[Federal Register Volume 87, Number 141 (Monday, July 25, 2022)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 44194-44260]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2022-13897]



[[Page 44193]]

Vol. 87

Monday,

No. 141

July 25, 2022

Part II





Department of Energy





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10 CFR Parts 429 and 431





Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Fans and Blowers; 
Proposed Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 87, No. 141 / Monday, July 25, 2022 / 
Proposed Rules  

[[Page 44194]]


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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

10 CFR Parts 429 and 431

[EERE-2021-BT-TP-0021]
RIN 1904-AF17


Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedure for Fans and Blowers

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of 
Energy.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking, request for comment, and 
announcement of public meeting.

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (``DOE'') proposes to establish 
a test procedure for fans and blowers, including air-circulating fans, 
and to adopt through reference the relevant industry test standards as 
the DOE test procedure for measuring the fan electrical input power 
(``FEP'') and for determining the fan energy index (``FEI''). DOE also 
proposes to establish supporting definitions, requirements for 
alternative energy use determination methods, and sampling requirements 
to determine the represented values of FEP and FEI. DOE is seeking 
comment from interested parties on the proposal.

DATES: DOE will accept comments, data, and information regarding this 
proposal no later than September 23, 2022. See section V, ``Public 
Participation,'' for details.
    DOE will hold a webinar on Tuesday, August 2, 2022, from 1:00 p.m. 
to 4:00 p.m. See section V, ``Public Participation,'' for webinar 
registration information, participant instructions, and information 
about the capabilities available to webinar participants.

ADDRESSES: Interested persons are encouraged to submit comments using 
the Federal eRulemaking Portal at www.regulations.gov, under docket 
number EERE-2021-BT-TP-0021. Follow the instructions for submitting 
comments. Alternatively, interested persons may submit comments, 
identified by docket number EERE-2021-BT-TP-0021, by any of the 
following methods:
    (1) Email: [email protected]. Include the docket 
number EERE-2021-BT-TP-0021 in the subject line of the message.
    (2) Postal Mail: Appliance and Equipment Standards Program, U.S. 
Department of Energy, Building Technologies Office, Mailstop EE-5B, 
1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: 
(202) 287-1445. If possible, please submit all items on a compact disc 
(``CD''), in which case it is not necessary to include printed copies.
    (3) Hand Delivery/Courier: Appliance and Equipment Standards 
Program, U.S. Department of Energy, Building Technologies Office, 950 
L'Enfant Plaza SW, 6th Floor, Washington, DC 20024. Telephone: (202) 
287-1445. If possible, please submit all items on a CD, in which case 
it is not necessary to include printed copies.
    No telefacsimiles (``faxes'') will be accepted. For detailed 
instructions on submitting comments and additional information on this 
process, see section V of this document.
    Docket: The docket for this activity, which includes Federal 
Register notices, public meeting attendee lists and transcripts (if a 
public meeting is held), comments, and other supporting documents/
materials, is available for review at www.regulations.gov. All 
documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov index. 
However, not all documents listed in the index may be publicly 
available, such as information that is exempt from public disclosure.
    The docket web page can be found at www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/product.aspx/productid/65. The docket web page 
contains instructions on how to access all documents, including public 
comments, in the docket. See section V for information on how to submit 
comments through www.regulations.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 
    Mr. Jeremy Dommu, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office, EE-2J, 
1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: 
(202) 586-9879 Email: [email protected].
    Ms. Amelia Whiting, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the 
General Counsel, GC-33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 
20585-0121. Telephone: (202) 586-2588. Email: 
[email protected].
    For further information on how to submit a comment, review other 
public comments and the docket, or participate in a public meeting (if 
one is held), contact the Appliance and Equipment Standards Program 
staff at (202) 287-1445 or by email: 
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:  DOE proposes to incorporate by reference 
the following industry standard into 10 CFR parts 429 and 431:

ANSI/AMCA Standard 214-21, ``Test Procedure for Calculating Fan Energy 
Index for Commercial and Industrial Fans and Blowers.''

    Copies of AMCA 214-21 can be obtained from AMCA International at 30 
West University Drive, Arlington Heights, IL 60004-1893, (847) 394-
0150, or by going to www.amca.org.
    DOE proposes to incorporate by reference the following industry 
standards into 10 CFR part 431:

American National Standard Institute (ANSI)/Air Movement and Control 
Association (AMCA) Standard 99-16 ``Standards Handbook.''
ANSI/AMCA Standard 210/American Society of Heating, Refrigerating 
and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 51-16, ``Laboratory Methods 
of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic Performance Rating.''
ANSI/AMCA 230-15 with errata, ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Air 
Circulating Fans for Rating and Certification'', with technical 
errata sheet for ANSI/AMCA standard 230-15 density corrections.
ANSI/AMCA Standard 240-15 ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Positive 
Pressure Ventilators for Aerodynamic Performance Rating.''

    Copies of AMCA 99-16, AMCA 210-16, AMCA 214-21, AMCA 230-15, with 
errata and AMCA 240-15, can be obtained from AMCA International at 30 
West University Drive, Arlington Heights, IL 60004-1893, or by going to 
www.amca.org.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 5801:2017, 
``Fans--Performance testing using standardized airways,'' approved 
2017. ISO 80079-36:2016, ``Explosive atmospheres--Part 36: Non-
electrical equipment for explosive atmospheres--Basic method and 
requirements,'' approved 2016.

    Copies of ISO 5801:2017-2017 and ISO 80079-36:2016 can be obtained 
from the International Organization for Standardization, Chemin de 
Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, or by going to 
www.iso.org.
    See section IV.M of this document for a further discussion of these 
standards.

Table of Contents

I. Authority and Background
    A. Authority
    B. Background
    C. Deviation From the Process Rule
II. Synopsis of the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
III. Discussion
    A. Scope of Applicability
    1. Proposed Test Procedure Scope
    2. Proposed Fan and Blower Exclusions
    3. Proposed Exclusion of Embedded Fans and Blowers
    4. Air Circulating Fans

[[Page 44195]]

    5. Non-Electric Drivers
    6. Replacement Parts
    B. Definitions
    1. Fan and Blower Categories
    2. Basic Model
    3. Safety Fans
    4. Air Circulating Fans
    5. Definitions Related to Heat Rejection Equipment
    6. Outlet Area
    C. Industry Standards
    D. Proposed Adoption of the Test Procedure in AMCA 214-21 and 
Modifications to the Test Procedure
    1. Motor Efficiency Calculation
    2. Combined Motor and Controller Efficiency Calculation
    3. Annex A of AMCA 214-21
    4. Annex E of AMCA 214-21
    5. Section 6.5 of AMCA 214-21 and Annex F
    6. Annex H and Annex I of AMCA 214-21
    7. Section 8.3 of AMCA 214-21
    8. Measurement of PRV Performance
    9. Exclusively Embedded Fans
    10. Wire-to-Air Testing for Air Circulating Fans
    11. Total Pressure Calculation for Air Circulating Fans
    12. Appurtenances
    13. Voltage, Phase and Frequency
    14. Test Speeds for Air Circulating Fans
    15. Determination of Equilibrium
    16. Test Figures
    17. Reference Fan Electrical Input Power Calculation
    18. Rounding
    19. Location of Extraneous Airflow Measurement
    20. Run-In Requirements
    21. Transducer Type Barometers
    E. Distinguishing Between Fans and Blower and Air Circulating 
Fans
    F. Metric
    G. Efficiency Considerations for Certain Unducted Fans
    H. Control Credit Approach
    I. Use of a Single Test Procedure Nationally
    J. Alternative Energy Determination Methods (AEDM)
    1. Validation
    2. Additional AEDM Requirements
    3. AEDM Verification Testing
    K. Sampling Plan
    L. Enforcement Provisions
    M. Test Procedure Costs and Impact
    1. Estimated Costs for Testing Fans and Blowers at a Third-Party 
Facility
    2. Estimated Cost To Develop, Validate, and Implement an AEDM
    3. Voluntary Representations
    N. Compliance Date
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
    A. Review Under Executive Orders 12866 and 13563
    B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
    1. Descriptions of Reasons Why Action Is Being Considered
    2. Objectives of, and Legal Basis for, Rule
    3. Duplication, Overlap, and Conflict With Other Rules and 
Regulations
    4. Significant Alternatives to the Rule
    C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
    D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
    E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
    F. Review Under Executive Order 12988
    G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
    H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government 
Appropriations Act, 1999
    I. Review Under Executive Order 12630
    J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations 
Act, 2001
    K. Review Under Executive Order 13211
    L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration 
Act of 1974
    M. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference
V. Public Participation
    A. Participation in the Webinar
    B. Procedure for Submitting Prepared General Statements for 
Distribution
    C. Conduct of the Webinar
    D. Submission of Comments
    E. Issues on Which DOE Seeks Comment
VI. Approval of the Office of the Secretary

I. Authority and Background

    On August 19, 2021, DOE published a coverage determination 
classifying fans and blowers as a covered equipment under 42 U.S.C. 
6311(2)(A) and 42 U.S.C. 6312(b). 86 FR 46579 (``August 2021 Final 
Coverage Determination''). DOE does not currently have a test procedure 
or energy conservation standards for fans and blowers. The following 
sections discuss DOE's authority to establish a test procedure for fans 
and blowers and relevant background information regarding DOE's 
consideration of test procedures for this equipment.

A. Authority

    The Energy Policy and Conservation Act, as amended (``EPCA''),\1\ 
authorizes DOE to regulate the energy efficiency of a number of 
consumer products and certain industrial equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6291-
6317) Title III, Part C \2\ of EPCA, added by Public Law 95-619, Title 
IV, section 441(a), established the Energy Conservation Program for 
Certain Industrial Equipment, which sets forth a variety of provisions 
designed to improve energy efficiency. EPCA provides that DOE may 
include a type of industrial equipment, including fans and blowers, as 
covered equipment if it determines that to do so is necessary to carry 
out the purposes of Part A-1. (42 U.S.C. 6311(2)(B)(ii) and (iii); 42 
U.S.C. 6312(b)). EPCA specifies the types of equipment that can be 
classified as industrial equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6311(2)(B)) The purpose 
of Part A-1 is to improve the efficiency of electric motors and pumps 
and certain other industrial equipment in order to conserve the energy 
resources of the Nation. (42 U.S.C. 6312(a)) As stated, on August 19, 
2021, DOE published a final determination determining that fans and 
blowers meet the three statutory criteria for classifying industrial 
equipment as covered (42 U.S.C. 6311(2)(A)), because fans and blowers 
are a type of industrial equipment (1) which in operation consume, or 
are designed to consume, energy; (2) are to a significant extent 
distributed in commerce for industrial or commercial use; and (3) are 
not covered under 42 U.S.C. 6291(a)(2). 86 FR 46579, 46586. DOE also 
determined that coverage of fans and blowers is necessary to carry out 
the purposes of Part A-1. 86 FR 46579, 46588.
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    \1\ All references to EPCA in this document refer to the statute 
as amended through the Energy Act of 2020, Public Law 116-260 (Dec. 
27, 2020), which reflect the last statutory amendments that impact 
Parts A and A-1 of EPCA.
    \2\ For editorial reasons, upon codification in the U.S. Code, 
Part C was redesignated Part A-1 and hereafter referred to as ``Part 
A-1''.
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    The energy conservation program under EPCA consists essentially of 
four parts: (1) testing, (2) labeling, (3) Federal energy conservation 
standards, and (4) certification and enforcement procedures. Relevant 
provisions of EPCA include definitions (42 U.S.C. 6311), test 
procedures (42 U.S.C. 6314), labeling provisions (42 U.S.C. 6315), 
energy conservation standards (42 U.S.C. 6313), and the authority to 
require information and reports from manufacturers. (42 U.S.C. 6316; 42 
U.S.C. 6296)
    The Federal testing requirements consist of test procedures that 
manufacturers of covered equipment must use as the basis for: (1) 
certifying to DOE that their equipment complies with the applicable 
energy conservation standards adopted pursuant to EPCA (42 U.S.C. 
6316(a); 42 U.S.C. 6295(s)), and (2) making other representations about 
the efficiency of that equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6314(d)) Similarly, DOE 
must use these test procedures to determine whether the equipment 
complies with relevant standards promulgated under EPCA.\3\ (42 U.S.C. 
6316(a); 42 U.S.C. 6295(s))
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    \3\ There are currently no energy conservation standards for 
fans and blowers.
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    Federal energy efficiency requirements for covered equipment 
established under EPCA supersede State laws and regulations concerning 
energy conservation testing, labeling, and standards. (42 U.S.C. 
6316(a); 42 U.S.C. 6316(b); 42 U.S.C. 6297) With respect to industrial 
equipment for which coverage is established under 42 U.S.C. 6312(b), 
e.g., fans and blowers, the preemption provisions in EPCA apply 
beginning on the date on which a final rule establishing an energy 
conservation standard is issued by the Secretary,

[[Page 44196]]

except that any State or local standard prescribed or enacted or the 
equipment before the date on which the final rule is issued shall not 
be preempted until the energy conservation standard established by the 
Secretary for the equipment takes effect. (42 U.S.C. 6316(a)(10)) DOE 
may, however, grant waivers of Federal preemption for particular State 
laws or regulations, in accordance with the procedures and other 
provisions of EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6316(b)(2)(D))
    Under 42 U.S.C. 6314, EPCA sets forth the criteria and procedures 
DOE must follow when prescribing or amending test procedures for 
covered equipment. EPCA requires that any test procedures prescribed or 
amended under this section must be reasonably designed to produce test 
results which reflect energy efficiency, energy use or estimated annual 
operating cost of a given type of covered equipment during a 
representative average use cycle and requires that test procedures not 
be unduly burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(2))
    If the Secretary determines that a test procedure amendment is 
warranted, the Secretary must publish proposed test procedures in the 
Federal Register and afford interested persons an opportunity (of not 
less than 45 days' duration) to present oral and written data, views, 
and arguments on the proposed test procedures. (42 U.S.C. 6314(b))

B. Background

    As discussed, on August 19, 2021, DOE published in the Federal 
Register a final coverage determination classifying fans and blowers as 
covered equipment. 86 FR 46579. DOE determined that the term ``blower'' 
is interchangeable with the term ``fan''. 86 FR 46579, 46583. DOE 
defines a fan (or blower) as a rotary bladed machine used to convert 
electrical or mechanical power to air power, with an energy output 
limited to 25 kilojoule (``kJ'') per kilogram (``kg'') of air. A fan 
(or blower) consists of an impeller, a shaft and bearings and/or driver 
to support the impeller, as well as a structure or housing. A fan (or 
blower) may include a transmission, driver, and/or motor controller. 10 
CFR 431.172.
    Prior to the August 2021 Final Coverage Determination, DOE 
published a notice of intent to establish an Appliance Standards and 
Rulemaking Federal Advisory Committee (``ASRAC'') Working Group 
(``Working Group'') for fans and blowers. 80 FR 17359 (April 1, 2015). 
The Working Group \4\ commenced negotiations at an open meeting on May 
18, 2015 and held 16 meetings and three webinars to discuss scope, 
metrics, test procedures, and standard levels for fans.\5\ The Working 
Group concluded its negotiations on September 3, 2015, and, by 
consensus vote,\6\ approved a term sheet containing recommendations for 
DOE on the scope of a test procedure, and energy conservation standards 
for fans. The term sheet containing the Working Group recommendations 
(``term sheet'') is available in the fans energy conservation standard 
rulemaking docket. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179) \7\ 
ASRAC approved the term sheet on September 24, 2015. (Docket No. EERE-
2013-BT-NOC-0005; Public Meeting Transcript, No. 58, at p. 29) Comments 
received on issues related to the test procedure during the Working 
Group negotiations and not resolved in the term sheet are discussed in 
this proposed rulemaking. Discussion of these comments will include a 
reference to Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-NOC-0005.
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    \4\ The Working Group was comprised of representatives from 
AAON, Inc.; AcoustiFLO LLC; AGS Consulting LLC; AMCA; AHRI, 
Appliance Standards Awareness Project; Berner International Corp; 
Buffalo Air Handling Company; Carnes Company; Daikin/Goodman; ebm-
papst; Greenheck; Morrison Products; Natural Resources Defense 
Council; Newcomb & Boyd; Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance; CA 
IOUs; Regal Beloit Corporation; Rheem Manufacturing Company; Smiley 
Engineering LLC representing Ingersoll Rand/Trane; SPX Cooling 
Technologies/CTI; The New York Blower Company; Twin City Companies, 
Ltd; U.S. Department of Energy; and United Technologies/Carrier.
    \5\ Details of the negotiation sessions can be found in the 
public meeting transcripts that are posted to the docket for the 
energy conservation standard rulemaking at: www.regulations.gov/docket?D=EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006.
    \6\ At the beginning of the negotiated rulemaking process, the 
Working Group defined that before any vote could occur, the Working 
Group must establish a quorum of at least 20 of the 25 members and 
defined consensus as an agreement with less than 4 negative votes. 
Twenty voting members of the Working Group were present for this 
vote. Two members (Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration 
Institute and Ingersoll Rand/Trane) voted no on the term sheet.
    \7\ The references are arranged as follows: (commenter name, 
comment docket ID number, page of that document). If one comment was 
submitted with multiple attachments, the references are arranged as 
follows: (commenter name, comment docket ID number. Attachment 
number, page of that document). The attachment number corresponds to 
the order in which the attachment appears in the docket. The 
parenthetical reference provides a reference for information located 
in DOE Docket No. EERE-2021-BT-TP-0021. If the information was 
submitted to a different DOE docket, the DOE Docket number is 
additionally specified in the reference.
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    On January 10, 2020, DOE received a notice of petition received 
from the Air Movement and Control Association (``AMCA''), Air 
Conditioning Contractors of America, and Sheet Metal & Air Conditioning 
Contractors of America (``the Petitioners'') requesting that DOE 
establish test procedures for certain categories of commercial and 
industrial fans based on an industry test method in development, AMCA 
214, which was published with a request for public comment on April 23, 
2020; \8\ 85 FR 22677 (``April 2020 Notice of Petition''). As part of 
the April 2020 Notice of Petition, DOE sought data and information 
pertinent to whether an amended test procedures would (1) accurately 
measure energy efficiency, energy use, or estimated annual operating 
cost of fans during a representative average use cycle; and (2) not be 
unduly burdensome to conduct. 85 FR 22677, 22679.
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    \8\ At the time of the petition, AMCA 214-21 was available as a 
draft version (AMCA 214).
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    On October 1, 2021, DOE published a request for information 
(``RFI'') pertaining to potential test procedures for fans and blowers. 
86 FR 54412 (``October 2021 RFI''). In the October 2021 RFI, DOE 
identified a variety of issues on which it sought input to determine 
whether, and if so how, potential test procedures for fans and blowers, 
including air circulating fans, would (1) comply with the requirements 
in EPCA that test procedures be reasonably designed to produce test 
results which reflect energy use during a representative average use 
cycle, and (2) not be unduly burdensome to conduct. Id. In response to 
requests from stakeholders,\9\ DOE extended the comment period 14 days 
to November 15, 2021. 86 FR 59308 (Oct. 27, 2021).
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    \9\ AMCA requested at 21-day extension (AMCA, No. 2 at p. 1).
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    DOE also received comments related to the test procedure from its 
February 8, 2022, Energy Conservation Standards for Fans and Blower RFI 
(``February 2022 ECS RFI''). 87 FR 7048. Discussion of these comments 
will include a

[[Page 44197]]

reference to the docket (EERE-2022-BT-STD-0002).
    Stakeholders that submitted written comment in response to the 
April 2020 Notice of Petition, the October 2021 RFI, and the February 
2022 ECS RFI are listed in Table I-1 of this document.
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    \10\ See Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003.
    \11\ The parenthetical reference provides a reference for 
information located in the docket of DOE's rulemaking to develop 
test procedures for fans and blowers. Unless otherwise noted, all 
comments referenced in this notice are available in DOE's docket for 
this test procedure rulemaking. (Docket No., EERE-2021-BT-TP-0021 
which is maintained at www.regulations.gov/docket EERE-2021-BT-TP-
0021/). The references are arranged as follows: (commenter name, 
comment docket ID number, page of that document).
    \12\ See Docket No. EERE-2022-BT-STD-0002.

              Table I-1--List of Commenters With Written Submissions in Response to the April 2020 Notice of Petition and October 2021 RFI
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                                                                                                          April 2020
             Organization(s)                  Reference in this NOPR           Organization type          notice of     October 2021 TP   February 2022
                                                                                                        petition \10\       RFI \11\       ECS RFI \12\
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Air-Conditioning, Heating, and             AHRI........................  Trade Association...........               X                X   ...............
 Refrigeration Institute.
Air Movement and Control Association       AMCA........................  Trade Association...........               X                X   ...............
 International.
Appliance Standards Awareness Project,     ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC...........  Efficiency Organizations....               X                X   ...............
 American Council for an Energy-Efficient
 Economy, Natural Resources Defense
 Council.
Appliance Standards Awareness Project,     ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC, NEEA.....  Efficiency Organizations....  ...............  ...............               X
 American Council for an Energy-Efficient
 Economy, Natural Resources Defense
 Council, Northwest Energy Efficiency
 Alliance.
China World Trade Organization/Technical   China WTO/TBT...............  Government Agency...........               X   ...............  ...............
 Barriers to Trade.
Cooling Technology Institute.............  CTI.........................  Trade Association...........               X   ...............  ...............
N/A......................................  Corvino.....................  Individual..................  ...............               X   ...............
Daikin Applied...........................  Daikin......................  Manufacturer................               X   ...............  ...............
ebm-papst Inc............................  ebm-papst...................  Manufacturer................               X   ...............               X
Greenheck Group..........................  Greenheck...................  Manufacturer................               X   ...............  ...............
Harry Graves.............................  Graves......................  Individual..................               X   ...............  ...............
Johnson Controls.........................  Johnson Controls............  Manufacturer................               X   ...............  ...............
Lennox International Inc.................  Lennox......................  Manufacturer................               X   ...............  ...............
Marley Engineering Products LLC..........  MEP.........................  Manufacturer................  ...............               X   ...............
Morrison Products Inc....................  Morrison....................  Manufacturer................  ...............               X   ...............
Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance.....  NEEA........................  Efficiency Organization.....  ...............               X   ...............
Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance and   NEEA and NWPCC..............  Efficiency Organizations....               X   ...............  ...............
 Northwest Power and Conservation Council.
Pacific Gas and Electric Company, San      CA IOUs.....................  Utilities...................  ...............               X                X
 Diego Gas and Electric, and Southern
 California Edison; collectively, the
 California Investor-Owned Utilities.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: ``X'' indicates the notice(s) that each stakeholder commented on.

    In response to the April 2020 Notice of Petition, Lennox commented 
that DOE should reject the fan test procedure petition because no 
coverage determination had been finalized. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-
PET-0003, Lennox, No. 5 at p. 1) AHRI and Johnson Controls commented 
that DOE would first need to establish fans as covered equipment before 
initiating a test procedure rulemaking. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-
0003, AHRI, No. 14 at p. 3; Johnson Controls, No. 10 at p. 1) In 
response to the October 2021 TP RFI, AHRI and Morrison commented that 
they appreciate DOE's efforts to define fans and blowers and commented 
that DOE should finalize the coverage determination process to 
determine if a stand-alone commercial and industrial fans regulation is 
``necessary or appropriate'' to the achievement of EPCA's purposes. 
(AHRI, No. 10 at p. 3; Morrison, No. 8 at p. 2)
    DOE is publishing this NOPR following the publication of the August 
2021 Final Coverage Determination.
    Corvino commented that there is a need for fan test procedures and 
suggested that DOE investigate costs related to testing. (Corvino, No. 
3 at p. 1) MEP commented generally that the steps required to create 
new regulations place a tremendous burden upon the industry, especially 
for newly covered products. MEP asserted that the first efficiency 
rulemaking places a burden on the industry in preparation for the 
rulemaking that is larger than the average burden attributed to 
subsequent rulemakings during the life cycle cost analysis used in 
determining the minimum allowable efficiencies. (MEP, No. 5 at p. 2)
    DOE analyzes the costs of any potential test procedure, as 
discussed in section III.M. DOE is proposing test procedures for fans 
and blowers. DOE is not proposing to establish energy conservation 
standards for such covered equipment in this proposed rule. To the 
extent that DOE were to propose energy conservation standards for fans 
and blowers, DOE would conduct a manufacturer impact analysis in that 
rulemaking.

[[Page 44198]]

II. Synopsis of the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking

    In this NOPR, DOE proposes to establish a test procedure for fans 
and blowers in subpart J of part 431 and to modify part 429, as 
follows:

    (1) Establish the scope of the test procedure for fans and 
blowers as to include standalone and embedded fans and blowers 
(i.e., fans and blowers incorporated into other equipment), with fan 
shaft input power equal to or greater than 1 horsepower and fan 
airpower equal to or less than 150 horsepower that are either: (1) 
axial inline fans; (2) axial panel fans; (3) centrifugal housed 
fans; (4) centrifugal unhoused fans; (5) centrifugal inline fans; 
(6) radial-housed fans; or (7) power roof/wall ventilators 
(``PRVs''); air-circulating fans; and excluding some fans that are 
exclusively embedded in other products of equipment; and excluding 
radial housed unshrouded fans with diameter less than 30 inches or a 
blade width of less than 3 inches, safety fans, induced flow fans, 
jet fans, and cross-flow fans.
    (2) Define ``axial inline fan'', ``axial panel fan'', 
``centrifugal housed fan'', ``centrifugal unhoused fan'', 
``centrifugal inline fan'', ``radial-housed fan'', ``power roof 
ventilator'', ``cross-flow fan'', ``induced flow fan'', ``jet fan'', 
``basic model,'' ``safety fan,'' ``air circulating fan,'' and 
related terms. Define terms related to heat rejection equipment;
    (3) Adopt through reference in newly proposed appendix A to 
subpart J of 10 CFR part 431 (``appendix A'') certain provions of 
ANSI/AMCA 214-21, ``Test Procedure for Calculating Fan Energy Index 
for Commercial and Industrial Fans and Blowers'' (``AMCA 214-21''), 
with modifications, as the test procedure for determining FEP and 
FEI of fans and blowers other than circulating fans;
    (4) Adopt through reference in newly propsoed appendix B to 
subpart J of 10 CFR part 431 (``appendix B'') certain provisions of 
AMCA 214-21, with modifications, as the test procedure for 
determining FEP and FEI of air circulating fans;
    (5) Adopt through reference certain provisions of the following 
industry standards referenced by AMCA 214-21: ANSI/AMCA 210-16, 
(``AMCA 210-16'') ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Certified 
Aerodynamic Performance Rating''; ANSI/AMCA 230-15, (``AMCA 230-15 
with errata'') ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Air Circulating Fans 
for Rating and Certification'' with errata; and ISO 5801:2017, 
``Fans--Performance testing using standardized airways'';
    (6) Establish fan and blower sampling requirements and 
provisions related to determining represented values in 10 CFR 
429.64;
    (7) Establish an alternative effiency determination method 
(``AEDM'') for fans and blowers in 10 CFR 429.70; and
    (8) Establish enforcements provisions for fan and blower basic 
models.

    The proposal is summarized in Table II.2.

      Table II.2--Summary of Proposals in This TP NOPR, Their Proposed Location Within the Code of Federal
                               Regulations, and the Applicable Preamble Discussion
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Topic             Location in CFR       Summary of proposals        Applicable preamble  discussion
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scope.......................  10 CFR 431.174.  Establish the scope of the      Section III.A.
                                                test procedure for fans and
                                                blowers as to include
                                                standalone and embedded fans
                                                and blowers (i.e., fans and
                                                blowers incorporated into
                                                other equipment), with fan
                                                shaft input power equal to or
                                                greater than 1 horsepower and
                                                fan airpower equal to or less
                                                than 150 horsepower that are
                                                either: (1) axial inline
                                                fans; (2) axial panel fans;
                                                (3) centrifugal housed fans;
                                                (4) centrifugal unhoused
                                                fans; (5) centrifugal inline
                                                fans; (6) radial-housed fans;
                                                or (7) power roof/wall
                                                ventilators (``PRVs''); air-
                                                circulating fans; and
                                                excluding some fans that are
                                                exclusively embedded in other
                                                products of equipment; and
                                                excluding radial housed
                                                unshrouded fans with diameter
                                                less than 30 inches or a
                                                blade width of less than 3
                                                inches, safety fans, induced
                                                flow fans, jet fans, and
                                                cross-flow fans.
Definitions.................  10 CFR 431.172.  Define ``axial inline fan'',    Section III.B.
                                                ``axial panel fan'',
                                                ``centrifugal housed fan'',
                                                ``centrifugal unhoused fan'',
                                                ``centrifugal inline fan'',
                                                ``radial-housed fan'',
                                                ``power roof ventilator'',
                                                ``cross-flow fan'', ``induced
                                                flow fan'', ``jet fan'',
                                                ``basic model,'' ``safety
                                                fan,'' ``air circulating
                                                fan,'' and related terms.
                                                Define terms related to heat
                                                rejection equipment;
Test Procedure..............  10 CFR 431.174.  Establish FEI as the metric     Sections III.C, III.D, and III.F.
                                                for fans and blowers,
                                                incorporate by reference AMCA
                                                214-21, AMCA 210-16, AMCA 230-
                                                15 (with errata) and provide
                                                additional instructions for
                                                determining the FEI (and
                                                other applicable performance
                                                characteristics) for fans and
                                                blowers.
Sampling Plan...............  10 CFR 429.66..  Specify the minimum number of   Section III.K.
                                                fans or blowers to be tested
                                                to rate a basic model and
                                                determine representative
                                                values.
AEDM........................  10 CFR 429.70..  Establish requirements for      Section III.J.
                                                applying an alternative
                                                energy use determination
                                                method.
Enforcement Provisions......  10 CFR 429.110   Establish a method for          Section III.L.
                               & 10 CFR         determining compliance of fan
                               429.134.         and blower basic models.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE's proposed test method for fans and blowers includes 
measurements of pressure, flow rate, and fan shaft or electrical input 
power, all of which are required to calculate FEP and FEI, as well as 
other quantities to characterize rated fans and blowers performance 
(e.g., speed). DOE has tentatively determined that the relevant 
sections of AMCA 214-21, AMCA 210-16 and AMCA 230-15 with errata, in 
conjunction with the additional provisions proposed in this test 
procedure, would produce test results that reflect the energy 
efficiency and energy use of a fan or blower during a representative 
average use cycle. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(2)) Additionally, DOE has 
tentatively determined that the proposed test procedure, which is based 
on the relevant industry testing standard, would not be unduly 
burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(2)) DOE's analysis of the 
burdens associated with the proposed test procedure is presented in 
section III.M of this document.

[[Page 44199]]

III. Discussion

    In the following sections, DOE proposes to establish test 
procedures and related definitions for fans and blowers in subpart J of 
part 431, to establish sampling plans for this equipment, to establish 
an alternative energy determination method for this equipment, and to 
establish enforcement provisions for this equipment. In the following 
section, DOE provides relevant background information, explains why the 
proposal merits consideration, discusses relevant public comments, and 
proposes a potential approach.

A. Scope of Applicability

    This rulemaking applies to fans and blowers. A fan or blower is 
defined as a rotary bladed machine that is used to convert electrical 
or mechanical power to air power with an energy output limited to 25 
kilojoule (``kJ'')/kilogram (``kg'') of air. 10 CFR 431.172. It 
consists of an impeller, a shaft and bearings and/or driver to support 
the impeller, as well as a structure or housing. Id. A fan or blower 
may include a transmission, driver, and/or motor controller. Id. As 
discussed, DOE has classified fans and blowers as covered equipment. 86 
FR 46579. ``Covered equipment'' consists of certain industrial 
equipment, which in turn excludes covered products, other than 
industrial equipment that is a component of a covered product. (42 
U.S.C. 6311(1) and (2)(A)(iii)). DOE explained in the coverage 
determination that the fans and blowers, the subject to this 
rulemaking, do not include ceiling fans and furnace fans, as defined at 
10 CFR 430.2. See 86 FR 46579, 46586.
    In the August 2021 Final Coverage Determination, DOE did not 
establish definitions for specific categories of fans and blowers. DOE 
stated that it would consider specific categories of fans and blowers 
and the scope of applicability of test procedures and energy 
conservation standards in their respective rulemakings. 86 46579, 
46585.
    This section discusses the fans and blowers that DOE is proposing 
to include in the scope of applicability of the test procedure as well 
as proposed exemptions.
1. Proposed Test Procedure Scope
    This section discusses fans and blowers, other than air circulating 
fans, proposed for inclusion in the scope of applicability of the test 
procedure. Air circulating fans are discussed in section III.A.4 of 
this document.
    The Working Group recommended that the test procedure be applicable 
to certain classifications of fans and blowers, listed in Table III-1 
of this document. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, 
Recommendation #1 at p. 1) The Working Group did not provide 
definitions for the specified classifications of the fans and blowers 
identified for inclusion in the scope of a test procedure. AMCA 214-21 
provides terms and associated definitions for certain classifications 
of fans and blowers that DOE has tentatively determined correspond to 
the Working Group recommendation. The Working Group further recommended 
that the test procedure apply only to fans with a fan shaft power equal 
to or greater than 1 horsepower (``hp'') and fan air power \13\ equal 
to or less than 150 hp. The Working Group recommended that airpower be 
calculated using static pressure for unducted fans (``static 
airpower'') and total pressure for ducted fans (``total 
airpower'').\14\ (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, 
Recommendation #5, at p. 4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \13\ The air power of a fan is the fan's output power. It is 
proportional to the product of the fan airflow rate and the fan 
pressure.
    \14\ The terms ``ducted'' and ``unducted'' refer to the 
recommended test configuration used when conducting a fan test. 
Appendix C of the term sheet specifies which fan categories are 
typically ducted (i.e., tested using a ducted outlet and for which 
the FEI is calculated on a total pressure basis): axial cylindrical 
housed, centrifugal housed, excluding inline and radial, inline and 
mixed flow, radial housed; and which fan types are considered 
unducted (i.e., tested with a free outlet and for which the FEI is 
calculated on a static pressure basis): panel, centrifugal unhoused, 
excluding inline and radial, and power roof ventilators.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On February 24, 2022, the California Energy Commission (``CEC'') 
published a proposed rulemaking for fans and blowers that includes 
terms and definitions that DOE has tentatively determined correspond to 
the Working Group recommendations.\15\ CEC proposes to cover the 
following fan categories: axial inline, axial panel, centrifugal 
housed, centrifugal unhoused, centrifugal inline, radial housed, and 
power roof/wall ventilators, and to define these terms largely based on 
the definitions in AMCA 214-21, with revisions to indicate a fan's 
intended application and if a fan's inlet or outlet can be (optionally, 
as applicable) ducted. In addition, the CEC proposal considers fans and 
blowers that have a rated fan shaft power greater than or equal to 1 
horsepower, or, for fans without a rated shaft input power, an 
electrical input power greater than or equal to 1 kW, and a fan output 
power less than or equal to 150 horsepower.\16\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \15\ All documents related to this rulemaking can be found in 
the rulemaking Docket 22-AAER-01 accessible at: www.energy.ca.gov/rules-and-regulations/appliance-efficiency-regulations-title-20/appliance-efficiency-proceedings-11.
    \16\ See Proposed regulatory language for Commercial and 
Industrial Fans and Blowers available in the following Docket: 22-
AAER-01 at: efiling.energy.ca.gov/Lists/DocketLog.aspx?docketnumber=22-AAER-01.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The classification of fans and blowers recommended by the Working 
Group for coverage under a test procedure and the corresponding terms 
and definitions in AMCA 214-21 and the proposed CEC regulations are 
presented in Table III-1 of this document.

            Table III-1--Scope Recommended by the Working Group, Corresponding Terms and Definitions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         Corresponding term and definition
  Working group scope recommendations              in AMCA 214-21               Corresponding CEC definitions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Axial cylindrical housed fan..........  ``Axial inline fan'' means a fan     ``Axial-inline fan'' means a fan
                                         with an axial impeller and a         with an axial impeller and a
                                         cylindrical housing with or          cylindrical housing with or
                                         without turning vanes.               without turning vanes. Inlets and
                                                                              outlets can optionally be ducted.
Panel fan.............................  ``Axial panel fan'' means an axial   ``Axial-panel fan'' means a fan
                                         fan, without cylindrical housing,    with an axial impeller mounted in
                                         that is mounted in a panel, an       a short housing, non-cylindrical,
                                         orifice plate or ring.               that can be a panel, ring, or
                                                                              orifice plate. The housing is
                                                                              typically mounted to a wall
                                                                              separating two spaces, and the
                                                                              fans are used to increase the
                                                                              pressure across this wall. Inlets
                                                                              and outlets are not ducted.

[[Page 44200]]

 
Centrifugal housed fan, excluding       ``Centrifugal housed fan'' means a   ``Centrifugal housed fan'' means a
 inline fan and radial fan.              fan with a centrifugal or mixed      fan with a centrifugal or mixed
                                         flow impeller in which airflow       flow impeller in which airflow
                                         exits into a housing that is         exits into a housing that is
                                         generally scroll-shaped to direct    generally scroll-shaped to direct
                                         the air through a single fan         the air through a single fan
                                         outlet. A centrifugal housed fan     outlet. Inlets and outlets can
                                         does not include a radial impeller   optionally be ducted. It does not
                                         *.                                   include a radial impeller.
Centrifugal unhoused fan, excluding     ``Centrifugal unhoused fan'' means   ``Centrifugal unhoused fan'' means
 radial fan.                             a fan with a centrifugal or mixed    a fan with a centrifugal or mix-
                                         flow impeller in which airflow       flow impeller in which airflow
                                         enters through a panel and           enters through a panel and
                                         discharges into free space. Inlets   discharges into free space. Inlets
                                         and outlets are not ducted. This     and outlets are not ducted. This
                                         fan type also includes fans          fan type also includes fans
                                         designed for use in fan arrays       designed for use in fan arrays
                                         that have partition walls            that have partition walls
                                         separating the fan from other fans   separating the fan from other fans
                                         in the array **.                     in the array.
Inline and mixed-flow fan.............  ``Centrifugal inline fan'' means a   ``Centrifugal inline fan'' means a
                                         fan with a centrifugal or mixed      fan with a centrifugal or mixed-
                                         flow impeller in which airflow       flow impeller in which airflow
                                         enters axially at the fan inlet      enters axially at the fan inlet
                                         and the housing redirects radial     and the housing redirects radial
                                         airflow from the impeller to exit    airflow from the impeller to exit
                                         the fan in an axial direction.       the fan in an axial direction.
                                                                              Inlets and outlets can optionally
                                                                              be ducted.
Radial housed fan.....................  ``Radial-housed fan'' means a fan    ``Radial-housed fan'' means a fan
                                         with a radial impeller in which      with a radial impeller in which
                                         airflow exits into a housing that    airflow exits into a housing that
                                         is generally scroll-shaped to        is generally scroll-shaped to
                                         direct the air through a single      direct the air through a single
                                         fan outlet. Inlets and outlets can   fan outlet. Inlets and outlets can
                                         optionally be ducted.                optionally be ducted.
Power roof ventilator.................  ``Power roof/wall ventilator         ``Power roof ventilator (PRV)'' or
                                         (PRV)'' means a fan with an          ``power wall ventilator (PWV)''
                                         internal driver and a housing to     means a fan with an internal
                                         prevent precipitation from           driver and a housing to prevent
                                         entering the building. It has a      precipitation from entering the
                                         base designed to fit over a roof     building. It has a base designed
                                         or wall opening, usually by means    to fit over a roof or wall
                                         of a roof curb.                      opening, usually by means of a
                                                                              roof curb.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* The inclusion of ``scroll-shaped'' in this definition excludes inline fans.
** Radial fans are housed and therefore not included in this definition.

