in 
fewer repetitions to meet the stability requirement. The amendments to 
specify air velocity sensor mounting position, measure blade thickness, 
testing for ceiling fans with accessories, test voltage requirements 
for large diameter ceiling fans, and not requiring testing VSD ceiling 
fans that do not also meet the definition of LSSD fan are 
clarifications. The amendments for instrument measurement resolution, 
represented values, rounding and enforcement provisions for ceiling 
fans are consistent with current industry and laboratory practice. 
Finally, the amendments to codify the calculations required to 
determine the values presented on the EnergyGuide label for ceiling 
fans is consistent with current FTC requirements.

Q. Effective and Compliance Dates

    The effective date for the adopted test procedure amendment will be 
30 days after publication of this final rule in the Federal Register. 
EPCA prescribes that all representations of energy efficiency and 
energy use, including those made on marketing materials and product 
labels, must be made in accordance with an amended test procedure, 
beginning 180 days after publication of the final rule in the Federal 
Register. (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(2)) EPCA provides an allowance for 
individual manufacturers to petition DOE for an extension of the 180-
day period if the manufacturer may experience undue hardship in meeting 
the deadline. (42 U.S.C. 6293(c)(3)) To receive such an extension, 
petitions must be filed with DOE no later than 60 days before the end 
of the 180-day period and must detail how the manufacturer will 
experience undue hardship. (Id.) To the extent the modified test 
procedure adopted in this final rule is required only for the 
evaluation and issuance of updated efficiency standards, compliance 
with the amended test procedure does not require use of such modified 
test procedure provisions until the compliance date of updated 
standards.
    ALA urged DOE to allow for a 180-day delay after the effective date 
of the test procedure for an issuance of a proposed energy conservation 
standard. ALA stated that while the Process Rule at 10 CFR part 430, 
subpart C, appendix A does not require a 180-day delay, ALA strongly 
believes that the waiting period is warranted should DOE decide to 
amend the test procedure as proposed. (ALA, No. 45 at p. 2)
    This final rule is with regards to the test procedures only. DOE 
notes that it has published a notification of a webinar and 
availability of preliminary technical support document to evaluate 
potential energy conservation standards for ceiling fans. 87 FR 7758 
(February 10, 2022). DOE has not proposed amended energy conservation 
standards for ceiling fans.
    Upon the compliance date of test procedure provisions in this final 
rule any waivers or interim waivers that had been previously issued and 
are in effect that pertain to issues addressed by such provisions are 
terminated. 10 CFR 430.27(h)(3). Recipients of any such waivers are 
required to test the products subject to the waiver according to the 
amended test procedure as of the compliance date of the amended test 
procedure. The amendments adopted in this document in section III.I 
pertain to issues addressed by waivers granted to BAF, Case No. 2017-
011. On October 16, 2018, DOE published a notice of a Decision and 
Order (Case Number 2017-011) that granted BAF a waiver from specified 
portions of appendix U and required BAF to test and rate specified 
basic models of its ceiling fans in accordance with the alternate test 
procedure specified in the Decision and Order. 83 FR 52213. The 
amendments adopted in section III.H of this final rule incorporate the 
same alternate stability criteria for low speed (from 5 percent to 10 
percent) as provided in the Decision and Order. Id. at 83 FR 52216. 
That Decision and Order terminates on the

[[Page 50418]]

effective date of this final rule specified in the DATES heading.

IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review

A. Review Under Executive Order 12866 and 13563

    Executive Order (``E.O.'') 12866, ``Regulatory Planning and 
Review,'' as supplemented and reaffirmed by E.O. 13563, ``Improving 
Regulation and Regulatory Review, 76 FR 3821 (Jan. 21, 2011), requires 
agencies, to the extent permitted by law, to (1) propose or adopt a 
regulation only upon a reasoned determination that its benefits justify 
its costs (recognizing that some benefits and costs are difficult to 
quantify); (2) tailor regulations to impose the least burden on 
society, consistent with obtaining regulatory objectives, taking into 
account, among other things, and to the extent practicable, the costs 
of cumulative regulations; (3) select, in choosing among alternative 
regulatory approaches, those approaches that maximize net benefits 
(including potential economic, environmental, public health and safety, 
and other advantages; distributive impacts; and equity); (4) to the 
extent feasible, specify performance objectives, rather than specifying 
the behavior or manner of compliance that regulated entities must 
adopt; and (5) identify and assess available alternatives to direct 
regulation, including providing economic incentives to encourage the 
desired behavior, such as user fees or marketable permits, or providing 
information upon which choices can be made by the public. DOE 
emphasizes as well that E.O. 13563 requires agencies to use the best 
available techniques to quantify anticipated present and future 
benefits and costs as accurately as possible. In its guidance, the 
Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (``OIRA'') in the Office 
of Management and Budget (``OMB'') has emphasized that such techniques 
may include identifying changing future compliance costs that might 
result from technological innovation or anticipated behavioral changes. 
For the reasons stated in the preamble, this final regulatory action is 
consistent with these principles.
    Section 6(a) of E.O. 12866 also requires agencies to submit 
``significant regulatory actions'' to OIRA for review. OIRA has 
determined that this final regulatory action does not constitute a 
``significant regulatory action'' under section 3(f) of E.O. 12866. 
Accordingly, this action was not submitted to OIRA for review under 
E.O. 12866.

B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires 
preparation of a final regulatory flexibility analysis (FRFA) for any 
final rule where the agency was first required by law to publish a 
proposed rule for public comment, unless the agency certifies that the 
rule, if promulgated, will not have a significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities. As required by Executive Order 
13272, ``Proper Consideration of Small Entities in Agency Rulemaking,'' 
67 FR 53461 (August 16, 2002), DOE published procedures and policies on 
February 19, 2003 to ensure that the potential impacts of its rules on 
small entities are properly considered during the DOE rulemaking 
process. 68 FR 7990. DOE has made its procedures and policies available 
on the Office of the General Counsel's website: www.energy.gov/gc/office-general-counsel.
    DOE has recently conducted a focused inquiry into small business 
manufacturers of the ceiling fans covered by this rulemaking. DOE used 
available public information to identify potential small manufacturers. 
DOE accessed the Compliance Certification Database \28\ to create a 
list of companies that import or otherwise manufacture the ceiling fans 
covered by this final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \28\ U.S. Department of Energy Compliance Certification 
Database, available at: www.regulations.doe.gov/certification-data/products.html#q=Product_Group_s%3A*.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The following sections detail DOE's FRFA for this test procedure 
final rule.
1. Description of Reasons Why Action Is Being Considered
    DOE is amending the existing DOE test procedures for ceiling fans. 
DOE shall amend test procedures with respect to any covered product, if 
the Secretary determines that amended test procedures would more 
accurately produce test results which measure energy efficiency, energy 
use, or estimated annual operating cost of a covered product during a 
representative average use cycle or period of use. (42 U.S.C. 
6293(b)(1)(A))
2. Objective of, and Legal Basis for, Rule
    DOE is required to review existing DOE test procedures for all 
covered products every 7 years. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(1)(A))
3. Description and Estimate of Small Entities Regulated
    For manufacturers of ceiling fans, the Small Business 
Administration (``SBA'') has set a size threshold, which defines those 
entities classified as ``small businesses'' for the purposes of the 
statute. DOE used the SBA's small business size standards to determine 
whether any small entities would be subject to the requirements of the 
rule. See 13 CFR part 121. The size standards are listed by North 
American Industry Classification System (``NAICS'') code and industry 
description available at: www.sba.gov/document/support--table-size-
standards. Ceiling fan manufacturing is classified under NAICS code 
335210, ``Small Electrical Appliance Manufacturing.'' The SBA sets a 
threshold of 1,500 employees or less for an entity to be considered as 
a small business for this category.
    To estimate the number of companies that manufacture ceiling fans 
covered by this rulemaking, DOE used data from DOE's publicly available 
Compliance Certification Database (``CCD''). DOE's small business 
search focused on companies that sell at least one LSSD ceiling fan 
model with more than three speed settings as well as small businesses 
that sell HSBD or LDBD ceiling fans, since those are the only 
manufacturers, large or small, that are estimated to potentially incur 
any costs due to the test procedure amendments.
    DOE identified 10 potential domestic small businesses that 
manufacture at least one LSSD ceiling fan with more than three speed 
settings. These 10 potential domestic small businesses sell 
approximately 325 unique LSSD ceiling fans with more than three speed 
settings. Additionally, DOE identified four potential domestic small 
businesses that manufacture HSBD ceiling fans. These four potential 
domestic small businesses sell 16 known HSBD ceiling fan models. 
Further, while DOE is aware of two LDCF models with a diameter greater 
than 24 feet, DOE understands that these models are already tested 
using the DOE test procedure. Therefore, elimination of the 24-foot 
threshold from the test procedure update will not add test burden.
4. Description and Estimate of Compliance Requirements
    In this final rule, DOE is amending the existing test procedure for 
ceiling fans by (1) including a definition for ``circulating air'' for 
the purpose of the ceiling fan definition; (2) extending the scope of 
the test procedure to include large diameter fans with a diameter 
greater than 24 feet; (3) expanding the test procedure to high-speed 
belt-driven ceiling fans; (4) maintaining applicability of standby 
power for large-diameter ceiling fans; (5) clarifying test voltage 
requirements for large-diameter