    In response to the April 2020 Notice of Petition, ebm-papst 
commented in favor of a broader test procedure scope and stated that 
any limitation on scope should be made in future labeling requirements, 
certification requirements, or energy conservation standards. ebm-papst 
stated that AMCA 214-21 was designed for fans above 0.745 mechanical 
kilowatts shaft power (equivalent to 1 hp) or 0.890 electrical 
kilowatts, and below 112 kilowatts (equivalent to 150 hp) air power, 
and that these requirements should be the only scope restrictions on 
the test procedure. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, ebm-papst, No. 
9)
    In response to the April 2020 Notice of Petition for Rulemaking, 
AHRI commented that the scope of the DOE test procedure should ideally 
align with the scope of AMCA 214 as finalized and that AHRI was working 
with AMCA to resolve scope concerns in AMCA 214 (Docket No. EERE-2020-
BT-PET-0003, AHRI, No. 14 at p. 2).
    In this NOPR, DOE proposes to include all fans and blowers that are 
included within the scope of AMCA 210-16 (referenced by AMCA 214-21) 
and proposes that the test procedure would be applicable to the 
following fans and blowers, as proposed in section III.A.10 of this 
document and subject to the exclusions discussed in section III.A.2 of 
this document: (1) axial inline fan; (2) axial panel fan; (3) 
centrifugal housed fan; (4) centrifugal unhoused fan; (5) centrifugal 
inline fan; (6) radial-housed fan; and (7) power roof/wall ventilator 
(``PRV'').\17\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \17\ PRVs include: Centrifugal PRV exhaust fans; Centrifugal PRV 
supply fans; and Axial PRVs, as defined in AMCA 214-21.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE is proposing that the scope of the test procedure cover fans 
and blowers with a fan shaft input power equal to or greater than 1 
horsepower and a fan static or total air power equal to or less than 
150 horsepower.
    DOE has tentatively determined that the 1 hp fan shaft power lower 
limit may not be a practical unit of measurement for all fans because 
some fans are designed such that the measurement of the shaft input 
power is not feasible, and the only feasible measurement is the FEP, 
which is measured in units of kW. For example, some fans incorporate 
the bare-shaft and the motor in the same enclosed housing and do not 
provide access to the fan shaft (i.e., between the motor and the fan), 
where the measurement of the fan shaft power would be conducted. DOE 
relied on the motor efficiency equations provided in Section 6.4.2.3 of 
AMCA 214-21 to convert the fan shaft power into electrical input power 
\18\ and has tentatively determined that 0.89 kW is appropriate to 
establish a standardized equivalent to the 1 hp fan shaft input power 
limit. Additionally, Section 6.5.3.1.3 ``Fan Efficiency Requirements'' 
of ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1, ``Energy Standard for Buildings except Low-
Rise Residential Buildings (2019)'' (``ASHRAE 90.1-2019'') relies on 
the value of 0.89 kW as the corresponding threshold to a value of 1 hp 
of shaft input power.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \18\ The electrical input power is equal to the fan shaft input 
power divided by the motor efficiency.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Accordingly, DOE proposes that the test procedure would be 
applicable to a fan or blower with duty points \19\ with the following 
characteristics: (1) a fan shaft input power equal to or greater than 1 
horsepower and a fan static or total air power equal to or less than 
150 horsepower, or (2) a FEP equal to or greater than 0.89 kW and a fan 
static or total airpower equal to or less than 150 horsepower.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \19\ A duty point is characterized by a given airflow and 
pressure and has a corresponding operating speed.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE further proposes to establish the 150 hp upper limit in terms 
of total airpower for fans and blowers that use a total pressure basis 
FEI and would be required to be tested with a ducted outlet according 
to the proposed provisions adopted through reference to AMCA 214-21. 
For fans and blowers that use a static pressure basis FEI and that 
would be required to be tested using a free outlet under the provisions 
of AMAC 214-21 proposed to be adopted by reference, DOE proposes to 
establish the airpower limit in terms of

[[Page 44201]]

static airpower. Table III-9 of this document lists the fan and blower 
categories that rely on a total or static pressure basis in accordance 
with AMCA 214-21.
    DOE proposes the lower 1 hp limit to match the technical 
applicability of the AMCA 214-21 and AMCA 210-16 test procedures. DOE 
is proposing the upper air power limit at this time because fans that 
operate above the proposed upper limit are typically custom orders and 
are too large to be tested in a laboratory setting. In addition, these 
limits are in line with the Working Group recommendations and the CEC 
scope. DOE may consider methods for test for these fans in a future 
rulemaking.
    Finally, to define total airpower, DOE proposes to rely on the 
definition of ``fan output power'' in AMCA 210-16. DOE proposes to 
define ``total airpower'' as the total power delivered to air by the 
fan; it is proportional to the product of the fan airflow rate, the fan 
total pressure, and the compressibility coefficient and is calculated 
in accordance with Section 7.8.1 of AMCA 210-16. See the definition of 
``fan output power'' in Section 3.1.31 of AMCA 210-16 and calculation 
formulas in Section 7.8.1 of AMCA 210-16. DOE also proposes to define 
``static air power'' as the static power delivered to air by the fan; 
it is proportional to the product of the fan airflow rate, the fan 
static pressure, and the compressibility coefficient and is calculated 
in accordance with Section 7.8.1 of AMCA 210-16, using static pressure 
instead of total pressure.
    Fan and blower categories proposed to be exempted from the scope of 
this test procedure are discussed in section III.A.2 of this document.
    DOE requests comment on the fans and blowers, other than air 
circulating fans, proposed for inclusion in the DOE test procedure.
    DOE requests comment on the proposed limits based on fan airpower, 
fan shaft input power and fan electrical input power for fans other 
than air circulating fans. Specifically, DOE requests comment on the 
proposed definitions of ``static airpower'' and ``total airpower'' used 
to characterize the upper 150 horsepower limit for fans other than air 
circulating fans.
2. Proposed Fan and Blower Exclusions
    DOE proposes to explicitly exclude certain fans and blowers from 
the scope of the test procedure.
    The Working Group recommended to exclude circulating fans (also 
known as air circulating fans), induced flow fans, jet fans, and cross-
flow fans. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendation 
#2, at pp. 2-3) The Working Group also recommended to exclude safety 
fans due to low operating hours and specific design features that 
impair efficiency (e.g., high tip clearance), and a subset of radial 
fans that are used for material handling applications \20\ (e.g., to 
move paper dust, sand).\21\ (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, 
Recommendation #2, at pp. 2-3) Table III-2 of this document presents 
the exclusions recommended by the Working Group.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \20\ Specifically, radial housed unshrouded fans, which means a 
radial housed fan for which the impeller blades are attached to a 
backplate and hub (i.e., open radial blade), or to a hub only (i.e., 
open paddle wheel), and with an open front at the impeller's inlet. 
These are different than radial shrouded fans, for which the 
impeller blades are attached to a backplate and to a ring or 
``shroud'' at the impeller's inlet.
    \21\ The discussions of the Working Group related to these 
exclusions can be found in the meeting transcripts, available in the 
fans energy conservation standard rulemaking docket. (Docket No. 
EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; Public Meeting Transcript, No. 161 at pp. 63-
70; Public Meeting Transcript, No. 85 at pp. 60-62).

  Table III-2--Fan Categories Recommended for Exclusion by the Working
                                  Group
------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Fan category recommended for
 exclusion by the working group *         Definition in AMCA 214-21
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Radial housed unshrouded fan with   Included in the definition ``radial
 diameter less than 30 inches or a   housed fan'' as noted in Table III-
 blade width of less than 3 inches.  1.
Safety fan........................  Not defined in AMCA 214-21.
Induced flow fan..................  ``Induced flow fan'' means a type of
                                     laboratory exhaust fan with a
                                     nozzle and windband; the fan's
                                     outlet airflow is greater than the
                                     inlet airflow due to induced
                                     airflow. All airflow entering the
                                     inlet exits through the nozzle.
                                     Airflow exiting the windband
                                     includes the nozzle airflow plus
                                     the induced airflow.
Jet fan...........................  ``Jet fan'' means a fan designed and
                                     marketed specifically for producing
                                     a high velocity air jet in a space
                                     to increase its air momentum. Jet
                                     fans are rated using thrust. Inlets
                                     and outlets are not ducted but may
                                     include acoustic silencers.
Cross-flow fan....................  ``Cross-flow fan'' means a fan with
                                     a housing that creates an airflow
                                     path through the impeller in a
                                     direction at right angles to its
                                     axis of rotation and with airflow
                                     both entering and exiting the
                                     impeller at its periphery. Inlets
                                     and outlets can optionally be
                                     ducted.**
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Note: the Working Group also recommended to exclude circulating fans,
  (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendation #2, at pp.
  2-3) which are defined in AMCA 214-21 as a fan that is not a ceiling
  fan that is used to move air within a space that has no provision for
  connection to ducting or separation of the fan inlet from its outlet.
  The fan is designed to be used for the general circulation of air.
  Circulating fans are discussed in Section III.A.4 of this document.
** Excluded from AMCA 214-21 and defined in ANSI/AMCA Standard 208,
  ``Calculation of the Fan Energy Index for calculating FEI'' (``AMCA
  208-18'').

    The Petitioners requested that the scope of any future DOE test 
procedure be consistent with the scope described in the term sheet, and 
requested to exclude fans that cannot be tested per AMCA 210-16 (i.e., 
the physical test method referenced in AMCA 214-21).\22\ The 
Petitioners also requested that the scope of the test procedure be 
consistent with ASHRAE 90.1-2019. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, 
The Petitioners, No. 1, attachment ``AMCA Petition to DOE Cover Letter 
and Petition [sic] 2020110'' at pp. 7-8)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \22\ For example, circulating fans, ceiling fans, desk fans, jet 
tunnel fans, and induced flow fans (e.g., used in laboratory exhaust 
systems). This is consistent with the scope of the terms sheet.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Table III-3 of this document compares the scope exclusions 
requested by the Petitioners in accordance with the commercial and 
industrial fan and blower requirements in ASHRAE 90.1-2019 and the 
scope of exclusions as recommended by the Working Group (other than 
embedded fans and blowers). DOE reviewed the fan and blower exclusions 
to Section 6.5.3.1.3 of ASHRAE 90.1-2019 ``Fan Efficiency 
Requirements'' as listed in Table III-3 of this document and has 
tentatively

[[Page 44202]]

determined that these exclusions are covered by the exclusions 
recommended by the Working Group.

 Table III-3--Exceptions to Section 6.5.3.1.3 of ASHRAE 90.1-2019 ``Fan
                        Efficiency Requirements''
               [Other than for embedded fans and blowers]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Exceptions to Section 6.5.3.1.3 of       Included in the exclusions
   ASHRAE 90.1-2019  ``Fan Efficiency       recommended by the Working
             Requirements''                           Group?
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fans that are not embedded fans with a   Yes.
 motor nameplate horsepower of less
 than 1.0 hp or with a fan nameplate
 electrical input power of less than
 0.89 ``kW''.
Ceiling fans...........................  Yes (Note: ceiling fans are not
                                          within the scope of the
                                          definition of fans and
                                          blowers).
Fans used for moving gases at            Yes (safety fans).
 temperatures above 482 [deg]F.
Fans used for operation in explosive     Yes (safety fans).
 atmospheres.
Reversible fans used for tunnel          Yes (jet fans, safety fans).
 ventilation.
Fans outside the scope of AMCA 208-18..  Yes (AMCA 208-18 references the
                                          scope of AMCA 210-16).
Fans that are intended to operate only   Yes (safety fans).
 during emergency conditions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In response to the April 2020 Notice of Petition, Greenheck 
commented in support of a scope consistent with the term sheet and with 
ASHRAE 90.1-2019. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, Greenheck, No. 6.1 
at p. 2) Johnson Controls commented in support of the exclusions 
requested by the Petitioners. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, 
Johnson Controls, No. 10 at pp. 1-2)
    In its proposed rulemaking for commercial and industrial fans and 
blowers, the CEC proposes to exclude the following categories of fans: 
(1) safety fans (see section III.B.3 of this document for more details 
on this definition), (2) ceiling fans as defined in 10 CFR 430.2; (3) 
circulating fans; (4) induced-flow fans; (5) jet fans; (6) cross-flow 
fans; (7) embedded fans as defined in ANSI/AMCA 214-21; \23\ (8) fans 
mounted in or on motor vehicles or other mobile equipment; (9) fans 
that create a vacuum of 30 in. water gauge or greater; \24\ and (10) 
air curtain unit.\25\ See Table III-4 of this document; section III.A.3 
of this document for a discussion of embedded fans and air curtain 
units; and section III.A.5 of this document for a discussion of fans 
mounted in or on motor vehicles or other mobile equipment.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \23\ As defined in ANSI/AMCA 214-21: ``A fan that is part of a 
manufactured assembly where the assembly includes functions other 
than air movement.''
    \24\ CEC proposed excluding these fans because AMCA 214-21 is 
not applicable to this equipment. See CEC's Initial Statement of 
Reason, available at: efiling.energy.ca.gov/Lists/DocketLog.aspx?docketnumber=22-AAER-01.
    \25\ The CEC defines an air curtain unit as equipment providing 
a directionally controlled stream of air moving across the entire 
height and width of an opening that reduces the infiltration or 
transfer of air from one side of the opening to the other and/or 
inhibits the passage of insects, dust, or debris.

 Table III-4 Fans Recommended for Exclusion by the Working Group and the
                  Corresponding CEC Proposed Exclusions
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      Corresponding term and definition
 Fans recommended for exclusion by      proposed for exclusion in CEC
        the working group *               proposed regulatory text
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Radial housed unshrouded fan with   Not excluded by the CEC proposed
 diameter less than 30 inches or a   regulatory text.
 blade width of less than 3 inches.
Safety fan........................  ``Safety Fan'' See section III.B.3
                                     of this document.
Induced flow fan..................  ``Induced-flow fan'' means a type of
                                     laboratory exhaust fan with nozzle
                                     and windband; the fan's outlet
                                     airflow is greater than the inlet
                                     airflow due to induced airflow. All
                                     airflow entering the inlet exits
                                     through the nozzle. Airflow exiting
                                     the windband includes the nozzle
                                     airflow as well as the induced
                                     airflow.
Jet fan...........................  ``Jet fan'' means a fan designed and
                                     marketed specifically to produce a
                                     high-velocity air jet in a space to
                                     increase its air momentum. Jet fans
                                     are rated using thrust. Inlets and
                                     outlets are not ducted but may
                                     include acoustic silencers.
Cross-flow fan....................  ``Cross-flow fan'' means a fan with
                                     a housing that creates an airflow
                                     path through the impeller, in a
                                     direction at right angles to the
                                     axis of rotation and with airflow
                                     both entering and exiting the
                                     impeller at the periphery. Inlets
                                     and outlets can optionally be
                                     ducted.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Note: The Working Group also recommended to exclude circulating fans,
  which are also excluded from the CEC proposed regulation and defined
  as a fan that is not a ceiling fan that is used to move air within a
  space, that has no provision for connection to ducting or separation
  of the fan inlet from its outlet. The fan is designed to be used for
  the general circulation of air. Circulating fans are discussed in
  Section III.A.4 of this document.

    DOE reviewed the exclusions recommended by the Working Group, the 
exclusions requested by Petitioners, the exclusions provided in the 
proposed CEC regulations, and comments received. DOE is proposing to 
exclude from the proposed DOE test procedure the following fans and 
blowers: (1) radial housed unshrouded fans with a diameter less than 30 
inches or a blade width of less than 3 inches; (2) safety fans; (3) 
induced flow fans; (4) jet fans; and (5) cross-flow fans.
    Based on input from AMCA during the ASRAC negotiations, DOE has 
tentatively determined that radial housed unshrouded fans with a 
diameter less than 30 inches or a blade width of less than 3 inches are 
designed for materials handling applications.

[[Page 44203]]

These fans have specific design features (e.g., built to resist the 
impact and erosive wear from large quantities of various materials 
passing through the fan housing) that generally limit the opportunity 
for improved efficiency. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; Public 
Meeting Transcript, No. 85 at p. 60). Furthermore, testing these fans 
based on the test method for clean air fans would not provide a 
measurement of energy use or energy efficiency that is representative 
of an average use cycle. For these reasons, DOE proposes to exclude 
radial housed unshrouded fans with a diameter less than 30 inches or a 
blade width of less than 3 inches at this time.
    DOE proposes to exclude safety fans at this time, which operate 
intermittently and may have specific design features that generally 
limit the opportunity for improved efficiency.
    DOE also proposes to exclude induced flow fans; jet fans; and 
cross-flow fans because a test using AMCA 210-16 would not provide a 
measurement of energy use or energy efficiency that is representative 
of an average use cycle, as described further in the following 
paragraphs.
    Induced flow fans are used for laboratory exhaust applications, and 
their performance is tested based on AMCA Standard 260-20, ``Laboratory 
Methods of Testing Induced Flow Fans for Rating.'' AMCA 260-20 is an 
adjunct to AMCA 210-16 in order to accommodate the induced flow fans' 
unique characteristics, namely the impact of the windband on 
performance. The windband is a component of induced flow fans used to 
direct the fume exhaust and maximize plume height and the amount of air 
mixed with the lab exhaust to increase the dilution ratio. Induced flow 
fans produce a high plume of air at the outlet in order to exhaust 
laboratory fumes and hazardous chemicals in such a manner that 
diminishes the likelihood that exhausted air will be re-entrained into 
the building's intake air. Their performance does not only depend on 
the flow of air that they provide, but also on the ``effective plume 
height,'' which is the plume rise provided by the induced flow fan 
added to the stack height of the fan (i.e., from the roof to the outlet 
of the windband). DOE has tentatively determined that a test using AMCA 
210-16 would not provide a measurement of energy use or energy 
efficiency during a representative average use cycle for induced flow 
fans and proposes to exclude these fans from the scope of the test 
procedure at this time.
    Jet fans are typically used in vehicular tunnels to provide 
ventilation and improve air quality. Jet fans can also be used in the 
event of a fire in the tunnel to remove the smoke and fumes from the 
source of the incident, if necessary, by reversing their airflow. Jet 
fan performance is characterized by thrust and horsepower and not based 
on the airflow and pressure they can provide. AMCA 250-22 \26\ provides 
methods of measuring thrust, volume airflow, and power and includes 
provisions for deriving efficiency in terms of ``thrust power ratio''. 
Therefore, DOE has tentatively determined that a test using AMCA 210-16 
would not provide a measurement of energy use or energy efficiency 
during a representative average use cycle of jet fans and proposes to 
exclude these fans from the scope of the test procedure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \26\ ANSI/AMCA 250-22: Laboratory Methods of Testing Jet Tunnel 
Fans for Performance. Available at www.amca.org.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Cross-flow fan performance is related to the ability to produce a 
wide, uniform airflow as opposed to the airpower output, which is what 
is accounted for in AMCA 210-16. Therefore, DOE has tentatively 
determined that cross-flow fans would necessitate consideration of a 
different metric to better capture the energy use of these under a 
representative cycle of use. Therefore, DOE proposes that cross-flow 
fans will not be addressed in its test procedure at this time.
    DOE is considering including an exclusion, consistent with the 
findings of the CEC, for fans that create a vacuum of 30 inches water 
gauge or greater. DOE has tentatively determined that a test using AMCA 
210-16 may not result in a measurement of energy use or energy 
efficiency during a representative average use cycle for fans that are 
exclusively used to create a vacuum rather than produce airflow. DOE 
requests additional information on fans exclusively used to create a 
vacuum and on the 30 inches water gauge criteria used by the CEC.
    DOE requests comment on its proposed exclusions from the proposed 
scope of applicability of the test procedure, listed as follows: (1) 
radial housed unshrouded fans with a diameter less than 30 inches or a 
blade width of less than 3 inches; (2) safety fans; (3) induced flow 
fans; (4) jet fans; and (5) cross-flow fans. DOE seeks additional 
information to support exclusion from the scope of potential test 
procedures.
    DOE seeks comment and input on the applicability of AMCA 214-21 and 
AMCA 210-16 to fans that create a vacuum of 30 inches water gauge or 
greater. DOE requests comment on the 30 inches water gauge limit used 
by the CEC.
3. Proposed Exclusion of Embedded Fans and Blowers
    In addition to the specific exclusions discussed in the prior 
section, DOE has also considered excluding certain ``embedded'' fans 
from the scope of the test procedure. Fans can be distributed in 
commerce as standalone equipment or can be distributed in commerce 
incorporated into other equipment that requires a fan to operate.
    Section 3.25.3 of AMCA 214-21 defines a ``standalone fan'' as ``a 
fan in at least a minimum testable configuration. This includes any 
driver, transmission or motor controller if included in the rated fan. 
It also includes any appurtenances included in the rated fan, and it 
excludes the impact of any surrounding equipment whose purpose exceeds 
or is different than that of the fan.'' \27\ Section 3.25.4 of AMCA 
214-21 defines the term ``embedded fan'' in section 3.25.4 as ``a fan 
that is part of a manufactured assembly where the assembly includes 
functions other than air movement.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \27\ Additionally, AMCA 214-21 defines a minimum testable 
configuration as ``A fan having at least an impeller; shaft and 
bearings and/or driver to support the impeller; and its structure or 
its housing''. See Section 3.53 of AMCA 214-21.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Working Group recommended excluding certain embedded fans. See 
Table III-5 of this document. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 
179, Recommendations #2 and #3 at pp. 2-4)

   Table III-5--Embedded Fans Recommended for Exclusion by the Working
                                  Group
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fans embedded in:
    Single-phase central air conditioners and heat pumps rated with a
     certified cooling capacity less than 65,000 British thermal units
     per hour (``Btu/h''), that are subject to DOE's energy conservation
     standard at 10 CFR 430.32(c).
    Three-phase, air-cooled, small commercial packaged air-conditioning
     and heating equipment rated with a certified cooling capacity less
     than 65,000 Btu/h, that are subject to DOE's energy conservation
     standard at 10 CFR 431.97(b).

[[Page 44204]]

 
    Residential furnaces that are subject to DOE's energy conservation
     standard at 10 CFR 430.32(y).
    Transport refrigeration (i.e., Trailer refrigeration, Self-powered
     truck refrigeration, Vehicle-powered truck refrigeration, Marine/
     Rail container refrigerant), and fans exclusively powered by
     internal combustion engines.
    Vacuum cleaners.*
Heat Rejection Equipment:
     Packaged evaporative open circuit cooling towers.
     Evaporative field-erected open circuit cooling towers.
     Packaged evaporative closed-circuit cooling towers.
     Evaporative field-erected closed-circuit cooling towers.
     Packaged evaporative condensers.
     Field-erected evaporative condensers.
     Packaged air-cooled (dry) coolers.
     Field-erected air-cooled (dry) coolers.
     Air-cooled steam condensers.
     Hybrid (water saving) versions of all of the previously
     listed equipment that contain both evaporative and air-cooled heat
     exchange sections.
Air curtains:
    Air-cooled commercial package air conditioners and heat pumps (CUAC,
     CUHP) with a certified cooling capacity between 5.5 tons (65,000
     Btu/h) and 63.5 tons (760,000 Btu/h) that are subject to DOE's
     energy conservation standard at 10 CFR 431.97(b).**
    Water-cooled and evaporatively-cooled commercial air conditioners
     and water-source commercial heat pumps that are subject to DOE's
     energy conservation standard at 10 CFR 431.97(b).**
    Single package vertical air conditioners and heat pumps that are
     subject to DOE's energy conservation standard at 10 CFR
     431.97(d).**
    Packaged terminal air conditioners (PTAC) and packaged terminal heat
     pumps (PTHP) that are subject to DOE's energy conservation standard
     at 10 CFR 431.97(c).**
    Computer room air conditioners that are subject to DOE's energy
     conservation standard at 10 CFR 431.97(e).**
    Variable refrigerant flow multi-split air conditioners and heat
     pumps that are subject to DOE's energy conservation standard at 10
     CFR 431.97(f).**
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Although the term sheet specifies ``vacuum'', the term was intended to
  designate vacuum cleaners. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; AHRI,
  Public Meeting Transcript, No. 166 at p. 11).
** The recommendation only applies to supply and condenser fans embedded
  in this equipment.

    Stated more generally, the exclusions recommended by the Working 
Group would exclude from the scope of the test procedure, fans that are 
embedded in regulated equipment for which the DOE metric captures the 
energy consumption of the fan.\28\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \28\ The Working Group created a subgroup to propose potential 
embedded fan exclusions, which were subsequently voted on by the 
Working Group. The information used by the subgroup to develop the 
proposal is available in the fans energy conservation standard 
rulemaking docket. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 125.2).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Working Group further recommended for fans embedded in non-
regulated equipment, and/or embedded in regulated equipment other than 
listed in appendix B, and/or any fans that are not supply and condense 
fans in regulated equipment listed in appendix B that the first 
manufacturer of a testable configuration \29\ would be responsible for 
certifying the standalone fan performance to DOE. (Docket No. EERE-
2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendation #4 at pp. 4) \30\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \29\ AMCA 214-21 defines the ``minimal testable configuration'' 
as a fan having at least an impeller; shaft and bearings and/or 
driver to support the impeller; and its structure or its housing.
    \30\ As part of this recommendation, the Working Group also 
recommended that if a manufacturer purchases a standalone fan to 
incorporate in a product or in equipment, that manufacturer must 
ensure that the design operating range (or design point) of the 
embedded fan is within the certified operating range of the 
standalone fan and disclose the design operating range (or design 
point) of the embedded fan to the end-user. This issue does not 
relate to the test procedure and is not discussed in this document.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Petitioners requested that the scope of any DOE test procedure 
be consistent with the scope of the term sheet. Petitioners also 
requested the test-procedure scope for commercial fans be consistent 
with ASHRAE 90.1-2019, and additionally exclude embedded fans that are 
part of equipment listed in Section 6.4.1.1 of ASHRAE 90.1-2019. ASHRAE 
90.1-2019 (See Table III-7 of this document). (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-
PET-0003, The Petitioners, No. 1, attachment ``AMCA Petition to DOE 
Cover Letter and Petition [sic] 2020110'' at pp. 7-8)
    The additional exclusions for embedded fans that are part of 
equipment listed in Section 6.4.1.1 of ASHRAE 90.1-2019 as requested by 
AMCA is included in the fan and blower exclusions to Section 6.5.3.1.3 
of ASHRAE 90.1-2019 ``Fan Efficiency Requirements'' as listed in 
section in Section 6.5.3.1.3 of ASHRAE 90.1-2019 and presented in Table 
III-6 of this document.

Table III-6--Embedded Fan and Blowers Exclusions to Section 6.5.3.1.3 of
            ASHRAE 90.1-2019 ``Fan Efficiency Requirements''
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Embedded fan and blowers exclusions
to Section 6.5.3.1.3 of ASHRAE 90.1-       Included in the exclusion
2019 ``Fan Efficiency Requirements''  recommended by  the Working Group?
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Embedded fans and fan arrays with a   No.
 combined motor nameplate horsepower
 of 5 hp or less or with a fan
 system electrical input power of
 4.1 kW or less.
Embedded fans that are part of        See Table III-7.
 equipment listed under Section
 6.4.1.1.
Embedded fans included in equipment   No.
 bearing a third party-certified
 seal for air or energy performance
 of the equipment package.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 44205]]


  Table III-7--Equipment Listed in Section 6.4.1.1 of ASHRAE 90.1-2019
 ``Minimum Equipment Efficiencies--Listed Equipment--Standard Rating and
                         Operating Conditions''
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Included in the embedded fan
           Fans embedded in:              exclusions recommended by the
                                                  Working Group?
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Electrically Operated Unitary Air        Partially. This category
 Conditioners.                            includes equipment above
                                          760,000 Btu/h. The exclusions
                                          in the term sheet apply only
                                          to fans embedded in equipment
                                          above 65,000 Btu/h and below
                                          760,000 Btu/h (equivalent to
                                          5.5 tons and 63.5 tons,
                                          respectively as stated in the
                                          term sheet). In addition, the
                                          term sheet specifies that the
                                          exclusions would apply only to
                                          embedded ``supply and
                                          condenser fans.''
Electrically Operated Air-Cooled         Partially. This category
 Unitary Heat Pumps.                      includes equipment above
                                          760,000 Btu/h. The exclusions
                                          in the term sheet apply only
                                          to fans embedded in equipment
                                          below 760,000 Btu/h. In
                                          addition, the term sheet
                                          specifies that the exclusion
                                          would apply only to embedded
                                          ``supply and condenser fans.''
Air-, water-, and evaporatively cooled   Yes, these fans are below 1 hp.
 Condensing Units.                        In addition, it is specified
                                          in Table 6.8.1-1 of ASHRAE
                                          90.1-2019 that this category
                                          only includes equipment
                                          greater than or equal to
                                          135,000 Btu/h.
Water-Chilling Packages................  No.
Electrically Operated Packaged Terminal  Yes. However, the term sheet
 Air Conditioners, Packaged Terminal      specifies that the exclusion
 Heat Pumps, Single-Package Vertical      would apply only to embedded
 Air Conditioners, and Single-Package     ``supply and condenser fans.''
 Vertical Heat Pumps.
Room Air-conditioners and Air-           Yes. These fans are below 1 hp.
 conditioner Heat pumps.
Warm-Air Furnaces and Combination Warm-  No.
 Air Furnaces/Air-Conditioning Units,
 Warm-Air Duct Furnaces, and Unit
 Heaters.
Gas- and Oil-Fired Boilers.............  Partially. Some of these fans
                                          are below 1 hp.
Heat-Rejection Equipment...............  Yes.
Electrically Operated Variable-          Yes. However, the term sheet
 Refrigerant-Flow Air Conditioners.       specifies that the exclusion
                                          would apply only to embedded
                                          ``supply and condenser fans.''
Electrically Operated Variable-          Partially. This category
 Refrigerant-Flow and Applied Heat        includes ground water source
 Pumps.                                   and ground source equipment
                                          that is not regulated by DOE
                                          and that was not included in
                                          the term sheet exclusions. In
                                          addition, the term sheet
                                          specifies that the exclusion
                                          would apply only to embedded
                                          ``supply and condenser fans.''
Floor-Mounted Air Conditioners and       Partially. This category
 Condensing Units Serving Computer        includes equipment greater
 Rooms.                                   than or equal to 760,000 Btu/
                                          h, which are not regulated by
                                          DOE.
Commercial Refrigerators, Commercial     Yes, these fans are below 1 hp.
 Freezers, and Refrigeration.
Vapor-Compression-Based Indoor Pool      Yes, these fans are below 1 hp.
 Dehumidifiers.
Electrically Operated direct-expansion   No.
 dedicated outdoor air system Units,
 Single-Package and Remote Condenser,
 without Energy Recovery.
Electrically Operated direct-expansion   No.
 dedicated outdoor air system Units,
 Single-Package and Remote Condenser,
 with Energy Recovery.
Electrically Operated Water-Source Heat  Partially. This category
 Pumps.                                   includes ground water source
                                          and ground source equipment
                                          that is not regulated by DOE
                                          and was not included in the
                                          term sheet exclusions. In
                                          addition, the term sheet
                                          specifies that the exclusion
                                          would apply only to embedded
                                          ``supply and condenser fans.''
Heat Pump and Heat Recovery Chiller      No.
 Packages.
Ceiling-Mounted Computer-Room Air        Partially. The term sheet only
 Conditioners.                            excludes embedded fans in
                                          computer room air conditioners
                                          that are subject to DOE energy
                                          conservation standards.
Walk-In Cooler and Freezer Display Door  Yes, these fans are below 1 hp.
Walk-In Cooler and Freezer Non-Display   Yes, these fans are below 1 hp.
 Door.
Walk-In Cooler and Freezer               Yes, these fans are below 1 hp.
 Refrigeration System.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As previously noted, in response to the April 2020 Notice of 
Petition, Greenheck commented in support of a scope consistent with the 
term sheet and with ASHRAE 90.1-2019 (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, 
Greenheck, No. 6.1 at p. 2) Johnson Controls commented in support of 
the exclusions requested by the Petitioners (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-
PET-0003, Johnson Controls, No. 10 at pp. 1).
    CTI commented in support of the exclusion of fans used in heat 
rejection equipment as requested by the Petitioners. CTI commented that 
this exclusion was included in the term sheet scope recommendation 
based on the widespread usage of equipment-level energy efficiency 
metrics; the low potential for energy savings; the potential unintended 
increases in fan and system energy use ; and the associated design 
challenges due to the very large size of fans used in heat rejection 
equipment. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, CTI, No. 11 at pp. 1-2)
    AHRI commented in support of the Petitioners' request to exclude 
from the scope of the test procedure condenser fans embedded in 
commercial and industrial chillers, condensing units, and unregulated 
packaged air conditioners and heat pumps with cooling capacity greater 
than 760,000 Btu/h, consistent with Section 6.4.1.1 of ASHRAE 90.1-
2019. AHRI also supported the exclusions listed in the

[[Page 44206]]

term sheet for heat rejection equipment, including but not limited to 
air cooled condensers, dry coolers, cooling towers, evaporative 
condensers, and hybrid wet/dry units. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-
0003, AHRI, No. 14 at p. 2) Further, AHRI commented in support of 
additional exclusions to exclude all fans in all regulated equipment 
and asserted that EPCA does not permit two standards to be applied to 
regulated equipment. AHRI stated that the list of equipment in Section 
6.4.1.1 of ASHRAE 90.1-2019 strictly applies to air distribution 
equipment and does not include all regulated equipment incorporating 
fans, such as boilers. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, AHRI, No. 14 
at p. 2) In addition, AHRI questioned the representativeness of 
applying a standalone fan metric for embedded fans in regulated 
equipment.\31\ AHRI asserted that the standalone fan metric, after 
accounting for system effect, would not provide an appropriate basis 
for comparison of performance. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, AHRI, 
No. 14 at p. 2) Daikin commented in support of all of AHRI's comments 
on the petition. (Daikin, No. 8 at p. 1).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \31\ The AMCA 214-21 metric describes fan performance as tested 
in a standalone configuration (i.e. not installed inside other 
equipment).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Lennox commented that fans embedded in DOE regulated HVACR 
equipment should be excluded from the scope to avoid duplicative 
burdens for HVACR equipment already subject to DOE regulation. (Docket 
No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, Lennox, No. 5 at p. 3)
    Several interested parties commented in support of an equipment 
level approach (i.e., system approach) that would regulate the HVACR 
equipment rather than what they described as a component level 
approach. CTI commented that energy conservation standards based on 
already established equipment-level metrics are more effective at 
reducing energy consumption compared to energy savings obtained by 
using a fan efficiency metric, and at a lower regulatory burden. 
(Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, CTI, No. 11 at p. 2) Daikin 
commented that DOE had recently stated that it may seek to establish 
regulatory coverage over equipment, rather than the components in such 
equipment. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, Daikin, No. 8 at p. 1) In 
addition, Daikin commented that the purpose of the FEI established by 
AMCA 214 is to help drive fan sizing and better fan selection. Daikin 
commented that while there were benefits to improving fan sizing and 
incentivizing better fan selection for standalone fans, not all 
possible FEI improvement approaches are practical for embedded fans 
(e.g., increasing fan size or increasing the number of fans). Daikin 
stated that certain equipment incorporating embedded fans must comply 
with multiple safety standards and performance standards. Daikin 
commented that embedded fans are carefully selected to adhere to such 
safety and performance standards, and that component sizes or the 
number of components cannot be altered to meet the needs of a component 
level test procedure. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, Daikin, No. 8 
at p. 1)
    Daikin generally supported the exclusions requested by the 
Petitioners, stating that such exclusions should be reflected in the 
scope of AMCA 214. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, Daikin, No. 8 at 
p. 1). CTI also commented that the exclusions requested by the 
Petitioners should be reflected in the scope of AMCA 214 and expressed 
concern that the draft AMCA 214 test standard \32\ could allow for the 
inclusion of embedded fans at some point in the future. CTI further 
stated that AMCA 214 is not suitable for inclusion in a regulatory 
program due to testing and accuracy issues. CTI did not provide a 
description of these issues. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, CTI, 
No. 11 at p. 3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \32\ AMCA 214-21 had not yet published at the time of these 
comments.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In response to the October 2021 RFI, AHRI commented that there have 
been many changes since the conclusion of the Working Group. For 
example, the introduction of FEI in ASHRAE 90.1, the development of a 
new test procedure for FEI, and the publication of AMCA 214. AHRI 
commented that itis chiefly concerned with ensuring that the scope of 
coverage does not impose double regulation on covered equipment. AHRI 
commented that AMCA 214-21 does not specifically exclude embedded fans 
other than in the foreword (which states that ``AMCA Standard 214 
primarily is for fans that are tested alone or with motors and drives; 
it does not apply to fans tested embedded inside of other equipment''); 
however, AHRI stated that there is no normative procedure for applying 
a stand-alone fan metric to embedded applications. (AHRI, No. 10 at p. 
2)
    In response to the October 2021 RFI, AHRI and Morrison commented 
that any fan and blower regulations should exclude all fans and blowers 
used in regulated equipment because EPCA does not permit two standards 
to be applied to a single federally regulated product. AHRI and 
Morrison cited DOE's discussion in a final rule published July 22, 2009 
\33\ in which DOE stated, ``EPCA authorizes DOE to establish a 
performance standard or a single design standard. As such, a standard 
that establishes both a performance standard and a design requirement 
remain beyond the scope of DOE's legal authority.'' AHRI and Morrison, 
citing 42 U.S.C. 6313(a)(6)(C), asserted that introducing component 
regulation on regulated products creates a secondary redesign cycle 
contrary to EPCA. AHRI and Morrison also asserted that EPCA is clear 
that DOE is prohibited from setting a new efficiency standard on 
products within certain defined time limits. Specifically, AHRI and 
Morrison commented that DOE cannot set new efficiency standards for 
products manufactured after a date that is the later of (1) the date 
that is three years after publication of the final rule establishing a 
new standard; or (2) the date that is six years after the effective 
date of the current standard for a covered product, citing 42 U.S.C. 
6313(a)(6)(C)(iv). AHRI and Morrison commented that introducing a fan 
regulation on top of a regulation for covered equipment would 
complicate the regulatory, design and compliance cycles. AHRI and 
Morrison added that clearly excluding fans in regulated products will 
help DOE comply with the legally mandated schedule and parameters laid 
out under EPCA. AHRI and Morrison additionally commented that DOE 
should maintain consistency in its rulemaking process and seek to 
establish regulatory coverage over equipment rather than the components 
in such equipment. (AHRI, No. 10 at pp. 3-4; Morrison, No. 8 at p. 2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \33\ Energy Conservation Program for Certain Industrial 
Equipment: Energy Conservation Standards and Test Procedures for 
Commercial Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Water-Heating Equipment. 
74 FR 36312, 36322 (July 22, 2009).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Morrison added that DOE should only regulate standalone fans and 
not those embedded in equipment since none of the referenced test 
methods are for embedded fans. Further, Morrison commented that the 
vast majority of fans manufactured by Morrison are 
incorporated in HVAC equipment that already have energy efficiency 
measures that account for the fan energy, and thus should continue to 
be out of scope for this regulation. (Morrison, No. 8 at p. 1)
    In its proposed regulation, the CEC proposes to exclude embedded 
fans, as defined in AMCA 214-21, including embedded fans in air curtain 
units.\34\ In

[[Page 44207]]

its staff report, the CEC stated that its proposal would exclude fans 
embedded in regulated and nonregulated equipment where the main 
function is other than the movement of air, as long as the fan is not 
sold or offered for sale as a standalone product.\35\ As reasons for 
exclusion, the CEC stated that these fans are either manufactured by an 
original equipment manufacturer (OEM), who embeds the fan in a piece of 
equipment where the main function is something other than the movement 
of air, or because they are manufactured for the purpose of being 
embedded into an appliance after market.\36\ The CEC also discussed the 
potential complexity of testing embedded fans and the accuracy of the 
results. See section III.D.8 of this document for further discussion 
related to testing.\37\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \34\ See Proposed regulatory language for Commercial and 
Industrial Fans and Blowers available in the following Docket: 22-
AAER-01 at: efiling.energy.ca.gov/Lists/DocketLog.aspx?docketnumber=22-AAER-01.
    \35\ See CEC Commercial and Industrial Fans and Blowers Staff 
Report, Docket No. 22-AAER-01, TN# 241951, at p. 16.
    \36\ Id.
    \37\ See CEC Commercial and Industrial Fans and Blowers Staff 
Report, Docket No. 22-AAER-01, TN# 241951, at p. 30
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE proposes to exclude fans embedded in equipment listed in Table 
III-5, as long as the fan is not distributed in commerce as a 
standalone product, consistent with the Working Group term sheet scope 
recommendations related to embedded fans. The equipment listed in Table 
III-5 includes equipment that is separately regulated by DOE (``covered 
equipment'') as well as non-covered equipment (i.e., transportation 
refrigeration equipment, vacuum cleaners, heat rejection equipment, and 
air curtains).
    Fans used in transportation equipment are often designed to 
accommodate the limited space available and are built following 
specific construction requirements to withstand shock and vibrations. 
These design constraints significantly limit potential opportunities 
for improvements in efficiency. Consistent with the Working Group term 
sheet (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006-0179, Recommendation #2 at p. 
2), DOE proposes to exclude fans that are exclusively embedded in 
transport refrigeration (i.e., trailer refrigeration, self-powered 
truck refrigeration, vehicle-powered truck refrigeration, and marine/
rail container refrigeration) at this time.
    DOE proposes to exclude fans that are exclusively embedded in 
vacuum cleaners. AHRI initially made this recommendation on the basis 
that these fans represent low energy savings potential due to their low 
operating hours. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; AHRI, Public 
Meeting Transcript, No. 166 at p. 11) Fans embedded in vacuums cleaners 
are not used to produce airflow. Rather, they are used to create a 
vacuum for material handling purposes (i.e., moving dust, small 
particles etc.). DOE has tentatively determined that a clean air test 
using AMCA 210-16 would not result in a measurement of energy use or 
energy efficiency during a representative average use cycle. For this 
reason, and consistent with the Working Group term sheet scope 
recommendations, DOE proposes to exclude fans embedded in vacuum 
cleaners from the scope of the test procedure.
    Fans used in heat rejection equipment are primarily fabricated in-
house by the heat rejection equipment manufacturer and that these fans 
are not sold in a standalone configuration.\38\ For this reason, and 
consistent with the Working Group term sheet scope recommendations, DOE 
proposes to exclude fans embedded in heat rejection equipment from the 
scope of the test procedure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \38\ In some cases, the heat rejection equipment manufacturer 
may purchase the impeller and assemble the fan in a housing which is 
tied to the structure of the heat rejection equipment.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Air curtains are used in entrances to buildings or openings between 
two spaces conditioned at different temperatures. Their performance 
does not depend on the airpower alone, but on their ability to create a 
uniform airstream that separates two spaces from each other. Air 
curtains are subject to a separate AMCA testing standard.\39\ This 
standard establishes uniform methods for the testing of an air curtain 
to determine aerodynamic performance in terms of airflow rate, outlet 
air velocity uniformity, power consumption, and air velocity 
projection. Air curtains include fans packaged with a motor, filter, 
outlet section (a nozzle, discharge grille, etc.), and in some cases a 
mounting plate, and/or an electric heater or water heater. The 
performance of fans embedded in air curtains is related to airflow 
rate, outlet air velocity uniformity, and air velocity projection as 
opposed to the airpower output alone, which is what is accounted for in 
AMCA 210-16. Therefore, DOE has tentatively determined that fans 
embedded in air curtain fans would necessitate consideration of a 
different metric to better capture the energy use of air curtain fans 
under a representative cycle of use. Therefore, DOE proposes that fans 
embedded in air curtains not be addressed in the proposed test 
procedure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \39\ AMCA, Standard 220-21, ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Air 
Curtains for Aerodynamic Performance Ratings,'' 2021. Available at 
www.amca.org.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In addition, at this time, DOE proposes that the test procedure 
would exclude fans in covered equipment in which the fan energy use is 
already captured in the equipment specific test procedures. DOE is 
proposing to adopt an exclusion for fans embedded in equipment listed 
in Table III-5,\40\ as long as the fan is not distributed in commerce 
as a standalone product. DOE proposes to also exclude fans embedded in 
direct-expansion dedicated outdoor systems (``DX-DOAS'') to reflect the 
DOE proposed test procedure and metric for DX-DOAS that, if adopted, 
would incorporate fan energy use. See 86 FR 72874, 72889-72890 
(December 23, 2021). These proposed exclusions are consistent with the 
recommendations of the Working Group. The proposed approach would avoid 
regulating fans for which existing DOE regulations account for their 
energy use by excluding such fans from the test procedure if 
distributed solely embedded in the listed equipment. To the extent a 
fan is distributed in commerce as a stand-alone fan, and therefore is 
not limited to use in specific equipment, or embedded in equipment in 
which its energy use is not addressed in a DOE test procedure, such a 
fan would be subject to the DOE test procedure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \40\ DOE notes that while the Working Group recommended to 
exclude fans in residential furnaces that are subject to DOE's 
energy conservation standard at 10 CFR 430.32(y), furnace fans are 
excluded from the definition of ``fan and blower'' and therefore do 
not need to be listed as a proposed exclusion.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Table III-8 summarizes the exclusively embedded fans proposed for 
exclusions from the scope of the test procedure.

[[Page 44208]]



 Table III-8--Exclusively Embedded Fans Proposed for Exclusion From the
                       Scope of the Test Procedure
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fans exclusively embedded in:
    Direct-expansion dedicated outdoor systems (``DX-DOASes'') subject
     to any DOE test procedures in appendix B to subpart F of part 431.*
    Single-phase central air conditioners and heat pumps rated with a
     certified cooling capacity less than 65,000 British thermal units
     per hour (``Btu/h''), that are subject to DOE's energy conservation
     standard at 10 CFR 430.32(c).
    Three-phase, air-cooled, small commercial packaged air-conditioning
     and heating equipment rated with a certified cooling capacity less
     than 65,000 Btu/h, that are subject to DOE's energy conservation
     standard at 10 CFR 431.97(b).
    Transport refrigeration (i.e., Trailer refrigeration, Self-powered
     truck refrigeration, Vehicle-powered truck refrigeration, Marine/
     Rail container refrigerant), and fans exclusively powered by fan
     combustion engines.
    Vacuum cleaners.
Heat Rejection Equipment:
     Packaged evaporative open circuit cooling towers.
     Evaporative field-erected open circuit cooling towers.
     Packaged evaporative closed-circuit cooling towers.
     Evaporative field-erected closed-circuit cooling towers.
     Packaged evaporative condensers.
     Field-erected evaporative condensers.
     Packaged air-cooled (dry) coolers.
     Field-erected air-cooled (dry) coolers.
     Air-cooled steam condensers.
     Hybrid (water saving) versions of all of the previously
     listed equipment that contain both evaporative and air-cooled heat
     exchange sections.
Air curtains.
** Air-cooled commercial package air conditioners and heat pumps (CUAC,
 CUHP) with a certified cooling capacity between 5.5 tons (65,000 Btu/h)
 and 63.5 tons (760,000 Btu/h) that are subject to DOE's energy
 conservation standard at 10 CFR 431.97(b).
** Water-cooled and evaporatively-cooled commercial air conditioners and
 water-source commercial heat pumps that are subject to DOE's energy
 conservation standard at 10 CFR 431.97(b).
** Single package vertical air conditioners and heat pumps that are
 subject to DOE's energy conservation standard at 10 CFR 431.97(d).
** Packaged terminal air conditioners (PTAC) and packaged terminal heat
 pumps (PTHP) that are subject to DOE's energy conservation standard at
 10 CFR 431.97(c).
** Computer room air conditioners that are subject to DOE's energy
 conservation standard at 10 CFR 431.97(e).
** Variable refrigerant flow multi-split air conditioners and heat pumps
 that are subject to DOE's energy conservation standard at 10 CFR
 431.97(f).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
** DX-DOASes are not currently subject to a DOE test procedure. However,
  there is an ongoing rulemaking to establish a test procedure for DX-
  DOASes that DOE anticipates will be finalized before the final rule of
  the fans and blowers rulemaking. Information about this rulemaking can
  be found at regulations.gov under the Docket Number EERE-2017-BT-TP-
  0018.
* The exclusion only applies to supply and condenser fans embedded in
  this equipment.

    As discussed, DOE is proposing to exclude embedded fans that are 
not distributed in commerce as standalone fans. DOE acknowledges that 
in a number of instances, a standalone fan purchased by a manufacturer 
for incorporation into a unit of listed equipment may be 
indistinguishable based on physical features from a fan that is 
purchased by a manufacturer for incorporation into non-listed equipment 
or from a fan used as a standalone fan. During the ASRAC negotiations, 
AHRI conducted a survey of its members to determine the number of fans 
purchased versus manufactured by the equipment manufacturer. (Docket 
No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, AHRI, No. 125.3, at p. 1) AHRI estimated 
that over 80 percent of all fans that are used as components across all 
commercial regulated equipment are manufactured by the equipment 
manufacturer. Id. This percentage was higher for commercial air-
conditioning and heat pump equipment and was estimated to be between 94 
and 99 percent. Id.
    In order to provide additional specificity as to the fans that 
would be subject to the embedded fan exclusion, DOE proposes to use the 
term ``exclusively embedded fans'' to designate the fans covered by the 
embedded fan exclusion. DOE proposes to define ``exclusively embedded 
fan'' as: a fan or blower that is manufactured and incorporated into a 
product or equipment manufactured by the same manufacturer and that is 
exclusively distributed in commerce embedded in another product or 
equipment. Based on this information, DOE has tentatively determined 
that the vast majority of fans used as components in regulated 
commercial HVACR equipment would meet the proposed definition of 
exclusively embedded fan and would not be subject to the test procedure 
as proposed in this NOPR.
    The following examples illustrate how the proposed definition of 
exclusively embedded fan would impact whether a fan must be tested and 
certified to DOE:
     If a manufacturer makes a fan and incorporates it into 
equipment that the manufacturer also makes, that fan would meet the 
definition of exclusively embedded fan. If the embedded fan is part of 
equipment listed in Table III-8 of this document, that fan would be 
excluded from the proposed scope of the test procedure so long as the 
manufacturer does not also sell that fan as a standalone fan. If the 
embedded fan is not part of equipment listed in Table III-8 of this 
document, the embedded fan would be included in the proposed scope of 
the test procedure and the fan would be subject to the test procedure.
     If Manufacturer A makes (or imports) a fan and then only 
sells it to Manufacturer B who then only distributes that fan in 
commerce embedded within a larger piece of equipment, that fan would 
not meet the definition of exclusively embedded fan (even if the 
equipment is listed in Table III-8 of this document), as it would be 
distributed in commerce as a standalone fan by Manufacturer A, and 
therefore the fan would be subject to the test procedure under the 
proposal.
     If a fan is exclusively imported as part of a larger piece 
of equipment, that fan would meet the definition of exclusively 
embedded fan. If the embedded fan is part of equipment listed in Table 
III-8 of this document, that fan would be excluded from the proposed 
scope of applicability of the test procedure. If the embedded fan is 
not part of equipment listed in Table III-8 of this document, the 
embedded fan would be included in the proposed

[[Page 44209]]

scope of applicability of the test procedure.
    DOE requests comment on the proposed exclusively embedded fan 
exclusions listed in Table III-8 of this document.
    DOE seeks information on whether it is common practice for 
standalone fan manufacturers that supply fans to HVACR equipment 
manufacturers to test these fans in accordance with AMCA 214-21 or AMCA 
210-16 in a standalone configuration, and to provide fan performance 
data for these fans.
    DOE seeks information on whether it is common practice for 
manufacturers of HVACR equipment that manufacture and incorporate fans 
into their equipment to test these fans in accordance with AMCA 214-21 
or AMCA 210-16 in a standalone configuration, and to provide fan 
performance data to their customers.
    DOE seeks comment on the estimates provided for the percentage of 
fans that are incorporated in HVACR equipment that are purchased by the 
HVACR equipment manufacturer vs. manufactured in-house.
    DOE seeks comment and input regarding any physical features that 
could be used to distinguish a fan that is exclusively designed for use 
in equipment listed in Table III-8 of this document.
    DOE seeks comment on the proposed definition of ``exclusively 
embedded fan''.
4. Air Circulating Fans
    In the October 2021 RFI, DOE requested information regarding 
potential test procedures for fans and blowers, including air 
circulating fans, specifically air circulating fan heads (``ACFHs''), 
and requested feedback on definitions provided in AMCA 230-15 and on 
the scope of any potential test procedure for air circulating fans. 86 
FR 54412, 54414-54415. DOE described ACFHs as designed to provide 
concentrated directional airflow and consisting of a motor, impeller 
and guard for mounting on a pedestal, wall mount bracket, ceiling mount 
bracket, I-beam bracket or other mounting means. 86 FR 54412, 54414. 
DOE stated that ACFHs are different from ceiling fans, which are 
designed to circulate air rather than provide concentrated directional 
airflow; and as a result, ACFHs have lower diameter-to-maximum 
operating speed ratio (expressed in inches per revolutions per minute 
(``in/RPM'')) than ceiling fans. Id. Comments received related to 
definitions are discussed in section III.B.4 of this document. As 
discussed in section III.B.4, DOE proposes to define air circulating 
fans and related terms.
    AMCA commented in support of developing test procedures for ACFHs. 
AMCA recommended that for clarity, repeatability, and market 
confidence, DOE should harmonize with IEC 60879:2019 ``Comfort fans and 
regulators for household and similar purposes--Methods for measuring 
performance,'' and set a simple electrical-input-power threshold by 
excluding ACFHs less than 125 Watts (``W'') from a commercial and 
industrial ACFH test procedure. AMCA stated this would cover the vast 
majority of fans used in commercial and industrial applications and 
would exclude fans mostly used for residential applications. (AMCA, No. 
6 at p. 6) In addition, AMCA commented in support of developing a test 
procedure for additional categories of air circulating fans defined in 
AMCA 230-15 (i.e., personnel coolers, box fans, and table fans),\41\ 
using AMCA 230-15 as the basis for a test procedure and including fans 
of greater than or equal to 125 W electrical input power. AMCA also 
stated that, should DOE develop energy conservation standards for air 
circulating fans, all categories of circulating fans should be subject 
to the same efficiency standard and lower wattage scope limit. (AMCA, 
No. 6 at p. 6) AMCA commented that impeller diameter is not an 
appropriate criteria to use to delimit the scope of a potential test 
procedure for ACF, specifically for ACFHs. AMCA commented that typical 
impeller diameters for ACFHs offered for sale in the United States 
range from 12 inches to 36 inches; however, there is no practical 
reason that an ACFH with a diameter outside that range could not be 
manufactured and/or sold. AMCA stated that limiting the DOE test 
procedure to specific diameters could encourage the introduction of 
fans outside of the covered diameters into the marketplace. AMCA added 
that typical motor sizes range from \1/10\ hp to \2/3\ hp, with \1/10\, 
\1/8\, \1/4\, \1/3\, \1/2\, and \2/3\ hp being the most common; but 
because there is no mandated test procedure and reporting requirements, 
fan electrical-input-power data is not readily available for the 
majority of ACFHs and cannot be estimated using the motor horsepower. 
AMCA commented that ACFH motors typically are loaded above their 
nameplate horsepower, such that simply multiplying the published hp by 
the conversion factor of 746 Watts per hp and dividing by a nominal 
motor efficiency does not provide a useful input-power estimate. (AMCA, 
No. 6 at p. 7) AMCA stated that IEC 60879:2019 covers additional 
product classes, such as ``tower fans'' and ``bladeless fans'' and that 
these categories of fans should be excluded from the test procedure. 
(AMCA, No. 6 at p. 6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \41\ AMCA 230-15 defines ``personnel cooler'' as a fan used in 
shops, factories, etc., generally supplied with wheels or casters on 
the housing or frame to aid in portability, and with motor and 
impeller enclosed in a common guard and shroud; ``box fan'' as a fan 
used in an office or residential application and having the motor 
and impeller enclosed in an approximately square box frame having a 
handle; and ``table fan'' as a fan intended for use on a desk, table 
or countertop, and which may also be provided with the means for 
mounting to a wall. See Sections 5.1.2 through 5.1.5 of AMCA 230-15.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC commented that additional categories of air 
circulating fans other than ACFHs, such as personnel coolers, box fans, 
and table fans, meet the definition of ``fan and blower'' and thus 
should be included in the test procedure. ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC added that 
these additional air circulating fan categories are covered in the 
existing AMCA 230-15 test procedure for air circulating fans, such that 
it is feasible to include them within the scope of the DOE test 
procedure. ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC commented that generally, air circulating 
fans are fans used to circulate air within a confined space for use in 
agriculture, manufacturing, etc. and estimated the total global market 
for all fans and blowers to be approximately $20 billion, while 
agricultural ventilation, a major market for air circulating fans, is 
expected to reach $1.3 billion by 2027. ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC commented 
that establishing standardized DOE test procedures and efficiency 
ratings for air circulating fans will ensure that purchasers have 
access to comparable information about efficiency, enabling informed 
purchasing decisions. (ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC, No. 7 at p. 1) ASAP, ACEEE, 
NRDC supported limiting the definition of air circulating fans to input 
powers of 125 W and above, stating that this would be consistent with 
IEC 60879:20195 and fan standards in the European Union. ASAP, ACEEE, 
NRDC added that a minimum input power cut-off of 125 W is sufficient to 
reasonably distinguish air circulating fans that are to any significant 
extent distributed in commerce for industrial or commercial use. (ASAP, 
ACEEE, NRDC, No. 7 at p. 2)
    The CA IOUs recommended that DOE regulate all commercial air 
circulating fans not currently covered, which could be defined as 
having a minimum power draw threshold such as 125 W. Additionally, the 
CA IOUs stated that personnel and agricultural fans that have solid 
housings or that may not meet the diameter-to maximum

[[Page 44210]]

operating speed ratio \42\ should be regulated, but are not considered 
ACFHs. The CA IOUs further commented that there is support by the 
industry to regulate all commercial air circulating fans, and they 
recommended that DOE undertake an additional rulemaking(s) to cover 
them. (CA IOUs, No. 9 at p. 3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \42\ As discussed in section I.A.4 of this document, ACFH have a 
maximum diameter-to maximum operating speed ratio of 0.06 inches per 
rotations per minute (``in/RPM'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    NEEA recommended that DOE consider evaluating efficiency standards 
and test procedures for additional categories of air circulating fans, 
such as industrial personnel coolers, box fans, and table fans that 
meet the definition of circulating fan. NEAA stated that the RFI 
focused primarily on ACFHs, and that other, non-ceiling categories of 
air circulating fans such as industrial personnel coolers, box fans, 
and table fans fall within the definition of a ``fan'' as defined in 
the final determination published on August 19, 2021. NEEA asserted 
that DOE has the authority to develop an efficiency standard for these 
types of equipment. NEEA supports the development of efficiency 
standards and test procedures for these industrial equipment categories 
and recommended that DOE consider regulating other fans listed in AMCA 
230-15 under the same standard and utilize the same test procedure. 
NEEA additionally commented that with this scope expansion, DOE has the 
potential to influence the market towards more efficient technologies 
where possible and could realize significant energy savings for these 
equipment categories. (NEEA, No. 11 at p. 2)
    MEP recommended that the definition for an ACFH should include a 
requirement for polyphase electric current with a fan shaft power 
greater than 3 hp, to avoid including ``residential fans'' in 
regulations and to align ACFHs with the upper limit of the small 
electric motors hp range as presented in Sec.  431.446(a). (MEP, No. 5 
at p. 1)
    In response to an energy conservation standards RFI published on 
February 8, 2022 (``February 2022 ECS RFI''; 87 FR 7048), ASAP, ACEEE, 
NRDC, and NEEA stated that, should very small-diameter (``VSD'') 
ceiling fans not be included in the scope of the ongoing ceiling fan 
rulemaking, DOE should cover them as ACFHs under the fans and blowers 
rulemaking. These commenters supported this by stating that, since the 
diameter-to-maximum operating speed ratios of VSDs are often less than 
0.06, they would not qualify as ceiling fans according to the ceiling 
fan definition in the proposed ceiling fan scope, but would qualify as 
ACFHs. They also commented that VSDs and ACFHs have similar physical 
characteristics. (Docket No. EERE-2022-BT-STD-0002, ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC, 
and NEEA, No. 6 at pp. 2-3)
    In response to the February 2022 ECS RFI, ebm papst stated that fan 
airflow rate can be reliably determined for air circulating fans using 
the AMCA 230 testing method, particularly for air circulating fans with 
an input power greater than 125 W. (Docket No. EERE-2022-BT-STD-0002, 
ebm-papst, No. 8 at p. 2)
    AMCA 230-15 (with errata) does not include any limitation in terms 
of input power of the air circulating fans that can be tested in 
accordance with the test procedure. The AMCA committee is considering 
limiting the scope of AMCA 230-15 (with errata) to air circulating fans 
with input power of 125 W and above to focus on commercial and 
industrial fan applications and exclude residential fans such as tower 
fans and bladeless fans.
    DOE has tentatively determined that the proposed test procedure 
would provide a representative measurement of energy use or energy 
efficiency during a representative average use cycle for all air 
circulating fans as defined as proposed in section III.B.4 of this 
document. Therefore, at this time, DOE proposes to include all 
categories of air circulating fans in the scope of the proposed test 
procedure; i.e., including equipment with input power less than 125 W. 
Should DOE identify additional information to justify excluding fans 
with input power less than 125 W from the scope (or any other power 
limit that may be justified), DOE may consider applying a power limit 
in the final rule as considered by the AMCA committee and supported by 
stakeholders. In addition, DOE may consider specifying that the 125 W 
corresponds to the air circulating fan's input power at maximum speed.
    MEP recommended that the scope of a DOE test procedure should only 
include products exclusively used to move air. MEP commented that 
products that perform additional combustion, humidification, 
dehumidification, heating, or cooling functions should be excluded from 
this test procedure. MEP added that the rationale for this 
recommendation is found in the foreword of AMCA 214-21, which states, 
``AMCA Standard 214 primarily is for fans that are tested alone or with 
motors and drives; it does not apply to fans tested embedded inside of 
other equipment''. MEP also stated that fans used in supplementary 
electric heater products and portable electric heaters should also be 
excluded from the fan regulations, asserting that any inefficiencies of 
supplementary electric heater products and portable electric heaters 
would serve to provide heat to a space in addition to that which is 
supplied by a primary electric heater.\43\ (MEP, No. 5 at p. 2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \43\ MEP referenced Direct Heating equipment rulemakings: 85 FR 
77017 and 86 FR 20053.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE's proposed test procedure for air circulating fans, if 
finalized, would apply to the equipment that meets the definition of 
fan and blower. The air circulating fan would be tested in a standalone 
configuration (i.e., not incorporated inside other equipment) in 
accordance with the proposed DOE test procedure, which would be based 
on AMCA 214-21.
    DOE requests comments on the proposed scope of applicability of the 
test procedure for air circulating fans.
5. Non-Electric Drivers
    Some fans operate with non-electric drivers, such as engines or 
generators, and such fans may be used in non-stationary applications or 
stationary applications. The Working Group recommended that DOE exclude 
fans that are exclusively powered by internal combustion engines from 
the test procedure and related energy conservation standards. (Docket 
No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; No. 179, Recommendation #2, at p. 2)
    AMCA 214-21 does not provide for the testing of fans and blowers 
powered by internal combustion engines. In order to measure the energy 
efficiency or energy use the energy performance of non-electric drivers 
during a representative average use cycle, separate test methods would 
be necessary for each type of driver (e.g., engine, generators). DOE is 
not currently aware of a relevant industry test procedure and does not 
have information regarding the test set-up required to test fans 
powered by internal combustion engines. As such, DOE is not proposing 
test procedures for fans and blowers powered exclusively by an internal 
combustion engine at this time, regardless of whether such fan or 
blower is used in a stationary or non-stationary application.
    Certain bare-shaft fans can be powered by either electric drivers 
(i.e., motors) or non-electric drivers. DOE has tentatively determined 
that to the extent that such a fan is powered by an electric driver, 
the proposed test procedure would provide for measurement of the energy 
efficiency or energy use the

[[Page 44211]]

energy performance of non-electric drivers during a representative 
average use cycle when powered by an electric driver. As such, DOE is 
proposing that such a fan would be subject to the proposed test 
procedure.
    DOE requests comment on excluding fans and blowers that are 
exclusively powered by internal combustion engines from the scope of 
this test procedure and associated energy conservation standards.
    DOE requests feedback and information on the physical features that 
would help distinguish fans and blowers that are exclusively powered by 
internal combustion engines from other fans and blowers.
6. Replacement Parts
    The Working Group did not address the issue of replacement parts in 
the term sheet. (Docket EERE-2013-BT-TP-0055; No. 179, Appendix F at p. 
19).
    Clarage commented that no exemptions should be made for replacement 
parts. (Docket EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; Clarage, Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 161 at p. 43) The CA IOUs commented that no exemptions 
should be made for replacement fans (Docket EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; CA 
IOUs, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 163 at p. 185)
    ebm-papst commented that replacements for identical fan models that 
are not compliant should be exempt from the regulation for no more than 
5 years. (Docket EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; ebm-papst, No. 152 at p. 3)
    Several stakeholders commented that replacement fans for fans 
embedded in larger pieces of equipment should be exempted from the test 
procedure and energy conservation standard rulemaking. Ingersoll Rand/
Trane commented that replacement fans used as components should be 
exempted. Ingersoll Rand/Trane stated that replacement fans under the 
new regulation may not be suitable for the existing equipment, and thus 
replacement of the equipment may be required in order for the fan to 
comply. In addition, Ingersoll Rand/Trane expressed safety concerns 
that could arise from using replacement fans on existing equipment that 
serves applications such as combustion air, or heating applications. 
(Docket EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; Ingersoll Rand/Trane, No. 153 at p. 5) 
AHRI commented that replacement fans for fans embedded in equipment 
made before the compliance date should be exempt because the life of 
the equipment is longer than the life of the fan. In addition, AHRI 
noted that most replacement fan parts are supplied from the original 
equipment manufacturers and are not sold in a testable configuration; 
therefore the exemption of replacement fans is unlikely to create 
enforcement loopholes. (Docket EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; AHRI, No. 158 at 
p. 7)
    AMCA commented that no consensus was obtained amongst AMCA's 
membership regarding an approach for replacement fans. (Docket EERE-
2013-BT-TP-0006; AMCA, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 164 at p. 325) In 
response to the October 2021 RFI, AHRI and Morrison commented that the 
scope of any fan regulation should be limited to standalone fans and 
should recognize the utility of replacement parts. These commenters 
stated that HVACR and water heating equipment are built, tested, rated, 
and certified as a completed design, which is reliant upon a specific 
set of components, and that modifying these components changes the 
performance of the equipment. AHRI and Morrison also commented that in 
many cases, such as supply air fans for gas fired heat exchangers, hot 
water coils or electric resistance units, there are a variety of 
equipment safety and performance standards affected by the precisely 
engineered fan performance. AHRI and Morrison stated that if a 
replacement fan is made non-compliant because of new regulations, the 
continued safe use of the system would be called into question and the 
negative consequences could be catastrophic. (AHRI, No. 10 at p. 3; 
Morrison, No. 8 at p. 2) Morrison commented that replacement parts used 
in HVAC equipment should therefore be out of scope for safety reasons. 
(Morrison, No. 8 at p. 2)
    As discussed, fans and blowers as defined consist of an impeller, a 
shaft and bearings and/or driver to support the impeller, as well as a 
structure or housing. They may include a transmission, driver, and/or 
motor controller. The proposed test procedure would apply to the fan 
and blower as complete equipment (i.e., inclusive of all the parts 
listed in the definition) and not to a single component of the fan 
(e.g., the impeller alone). DOE proposes to include all fans and 
blowers that: (1) meet the criteria for scope inclusion as described in 
section III.A.1 of this document, and (2) are not proposed for 
exclusion as listed in section III.A.2 of this document or Table III-8 
of this document, regardless of whether that fan is a replacement fan. 
DOE is not proposing to include fan parts (e.g., impeller, housing) in 
the scope of the test procedure, as such components do not meet the 
definition of fan and blower. At this time, DOE is not proposing energy 
conservation standards for fans and blowers, and the proposed test 
procedure would not impact the availability of current models. The 
proposed test procedure, if final, would not set any energy 
conservation standards and would not result in any non-compliant fans.

B. Definitions

    This section discusses DOE's proposed definitions for specific 
terms used in the proposed test procedure.
1. Fan and Blower Categories
    DOE proposes to define several fan and blower categories to support 
the scope proposals described in section III.A of this document.
    As previously discussed, the classification of fans and blowers 
recommended by the Working Group for coverage under a test procedure 
and the corresponding terms and definitions in AMCA 214-21 and in the 
CEC proposed regulations are presented in Table III-1 of this document. 
The CEC definitions are similar to the AMCA 214-21 definitions. The 
inclusion of additional language in the CEC definitions to indicate a 
fan's intended application or whether a fan's inlet or outlet is 
(optionally, as relevant) ducted is informative, but does not further 
distinguish the terms. In addition, for axial panel fans, the CEC 
definitions specifies that the housing is typically mounted to a wall 
separating two spaces, and the fans are used to increase the pressure 
across this wall. Inlets and outlets are not ducted.
    DOE proposes to utilize the terminology and definitions specified 
in AMCA 214-21 to define the categories of fans and blowers proposed in 
the scope of applicability of the test procedure and tested using AMCA 
210-16 as follows: (1) axial inline fan; (2) centrifugal housed fan; 
(3) centrifugal unhoused fan; (4) centrifugal inline fan; (5) radial-
housed fan; and (6) PRVs. (See Table III-1 of this document). DOE 
proposes to modify the definition of axial panel fan as provided in 
AMCA 214-21 to distinguish these fans from air circulating axial panel 
fans.\44\ The addition in the CEC definitions specifies that axial 
panel fans are typically mounted to a wall separating two spaces, and 
the fans are used to increase the pressure across this wall. This 
description distinguishes axial panel fans from axial air circulating 
panel fans, which do not have provisions for connection to ducting or 
separation of the fan inlet from its outlet. However,

[[Page 44212]]

the CEC distinction is based on how the fan is installed. Instead, DOE 
proposes to rely on physical features and to define axial panel fans as 
follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \44\ The AMCA 214-21 and CEC definitions for these terms appear 
in Table III-1 of this document.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Axial panel fans means an axial fan, without cylindrical housing, 
that includes a panel, orifice plate, or ring with brackets for 
mounting through a wall, ceiling, or other structure that separates the 
fan's inlet from its outlet.
    In addition, to support the exclusions proposed in section III.A.2 
of this document, and clarify which fans would fall under the proposed 
exclusions. DOE proposes a definition of ``safety fan'', as discussed 
in section III.B.3 of this document. DOE also proposes to adopt 
definitions of the terms ``induced flow fan'' and ``jet fan'' as 
established in AMCA 214-21. In addition, DOE proposes to define 
``cross-flow fan'' as defined in AMCA 208-18. See section III.A.2 of 
this document.
    DOE requests comment on the definitions proposed for the following 
fan categories: (1) axial inline fan; (2) axial panel fan; (3) 
centrifugal housed fan; (4) centrifugal unhoused fan; (5) centrifugal 
inline fan; (6) radial-housed fan; and (7) PRVs, consistent with AMCA 
214-21. If any of the definitions are not appropriate, DOE seeks input 
on how they should be amended and why.
    DOE seeks input and comments on the proposed definitions of (1) 
induced flow fan, (2) jet fan, and (3) cross-flow fan consistent with 
AMCA 214-21 and AMCA 208-18. If any of the definitions are not 
appropriate, DOE seeks input on how they should be amended and why.
2. Basic Model
    The basic model concept allows manufacturers to group like models 
for the purpose of making representations of energy efficiency and/or 
energy use, including for the purpose of demonstrating compliance with 
DOE's energy conservation standards to the extent DOE has established 
such standards. The concept of basic model may allow manufacturers to 
reduce the amount of testing they must do to rate the energy use or 
efficiency of their product. DOE's current regulations provide 
equipment-specific basic model definitions, which typically state that 
models within the same basic model group have ``essentially identical'' 
energy or water use characteristics; as well as a general definition 
that provides (with some exceptions noted in the regulatory text) that 
a basic model means ``all units of a given type of product (or class 
thereof) manufactured by one manufacturer, having the same primary 
energy source, and which have essentially identical electrical, 
physical, and functional characteristics that affect energy 
consumption, energy efficiency, water consumption, or water 
efficiency.'' See for example 10 CFR 430.2; 431.62, 431.152, 431.192, 
431.202, 431.222, and 431.292.
    DOE proposes to add a definition of basic model specific to fans 
and blowers that specifies a ``basic model'' as ``all units of fans and 
blowers manufactured by one manufacturer, having the same primary 
energy source, and having essentially identical electrical, physical, 
and functional (e.g., aerodynamic) characteristics that affect energy 
consumption.''
    Fan and blower manufacturers may offer for sale the same bare shaft 
fan assembled, packaged, or integrated with different motor, 
transmission, and control combinations. Based on DOE's proposed basic 
model definition, the same bare shaft fan, sold with different 
combinations of motor, transmission, and controls (or as a bare shaft 
fan) could be grouped under the same basic model. In addition, fan 
manufacturers would be able to elect to group similar individual fan 
models within the same basic model under the same ratings to reduce 
testing burden, provided that all representations regarding the energy 
use of fans within that basic model are identical and are based on the 
most consumptive unit. See 76 FR 12422, 12428-12429 (March 7, 
2011).\45\ Manufacturers would have the option to certify separate 
ratings for each combination of bare shaft fan, motor, transmission 
and/or control in order to make separate representations of the 
performance of each specific combination.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \45\ These provision would allow manufacturers to group 
individual models with essentially identical, but not exactly the 
same, energy performance characteristics into a basic model to 
reduce testing burden. Under DOE's certification requirements, all 
the individual models within a basic model identified in a 
certification report as being the same basic model must have the 
same certified efficiency rating and use the same test data 
underlying the certified rating. The March 7, 2011, final rule also 
established that the efficiency rating of a basic model must be 
based on the least efficient or most energy consuming individual 
model (i.e., all individual models within a basic model must be at 
least as energy efficient as the certified rating). 76 FR 12422, 
12428-12429.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In view of the substantial number of fans that could be subject to 
an individual certification requirement for each basic model, the 
Working Group discussed various options to reduce the burden of 
certification when the basic models only differed in terms of a single 
bare shaft fan feature, e.g., number of blades on the impeller, wheel 
width, or pitch angle as opposed to a different motor, transmission or 
control combination. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 162 at pp. 24-63. One option discussed was to only 
require testing and certifying a fan model based on a single value or 
setting of the bare shaft fan feature, and only publishing one rating 
for that fan model, without differentiating for the variations in the 
given bare shaft fan feature. However, because this would provide 
inaccurate performance information, this option was not further 
considered. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; Public Meeting 
Transcript, No. 162, at pp. 45-46)
    A second option that was discussed was to require that 
manufacturers certify a limited number of basic models and provide DOE 
with a mathematical formula to enable interpolating results for non-
certified models. However, because these formulas can be proprietary 
algorithms, this option was not further considered. (Docket No. EERE-
2013-BT-STD-0006; Public Meeting Transcript, No. 162 at p. 38 and at p. 
48)
    A third option that was discussed was to require manufacturers to 
certify a limited number of basic models and to provide DOE with a 
statement that all other fan variations based on changing one of the 
bare shaft fan's features was also compliant. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-
STD-0006; Public Meeting Transcript, No. 162 at pp. 48, 61) For 
example, a manufacturer would be required to certify one basic model at 
the feature-setting corresponding to the highest energy consumption and 
to submit to DOE a statement certifying that all other fan variations 
based on changing that one feature were also compliant. Another example 
would be to require manufacturers to certify the bounds of a range, for 
example maximum and minimum impeller width, and submit a statement that 
any fan model in between would be compliant. Under this option, 
manufacturers would still be allowed to make representations of the FEP 
and FEI of the non-certified basic models. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-
STD-0006; Public Meeting Transcript, No. 162 at p. 61)
    A fourth option discussed was to allow manufacturers to be able to 
submit an executable version of their selection programs to DOE for 
certification instead of submitting a separate compliance statement and 
certification report for each individual basic model, or variation of a 
basic model which would constitute a new basic model. In addition, 
because all manufacturers may not have a selection software, the 
Working Group discussed that the equivalent alternative would be to 
have to submit individual

[[Page 44213]]

certification statements and reports for each individual basic model 
and any of their variations that would constitute a new basic model. 
Test results for each basic model would need to be provided in a 
tabular format, with the possibility of replacing the tabular format by 
equations providing equivalent results (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-
0006; Public Meeting Transcript, No. 162, at pp. 62-77)
    This fourth and last option was the one recommended by the Working 
Group. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; No. 179, Recommendation #26, 
at p. 13) Specifically, AMCA recommended that DOE use a process similar 
to the Electronic Catalog Checking System (referred to as ``ECAT'') 
used by AMCA to check the validity of fans offered for sale in 
manufacturer selection programs. AMCA suggested that DOE use ECAT or a 
comparable system to evaluate selection software that represents what 
manufacturers offer for sale. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; AMCA, 
No. 168 at p. 2) AMCA added that their members are especially concerned 
with how manufacturers would certify fans with partial-width wheels and 
reiterated that their preference is to allow submission of selection 
software, or to tie each sale to a certified full width model with an 
AEDM to simplify certification of a modified certified fan after 
production. AMCA explained that very few partial-width wheel fans are 
likely to ever be produced twice, however, manufacturers offer them for 
sale using selection programs, displaying and documenting their 
performance to customers. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; AMCA, No. 
169 at p. 5)
    Some manufacturers may distribute in commerce a fan model that can 
be ``configured.'' For example, an adjustable-pitch axial fan of a 
given size may be offered at 30 different blade pitches. Similarly, a 
centrifugal fan of a given size may be offered in small increments of 
impeller widths and impeller diameters without changing the housing 
size. As each blade pitch angle is a variation of the same fan model, 
DOE proposes that all blade pitches of a certain size adjustable-pitch 
axial fan may be represented as a single basic model.
    Similar to the approach taken for pumps for trimmed impellers (see 
81 FR 4086, 4092-4093 (January 26, 2016), DOE proposes that, for 
centrifugal fans, manufacturers represent efficiency at the full-
impeller width (i.e., 100 percent impeller width) and full-impeller 
diameter (i.e., 100 percent impeller diameter). Fan performance 
information is typically provided at 100 percent impeller width and 100 
percent impeller diameter in manufacturer product literature. 
Additionally, DOE proposes that all variations of a given full-size 
impeller width and full-size impeller diameter may be considered to be 
part of a single basic model represented by the fan with the full-size 
impeller width and full-size diameter. As such, DOE proposes to define 
``full-width impeller'' and ``full-diameter impeller'' as ``the maximum 
impeller width and the maximum impeller diameter with which a given fan 
basic model is distributed in commerce.'' The grouping of impeller 
diameter variation under the same basic model would not allow grouping 
of fans of different full-impeller size together. Rather, the proposal 
would capture small increments of impeller widths and impeller 
diameters (without changing the housing or structure of the fan). For 
example, if a manufacturer offers the same fan model in the following 
full-impeller sizes: 60, 70, 80, and 90 inches, each full-impeller size 
would constitute a separate basic model. However, a fan with an 
impeller trimmed to 69 inches could be grouped with the same 70-inch 
untrimmed fan.
    In summary, DOE proposes to define ``basic model'' as meaning ``all 
units of fans and blowers manufactured by one manufacturer, having the 
same primary energy source, and having essentially identical 
electrical, physical, and functional (e.g., aerodynamic) 
characteristics that affect energy consumption. In addition: (1) all 
variations of blade pitches of an adjustable-pitch axial fan may be 
considered a single basic model; and (2) all variations of impeller 
widths and impeller diameters of a given full-width impeller and full-
diameter impeller centrifugal fan may be considered a single basic 
model.''
    DOE believes this approach will address concerns expressed by 
commenters regarding the potentially large number of models that would 
need to be considered.
    DOE requests comment on the proposed definition of basic model, 
with respect to fans and blowers.
3. Safety Fans
    DOE proposes a definition of safety fan to support the exclusion 
for safety fans proposed in section III.A.2 of this document.
    In the energy conservation standards framework document published 
February 1, 2013, DOE presented a definition for safety fans, as 
follows: ``an axial or centrifugal fan designed for use in applications 
requiring extra safety measures, such as: (a) those designed to operate 
in potentially explosive atmospheres; (b) those designed for emergency 
use only, at short-time duty, with regard to fire safety requirements; 
(c) those designed specifically to operate where the temperature of 
gases being moved exceed 500 [deg]F; and (d) those designed for toxic, 
highly corrosive, or flammable environments with abrasive substances.'' 
(Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 1, at p. 9) This definition was 
based on the European Commission Regulation No. EU 327/2011.\46\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \46\ The definition from the European Commission Regulation No. 
EU 327/2011 is provided in Article 1, Section 3 of the European 
Commission Regulation No. EU 327/2011 which defines safety fans as 
(1) Fans designed specifically to operate in potentially explosive 
atmospheres; (2) Fans designed for emergency use only, at short-time 
duty, with regard to fire safety requirements; (3) Fans designed 
specifically to operate: (a) Where temperatures of the gas being 
moved exceed 100 [deg]C; (b) Where ambient temperatures for the 
motor, if located outside the gas airstream, driving the fan exceed 
65 [deg]C; (c) Where the annual average temperature of the gas being 
moved and/or the operating ambient temperature for the motor, if 
located outside the gas stream, are lower than -40 [deg]C; (d) In 
toxic, highly corrosive or flammable environments or in environments 
with abrasive substances. See eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/
TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32011R0327.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Working Group recommended to exclude safety fans and further 
included a recommended definition for these fans, consistent with the 
European definition as follows: fans designed for use in applications 
requiring extra safety measures, such as: (a) those designed to operate 
in potentially explosive atmospheres (``ATEX'' fans); \47\ (b) those 
designed for emergency use only, at short-time duty, with regard to 
fire safety requirements (e.g., smoke extraction fans, emergency 
reversible tunnel fans); (c) those designed specifically to operate 
where the temperature of gases being moved exceed 200 [deg]F; \48\ or 
(d) those designed for use in toxic, highly corrosive, or flammable 
environments [or in environments] with abrasive substances (e.g. NQ-
1).\49\ (Docket No. EERE-2013-

[[Page 44214]]