[[Page 50419]]

ceiling fans; (6) specifying test procedures for ceiling fans with 
accessories or features that do not relate to the ceiling fan's ability 
to create airflow by the rotation of the fan blades; (7) clarifying 
that VSD ceiling fans that do not also meet the definition of LSSD fan 
are not required to be tested pursuant to the DOE test method; (8) 
amending the definition for low-speed; (9) increasing the tolerance for 
the stability criteria for the average air velocity measurements for 
LSSD and VSD ceiling fans; (10) allowing two-arm sensor setup and 
requiring sensor arm to stabilize for 30 seconds prior to rotating 
sensor axes; (11) clarifying air velocity sensor mounting position; 
(12) providing instructions to measure blade thickness; (13) amending 
instrument measurement resolution; (14) amending represented values, 
rounding and enforcement provisions for ceiling fans; (15) codifying in 
regulation existing guidance on the method for calculating several 
values reported on the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) EnergyGuide label 
using results from the ceiling fan test procedures in appendix U to 
subpart B of 10 CFR part 430 and represented values in 10 CFR part 429; 
and (16) updating the reference to AMCA 230-15 to reference the version 
that includes the 2021 errata sheet. DOE has determined that the 
amended test procedure will not be unduly burdensome for manufacturers 
to conduct.
    DOE estimates that some ceiling fan manufacturers would experience 
a cost from the test procedure amendments, due to retesting specific 
LSSD ceiling fans at low speed. Additionally, DOE estimates that some 
ceiling fan manufacturers would experience a cost savings from the test 
procedure amendment regarding the stability criteria for average air 
velocity measurements by not having to purchase sensors.
    As stated previously, DOE identified 10 potential domestic small 
businesses selling approximately 325 unique LSSD ceiling fans with more 
than three speed settings. DOE previously estimated that approximately 
10 percent of LSSD ceiling fan models with more than three speed 
settings would be required to re-test their models using the amended 
definition for low-speed. Therefore, DOE estimates that approximately 
33 ceiling fan models sold by domestic small businesses would need to 
be re-tested due to this test procedure amendment. DOE previously 
estimated that it costs manufacturers approximately $1,500 for a third-
party lab to conduct this test. Therefore, DOE estimates that all 
domestic small businesses would incur approximately $49,500 to re-test 
certain LSSD ceiling fans to the new low-speed definition. DOE 
estimates that the annual revenue of these 10 potential domestic small 
businesses that sell at least one LSSD ceiling fan with more than three 
speed settings range from approximately $1.7 million to over $250 
million, with a median value of approximately $36 million.
    Additionally, as stated in the previous section, DOE identified 
four potential domestic small businesses selling 16 HSBD ceiling fan 
models.
    DOE estimates that the test procedure for belt-driven ceiling fans 
would cost manufacturers approximately $6,330 per basic model to test 
in accordance with this test procedure. Therefore, DOE estimates that 
domestic small businesses would incur a one-time cost of approximately 
$101,280 to conduct testing for the expanded scope of belt-driven 
ceiling fan. DOE estimates that the annual revenue of these four 
potential domestic small businesses that sell at least one HSBD ceiling 
fan range from approximately $79,000 to $16 million.
    DOE presents the estimated testing costs and annual revenue for 
each potential small business manufacturer of belt-driven fans in Table 
IV.1.

                  Table IV.1--Testing Costs for Small Businesses Manufacturing Belt-Driven Fans
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                     Number of                                     Testing costs
                                                    belt-driven      Estimated       Estimated     as a percent
                     Company                        ceiling fan    testing cost       annual         of annual
                                                      models                          revenue         revenue
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Small Business 1................................               9         $56,970     $16,000,000             0.3
Small Business 2................................               5          31,650          79,000            36.3
Small Business 3................................               1           6,330       1,500,000             0.4
Small Business 4................................               1           6,330          97,000             6.5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5. Duplication, Overlap, and Conflict With Other Rules and Regulations
    DOE is not aware of any rules or regulations that duplicate, 
overlap, or conflict with this final rule.
6. Significant Alternatives to the Rule
    As previously stated in this section, DOE is required to review 
existing DOE test procedures for all covered products every 7 years. 
Additionally, DOE shall amend test procedures with respect to any 
covered product, if the Secretary determines that amended test 
procedures would more accurately produce test results which measure 
energy efficiency, energy use, or estimated annual operating cost of a 
covered product during a representative average use cycle or period of 
use. (42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(1)(A)) DOE has determined that the test 
procedure amendments for ceiling fans would more accurately produce 
test results to measure the energy efficiency of ceiling fans.
    While DOE recognizes that requiring ceiling fan manufacturers to 
retest specific LSSD ceiling fans at low speed, and expanding the scope 
to HSBD ceiling fans would cause manufacturers to re-test or test some 
ceiling fan models, the costs to re-test and test these models are 
inexpensive for most ceiling fan manufacturers. DOE has tentatively 
determined that there are no better alternatives than the amended test 
procedures, in terms of both meeting the agency's objectives to 
accurately measure energy efficiency and reduce burden on 
manufacturers. Therefore, DOE is amending the existing DOE test 
procedure for ceiling fans, as established in this final rule.
    Additional compliance flexibilities may be available through other 
means. EPCA provides that a manufacturer whose annual gross revenue 
from all of its operations does not exceed $8 million for the 12-month 
period preceding the date of the application may apply for an exemption 
from all or part of an energy conservation standard for a period not 
longer than 24 months after the effective date of a final rule 
establishing the standard. (42 U.S.C. 6295(t)) Additionally, 
manufacturers subject to DOE's energy efficiency standards may apply to 
DOE's Office of Hearings and Appeals for exception relief under certain 
circumstances. Manufacturers should refer to 10 CFR

[[Page 50420]]

part 430, subpart E, and 10 CFR part 1003 for additional details on 
these additional compliance flexibilities.

C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

    Manufacturers of ceiling fans must certify to DOE that their 
products comply with any applicable energy conservation standards. To 
certify compliance, manufacturers must first obtain test data for their 
products according to the DOE test procedures, including any amendments 
adopted for those test procedures. DOE has established regulations for 
the certification and recordkeeping requirements for all covered 
consumer products and commercial equipment, including ceiling fans. 
(See generally 10 CFR part 429.) The collection-of-information 
requirement for the certification and recordkeeping is subject to 
review and approval by OMB under the Paperwork Reduction Act (``PRA''). 
This requirement has been approved by OMB under OMB control number 
1910-1400. Public reporting burden for the certification is estimated 
to average 35 hours per response, including the time for reviewing 
instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and 
maintaining the data needed, certifying compliance, and completing and 
reviewing the collection of information.
    Notwithstanding any other provision of the law, no person is 
required to respond to, nor shall any person be subject to a penalty 
for failure to comply with, a collection of information subject to the 
requirements of the PRA, unless that collection of information displays 
a currently valid OMB Control Number.

D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

    In this final rule, DOE establishes test procedure amendments that 
it expects will be used to develop and implement future energy 
conservation standards for ceiling fans. DOE has determined that this 
rule falls into a class of actions that are categorically excluded from 
review under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 
4321 et seq.) and DOE's implementing regulations at 10 CFR part 1021. 
Specifically, DOE has determined that adopting test procedures for 
measuring energy efficiency of consumer products and industrial 
equipment is consistent with activities identified in 10 CFR part 1021, 
appendix A to subpart D, A5 and A6. Accordingly, neither an 
environmental assessment nor an environmental impact statement is 
required.

E. Review Under Executive Order 13132

    Executive Order 13132, ``Federalism,'' 64 FR 43255 (August 4, 
1999), imposes certain requirements on agencies formulating and 
implementing policies or regulations that preempt State law or that 
have federalism implications. The Executive order requires agencies to 
examine the constitutional and statutory authority supporting any 
action that would limit the policymaking discretion of the States and 
to carefully assess the necessity for such actions. The Executive order 
also requires agencies to have an accountable process to ensure 
meaningful and timely input by State and local officials in the 
development of regulatory policies that have Federalism implications. 
On March 14, 2000, DOE published a statement of policy describing the 
intergovernmental consultation process it will follow in the 
development of such regulations. 65 FR 13735. DOE examined this final 
rule and determined that it will not have a substantial direct effect 
on the States, on the relationship between the national government and 
the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among 
the various levels of government. EPCA governs and prescribes Federal 
preemption of State regulations as to energy conservation for the 
products that are the subject of this final rule. States can petition 
DOE for exemption from such preemption to the extent, and based on 
criteria, set forth in EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6297(d)) No further action is 
required by Executive Order 13132.