BT-STD-0006; No. 179, Recommendation #2, at p. 2; No. 179, Appendix D, 
at p. 17)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \47\ ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU covers equipment and protective 
systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres or 
``Atmosphere Explosive'' (``ATEX'').
    \48\ The temperature limit in the safety fan definition as 
written in the term sheet should have been of 200 [deg]C (392 
[deg]F), and not 200 [deg]F. As specified in the term sheet, the 
intent of the Working Group was to align the safety fan definition 
with the European definition. The limit of 200 [deg]C corresponds to 
``high temperature fans'' as defined in EN 12101-3:2002 ``Smoke and 
heat control systems. Specification for powered smoke and heat 
exhaust ventilators'', class F200 (resistant to 200 [deg]C during 20 
minutes) and to the ``T3'' temperature classification in NFPA 70 
(National Electrical Code, NEC) article 500 and 505.
    \49\ Fans for nuclear applications were discussed during the 
July 21, 2015 meeting of the Working Group. (Docket No. EERE-2013-
BT-STD-0006, No. 161, Public Meeting transcript, at p. 75) There was 
a typographic error in the public meeting transcript and the term 
sheet. The intent of ``NQ-1'' as written in the term sheet was to 
refer to nuclear fans and refers to ``NQA-1'' or fans that meet the 
requirements in American Society of Mechanical Engineering 
(``ASME'') NQA-1 certification program ``Quality Assurance 
Requirements for Nuclear Facility Applications.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    To help identify safety fans, the Working Group relied on the 
description of physical characteristics, third party testing, or third 
party verification terms such as ATEX and NQA-1 to identify nuclear 
fans. The Working Group stated that the definition recommended in 
appendix D may be subject to potential edits necessary to accomplish 
the same intent. Id.
    After publication of the term sheet, AMCA commented, with regard to 
safety fans, that fans for nuclear installations should be exempted 
from the rulemaking scope. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; AMCA, No. 
169 at p. 3). In addition, AMCA noted that Working Group members agreed 
that the high temperature limit for fans should be set at 200 [deg]C, 
rather than 200 [deg]F, which is the temperature limit in the term 
sheet. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; AMCA, No. 169 at p. 4).
    As discussed in section III.A.2 of this document, the exceptions to 
section 6.5.3.1.3 (``Fan Efficiency Requirements'') of ASHRAE 90.1-2019 
related to safety fans include: fans used for moving gases at 
temperatures above 482 [deg]F (equivalent to 250[deg]C); reversible 
fans used for tunnel ventilation; and fans that are intended to only 
operate during emergency conditions.
    The CEC has proposed the following definition of safety fan: (1) a 
fan that is designed and marketed to operate only at or above 482 
[deg]F (250 [deg]C); (2) a reversible axial fan in cylindrical housing 
that is designed and marketed for use in ducted tunnel ventilation that 
will reverse operations under emergency ventilation conditions; (3) a 
fan bearing an Underwriter Laboratories or Electric Testing 
Laboratories listing for ``Power Ventilators for Smoke Control 
Systems''; (4) an open discharge exhaust fan with integral discharge 
nozzles which develop or maintain a minimum discharge velocity of 3000 
feet per minute (``FPM''); (5) a fan constructed in accordance with 
AMCA type A or B spark resistant construction as defined in ANSI/AMCA 
Standard 99-16 Standards Handbook; (6) a fan designed and marketed for 
use in explosive atmospheres and tested and marked according to EN 
13463-1:2001 Non-electrical Equipment for Potentially Explosive 
Atmospheres; or (7) an electric-motor-driven- Positive Pressure 
Ventilator as defined in ANSI/AMCA Standard 240-15 Laboratory Methods 
of Testing Positive Pressure Ventilators for Aerodynamic Performance 
Rating.\50\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \50\ See CEC Docket No. 22-AAER-01, TN # 241950, Proposed 
regulatory language for Commercial and Industrial Fans and Blowers, 
at pp. 7-8.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Regarding item (1) of the CEC definition, the temperature limit in 
the CEC definition is 250 [deg]C, compared to 200 [deg]C recommended in 
the term sheet. This higher temperature aligns with the exceptions to 
Section 6.5.3.1.3 of ASHRAE 90.1-2019 ``Fan Efficiency Requirements,'' 
which excludes fans used for moving gases at temperatures above 482 
[deg]F (equivalent to 250[deg]C). Items (2), (3), (5),\51\ and (6) of 
the CEC definition describe fans that are used in explosive atmospheres 
or for smoke extraction. Item (4) of the CEC definition includes the 
minimum discharge velocity of 3000 FPM, which corresponds to the 
minimum safe discharge velocity per ANSI Z9.5-2012 ``Laboratory 
Ventilation,'' \52\ which describes fans that are used in laboratory 
environments. Finally, item (7) of the CEC definition, which relates to 
positive pressure ventilator fans, describes fans that are used 
(typically by firefighters) to remove heat and combustion products from 
a structure. Positive pressure ventilator fans are excluded from AMCA 
210-16 and are tested per AMCA 240-15, Laboratory Methods of Testing 
Positive Pressure Ventilators for Aerodynamic Performance Rating.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \51\ Fan applications with airstreams of explosive or flammable 
particles or gases require spark resistant construction in 
accordance with AMCA spark resistant specifications as described in 
ANSI/AMCA Standard 99-16 ``Standards Handbook''. Spark resistant 
construction is intended to prevent any two or more fan components 
from generating sparks within the airstream by rubbing or striking 
during operation. AMCA 99-16 defines three classes of spark 
construction resistant constructions: A, B and C, with level C being 
the ``entry level'' and level A offering the highest degree of spark 
resistance.
    \52\ ANSI/AIHA/ASSE Z9.5-2012, ``Laboratory Ventilation'' 
provides laboratory ventilation requirements and practices.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Based on a review of the existing industry and regulatory 
definitions of ``safety fan,'' DOE has tentatively determined that the 
definition proposed by the CEC is representative of the equipment 
considered ``safety fans''; i.e., fans that can operate at high 
temperatures, fans that are used in explosive atmospheres or for smoke 
extraction, fans that are used in laboratory environments, and fans 
used to remove heat and combustion products from a structure. 
Therefore, DOE proposes to adopt a definition in line with the 
definition proposed by the CEC with the following edits. Regarding item 
(1) of the CEC definition: DOE proposes not to include the term 
``only'' from ``a fan that is designed and marketed to operate only at 
or above 482 degrees Fahrenheit (250 degrees Celsius)'' because DOE has 
tentatively determined that a fan that can operate at or above a 
certain temperature can also operate below. Regarding item (4) DOE has 
tentatively determined that the definition of safety fans is equivalent 
to ``laboratory exhaust fans'' as defined in Section 3.52 of AMCA 214-
21: fans designed and marketed specifically for exhausting contaminated 
air vertically away from a building using a high-velocity discharge. 
DOE is considering replacing item (4) with ``laboratory exhaust fans'' 
and to define it in accordance with AMCA 214-21. DOE also reviewed item 
(6) and notes that the referenced industry standard is no longer 
current has been replaced. In 2008, the International Electrotechnical 
Commission System for Certification to Standards Relating to Equipment 
for Use in Explosive Atmospheres replaced EN 13463-1 by ISO 80079-36,'' 
Explosive atmospheres--Part 36: Non-electrical equipment for explosive 
atmospheres--Basic method and requirements''.\53\ The latest version of 
ISO 80079-36 is the 2016 edition. Therefore, DOE proposes to reference 
ISO 80079-36:2016, instead of EN 13463-1:2001. In addition, DOE notes 
that AMCA 230-15 is under review and DOE proposes to update the 
reference to the latest version of AMCA 230 available at the time of 
publication of the test procedure final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \53\ See www.intertek.com/blog/2019-03-14-hazloc/.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE requests comments on its proposed definition of safety fans. 
Specifically, DOE requests comments in whether item (4) of the CEC 
definition of safety fans is equivalent to ``laboratory exhaust fans'' 
as defined in Section 3.52 of AMCA 214-21.
4. Air Circulating Fans
    In the October 2021 RFI, DOE published a request for information 
regarding potential test procedures for fans and blowers, specifically 
for air circulating fans and ACFHs. 86 FR 54412. DOE noted that Section 
5.1 of AMCA 230-15 defines an ``air circulating fan'' as ``a non-ducted 
fan used for the general circulation of air within a confined space.'' 
86 FR 54412, 54414. Further, AMCA 230-15 classifies ACFHs as a category 
of air circulating

[[Page 44215]]

fans and defines ACFHs in Section 5.1.1 of AMCA 230-15 as follows: ``an 
assembly consisting of a motor, impeller and guard for mounting on a 
pedestal having a base and column, wall mount bracket, ceiling mount 
bracket, I-beam bracket or other commonly accepted mounting means.'' 
Section 5.1.1 of AMCA 230-15. DOE noted that Section 3.15 of AMCA 214-
21 defines the term ``circulating fan'' as ``a fan that is not a 
ceiling fan that is used to move air within a space that has no 
provision for connection to ducting or separation of the fan inlet from 
its outlet. The fan is designed to be used for the general circulation 
of air.'' Id. DOE also noted that AMCA 214-21 does not include a 
definition for ACFH. Id. DOE requested feedback on the definitions of 
air circulating fan and ACFHs as provided in AMCA 230-15, and of other 
categories of air circulating fans (i.e., personnel coolers, box fans, 
and table fans). 86 FR 54412, 54414.
    AMCA commented that it did not support using the AMCA 230-15 
definition of ``air circulating fan'' because it had been updated in 
AMCA 214-21. In addition, AMCA recommended adding ``air'' to the 
defined term (i.e., ``air circulating fan''). (AMCA, No. 6 at p. 3)
    In response to the February 2022 ECS RFI, ebm papst commented that 
the descriptions of the different types of ACFs in AMCA 230 were not 
intended to be used for delineating ACFs into different classes in DOE 
regulations. (Docket No. EERE-2022-BT-STD-0002, ebm-papst, No. 8 at p. 
2)
    Since the end of the comment period, the AMCA 230 committee \54\has 
been considering a revised definition of air circulating fan as 
follows: a fan that has no provision for connection to ducting or 
separation of the fan inlet from its outlet using a pressure boundary, 
operates against zero external static pressure loss, and is not a jet 
fan (as defined in AMCA 214-21).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \54\ A technical Committee was formed to review AMCA 230-15. For 
more information see https://www.cognitoforms.com/AMCA1/_230TechnicalCommitteeInvitation10132021.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE reviewed the definition of ``air circulating fan'' in AMCA 214-
21 and notes that the description of the intended application is 
unnecessary and may create confusion with the proposed ceiling fan 
definition, as discussed further in this section. In addition, as noted 
previously, DOE does not consider ceiling fans as fans and blowers, and 
therefore ceiling fans are not included as ``air circulating fans''. 
For this reason, DOE has determined that it is unnecessary to specify 
that an air circulating fan is not a ceiling fan within the definition 
of air circulating fan. DOE also reviewed the definition being 
considered by the AMCA 230 committee which adds the following terms '' 
using a pressure boundary'' and ``operates at zero static pressure'' to 
further specify that air circulating fans do not have any provision for 
connection to ducting or separation of the fan inlet from its outlet 
that would create a static pressure differential between the inlet and 
the outlet of the fan. In addition, DOE agrees that jet fans should be 
excluded as discussed in section III.A.2 of this document.
    Therefore, DOE proposes to define air circulating fan using the 
definition being considered by the AMCA 230 committee as it provides 
further specificity and proposes to define air circulating fans as ``a 
fan that has no provision for connection to ducting or separation of 
the fan inlet from its outlet using a pressure boundary, operates 
against zero external static pressure loss, and is not a jet fan.''
    Air circulating fans exist in different configurations depending on 
the impeller design (axial or centrifugal), presence or absence of a 
guard and/or housing, and the shape of the housing. As discussed, AMCA 
230-15 (with errata) includes the following equipment categories 
discussed in the remainder of this section: (1) ACFHs; (2) personnel 
coolers; (3) box fans; and (4) table fans.
    In response to the October 2021 RFI, AMCA commented that it does 
not support DOE using the AMCA 230-15 definition of ACFH because AMCA 
believes the definition seems insufficient to distinguish ACFHs from 
ceiling fans. AMCA additionally commented that because ACFHs can be 
sold with mounting kits for installation onto ceilings, I-beams, or 
other overhead structures, there is confusion in the industry as to 
whether they meet the statutory definition of ceiling fan. Instead, 
AMCA recommended adopting a modified ACFH definition as follows: ``An 
assembly consisting of a motor, impeller and guard for mounting on a 
pedestal having a base and column, wall mount bracket, ceiling mount 
bracket, I-beam bracket or other commonly accepted mounting means. ACFH 
do not have housings with solid walls, such as tubes, boxes or panels. 
An ACFH has a maximum value of diameter-to-maximum-operating-speed 
ratio (e.g., 0.06 inches per rotations per minute (``in/RPM'')) to 
distinguish ACFH from ceiling fans. ACFH are known by other names in 
the various industries in which they are used, including basket fan, 
horizontal-airflow fan, and stir fan''. AMCA suggested that the 
revisions would ensure the definition separates ACFHs from other types 
of air circulating fans and that including the maximum-value threshold 
of 0.06 in/RPM would separate ACFHs from ceiling fans. AMCA 
additionally commented that the suggested revisions further highlight 
alternative names for ACFHs used in industry. (AMCA, No. 6 at p. 4) 
AMCA also provided supporting analysis of the performance data of 178 
models of air circulating fan heads, all of which had a diameter-to-
maximum-operating-speed ratio less than 0.06 in/RPM, as recommended in 
the ACFH definition. (AMCA, No. 6 at p. 5)
    The CA IOUs recommended that DOE add the following sentence to the 
definition of ACFH to the existing definition in AMCA 230-15 to 
distinguish ACFHs from ceiling fans and other air circulating fans such 
as personnel and livestock coolers: ``ACFHs do not have housings with 
solid walls such as tubes, boxes, or panels. An ACFH has a maximum 
value of diameter-to-maximum operating speed ratio of 0.06 in/RPM (inch 
per revolution per minute)''. The CA IOUs explained that the addition 
would clarify that ACFHs are basket-type fans that do not have solid 
housings. (CA IOUs, No. 9 at pp. 1-2)
    NEEA commented in support of AMCA's analysis of the existing market 
and of using 0.06 in/RPM as the maximum value for ACFHs. (NEEA, No. 11 
at p.1)
    AHRI supported the explicit inclusion of ACFHs under fans and 
blowers, with modifications to the definition of ACFHs as recommended 
by AMCA. AHRI commented in support of AMCA's proposed additions to the 
ACFH definition to specify that an ACFH ``do(es) not have housings with 
solid walls, such as tubes, boxes or panels.'' AHRI commented that the 
inclusion of this text is important, stating that it not only helps 
define the product, but it also clearly fits within the scope of AMCA 
214-21. AHRI stated that AMCA 214-21 specifies that ``AMCA Standard 214 
primarily is for fans that are tested alone or with motors and drives; 
it does not apply to fans tested embedded inside of other equipment,'' 
and as such, that it is only necessary to regulate standalone fans. 
(AHRI, No. 10 at p. 2)
    MEP commented that broad definitions result in significant and 
undue burden on manufacturers that use any type of fan in any of their 
products, as those manufacturers have to evaluate each product against 
each proposed aspect of each step in the regulatory process. MEP 
recommended that DOE establish ACFH as a product

[[Page 44216]]

category of fans as defined at 10 CFR 431.172 with the following 
definition: ``ACFHs are fans powered by poly-phase electric current 
with a fan shaft power greater than 3 hp and which only provide 
concentrated directional airflow and where the construction consists of 
a motor, impeller, guard, and may include connections for mounting or 
support and which are exclusive of other covered products or fans 
embedded inside of other equipment or products.'' MEP commented that 
the definition of ceiling fan is obvious and exclusionary from an ACFH. 
MEP further stated that AMCA recognizes the definition of ``embedded 
fan'' in Section 3.25.4 of ANSI/AMCA 214-21 as ``a fan that is part of 
a manufactured assembly where the assembly includes functions other 
than air movement'' and recommended that DOE include this qualification 
in the Federal definition of ACFH to clarify the separation between 
ceiling fans and other products that use fans for purposes other than 
air circulation (e.g., combustion, humidification, dehumidification, 
heating, or cooling to name a few). (MEP, No. 5 at p. 1) .
    Since the end of the comment period, the AMCA 230 committee has 
considered a revised definition of ACFH, under the term ``ACFH, 
unhoused'' as follows: an air circulating fan without housing, having 
an axial impeller with a ratio of fan-blade span (in inches) to maximum 
rate of rotation (in revolutions per minute) less than or equal to 
0.06. The impeller may or may not be guarded.
    On December 7, 2021, DOE published a supplemental notice of 
proposed test procedures for ceiling fans. 86 FR 69544 (``December 2021 
Ceiling Fans SNOPR''). In the December 2021 Ceiling Fans SNOPR, DOE 
proposed a definition of ceiling fan that specifies the term 
``circulating air'' based on diameter-to-maximum operating speed ratio: 
a fan for ``circulating air'' is one with a ratio of fan blade span (in 
inches) to maximum rotation rate (in revolutions per minute) greater 
than 0.06. 86 FR 69544, 69551. To support this proposed definition, DOE 
performed an independent analysis and tentatively determined that ACFHs 
have a diameter-to-maximum operating speed ratio of less than or equal 
to 0.06 in/RPM. 86 FR 69544, 69550.
    ACFHs are air circulating fans without a housing (i.e., cylindrical 
housing, box housing, or panel). They have an axial impeller which is 
typically surrounded by a guard and are commonly called ``basket 
fans''. Therefore, the added specification of ``unhoused'' in the 
definition from the AMCA 230 committee is helpful to further 
distinguish these fans. DOE reviewed comments from stakeholders and has 
tentatively determined that the definition being considered by the AMCA 
230 committee would address stakeholder comments and would ensure that 
ACFH are distinguished from other types of fans and blowers and air 
circulating fans. Therefore, DOE proposes to define an unhoused ACFH as 
follows: ``An air circulating fan without housing, having an axial 
impeller with a ratio of fan-blade span (in inches) to maximum rate of 
rotation (in revolutions per minute) less than or equal to 0.06. The 
impeller may or may not be guarded. '' The 0.06 in/RPM threshold is 
appropriate to differentiate ACFHs from ceiling fans and aligns with 
the December 2021 Ceiling Fans SNOPR. In addition, the additional 
description of the absence of a housing would ensure that ACFHs are 
distinguished from other categories of fans and blowers and air 
circulating fans. Table fans would be included in the proposed 
definition of unhoused ACFHs.
    As previously noted, air circulating fans also come with housings. 
To describe air circulating fans with housings, the AMCA 230 committee 
is considering a definition of housed ACHFs as: an air circulating fan 
with an axial or centrifugal impeller, and a housing. DOE has 
tentatively determined that the definition considered by the AMCA 230 
committee accurately describes all categories of equipment that fall 
under housed ACFHs, therefore, DOE proposes to adopt the definition 
established by the AMCA 230 committee. The AMCA 230 committee is 
further considering establishing definitions for four categories of 
housed ACFHs, as follows: (1) an air circulating axial panel fan means 
an axial air circulating fan without a cylindrical housing or box 
housing that is mounted on a panel, orifice plate or ring (also 
commonly known as panel fan, cow cooler, livestock cooler); (2) a box 
fan means an axial air circulating fan without a cylindrical housing 
that is mounted on a panel, orifice plate or ring and is mounted in a 
box housing; (3) a cylindrical air circulating fan means an axial air 
circulating fan in a cylindrical housing that is not a positive 
pressure ventilator (``PPV'') (also commonly known as personnel cooler, 
barrel fan, drum fan, high velocity fan, portable cooler, thermal 
mixing fan, destratification fan, downblast fan); and (4) a housed 
centrifugal air circulator means a fan with a centrifugal or radial 
impeller in which airflow exits into a housing that is generally scroll 
shaped to direct the air through a single, narrow fan outlet (also 
commonly known as utility blower, loading dock fan, carpet dryer, floor 
fan).
    DOE reviewed additional air circulating fans with housing 
distributed in commerce and has tentatively identified four categories 
of air circulating fans based on the blade design (i.e., axial or 
centrifugal) and housing configuration (i.e., panel, box, cylindrical, 
or scroll shaped), matching the equipment segmentation considered by 
the AMCA 230 committee. In addition, as discussed in section III.B.3, 
DOE proposes to exclude PPVs and proposes to add this clarification 
when defining cylindrical air circulating fans. DOE has tentatively 
determined that the definitions considered by the AMCA 230 committee 
accurately describes the four categories of equipment that DOE 
identified as meeting the definition of housed ACFH. Therefore, DOE 
proposes to adopt the definitions of air circulating axial panel pan, 
box fan, cylindrical air circulating fan, and housed centrifugal air 
circulator as considered by the AMCA 230 committee, with the following 
clarifications: (1) DOE proposes to replace ``air circulating fan'' by 
``housed air circulating fan head'' to explicitly indicate that each of 
these fans are housed ACFHs; (2) replace the term ``circulator'' by '' 
circulating fan'' for consistency in terminology; (3) remove the 
examples of additional terms used commonly by industry. Personnel 
coolers (as defined in AMCA 230-15 (with errata)) would be included 
under the proposed cylindrical air circulating fan definition.
    In response to the February 2022 ECS RFI, the CA IOUs commented 
that DOE should include panel fans as ACFs and that panel fans are 
often used as ACFs for air circulation and cooling for residential, 
commercial, and agricultural spaces. They also stated that most of the 
ACFs in the Bioenvironmental and Structural System Lab (``BESS Lab'') 
database are panel fans. (Docket No. EERE-2022-BT-STD-0002, CA IOUs, 
No. 7 at p. 5-6) ebm papst recommended that the DOE test procedure 
should clearly state that basket fans (consisting of a motor, axial 
impeller, and a basket-style guard that partially or completely 
encloses the rotating parts) should be tested according to AMCA 230. 
(Docket No. EERE-2022-BT-STD-0002, ebm-papst, No. 8 at p. 2)
    As noted previously, DOE proposes to include axial panel air 
circulating fan as a category of housed ACFH. In addition, DOE notes 
that basket fans meet the

[[Page 44217]]

proposed definition of unhoused ACFH and would therefore be tested in 
accordance with AMCA 214-21, referencing AMCA 230-15 (with errata) and 
modifications proposed in this notice.
    For all definitions related to air circulating fans, DOE is aware 
that the revisions being considered by the AMCA 230 committee are 
subject to change and could further be revised in the next version of 
AMCA 230. Should the revised version of AMCA 230 publish prior to the 
publication of any DOE test procedure final rule, DOE intends, after 
considering stakeholder feedback received in response to the proposals 
in this document, to revise the definitions in line with the latest 
AMCA 230 standard, provided the updates in this standard are consistent 
with the definitions DOE is proposing in this NOPR or the updates are 
related to topics that DOE has discussed and for which DOE has 
solicited comments in this NOPR.
    DOE requests comment on the proposed definitions for air 
circulating fan and related terms.
5. Definitions Related to Heat Rejection Equipment
    As stated, DOE is proposing to exclude from the scope of the test 
procedure fans and blowers exclusively embedded in heat rejection 
equipment, specifically fans and blowers exclusively embedded in 
packaged evaporative open circuit cooling towers; evaporative field-
erected open circuit cooling towers; packaged evaporative closed-
circuit cooling towers; evaporative field-erected closed-circuit 
cooling towers; packaged evaporative condensers; field-erected 
evaporative condensers; packaged air-cooled (dry) coolers; field-
erected air-cooled (dry) cooler; air-cooled steam condensers; and 
hybrid (water saving) versions of such listed equipment that contain 
both evaporative and air-cooled heat exchange sections. The Working 
Group provided the following definitions for these equipment:
     Packaged evaporative open-circuit cooling tower: a device 
which rejects heat to the atmosphere through the direct cooling of a 
water stream to a lower temperature by partial evaporation;
     Evaporative field erected open-circuit cooling tower: a 
structure which rejects heat to the atmosphere through the direct 
cooling of a water stream to a lower temperature by partial 
evaporation;
     Packaged evaporative closed-circuit cooling tower: a 
device which rejects heat to the atmosphere through the indirect 
cooling of a process fluid stream in an internal coil to a lower 
temperature by partial evaporation of an external recirculating water 
flow;
     Evaporative field erected closed-circuit cooling tower: a 
structure which rejects heat to the atmosphere through the indirect 
cooling of a process fluid stream to a lower temperature by partial 
evaporation of an external recirculating water flow;
     Packaged evaporative condenser: a device which rejects 
heat to the atmosphere through the indirect condensing of a refrigerant 
in an internal coil by partial evaporation of an external recirculating 
water flow;
     Field erected evaporative condenser: a structure which 
rejects heat to the atmosphere through the indirect condensing of a 
refrigerant in an internal coil by partial evaporation of an external 
recirculating water flow;
     Packaged air-cooled (dry) cooler: a device which rejects 
heat to the atmosphere from a fluid, either liquid, gas or a mixture 
thereof, flowing through an air-cooled internal coil;
     Field erected air-cooled (dry) cooler: a structure which 
rejects heat to the atmosphere from a fluid, either liquid, gas or a 
mixture thereof, flowing through an air-cooled internal coil; and
     Air-cooled steam condensers: a device for rejecting heat 
to the atmosphere through the indirect condensing of steam inside air-
cooled finned tubes. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, 
Recommendation #2, at pp. 2-3)
    As discussed in of this document. DOE proposes to exclude fans 
exclusively embedded in heat rejection equipment, consistent with the 
recommendation of the Working Group. To support these exclusions, DOE 
proposes to adopt definitions of the terms used to specify the relevant 
heat rejection equipment. The proposed definitions are based on the 
recommendations of the Working Group. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-
0006, No. 179, Recommendations #2, at pp. 2-3)
    DOE requests comment on the proposed definitions related to heat 
rejection equipment.
6. Outlet Area
    The equations in Section A.2 of AMCA 208-18, discussed in section 
III.D.10 of this document, require determination of the fan outlet or 
discharge area. Section 5.5.4 of AMCA 230-15 (with errata), defines the 
discharge area as the area of a circle having a diameter equal to the 
blade tip diameter. DOE notes that this definition is only applicable 
to unhoused ACFHs as the discharge area of a housed ACFH is determined 
based on the surface area at the exit of the housing and is not based 
on the fan blade tip diameter. In contrast, Section 3.57 of AMCA 214-21 
provides the following definition of outlet area: the area in contact 
with the fan's outlet. AMCA 99-16 provides the following definitions of 
fan outlet and fan outlet area: (1) fan outlet means the plane 
perpendicular to the airstream at the outlet opening of the fan or the 
manufacturer-supplied evas[eacute] or diffuser; (2) fan outlet area 
means the gross inside area measured at the plane of the outlet 
opening. For a roof ventilator, it is the gross impeller outlet area 
for centrifugal types or the gross housing area at the impeller for 
axial types (see Section 0066 of AMCA 99-16).
    The AMCA 230 committee is considering revising the definition of 
discharge area to include housed ACFHs, and to replace the term 
``discharge area'' by ``fan outlet area'', which is a more commonly 
used term. In addition, the AMCA committee is considering adding 
diagrams to further clarify how the fan outlet area should be 
determined for housed ACFHs.
    In this NOPR, DOE is proposing a definition for fan outlet area 
specific to air circulating fans as (i.e., ``air circulating fan outlet 
area''): (1) for unhoused ACHFs, the area of a circle having a diameter 
equal to the blade tip diameter; (2) for housed ACFHs, the inside area 
perpendicular to the airstream, measured at the plane of the opening 
through which the air exits the fan.
    For fans and blowers other than air circulating fans, DOE notes 
that Annex H of AMCA 210-16 includes requirements for determining where 
the fan outlet area is measured for different fan categories and also 
references AMCA 99-16, which includes further diagrams to aid in the 
determination of the outlet area. DOE has tentatively determined that 
for fans and blowers other than air circulating fans, the current 
definition in AMCA 214-21 and the existing requirements in Annex H of 
AMCA 210-16 are sufficient to determine the outlet area and is not 
proposing edits. Should DOE receive comments that additional 
specifications are required, DOE may consider revising the definition 
of outlet area for fans and blowers other than air circulating fans.
    DOE requests comment on its proposed definition of air circulating 
fan outlet area. DOE additionally requests comment on whether the 
definition of outlet area for fans and blowers other than air 
circulating fans should be revised and, if so, how.

[[Page 44218]]

C. Industry Standards

    DOE's established practice is to adopt industry standards as DOE 
test procedures, unless such methodology would be unduly burdensome to 
conduct or would not produce test results that reflect the energy 
efficiency, energy use, water use (as specified in EPCA) or estimated 
operating costs of that product during a representative average use 
cycle. 10 CFR 431.4; 10 CFR part 430 subpart C appendix A section 8(c).
    The Working Group recommended that the test procedure for 
commercial and industrial fans:
    (1) For standalone (non-embedded) fans, be based on a physical test 
performed in accordance with the latest version of AMCA 210 (i.e., 
available at the time of publication of any test procedure final rule) 
(Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendation #7, at p. 
5); \55\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \55\ Currently the latest version of AMCA 210 is AMCA 210-16.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) Establish methods to determine the ``FEP'' either by: the 
direct measurement of the electrical input power to the fan, or by the 
measurement of the mechanical input power to the fan (i.e., a fan shaft 
power test, which captures the performance of the bare-shaft fan) and 
by applying default values (i.e., calculation algorithms) to reflect 
the additional motor, transmission, or motor controller energy use 
(Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendation #9, at pp. 
5-6); and \56\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \56\ A bare-shaft fan is a fan without a motor or any other 
drive.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (3) Allow the use of equations (``fan laws'') to determine the 
performance of a bare-shaft fan at a non-tested speed, based on the 
results of a test conducted at a different speed. (Docket No. EERE-
2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendation #17, at p. 10)
    The Working Group also recommended specific test set-up and minimal 
testable configurations to use for each fan category.\57\ (Docket No. 
EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendation #7, at p. 5)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \57\ AMCA 214-21 references AMCA 210-2016 as the physical test 
method to use for fans and blowers (except ACFHs). AMCA 210-16 
describes four fan test set-ups (or ``installation categories'') 
designated by a letter, depending on the ducting at the inlet and 
outlet of the fan. ``A'': free inlet, free outlet; ``B'': free 
inlet, ducted outlet; ``C'': ducted inlet, free outlet; and ``D'': 
ducted inlet, ducted outlet.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Working Group further made recommendations on calculation 
algorithms and reference values to use to represent the motor, 
transmission, and motor controller energy efficiency when testing a fan 
based on a fan shaft power test. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 
179, Recommendations #10 through #15, at pp. 6-9) Additionally, the 
Working Group recommended that embedded fans be tested in a standalone 
fan configuration (i.e., outside of the piece of equipment in which 
they are embedded). Because some components of embedded fans may not be 
removable without causing irreversible damage to the equipment, the 
Working Group recommended non-impeller components of the fan that are 
geometrically similar to the ones used by the fan as embedded in the 
larger piece of equipment be used to complete the fan testable 
configuration. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, 
Recommendation #8, at pp. 5-6) The Working Group also recommended 
calculating FEP as the ratio of the electrical input power of a 
reference fan (in this case, a fan that is exactly compliant with any 
future fan energy conservation standards) to the electrical input power 
of the actual fan for which the FEP is calculated, both established at 
the same duty point.\58\ In addition, the Working Group recommended 
using either static or total pressure \59\ to characterize the duty 
point of a fan and to calculate the associated reference FEP, depending 
on the fan category and the test set-up used.\60\ (Docket No. EERE-
2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendations #18, #19, at pp. 10-11) 
Finally, the Working Group recommended equations and default values to 
use when calculating the reference FEP of a fan at a given duty point. 
(Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendations #18 through 
#21, at pp. 10-12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \58\ A duty point is characterized by a given airflow and 
pressure and has a corresponding operating speed.
    \59\ Fan total pressure is the air pressure that exists by 
virtue of the state of the air and the rate of motion of the air. It 
is the sum of velocity pressure and static pressure at a point. If 
air is at rest, its total pressure will equal the static pressure.
    \60\ Depending on the fan category, the fan performance is 
represented using a test set-up with a ducted outlet (i.e., using 
total pressure) or a free outlet (i.e., using static pressure) to 
reflect typical usage conditions. Fans with ducts attached to the 
fan's outlet are typically selected based on their performance at a 
given airflow and total pressure, because both the static pressure 
and fan velocity pressure are available to overcome system 
resistance. However, fans with a free outlet are typically selected 
based on their performance at a given airflow and static pressure, 
because the velocity pressure cannot be used to overcome system 
resistance. The Working Group recommended using total pressure for 
some categories of fans (i.e., axial cylindrical housed fans, 
centrifugal housed fans, inline and mixed flow fans, and radial 
housed fans) and static pressure for others (i.e., panel fans, 
centrifugal unhoused fans, and PRVs).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Since the publication of the term sheet, AMCA has revised and 
developed test standards consistent with the recommendations of the 
Working Group:
     In September 2016, AMCA published AMCA 210-16, which 
updated ANSI/AMCA 210-2007, ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for 
Certified Aerodynamic Performance Rating'', to include a wire-to-air 
test method, which captures the performance of any motor, transmission, 
or motor controller present in the fan, in addition to the performance 
of the bare-shaft fan (i.e., a measurement of the FEP in kW), in 
addition to the previously existing methods for conducting laboratory 
tests to determine fan shaft power in hp, airflow in cubic feet per 
minute (``cfm''), pressure in inches of water gauge (``in. wg.''), and 
at a given speed of rotation in ``RPM''.
     In April 2017, AMCA published ANSI/AMCA Standard 207-2017 
``Fan System Efficiency and Fan System Input Power''. This publication 
provides calculation algorithms representing the performance of 
reference motors, transmissions, and motor controllers. These 
calculations can be directly applied to the results of a fan shaft 
power test in accordance with AMCA 210-16 to obtain the FEP of a fan at 
a given duty point.
     In January 2018, AMCA published ``AMCA 208-18''. This 
publication defines FEI as the ratio of the electrical input power of a 
reference fan to the electrical input power of the actual fan for which 
FEI is calculated, both established at the same duty point. It provides 
equations to calculate the FEP of a fan of as a function of airflow and 
pressure (either static or total depending on the fan category 
considered).
    Building on these test standards, AMCA developed a new AMCA 214-21 
test method which was approved by ANSI on March 1, 2021. AMCA 214-21 
combines provisions of AMCA 210-16, AMCA 207-17, and AMCA 208-18, as 
well as portions of AMCA 211-13 (R2018), ``Certified Ratings Program 
Product Rating Manual for Fan Air Performance'' (``AMCA 211-13''), into 
a single standard.\61\ Consistent with the recommendations of the 
Working Group, AMCA 214-21 provides methods to establish the FEP either 
by: (1) the measurement of the electrical input power to the fan (i.e., 
a ``wire-to-air'' test); or by (2) the measurement of the fan shaft 
power and the application

[[Page 44219]]

of calculation algorithms to reflect additional motor, transmission, or 
control energy use. In each case, the fan power measurements are 
performed in accordance with AMCA 210-16 or ISO 5801:2017, which is 
referenced in AMCA 214-21 as an equivalent test procedure to AMCA 210-
16. AMCA 214-21 also references laboratory test methods for additional 
categories of fans such as jet fans, circulating fans, and induced flow 
fans.\62\ Specifically, AMCA 214-21 references AMCA 230-15 \63\ as the 
industry test procedure to follow when conducting performance 
measurements on air circulating fans. In addition, AMCA 214-21 adds 
specific test instructions to ensure test repeatability and 
reproducibility. Specifically, AMCA 214-21 defines a single set of test 
set-ups that must be used when conducting a test to ensure 
comparability of results (See Table III-9). Further, AMCA 214-21 
specifies how to select the speed(s) and duty points at which to 
conduct the test, as well as which accessories to include in the test 
(See Table III-10).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \61\ AMCA 211-13 provides instructions on how to apply fan laws 
and on how to perform a test when establishing an AMCA-certified 
rating. Some of these instructions were revised and integrated in 
AMCA 214.
    \62\ AMCA 230-15, AMCA 250-12, ``Laboratory Methods of Testing 
Jet Tunnel Fans for Performance'', and AMCA 260-20, ``Laboratory 
Methods of Testing Induced Flow Fans for Rating'' for testing 
circulating fans, jet fans, and laboratory exhaust fans with induced 
flow.
    \63\ AMCA 230-15 provides methods for conducting laboratory 
tests to determine the performance characteristics of circulating 
fans including the FEP in W, speed in RPM, pressure in inches of 
mercury, airflow in cfm, thrust in pound force (lbf), efficacy in 
cfm/W, and overall efficiency in lbf/W.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Section 6.3.1 of AMCA 214-21 provides specific equations to be used 
for bare-shaft fans that can only accommodate a direct-drive 
transmission (i.e., fans that are directly coupled to the drive). (See 
DOE's request for comment at the end of this section requesting 
information on the physical features that could be identified to 
differentiate bare-shaft fans that can accommodate only a direct-drive 
transmission from other bare-shaft fans).
    AMCA 214-21 establishes the FEP metric, measured in kW, and the FEI 
metric.\64\ FEI is calculated as the ratio of the electrical input 
power of a reference fan (in this case, a fan with electrical input 
power calculated using the equations provided in Section 5 of AMCA 214-
21) to the electrical input power of the actual fan for which the FEI 
is calculated, both established at the same duty point. AMCA 214-21 
specifies different measurement methods to obtain the FEP and FEI of a 
fan depending on whether the fan includes a motor (polyphase regulated 
\65\ or not), transmission, or motor controller. (See Table III-10). 
The methods included in AMCA 214-21 are designed to provide flexibility 
and reduce test burden. Specifically, AMCA 214-21 includes methods to 
reduce the number of speeds at which the manufacturer performs a test:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \64\ As discussed, the FEI of a fan at a given operating point 
is a dimensionless index defined as the FEP (kW) of a theoretical 
reference fan divided by the FEP (kW) of the fan at the same 
operating point.
    \65\ AMCA 214-21 uses the term ``polyphase regulated motor'' to 
designate a three-phase motor regulated under 10 CFR 431.25.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     Annex G of AMCA 214-21 allows manufacturers to reduce the 
number of speeds selected for testing by applying an interpolation 
method that uses the results obtained at two tested speeds to calculate 
the FEP of a fan at a speed between the two tested speeds; and
     When establishing the FEP using a fan shaft power test and 
the calculations described in Sections 6.3, 6.4, and 6.5 of AMCA 214-
21, Annex E of AMCA 214-21 allows a reduction in the number of tests 
needed by allowing either: (1) an interpolation of test results between 
tested speeds (similar to what was previously described); or (2) use of 
fan laws \66\ to calculate the fan shaft power and corresponding 
airflow and pressure of a fan at a non-tested speed based on the 
results (e.g., fan shaft power at a given duty point) at a different 
speed.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \66\ When applying the fan laws, the results of a tested fan are 
used to calculate the fan shaft power of a non-tested fan at a 
higher speed or with a larger diameter than the tested fan. The fan 
laws are described in section E.1 of Annex E of AMCA 214-21.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    AMCA 214-21 also provides a number of provisions that may reduce 
the amount of required testing. Specifically, AMCA 214-21 provides:
     The same fan shaft power test can be used for combinations 
of the same bare-shaft fan and different motor, transmission, or motor 
controller. (See Section 6.3 of AMCA 214-21).
     A separate fan shaft power and motor test (with or without 
a motor controller) \67\ may be conducted. Methods for combining the 
results for both tests to calculate the FEP at a given duty point are 
provided (See Section 6.5 of AMCA 214-21).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \67\ AMCA 214-21 references additional industry test methods for 
motors (with or without a motor controller): Canada Standards 
Association (``CSA'') C747-09 (R2019), ``Energy efficiency test 
methods for small motors''; CSA C838-13 (R2018), ``Energy efficiency 
test methods for three-phase variable frequency drive systems;'' and 
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (``IEEE'') 112-
2017, ``IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors 
and Generators.'' See annex F of AMCA 214-21.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     Annex E of AMCA 214-21 uses fan laws to calculate the fan 
shaft power of a non-tested fan using results from a fan shaft power 
test of a fan with a smaller impeller diameter.
     Annex E of AMCA 214-21 also provides interpolation methods 
to calculate the fan shaft power based on two fan tests in which a 
single geometric feature (i.e., dimension) is varied. Examples include 
changes in axial fan blade pitch, or centrifugal fan blade width, as 
well as the distance from an impeller to a separating panel on fans for 
fan arrays. The interpolation method is applied between two fan tests 
at the same tested fan speed. The dimension for the calculated fan must 
be between the dimensions for the two tested fans.

                  Table III-9--AMCA 214-21 Test Configurations for Proposed In-Scope Fans and Blowers Using AMCA 210-16 and AMCA 230-15
                                                               [Table 7.1 of AMCA 214-21]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Required                                      Optional
         Fan configuration                Test standard     --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Test configuration *   FEI pressure basis **    Test configuration     FEI pressure basis
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Centrifugal housed.................  AMCA 210-16...........  B or D................  Total................  A or C...............  Static.
Radial housed......................  AMCA 210-16...........  B or D................  Total................  A or C...............  Static.
Centrifugal inline.................  AMCA 210-16...........  B or D................  Total................  A or C...............  Static.
Centrifugal unhoused...............  AMCA 210-16...........  A.....................  Static...............  N/A..................  N/A.
Centrifugal PRV exhaust............  AMCA 210-16...........  A or C................  Static...............  N/A..................  N/A.
Centrifugal PRV supply.............  AMCA 210-16...........  B.....................  Total................  A....................  Static.

[[Page 44220]]

 
Axial inline.......................  AMCA 210-16...........  D.....................  Total................  C....................  Static.
Axial panel........................  AMCA 210-16...........  A.....................  Static...............  N/A..................  N/A.
Axial PRV..........................  AMCA 210-16...........  A or C................  Static...............  N/A..................  N/A.
Circulating Fans...................  AMCA 230-15...........  E.....................  Total................  N/A..................  N/A.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Each letter corresponds to a test set-up described in Section 7.1 of AMCA 214-21. A: free inlet, free outlet; B: free inlet, ducted outlet; C: ducted
  inlet, free outlet; D: ducted inlet, ducted outlet.
** This indicates that reference FEP used in the FEI calculation is established using either static or total pressure as indicated in this table and as
  determined by the required test configuration.


                                                         Table III-10--AMCA 214-21 Test Options
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Test description (section 6 of AMCA                             Motor controller          Transmission                               FEP determination
              214-21)                 Driver configuration        configuration          configuration          Test speed(s)              method
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wire to air test at all speeds.....  Motor.................  With or without a       With or without        All speeds **........  Section 6.1 of AMCA
                                                              motor controller.       transmission.                                 214-21.
Wire to air test at selected speeds  Motor.................  With or without a       With or without        At least two speeds..  Section 6.2 of AMCA
                                                              motor controller.       transmission.                                 214-21.
Fan shaft power test for fans        None..................  With or without a       Without transmission.  At least one speed...  Section 6.3 of AMCA
 without a motor *.                                           motor controller.                                                     214-21.
Fan shaft power test for fans with   Electric motors         With a variable         Direct drive, V-belt   At least one speed...  Section 6.4 of AMCA
 a regulated motor *.                 subject to standards    frequency drive in      drive, flexible                               214-21.
                                      at 10 CFR 431.25.       accordance with         coupling, or
                                                              section 6.4.1.4 of      synchronous belt
                                                              AMCA 214-21 or          drive.
                                                              without a motor
                                                              controller.
Fan shaft power test and motor/      Motor.................  With or without a       Direct drive, V-belt   At least one speed...  Section 6.5 of AMCA
 motor and controls test *.                                   motor controller.       drive, flexible                               214-21.
                                                                                      coupling, or
                                                                                      synchronous belt
                                                                                      drive.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* With or without the use of interpolation or fan laws as provided in Annex E.
** All speeds for which FEP values are generated.

    The Petitioners suggested reliance on the FEP and FEI metrics and 
recommended that both metrics be derived using AMCA 214 (Docket No. 
EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, The Petitioners, No. 1.3 at pp. 5-7).
    In response to the April 2020 Notice of Petition for Rulemaking, 
AHRI, CTI, Daikin, and Lennox questioned the appropriateness of the 
AMCA 214 test standard, which was still under review with ANSI at the 
time the April 2020 Notice of Petition for Rulemaking was published 
(Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, AHRI, No. 14 at pp. 1-2; CTI, No. 11 
at p. 3; Daikin, No. 8 at p. 1; Lennox, No. 5 at p. 3). AHRI requested 
that DOE delay the establishment of a test procedure until after AMCA 
214 was final and published, stating that AHRI was working with AMCA to 
seek resolution on several technical issues. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-
PET-0003, AHRI, No. 14 at p. 2). As discussed, AMCA 214 was approved by 
ANSI on March 1, 2021. DOE reviewed the final version of AMCA 214-21 in 
the preparation of the October 2021 RFI.
    Daikin commented that the draft AMCA 214 test procedure was 
appropriate for fans distributed in commerce as standalone fans, but is 
not useful for fans embedded in equipment. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-
PET-0003, Daikin, No. 8 at p. 1).
    NEEA and NWPCC commented in support of establishing a test 
procedure for commercial and industrial fans and stated that the 
industry and efficiency advocates have collaboratively participated in 
developing AMCA 214. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, NEEA and NWPCC, 
No. 12 at p. 2). ASAP, ACEEE, and NRDC commented in support of 
establishing a test procedure for commercial and industrial fans and 
commented that AMCA incorporated input from a broad range of 
stakeholders in developing AMCA 214 (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, 
ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC, No. 7 at p. 1).
    Greenheck commented that a DOE test procedure based on AMCA 214 
would: accelerate the use of the FEI over Fan Efficiency Grade 
(``FEG'') \68\ in state and municipal energy codes and reduce 
manufacturer burden; reduce burden on consumers, designers, code 
officials, and manufacturers by preempting costly patchwork state and 
local fan test procedure regulations; help U.S. manufacturers compete 
internationally by minimizing the potentially disruptive and 
inconsistent regulations in Europe (EU ecodesign regulation for 
industrial fans No 327/2011); provide manufacturers with a more 
immediate return on investment through national demand for fans with a 
good FEI rating

[[Page 44221]]

rather than limited and sporadic demand from individual states and 
municipalities; and be consistent with the fan FEI requirements in 
ASHRAE 90.1-2019. In addition, Greenheck stated that this would align 
with the process used by DOE to regulate other equipment in ASHRAE 
90.1-2019 Tables 6.8.1-1 through 6.8.1-20 and would be useful to 
support future incentive programs based on FEI. Greenheck additionally 
commented that NEEA was developing an incentive program based on FEI. 
(Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, Greenheck, No. 6.1 at pp. 1-2).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \68\ FEG is a numerical rating that classifies fans by their 
aerodynamic ability to convert mechanical shaft power, or impeller 
power in the case of a direct driven fan, to air power. FEG applies 
to the efficiency of the fan only and not to the motor and drives. 
More efficient fan models have a higher FEG rating. See AMCA 
whitepaper available at www.amca.org/assets/resources/public/userfiles/file/Nospreads_FanEfficGrades.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Several interested parties also commented that a DOE test procedure 
based on AMCA 214 would provide a basis to assist customers and 
designers in making purchasing decisions and save energy by informing 
design decisions. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, NEEA and NWPCC, 
No. 12 at p. 1; ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC, No. 7 at p. 1; Johnson Controls, No. 
10 at p. 1). (See section III.F III.E for further discussion of these 
comments).
    In response to the October 20221 RFI, AMCA commented in support of 
the use of AMCA 214-21 and AMCA 230-15 as the basis for the test 
procedure with the caveat that AMCA 230-15 is entering a revision cycle 
and that DOE should refer to the latest version of AMCA 230. (AMCA, No. 
6 at p. 7) AMCA also stated that an erratum to AMCA 230-15 was 
published on the AMCA website \69\ in May 2021 and a copy was provided 
to DOE. AMCA also stated that references to ANSI/AMCA Standard 230-15 
generally mean ``ANSI/AMCA Standard 230-15 with errata.'' (AMCA, No. 6 
at p. 2) AMCA further commented that AMCA 230-15 will undergo a 
regularly scheduled periodic review and update in 2022 to maintain ANSI 
approval. AMCA commented that although AMCA is not expecting the 
physical test method to change in the next revision, the 2021 erratum 
will be integrated with the standard and improvements will be made to 
definitions as part of the standards revision process. AMCA recommended 
that DOE allow the ANSI/AMCA Standard 230 revision committee to 
complete its work so the new edition of the standard can be referenced 
in a DOE rulemaking involving ACFH. (AMCA, No. 6 at p. 2) AMCA stated 
that the majority of the market is single-speed, and recommended that, 
for regulatory purposes, only ``high speed'' should be required for 
compliance and check-testing. AMCA asserted that this approach would be 
more repeatable and reduce regulatory burden. AMCA stated that it 
generally understood that fans having two or more speeds are run at 
high speed in commercial and industrial environments, although AMCA did 
not have data to support its understanding. (AMCA, No. 6 at p. 8)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \69\ See www.amca.org/LDCF.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    NEEA recommended that DOE consider AMCA 214-21 to determine the 
efficiency of fans and blowers and AMCA 230-15 as the test procedure 
for ACFHs. NEEA commented that these procedures incorporate decisions 
made during the 2015 ASRAC working group, and thus have consensus from 
industry, advocacy and governmental organizations as procedures that 
reflect energy efficiency during a representative average use cycle and 
are not unduly burdensome to conduct. NEEA commented that they have 
supported the development of these test procedures and asserted there 
is momentum in the market for these procedures. NEEA further asserted 
that these test procedures represent the current best practice for 
defining and calculating the efficiencies of fans. NEEA stated that 
AMCA 230 will be in revision soon, and recommended that the new version 
of the standard be the basis for DOE's regulation once the standard is 
published. (NEEA, No. 11 at pp. 1-2)
    AHRI commented that ACFHs are standalone fans, with performance 
testing established appropriately using AMCA 230-15 and a FEI metric 
calculated using AMCA 214-21. (AHRI, No. 10 at p. 2)
    The CA IOUs recommended that DOE use the FEI metric from AMCA 214-
21 for ACFHs. (CA IOUs, No. 9 at p. 2)
    DOE is proposing to incorporate by reference AMCA 214-21 as the 
prescribed test method for evaluating the energy use of fans and 
blowers, with modifications discussed in section III.D of this 
document. AMCA 214-21 references AMCA 210-16 and AMCA 230-15 (with 
errata) as the physical test method, and further provides provisions 
for calculating the FEI. This industry-based test procedure, which is 
already used by industry and referenced by ASHRAE 90.1, can be applied 
to the range of fans and blowers proposed in scope, including air 
circulating fans. DOE also proposes to incorporate by reference AMCA 
210-16, ISO 5801:2017, and AMCA 230-15 (with errata) (or latest version 
available at the time of the any final rule),\70\ which are the 
physical test methods referenced in AMCA 214-21 for fans and blowers 
and air circulating fans. DOE has tentatively determined that AMCA 214-
21 provides a representative measurement of energy use or energy 
efficiency during a representative average use cycle for all fans and 
blowers in the proposed scope. The proposal to use AMCA 214-21 is 
consistent with the comments received from stakeholder and with the 
Working Group recommendations. Although NEEA commented in support of 
using AMCA 230-15 (with errata), DOE notes that AMCA 214-21 requires 
testing air circulating fans in accordance with AMCA 230-15.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \70\ DOE is aware that AMCA 230-15 is currently undergoing 
periodic review and may be revised in the future. Should a new 
version become available at the time of any final rule, DOE would 
incorporate by reference the latest available version of AMCA 230.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE is also aware that the AMCA 230 committee is currently 
reviewing AMCA 230-15 (with errata), to determine if any revisions are 
necessary. DOE understands that should the AMCA 230 committee make any 
changes to AMCA 230-15 (with errata), AMCA would publish a revised 
standard, potentially numbered as AMCA 230-22 (or AMCA 230-23, based on 
the publication year). DOE is participating in the AMCA 230 committee 
meetings to review and revise AMCA 230-15 (with errata). While this 
NOPR proposes to reference the requirements from AMCA 230-15 (with 
errata), it also discusses the revisions being considered by the AMCA 
230 committee. DOE requests comment on these revisions as well as any 
additional revisions under consideration by the AMCA 230 committee that 
are not discussed in this document. Should the revised version of AMCA 
230-15 (with errata), publish prior to the publication of any DOE test 
procedure final rule, DOE intends, after considering stakeholder 
feedback received in response to the proposals in this document, to 
incorporate by reference the latest version of AMCA 230, provided the 
updates in the final published standard are consistent with the 
provisions DOE is proposing in this NOPR, or the updates are related to 
topics that DOE has discussed and solicited comments on in this NOPR. 
The subsequent sections of this NOPR discuss each substantive change in 
AMCA 230-15 (with errata), that DOE proposes to incorporate into 
appendix B, as well as the updates being considered by the AMCA 230 
committee.
    Estimated costs for the proposed test procedure are discussed in 
section III.L of this document. DOE seeks information on whether, in 
general, AMCA 214-21, AMCA 210-16, and AMCA 230-15 (with errata) 
provide measurements which reflect energy efficiency or energy use 
during a representative average use cycle of the

[[Page 44222]]

fans and blowers (including air circulating fans) proposed to be in 
scope. If these standards would not provide such measurements, DOE 
seeks input on how it should be amended and why, and on any other 
industry test standard that would be more appropriate.
    DOE requests comment and supporting data on whether AMCA 214-21 and 
ISO 5801:2017 produce equivalent test results.
    DOE seeks information and data to assist in evaluating the 
repeatability and reproducibility of AMCA 214-21, AMCA 210-16, and AMCA 
230-15 (with errata). DOE seeks input on whether any changes to these 
standards are needed to increase its repeatability and reproducibility.
    DOE seeks information on whether changes to AMCA 214-21, AMCA 210-
16, and AMCA 230-15 (with errata) are needed to allow for the 
determination of more representative energy efficiency ratings, and any 
cost associated with a suggested change.
    DOE requests comment on the physical features that could be 
identified to differentiate bare-shaft fans that can accommodate only a 
direct-drive transmission from other bare-shaft fans.
    DOE requests comment on any additional revisions under 
consideration by the AMCA 230 committee that are not discussed in this 
document.

D. Proposed Adoption of the Test Procedure in AMCA 214-21 and 
Modifications to the Test Procedure

    As discussed previously, DOE is proposing to adopt through 
reference certain provisions of AMCA 214-21 as the prescribed test 
method for measuring the energy use and energy efficiency of fans and 
blowers.
    Specifically, for fans and blowers that are not air circulating 
fans, DOE proposes that testing be performed in accordance with the 
following sections of AMCA 214-21:
     Section 2 ``References'',
     Section 3 ``Definitions'',
     Section 4 ``Calculation of the FEI for a single duty 
point'',
     Section 5 ``Reference Fan Electrical Power 
(FEPref)'',
     Section 6.1 ``Wire-to-Air Testing at the Required Duty 
Point'',
     Section 6.2 ``Calculated Ratings Based on Wire to Air 
Testing'',
     Section 6.3 ``Bare Shaft Fans'',
     Section 6.4.1.1 ``Requirements for the fan'',
     Section 6.4.1.2 ``Requirements for the transmission'',
     Section 6.4.1.3 ``Requirements for the motor,
     Section 6.4.2 Calculation of FEPact'',
     Section 6.4.2.1 ``Calculation of transmission efficiency 
([eta]trans,act)'',
     Section 6.4.2.2 ``Calculation of actual motor output 
power'',
     Section 6.4.2.3 ``Motor efficiency if no VFD is 
included'',
     Section 7 ``Testing'',
     Section 8.1 ``Laboratory Measurement Only'',
     Section 8.2.1 ``Fan laws and other calculation methods for 
shaft-to-air testing'',
     Section 8.2.3 '' Calculation to other speeds and densities 
for wire-to-air testing ``,
     Annex D ``Motor Performance Constants (Normative)'',
     Annex E ``Calculation Methods for Fans Tested Shaft-to-
Air'',
     Annex G ``Wire-to-Air Measurement--Calculation to Other 
Speeds and Densities (Normative)'',
     Annex J ``Other data and calculations to be retained'', 
and
     Annex K ``Proportionality and Dimensional Requirements 
(Normative)''.
    For air circulating fans, DOE proposes that testing be performed in 
accordance with the following sections of AMCA 214-21:
     Section 2 ``References'',
     Section 3 ``Definitions'',
     Section 4 ``Calculation of the FEI for a single duty 
point'',
     Section 5 ``Reference Fan Electrical Power 
(FEPref)'',
     Section 6.1 ``Wire-to-Air Testing at the Required Duty 
Point'',
     Table 7.1 of Section 7 ``Testing'',
     Section 7.1. ``Test Configurations''
     Section 7.2 ``Setup Selection''
     Section 7.4 ``Run-in requirements''; and
     Annex J ``Other data and calculations to be retained''
    As proposed, the test procedure would provide methods to calculate 
the FEI and FEP of a fan at each of its duty points based on: (1) the 
fan electrical input measured by a wire-to-air test or, (2) the fan 
shaft input power measured by a shaft-to-air test (conducted in 
accordance with AMCA 210-16 or AMCA 230-15 (with errata), and the 
modifications proposed in this section), and the application of 
calculation algorithms to represents the performance of the motor. The 
test procedure would also provide methods to calculate the FEP or fan 
shaft input power at untested duty points, based on the performance of 
test duty points and interpolation methods, including the fan laws. The 
following sections discuss key elements of the proposed test procedure 
and proposed modification to AMCA 214-21.
1. Motor Efficiency Calculation
    For bare shaft fans and fans with an electric motor subject to 
energy conservation standards at 10 CFR 431.25 (``polyphase regulated 
motor''), Section 6.3 and 6.4 of AMCA 214-21 specify testing these fans 
using a shaft-to-air test (i.e., a test that does not include the motor 
performance). When conducting a shaft-to-air test, the mechanical fan 
shaft input power is measured and the FEP is then calculated by using a 
mathematical model to represent the performance of the motor (i.e., its 
part-load efficiency). The FEP is then used to calculate the FEI of the 
fan.
    AMCA 214-21 provides two different methods to estimate the part-
load efficiency of a polyphase regulated motor. A single equation 
presented in Section 5.3 and section 6.3.3 of AMCA 214 are used to 
calculate the FEP of the reference fan (``FEPref'') and the 
actual FEP of bare-shaft fans (``FEPact''), while a more 
complex model based on several equations described in Section 6.4.2.3 
of AMCA 214 is used to calculate the actual FEP of fans sold with 
polyphase regulated motors without a variable frequency drive 
(``VFD''). In support of a final rule published January 25, 2016, for 
the commercial and industrial pump test procedure, DOE developed a 
model to estimate the electric motor part-load performance of polyphase 
regulated motors. 81 FR 4086, 4124-4125. As noted in the commercial and 
industrial pumps test procedure notice of proposed rulemaking published 
on April 1, 2015, DOE has designed the calculation-based approach used 
in the pump test procedure to be conservative (i.e., the model 
represents a conservative estimate of part-load motor losses and 
efficiency) \71\ 80 FR 17585, 17628 (``Pumps April 2015 TP NOPR'') DOE 
notes that such approach minimizes the possibility that testing the 
pump without the motor and using the model to estimate motor 
performance would result in better energy efficiency ratings than 
testing the pump inclusive of the motor.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \71\ The efficiency (Eff) of a motor at a given load (x) relates 
to the motor horsepower (hp) and losses (L) as follows: Eff = (x. 
hp)/(x.hp + L)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Pumps and fans are powered by the same categories of motors, and 
DOE compared the motor part-load efficiency resulting from applying the 
two AMCA 214-21 motor equations with the motor part-load efficiency 
obtained when using the equation from the DOE pump test procedure. DOE 
found that the AMCA models resulted in efficiency values that were, on 
average, one percent higher (when using Sections 5.3 and 6.3.3) and two 
percent higher (when

[[Page 44223]]

using Section 6.4.2.3) than the values determined using the equation 
from the DOE pump test procedure.\72\ When using these equations to 
calculate the FEI of a large sample of fans, DOE found that the impact 
on FEI was, on average, 1 percent higher than the FEI obtained using 
the model from the DOE pump test procedure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \72\ On average, across operating motor loads (25 to 100 percent 
load) and across all motor horsepowers between 1 and 250 hp, the 
motor part-load efficiency values obtained using the equations in 
AMCA 214 were one and two percent higher than the motor part-load 
efficiency values obtained using the equations from the DOE pump 
test procedure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Based on this review, DOE tentatively concludes that the impact on 
the FEI is not significant enough to justify deviating from the 
established industry test procedure. Therefore, DOE proposes to 
maintain the equations as provided in Sections 5.3 and 6.4.2.3 of AMCA 
214-21 to estimate the part-load motor efficiency when calculating 
FEPref, FEPact, and the FEPact of fans 
sold with electric motors regulated at 10 CFR 431.25 (and without 
VFDs). Should additional information become available indicating that 
the FEI ratings resulting from the equations in AMCA 214-21 diverged to 
a greater extent from the FEI ratings resulting from testing the fan 
wire-to-air, DOE would consider the use of alternate equations, such as 
the equations from the DOE pump test procedure.
    DOE requests comment on the equations provided in Sections 5.3 and 
6.4.2.3 of AMCA 214-21. Specifically, DOE requests comment on whether 
applying the method outlined in Section 6.4 of AMCA 214-21 and the 
equations provided in Section 6.4.2.3 of AMCA 214-21 could result in a 
higher value of FEI than the FEI resulting from a wire-to-air test in 
accordance with Section 6.1 of AMCA 214-21.
2. Combined Motor and Controller Efficiency Calculation
    For fans with a polyphase regulated motor and a controller, AMCA 
214-21 allows testing these fans using a shaft-to-air test (i.e., a 
test that does not include the motor and controller performance). When 
conducting a shaft-to-air test, the mechanical fan shaft input power is 
measured and the FEP is then calculated by using a mathematical model 
to represent the performance of the combined motor and controller 
(i.e., its part-load efficiency). The FEP is then used to calculate the 
FEI of the fan.
    Section 6.4.2.4 of AMCA 214-21, which relies on Annex B ``Motor 
Constants if Used With VFD (Normative)'' and Annex C ``VFD Performance 
Constants (Normative)'', provides a method to estimate the combined 
motor and controller part-load efficiency for certain electric motors 
and controller combinations that meet the requirements in Sections 
6.4.1.3 and 6.4.1.4 of AMCA 214-21, which specify that the motor must 
be an electric motor subject to energy conservation standards at 10 CFR 
431.25.
    Previously, DOE developed a similar model to estimate the combined 
motors and controller part-load performance in support of the 
commercial and industrial pump rulemaking, in the case where the motor 
is polyphase regulated motor. 81 FR 4086, 4128-4130 (January 25, 2016). 
As noted in the Pumps April 2015 TP NOPR, the model used in the pump 
test procedure represents a conservative estimate of part-load motor 
losses (and efficiency).\73\ 80 FR 17585, 17628 This minimizes the 
possibility that using the calculation approach to estimate the motor 
and controller performance would result in better energy efficiency 
ratings than when testing the equipment inclusive of the motor and 
controller.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \73\ The efficiency (Eff) of a motor at a given load (x) relates 
to the motor horsepower (hp) and losses (L) as follows: Eff = (x. 
hp)/(x.hp + L).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Pumps and fans are powered by the same categories of motors and 
controllers and DOE compared the motor part-load efficiency resulting 
from applying the AMCA 214-21 motor and controller equations with the 
combined motor and controller part-load efficiency obtained when using 
the equation from the DOE pump test procedure and found that the AMCA 
model resulted in combined motor and controller part-load efficiency 
values that were, on average, four percent higher than when using the 
DOE model.\74\ In addition, DOE reviewed motor and VFD efficiency data 
from the AHRI certified product database \75\ and found existing motor 
and VFD combinations that performed at a lower efficiency than 
predicted by the AMCA 214 model. DOE also reviewed the reference motor 
and controller (``power drive system'') efficiency provided in IEC 
61800-9-2:2017 ``Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems--Part 
9-2: Ecodesign for power drive systems, motor starters, power 
electronics and their driven applications--Energy efficiency indicators 
for power drive systems and motor starters'', which also provides 
equations to represent the performance of a motor and controller used 
with fans, and found that the IEC model predicted values of efficiency 
that were significantly lower (more than 10 percent on average) than 
the model included in AMCA 214-21.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \74\ On average the combined motor and controller part-load 
efficiency values obtained using the equation in AMCA 214-21 were 5 
percent higher across operating motor loads (25 to 100 percent load) 
and across all motor horsepowers between 1 and 250 hp, when compared 
to the combined motor and controller part-load efficiency values 
obtained using the equations from the DOE pump test procedure.
    \75\ AHRI Standard 1210, ``Standard for Performance Rating of 
Variable Frequency Drives,'' certified data from 2016, 2020, and 
202. See: https://www.ahridirectory.org/NewSearch?programId=71&searchTypeId=3.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Based on this analysis, DOE has concerns that the equations 
described in Section 6.4.2.4 of AMCA 214-21 may not be appropriately 
representative, resulting in fan FEI ratings that would be higher than 
FEI ratings obtained using the wire-to-air test method described in 
Section 6.1 of AMCA 214-21. Therefore, DOE does not propose to allow 
the use of Section 6.4.2.4 of AMCA 214-21. Instead, DOE proposes that 
fans with motor and controller be tested in accordance with Section 6.1 
of AMCA 214-21. Manufacturers would still be able to rely on a 
mathematical model (including the same model as described in Section 
6.4.2.4 of AMCA 214-21, as long as the model meets the AEDM 
requirements discussed in section III.J of this document) in lieu of 
testing to determine the FEI of a fan with a motor and controller, 
subject to the proposed AEDM discussed in section III.J of this 
document.
3. Annex A of AMCA 214-21
    Annex A provides the reference nominal full-load efficiency values 
to use for polyphase motors subject to energy conservation standards at 
10 CFR 431.25 when calculating the motor part load efficiency in 
accordance with Section 6.4.2.3 of AMCA 214-21. DOE proposes to replace 
Annex A of AMCA 214-21 by a reference to Table 5 of 10 CFR 431.25. The 
values in Annex A and Table 5 of 10 CFR 431.25 are identical, however, 
referencing the Code of Federal Regulations would ensure that the 
values of polyphase regulated motor efficiencies remain up to date with 
any potential future updates established by DOE.
4. Annex E of AMCA 214-21
    As previously discussed, Annex E of AMCA 214-21 allows a reduction 
in the number of tests potentially required by allowing the use of fan 
laws to calculate the fan shaft power of a non-tested fan using results 
from a fan shaft power test of a fan with a smaller impeller diameter. 
Since the publication of AMCA 214-21, AMCA 211-22 ``Certified Ratings 
Program Product Rating Manual for Fan Air Performance'' was published. 
Annex I of AMCA 211-

[[Page 44224]]

22 allows the use of fan laws to additionally interpolate the fan shaft 
power of a non-tested fan using results from a fan shaft power test of 
two fans with a smaller and larger impeller diameter (i.e., 
interpolation between two tested sizes). DOE is considering adding a 
reference to section I.6 of Annex I of AMCA 211-22 and allowing 
manufacturer to additionally interpolate the fan shaft power of a non-
tested fan between two tested fans sizes. Alternatively, DOE may 
consider referencing Annex I of AMCA 211-22 in place of Annex E of AMCA 
214-21.
    DOE requests comments on whether it should add a reference to 
Section I.6 of AMCA 211-22 or replace Annex E of AMCA 214-21 by Annex I 
of AMCA 211-22.
5. Section 6.5 of AMCA 214-21 and Annex F
    Section 6.5 and Annex F of AMCA 214-21 provide methods to determine 
the FEP of the actual fan by conducting separate tests for the bare 
shaft fan and the motor or the combined motor and controller. Annex F 
specifies the industry test methods \76\ to use when testing the motor 
or the combined motor and controller. As provided in Annex F, the motor 
and controller, if included, must be tested at the range of speeds and 
loads over which the fan is to be rated. The measurements result in a 
map of the input power (kW) versus speed and load and intermediate 
values can be determined through interpolation (linear interpolation or 
a polynomial curve fit). The methods in Section 6.5 and Annex F of AMCA 
214-21 are applicable to any electric motor (including non-DOE 
regulated motors that meet the definition of electric motor at 10 CFR 
431.12) as long as it can be tested per the industry test procedures 
included in Annex F.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \76\ CSA C747-09 (R2014), ``Energy efficiency test methods for 
small motors;'' CSA C838-13 (R2018), ``Energy efficiency test 
methods for three-phase variable frequency drive systems;'' IEEE 
112-2017, ``IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction 
Motors and Generators'' and ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 222-2018, 
``Standard Method of Test for Electrical Power Drive Systems''.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The test procedure for combined motor and controller in AMCA 214-21 
deviates from the methods proposed in the January 2021 electric motors 
test procedure NOPR. 86 FR 71710, 71743 (December 17, 2021) While Annex 
F of AMCA 214-21 specifies that testing that combined motor and 
controllers can be performed using either ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 222, 
``Standard Method of Test for Electrical Power Drive Systems'', CSA 
C838, ``Energy efficiency test methods for three-phase variable 
frequency drive systems'', or CSA C747, ``Energy efficiency test 
methods for small motors'', DOE proposed, in the January 2021 electric 
motors test procedure NOPR, that combined motors and controllers be 
tested using IEC 61800-9-2:2017, ``Adjustable speed electrical power 
drive systems--Part 9-2: Ecodesign for power drive systems, motor 
starters, power electronics and their driven applications--Energy 
efficiency indicators for power drive systems and motor starters''. 86 
FR 71710, 71743 For fans combined with regulated motors, the methods 
described in Section 6.5 and Annex F of AMCA 214-21 would be less 
burdensome than multiple wire-to-air tests; however, it would likely be 
significantly more burdensome than applying the calculation methods 
described in Section 6.3 of AMCA 24-21, since it would require physical 
tests of all motors with which the bare shaft fan could be paired. In 
addition, with the option to allow for an AEDM as discussed in section 
III.J. of this document, a manufacturer would be able to integrate the 
methods of Section 6.5 and Annex F of AMCA 214-21 into a mathematical 
model as long as the proposed AEDM requirements were met.
    Therefore, DOE is not proposing to include Section 6.5 and annex F 
of AMCA 214-21 in the proposed DOE test procedure. Manufacturers would 
still be able to rely on a mathematical model (including potentially 
the same model as described in Section 6.5 of AMCA 214-21, as long as 
the models meet the AEDM requirements discussed in section III.J of 
this document) in lieu of testing to determine the FEI of a fan with a 
motor or a motor and controller, provided that the mathematical model 
meets all the AEDM requirements proposed in section III.J. of this 
document.
6. Annex H and Annex I of AMCA 214-21
    Annex H ``Required Reported Values (Normative)'' of AMCA 214-21 
provides reporting requirements. DOE is not proposing to adopt Annex H. 
DOE may consider proposals to establish reporting requirements for fans 
and blowers under a separate rulemaking.
    Annex I ``Minimum Data Requirements for Published Ratings 
(Informative)'' provides guidance on what performance information to 
publish. DOE is not proposing to adopt Annex I. DOE is proposing 
requirements regarding represented values in section III.K of this 
document.
7. Section 8.3 of AMCA 214-21
    Section 8.3 ``Appurtenances'' provides guidance on how to 
characterize fan performance in the case of a fan with additional 
appurtenances beyond what is required by the test procedure. DOE is not 
proposing to adopt this section as DOE does not propose to establish 
fan performance with additional appurtenances beyond what is specified 
by the test procedure in Section 7.3 of AMCA 214-21, which DOE proposes 
to adopt through reference.
8. Measurement of PRV Performance
    As described in Table III-9, AMCA 214-21 requires different test 
configurations for PRVs that supply air to a building and PRVs that 
exhaust air from a building. Some PRVs can operate both as supply and 
exhaust fans. DOE proposes that PRVs that can operate both as supply 
and exhaust fans be tested in both configurations.
    DOE seeks feedback on its proposal that PRVs that can operate both 
as supply and exhaust fans be tested in both configurations as 
described in Table III-9 of this document.
9. Exclusively Embedded Fans
    As discussed in section III.A.3 of this document, DOE proposes to 
exclude fans that are exclusively embedded in equipment as listed in 
Table III-8 of this document. Other exclusively embedded fans would be 
included in the scope of the test procedure to the extent that they 
meet the proposed test procedure scope criteria presented in section 
III.A.1 of this document and do not fall under the proposed exclusions 
discussed in section III.A.2. of this document.
    The Working Group recommended that embedded fans be tested in a 
standalone fan configuration (i.e., outside of the piece of equipment 
in which they are embedded). (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; No. 
179, Recommendation #8 at p. 5) DOE interprets this recommendation to 
apply to exclusively embedded fans because standalone fans that are 
purchased by an OEM for incorporation into equipment can be tested 
prior to being embedded. Because exclusively embedded fans included in 
larger equipment may share structural or functional parts with that 
equipment, the fan would not be removable without causing irreversible 
damage to the equipment. To address such embedded fans, the Working 
Group recommended testing exclusively embedded fans using additional 
fan components, except for the fan impeller, that are geometrically 
identical to that of the embedded fan

[[Page 44225]]

inside the larger piece of equipment. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-
0006; No. 179, Recommendation #8 at p. 5) In addition, the Working 
Group recommended that embedded fans be certified over their standalone 
operating range. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; No. 179, 
Recommendation #4 at p. 4)
    DOE collected fan performance information from OEM and fan 
manufacturer websites, indicating that OEMs currently test and collect 
information on embedded fan performance and that OEMs understand a 
fan's typical operating range in terms of flow and pressure.\77\ As 
previously discussed, the AMCA 214-21 foreword states that, ``AMCA 
Standard 214 primarily is for fans that are tested alone or with motors 
and drives; it does not apply to fans tested embedded inside of other 
equipment.'' To test exclusively embedded fans, DOE therefore proposes, 
consistent with the Working Group recommendation, that these fans be 
tested as standalone fans, outside of the equipment in which they are 
incorporated. In addition, DOE proposes that if any fan components are 
not removable without causing irreversible damage to the equipment into 
which the fan is embedded, the manufacturer must use additional fan 
components, except for the fan impeller, that are geometrically 
identical to that of the fan embedded inside the larger piece of 
equipment for testing. This would result in a range of FEI ratings at 
every operating point at which the fan is capable of operating, 
including at the flow and pressure point experienced by the fan when 
embedded inside the equipment.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \77\ See for example: www.trane.com/Commercial/Uploads/Pdf/1020/clchprc003_en_mseriescatalog_1205.pdf; content.greenheck.com/public/DAMProd/Original/10001/AllProducts_catalog.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE seeks comment on its proposal to test exclusively embedded fans 
in a standalone configuration outside of the equipment that 
incorporates the fan.
10. Wire-to-Air Testing for Air Circulating Fans
    Air circulating fans incorporate and are sold with a motor. 
Accordingly, AMCA 230-15, which is the physical test method referenced 
in AMCA 214-21 for air circulating fans, only provides a wire-to-air 
test method. DOE proposes a test procedure for testing air circulating 
fans based on the methods in Sections 6.1 and 6.2 of AMCA 214-21.
    In response to the February 2022 ECS RFI, the CA IOUs commented 
that ACFs sold without a motor should be included in the DOE test 
procedure. (Docket No. EERE-2022-BT-STD-0002, CA IOUs, No. 7 at p. 6) 
In addition, the CA IOUs stated that ACFs with multiple motor options 
should be tested using a motor capable of running the fan at the fan's 
maximum allowable speed. They added that doing so will prevent 
manufacturers from avoiding energy conservation standards by selling 
incomplete fans. The CA IOUs also suggested that optional motor fans be 
tested with the least efficient motor and allow for an optional 
representation of higher-efficiency motors. Id.
    DOE did not find any circulating fans that were distributed in 
commerce without an electric motor. However, if an air circulating fan 
is sold without a motor, it would still meet the definition of an air 
circulating fan and would be included in the scope of the test 
procedure. DOE proposes that air circulating fans distributed in 
commerce without an electric motor be tested using an electric motor as 
recommended in the manufacturer's catalogs or distributed in commerce 
with the air circulating fan. If more than one motor is available in 
manufacturer's catalogs or distributed in commerce with the air 
circulating fan, DOE proposes requiring that it be tested using the 
least efficient motor capable of running the fan at the fan's maximum 
allowable speed.
    DOE requests comment on its proposed approach for testing air 
circulating fans that are distributed in commerce without an electric 
motor.
11. Total Pressure Calculation for Air Circulating Fans
    AMCA 214-21 specifies that air circulating fans must rely on a FEI 
based on total pressure (sum of the static pressure and velocity 
pressure) (See Table III-9 of this document). However, AMCA 230-15 does 
not specify the measurement or calculation of fan total pressure, which 
is a required input to the FEI calculation.
    DOE proposes to add provisions to specify how to calculate fan 
total pressure and to apply the equations in Section A.2 of AMCA 208-18 
when calculating the fan total pressure at a given airflow for fans 
tested per AMCA 230-15.
    DOE requests comment on its proposal to add provisions for 
calculating the total pressure of air circulating fans based on the 
equations in Section A.2 of AMCA 208-18.
12. Appurtenances
    Section 7.3 of AMCA 214-21 provides instructions on which 
appurtenances to include as part of the tested fan. It distinguishes 
between appurtenances that improve or reduce performance. For 
appurtenances that improve fan performance (including but not limited 
to inlet bells, diffusers, stators, or guide vanes), AMCA 214-21 
specifies that these appurtenances should be included if always 
supplied with the fan when distributed in commerce. For appurtenances 
that reduce fan performance, which include, but are not limited to, 
safety guards, dampers, filters, or weather hoods, AMCA 214-21 states 
that if the appurtenance is always supplied with the fan when 
distributed in commerce, then it shall be tested with the fan. If the 
appurtenance is not always supplied with the fan when distributed in 
commerce, it shall not be tested with the fan.
    For circulating fans, the AMCA 230 committee is considering adding 
the following provisions as part of the revised version of AMCA 230: 
any appurtenances sold with the fan shall be included in the minimum 
testable configuration.
    DOE reviewed the provisions related to accessories in AMCA 214-21 
and as considered by the AMCA 230 committee and has tentatively 
determined that testing using the provisions discussed by the AMCA 230 
committee would provide results that are more representative of field 
conditions because consumers are likely to use the fan with the 
appurtenances they purchase. Therefore, DOE proposes to specify for 
fans and blowers, including air circulating fans, that any 
appurtenances sold with the fan must be included during the test.
    In addition, for air circulating fans, the AMCA 230 committee is 
considering additional provisions to include in the next version of 
AMCA 230 to describe what should be considered as part of the test 
(i.e., the ``minimum testable configuration''). The committee is 
considering the following: (1) If sold with the fan, an on/off switch 
or speed control device would be included in the minimum testable 
configuration. The power consumption of the on/off switch or speed 
control device would be included in the active and standby mode power 
measurements. (2) If multiple control devices are sold with the fan, 
only the standard fan control device would be used for testing. (3) 
Optional product features not related to generating air movement would 
not be energized for the purpose of testing. Optional product features 
not related to generating air movement include, but are not limited to: 
misting kits, external sensors not required to operate the fan, and 
communication devices not required to operate the fan.
    For air circulating fans, DOE has tentatively determined that it is 
unlikely

[[Page 44226]]

that additional features not related to air movement would remain in 
the on-position unless intended by the consumer. As such, requiring 
testing in their ``as-shipped'' configuration would not provide a more 
representative measure of energy use for air circulating fans. DOE 
proposes to add clarification that additional features not related to 
air movement be installed, but either powered off or set at the lowest 
energy-consuming mode during testing. Further, to avoid confusion as to 
which controller is used for testing in the case where multiple 
advanced controllers are offered, DOE proposes to add additional 
clarification to its specifications for appurtenances. Specifically, 
DOE proposes to clarify that if the air circulating fan is offered with 
a default controller, testing would be conducted using the default 
controller. If the air circulating fan is offered with multiple 
controllers, testing would be conducted using the minimally functional 
controller (i.e. ``standard controller''). Testing using the minimally 
functional controller is consistent with the direction to test with 
additional features not energized during the power consumption 
measurement. Controller functions other than the minimal functions 
(i.e., the functions necessary to operate the air circulating fan 
blades) are akin to additional features that do not relate to the air 
circulating fan's ability to create airflow. This proposed addition 
clarifies which controller to select. These proposals are in line with 
the additional provisions considered by the AMCA 230 committee.
    DOE is aware that the revisions considered by the AMCA 230 
committee are subject to change and could further be revised in the 
next version of AMCA 230. Should the revised version of AMCA 230 
publish prior to the publication of any DOE test procedure final rule, 
DOE intends, after considering stakeholder feedback received in 
response to the proposals in this document, to revise the provisions 
related to appurtenances in line with the latest AMCA 230 standard, 
provided the updates in this standard are consistent with the 
provisions DOE is proposing in this NOPR, or the updates are related to 
topics that DOE has discussed and for which DOE has solicited comments 
to in this NOPR.
    DOE requests comment on the proposed provisions related to the 
consideration of appurtenances when testing fans and blowers, including 
air circulating fans.
    DOE requests comment on whether it should consider specifying 
additional provisions to describe which components should be included 
in the test.
13. Voltage, Phase and Frequency
    Fans and blowers can be rated to operate at 50 or 60 Hz, be 
supplied by single-phase or multi-phase electricity, and can operate at 
a single rated voltage (e.g. 115 V) or within one or more rated voltage 
ranges, or a combination of both (e.g. 115/208-230V).
    Section 7.8 of AMCA 214-21 specifies that for fan electrical power 
measurement (when conducting a wire-to-air test), the fan must be 
operated using 60 Hz supply unless that frequency conflicts with 
nameplate values. The voltage during the test shall match the highest 
allowable value that corresponds with the relevant nameplate.
    In the Unites States, 60 Hz frequency is the most representative, 
and DOE has tentatively determined that fans rated for operation with 
only 60Hz power supply would be tested with 60 Hz electricity and that 
fans capable of operating with 50Hz and 60Hz electricity would also be 
tested with 60Hz electricity. DOE has tentatively determined that it 
does not need to consider air circulating fans rated for operation with 
only 50 Hz power, since these fans are not relevant in the U.S. market.
    Regarding the phase and voltage to select for testing, at this 
time, DOE is proposing to clarify which phase and voltage to use during 
the test as follows.
    DOE proposes to specify to test fans and blowers, including 
circulating fans, rated for operation with only a single- or multi-
phase power supply with single- or multi-phase electricity, 
respectively. Fans and blowers, including circulating fans, capable of 
operating with single- and multi-phase electricity, DOE proposes that 
fans capable of operating with single- and multi-phase electricity must 
be tested using multi-phase power supply, which is the most common 
power supply for industrial and commercial equipment. DOE would allow 
manufacturers of fans and blowers, including circulating fans, capable 
of operating with single- and multi-phase electricity to test such fans 
with single-phase power and make representations of efficiency 
associated with both single and multi-phase electricity if a 
manufacturer desires to do so.
    For fans and blowers other than air circulating fans, DOE does not 
have any information to evaluate which configuration would be the most 
representative of an average energy use cycle and DOE proposes to 
retain the provisions in Section 7.8 of AMCA 214-21 to specify testing 
at the highest rated voltage and align with existing industry 
standards. Alternatively, DOE may consider other options such as 
specifying a voltage for test similar to that proposed below for air 
circulating fans.
    For air circulating fans, DOE does not have any information to 
evaluate which configuration would be the most representative of an 
average energy use cycle. Instead, DOE reviewed the provisions related 
to the supply voltage in the ceiling fan test procedure, which are also 
tested based on AMCA 230-15 (with errata). Sections 3.43 and 3.4.4 of 
10 CFR part 430 appendix U. DOE proposes the same provisions for air 
circulating fans that it uses for ceiling fan, with additional language 
to distinguish how to select the supply voltage for fans tested using 
single-phase and multi-phase electricity.
    Specifically, DOE proposes that the supply voltage must be: (1) for 
air circulating fans tested with single-phase electricity, the supply 
voltage would be (a) 120 V if the air circulating fan's minimum rated 
voltage is 120 V or the lowest rated voltage range contains 120 V, (b) 
240 V if the air circulating fan's minimum rated voltage is 240 V or 
the lowest rated voltage range contains 240 V, or (c) the air 
circulating fan's minimum rated voltage (if a voltage range is not 
given) or the mean of the lowest rated voltage range, in all other 
cases; (2) for air circulating fans tested with multi-phase 
electricity, the supply voltage would be (a) 240 V if the air 
circulating fan's minimum rated voltage is 240 V or the lowest rated 
voltage range contains 240 V, or (b) the air circulating fan's minimum 
rated voltage (if a voltage range is not given) or the mean of the 
lowest rated voltage range, in all other cases.
    DOE is aware that the revisions considered by the AMCA 230 
committee are subject to change and could further be revised in the 
next version of AMCA 230. Should the revised version of AMCA 230 
publish prior to the publication of any DOE test procedure final rule, 
DOE intends, after considering stakeholder feedback received in 
response to the proposals in this document, to revise the provisions 
related to frequency, phase, and voltage in line with the latest AMCA 
230 standard, provided the updates in this standard are consistent with 
the provisions DOE is proposing in this NOPR, or the updates are 
related to topics that DOE has discussed and solicited comments to in 
this NOPR.
    DOE requests comment on the proposed provisions related to