F. Review Under Executive Order 12988

    Regarding the review of existing regulations and the promulgation 
of new regulations, section 3(a) of Executive Order 12988, ``Civil 
Justice Reform,'' 61 FR 4729 (Feb. 7, 1996), imposes on Federal 
agencies the general duty to adhere to the following requirements: (1) 
eliminate drafting errors and ambiguity; (2) write regulations to 
minimize litigation; (3) provide a clear legal standard for affected 
conduct rather than a general standard; and (4) promote simplification 
and burden reduction. Section 3(b) of Executive Order 12988 
specifically requires that executive agencies make every reasonable 
effort to ensure that the regulation (1) clearly specifies the 
preemptive effect, if any; (2) clearly specifies any effect on existing 
Federal law or regulation; (3) provides a clear legal standard for 
affected conduct while promoting simplification and burden reduction; 
(4) specifies the retroactive effect, if any; (5) adequately defines 
key terms; and (6) addresses other important issues affecting clarity 
and general draftsmanship under any guidelines issued by the Attorney 
General. Section 3(c) of Executive Order 12988 requires Executive 
agencies to review regulations in light of applicable standards in 
sections 3(a) and 3(b) to determine whether they are met or it is 
unreasonable to meet one or more of them. DOE has completed the 
required review and determined that, to the extent permitted by law, 
this final rule meets the relevant standards of Executive Order 12988.

G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995

    Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (``UMRA'') 
requires each Federal agency to assess the effects of Federal 
regulatory actions on State, local, and Tribal governments and the 
private sector. Public Law 104-4, sec. 201 (codified at 2 U.S.C. 1531). 
For a regulatory action resulting in a rule that may cause the 
expenditure by State, local, and Tribal governments, in the aggregate, 
or by the private sector of $100 million or more in any one year 
(adjusted annually for inflation), section 202 of UMRA requires a 
Federal agency to publish a written statement that estimates the 
resulting costs, benefits, and other effects on the national economy. 
(2 U.S.C. 1532(a), (b)) The UMRA also requires a Federal agency to 
develop an effective process to permit timely input by elected officers 
of State, local, and Tribal governments on a proposed ``significant 
intergovernmental mandate,'' and requires an agency plan for giving 
notice and opportunity for timely input to potentially affected small 
governments before establishing any requirements that might 
significantly or uniquely affect small governments. On March 18, 1997, 
DOE published a statement of policy on its process for 
intergovernmental consultation under UMRA. 62 FR 12820; also available 
at www.energy.gov/gc/office-general-counsel. DOE examined this final 
rule according to UMRA and its statement of policy and determined that 
the rule contains neither an intergovernmental mandate, nor a mandate 
that may result in the expenditure of $100 million or more in any year, 
so these requirements do not apply.

H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 
1999

    Section 654 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations 
Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105-277) requires Federal agencies to issue a Family 
Policymaking Assessment for any rule

[[Page 50421]]

that may affect family well-being. This final rule will not have any 
impact on the autonomy or integrity of the family as an institution. 
Accordingly, DOE has concluded that it is not necessary to prepare a 
Family Policymaking Assessment.

I. Review Under Executive Order 12630

    DOE has determined, under Executive Order 12630, ``Governmental 
Actions and Interference with Constitutionally Protected Property 
Rights'' 53 FR 8859 (March 18, 1988), that this regulation will not 
result in any takings that might require compensation under the Fifth 
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 
2001

    Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations 
Act, 2001 (44 U.S.C. 3516 note) provides for agencies to review most 
disseminations of information to the public under guidelines 
established by each agency pursuant to general guidelines issued by 
OMB. OMB's guidelines were published at 67 FR 8452 (Feb. 22, 2002), and 
DOE's guidelines were published at 67 FR 62446 (Oct. 7, 2002). Pursuant 
to OMB Memorandum M-19-15, Improving Implementation of the Information 
Quality Act (April 24, 2019), DOE published updated guidelines which 
are available at www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/12/f70/DOE%20Final%20Updated%20IQA%20Guidelines%20Dec%202019.pdf. DOE has 
reviewed this final rule under the OMB and DOE guidelines and has 
concluded that it is consistent with applicable policies in those 
guidelines.

K. Review Under Executive Order 13211

    Executive Order 13211, ``Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use,'' 66 FR 28355 
(May 22, 2001), requires Federal agencies to prepare and submit to OMB, 
a Statement of Energy Effects for any significant energy action. A 
``significant energy action'' is defined as any action by an agency 
that promulgated or is expected to lead to promulgation of a final 
rule, and that (1) is a significant regulatory action under Executive 
Order 12866, or any successor order; and (2) is likely to have a 
significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of 
energy; or (3) is designated by the Administrator of OIRA as a 
significant energy action. For any significant energy action, the 
agency must give a detailed statement of any adverse effects on energy 
supply, distribution, or use if the regulation is implemented, and of 
reasonable alternatives to the action and their expected benefits on 
energy supply, distribution, and use.
    This regulatory action is not a significant regulatory action under 
Executive Order 12866. Moreover, it would not have a significant 
adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of energy, nor has 
it been designated as a significant energy action by the Administrator 
of OIRA. Therefore, it is not a significant energy action, and, 
accordingly, DOE has not prepared a Statement of Energy Effects.

L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of 
1974

    Under section 301 of the Department of Energy Organization Act 
(Pub. L. 95-91; 42 U.S.C. 7101), DOE must comply with section 32 of the 
Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974, as amended by the Federal 
Energy Administration Authorization Act of 1977. (15 U.S.C. 788; 
``FEAA'') Section 32 essentially provides in relevant part that, where 
a proposed rule authorizes or requires use of commercial standards, the 
notice of proposed rulemaking must inform the public of the use and 
background of such standards. In addition, section 32(c) requires DOE 
to consult with the Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal 
Trade Commission (``FTC'') concerning the impact of the commercial or 
industry standards on competition.
    The modifications to the test procedure for ceiling fans adopted in 
this final rule incorporate testing methods contained in certain 
sections of the following commercial standards: ANSI/AMCA Standard 230-
15 (``AMCA 230-15''), ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Air Circulating 
Fans for Rating and Certification, Includes Errata (2021).'' DOE has 
evaluated this standard and is unable to conclude whether it fully 
complies with the requirements of section 32(b) of the FEAA (i.e., 
whether it was developed in a manner that fully provides for public 
participation, comment, and review.) DOE has consulted with both the 
Attorney General and the Chairman of the FTC about the impact on 
competition of using the methods contained in these standards and has 
received no comments objecting to their use.

M. Congressional Notification

    As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will report to Congress on the 
promulgation of this rule before its effective date. The report will 
state that it has been determined that the rule is not a ``major rule'' 
as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).

N. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference

    The Director of the Federal Register previously approved AMCA 208-
18 for incorporation by reference into appendix U to subpart B: The 
procedure defines the fan energy index (``FEI''), outlines the 
calculations necessary to obtain it, and discusses the test conditions 
and configurations it applies to.
    In this final rule, DOE incorporates by reference the following 
standards:
    AMCA 230-15, ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Air Circulating Fans 
for Rating and Certification'', including AMCA 230-15 Technical Errata 
2021-05-05, ``Technical Errata Sheet for ANSI/AMCA Standard 230-15: 
Density Corrections'', dated May 5, 2021. AMCA 230-15 is an industry-
accepted test procedure for measuring the airflow efficiency of 
commercial and industrial ceiling fans.
    IEC 62301, Household electrical appliances--Measurement of standby 
power, (Edition 2.0, 2011-01). The procedure provides a basis for 
standby-mode testing.
    The AMCA standards are available from Air Movement and Control 
Association International, Inc. (AMCA), 30 West University Drive, 
Arlington Heights, IL 60004, (847) 394-0150, or by going to 
www.amca.org/store.
    The IEC standard is available from International Electrotechnical 
Commission (IEC), 3 Rue de Varembe, Case Postale 131, 1211 Geneva 20, 
Switzerland, https://webstore.iec.ch/ and from the American National 
Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 
10036, (212) 642-4900, https://webstore.ansi.org.

V. Approval of the Office of the Secretary

    The Secretary of Energy has approved publication of this final 
rule.

List of Subjects

10 CFR Part 429

    Administrative practice and procedure, Confidential business 
information, Energy conservation, Household appliances, Imports, 
Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, 
Small businesses.

10 CFR Part 430

    Administrative practice and procedure, Confidential business 
information, Energy conservation, Household appliances, Imports, 
Incorporation by reference,

[[Page 50422]]

Intergovernmental relations, Small businesses.

Signing Authority

    This document of the Department of Energy was signed on August 2, 
2022, by Kelly J. Speakes-Backman, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary 
for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, pursuant to delegated 
authority from the Secretary of Energy. That document with the original 
signature and date is maintained by DOE. For administrative purposes 
only, and in compliance with requirements of the Office of the Federal 
Register, the undersigned DOE Federal Register Liaison Officer has been 
authorized to sign and submit the document in electronic format for 
publication, as an official document of the Department of Energy. This 
administrative process in no way alters the legal effect of this 
document upon publication in the Federal Register.

    Signed in Washington, DC, on August 3, 2022.
Treena V. Garrett,
Federal Register Liaison Officer, U.S. Department of Energy.

    For the reasons stated in the preamble, DOE amends parts 429 and 
430 of chapter II of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations as set forth 
below:

PART 429--CERTIFICATION, COMPLIANCE, AND ENFORCEMENT FOR CONSUMER 
PRODUCTS AND COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT

0
1. The authority citation for part 429 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 6291-6317; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.

0
2. Section 429.32 is amended by:
0
a. Revising the paragraph (a)(2) introductory text and paragraph 
(a)(2)(ii)(B); and
0
b. Adding paragraphs (a)(3) and (4);
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  429.32  Ceiling fans.