[[Page 44227]]

specifying which frequency, phase, and voltage to use during a test.
    DOE additionally requests comment on whether the supply voltage 
requirements proposed for testing air circulating fans and fans and 
blowers other than air circulating fans would appropriately represent 
an average use cycle.
14. Test Speeds for Air Circulating Fans
    Section 8.2.4 of AMCA 230-15 (with errata) specifies that for air 
circulating fans with variable speed, performance data is captured and 
reported at five speeds (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent of maximum 
speed) evenly spaced throughout the speed range. If there are less than 
five speeds available, the performance of all speeds is measured. AMCA 
230-15 does not explicitly indicate how to test fans with multiple 
discrete speed settings.
    AMCA recommended that DOE require testing only at ``high speed'' 
for compliance and check-testing asserting that the majority of the 
market is single-speed. AMCA commented that this would be more 
repeatable -and reduce regulatory burden. While AMCA provided no 
supporting data, AMCA commented that fans having two or more speeds 
generally are run at high speed in commercial and industrial 
environments. (AMCA, No. 6 at p. 8)
    The AMCA 230 committee is considering revising the test speed 
requirements in AMCA 230-15 (with errata) to indicate that all air 
circulating fans must be tested at their highest (i.e., maximum) speed 
and that additional speeds may be captured and reported to more fully 
define the shape of the fan flow vs. speed curve (for example--
additional measurements at 20, 40, 60, and 80 percent of maximum 
speed).
    For single speed air circulating fans, DOE proposes to require that 
testing be conducted at the single available speed. For multi-speed 
fans with discrete operating speeds, and for variable-speed fans with 
continuously adjustable speeds, while DOE believes it is preferable to 
align the DOE test procedure with the accepted industry test 
procedures--in this case AMCA 230--as much as possible, DOE does not 
have data to determine the typical field operating speed(s) of air 
circulating fan \78\ (AMCA did not provide any data to support their 
claims that air circulating fans are mainly used at high speed) and DOE 
has tentatively determined that testing at each discrete speed (for 
multi-speed fans) or at each of the five speeds currently specified in 
AMCA 230-15 (with errata), rather than only requiring testing at the 
maximum speed may provide a more holistic representation of an air 
circulating fan's performance over a range of service levels, which may 
in turn facilitate easier comparisons for consumers. It would also 
capture any changes in the efficiency of the motor and associated 
variable speed control device at part-load conditions. In addition, DOE 
proposes to clarify that variable-speed air circulating fans with a 
minimum speed that is greater than 20 percent of the maximum speed, the 
performance data would be captured and reported in five speeds evenly 
spaced throughout the speed range, including at minimum and maximum 
speeds.\79\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \78\ In agricultural applications, DOE has found some data 
indicating ventilation requirements vary by a factor of 12 depending 
on the season (cold weather vs. hot weather). However it's unclear 
if the different ventilation requirements would typically be met by 
cycling fans on/off at maximum speed or by varying speeds, or 
through other speed settings. https://extension.umn.edu/swine-facilities/change-season-ventilation.
    \79\ If the fan's maximum speed is 1000 RPM and the fan's 
minimum speed is 400 RPM, then the following speeds should be 
reported: 400, 550, 700, 850, and 1000 where each speed is equally 
spaced of 150 RPM or (1000-400)/4
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE is considering several alternative options for specifying the 
test speeds at which fans with multiple or variable speeds should be 
tested including testing a high speed only, or testing in accordance 
with the speed requirements for large diameter ceiling fans in section 
3.5 of 10 CFR part 430, appendix U, which specifies that testing must 
be conducted at maximum speed and at 40 percent speed or the nearest 
speed that is not less than 40 percent speed. DOE notes that regardless 
of the proposed tested speeds, performance data at additional speeds 
may be captured and reported to better define the shape of the fan 
performance curve (for example, additional measurements at 20, 60, and 
80 percent of maximum speed).
    DOE is aware that the AMCA 230 committee is considering revisions 
to how test speeds are specified for air circulating fans and that the 
options considered by the AMCA 230 committee are subject to change and 
could further be revised in the next version of AMCA 230. Should the 
revised version of AMCA 230 publish prior to the publication of any DOE 
test procedure final rule, DOE intends, after considering stakeholder 
feedback received in response to the proposals in this document, to 
revise the provisions related to speed selection in line with the 
latest AMCA 230 standard, provided the updates in this standard are 
consistent with the provisions DOE is proposing in this NOPR, or the 
updates are related to topics that DOE has discussed and solicited 
comments on in this NOPR.
    Finally, DOE notes that AMCA 214-21 has provisions to calculate 
performance data at non-tested speeds based on wire-to-air test results 
at different speeds. See Section 6.2 ``Calculated Ratings Based on Wire 
to Air Testing'' of AMCA 214-21, which references Section 8.2.3 
``Calculation to other speeds and densities for wire-to-air testing'', 
and Annex G ``Wire-to-Air Measurement--Calculation to Other Speeds and 
Densities (Normative)''. For air circulating fans, DOE has tentatively 
determined that these sections do not apply because air circulating 
fans have a more limited range of operating speeds and DOE is proposing 
to test at each speed where performance data is required. AMCA 214-21 
also includes an annex that only applies to shaft-to-air tests and 
allows interpolating performance between tested speeds (Annex E of AMCA 
214-21). For air circulating fans, DOE has tentatively determined that 
these sections do not apply because air circulating fans are tested 
wire-to-air.
    DOE seeks feedback on the options presented for specifying the 
testing speed(s) for air circulating fans and its proposal to test 
single speed fans at the single available speed, multi-speed fans at 
each available speed, and variable speed fans at 20, 40, 60, and 80 
percent of maximum speed. DOE further requests feedback on its proposal 
to clarify that if the fan minimum speed is greater than 20 percent of 
the maximum speed, the performance data would be captured and reported 
in five speeds evenly spaced throughout the speed range, including at 
minimum and maximum speeds.
    DOE requests data to characterize typical air circulating fan 
operating speed(s) and time spent at each operating speed.
    DOE requests feedback on whether Section 6.2 and Annex E of AMCA 
214-21 should be applied to air circulating fans.
15. Determination of Equilibrium
    Section 6.1.2 of AMCA 210-16 states that ``statistically stable 
conditions shall be established before each [test] determination. To 
test for a stable condition, trial observations shall be made until 
steady readings are obtained. The range of airflow over which stable 
condition[s] cannot be established shall be recorded and reported.'' 
Similarly, Section 8.1.1 of AMCA 230-15 (with errata) specifies that 
equilibrium conditions must be established before each measurement, 
with equilibrium achieved once steady readings are

[[Page 44228]]

obtained. DOE notes that while both AMCA 210-16 and AMCA 230-15 require 
that steady readings must be obtained prior to the start of test, 
neither test standard provides specific variables with associated 
tolerances within which equilibrium can be quantified. In order to 
ensure repeatable and reproducible results from a test method, it is 
necessary to specify consistent requirements for determining when a fan 
is and is not at equilibrium before the commencement of testing. It is 
also necessary to specify a time period over which equilibrium must be 
established.
(a) Air Circulating Fans
    For circulating fans, the AMCA 230 committee is considering 
selecting three or four values from the options listed in Table III-12 
for determining equilibrium prior to testing, namely: fan speed, system 
input power, barometric pressure, and load differential. To verify that 
equilibrium has been achieved, readings would need to meet the 
tolerances specified in Table III-12, after running the fan for at 
least 5 minutes, with measurements taken at least every 5 seconds.

 Table III-12--Equilibrium Options Considered by the AMCA 230 Committee
                              Working Group
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Variable                       Equilibrium tolerance
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ambient barometric pressure...............  3 percent of
                                             mean.
Extraneous airflow before test............  <=50 fpm.
System input voltage *....................  2 percent of
                                             mean.
System input power **.....................  2 percent of
                                             mean or 1 Watt.
Fan speed.................................  1 percent of
                                             mean or 1 rpm.
Load......................................  1 percent of
                                             mean.
Load differential.........................  1 percent of
                                             mean.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* AMCA 230-15 (with errata) uses the terms system input voltage,
  electrical input voltage, and voltage interchangeably.
** AMCA 230-15 (with errata) uses the terms systems input power,
  electrical input power, and power interchangeably to designate the
  real power (see Section 6.3 of AMCA 230-15 (with errata).

    DOE has tentatively determined that ambient air density, extraneous 
airflow (i.e., test room ventilation), system input voltage, system 
input current, system input power, fan speed, load, and load 
differential will impact test results. Therefore, DOE is proposing that 
measurements of these values would need to fall within the tolerance 
window listed in Table III-13 prior to initiating the test for fans and 
blowers, including air circulating fans. As the examples above 
illustrate, equilibrium must be determined from multiple data points 
taken over a specified period of time. DOE is proposing that 
measurements for the variables listed in Table III-13 would be taken at 
least every 5 seconds over a minimum of 5 minutes. This timeframe 
provides a minimum of 60 data points from which equilibrium can be 
verified.

  Table III-13--Proposed Test Variables and Tolerances for Determining
       Equilibrium of Air Circulating Fans Prior to Each Fan Test
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Variable                       Equilibrium tolerance
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Calculated air density....................  1 percent of
                                             mean.
System input voltage......................  2 percent of
                                             mean.
System input current......................  2 percent of
                                             mean.
System input power........................  2 percent of
                                             mean or 1 W, whichever is
                                             greater.
Fan speed.................................  1 percent of
                                             mean or 1 rpm, whichever is
                                             greater.
Load......................................  1 percent of
                                             mean.
Load differential.........................  1 percent of
                                             mean.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Fan pressure and horsepower, and therefore fan efficiency, will 
vary with air density at the fan inlet. Therefore, DOE is proposing 
that air density, as determined from dry bulb temperature, dew point, 
and barometric pressure measured over at least 5 minutes, would remain 
within one percent of the mean air density in order to establish 
equilibrium prior to fan testing.
    DOE's proposed system input voltage, system input current, system 
input power, load, and load differential tolerances for evaluating 
equilibrium are two times the equipment accuracy tolerances specified 
in AMCA 230-15. Doubling equipment accuracy is a typical approach for 
determining reasonable measurement tolerances. DOE notes that its 
proposed tolerances for input voltage, input current, load, and load 
differential are identical to those discussed by the AMCA 230 committee 
working group, as are the measurement interval and measurement time 
frame. However, DOE is proposing that system input power would also 
include a lower limit on wattage (i.e., 2 percent of mean 
wattage or 1 W). Additionally, DOE is proposing that fan speed would be 
within 1 percent of the mean rpm or 1 rpm, whichever is 
highest over at least a 5-minute time period in order to establish 
equilibrium prior to testing. DOE recognizes that measurements at low 
airflow tend to be variable and this approach provides additional 
tolerance for fans tested at lower speeds.
    DOE recognizes that demonstrating equilibrium for each of the 
variables listed in Table III-13 of this document may not be realistic 
for all fans. DOE may consider prioritizing the variables listed in 
Table III-13 of this document, such that equilibrium must always be 
demonstrated for a specific number of the highest priority variables. 
For instance, DOE may require that equilibrium must be demonstrated for 
more variables at high speed than at low speed. Alternately, DOE may 
consider specifying a subset of the variables proposed in Table III-13 
of this document, similar to what has been discussed by the AMCA 230 
committee.
    Section 8.1.2 of AMCA 230-15 specifies that the extraneous airflow 
before, during, and after test should not exceed 50 fpm and that 
measurements should be taken immediately before and after the test to 
verify that this condition is met. DOE agrees that extraneous airflow 
in the test chamber may impact test results and should be recorded 
prior to and after the test; however, DOE notes that it is unrealistic 
to conduct extraneous airflow measurement during testing. Therefore, in 
addition to the maximum extraneous airflow requirement of 50 feet per 
minute specified in Section 8.1.2 of AMCA 230-15, DOE is proposing to 
measure and record extraneous airflow for at least one minute prior to 
establishing equilibrium and for at least one minute at the conclusion 
of the test, with measurements recorded at a maximum of 5 second 
intervals. A test would be considered to be concluded at the instant 
the blades are no longer spinning.
    DOE is aware that the revisions considered by the AMCA 230 
committee are subject to change and could further be revised in the 
next version of AMCA 230. Should the revised version of AMCA 230 
publish prior to the publication of any DOE test procedure final rule, 
DOE intends, after considering stakeholder feedback received in 
response to the proposals in this document, to revise the provisions 
related to appurtenances in line with the latest AMCA 230 standard, 
provided the updates in this standard are consistent with the 
provisions DOE is proposing in this NOPR, or the updates are related to 
topics that DOE has discussed and for which DOE has solicited comments 
to in this NOPR.
    DOE requests comment on its proposal for determining if an air 
circulating fan has reached equilibrium prior to initiating testing. 
Specifically, DOE is soliciting comment on the test variables and 
related tolerances that it is proposing to incorporate in its 
equilibrium determination. Additionally, DOE seeks comment on the 
minimum duration and maximum interval over which equilibrium would need 
to be verified. DOE also seeks comment on which variables proposed

[[Page 44229]]

in Table III-13 that, if not stable prior to test, would have the 
greatest impact on measured fan performance. Finally, DOE requests 
comment on its proposal to specify the time and frequency over which 
extraneous airflow measurements would be recorded.
(b) Fans and Blowers Other Than Air Circulating Fans
    Similar to the evaluation described previously for air circulating 
fans, DOE reviewed the test chamber and test equipment accuracy 
requirements listed in Section 6 of AMCA 210-16. DOE has tentatively 
determined that ambient air density, input power (as measured by a 
reaction dynamometer, torque meter, calibrated motor, or electrical 
meter) will impact test results. Additionally, ascertaining that fan 
speed is at steady state prior to testing is critical for ensuring 
repeatable and reproducible fan performance results. Therefore, DOE is 
proposing that measurements of these values would need to fall within 
the tolerance window listed in Table III-14 prior to initiating the 
test. Equilibrium on input power would be required on a single input 
power device. Equivalent to the proposal for air circulating fans, DOE 
is proposing that fan system equilibrium would need to be verified over 
at least 5 minutes, with measurements recorded on each variable at a 
maximum of 5 seconds.

  Table III-14: Proposed Test Variables and Tolerances for Determining
 Equilibrium of Fans and Blower Other Than Air Circulating Fans Prior to
                              Each Fan Test
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Variable                       Equilibrium tolerance
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ambient air density.......................  1 percent of
                                             mean.
Input power by reaction dynamometer.......  4 percent of
                                             mean.
Input power by torque meter...............  4 percent of
                                             mean.
Input power by calibrated motor...........  4 percent of
                                             mean.
Input power by electrical meter...........  2 percent of
                                             mean or 1 W, whichever is
                                             greater.
Fan speed.................................  1 percent of
                                             mean or 1 rpm, whichever is
                                             greater.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For fans other than circulating fans, DOE notes that Section 7.3 of 
the 2007 edition of ISO 5801 specified that before taking measurements, 
the fan must be run until it reaches steady operation, which was 
described as speed fluctuation being no more than 0.5 
percent of the average speed. While this provision is more stringent 
than DOE's proposal of 1 percent of the average speed 
measured over at least 5 minutes, DOE is proposing tolerances on 
variables in addition to fan speed (as listed in Table III-14) to 
verify that equilibrium has been achieved.
    DOE recognizes that demonstrating equilibrium for each of the 
variables listed in Table III-14 may not be realistic for all fans. DOE 
may consider prioritizing the variables listed in Table III-14, such 
that equilibrium must always be demonstrated for a specific number of 
the highest priority variables. For instance, DOE may require that 
equilibrium must be demonstrated for more variables at high speed than 
at low speed. Alternately, DOE may consider specifying a subset of the 
variables proposed in Table III-14, similar to what has been discussed 
in the AMCA 230 committee working group.
    DOE requests comment on its proposal for determining if a fan that 
is not an air circulating fan has reached equilibrium prior to 
initiating testing. Specifically, DOE is soliciting comment on the test 
variables and related tolerances that it is proposing to incorporate in 
its equilibrium determination. Additionally, DOE seeks comment on the 
minimum duration and maximum interval over which equilibrium would need 
to be verified. Finally, DOE seeks comment on which variables proposed 
in Table III-14 that, if not stable prior to test, would have the 
greatest impact on measured fan performance.
16. Test Figures
    AMCA 230-15 (with errata) describes the test set-up that can be 
used to test various categories of air circulating fans and specifies 
that air circulating fan heads and table fans, which correspond to 
unhoused ACFHs, must be tested according to test figures 2A, 2B1, and 
2B2. AMCA 230-15 (with errata) also specifies that box fans and 
personnel coolers, which are both housed ACFHs, must be tested using 
test figures 3A and 3B. The AMCA 230 Committee reviewed the existing 
text figures and is considering revising the allowable test figures to 
reflect that housed air circulating fans could also be tested using 
test figures 2A, 2B1, and 2B2, and unhoused air circulating fans would 
be tested using figures 3A and 3B.
    DOE has tentatively determined that test figures 2A, 2B1, 2B2, 3A 
and 3B are appropriate for all air circulating fans. As such, DOE is 
proposing to specify that any test figures that are specified in AMCA 
230-15 (with errata) can be used for testing air circulating fans. 
Table III-14 of this document summarizes DOE's proposals for which test 
set-up would be used for each air circulating fan type.

                Table III-14--Test Figures in AMCA 230-15
                              [With errata]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    Applicable air       DOE's proposed
                                    circulating fan      applicable air
  Test figure and description    category in AMCA 230-   circulating fan
                                          15                category
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Test Figure 2A: Horizontal      Air circulating fan     Any air
 Airflow Setup with              heads and table fans.   circulating
 Counterweights Pivot Above                              fan.
 Test Subject.
Test Figure 2B1: Horizontal     Air circulating fan     Any air
 Airflow Setup with Load Cell.   heads and table fans.   circulating
                                                         fan.
Test Figure 2B2: Horizontal     Air circulating fan     Any air
 Airflow Setup with Load Cell    heads and table fans.   circulating
 Pivot Below Test Subject.                               fan.
Test Figure 3A: Horizontal      Box Fan and Personnel   Any air
 Airflow Setup with Load Cell.   Cooler.                 circulating
                                                         fan.
Test Figure 3B: Horizontal      Box Fan and Personnel   Any air
 Airflow Setup with Load Cell.   Cooler.                 circulating
                                                         fan.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE is aware that the revisions being considered by the AMCA 230 
committee are subject to change and could further be revised in the 
next version of AMCA 230. Should the revised version of AMCA 230 
publish prior to the publication of any DOE test procedure final rule, 
DOE intends, after considering stakeholder feedback received in 
response to the proposals in this document, to revise the definitions 
in line with the latest AMCA 230

[[Page 44230]]

standard, provided the updates in this standard are consistent with the 
definitions DOE is proposing in this NOPR or the updates are related to 
topics that DOE has discussed and for which DOE has solicited comments 
in this NOPR.
    DOE requests comment on the applicability of each test figure in 
AMCA 230-15 to air circulating fans.
17. Reference Fan Electrical Input Power Calculation
    Section 5 of AMCA 214-21 provide the equations necessary to 
calculate the reference FEP at a given duty point. The reference FEP 
calculation relies on three equations:
     A reference fan shaft input power equation, used to 
calculate the reference fan shaft input power at a given duty point. 
This equation relies on a flow constant (Q0, equal to 250) 
and a pressure constant (P0, equal to 0.4), which represent 
how efficiency varies as a function of flow and pressure and an 
efficiency target, which was set to represent a market reference 
efficiency fan (equal to 0.66 total efficiency target or 0.6 static 
efficiency target, depending on the FEI pressure basis). See Section 
5.1 of AMCA 214-21;
     A reference fan transmission efficiency equation, which 
calculates the reference fan transmission as a function of the 
reference shaft input power and represents a typical belt drive. See 
Section 5.2 of AMCA 214-21; and
     A reference motor equation as described in section III.D.1 
of this document.
    In response to the February 2022 ECS RFI, the CA IOUs encouraged 
DOE to use different flow and pressure constants for the FEI for ACFs 
than those that are used in either AMCA 214 or the Ceiling Fan Energy 
Index (``CFEI''). They stated the ACFs do not operate in ``high-
pressure, low airflow'' conditions (for which the coefficients 
developed for the FEI metric in AMCA 214-21 are most applicable) nor do 
they operate in ``low-pressure, high airflow'' conditions (for which 
the CFEI metric is most applicable). CA IOUs provided data showing that 
the FEI from AMCA 214-21 favors larger diameter ACFs, while the CFEI 
favors smaller diameter, lower airflow ACFs. They further encouraged 
DOE to collaborate with industry stakeholders to develop new FEI 
coefficients specifically for ACFs. (Docket No. EERE-2022-BT-STD-0002, 
CA IOUs, No. 7 at p. 2-5)
    DOE collected air circulating fan performance data from the BESS 
certification database \80\ and performed the following analysis to 
determine the appropriate flow and pressure constants for air 
circulating fans: (1) DOE used the published fan impeller diameter (in) 
and flow (cfm) and the total pressure formula discussed in section 
III.D.10 of this document to calculate the total pressure \81\ of each 
fan in the database; (2) DOE used the published efficacy (cfm/W) and 
airflow (cfm) data to calculate the FEP of each fan in the database 
(FEPact); (3) DOE used the formulas in Section 5 of AMCA 
214-21 to calculate the reference FEP (FEPref) of each fan 
in the database at its corresponding total pressure and flow point; and 
(4) DOE conducted a regression analysis using the method of least 
squares to identify the values of the flow constant, Q0, 
pressure constant, P0, and efficiency target, which minimize 
the sum of squared difference between FEPact and 
FEPref.. DOE obtained the following results: Q0 = 
3,210 (rounded to the nearest 10); P0 = 0; and an efficiency 
target of 0.43. Based on this analysis, DOE has tentatively determined 
that these constant values for flow and pressure constants are 
appropriate for air circulating fans and proposes to use the values of 
Q0 = 3,210 and P0 = 0 when calculating the FEI of 
air circulating fans as part of the test procedure. Should additional 
data become available to justify different constants, DOE may consider 
different values of Q0 and P0 for air circulating 
fans.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \80\ Data collected on March 22, 2022, included 507 models of 
air circulating fans with the following information: Manufacturer, 
Power Supply, Model Number, Style (i.e. basket, box, panel, or 
tube), Size (in) (i.e., impeller diameter), Guard configuration, 
Airflow (cfm), Efficacy (cfm/w), Thrust (lbf), Input power (kW), 
Thrust Efficiency ratio (lbf/kW), 5D Centerline Velocity (fpm). See 
bess.illinois.edu.
    \81\ DOE notes that for housed air centrifugal fans, DOE relied 
on the impeller diameter as a proxy for the diameter of the orifice 
of the housing.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Figure III-1 through Figure III-3 show air circulating fan 
performance data from the BESS database as well as the corresponding 
reference fan performance data calculated using Q0 = 3,210, 
P0=0, and an efficiency target of 0.43. Figure III-3 and 
Figure III-4 also shows the cfm/w index calculated as the cfm/w value 
of the fan divided by the average cfm/w value of all fans of the same 
diameter present in the database.
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[[Page 44231]]

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[[Page 44232]]


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    Using an efficiency target of 0.43 results in a reference fan that 
performs better than approximately 50 percent of the market.\82\ For 
general fans and blowers, the current efficiency target of 0.66 is 
estimated to correspond to a fan that performs better than 
approximately 20 percent of the market.\83\ In line with this approach, 
DOE has tentatively determined that the efficiency target for air 
circulating fans that would correspond to a reference fan which 
performs better than 20 percent of the market is 0.38. Therefore, DOE 
proposes to use an efficiency target of 0.38 in its calculations for 
determining air circulating fan FEI. DOE notes that if additional data 
become available to

[[Page 44233]]

justify a different efficiency target, DOE may consider a different 
efficiency target for air circulating fans. Figure III-5 illustrates 
the impact of changing the efficiency target on the calculated 
reference fan wire-to-air efficiency, (``Wire-to-air Efficiency ref'') 
in comparison to the wire-to-air efficiency of actual fans (``Wire-to-
air Efficiency act'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \82\ This is a direct result of the analysis which looks at 
minimizing the distance (i.e., the square of the difference) between 
FEPref and FEPact.
    \83\ An efficiency target of 0.66 corresponds to the efficiency 
level 3 (``EL3'') as analyzed in the November 2016 Notice of Data 
Availability. Based on the analysis conducted in support of this 
NODA DOE estimated that 80 percent of fans perform at or above EL3 
based on information published in the life-cycle cost spreadsheet, 
``LCC Sample'' worksheet. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, LCC 
Spreadsheet, No. 190, at p. 4, cell AD51-AD58)
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP25JY22.005

    Figure III-5 shows the reference fan cfm/w compared against the 
cfm/w of the actual fans included in the BESS database. Below impeller 
diameters of 20 inches, DOE notes that most fans in the database have a 
FEI value greater than 1 (as illustrated by having higher cfm/w values 
compared to the reference fan, this can also be seen on Figure III-4 
where smaller fan impellers tend to have higher FEIs). DOE believes 
this is because most fans with impeller diameters at or below 20 inches 
are direct driven, while the reference fan always includes belt losses. 
DOE may consider calculating the FEPref value s using the 
same transmission configuration as the actual fan being evaluated 
(i.e., include transmission losses in the FEPref calculation 
only for fans distributed in commerce with a belt transmission). 
However, DOE has tentatively determined that using the same reference 
fan for all fan configurations results in a FEI that can be compared 
across transmission configurations and that different FEI calculations 
depending on the transmission configuration may be confusing to the 
consumer. Therefore, at this time, DOE proposes to calculate 
FEPref inclusive of the belt losses.

[[Page 44234]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP25JY22.006

BILLING CODE 6450-01-C
    DOE requests comment on the proposed FEI calculation for air 
circulating fans.
18. Rounding
    As discussed in section III.K, DOE presents a sampling plan for 
determining representative values of FEI, FEP, and BHP. As discussed, 
AMCA 214-21 provides a method for calculating fan performance using the 
FEI metric. However, AMCA 214-21 does not provide normative rounding 
requirements for FEI.
    DOE notes that the FEI requirement is specified to the hundredths 
place in Section 6.5.3.1.3 of ASHRAE 90.1-2019 (Fan Efficiency). 
Additionally, the DOE energy conservation standard for large diameter 
ceiling fans is the Ceiling Fan Energy Index (``CFEI''), where the CFEI 
metric is calculated according to AMCA 208-18, is specified to the 
hundredths place (i.e., CFEI must be greater than or equal to 1.00 at 
high speed and 1.31 at 40 percent speed, or the nearest speed that is 
not less than 40 percent speed). 10 CFR 430.32. Additionally, Annex I 
of AMCA 214-21 (informative) specifies rounding the FEI to the 
hundredth place.
    DOE notes that FEI is the ratio of the electric input power of a 
reference fan to the electric input power of the actual fan and agrees 
that rounding FEI to two decimal places seems reasonable. Therefore, 
DOE is proposing that represented values of FEI would be rounded to the 
hundredths place. For consistency, DOE is also proposing that 
represented values for FEP would be rounded to the hundredths place.
    Rounding of the inputs to the calculation of FEI can impact the 
represented FEI (or FEP value). DOE reviewed the provisions related to 
rounding in the ceiling fan test procedure, which state that all 
measurements should be recorded at the resolution of the test 
instrumentation and that calculations shall be rounded to the number of 
significant digits present at the resolution of the test 
instrumentation. Section 3.1.1 of 10 CFR part 430 appendix U.
    DOE has tentatively concluded that the rounding provisions in 
section 3.1.1 of 10 CFR part 430 appendix U are reasonable and that 
recording measurements at the resolution of the test instrumentation 
would provide sufficient significant digits for accurately calculating 
representative values of FEI and FEP. Therefore, DOE is proposing that 
all measurements would be recorded at the resolution of the test 
instrumentation and that calculations would be rounded to the number of 
significant digits present at the resolution of the test 
instrumentation.
    DOE is aware that the AMCA 230 committee is considering adding 
rounding requirements in the revised version of AMCA 230. Should the 
revised version of AMCA 230 publish prior to the publication of any DOE 
test procedure final rule, DOE intends, after considering stakeholder 
feedback received in response to the proposals in this document, to 
revise the provisions related to appurtenances in line with the latest 
AMCA 230 standard, provided the updates in this standard are consistent 
with the provisions DOE is proposing in this NOPR, or the updates are 
related to topics that DOE has discussed and for which DOE has 
solicited comments to in this NOPR.
    DOE requests comment on its proposals for rounding represented 
values of FEI and FEP to the hundredths place. Additionally, DOE seeks 
comment on its proposal to specify rounding requirements for test 
values and calculations that are consistent with the resolution of the 
test instrumentation.
19. Location of Extraneous Airflow Measurement
    Section 8.1.2 of AMCA 230-15 (with errata) specifies that the air 
velocity in the test room, not generated by the test air circulating 
fan, shall not exceed 0.25 m/s (50 fpm) prior to, during, and after the 
test. Velocity measurements shall be taken immediately before and 
immediately after the test to ensure that this condition is met. In 
addition, AMCA 230-15 (with errata) specifies the location of the 
extraneous airflow measurement shall be directly under the center of 
the fan at an elevation of 1701.8 mm (67 in.) above the floor. DOE 
notes that this provision is only applicable to fans tested according 
to Figure 1 of AMCA 230-15 (with errata) and that there is no location 
specified for extraneous airflow measurement for fans tested according 
to Figures 2A, 2B1, 2B2, 3A and 3B.

[[Page 44235]]

    The AMCA committee is considering adding the following provisions 
to specify the location of the extraneous airflow measurement and to 
move these provisions from Section 8.1.2 of AMCA 230-15 (with errata) 
into each of the figures. For figure 1 of AMCA 230-15, the location of 
extraneous airflow measurement would be directly under the center of 
the fan at an elevation of 1.7m (67 in.) above the floor. For figures 
2A, 2B1, 2B2, 3A and 3B, the location of extraneous airflow measurement 
should be at the center of the fan at a distance of 1.5m (5 ft) 
downstream of the fan impeller.
    DOE agrees that these additional specifications are necessary to 
ensure test procedure repeatability, and therefore proposes to add 
these additional provisions as considered by the AMCA 230 committee.
    DOE requests comment on the proposed location of the extraneous 
airflow measurement for air circulating fans.
20. Run-In Requirements
    Section 7.4 of AMCA 214-21 specifies that all fans shall be run-in 
for not less than fifteen minutes prior to the commencement of data 
collection. The AMCA 230 committee is considering adding similar 
requirements for air circulating fans. DOE proposes that the minimum 
run-in requirement of 15 minutes for fans and blowers be applied to air 
circulating fans.
    DOE requests comment on the proposed run-in requirements.
21. Transducer Type Barometers
    Section 6.5.2.1 of AMCA 230-15 (with errata) specifies that 
transducer type barometers shall be calibrated for each test. The AMCA 
230 committee is considering removing this requirement from the revised 
version. DOE is also considering not including this requirement as it 
may be sufficient to require that the barometer be calibrated against a 
mercury column barometer with a calibration that is traceable to the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology (``NIST'') or other 
national physical measures recognized as equivalent by NIST, without 
having to repeat calibration before each test.
    DOE requests comment on whether the requirement to calibrate 
transducer type barometers for each test is necessary or should be 
removed for air circulating fans.

E. Distinguishing Between Fans and Blower and Air Circulating Fans

    In response to the February 2022 ECS RFI, ebm-papst supported the 
use of the thrust-test method described in AMCA 230 to test ACFs 
without a housing. They also stated that either AMCA 210 or AMCA 230 
test methods could be used for ACFs with housing. (Docket No. EERE-
2022-BT-STD-0002, ebm-papst, No. 8 at p. 1)
    Some manufacturers offer the same fan model with different mounting 
configurations. Depending on the mounting configuration, the same fan 
could either meet the definition of a fan tested per AMCA 210-15 or 
meet the definition of an air circulating fan and be tested per AMCA 
230-15. DOE identified that air circulating fans with housing (i.e., 
axial panel air circulating fans and box fans) can also be distributed 
in commerce as with brackets for mounting through a wall, ceiling, or 
other structure that separates the fan's inlet for its outlet and 
marketed as ``exhaust fans''. In this case, DOE agrees with ebm-papst 
that these fans would be tested per AMCA 210-16 as they would meet the 
definition of an axial panel fan. Manufacturers who distribute these 
fans in commerce in both configurations and market the fans both for 
air circulation and exhaust applications typically test the fan using 
both AMCA 230-15 (with errata) and AMCA 210-16.
    DOE is proposing that fan models that meet both the definition of 
an axial panel fan and the definition of an air circulating fan (i.e., 
axial air circulating panel fan, box fan, or ACFH) depending on the 
presence or absence of brackets for mounting through a wall, ceiling, 
or other structure that separates the fan's inlet from its outlet be 
tested according to both the proposed test procedures for fans and 
blowers, excluding air circulating fans, and the proposed test 
procedure for air circulating fans.
    DOE requests comment on its proposal that fans that meet the 
definition of both an axial panel fan and the definition of an air 
circulating fan because of the presence or absence of brackets for 
mounting through a structure that separates a fan's inlet from its 
outlet be tested both as a fan and blower and as an air circulating 
fan.

F. Metric

    AMCA 214-21 provides uniform methods to determine the FEP and FEI 
of a fan at a given duty point.\84\ As explained, FEP describes the 
electrical input power of a fan in kilowatts. AMCA 214-21 defines FEI 
as the ratio of the electrical input power of a reference fan to the 
electrical input power of the actual fan for which the FEI is 
calculated, both established at the same duty point. As stated, FEI is 
a dimensionless index for evaluating a fan's performance against a 
reference fan. Section 5 of AMCA 214-21 provides the equations to 
calculate the reference fan electrical input power as a function of 
airflow and pressure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \84\ As previously described, a duty point is characterized by a 
given airflow and pressure and has a corresponding operating speed. 
The collection of all duty points associated with a given speed is 
referred to as a ``fan curve''. AMCA 214-21 provides methods to 
establish the FEP and FEI at any point within the operating range of 
the fan.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For fans other than circulating fans, the Working Group recommended 
using FEP as the primary fan metric and to allow using FEI for 
additional representation of energy use. The Working Group also 
recommended calculating FEI using the FEP of a fan that is exactly 
compliant with any future fan energy conservation standards. (Docket 
No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendation #6, at p. 5). The 
Working Group further recommended that the metric be evaluated at each 
operating point as specified by the manufacturer. (Docket No. EERE-
2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendations #18, #27, at pp. 10-11, 13-
14). Under this approach, for each basic model of fan, a manufacturer 
would have to determine the FEP of the fan at each operating point.
    As discussed, FEG is another efficiency metric developed for fans 
other than air circulating fans. FEG is a numerical rating that 
represents the ratio of airpower produced by the fan divided by the fan 
shaft power, as a function of fan impeller diameter.\85\ As stated by 
the petitioners, starting in 2012, FEG was used in model energy codes 
and standards \86\ to establish fan efficiency requirements, which were 
subsequently adopted by at least 12 State energy codes.\87\ (Docket No. 
EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, The Petitioners, No. 1.3., at p. 2, 4) Following 
the recommendations of the Working Group, AMCA developed the metrics 
FEP and FEI as a replacement for FEG.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \85\ See AMCA 205-2010, ``Energy Efficiency Classification for 
Fans''.
    \86\ International Green Construction Code (2012); ANSI/ASHRAE/
IES 90.1, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential 
Buildings (2013); ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES 189.1, Standard for the 
Design of High-Performance Green Buildings Except Low-Rise 
Residential Buildings (2014); International Energy Conservation Code 
(2015).
    \87\ Alabama, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Maryland, 
Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Utah, Vermont, and 
Washington.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Petitioners stated that, compared with FEG, FEI is a wire-to-
air metric for fans. The Petitioners also commented that the FEI metric 
allows fan specifiers and purchasers to easily compare the power 
consumption of multiple fans, including motor and drive combinations. 
Petitioners stated that

[[Page 44236]]

using FEI would facilitate simpler enforcement by code officials 
because FEI ratings are easy to compare to potential minimum code 
requirements. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, The Petitioners, No. 
1.3 at p. 3)
    In response to the April 2020 Notice of Petition, CTI commented 
that FEI is a new metric and questioned its longevity as a basis for 
Federal regulation. CTI commented that AMCA previously advocated for 
FEG in ASHRAE 90.1 and is now advocating for FEI. CTI commented that 
the use of FEI in ASHRAE 90.1-2019 will help assess the usability and 
application of this metric. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, CTI, No. 
11 at p. 3)
    NEEA and NWPCC commented in support of the FEI metric. NEEA and 
NWPCC stated that the FEI, which is established at any given duty 
point, can be used to compare the energy consumption of different fans 
operating at the same design conditions. NEEA and NWPCC commented that 
the FEI metric provides a straightforward way for designers to evaluate 
the relative power consumption of different fans and would drive the 
market to select more efficient fans through providing consistent, 
actionable information to designers. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, 
NEEA and NWPCC, No. 12 at p. 2)
    ASAP, ACEEE, and NRDC and Greenheck commented that a DOE test 
procedure based on AMCA 214 would provide the basis to assist customers 
and designers in making purchasing decisions and save energy by 
informing design decisions. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, ASAP, 
ACEEE, NRDC, No. 7 at p. 1; Greenheck, No. 6.2. at p. 1). ASAP, ACEEE, 
and NRDC stated that AMCA 214 provides methods to establish FEI ratings 
across the entire operating range of a fan model, which can improve fan 
selection and deliver large energy and cost savings. ASAP, ACEEE, and 
NRDC commented that the FEI metric provides a simple way to evaluate 
the relative power consumption of potential fans at a customer's design 
point. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC, No. 7 at 
p. 1)
    Johnson Controls commented in support of a transition from FEG to 
FEI for fans in airside applications (i.e., applications where the 
primary purpose of equipment is to deliver airflow to a space, and 
where the energy efficiency of the fan operation is the primary driver 
of performance). Johnson Controls commented that using FEI for the 
representation of fan efficiency in airside applications will help 
consumers better understand the energy performance of a fan based on 
the expected airflow and pressure at the point of design. (Docket No. 
EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, Johnson Controls, No. 10 at p. 1)
    In the October 2021 RFI, DOE requested feedback on the metrics used 
in AMCA 230-15 and AMCA 214-21, particularly in the context of air 
circulating fans, including ACFHs. 86 FR 54412, 54415.
    AHRI commented that ACFHs are standalone fans, with performance 
testing established appropriately using AMCA 230-15 and a FEI metric 
calculated using AMCA 214-21. (AHRI, No. 10 at p. 2)
    AMCA reiterated its support for the use of FEI as the regulatory 
metric over FEP and as the metric for representation for fans and 
blowers, including air circulating fans. AMCA commented that FEI is 
preferred over FEP because FEI is a comprehensive ratio that already 
has duty-point dependent reference power embedded. FEI lends itself as 
a practical efficiency metric for setting a fan energy standard. FEP, 
is variable, depending on flow and other parameters. FEI, therefore, 
would be a more stable compliance metric. AMCA added that FEI has 
become the norm for AMCA certification and industry practice and has 
been adopted into model energy codes and standards and is used in state 
energy codes.\88\ AMCA added that FEI is also being used as the metric 
for utility incentive programs presently offered or under development. 
(AMCA, No. 6 at p. 9) AMCA also recommended that DOE allow 
representation of intermediate data used to determine FEI, if those 
values were calculated using data from physical tests in accordance 
with the DOE test procedure, i.e., FEP, W; Airflow, cfm; Efficacy, cfm/
W; and Thrust efficiency ratio, lbf/kW. (AMCA, No. 6 at p. 9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \88\ AMCA listed the following in its comment: ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 
90.1-2019, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential 
Buildings; ANSI/ASHRAE/ICC/USGBC/IES 189.1-2020, Standard for the 
Design of High-Performance; Green Buildings Except Low-Rise 
Residential Buildings; 2021 International Energy Conservation Code; 
2021 International Green Construction Code; 2020 Florida Building 
Code: Energy Conservation; 2021 Oregon Energy Efficiency Specialty 
Code; 2022 California Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 
24).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC support using FEI as the efficiency metric for 
air circulating fans. ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC commented that the FEI is both 
representative of energy usage and straightforward for purchasers to 
interpret. ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC commented that FEI accounts for inherent 
efficiency differences between fans of the same diameter that deliver 
different airflows. ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC also stated that using FEI for 
air circulating fans would also provide consistency with other 
commercial and industrial fan types subject to any future DOE 
standards. Moreover, ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC commented that FEI is intuitive 
and easy to understand for informing purchase decisions and provided 
the example that a FEI of 1.1 represents 10% energy savings over a FEI 
of 1. ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC also stated that FEI is similar to the Pump 
Energy Index for pumps. (ASAP, ACEEE, NRDC, No. 7 at p. 2)
    NEEA agreed with AMCA in preferring the use of FEI over FEP for 
Federal efficiency standards. NEEA commented that FEI is a metric the 
market is already beginning to align to, and an additional efficiency 
metric could confuse the market. NEEA commented that the industry has 
begun to transition away from Fan Efficiency Grade (FEG) to FEI, 
encouraged by the inclusion of FEI in model energy codes (including 
ASHRAE 90.1-2019 and the 2021 Oregon Energy Efficiency Specialty Code). 
NEEA stated that consistency in the metric used to calculate efficiency 
will expedite adoption of efficient equipment and make opportunities 
for incentive programs more readily available to the market. NEEA is 
not opposed to the use of FEP as an intermediary metric to determine 
FEI, but recommends that DOE align with the market's momentum toward 
FEI to create industry alignment around the definition of fan 
efficiency. (NEEA, No. 11 at p. 3)
    The CA IOUs recommended that DOE use the FEI metric from AMCA 214-
21 for ACFHs. The CA IOUs commented that FEP is not an efficiency 
metric, but rather a measurement of the fan's input power, taking 
motor, motor controller, and transmission losses into account. The CA 
IOUs asserted that FEI, which is a ratio of the product's FEP to the 
electrical input power of a reference fan, is a more appropriate metric 
for these products. The CA IOUs stated that FEI also accounts for the 
air velocity generated by the fan, which is an important consideration 
for ACFHs since one of the primary requirements of an ACFH is to 
deliver a focused airstream at a moderate to high velocity. 
Additionally, the CA IOUs commented that FEI has become the default 
metric for fans in building codes and incentive programs. The CA IOUs 
stated that FEI is the efficiency metric used in ASHRAE 90.1, IECC, and 
the California Energy Code. The CA IOUs added that since FEP and ACFH 
airflow in cubic feet per minute is needed to calculate overall 
efficiency and efficacy per AMCA 230-

[[Page 44237]]

15, testing labs and manufacturers can still report those metrics in 
their product literature without additional burden. (CA IOUs, No. 9 at 
p. 2)
    In response to the February 2022 ECS RFI, ebm papst suggested using 
a metric that distinguishes air circulating fans with exceptional air 
velocity from air circulating fans with exceptional wire-to-air 
efficiency because of the importance of air velocity when selecting an 
air circulating fans. (ebm-papst, No. 8 at p. 3)
    In its proposed regulation, the CEC is proposing to use the FEI 
metric for fans and blowers.\89\ Since the publication of the term 
sheet and of AMCA 214-21, a number of incentive programs and model 
energy codes and standards used in state energy codes rely on the FEI 
metric.\90\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \89\ See Proposed regulatory language for Commercial and 
Industrial Fans and Blowers available in the following Docket: 22-
AAER-01 at: efiling.energy.ca.gov/Lists/DocketLog.aspx?docketnumber=22-AAER-01.
    \90\ ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2019, Energy Standard for Buildings 
Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings; ANSI/ASHRAE/ICC/USGBC/IES 
189.1-2020, Standard for the Design of High-Performance; Green 
Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings; 2021 International 
Energy Conservation Code; 2021 International Green Construction 
Code; 2020 Florida Building Code: Energy Conservation; 2021 Oregon 
Energy Efficiency Specialty Code; 2022 California Building Energy 
Efficiency Standards (Title 24); incentive programs presently 
offered or under development by Seattle City Light, ComEd, and Xcel 
Energy. See AMCA FEI Advocacy Brief available at: www.amca.org/assets/resources/public/assets/uploads/0621-FEI_Advocacy_Brief_V3-20210715.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As noted, FEG is a numerical rating that represents the ratio of 
airpower produced by the fan divided by the fan shaft power and is 
defined as a function of fan impeller diameter. FEG ratings are defined 
in discrete ``bands'' (e.g., FEG 85, FEG 80, FEG 75, etc.) and are 
established in accordance with AMCA 205-12, ``Energy Efficiency 
Classification for Fans''.\91\ To determine FEG, a fan is tested to 
measure its maximum bare-shaft fan efficiency (i.e., peak efficiency). 
The FEG rating is determined by plotting the measured peak efficiency 
versus the fan impeller diameter, then reading the associated FEG band 
in which this point falls.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \91\ See AMCA whitepaper available at www.amca.org/assets/resources/public/userfiles/file/Nospreads_FanEfficGrades.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Fans can operate over a wide range of speed, pressure, and airflow, 
and the fan bare-shaft efficiency can vary greatly over this range. As 
defined in AMCA 205-12, the FEG rating is representative of only the 
maximum efficiency of the fan. As a result, depending on the actual 
operating conditions, a fan with a higher peak efficiency and FEG 
rating could consume more energy in a particular application than a fan 
with a lower peak efficiency and FEG rating. In addition, the FEG 
metric does not capture the performance of the motor, transmission, or 
motor controllers and does not differentiate among fans with motors, 
transmissions, and motor controllers with differing efficiency levels.
    AMCA 230-15 provides methods to determine FEP of air circulating 
fans as well as efficacy (i.e., amount of flow per unit of electrical 
input power produced in cfm/W) and overall efficiency (i.e., amount of 
thrust per unit of electrical input power produced in lbf/W). While 
AMCA 230-15 provides methods to determine several metrics associated to 
air circulating fan performance, AMCA 214-21 relies on the FEP and FEI 
metrics (``wire-to-air metrics) for air circulating fans. In addition, 
FEI accounts for air velocity \92\ as it relies on the calculation of 
the reference fan FEP (FEPref) as a function of flow and 
total pressure (which is equal to velocity pressure for air circulating 
fans) and allows comparing the wire-to-air performance of fans at 
different air velocities.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \92\ Average velocity of air emerging from an outlet measured in 
the plane of the outlet.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Based on the discussion in the preceding paragraphs, DOE proposes 
to apply FEI as the efficiency metric for fans and blowers. As 
discussed, FEI would provide for evaluation of the efficiency of a fan 
or blower across a range of operating conditions, would capture the 
performances of the motor, transmission, or motor controllers (if any), 
and would allow for the differentiation of fans with motors, 
transmissions, and motor controllers with differing efficiency levels. 
Also as discussed, use of FEI would align with the industry test 
standard (AMCA 214-21) and drive better fan selections. In addition, 
DOE proposes to establish the FEI differently for fans and blowers 
other than air circulating fans, and for air circulating fans as 
described in section III.F.1 and section III.F.2 of this document.
1. FEI Determination for Fans and Blowers Other Than Air Circulating 
Fans
    For fans and blowers that are not air circulating fans, considering 
their wide range of application, DOE proposes that fan FEI would be 
evaluated in accordance with the DOE proposed test procedure at each of 
the fan's operating points within the range of airpower and shaft input 
power proposed in scope (i.e., at each duty point, as specified by the 
manufacturer within the range of airpower and shaft input power 
proposed in scope). This approach is consistent with the term sheet 
recommendations and would require the determination of the FEI at each 
duty point as specified by the manufacturer. With this approach, the 
test procedure would not prescribe particular operating conditions at 
which the FEI is to be evaluated in order to calculate the FEI metric, 
instead, the FEI is determined at each duty point. Further, if DOE were 
to establish any potential energy conservation standards, compliance 
with that standard would be required at each duty point specified by 
the manufacturer within the range of airpower and shaft input power 
proposed in scope (i.e., operating range or ``bubble''), and for which 
the manufacturer publishes performance data. See discussion in section 
III.L. of this document.
    DOE notes several stakeholders (AMCA, AHRI, NEEA, and the CA IOUs) 
submitted comments related to this approach as part of the CEC proposed 
rulemaking docket.\93\ AMCA, AHRI, NEEA, and the CA IOUs recommended 
that manufacturers be able to publish performance data for duty points 
where the FEI is non-compliant (i.e., FEI < 1 in the case of the CEC 
proposed regulation) and explained that performance data across the 
entire fan operating range is needed for designing or troubleshooting 
fan system problem.\94\ The CA IOUs suggested that manufacturers be 
allowed to publish fan performance data in marketing or catalogs 
materials, but clearly indicate inefficient values that are outside the 
FEI >=1.0 bubble.\95\ AMCA, AHRI and NEEA jointly commented that a 
regulation should not prohibit, but rather distinguish duty points that 
meet the California Standards and duty points that don't.\96\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \93\ All documents related to this rulemaking can be found in 
the rulemaking Docket 22-AAER-01 accessible at: www.energy.ca.gov/rules-and-regulations/appliance-efficiency-regulations-title-20/appliance-efficiency-proceedings-11. See Joint AMCA, AHRI and NEEA 
comments at https://efiling.energy.ca.gov/GetDocument.aspx?tn=242893&DocumentContentId=76471 (p. 20) and CA 
IOUs comments at: https://efiling.energy.ca.gov/GetDocument.aspx?tn=242904&DocumentContentId=76485 (p.7).
    \94\ See Joint AMCA, AHRI and NEEA comments at https://efiling.energy.ca.gov/GetDocument.aspx?tn=242893&DocumentContentId=76471 (p. 20).
    \95\ See CA IOUs comments at: https://efiling.energy.ca.gov/GetDocument.aspx?tn=242904&DocumentContentId=76485 (p.7).
    \96\ See Joint AMCA, AHRI and NEEA comments at https://efiling.energy.ca.gov/GetDocument.aspx?tn=242893&DocumentContentId=76471 (p. 20).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In view of these comments, DOE is considering to require 
calculating a weighted-average FEI (``WFEI'') based on the FEI at a 
limited number of

[[Page 44238]]

representative duty points instead of having the FEI metric evaluated 
at each duty point as proposed. With such approach, if DOE were to 
establish energy conservation standards, compliance would be based on 
the weighted-average FEI of a given basic model, and manufacturers 
would be allowed to publish performance information at all duty points. 
DOE has tentatively determined that while some fans can operate at 
different speeds, the FEI generally increases (i.e., performs better) 
as the speed of the fan decreases. Therefore, DOE is considering 
requiring manufacturers calculate a weighted-average FEI based on 
operating points at maximum speed. This would ensure that the fan will 
perform with an FEI that is equal to or greater than the FEI at maximum 
speed. In addition, end-users have been encouraged to select and 
operate the fan near a fan's best efficiency point (BEP),\97\ 
therefore, DOE is considering using the BEP at maximum speed as a 
reference duty point and to require calculating the weighted average 
FEI using the duty points specified as described in the remainder of 
this section, depending on the fan's speed capability and motor 
configuration. In the absence of fan field operating data, DOE is 
considering equally weighting these duty points.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \97\ The BEP represents the flow and pressure values at which 
the fan total efficiency (ratio of total airpower to fan shaft input 
power) is maximized when operating a given speed. Prior to the use 
of FEI, energy codes required selecting a fan with an efficiency 
within 10-15 percentage points of the BEP efficiency. See 
International Green Construction Code (2012); ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1, 
Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings 
(2013); ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES 189.1, Standard for the Design of 
High-Performance Green Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential 
Buildings (2014); International Energy Conservation Code (2015).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For fans without motors or controls: DOE is considering requiring 
that the weighted-average FEI be calculated at maximum speed and using 
the following duty points: 100 percent of BEP flow, 75 percent of BEP 
flow, and 50 percent of BEP flow. All flow points would be on the same 
fan curve \98\ at the fan's maximum operating speed.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \98\ A fan curve represents the flow and pressure duty points of 
a fan at a given speed.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For single-speed fans (i.e., fans with a single-speed motor), DOE 
is considering to require that the weighted-average FEI be calculated 
at the single available speed and using the following operating points: 
100 percent of BEP flow, 75 percent of BEP flow, and 50 percent of BEP 
flow. All flow points would be on the same fan curve at the same single 
available operating speed.
    For variable-speed fans that can continuously adjust their 
operating speeds (i.e., fans with a variable-speed motor), DOE is 
considering to require that the weighted-average FEI be calculated at 
the following points: 100 percent of BEP flow at maximum speed, 75 
percent of BEP flow, and 50 percent of BEP flow. However, in this case 
the reduced BEP flow points would be achieved by reducing the fan's 
operating speed and following a quadratic system curve, rather than 
following the fan curve at maximum speed to achieve the desired flow 
point. The system curve represents the system's resistance (pressure) 
at various flows and is often represented by a curve where the pressure 
varies as the square of the flow ratios.\99\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \99\ See section 6.3 of AMCA 201-02: AMCA. (2002). Fans and 
systems. AMCA Publication 201. Arlington Heights, IL: Air Movement 
and Control Association International. Available at www.amca.org/assets/resources/public/pdf/Education%20Modules/AMCA%20201-02%20(R2011).pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For multi-speed fans (i.e., fans with a multi-speed motor capable 
of operating at different discrete speeds): DOE is also considering 
requiring that the weighted-average FEI be calculated at the following 
points: 100 percent of BEP flow at maximum speed, 75 percent of BEP 
flow, and 50 percent of BEP flow. In this case, similar to variable 
speed fans, the reduced BEP flow points would be achieved by reducing 
the fan's operating speed (For multi-speed fans, the speed options are 
limited). Therefore, in this case the manufacturer would not be able to 
continuously reduce speed until the required flow is achieved. Instead, 
DOE is considering an approach where the manufacturer would be required 
to achieve the reduced BEP flow points by reducing speed and increasing 
pressure (i.e., moving along the fan curve at reduced speeds). In 
addition, DOE is considering requiring that the pressure at the reduced 
BEP flow point be greater than the pressure on the reference system 
curve.
    In addition, DOE notes that for fans tested wire-to-air, it is not 
possible to determine the BEP as a ratio of air power to shaft input 
power as the fan shaft input power is not measured directly. Therefore, 
when applying a wire-to-air test method, DOE is considering 
establishing the BEP as the point that maximizes the fan's wire-to-air 
efficiency.
    DOE requests comment on the appropriate metric to use for fans and 
blowers other than air circulating fans.
    DOE requests comment on the proposed FEI metric determined in 
accordance with the proposed test procedure, and on whether any changes 
are necessary to provide for more representative energy efficiency 
ratings. If changes are suggested, DOE seeks input on how the proposed 
FEI metric should be amended and why, and on any other metrics that 
would be more appropriate. If changes or alternate metrics are 
suggested, DOE requests information on the impact to testing cost as 
compared to the proposed use of FEI.
    DOE requests comments on the alternative approach considered to 
establish a weighted average FEI metric for fans and blowers other than 
air circulating fans. DOE requests comments on the appropriate 
reference system curve to use in the case of variable-speed fans to 
standardize the calculation of the reduced BEP flow operating points.
2. FEI Determination for Air Circulating Fans
    For air circulating fans, to account for variations in fan speeds, 
DOE proposes the following, depending on the air circulating fan's 
speed capability: for single speed fans, DOE proposes that the FEI be 
evaluated at the single available speed and corresponding duty point. 
For multi-speed fans and variable speed fans, in the absence of data to 
characterize typical operating speeds, DOE proposes to calculate the 
FEI based on the weighted average FEI at each of the tested fan speeds, 
and that each speed be apportioned an equal weight. (e.g., if the FEI 
is calculated at five speeds, each speed is given 20 percent in the 
calculation of the weighted average FEI). DOE has tentatively 
determined that while DOE has not found data to characterize the field 
operating speeds of air circulating fans, a more representative FEI can 
be calculated by using a weighted-average across multiple speeds and 
weighting all those speeds equally (when compared to calculating the 
efficiency at only high speed). DOE notes that it would still allow 
manufacturers to make representations of performance using cfm/w if a 
manufacturer desires to do so. In addition, to differentiate the 
proposed FEI for air circulating fans (i.e., based on 
Q0=3,210 and P0=0, and an efficiency target of 
0.38--See section III.D.17 of this document) from the FEI as it applies 
to fans and blowers that are not air circulating fans (i.e., based on 
Q0= 250 and P0=0.4, and an efficiency target of 
0.66 for fans with a total pressure basis--See section III.D.17 of this 
document) and from the CFEI as it applies to ceiling fans, DOE is 
considering using the term ``Air Circulating Fan FEI'' or ``ACFEI''.
    DOE is aware that the AMCA 230 committee may consider specifying

[[Page 44239]]

which metric to use in AMCA 230-22 when evaluating the energy 
performance of air circulating fans. While this NOPR proposes to rely 
on FEI, DOE is considering alternative metrics such as cfm/w including 
weighted average cfm/w for multi- and variable-speed fans), as well as 
alternative weights for multi- and variable-speed fans.
    DOE requests comment on the appropriate metric to use for air 
circulating fans.
    DOE requests comment on the proposed FEI metric determined in 
accordance with the proposed test procedure, and on whether any changes 
are necessary to provide for more representative energy efficiency 
ratings. If changes are suggested, DOE seeks input on how the proposed 
FEI metric should be amended and why, and on any other metrics that 
would be more appropriate. Specifically, for air circulating fans, DOE 
requests comment on the proposed use of the FEI metric determined in 
accordance with the test procedure as proposed and if DOE should 
consider other performance metrics as measured by AMCA 230-15, or 
different weights. If changes or alternate metrics are suggested, DOE 
requests information on the impact to testing cost as compared to the 
proposed use of FEI.
    DOE requests comments on whether to use a different acronym to 
designate the FEI of air circulating fans (``ACFEI'').

G. Efficiency Considerations for Certain Unducted Fans

    As proposed, depending on the fan category, the reference FEP would 
be calculated based on total pressure as opposed to static pressure. 
See Table III-9 of this document. As discussed, the reference FEP would 
be used to calculate the FEI value.
    An individual commenter opposed the use of the FEI metric, stating 
that the FEI disadvantages non-ducted fans, in particular, wall fans 
and PRVs, which are tested in AMCA 214 based on static pressure. Graves 
stated that such fans are penalized unfairly by excluding the velocity 
pressure component in the calculation of FEI. Graves asserted that wall 
fans and PRVs would have a higher measured efficiency if total pressure 
rather than static pressure was used in the calculation of FEI. (Docket 
No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, Graves, No. 4 at p. 1)
    Graves stated that for certain non-ducted fans, the outlet velocity 
pressure is a useful fan output, citing the following examples: poultry 
houses, which require a minimum of 600 feet per minute of air velocity; 
dairy installations, in which air movement contributes to greater milk 
production; paint shops, which use PRVs to filter the exhausted air 
from the paint booth; and restaurant PRVs, which extract heat from the 
kitchen and filter the supply air. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, 
Graves, No. 4 at p. 1). Graves recommended testing agricultural fans 
\100\ with the metric relied on by the BESS Lab at the University of 
Illinois, which uses a cubic feet per minute per watt (``cfm/watt'') 
metric. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, Graves, No. 4 at p. 3).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \100\ DOE identified that fans used in agricultural applications 
(``agricultural fans'') include PRVs (tested per AMCA 214-21, 
referencing AMCA 210-16) axial panel fans (tested per AMCA 214-21, 
referencing AMCA 210-16) and air circulating fans (tested per AMCA 
214-21, referencing AMCA 230-15). Grave's comment focuses on 
agricultural fans that are PRVs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    To reflect typical usage conditions, AMCA 214-21 specifies whether 
testing is required to be conducted with a ducted outlet (i.e., 
measuring total pressure) or a free outlet (i.e., measuring static 
pressure) for each defined fan category (See Table III-9). For certain 
categories required to be tested with a ducted outlet, AMCA 214-21 
defines an optional test that can be performed with a free outlet. For 
axial panel fans (i.e., ``wall fans'') and axial PRV fans, AMCA 214-21 
requires testing with a free outlet (i.e., measuring static pressure), 
but does not define an optional test with a ducted outlet.
    AMCA commented that the FEI calculations submitted by Graves were 
based on an older methodology. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, AMCA, 
No. 13 at p. 1). AMCA commented that the velocity pressure at the fan's 
outlet is not the same as the velocity pressure created by the air 
moving inside the building, and that the two are only tangentially 
related. AMCA described an example illustrating that two different 
rooftop fans--one larger fan with an outlet velocity of 500 FPM and an 
airflow of 1,000 cfm, and one smaller fan with an outlet velocity of 
750 FPM and the same airflow of 1,000 cfm--would both result in the 
same air velocity inside the building; however, the smaller fan's 
efficiency would be lower, and it would consume more energy than the 
larger fan with lower outlet velocity. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-
0003, AMCA, No. 13 at pp. 1-2).
    AMCA stated that FEI is calculated using a lower reference fan 
efficiency for unducted fans than for ducted fans (0.60 vs. 0.66, 
respectively), which it described as providing a 6 percent efficiency 
``grace'' for unducted fans. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, AMCA, 
No. 13 at p. 2).
    AMCA also commented that BESS Lab uses static pressure as a basis 
for the cfm/watt metric and that manufacturers of agricultural fans 
include performance data in catalogs using static pressure. AMCA 
further commented that the cfm/watt metric is similar to the FEI 
metric, and that the results of the BESS Lab test could be used to 
calculate FEI.\101\ According to AMCA, all the agricultural exhaust 
fans listed on the BESS Lab website have an FEI of at least 1.00. 
(Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, AMCA, No. 13 at pp. 2-3).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \101\ BESS Lab publishes test results for agricultural fans and 
provides the values of cfm/watt at different duty points expressed 
in static pressure, speed, and airflow. Based on these results, the 
electrical input power of a fan in kilowatts (same metric as the 
FEP) can be converted to cfm/watt by dividing the airflow by 1000 at 
a given duty point. This is similar to the results of an AMCA 214-21 
test which provides the FEP in kilowatts at a given airflow, static 
pressure, and speed (the ratio of the airflow and FEP, divided by 
1000 would provide the cfm/watts metric). See for example: https://bess.illinois.edu/pdf/00110.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    AMCA further commented that the metric of cfm/watt is a simple 
metric that was appropriate for agricultural exhaust fans because these 
fans are almost always applied at the same pressure (0.10 in. wg. of 
static pressure). However, AMCA stated that PRVs, which have similar 
applications to agricultural exhaust fans, can be applied at much 
higher pressures in other applications. Accordingly, a metric of cfm/
watt evaluated at a single pressure and airflow can no longer be used 
for evaluation because the cfm/watt of a fan applied at a higher 
pressure would be much less than the cfm/watt at a lower pressure. 
(Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, AMCA, No. 13 at pp. 2-3).
    AMCA commented that the choice to calculate FEI using either static 
or total pressure depending on fan category was recommended by the 
Working Group, which included a mix of stakeholders, including 
manufacturers of unducted fans. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, 
AMCA, No. 13 at p. 2).
    In response to the October 2021 RFI, Morrison commented that air 
circulating fan heads (``ACFHs'') are different from other fans 
intended to be hooked up to ducts and should be evaluated differently. 
Morrison commented that an efficacy metric, such as that used by the 
BESS Lab (cfm/watt), would be appropriate. (Morrison, No. 8 at p. 1)
    DOE reviewed the metric used by BESS Lab for reporting test results 
for agricultural fans. Although BESS Lab relies on a cfm/watt metric, 
the measured values are the same as those measured by a wire-to-air 
test in

[[Page 44240]]

accordance with AMCA 214-21 (i.e., airflow, static pressure, electrical 
input power) and DOE tentatively determined this metric is identical to 
the FEP metric measured at a unique pressure point (or limited number 
of pressure points). In addition, DOE notes that the BESS Lab relies on 
test methods that are based on AMCA 210-16 and AMCA 230-15.\102\ 
Therefore, DOE is proposing to use the FEI (based on FEP) metric for 
all PRVs and air circulating fans, including agricultural fans.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \102\ Comments from BESS Lab to the CEC process indicate that 
they Lab tests rely on AMCA 210-16 with modifications as noted in 
American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 
(``ASABE'')/S565 Oct2005 Agricultural Ventilation Constant Speed Fan 
Test Standard or on AMCA 230-15. See efiling.energy.ca.gov/GetDocument.aspx?tn=218197&DocumentContentId=26682 and 
efiling.energy.ca.gov/GetDocument.aspx?tn=221228.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE seeks feedback on the proposed use of the FEI metric for all 
PRVs and air circulating fans, including agricultural fans.

H. Control Credit Approach

    The Working Group recommended that the FEP of a fan with dynamic 
continuous control \103\ be calculated with an additional credit to 
offset the losses inherent to the control. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-
STD-0006; No. 179, Recommendation #16, at p. 9)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \103\ Variable speed controls or dynamic continuous controls: 
any device that adjusts the speed of the fan continuously over the 
fan's operating speed range in response to incremental changes in 
the required fan output airflow during its operation. (Docket No. 
EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; No. 179 at p. 6)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    ebm-papst, Inc. commented that fans with electronic VSDs for 
automatic load matching should be allowed a credit that does not 
disfavor their rating. However, voltage controls such as triac 
controls, series resistors, tapped motor windings, and autotransformers 
should not be allowed a credit because of their low efficiency at part-
load. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, ebm-papst, No. 152 at pp. 1-2)
    Greenheck, supported by Wade S. Smith Consulting, suggested 
applying a 10 percent credit to the FEP of fans equipped with variable 
speed controls (e.g., for these fans the FEP would be decreased by a 
factor of 0.9). (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; Greenheck, No. 221a 
at p. 13; Smith, No. 207 at p.3) Greenheck stated that a 10 percent 
credit is in line with the credit used in the current European 
regulations.\104\ Greenheck commented that such credit would be 
sufficient to compensate for the losses inherent to the variable speed 
control, while being small enough to not provide enough incentive to 
make inefficient fans paired with controls attractive to customers. 
(Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; Greenheck, No. 221a at p. 13)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \104\ See European Commission Regulation No. EU 327/2011; eur-
lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/
?uri=CELEX:32011R0327&from=EN.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE analyzed the control credit in the European Commission 
Regulation No. EU 327/2011 and observed that the value of the credit is 
equivalent to about 5-10 percent of the fan electrical input power for 
a fan with controls with an electrical input power less than 5 kW, but 
that it decreases to 4 percent for fans at or above 5 kW. Since the 
term sheet publication, AMCA established the FEI calculation method in 
AMCA 214-21. DOE also reviewed the calculation of FEP for fans with 
variable speed controls in AMCA 214-21, which does not provide for any 
control credit. (See Section 6.4.2 of AMCA 214-21).
    In its proposed rulemaking for commercial and industrial fans and 
blowers, the CEC did not propose a credit when establishing the FEI of 
fans with controllers and did not specify a different minimum FEI level 
when proposing energy conservation standards for fans with a 
controller.\105\ Instead, the CEC highlighted that fans with a 
controller will have a larger FEI-compliant performance capability 
compared to fans that are single speed.\106\
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    \105\ See Proposed regulatory language for Commercial and 
Industrial Fans and Blowers available in the following Docket: 22-
AAER-01 at: efiling.energy.ca.gov/Lists/DocketLog.aspx?docketnumber=22-AAER-01.
    \106\ See Staff Report, p. 36-37 for Commercial and Industrial 
Fans and Blowers available in the following Docket: 22-AAER-01 at: 
efiling.energy.ca.gov/Lists/DocketLog.aspx?docketnumber=22-AAER-01.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Consistent with industry practice, DOE proposes to adopt the FEP 
and FEI calculation as specified in AMCA 214-21 and does not propose to 
develop a control credit for fans with a controller. As stated, EPCA 
requires the DOE test procedures be reasonably designed to produce test 
results, which reflect energy efficiency and energy use during a 
representative average use cycle and not be unduly burdensome to 
conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(2)) To the extent use of a dynamic 
continuous control impacts the energy use characteristics of a fan or 
blower, appropriate consideration of any such impact would be part of 
the evaluation of potential energy conservation standards.
    DOE requests comment on its proposal to not include a credit in the 
FEP and FEI calculation for fans with a motor controller.

I. Use of a Single Test Procedure Nationally

    In response to the April 2020 Notice of Petition, ebm-papst 
requested that a DOE test procedure preempt potentially differing 
physical test methods and calculations associated with existing, 
pending, and future building energy codes and fan standards anywhere in 
the Nation. (Docket No. EERE-2020-BT-PET-0003, ebm-papst, No. 9 at p. 
1)
    As previously noted, Federal energy efficiency requirements for 
covered equipment established under EPCA generally supersede State laws 
and regulations concerning energy conservation testing, labeling, and 
standards. (42 U.S.C. 6316(a) and (b); 42 U.S.C. 6297) DOE may, 
however, grant waivers of Federal preemption for particular State laws 
or regulations, in accordance with the procedures and other provisions 
of EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6316(b)(2)(D)) With respect to equipment covered by 
DOE under section 6311(1)(L), pre-emption of State or local standards 
for that equipment would begin on the date that an energy conservation 
standard is established, except where state or local standards have 
already been established. (42 U.S.C. 6316(a)(10)) Pre-emption of 
existing State regulations would begin on the date compliance is 
required with the Federal energy conservation standard, should such a 
standard be established. (Id.) As DOE established fans and blowers as a 
covered equipment under its authority in section 6311(1)(L), pre-
emption of State or local standards will not apply until DOE 
establishes standards for this equipment (if the State or locality has 
not adopted their own standard) or until the DOE standard takes effect 
(if the State or locality has existing standards for the covered 
equipment in place).

J. Alternative Energy Determination Methods (AEDM)

    For certain covered equipment, DOE permits the use of an AEDM 
subject to the requirements at 10 CFR 429.70. An AEDM is a mathematical 
model based on the covered equipment design, and mitigates the 
potential cost associated with having to physically test units. AEDMs 
are permitted in instances in which the model can reasonably predict 
the equipment's energy efficiency performance.
    Although specific requirements vary by product or equipment, use of 
an AEDM entails development of a mathematical model that estimates 
energy efficiency or energy consumption characteristics of the basic 
model, as would be measured by the

[[Page 44241]]

applicable DOE test procedure. 10 CFR 429.70(c)(1)(i). The AEDM must be 
based on engineering or statistical analysis, computer simulation or 
modeling, or other analytic evaluation of performance data. 10 CFR 
429.70(c)(1)(ii). A manufacturer must validate an AEDM by demonstrating 
that its predicted efficiency performance of the evaluated equipment 
agrees with the performance as measured by actual testing in accordance 
with the applicable DOE test procedure. 10 CFR 429.70(c)(1)(iii). The 
validation procedure and requirements, including the statistical 
tolerance, number of basic models, and number of units tested vary by 
product. 10 CFR 429.70(c)(2).
    Once developed, an AEDM may be used for representations of the 
performance of untested basic models in lieu of physical testing. The 
manufacturer, by using an AEDM, bears the responsibility and risk of 
the validity of the ratings, including cases where the manufacturer 
receives and relies on performance data for certain components from a 
component manufacturer.
    AEDMs, when properly developed, can provide a straight-forward and 
accurate means to predict the energy usage or efficiency 
characteristics of a basic model of a given covered product or 
equipment and reduce the burden and cost associated with testing. Where 
authorized by regulation, AEDMs enable manufacturers to rate and 
certify the compliance of their basic models by using the projected 
energy use or energy efficiency results derived from these simulation 
models in lieu of testing.
    The Working Group recommended allowing the use of an AEDM to 
generate the represented values of FEP and FEI of a fan basic model. 
(Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, No. 179, Recommendations #23, #24, 
#25 at pp. 12-13)
    DOE proposes to allow the use of an AEDM in lieu of testing to 
determine fan performance, which would mitigate the potential cost 
associated with having to physically test units.
1. Validation
    Validation is the process by which a manufacturer demonstrates that 
an AEDM meets DOE's requirements for use as a certification tool by 
physically testing a certain number of basic models and comparing the 
test results to the output of the AEDM. Before using an AEDM, a 
manufacturer must validate the AEDM's accuracy and reliability as 
follows.
    A manufacturer must select a minimum number of basic models from 
each validation class to which the AEDM applies. To validate an AEDM, 
the specified number of basic models from each validation class must be 
tested in accordance with the DOE test procedure and sampling plan in 
effect at the time those basic models used for validation are 
distributed in commerce. Testing may be conducted at a manufacturer's 
testing facility or a third-party testing facility. The resulting 
rating is directly compared to the result from the AEDM to determine 
the AEDM's validity. A manufacturer may develop multiple AEDMs per 
equipment category, and each AEDM may span multiple validation classes; 
however, the minimum number of basic models must be validated per 
equipment category for every AEDM that a manufacturer chooses to 
develop. An AEDM may be applied to any basic model within the 
applicable equipment category at the manufacturer's discretion. All 
documentation of testing, the AEDM results, and subsequent comparisons 
to the AEDM would be required to be maintained as part of both the test 
data underlying the certified rating and the AEDM validation package 
pursuant to 10 CFR 429.71.
    The Working Group recommended that the AEDM be validated by the 
testing of at least two basic models, compliant with any potential 
energy conservation standards for each equipment class.\107\ In 
addition, the Working Group recommended that if an AEDM was used to 
simulate a wire-to-air test method, then the basic models used to 
validate the AEDM had to be tested using the wire-to-air test method. 
(Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; No. 179, Recommendation #24, at p. 
13).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \107\ DOE uses validation classes for AEDMs. While validation 
classes may not directly align with equipment classes, validation 
classes are consistent with equipment classes. DOE would propose 
equipment classes in a future energy conservation standards 
rulemaking for fans and blowers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE is proposing to include fan and blower validation classes at 10 
CFR 429.70(k) and to require that two basic models per validation class 
be tested using the relevant proposed test procedure. This number of 
basic models is consistent with the number of basic models required for 
most DOE-regulated equipment that utilize AEDMs. In addition, at least 
one basic model selected for validation testing would be required to 
include a motor, or a motor and controller of each topology (e.g., 
induction, permanent magnet, electronically commutated motor) included 
in the AEDM. In addition, DOE proposes that if the AEDM is intended to 
represent the wire-to-air test method, then the testing of the basic 
models used to validate the AEDM must be performed according to the 
wire-to-air test method. Similarly, if the AEDM is intended to 
represent the fan shaft power test method, DOE proposes that the 
testing of the basic models used to validate the AEDM be performed 
according to the fan shaft power test method.
    DOE's proposed validation classes for fans and blowers are listed 
as follows: (1) Centrifugal housed; (2) Radial housed; (3) Centrifugal 
inline; (4) Centrifugal unhoused; (5) Centrifugal PRV exhaust; (6) ; 
Centrifugal PRV supply; (7) Axial inline; (8) Axial panel; (9) Axial 
PRV; (10) unhoused ACFH; (11) air circulating axial panel fan; (12) box 
fan; (13) cylindrical air circulating fan; and (14) housed centrifugal 
air circulating fan.
    The Working Group recommended adding a tolerance of five percent to 
the results of the AEDM for the basic models used for validation of the 
AEDM. The Working Group recommended that the predicted FEP using the 
AEDM may not be more than five percent less than the FEP determined 
from the test according to the DOE test procedure for the basic models 
used to validate an AEDM. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006; No. 179, 
Recommendation #25, at p. 13).
    The Working Group recommendation would require that the FEP 
calculated by an AEDM must be greater than or equal to 95 percent of 
the FEP determined testing the basic models used to validate the AEDM. 
This is equivalent to requiring that the FEI determined using the FEP 
calculated by an AEDM must be less than or equal to 100/0.95 percent or 
approximately 105 percent of the FEI calculated using the FEP 
determined from testing the basic models used to validate the 
AEDM.\108\
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    \108\ The FEI is equal to the reference FEP (FEP-ref) divided by 
the FEP of the actual fan. Therefore, if the FEP calculated using 
the AEDM (FEP-AEDM) is greater than or equal to 95 percent of the 
FEP (FEP-test) determined through testing, the FEP-ref/FEP-AEDM is 
less than or equal to 1/0.95 * FEP-ref/FEP-test.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE proposes to apply the 5 percent tolerance to the FEI because 
FEI is the proposed metric. DOE proposes that the FEI calculated by an 
AEDM must be less than or equal to 105 percent of the FEI determined 
from the test of the basic models used to validate the AEDM.
2. Additional AEDM Requirements
    Consistent with provisions for other commercial and industrial 
equipment, DOE proposes to require that, if requested by DOE, a 
manufacturer must perform at least one of the following activities: (1) 
conduct a simulation

[[Page 44242]]

before a DOE representative to predict the performance of particular 
basic models of the equipment to which the AEDM was applied; (2) 
provide analysis of previous simulations conducted by the manufacturer; 
or (3) conduct certification testing of basic model(s) selected by DOE.
    In addition, DOE proposes that when making representations of 
values other than FEI (e.g., FEP, fan shaft power) for a basic model 
that relies on an AEDM, all other representations would be required to 
be based on the same AEDM results used to generate the represented 
value of FEI.
3. AEDM Verification Testing
    Consistent with provisions for certain other commercial and 
industrial equipment, DOE proposes including in 10 CFR 429.70(k) 
provisions related to AEDM verification testing for fans and blowers, 
including: (1) selection of units from retail if available, or 
otherwise from a manufacturer, (2) independent, third-party testing if 
available, or otherwise at a manufacturer's facility, (3) testing 
performed without manufacturer representatives on-site, (4) testing in 
accordance with the DOE test procedure, any active test procedures, any 
guidance issued by DOE, and lab communication with the manufacturer 
only if DOE organizes it, (5) notification of manufacturer if a model 
tests worse than its certified rating by an amount exceeding a 5 
percent tolerance with opportunity for the manufacturer to respond, (6) 
potential finding of the rating for the model to be invalid, and (7) 
specifications regarding when a manufacturer's use of an AEDM may be 
restricted due to prior invalid represented values and how a 
manufacturer could regain the privilege of using an AEDM for rating.
    DOE requests feedback regarding all aspects of its proposal to 
permit use of an AEDM for fans and blowers, and any data or information 
comparing modeled performance with the results of physical testing. DOE 
specifically seeks comment on its proposed validation classes, and 
whether different number of basic models should be considered.

K. Sampling Plan

    DOE provides sampling provisions for determining represented values 
of energy use or energy efficiency of a covered product or equipment. 
See generally 10 CFR part 429. These sampling provisions provide 
uniform statistical methods that require testing a sample of units that 
is large enough to account for reasonable manufacturing variability 
among individual units of a basic model, or variability in the test 
methodology, such that the test results for the overall sample will be 
reasonably representative of the efficiency of that basic model.
    The general sampling requirement currently applicable to all 
covered products and equipment provides that a sample of sufficient 
size must be randomly selected and tested and that, unless otherwise 
specified, a minimum of two units must be tested to certify a basic 
model. 10 CFR 429.11. This minimum is implicit in the requirement to 
calculate a mean--an average--which requires at least two values. 
Manufacturers can increase their sample size to narrow the margin of 
error. The design of the sampling plan is intended to determine an 
accurate assessment of product or equipment performance, within 
specified confidence limits, without imposing an undue testing or 
economic burden on manufacturers. Different samples from the same 
population will generate different values for the sample average. An 
interval estimate quantifies this uncertainty in the sample estimate by 
computing lower and upper confidence limits (``LCL'' and ``UCL'') of an 
interval (centered on the average of the sample) which will, with a 
given level of confidence, contain the population average. Instead of a 
single estimate for the average of the population (i.e., the average of 
the sample), a confidence interval generates a lower and upper limit 
for the average of the population. The interval estimate gives an 
indication of how much uncertainty there is in the estimate of the 
average of the population.\109\ Confidence limits are expressed in 
terms of a confidence coefficient. For covered equipment and products, 
the confidence coefficient typically ranges from 90 to 99 percent.\110\ 
The confidence coefficient, for example 97.5 percent means that if an 
infinite number of samples are collected, and the confidence interval 
computed, 97.5 percent of these intervals would contain the average of 
the population: i.e., although the average of the entire population is 
not known, there is a high probability (97.5 percent confidence level) 
that it is greater than or equal to the LCL and less than or equal to 
the UCL.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \109\ NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods, https://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda352.htm.
    \110\ 10 CFR part 429 outlines sampling plans for certification 
testing for product or equipment covered by EPCA.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    To ensure that the represented value of efficiency is no greater 
than the population average, the sampling plans for determination of 
the represented value typically consist of testing a representative 
sample to insure that . . . (ii) Any represented value of energy 
efficiency \111\ . . . shall be no greater than the lower of (A) the 
average of the sample (x) or (B) the lower XX confidence limit of the 
true mean divided by K, where the values for XX and K vary with product 
or equipment type. XX, the confidence limit, typically ranges from 90 
to 99 percent, while K, an adjustment factor, typically ranges from 0.9 
to 0.99. The specific values for XX and K for a particular product or 
equipment are selected based on an expected level of variability in 
product performance and measurement uncertainty. 10 CFR 429.14 through 
10 CFR 429.63. Requiring that the represented value be less than or 
equal to the LCL would ensure that the represented value of efficiency 
is no greater than the population average. DOE divides the LCL by K to 
provide additional tolerance to account for variability in product 
performance and measurement uncertainty.\112\ The comparison with the 
average of the sample further ensures that if LCL divided by K is 
greater than x, the represented value is established using the average 
of the sample. In addition, DOE relies on a one-sided confidence limit 
to provide the option for manufacturers to rate more conservatively.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \111\ Or any other metric for which the consumer will favor a 
higher value, such as FEI.
    \112\ For example, if DOE expects that the variability for 
measured performance is within a margin of 3 percent, DOE will use a 
K value of 0.97. See for example 79 FR 32019, 32037 (June 3, 2014).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Working Group recommended that a represented value of a basic 
model be based on a minimum of one test, where the tested value must be 
less than the represented value. The Working Group did not provide 
recommendations to address a situation in which a manufacturer chooses 
to increase their test sample size. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, 
No. 179, Recommendation #23 at p. 12) The Petitioners also requested 
that manufacturers be allowed to establish FEP and FEI ratings of a fan 
basic model based on testing of a single unit. (Docket No. EERE-2020-
BT-PET-0003, The Petitioners, No. 1.3 at p. 8)
    In response to the October 2021 RFI, AMCA commented that they do 
not yet have a specific sampling recommendation it can support with 
data and analyses. AMCA would prefer to use the ratings and sampling 
methods embodied in AMCA Publication 211, ``Certified Ratings Program 
Product Rating Manual for Fan Air Performance'', which is the program's 
operating manual for certifying fans to

[[Page 44243]]

AMCA's certification programs. (AMCA, No. 6 at p. 10)
    DOE proposes that a minimum sample size of two units would be used 
when making representations of FEP, FEI, and BHP, as applicable. This 
proposal is consistent with the statistical sampling requirements in 
place for other commercial and industrial equipment regulated by 
DOE.\113\ In addition, DOE proposes that the FEI be rounded to the 
nearest hundredth. These requirements would be added to 10 CFR 429.66.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \113\ The general sampling requirement currently applicable to 
all covered products and equipment provides that a sample of 
sufficient size must be randomly selected and tested to ensure 
compliance and that, unless otherwise specified, a minimum of two 
units must be tested to certify a basic model as compliant. See 10 
CFR 429.11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE seeks information on whether the statistical sampling plans 
used for other commercial and industrial equipment at 10 CFR part 429 
would be appropriate for fans and blowers. If not, DOE requests 
information and data to explain why not, and what changes would be 
appropriate. DOE also requests comment on the proposed minimum sample 
size.