    (a) * * *
    (2) For each basic model of ceiling fan, a sample of sufficient 
size must be randomly selected and tested to ensure that--
* * * * *
    (ii) * * *
    (B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit (UCL) of the true mean 
divided by 1.1, where:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.003

    And x is the sample mean; s is the sample standard deviation; n is 
the number of samples; and t0.95 is the t statistic for a 
95% one-tailed confidence interval with n-1 degrees of freedom (from 
appendix A to this subpart); and
    (3) For each basic model of ceiling fan,
    (i) Any represented value of blade span, as defined in section 1.4 
of appendix U to subpart B of part 430, is the mean of the blade spans 
measured for the sample selected as described in paragraph (a)(1) of 
this section, rounded to the nearest inch;
    (ii) Any represented value of blade revolutions per minute (RPM) is 
the mean of the blade RPM measurements measured for the sample selected 
as described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section, rounded to the 
nearest RPM;
    (iii) Any represented value of blade edge thickness is the mean of 
the blade edge thicknesses measured for the sample selected as 
described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section, rounded to the nearest 
0.01 inch;
    (iv) Any represented value of the distance between the ceiling and 
the lowest point on the fan blades is the mean of the distances 
measured for the sample selected as described in paragraph (a)(1) of 
this section, rounded to the nearest quarter of an inch;
    (v) Any represented value of tip speed is pi multiplied by 
represented value of blade span divided by twelve multiplied by the 
represented value of RPM, rounded to the nearest foot per minute; and
    (vi) Any represented value of airflow (CFM) at high speed, 
including the value used to determine whether a ceiling fan is a 
highly-decorative ceiling fan as defined in section 1.10 of appendix U 
to subpart B of part 430, is determined pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(i) 
and rounded to the nearest CFM.
    (4) To determine representative values of airflow, energy use, and 
estimated yearly energy cost of an LSSD or VSD ceiling fan basic model, 
use the following provisions.
    (i) Airflow. Determine the represented value for airflow by 
calculating the weighted-average airflow of an LSSD or VSD ceiling fan 
basic model at low and high fan speed as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.004


Where:

CFMave = represented value of ceiling fan airflow, 
rounded to the nearest CFM.
CFMLow = represented value of measured airflow, in cubic 
feet per minute, at low fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(i) 
of this section.
CFMHigh = represented value of measured airflow, in cubic 
feet per minute, at high fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(i) 
of this section.
3.0 = average daily operating hours at low fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U to subpart B of part 430.
3.4 = average daily operating hours at high fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U to subpart B of part 430.
6.4 = total average daily operating hours.

    (ii) Energy Use. Determine represented value for energy use by 
calculating the weighted-average power consumption of an LSSD or VSD 
ceiling fan basic model at low and high fan speed as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.005



[[Page 50423]]


Where:

Wave = represented value power consumption, rounded to 
the nearest watt,
WLow = represented value of measured power consumption, 
in watts, at low fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this 
section.
WHigh = represented value of measured power consumption, 
in watts, at high fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of 
this section.
WSb = represented value of measured power consumption, in 
watts, in standby mode, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this 
section.
3.0 = average daily operating hours at low fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U to subpart B of part 430.
3.4 = average daily operating hours at high fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U to subpart B of part 430.
17.6 = average daily standby mode hours, pursuant to Table 3 in 
appendix U to subpart B of part 430.
6.4 = total average daily operating hours.

    (iii) Estimated Yearly Energy Cost. Determine the represented value 
for estimated yearly energy cost of an LSSD or VSD ceiling fan basic 
model at low and high fan speed as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.006

Where:

EYEC = represented value for estimated yearly energy cost, rounded 
to the nearest dollar,
WLow = represented value of measured power consumption, 
in watts, at low fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this 
section.
WHigh = represented value of measured power consumption, 
in watts, at high fan speed, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of 
this section.
WSb = represented value of measured power consumption, in 
watts, in standby mode, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this 
section.
CKWH = representative average unit cost of electrical 
energy in dollars per kilowatt-hour pursuant to 16 CFR part 305.
3.0 = average daily operating hours at low fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U to subpart B of part 430
3.4 = average daily operating hours at high fan speed, pursuant to 
Table 3 in appendix U to subpart B of part 430.
17.6 = average daily standby mode hours, pursuant to Table 3 in 
appendix U to subpart B of part 430.
365 = number of days per year.
1000 = conversion factor from watts to kilowatts.

* * * * *

0
3. Section 429.134 is amended by adding paragraph (t) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  429.134   Product-specific enforcement provisions.

* * * * *
    (t) Ceiling Fans--(1) Verification of blade span. DOE will measure 
the blade span and round the measurement pursuant to the test 
requirements of 10 CFR part 430 of this chapter for each unit tested. 
DOE will consider the represented blade span valid only if the rounded 
measurement(s) (either the rounded measured value for a single unit, or 
the mean of the rounded measured values for a multiple unit sample, 
rounded to the nearest inch) is the same as the represented blade span.
    (i) If DOE determines that the represented blade span is valid, 
that blade span will be used as the basis for determining the product 
class and calculating the minimum allowable ceiling fan efficiency.
    (ii) If DOE determines that the represented blade span is invalid, 
DOE will use the rounded measured blade span(s) as the basis for 
determining the product class, and calculating the minimum allowable 
ceiling fan efficiency.
    (2) Verification of the distance between the ceiling and lowest 
point of fan blades. DOE will measure the distance between the ceiling 
and lowest point of the fan blades and round the measurement pursuant 
to the test requirements of 10 CFR part 430 of this chapter for each 
unit tested. DOE will consider the represented distance valid only if 
the rounded measurement(s) (either the measured value for a single 
unit, or the mean of the measured values for a multiple unit sample, 
rounded to the nearest quarter inch) are the same as the represented 
distance.
    (i) If DOE determines that the represented distance is valid, that 
distance will be used as the basis for determining the product class.
    (ii) If DOE determines that the represented distance is invalid, 
DOE will use the rounded measured distance(s) as the basis for 
determining the product class.
    (3) Verification of blade revolutions per minute (RPM) measured at 
high speed. DOE will measure the blade RPM at high speed pursuant to 
the test requirements of 10 CFR part 430 of this chapter for each unit 
tested. DOE will consider the represented blade RPM measured at high 
speed valid only if the measurement(s) (either the measured value for a 
single unit, or the mean of the measured values for a multiple unit 
sample, rounded to the nearest RPM) are within 2 percent of the 
represented blade RPM at high speed.
    (i) If DOE determines that the represented RPM is valid, that RPM 
will be used as the basis for determining the product class.
    (ii) If DOE determines that the represented RPM is invalid, DOE 
will use the rounded measured RPM(s) as the basis for determining the 
product class.
    (4) Verification of blade edge thickness. DOE will measure the 
blade edge thickness and round the measurement pursuant to the test 
requirements of 10 CFR part 430 for each unit tested. DOE will consider 
the represented blade edge thickness valid only if the measurement(s) 
(either the measured value for a single unit, or the mean of the 
measured values for a multiple unit sample, rounded to the nearest 0.01 
inch) are the same as the represented blade edge thickness.
    (i) If DOE determines that the represented blade edge thickness is 
valid, that blade edge thickness will be used for determining product 
class.
    (ii) If DOE determines that the represented blade edge thickness is 
invalid, DOE will use the rounded measured blade edge thickness(es) as 
the basis for determining the product class.

PART 430--ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS

0
4. The authority citation for part 430 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 6291-6309; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.


0
5. Section 430.2 is amended by revising the definition of ``Ceiling 
fan'' to read as follows:


Sec.  430.2   Definitions.

* * * * *
    Ceiling fan means a nonportable device that is suspended from a 
ceiling for circulating air via the rotation of fan blades. For the 
purpose of this definition:
    (1) Circulating air means the discharge of air in an upward or 
downward direction. A ceiling fan that has a ratio of fan blade span 
(in inches)

[[Page 50424]]

to maximum rotation rate (in revolutions per minute) greater than 0.06 
provides circulating air.
    (2) For all other ceiling fan related definitions, see appendix U 
to this subpart.
* * * * *

0
6. Section 430.3 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (b)(4);
0
b. Adding paragraph (b)(5);
0
c. Revising the introductory text to paragraph (p);
0
d. In paragraph (p)(6), adding the text ``U,'' immediately before the 
text ``X,'';
0
e. Removing and reserving paragraph (p)(8); and
0
f. Adding note 1 to paragraph (p).
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  430.3  Materials incorporated by reference.

    (b) * * *
    (4) ANSI/AMCA Standard 230-15 (``AMCA 230-15''), Laboratory Methods 
of Testing Air Circulating Fans for Rating and Certification, ANSI-
approved October 16, 2015; IBR approved for appendix U of subpart B.
    (5) AMCA 230-15 Technical Errata 2021-05-05 (``AMCA 260-15 TE), 
Technical Errata Sheet for ANSI/AMCA Standard 230-15: Density 
Corrections, dated May 5, 2021; IBR approved for appendix U of subpart 
B.
* * * * *
    (p) IEC. International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 Rue de 
Varembe, Case Postale 131, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland; https://webstore.iec.ch/.
* * * * *
    Note 2 to paragraph (p). The standards referenced in paragraphs 
(p)(1) through (9) are also available from ANSI. See paragraph (e) of 
this section.

0
7. Section 430.23 is amended by revising paragraph (w) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  430.23   Test procedures for the measurement of energy and water 
consumption.

* * * * *
    (w) Ceiling fans. Measure the following attributes of a single 
ceiling fan in accordance with appendix U to this subpart: airflow; 
power consumption; ceiling fan efficiency, as applicable; ceiling fan 
energy index (CFEI), as applicable; standby power, as applicable; 
distance between the ceiling and lowest point of fan blades; blade 
span; blade edge thickness; and blade revolutions per minute (RPM).
* * * * *

0
8. Appendix U to subpart B of part 430 is amended by:
0
a. Removing the introductory text and adding, in its place, a note to 
the appendix;
0
b. Adding section 0;
0
c. Revising sections 1.4, and 1.8 through 1.20;
0
d. Adding sections 1.21;
0
e. Revising section 2;
0
f. Revising the introductory text to section 3, and sections 3.2.2(1), 
3.2.2(4), 3.2.2(6), 3.2.3, 3.3.1(3), 3.3.1(4), 3.3.1(5), 3.3.1(6), 
3.3.1(8), and 3.3.2;
0
g. Adding section 3.3.3;
0
h. Revising sections 3.4, 3.5, 3.5.1, and 3.6.;
0
i. Revising sections 4 and 5; and
0
j. Removing the text ``IEC 62301-U'' and adding, in its place, the text 
``IEC 62301'', wherever it appears.
    The revisions and additions read as follows:

Appendix U to Subpart B of Part 430--Uniform Test Method for Measuring 
the Energy Consumption of Ceiling Fans

    Note: Prior to February 13, 2023, manufacturers must make any 
representations with respect to the energy use or efficiency of 
ceiling fans as specified in section 2 of this appendix as it 
appeared on January 23, 2017. On or after February 13, 2023, 
manufacturers of ceiling fans, as specified in section 2 of this 
appendix, must make any representations with respect to energy use 
or efficiency in accordance with the results of testing pursuant to 
this appendix. Representations of standby power consumption for 
large-diameter ceiling fans including for the purpose of 
certification, are not required until such time as compliance is 
required with an energy conservation standard for standby power 
consumption. Upon the compliance date(s) of any energy conservation 
standards for large-diameter ceiling fans with a blade span greater 
than 24 feet, use of the applicable provisions of this test 
procedure to demonstrate compliance with the energy conservation 
standard will also be required.

0. Incorporation by Reference

    In Sec.  430.3, DOE incorporated by reference the entire 
standard for AMCA 208-18, AMCA 230-15, AMCA 230-15 TE, and IEC 
62301; however, only enumerated provisions of AMCA 230-15, AMCA 230-
15 TE, and IEC 62301 are applicable as follows:
    0.1 AMCA 230-15 (including corresponding sections in AMCA 230-15 
TE):
    (a) Section 3--Units of Measurement, as specified in section 3.4 
of this appendix;
    (b) Section 4--Symbols and Subscripts; (including Table 1--
Symbols and Subscripts), as specified in section 3.4 of this 
appendix;
    (c) Section 5--Definitions (except 5.1), as specified in section 
3.4 of this appendix;
    (d) Section 6--Instruments and Section Methods of Measurement, 
as specified in section 3.4 of this appendix;
    (e) Section 7--Equipment and Setups (except the last 2 bulleted 
items in 7.1--Allowable test setups), as specified in section 3.4 of 
this appendix;
    (f) Section 8--Observations and Conduct of Test, as specified in 
section 3.5 of this appendix;
    (g) Section 9--Calculations (except 9.5 and 9.6), as specified 
in section 3.5 of this appendix; and
    (h) Test Figure 1--Vertical Airflow Setup with Load Cell 
(Ceiling Fans), as specified in section 3.4 of this appendix.
    0.2 IEC 62301:
    (a) Section 4.3.1--Supply voltage and frequency (first paragraph 
only), as specified in section 3.6 of this appendix;
    (b) Section 4.3.2--Supply voltage waveform, as specified in 
section 3.6 of this appendix;
    (c) Section 4.4--General conditions for measurements: Power 
measuring instruments, as specified in section 3.6 of this appendix;
    (d) Section 5.3.1--General (except the last bulleted item), as 
specified in section 3.6 of this appendix and
    (e) Section 5.3.2--Sampling method (first two paragraphs and 
Note 1), as specified in sections 3.6 and 3.6.3 of this appendix.
* * * * *
    1.4. Blade span means the diameter of the largest circle swept 
by any part of the fan blade assembly, including attachments. The 
represented value of blade span (D) is as determined in 10 CFR 
429.32.
* * * * *
    1.8. High-speed small-diameter (HSSD) ceiling fan means a small-
diameter ceiling fan that is not a very-small-diameter ceiling fan, 
highly-decorative ceiling fan or belt-driven ceiling fan and that 
has a represented value of blade edge thickness, as determined in 10 
CFR 429.32(a)(3)(iii), of less than 3.2 mm or a maximum represented 
value of tip speed, as determined in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(3)(v), greater 
than the applicable limit specified in the table in this definition.

                       High-Speed Small-Diameter Ceiling Fan Blade and Tip Speed Criteria
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Thickness (t) of edges of blades             Tip speed threshold
          Airflow direction          ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                              Mm                Inch               m/s          feet per minute
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Downward-only.......................     4.8 > t >= 3.2  \3/16\ > t >= \1/               16.3              3,200
                                                                        8\
Downward-only.......................           t >= 4.8        t >= \3/16\               20.3              4,000
Reversible..........................     4.8 > t >= 3.2  \3/16\ > t >= \1/               12.2              2,400
                                                                        8\

[[Page 50425]]

 
Reversible..........................           t >= 4.8        t >= \3/16\               16.3              3,200
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    1.9. High-speed belt-driven (HSBD) ceiling fan means a ceiling 
fan that is a belt-driven ceiling fan with one fan head, and that 
has a represented value of blade edge thickness, as determined in 10 
CFR 429.32(a)(3)(iii), of less than 3.2 mm or a maximum represented 
value of tip speed, as determined in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(3)(v), greater 
than the applicable limit specified in the table in this definition.

                         High-Speed Belt-Driven Ceiling Fan Blade and Tip Speed Criteria
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Thickness (t) of edges of blades             Tip speed threshold
          Airflow direction          ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                              Mm                Inch               m/s          feet per minute
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Downward-only.......................     4.8 > t >= 3.2  \3/16\ > t >= \1/               16.3              3,200
                                                                        8\
Downward-only.......................           t >= 4.8        t >= \3/16\               20.3              4,000
Reversible..........................     4.8 > t >= 3.2  \3/16\ > t >= \1/               12.2              2,400
                                                                        8\
Reversible..........................           t >= 4.8        t >= \3/16\               16.3              3,200
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    1.10. Highly-decorative ceiling fan means a ceiling fan with a 
maximum represented value of blade revolutions per minute (RPM), as 
determined in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(3)(ii), of 90 RPM, and a represented 
value of airflow at high speed, as determined in 10 CFR 
429.32(a)(3)(vi), of less than 1,840 CFM.
    1.11. Hugger ceiling fan means a low-speed small-diameter 
ceiling fan that is not a very-small-diameter ceiling fan, highly-
decorative ceiling fan, or belt-driven ceiling fan, and for which 
the represented value of the distance between the ceiling and the 
lowest point on the fan blades, as determined in 10 CFR 
429.32(a)(3)(iv), is less than or equal to 10 inches.
    1.12. Large-diameter ceiling fan means a ceiling fan that is not 
a highly-decorative ceiling fan or belt-driven ceiling fan and has a 
represented value of blade span, as determined in 10 CFR 
429.32(a)(3)(i), greater than seven feet.
    1.13. Low speed means the lowest available speed that meets the 
following criteria:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Number of sensors per individual     Number of sensors per individual
   axis as  determined in section     axis measuring 40 feet per minute
     3.2.2(6) of this appendix                    or greater
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            3                                    2
                            4                                    3
                            5                                    3
                            6                                    4
                            7                                    4
                            8                                    5
                            9                                    6
                           10                                    7
                           11                                    8
                           12                                    9
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    1.14. Low-speed small-diameter (LSSD) ceiling fan means a small-
diameter ceiling fan that has a represented value of blade edge 
thickness, as determined in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(3)(iii), greater than 
or equal to 3.2 mm and a maximum represented value of tip speed, as 
determined in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(3)(v), less than or equal to the 
applicable limit specified in the table in this definition.

                        Low-Speed Small-Diameter Ceiling Fan Blade and Tip Speed Criteria
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Thickness (t) of edges of blades             Tip speed threshold
          Airflow direction          ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                              Mm                Inch               m/s          feet per minute
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reversible..........................     4.8 > t >= 3.2  \3/16\ > t >= \1/               12.2              2,400
                                                                        8\
Reversible..........................           t >= 4.8        t >= \3/16\               16.3              3,200
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    1.15. Multi-head ceiling fan means a ceiling fan with more than 
one fan head, i.e., more than one set of rotating fan blades.
    1.16. Multi-mount ceiling fan means a low-speed small-diameter 
ceiling fan that can be mounted in the configurations associated 
with both the standard and hugger ceiling fans.
    1.17. Oscillating ceiling fan means a ceiling fan containing one 
or more fan heads for which the axis of rotation of the fan blades 
cannot remain in a fixed position relative to the ceiling. Such fans 
have no inherent means by which to disable the oscillating function 
separate from the fan blade rotation.
    1.18. Small-diameter ceiling fan means a ceiling fan that has a 
represented value of blade span, as determined in 10 CFR 
429.32(a)(3)(i), less than or equal to seven feet.
    1.19. Standard ceiling fan means a low-speed small-diameter 
ceiling fan that is not a very-small-diameter ceiling fan, highly-
decorative ceiling fan or belt-driven ceiling fan, and for which the 
represented value of the distance between the ceiling and the lowest 
point on the fan blades, as determined in 10 CFR 429.32(a)(3)(iv), 
is greater than 10 inches.
    1.20. Total airflow means the sum of the product of airflow and 
hours of operation at all tested speeds. For multi-head fans, this 
includes the airflow from all fan heads.
    1.21. Very-small-diameter (VSD) ceiling fan means a small-
diameter ceiling fan that is not a highly-decorative ceiling fan or 
belt-driven ceiling fan; and has one or more fan heads, each of 
which has a represented value of blade span, as determined in 10 CFR 
429.32(a)(3)(i), of 18 inches or less. Only VSD fans that also meet 
the definition of an LSSD fan are required to be tested for purposes 
of determining compliance with energy efficiency standards 
established by DOE and for other representations of energy 
efficiency.
    2. Scope:
    The provisions in this appendix apply to ceiling fans except:
    (1) Ceiling fans where the plane of rotation of a ceiling fan's 
blades is not less than or equal to 45 degrees from horizontal, or 
cannot be adjusted based on the manufacturer's specifications to be 
less than or equal to 45 degrees from horizontal;
    (2) Centrifugal ceiling fans;
    (3) Belt-driven ceiling fans that are not high-speed belt-driven 
ceiling fans; and
    (4) Oscillating ceiling fans.
    3. General Instructions, Test Apparatus, and Test Measurement:
    The test apparatus and test measurement used to determine energy 
performance

[[Page 50426]]

depend on the ceiling fan's blade span, and in some cases the 
ceiling fan's blade edge thickness. For each tested ceiling fan, 
measure the lateral distance from the center of the axis of rotation 
of the fan blades to the furthest fan blade edge from the center of 
the axis of rotation. Measure this lateral distance at the 
resolution of the measurement instrument, using an instrument with a 
measurement resolution of least 0.25 inches. Multiply the lateral 
distance by two and then round to the nearest whole inch to 
determine the blade span. For ceiling fans having a blade span 
greater than 18 inches and less than or equal to 84 inches, measure 
the ceiling fan's blade edge thickness. To measure the fan blade 
edge thickness, use an instrument with a measurement resolution of 
at least 0.001 inch and measure the thickness of one fan blade's 
leading edge (in the forward direction) according to the following:
    (1) Locate the cross-section perpendicular to the fan blade's 
radial length that is at least one inch from the tip of the fan 
blade and for which the blade is thinnest, and
    (2) Measure at the thickest point of that cross-section within 
one inch from the leading edge of the fan blade.
    See Figure 1 of this appendix for an instructional schematic on 
the fan blade edge thickness measurement. Figure 1 depicts a ceiling 
fan from above. Round the measured blade edge thickness to the 
nearest 0.01 inch.
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.007

* * * * *
    3.2.2. Equipment Set-up.
    (1) Make sure the transformer power is off. Hang the ceiling fan 
to be tested directly from the ceiling, according to the 
manufacturer's installation instructions. Hang all non-multi-mount 
ceiling fans in the fan configuration that minimizes the distance 
between the ceiling and the lowest point of the fan blades. Hang and 
test multi-mount fans in two configurations: The configuration 
associated the definition of a standard fan that minimizes the 
distance between the ceiling and the lowest point of the fan blades 
and the configuration associated with the definition of a hugger fan 
that minimizes the distance between the ceiling and the lowest point 
of the fan blades. For all tested configurations, measure the 
distance between the ceiling and the lowest point of the fan blade 
using an instrument with a measurement resolution of at least 0.25 
inches. Round the measured distance from the ceiling to the lowest 
point of the fan blade to the nearest quarter inch.
* * * * *
    (4) A single rotating sensor arm, two rotating sensor arms, or 
four fixed sensor arms can be used to take air velocity measurements 
along four axes, labeled A-D. Axes A, B, C, and D are at 0, 90, 180, 
and 270 degree positions. Axes A-D must be perpendicular to the four 
walls of the room. See Figure 2 of this appendix.

[[Page 50427]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.008

* * * * *
    (6) Place the sensors at intervals of 4  0.0625 
inches along a sensor arm, starting with the first sensor at the 
point where the four axes intersect, aligning the sensors 
perpendicular to the direction of airflow. Do not touch the actual 
sensor prior to testing. Use enough sensors to record air delivery 
within a circle 8 inches larger in diameter than the blade span of 
the ceiling fan being tested. The experimental set-up is shown in 
Figure 3 of this appendix.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.009

BILLING CODE 6450-01-C
* * * * *
    3.2.3. Multi-Head Ceiling Fan Test Set-Up.
    Hang a multi-headed ceiling fan from the ceiling such that one 
of the ceiling fan heads is centered directly over sensor 1 (i.e., 
at the intersection of axes A, B, C, and D). The distance between 
the lowest point any of the fan blades of the centered fan head can 
reach and the air velocity sensors is to be such that it is the same 
as for all other small-diameter ceiling fans (see Figure 3 of this 
appendix). If the multi-head ceiling fan has an oscillating function 
(i.e., the fan heads change their axis of rotation relative to the 
ceiling) that can be switched off, switch it off prior to taking air 
velocity measurements. If any multi-head fan does not come with the 
blades preinstalled, install fan blades only on the fan head that 
will be directly centered over the intersection of the sensor axes. 
(Even if the fan heads in a multi-head ceiling fan would typically 
oscillate when the blades are

[[Page 50428]]

installed on all fan heads, the ceiling fan is subject to this test 
procedure if the centered fan head does not oscillate when it is the 
only fan head with the blades installed.) If the fan blades are 
preinstalled on all fan heads, measure air velocity in accordance 
with section 3.3 of this appendix except turn on only the centered 
fan head. Take the power consumption measurements separately, with 
the fan blades installed on all fan heads and with any oscillating 
function, if present, switched on.
* * * * *
    3.3.1 Test conditions to be followed when testing:
* * * * *
    (3) If present, any additional accessories or features sold with 
the ceiling fan that do not relate to the ceiling fan's ability to 
create airflow by rotation of the fan blades (for example light kit, 
heater, air ionization, ultraviolet technology) is to be installed 
but turned off during testing. If such an accessory or feature 
cannot be turned off, it shall be set to the lowest energy-consuming 
mode during testing. If the ceiling fan is offered with a default 
controller, test using the default controller. If multiple 
controllers are offered, test using the minimally functional 
controller.
    (4) If present, turn off any oscillating function causing the 
axis of rotation of the fan head(s) to change relative to the 
ceiling during operation prior to taking air velocity measurements. 
Turn on any oscillating function prior to taking power measurements.
    (5) Test ceiling fans rated for operation with only a single- or 
multi-phase power supply with single- or multi-phase electricity, 
respectively. Test ceiling fans capable of operating with single- 
and multi-phase electricity with single-phase electricity. DOE will 
allow manufacturers of ceiling fans capable of operating with 
single- and multi-phase electricity to test such fans with single-
phase power and make representations of efficiency associated with 
both single and multi-phase electricity if a manufacturer desires to 
do so, but the test results in the multi-phase configuration will 
not be valid to assess compliance with any amended energy 
conservation standard. All tested power supply should be at 60 Hz.
    (6) The supply voltage shall be:
    (i) for ceiling fans tested with single-phase electricity, the 
supply voltage shall be:
    (a) 120 V if the ceiling fan's minimum rated voltage is 120 V or 
the lowest rated voltage range contains 120 V,
    (b) 240 V if the ceiling fan's minimum rated voltage is 240 V or 
the lowest rated voltage range contains 240 V, or
    (c) The ceiling fan's minimum rated voltage (if a voltage range 
is not given) or the mean of the lowest rated voltage range, in all 
other cases.
    (ii) for ceiling fans tested with multi-phase electricity, the 
supply voltage shall be:
    (a) 240 V if the ceiling fan's minimum rated voltage is 240 V or 
the lowest rated voltage range contains 240 V, or
    (b) The ceiling fan's minimum rated voltage (if a voltage range 
is not given) or the mean of the lowest rated voltage range, in all 
other cases.
    (iii) The test voltage shall not vary by more than 1% during the tests.
* * * * *
    (8) Measure power input at a point that includes all power-
consuming components of the ceiling fan (but without any attached 
light kit energized; or without any additional accessory or feature 
energized, if possible; and if not, with the additional accessory or 
feature set at the lowest energy-consuming mode). If the ceiling fan 
is offered with a default controller, test using the default 
controller. If multiple controllers are offered, test using the 
minimally functional controller.
* * * * *
    3.3.2 Air Velocity and Power Consumption Testing Procedure:
    Measure the air velocity (FPM) and power consumption (W) for 
HSSD ceiling fans until stable measurements are achieved, measuring 
at high speed only. Measure the air velocity and power consumption 
for LSSD and VSD ceiling fans that also meet the definition of an 
LSSD fan until stable measurements are achieved, measuring first at 
low speed and then at high speed. To determine low speed, start 
measurements at the lowest available speed and move to the next 
highest speed until the low speed definition in section 1.13 of this 
appendix is met. Air velocity and power consumption measurements are 
considered stable for high speed if:
    (1) The average air velocity for each sensor varies by less than 
5 percent or 2 FPM, whichever is greater, compared to the average 
air velocity measured for that same sensor in a successive set of 
air velocity measurements, and
    (2) Average power consumption varies by less than 1 percent in a 
successive set of power consumption measurements.
    (a) Air velocity and power consumption measurements are 
considered stable for low speed if:
    (1) The average air velocity for each sensor varies by less than 
10 percent or 2 FPM, whichever is greater, compared to the average 
air velocity measured for that same sensor in a successive set of 
air velocity measurements, and
    (2) Average power consumption varies by less than 1 percent in a 
successive set of power consumption measurements.
    (b) These stability criteria are applied differently to ceiling 
fans with airflow not directly downward. See section 3.3.3 of this 
appendix.
    Step 1: Set the first sensor arm (if using four fixed arms), two 
sensor arm (if using a two-arm rotating setup), or single sensor arm 
(if using a single-arm rotating setup) to the 0 degree Position 
(Axis A). If necessary, use a marking as reference. If using a 
single-arm rotating setup or two-arm rotating setup, adjust the 
sensor arm alignment until it is at the 0 degree position by 
remotely controlling the antenna rotator.
    Step 2: Set software up to read and record air velocity, 
expressed in feet per minute (FPM) in 1 second intervals. 
(Temperature does not need to be recorded in 1 second intervals.) 
Record current barometric pressure.
    Step 3: Allow test fan to run 15 minutes at rated voltage and at 
high speed if the ceiling fan is an HSSD ceiling fan. If the ceiling 
fan is an LSSD or VSD ceiling fan that also meets the definition of 
an LSSD fan, allow the test fan to run 15 minutes at the rated 
voltage and at the lowest available ceiling fan speed. Turn off all 
forced-air environmental conditioning equipment entering the chamber 
(e.g., air conditioning), close all doors and vents, and wait an 
additional 3 minutes prior to starting test session.
    Step 4a: For a rotating sensor arm: Begin recording readings. 
Starting with Axis A, take 100 air velocity readings (100 seconds 
run-time) and record these data. For all fans except multi-head fans 
and fans capable of oscillating, also measure power during the 
interval that air velocity measurements are taken. Record the 
average value of the air velocity readings for each sensor in feet 
per minute (FPM). Determine if the readings meet the low speed 
definition as defined in section 1.13 of this appendix. If not, 
restart Step 4a at the next highest speed until the low-speed 
definition is met. Once the low speed definition is met, rotate the 
arm, stabilize the arm, and allow 30 seconds to allow the arm to 
stop oscillating. Repeat data recording and rotation process for 
Axes B, C, and D. Step 4a is complete when the readings for all axes 
meet the low speed definition at the same speed. Save the data for 
all axes only for those measurements that meet the low speed 
definition. Using the measurements applicable to low speed, record 
the average value of the power measurement in watts (W) (400 
readings). Record the average value of the air velocity readings for 
each sensor in feet per minute (FPM) (400 readings).
    Step 4b: For a two-arm rotating setup: Begin recording readings. 
Starting with Axes A and C, take 100 air velocity readings (100 
seconds run-time) for both axes and record these data. For all fans 
except multi-head fans and fans capable of oscillating, also measure 
power during the interval that air velocity measurements are taken. 
Record the average value of the air velocity readings for each 
sensor in feet per minute (FPM). Determine if the readings meet the 
low speed definition as defined in section 1.13 of this appendix. If 
not, restart Step 4b at the next highest speed until the low speed 
definition is met. Once the low speed definition is met, rotate the 
two-arm, stabilize the arm, and allow 30 seconds to allow the arm to 
stop oscillating. Repeat data recording for Axes B and D. Step 4b is 
complete when the readings for all axes meet the low speed 
definition at the same speed. Save the data for all axes only for 
those measurements that meet the low speed definition. Using the 
measurements applicable to low speed, record the average value of 
the power measurement in watts (W) (200 readings). Record the 
average value of the air velocity readings for each sensor in feet 
per minute (FPM) (200 readings).
    Step 4c: For four fixed sensor arms: Begin recording readings. 
Take 100 air velocity readings (100 seconds run-time) and record 
this data. Take the readings for all sensor arms (Axes A, B, C, and 
D) simultaneously. For all fans except multi-head fans and fans 
capable of oscillating, also measure power

[[Page 50429]]

during the interval that air velocity measurements are taken. Record 
the average value of the air velocity readings for each sensor in 
feet per minute (FPM). Determine if the readings meet the low speed 
definition as defined in section 1.13 of this appendix. If not, 
restart Step 4c at the next highest speed until the low speed 
definition is met. Step 4c is complete when the readings for all 
axes meet the low speed definition at the same speed. Save the data 
for all axes only for those measurements that meet the low speed 
definition. Using the measurements applicable to low speed, record 
the average value of the power measurement in watts (W) (100 
readings). Record the average value of the air velocity readings for 
each sensor in feet per minute (FPM) (100 readings).
    Step 5: Repeat step 4a, 4b or 4c until stable measurements are 
achieved.
    Step 6: Repeat steps 1 through 5 above on high speed for LSSD 
and VSD ceiling fans that also meet the definition of an LSSD fan. 
Note: Ensure that temperature and humidity readings are maintained 
within the required tolerances for the duration of the test (all 
tested speeds). Forced-air environmental conditioning equipment may 
be used and doors and vents may be opened between test sessions to 
maintain environmental conditions.
    Step 7: If testing a multi-mount ceiling fan, repeat steps 1 
through 6 with the ceiling fan in the ceiling fan configuration 
(associated with either hugger or standard ceiling fans) not already 
tested.
    If a multi-head ceiling fan includes more than one category of 
ceiling fan head, then test at least one of each unique category. A 
fan head with different construction that could affect air movement 
or power consumption, such as housing, blade pitch, or motor, would 
constitute a different category of fan head.
    Step 8: For multi-head ceiling fans, measure active (real) power 
consumption in all phases simultaneously at each speed continuously 
for 100 seconds with all fan heads turned on, and record the average 
value at each speed in watts (W).
    For ceiling fans with an oscillating function, measure active 
(real) power consumption in all phases simultaneously at each speed 
continuously for 100 seconds with the oscillating function turned 
on. Record the average value of the power measurement in watts (W).
    For both multi-head ceiling fans and fans with an oscillating 
function, repeat power consumption measurement until stable power 
measurements are achieved.
    3.3.3 Air Velocity Measurements for Ceiling Fans with Airflow 
Not Directly Downward:
    Using the number of sensors that cover the same diameter as if 
the airflow were directly downward, record air velocity at each 
speed from the same number of continuous sensors with the largest 
air velocity measurements. This continuous set of sensors must be 
along the axis that the ceiling fan tilt is directed in (and along 
the axis that is 180 degrees from the first axis). For example, a 
42-inch fan tilted toward axis A may create the pattern of air 
velocity shown in Figure 4 of this appendix. As shown in Table 1 of 
this appendix, a 42-inch fan would normally require 7 active sensors 
per axis. However, because the fan is not directed downward, all 
sensors must record data. In this case, because the set of sensors 
corresponding to maximum air velocity are centered 3 sensor 
positions away from the sensor 1 along the A axis, substitute the 
air velocity at A axis sensor 4 for the average air velocity at 
sensor 1. Take the average of the air velocity at A axis sensors 3 
and 5 as a substitute for the average air velocity at sensor 2, take 
the average of the air velocity at A axis sensors 2 and 6 as a 
substitute for the average air velocity at sensor 3, etc. Lastly, 
take the average of the air velocities at A axis sensor 10 and C 
axis sensor 4 as a substitute for the average air velocity at sensor 
7. Stability criteria apply after these substitutions. For example, 
air velocity stability at sensor 7 are determined based on the 
average of average air velocity at A axis sensor 10 and C axis 
sensor 4 in successive measurements. Any air velocity measurements 
made along the B-D axis are not included in the calculation of 
average air velocity.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.010

    3.4 Test apparatus for large-diameter ceiling fans and high-
speed belt-driven ceiling fans:
    The test apparatus and instructions for testing large-diameter 
ceiling fans and HSBD ceiling fans must conform to the requirements 
specified in Sections 3 through 7 (including Test Figure 1) of AMCA 
230-15, with the following modifications:
    3.4.1. A ``ceiling fan'' is defined as in 10 CFR 430.2.
    3.4.2. Test ceiling fans rated for operation with only a single- 
or multi-phase power supply with single- or multi-phase electricity, 
respectively. Test ceiling fans capable of operating with single- 
and multi-phase electricity with multi-phase electricity. DOE will 
allow manufacturers of ceiling fans capable of operating with 
single- and multi-phase electricity to test such fans with single-
phase power and make representations of efficiency associated with 
both single and multi-phase electricity if a manufacturer desires to 
do so, but the test results in the single-phase configuration will 
not be valid to assess compliance with any amended energy 
conservation standard. All tested power supply should be at 60 Hz.
    3.4.3. Supply Voltage:
    (1) For ceiling fans tested with single-phase electricity, the 
supply voltage shall be:
    (a) 120 V if the ceiling fan's minimum rated voltage is 120 V or 
the lowest rated voltage range contains 120 V,
    (b) 240 V if the ceiling fan's minimum rated voltage is 240 V or 
the lowest rated voltage range contains 240 V, or
    (c) The ceiling fan's minimum rated voltage (if a voltage range 
is not given) or the mean of the lowest rated voltage range, in all 
other cases.
    (2) For ceiling fans tested with multi-phase electricity, the 
supply voltage shall be:
    (a) 240 V if the ceiling fan's minimum rated voltage is 240 V or 
the lowest rated voltage range contains 240 V, or
    (b) The ceiling fan's minimum rated voltage (if a voltage range 
is not given) or the mean of the lowest rated voltage range, in all 
other cases.

[[Page 50430]]

    3.5 Active mode test measurement for large-diameter ceiling fans 
and high-speed belt-driven ceiling fans:
    (1) Test large-diameter ceiling fans and high-speed belt-driven 
ceiling fans in accordance with AMCA 208-18, in all phases 
simultaneously at:
    (a) High speed, and
    (b) 40 percent or the nearest speed that is not less than 40 
percent speed.
    (2) When testing at 40 percent speed for large-diameter ceiling 
fans that can operate over an infinite number of speeds (e.g., 
ceiling fans with VFDs), ensure the average measured RPM is within 
the greater of 1 percent of the average RPM at high speed or 1 RPM. 
For example, if the average measured RPM at high speed is 50 RPM, 
for testing at 40 percent speed, the average measured RPM should be 
between 19 RPM and 21 RPM. If the average measured RPM falls outside 
of this tolerance, adjust the ceiling fan speed and repeat the test. 
Calculate the airflow and measure the active (real) power 
consumption in all phases simultaneously in accordance with the test 
requirements specified in Sections 8 and 9, AMCA 230-15, with the 
following modifications:
    3.5.1 Measure active (real) power consumption in all phases 
simultaneously at a point that includes all power-consuming 
components of the ceiling fan. If present, any additional 
accessories or features sold with the ceiling fan that do not relate 
to the ceiling fan's ability to create airflow by rotation of the 
fan blades (for example light kit, heater, air ionization, 
ultraviolet technology) are to be installed but turned off during 
testing. If the accessory/feature cannot be turned off, it shall be 
set to the lowest energy-consuming mode during testing. If the 
ceiling fan is offered with a default controller, test using the 
default controller. If multiple controllers are offered, test using 
the minimally functional controller.
* * * * *
    3.6 Test measurement for standby power consumption.
    (1) Measure standby power consumption if the ceiling fan offers 
one or more of the following user-oriented or protective functions:
    (a) The ability to facilitate the activation or deactivation of 
other functions (including active mode) by remote switch (including 
remote control), internal sensor, or timer.
    (b) Continuous functions, including information or status 
displays (including clocks), or sensor-based functions.
    (2) Measure standby power consumption after completion of active 
mode testing and after the active mode functionality has been 
switched off (i.e., the rotation of the ceiling fan blades is no 
longer energized). The ceiling fan must remain connected to the main 
power supply and be in the same configuration as in active mode 
(i.e., any ceiling fan light fixture should still be attached). 
Measure standby power consumption according to Sections 4.3.1, 
4.3.2, 4.4, and 5.3.1 through 5.3.2, of IEC 62301 with the following 
modifications:
* * * * *
    4. Calculation of Ceiling Fan Efficiency From the Test Results:
    4.1 Calculation of effective area for small-diameter ceiling 
fans other than high-speed belt-driven ceiling fans:
    Calculate the effective area corresponding to each sensor used 
in the test method for small-diameter ceiling fans other than high-
speed belt-driven ceiling fans (section 3.3 of this appendix) with 
the following equations:
    (1) For sensor 1, the sensor located directly underneath the 
center of the ceiling fan, the effective width of the circle is 2 
inches, and the effective area is:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.011

    (2) For the sensors between sensor 1 and the last sensor used in 
the measurement, the effective area has a width of 4 inches. If a 
sensor is a distance d, in inches, from sensor 1, then the effective 
area is:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.012

    (3) For the last sensor, the width of the effective area depends 
on the horizontal displacement between the last sensor and the point 
on the ceiling fan blades furthest radially from the center of the 
fan. The total area included in an airflow calculation is the area 
of a circle 8 inches larger in diameter than the ceiling fan blade 
span (as specified in section 3 of this appendix).
    Therefore, for example, for a 42-inch ceiling fan, the last 
sensor is 3 inches beyond the end of the ceiling fan blades. Because 
only the area within 4 inches of the end of the ceiling fan blades 
is included in the airflow calculation, the effective width of the 
circle corresponding to the last sensor would be 3 inches. The 
calculation for the effective area corresponding to the last sensor 
would then be:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.013

    For a 46-inch ceiling fan, the effective area of the last sensor 
would have a width of 5 inches, and the effective area would be:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.014

    4.2 Calculation of airflow and efficiency for small-diameter 
ceiling fans other than high-speed belt-driven ceiling fans:
    Calculate fan airflow using the overall average of both sets of 
air velocity measurements at each sensor position from the 
successive sets of measurements that meet the stability criteria 
from section 3.3 of this appendix. To calculate airflow for HSSD, 
LSSD, and VSD ceiling fans, multiply the overall average air 
velocity at each sensor position from section 3.3 (for high speed 
for HSSD, LSSD, and VSD ceiling fans that also meet the definition 
of an LSSD ceiling fan; and repeated for low speed only for LSSD and 
VSD ceiling fans that also meet the definition of an LSSD ceiling 
fan) by that sensor's effective area (see section 4.1 of this 
appendix), and then sum the products to obtain the overall 
calculated airflow at the tested speed.
    For each speed, using the overall calculated airflow and the 
overall average power consumption measurements from the successive 
sets of measurements as follows:

[[Page 50431]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.015

Where:

CFMi = airflow at speed i,
OHi = operating hours at speed i, as specified in Table 2 
of this appendix,
Wi = power consumption at speed i,
OHSb = operating hours in standby mode, as specified in 
Table 2 of this appendix, and
WSb = power consumption in standby mode.

    Calculate two ceiling fan efficiencies for multi-mount ceiling 
fans: One efficiency corresponds to the ceiling fan mounted in the 
configuration associated with the definition of a hugger ceiling 
fan, and the other efficiency corresponds to the ceiling fan mounted 
in the configuration associated with the definition of a standard 
ceiling fan.

  Table 2 to Appendix U to Subpart B of Part 430: Daily Operating Hours
                 for Calculating Ceiling Fan Efficiency
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                            No standby     With standby
------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Daily Operating Hours for LSSD and VSD * Ceiling Fans
------------------------------------------------------------------------
High Speed..............................             3.4             3.4
Low Speed...............................             3.0             3.0
Standby Mode............................             0.0            17.6
Off Mode................................            17.6             0.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Daily Operating Hours for HSSD Ceiling Fans
------------------------------------------------------------------------
High Speed..............................            12.0            12.0
Standby Mode............................             0.0            12.0
Off Mode................................            12.0             0.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* These values apply only to VSD fans that also meet the definition of
  an LSSD fan.

    4.3 Calculation of airflow and efficiency for multi-head ceiling 
fans:
    Calculate airflow for each fan head using the method described 
in section 4.2 of this appendix. To calculate overall airflow at a 
given speed for a multi-head ceiling fan, sum the airflow for each 
fan head included in the ceiling fan (a single airflow can be 
applied to each of the identical fan heads, but at least one of each 
unique fan head must be tested). The power consumption is the 
measured power consumption with all fan heads on. Using the airflow 
as described in this section, and power consumption measurements 
from section 3.3 of this appendix, calculate ceiling fan efficiency 
for a multi-head ceiling fan as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR16AU22.016

Where:

CFMi = sum of airflows for each head at speed i,
OHi = operating hours at speed i as specified in Table 2 
of this appendix,
Wi = power consumption at speed i,
OHSb = operating hours in standby mode as specified in 
Table 2 of this appendix, and
WSb = power consumption in standby mode.

    5. Calculation of Ceiling Fan Energy Index (CFEI) From the Test 
Results for Large Diameter Ceiling Fan and High-Speed Belt-Driven 
Ceiling Fans:
    Calculate CFEI, which is the FEI for large-diameter ceiling fans 
and high-speed belt-driven ceiling fans, at the speeds specified in 
section 3.5 of this appendix according to AMCA 208-18, with the 
following modifications:
    (1) Using an Airflow Constant (Q0) of 26,500 cubic 
feet per minute;
    (2) Using a Pressure Constant (P0) of 0.0027 inches 
water gauge; and
    (3) Using a Fan Efficiency Constant ([eta]0) of 42 
percent.

[FR Doc. 2022-16951 Filed 8-15-22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P