L. Enforcement Provisions

    DOE proposes to add specific enforcement testing provisions for 
fans and blowers at 10 CFR 429.110 and proposes that DOE would use an 
initial sample size of not more than four units and would determine 
compliance based on the arithmetic mean of the sample. This is similar 
to existing enforcement testing provisions for pumps and HVACR 
equipment.
    DOE proposes to add product-specific enforcement provisions for 
fans and blowers other than air circulating fans to specify that: (1) 
geometric similarity of two or more fans will be verified by requiring 
that the manufacturer provides all fan design dimensions as described 
in Annex K of AMCA 214-21; and (2) DOE will test each fan basic model 
according to the test method (specified by the manufacturer in any 
certification report (i.e., based on Sections 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 or 6.4 of 
AMCA 214-21).

M. Test Procedure Costs and Impact

    As previously discussed, DOE proposes to establish a test procedure 
for fans and blowers at 10 CFR part 431 subpart J and a newly proposed 
appendix A and appendix B as follows: (1) adopting through reference 
the test methods in AMCA 214-21, with certain modifications; (2) 
adopting through reference certain test procedure provisions in AMCA 
210-16 and AMCA 230-15 with errata, as referenced by AMCA 214-21; and 
(3) specifying FEP and FEI as the relevant metrics, based on AMCA 214-
21. Additionally, DOE is proposing to add section 66 to 10 CFR part 
429, which adds fan and blower sampling requirements and provisions 
related to determining represented values, and to add section (k) to 10 
CFR 429.70, which specifies alternative efficiency determination method 
requirements. DOE has tentatively determined that the proposed test 
procedure would impact testing costs as discussed in the following 
paragraphs.
    By proposing to adopt industry standards, DOE has tentatively 
determined that the test procedure proposed in this NOPR would be 
reasonably designed to produce test results, which reflect energy 
efficiency and energy use of fans and blowers during a representative 
average use cycle and that would not be unduly burdensome for 
manufacturers to conduct. DOE is presenting the costs associated with 
performing testing according to the proposed test procedure at third-
party testing facilities (i.e., facilities that are not operated by the 
manufacturer whose product is being tested).
    DOE recognizes that some manufacturers of fans and blowers may 
operate their own testing facilities or may establish in-house testing 
facilities suitable for obtaining representative efficiency values 
using the test procedure proposed in this NOPR. In order to establish a 
test laboratory capable of testing to the proposed test procedure, DOE 
expects that manufacturers could have substantial initial capital 
costs; however, DOE anticipates that the cost to perform a test would 
be less for in-house testing than for third-party testing. Therefore, 
it is expected that over the lifetime of a new test laboratory, the 
initial expense of the capital costs would be less than the total cost 
of third-party testing. For the purpose of estimating the costs in 
order to properly represent efficiency values for fans and blowers 
according to the test procedure proposed in this NOPR, DOE analyzed the 
case of testing at third-party laboratories.
1. Estimated Costs for Testing Fans and Blowers at a Third-Party 
Facility
    In the case of testing at third-party testing facilities, DOE 
estimates a per-test cost of $3,000 for AMCA members and $6,000 for 
non-AMCA members. These estimates are based on statements made by AMCA 
during the ASRAC negotiations, where a member cost of $3,000 per test 
and a non-member cost of no more than double the member cost were 
stated. (Docket No. EERE-2013-BT-STD-0006, #82, p. 228) DOE estimates 
that approximately 60 percent of fan manufacturers are AMCA members and 
that the remaining 40 percent are not AMCA members. Utilizing these 
percentages and the respective costs per test for AMCA members and non-
AMCA members, DOE estimates the aggregated average test cost would be 
$4,200 for third-party testing of both general fans and air circulating 
fans. As stated in section III.K, DOE proposes that basic model 
representations would be required to be based on testing a minimum of 
two units. Therefore, DOE estimates that it will cost $8,400 to test a 
basic model.
    DOE requests feedback on its assumption that it would cost an 
average of $4,200 to test one fan for both general fans and air 
circulating fans. Additionally, DOE requests data on third-party 
laboratory testing costs (other than AMCA).
    DOE requests feedback on the method described above for estimating 
manufacturer per-model testing costs of general fans and air 
circulating fans. Additionally, DOE requests feedback and data on the 
total testing costs per basic model for testing at third-party 
facilities.
2. Estimated Cost To Develop, Validate, and Implement an AEDM
    As previously discussed, an AEDM is a mathematical model developed 
by a manufacturer that estimates the energy efficiency or energy 
consumption characteristics of a basic model as measured by the 
applicable DOE test procedure. Before using an AEDM, a manufacturer 
must validate the AEDM's accuracy and reliability by physically testing 
a certain number of basic models and comparing the test results to the 
output of the AEDM.
    DOE assumes a mechanical engineer would develop and validate a new 
AEDM. Based on wage and salary data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics 
(``BLS''), DOE estimates the hourly fully burdened mechanical 
engineering wage to be approximately $66.\114\ DOE also estimates that 
it would take 24 labor

[[Page 44244]]

hours per validation class for an engineer to develop and validate an 
AEDM using existing simulation tools. Therefore, DOE estimated the cost 
of a fully burdened mechanical engineer as approximately $1,600 per 
validation class. As discussed in section III.J.1, testing of two basic 
models is required to validate an AEDM for a specific validation class. 
One unit must be tested per basic model in order to validate an AEDM. 
10 CFR 429.70(c)(2)(i) Therefore, two physical tests on two different 
basic models are required for validation of a fans and blowers AEDM. As 
discussed in the previous section, DOE estimates the average cost per 
test to be $4,200. Therefore, the total estimated manufacturer cost to 
develop and validate an AEDM for a single validation class is estimated 
to be $10,000, which is the cost to perform one test on two basic 
models at a third-party lab ($8,400) plus the fully burdened cost of a 
mechanical engineer's time to develop and validate the AEDM ($1,600).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \114\ DOE estimated the hourly wage using data from BLS's 
``Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2021'' publication. DOE 
used the ``Mechanical Engineers'' mean hourly wage of $46.64 to 
estimate the hourly wage rate (www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes172141.htm). DOE then used BLS's ``Employer Costs for Employee 
Compensation--December 2021'' to estimate that wages and salary 
account for approximately 70.5 percent of compensation for private 
industry workers (www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/ecec_03182022.pdf). Last accessed on April 2, 2022. Therefore, DOE 
estimated a fully burdened labor rate of $66.16 ($46.64 / 0.705 = 
$66.16).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE assumes a mechanical technician would implement an AEDM once it 
is developed. Based on wage and salary data from the Bureau of Labor 
Statistics, DOE estimates the hourly fully burdened mechanical 
technician wage to be approximately $43.\115\ DOE estimates that it 
would take a mechanical technician 1 hour to determine the 
representative values necessary to certify a basic model using an AEDM. 
Therefore, the estimated cost to implement an AEDM to develop certified 
ratings is $43 per basic model.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \115\ DOE estimated the hourly wage using data from BLS's 
``Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2021'' publication. DOE 
used the ``Mechanical Engineering Technologists and Technicians'' 
mean hourly wage of $30.47 to estimate the hourly wage rate 
(www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes173027.htm). DOE then used BLS's 
``Employer Costs for Employee Compensation--December 2021'' to 
estimate that wages and salary account for approximately 70.5 
percent of compensation for private industry workers (www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/ecec_03182022.pdf). Last accessed on April 2, 
2022. Therefore, DOE estimated a fully burdened labor rate of $43.22 
($30.47 / 0.705 = $43.22).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE requests comment on its assumption that manufacturers have 
existing simulation tools that a mechanical engineer could use to 
develop an AEDM. Additionally, DOE requests comment on its assumption 
that AEDMs would be developed by a mechanical engineer and later 
utilized by mechanical technicians to develop certified ratings for 
each basic model. Finally, DOE requests comment on its assumption that 
it would take a mechanical engineering approximately 24 working hours 
to develop an AEDM and that it would take a mechanical technician 
approximately 1 hour per basic model to develop certified ratings from 
an AEDM.
3. Voluntary Representations
    If manufacturers voluntarily make representations regarding the 
energy consumption or cost of energy of the fans and blowers that are 
proposed to be in-scope for the proposed test procedure (listed in 
Section III.A of this document), they would be required to make 
representations based on testing according to the DOE test procedure. 
(42 U.S.C. 6314(d)(1)) DOE has initially determined that the 
implementation of the proposed test procedure, if finalized, would 
result in added costs to fan and blower manufacturers if manufacturers 
choose to make efficiency representations. These added costs pertain to 
manufacturers that would need to update current efficiency 
representations in marketing materials and those that would choose to 
add efficiency representations to marketing materials.

N. Compliance Date

    EPCA prescribes that, if DOE amends a test procedure, all 
representations of energy efficiency and energy use, including those 
made on marketing materials and product labels, must be made in 
accordance with that amended test procedure, beginning 180 days after 
publication of such a test procedure final rule in the Federal 
Register. (42 U.S.C. 6314(d)(1)) To the extent the test procedure 
proposed in this document is required only for the evaluation and 
issuance of new efficiency standards, use of the proposed test 
procedure, if finalized, would not be required until the implementation 
date of new standards. 10 CFR 431.4; Section 8(e) of appendix A 10 CFR 
part 430 subpart C.
    If DOE were to publish a new test procedure, EPCA provides an 
allowance for individual manufacturers to petition DOE for an extension 
of the 180-day period if the manufacturer may experience undue hardship 
in meeting the deadline. (42 U.S.C. 6314(d)(2)) To receive such an 
extension, petitions must be filed with DOE no later than 60 days 
before the end of the 180-day period and must detail how the 
manufacturer will experience undue hardship. (Id.)

IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review

A. Review Under Executive Orders 12866 and 13563

    Executive Order (E.O.) 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review, as 
supplemented and reaffirmed by E.O. 13563, Improving Regulation and 
Regulatory Review'', 76 FR 3821 (Jan. 21, 2011), requires agencies, to 
the extent permitted by law, to (1) propose or adopt a regulation only 
upon a reasoned determination that its benefits justify its costs 
(recognizing that some benefits and costs are difficult to quantify); 
(2) tailor regulations to impose the least burden on society, 
consistent with obtaining regulatory objectives, taking into account, 
among other things, and to the extent practicable, the costs of 
cumulative regulations; (3) select, in choosing among alternative 
regulatory approaches, those approaches that maximize net benefits 
(including potential economic, environmental, public health and safety, 
and other advantages; distributive impacts; and equity); (4) to the 
extent feasible, specify performance objectives, rather than specifying 
the behavior or manner of compliance that regulated entities must 
adopt; and (5) identify and assess available alternatives to direct 
regulation, including providing economic incentives to encourage the 
desired behavior, such as user fees or marketable permits, or providing 
information upon which choices can be made by the public. DOE 
emphasizes as well that E.O. 13563 requires agencies to use the best 
available techniques to quantify anticipated present and future 
benefits and costs as accurately as possible. In its guidance, the 
Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) in the Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB) has emphasized that such techniques may 
include identifying changing future compliance costs that might result 
from technological innovation or anticipated behavioral changes. For 
the reasons stated in the preamble, this proposed regulatory action is 
consistent with these principles.
    Section 6(a) of E.O. 12866 also requires agencies to submit 
significant regulatory actions to OIRA for review. OIRA has determined 
that this proposed regulatory action does not constitute a significant 
regulatory action under section 3(f) of E.O. 12866. Accordingly, this 
action was not submitted to OIRA for review under E.O. 12866.

B. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires 
preparation of an initial regulatory flexibility analysis (IRFA) for 
any rule that by law must be proposed for public comment, unless the 
agency certifies that the rule, if promulgated, will not have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. 
As

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required by Executive Order 13272, Proper Consideration of Small 
Entities in Agency Rulemaking, 67 FR 53461 (August 16, 2002), DOE 
published procedures and policies on February 19, 2003, to ensure that 
the potential impacts of its rules on small entities are properly 
considered during the DOE rulemaking process. 68 FR 7990. DOE has made 
its procedures and policies available on the Office of the General 
Counsel's website: www.energy.gov/gc/office-general-counsel.
    The following sections detail DOE's IRFA for this test procedure 
rulemaking:
1. Descriptions of Reasons Why Action Is Being Considered
    DOE is proposing to establish a test procedure for fans and blowers 
at subpart J of 10 CFR part 431. As discussed, EPCA provides that DOE 
may include a type of industrial equipment, including fans and blowers, 
as covered equipment if it determines that to do so is necessary to 
carry out the purposes of Part A-1. (42 U.S.C. 6311(2)(B)(ii) and 
(iii); 42 U.S.C. 6312(b)). The purpose of Part A-1 is to improve the 
efficiency of electric motors and pumps and certain other industrial 
equipment in order to conserve the energy resources of the Nation. (42 
U.S.C. 6312(a)) As stated, on August 19, 2021, DOE published a final 
determination determining that fans and blowers meet the statutory 
criteria for classifying industrial equipment as covered, because fans 
and blowers are a type of industrial equipment (1) which in operation 
consume, or are designed to consume, energy; (2) are to a significant 
extent distributed in commerce for industrial or commercial use; and 
(3) are not covered under 42 U.S.C. 6291(a)(2). 86 FR 46579, 46586. DOE 
also determined that coverage of fans and blowers is necessary to carry 
out the purposes of Part A-1. 86 FR 46579, 46588.
    This proposed rulemaking is in accordance with DOE's obligations 
under EPCA.
2. Objectives of, and Legal Basis for, Rule
    The energy conservation program under EPCA consists essentially of 
four parts: (1) testing, (2) labeling, (3) Federal energy conservation 
standards, and (4) certification and enforcement procedures. Relevant 
provisions of EPCA include definitions (42 U.S.C. 6311), test 
procedures (42 U.S.C. 6314), labeling provisions (42 U.S.C. 6315), 
energy conservation standards (42 U.S.C. 6313), and the authority to 
require information and reports from manufacturers. (42 U.S.C. 6316; 42 
U.S.C. 6296)
    The Federal testing requirements consist of test procedures that 
manufacturers of covered equipment must use as the basis for: (1) 
certifying to DOE that their equipment complies with the applicable 
energy conservation standards adopted pursuant to EPCA (42 U.S.C. 
6316(a); 42 U.S.C. 6295(s)), and (2) making other representations about 
the efficiency of that equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6314(d)) Similarly, DOE 
must use these test procedures to determine whether the equipment 
complies with relevant standards promulgated under EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 
6316(a); 42 U.S.C. 6295(s)
3. Description and Estimate of Small Entities Regulated
    DOE has recently conducted a focused inquiry into small business 
manufacturers of the equipment covered by this proposed rulemaking. DOE 
used the Small Business Administration (SBA) size standards to 
determine whether any small entities would be subject to the 
requirements of the proposed rule. The small business size standards 
are listed by North American Industry Classification System (``NAICS'') 
code as well as by industry description and are available at 
www.sba.gov/document/support--table-size-standards. Manufacturing 
commercial and industrial fans and blowers is classified under NAICS 
333413, ``Industrial and Commercial Fan and Blower and Air Purification 
Equipment Manufacturing.'' The SBA sets a threshold of 500 employees or 
fewer for an entity to be considered as a small business for this 
category. DOE used a combination of publicly available information and 
a private stakeholder database to create a list of potential 
manufacturers. Once DOE created a list of potential manufacturers, DOE 
used market research tools to determine whether any met the SBA's 
definition of a small entity, based on the total number of employees 
for each company including parent, subsidiary, and sister entities.
    4. Based on DOE's analysis, over 200 companies potentially selling 
commercial and industrial fans and blowers covered by this proposed 
test procedure were identified. DOE screened out companies that do not 
meet the small entity definition and additionally screened out 
companies that are largely or entirely foreign owned and operated. Of 
the identified companies, 51 were further identified as a potential 
small business manufacturing commercial and industrial fans and 
blowers.
5. Description and Estimate of Compliance Requirements
    DOE estimates that this proposed test procedure would not require 
any manufacturer to incur any testing burden associated with the 
proposed test procedure. If finalized, DOE recognizes that commercial 
and industrial fans and blowers energy conservation standards may be 
proposed or promulgated in the future and manufacturers would then be 
required to test all covered equipment in accordance with the proposed 
test procedures. (See Docket No. EERE-2021-BT-TP-0021) Therefore, 
although such is not yet required, DOE is presenting the costs 
associated with testing equipment and procedure consistent with the 
requirements of the proposed test procedure, as would be required to 
comply with any future energy conservation standards for fans and 
blowers.
    This proposed test procedure, if finalized, may result in 
manufacturers who choose to make voluntary representation incurring 
costs associated with re-testing their models to update efficiency 
representations in marketing materials based on testing according to 
the DOE test procedure. Estimated costs for testing fans and blowers is 
discussed in Section M of this notice.
(a) Establishment of a Test Procedure
    Due to the lack of a model database and the large number of 
potential small businesses, DOE selected 20 of the small businesses to 
examine for model counts--which can be averaged across the full set of 
small businesses. DOE reviewed the websites and, where available, 
product catalogs of each of the sampled small businesses manufacturing 
equipment covered by the proposed test procedure. While detailed 
product information was not availiable for three of the sampled small 
businesses, DOE identified, maximally, 2,686 models of commercial and 
industrial fans and blowers that may be covered by the proposed test 
procedure across the remaining 17 small businesses. The number of 
models identified ranged from 7 to 636 across the applicable 
manufacturers, for an average of 158 and a median of 49 models per 
manufacturer. In the intesest of arriving at an upperbound cost 
estimate, DOE assumes that all small businesses will use third-party 
testing and not implement an AEDM. DOE previously estimated a total 
average certification testing cost of $8,400 per model--$6,000 for an 
AMCA member and $12,000 for a non-AMCA member--

[[Page 44246]]

which translates to an average cost for small business manufacturers of 
$1,327,200, assuming all models are tested. Accordingly, total costs 
for small businesses, assuming that the non-sampled small businesses 
have similar model counts would be approximately $67,687,200.
    DOE was able to find annual revenue estimates for all of the 17 
small businesses sampled. Testing costs as a pecentage of estimated 
annual revenue fluctuate widely--ranging from less than one percent to 
over 70 percent--for an average of approximately 15 percent and a 
median value of approximately four percent.
(b) Establishment of an AEDM
    Establishing an AEDM for commercial and industrial fans and blowers 
is not expected to impose an additional cost on small business 
manufacturers. Manufacturers are not required to use the AEDM and using 
the AEDM to certify models is expected to result in an significantly 
lower cost relative to using the standard test procedure for all or 
most of the models a small business might produce.
6. Duplication, Overlap, and Conflict With Other Rules and Regulations
    DOE is not aware of any rules or regulations that duplicate, 
overlap, or conflict with the proposed rule being considered today.
7. Significant Alternatives to the Rule
    The discussion in this section analyzes impacts on small businesses 
that would result from DOE's proposed test procedure, if finalized. In 
reviewing alternatives to the proposed test procedure, DOE examined not 
establishing a performance-based test procedure for commercial and 
industrial fans and blowers. While not establishing performance-based 
test procedures for commercial and industrial fans and blowers would 
reduce the burden on small businesses, DOE must use test procedures to 
determine whether the products comply with relevant standards 
promulgated under EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6295(s))
    DOE notes there currently are no energy conservation standards 
prescribed for commercial and industrial fans and blowers. Therefore, 
manufacturers would not be required to conduct the proposed test 
procedure, if made final, until such time as compliance is required 
with energy conservation standards, should DOE establish such 
standards, unless manufacturers voluntarily chose to make 
representations as to the energy use or energy efficiency of commercial 
and industrial fans and blowers.
    DOE has tentatively determined that there are no better 
alternatives than the proposed amendments in terms of meeting the 
agency's objectives to measure energy efficiency more accurately and to 
reduce burden on manufacturers. Therefore, DOE is proposing in this 
NOPR to amend the existing DOE test procedure for fans and blowers.
    Additional compliance flexibilities may be available through other 
means. Notably, section 504 of the Department of Energy Organization 
Act, 42 U.S.C. 7194, provides authority for the Secretary to adjust a 
rule issued under EPCA in order to prevent ``special hardship, 
inequity, or unfair distribution of burdens'' that may be imposed on 
that manufacturer as a result of such rule. Manufacturers should refer 
to 10 CFR part 430, subpart E, and 10 CFR part 1003 for additional 
details.

C. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

    Manufacturers of covered equipment must certify to DOE that their 
products comply with any applicable energy conservation standards. To 
certify compliance, manufacturers must first obtain test data for their 
products according to the DOE test procedures, including any amendments 
adopted for those test procedures. DOE has established regulations for 
the certification and recordkeeping requirements for certain covered 
consumer products and commercial equipment. (See generally 10 CFR part 
429.) The collection-of-information requirement for the certification 
and recordkeeping is subject to review and approval by OMB under the 
Paperwork Reduction Act (``PRA''). This requirement has been approved 
by OMB under OMB control number 1910-1400. Public reporting burden for 
the certification is estimated to average 35 hours per response, 
including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data 
sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and 
reviewing the collection of information.
    This proposed rule would not establish any certification or 
recordkeeping requirements on manufacturers of fans and blowers. Were 
DOE to establish energy conservation standards for fans and blowers, 
certification data would be required for fans and blowers subject to 
such standards; however, DOE is not proposing certification or 
reporting requirements for fans and blowers in this NOPR. Instead, DOE 
may consider proposals to establish certification requirements and 
reporting for fans and blowers under a separate rulemaking regarding 
appliance and equipment certification. DOE will address changes to OMB 
Control Number 1910-1400 at that time, as necessary.
    Notwithstanding any other provision of the law, no person is 
required to respond to, nor shall any person be subject to a penalty 
for failure to comply with, a collection of information subject to the 
requirements of the PRA, unless that collection of information displays 
a currently valid OMB Control Number.

D. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

    In this NOPR, DOE proposes a new test procedure that it expects 
will be used to develop and implement future energy conservation 
standards for fans and blowers. DOE has determined that this rule falls 
into a class of actions that are categorically excluded from review 
under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et 
seq.) and DOE's implementing regulations at 10 CFR part 1021. 
Specifically, DOE has determined that adopting test procedures for 
measuring energy efficiency of consumer products and industrial 
equipment is consistent with activities identified in 10 CFR part 1021, 
appendix A to subpart D, A5 and A6. Accordingly, neither an 
environmental assessment nor an environmental impact statement is 
required.

E. Review Under Executive Order 13132

    Executive Order 13132, ``Federalism,'' 64 FR 43255 (Aug. 4, 1999) 
imposes certain requirements on agencies formulating and implementing 
policies or regulations that preempt State law or that have federalism 
implications. The Executive order requires agencies to examine the 
constitutional and statutory authority supporting any action that would 
limit the policymaking discretion of the States and to carefully assess 
the necessity for such actions. The Executive order also requires 
agencies to have an accountable process to ensure meaningful and timely 
input by State and local officials in the development of regulatory 
policies that have federalism implications. On March 14, 2000, DOE 
published a statement of policy describing the intergovernmental 
consultation process it will follow in the development of such 
regulations. 65 FR 13735. DOE has examined this proposed rule and has 
determined that it would not have a substantial direct effect on the 
States, on the relationship between the national government and the 
States,

[[Page 44247]]

or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various 
levels of government. EPCA governs and prescribes Federal preemption of 
State regulations as to energy conservation for the products that are 
the subject of this proposed rule. Federal energy efficiency 
requirements for covered equipment established under EPCA supersede 
State laws and regulations concerning energy conservation testing, 
labeling, and standards beginning on the date on which a final rule 
establishing an energy conservation standard is issued by the 
Secretary, except that any State or local standard prescribed or 
enacted or the equipment before the date on which the final rule is 
issued shall not be preempted until the energy conservation standard 
established by the Secretary for the equipment takes effect. (42 U.S.C. 
6316(a)(10); 42 U.S.C. 6297) DOE may, however, grant waivers of Federal 
preemption for particular State laws or regulations, in accordance with 
the procedures and other provisions of EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6316(b)(2)(D)) 
No further action is required by Executive Order 13132.

F. Review Under Executive Order 12988

    Regarding the review of existing regulations and the promulgation 
of new regulations, section 3(a) of Executive Order 12988, ``Civil 
Justice Reform,'' 61 FR 4729 (Feb. 7, 1996), imposes on Federal 
agencies the general duty to adhere to the following requirements: (1) 
eliminate drafting errors and ambiguity, (2) write regulations to 
minimize litigation, (3) provide a clear legal standard for affected 
conduct rather than a general standard, and (4) promote simplification 
and burden reduction. Section 3(b) of Executive Order 12988 
specifically requires that executive agencies make every reasonable 
effort to ensure that the regulation (1) clearly specifies the 
preemptive effect, if any, (2) clearly specifies any effect on existing 
Federal law or regulation, (3) provides a clear legal standard for 
affected conduct while promoting simplification and burden reduction, 
(4) specifies the retroactive effect, if any, (5) adequately defines 
key terms, and (6) addresses other important issues affecting clarity 
and general draftsmanship under any guidelines issued by the Attorney 
General. Section 3(c) of Executive Order 12988 requires executive 
agencies to review regulations in light of applicable standards in 
sections 3(a) and 3(b) to determine whether they are met or it is 
unreasonable to meet one or more of them. DOE has completed the 
required review and determined that, to the extent permitted by law, 
the proposed rule meets the relevant standards of Executive Order 
12988.

G. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995

    Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (``UMRA'') 
requires each Federal agency to assess the effects of Federal 
regulatory actions on State, local, and Tribal governments and the 
private sector. Public Law 104-4, sec. 201 (codified at 2 U.S.C. 1531). 
For a proposed regulatory action likely to result in a rule that may 
cause the expenditure by State, local, and Tribal governments, in the 
aggregate, or by the private sector of $100 million or more in any one 
year (adjusted annually for inflation), section 202 of UMRA requires a 
Federal agency to publish a written statement that estimates the 
resulting costs, benefits, and other effects on the national economy. 
(2 U.S.C. 1532(a), (b)) The UMRA also requires a Federal agency to 
develop an effective process to permit timely input by elected officers 
of State, local, and Tribal governments on a proposed ``significant 
intergovernmental mandate,'' and requires an agency plan for giving 
notice and opportunity for timely input to potentially affected small 
governments before establishing any requirements that might 
significantly or uniquely affect small governments. On March 18, 1997, 
DOE published a statement of policy on its process for 
intergovernmental consultation under UMRA. 62 FR 12820; also available 
at www.energy.gov/gc/office-general-counsel. DOE examined this proposed 
rule according to UMRA and its statement of policy and determined that 
the rule contains neither an intergovernmental mandate, nor a mandate 
that may result in the expenditure of $100 million or more in any year, 
so these requirements do not apply.

H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 
1999

    Section 654 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations 
Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105-277) requires Federal agencies to issue a Family 
Policymaking Assessment for any rule that may affect family well-being. 
This proposed rule would not have any impact on the autonomy or 
integrity of the family as an institution. Accordingly, DOE has 
concluded that it is not necessary to prepare a Family Policymaking 
Assessment.

I. Review Under Executive Order 12630

    DOE has determined, under Executive Order 12630, ``Governmental 
Actions and Interference with Constitutionally Protected Property 
Rights'' 53 FR 8859 (March 18, 1988), that this proposed regulation 
would not result in any takings that might require compensation under 
the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

J. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 
2001

    Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations 
Act, 2001 (44 U.S.C. 3516 note) provides for agencies to review most 
disseminations of information to the public under guidelines 
established by each agency pursuant to general guidelines issued by 
OMB. OMB's guidelines were published at 67 FR 8452 (Feb. 22, 2002), and 
DOE's guidelines were published at 67 FR 62446 (Oct. 7, 2002). Pursuant 
to OMB Memorandum M-19-15, Improving Implementation of the Information 
Quality Act (April 24, 2019), DOE published updated guidelines which 
are available at www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/12/f70/DOE%20Final%20Updated%20IQA%20Guidelines%20Dec%202019.pdf. DOE has 
reviewed this proposed rule under the OMB and DOE guidelines and has 
concluded that it is consistent with applicable policies in those 
guidelines.

K. Review Under Executive Order 13211

    Executive Order 13211, ``Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use,'' 66 FR 28355 
(May 22, 2001), requires Federal agencies to prepare and submit to OMB, 
a Statement of Energy Effects for any proposed significant energy 
action. A ``significant energy action'' is defined as any action by an 
agency that promulgated or is expected to lead to promulgation of a 
final rule, and that (1) is a significant regulatory action under 
Executive Order 12866, or any successor order; and (2) is likely to 
have a significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use 
of energy; or (3) is designated by the Administrator of OIRA as a 
significant energy action. For any proposed significant energy action, 
the agency must give a detailed statement of any adverse effects on 
energy supply, distribution, or use should the proposal be implemented, 
and of reasonable alternatives to the action and their expected 
benefits on energy supply, distribution, and use.
    The proposed regulatory action to amend the test procedure for 
measuring the energy efficiency of fans and blowers is not a 
significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866. Moreover, it 
would not have a

[[Page 44248]]

significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of 
energy, nor has it been designated as a significant energy action by 
the Administrator of OIRA. Therefore, it is not a significant energy 
action, and, accordingly, DOE has not prepared a Statement of Energy 
Effects.

L. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of 
1974

    Under section 301 of the Department of Energy Organization Act 
(Pub. L. 95-91; 42 U.S.C. 7101), DOE must comply with section 32 of the 
Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974, as amended by the Federal 
Energy Administration Authorization Act of 1977. (15 U.S.C. 788; 
``FEAA'') Section 32 essentially provides in relevant part that, where 
a proposed rule authorizes or requires use of commercial standards, the 
notice of proposed rulemaking must inform the public of the use and 
background of such standards. In addition, section 32(c) requires DOE 
to consult with the Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal 
Trade Commission (``FTC'') concerning the impact of the commercial or 
industry standards on competition.
    The proposed test procedure for fans and blowers would incorporate 
testing methods contained in certain sections of the following 
commercial standards: AMCA 214-21, AMCA 210-16, AMCA 230-15, AMCA 240-
15, AMCA 99-16, ISO 5801:2017, and ISO 80079-36:2016. DOE has evaluated 
these standards and is unable to conclude whether they fully complies 
with the requirements of section 32(b) of the FEAA (i.e., whether it 
was developed in a manner that fully provides for public participation, 
comment, and review.) DOE will consult with both the Attorney General 
and the Chairman of the FTC concerning the impact of these test 
procedures on competition, prior to prescribing a final rule.

M. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference

    In this NOPR, DOE proposes to incorporate by reference the test 
standards published by AMCA, titled, ``ANSI/AMCA Standard 214-21, 
``Test Procedure for Calculating Fan Energy Index for Commercial and 
Industrial Fans and Blowers.'' AMCA 214-21 is an industry-accepted test 
procedure that provides methods to determine fan electrical shaft power 
and/or electrical power, flow, and pressure and calculate the fan 
energy index (FEI) and is applicable to product sold in North America. 
AMCA 214-21 specifies testing conducted in accordance with other 
industry-accepted test procedures (also proposed for incorporation by 
reference). The test procedure proposed in this NOPR references various 
sections of AMCA 214-21 that address test setup, test conduct, and 
calculation of the FEI.
    DOE also proposes to incorporate by reference the test standards 
published by AMCA, titled ``ANSI/AMCA Standard 210/ASHRAE 51-16 
Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic 
Performance Rating;'' and ``ANSI/AMCA 230-15, ``Laboratory Methods of 
Testing Air Circulating Fans for Rating and Certification'' (with 
errata). AMCA 210-16 is an industry-accepted test procedure that 
provides methods of tests for fans and blowers that are not air 
circulating fans, and AMCA 230-15 is an industry-accepted test 
procedure that provides methods of tests for air circulating fans. 
These methods are referenced in AMCA 214-21.
    DOE further proposes to incorporate by reference the test standards 
published by AMCA, titled ``ANSI/AMCA 240-15, Laboratory Methods of 
Testing Positive Pressure Ventilators for Aerodynamic Performance 
Rating'' (``AMCA 240-15''). AMCA 240-15 is an industry-accepted test 
procedure that provides definitions and methods of tests for positive 
pressure ventilator.
    DOE further proposes to incorporate by reference the test standards 
published by AMCA, titled ``ANSI/AMCA 99-16 Standards Handbook'', 
(``AMCA 99-16''). AMCA 99-16 serves as a collection of technical 
information that is used in the development of other AMCA documents.
    Copies of AMCA 214-21, AMCA 210-16, AMCA 230-15, AMCA 240-15, and 
AMCA 99-16 may be purchased from AMCA International at 30 West 
University Drive, Arlington Heights, IL 60004-1893, or by going to 
www.amca.org.
    DOE also proposes to incorporate by reference the test standards 
published by the International Organization for Standardization, titled 
``ISO 5801:2017, Fans--Performance testing using standardized airways'' 
(``ISO 5801:2017''). ISO 5801:2017 is the industry-accepted test 
procedure that provides methods of tests for fans and blowers that are 
not air circulating fans, internationally. In addition, DOE proposes to 
incorporate by reference ISO 80079-36:2016, which specifies the method 
and requirements for design, construction, testing and marking of non-
electrical equipment intended for use in potentially explosive 
atmospheres.
    Copies of ISO 5801:2017 and ISO 80079-36:2016 may be purchased from 
International Organization for Standardization, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, 
CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, or by going to www.iso.org.

V. Public Participation

A. Participation in the Webinar

    The time and date of the webinar are listed in the DATES section at 
the beginning of this document. Webinar registration information, 
participant instructions, and information about the capabilities 
available to webinar participants will be published on DOE's website: 
www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/public-meetings-and-comment-deadlines. 
Participants are responsible for ensuring their systems are compatible 
with the webinar software.

B. Procedure for Submitting Prepared General Statements for 
Distribution

    Any person who has an interest in the topics addressed in this 
document, or who is representative of a group or class of persons that 
has an interest in these issues, may request an opportunity to make an 
oral presentation at the webinar. Such persons may submit to 
[email protected]. Persons who wish to speak 
should include with their request a computer file in WordPerfect, 
Microsoft Word, PDF, or text (ASCII) file format that briefly describes 
the nature of their interest in this rulemaking and the topics they 
wish to discuss. Such persons should also provide a daytime telephone 
number where they can be reached.

C. Conduct of the Webinar

    DOE will designate a DOE official to preside at the webinar/public 
meeting and may also use a professional facilitator to aid discussion. 
The meeting will not be a judicial or evidentiary-type public hearing, 
but DOE will conduct it in accordance with section 336 of EPCA (42 
U.S.C. 6306). A court reporter will be present to record the 
proceedings and prepare a transcript. DOE reserves the right to 
schedule the order of presentations and to establish the procedures 
governing the conduct of the webinar/public meeting. There shall not be 
discussion of proprietary information, costs or prices, market share, 
or other commercial matters regulated by U.S. anti-trust laws. After 
the webinar/public meeting and until the end of the comment period, 
interested parties may submit further comments on the proceedings and 
any aspect of the rulemaking.

[[Page 44249]]

    The webinar will be conducted in an informal, conference style. DOE 
will present a general overview of the topics addressed in this 
proposed rulemaking, allow time for prepared general statements by 
participants, and encourage all interested parties to share their views 
on issues affecting this rulemaking. Each participant will be allowed 
to make a general statement (within time limits determined by DOE), 
before the discussion of specific topics. DOE will permit, as time 
permits, other participants to comment briefly on any general 
statements.
    At the end of all prepared statements on a topic, DOE will permit 
participants to clarify their statements briefly. Participants should 
be prepared to answer questions by DOE and by other participants 
concerning these issues. DOE representatives may also ask questions of 
participants concerning other matters relevant to this rulemaking. The 
official conducting the webinar/public meeting will accept additional 
comments or questions from those attending, as time permits. The 
presiding official will announce any further procedural rules or 
modification of the above procedures that may be needed for the proper 
conduct of the webinar/public meeting.
    A transcript of the webinar will be included in the docket, which 
can be viewed as described in the Docket section at the beginning of 
this document. In addition, any person may buy a copy of the transcript 
from the transcribing reporter.

D. Submission of Comments

    DOE will accept comments, data, and information regarding this 
proposed rule before or after the public meeting, but no later than the 
date provided in the DATES section at the beginning of this proposed 
rule.\116\ Interested parties may submit comments using any of the 
methods described in the ADDRESSES section at the beginning of this 
document.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \116\ DOE has historically provided a 75-day comment period for 
test procedure NOPRs pursuant to the North American Free Trade 
Agreement, U.S.-Canada-Mexico (``NAFTA''), Dec. 17, 1992, 32 I.L.M. 
289 (1993); the North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation 
Act, Public Law 103-182, 107 Stat. 2057 (1993) (codified as amended 
at 10 U.S.C.A. 2576) (1993) (``NAFTA Implementation Act''); and 
Executive Order 12889, ``Implementation of the North American Free 
Trade Agreement,'' 58 FR 69681 (Dec. 30, 1993). However, on July 1, 
2020, the Agreement between the United States of America, the United 
Mexican States, and the United Canadian States (``USMCA''), Nov. 30, 
2018, 134 Stat. 11 (i.e., the successor to NAFTA), went into effect, 
and Congress's action in replacing NAFTA through the USMCA 
Implementation Act, 19 U.S.C. 4501 et seq. (2020), implies the 
repeal of E.O. 12889 and its 75-day comment period requirement for 
technical regulations. Thus, the controlling laws are EPCA and the 
USMCA Implementation Act. Consistent with EPCA's public comment 
period requirements for consumer products, the USMCA only requires a 
minimum comment period of 60 days. Consequently, DOE now provides a 
60-day public comment period for test procedure NOPRs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Submitting comments via www.regulations.gov. The 
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DOE will use this information to contact you. If DOE cannot read your 
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    However, your contact information will be publicly viewable if you 
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    Do not submit to www.regulations.gov information for which 
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Confidential Business Information (``CBI'')). Comments submitted 
through www.regulations.gov cannot be claimed as CBI. Comments received 
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Business Information section.
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mail. Comments and documents submitted via email, hand delivery/
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you do not want your personal contact information to be publicly 
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documents. Instead, provide your contact information on a cover letter. 
Include your first and last names, email address, telephone number, and 
optional mailing address. The cover letter will not be publicly 
viewable as long as it does not include any comments.
    Include contact information each time you submit comments, data, 
documents, and other information to DOE. If you submit via postal mail 
or hand delivery/courier, please provide all items on a CD, if 
feasible, in which case it is not necessary to submit printed copies. 
No telefacsimiles (``faxes'') will be accepted.
    Comments, data, and other information submitted to DOE 
electronically should be provided in PDF (preferred), Microsoft Word or 
Excel, WordPerfect, or text (ASCII) file format. Provide documents that 
are not secured, that are written in English and free of any defects or 
viruses. Documents should not contain special characters or any form of 
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    Campaign form letters. Please submit campaign form letters by the 
originating organization in batches of between 50 to 500 form letters 
per PDF or as one form letter with a list of supporters' names compiled 
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time.
    Confidential Business Information. Pursuant to 10 CFR 1004.11, any 
person submitting information that he or she believes to be 
confidential and exempt by law from public disclosure should submit via 
email two well-marked copies: one copy of the document marked 
confidential including all the information believed to be confidential, 
and one copy of the document marked non-confidential with the 
information believed to be confidential deleted. DOE will make its own 
determination about the confidential status of the information and 
treat it according to its determination.
    It is DOE's policy that all comments may be included in the public 
docket, without change and as received, including any personal 
information provided in the comments (except information deemed to be 
exempt from public disclosure).

[[Page 44250]]

E. Issues on Which DOE Seeks Comment

    Although DOE welcomes comments on any aspect of this proposal, DOE 
is particularly interested in receiving comments and views of 
interested parties concerning the following issues:
    (1) DOE requests comment on the fans and blowers, other than air 
circulating fans, proposed for inclusion in the DOE test procedure.
    (2) DOE requests comment on the proposed limits based on fan 
airpower, fan shaft input power and fan electrical input power for fans 
other than air circulating fans. Specifically, DOE requests comment on 
the proposed definitions of ``static airpower'' and ``total airpower'' 
used to characterize the upper 150 horsepower limit for fans other than 
air circulating fans.
    (3) DOE requests comment on its proposed exclusions from the 
proposed scope of applicability of the test procedure, listed as 
follows: (1) radial housed unshrouded fans with a diameter less than 30 
inches or a blade width of less than 3 inches; (2) safety fans; (3) 
induced flow fans; (4) jet fans; and (5) cross-flow fans. DOE seeks 
additional information to support exclusion from the scope of potential 
test procedures.
    (4) DOE seeks comment and input on the applicability of AMCA 214-21 
and AMCA 210-16 to fans that create a vacuum of 30 inches water gauge 
or greater. DOE requests comment on the 30 inches water gauge limit 
used by the CEC.
    (5) DOE requests comment on the proposed exclusively embedded fan 
exclusions listed in Table III 8 of this document.
    (6) DOE seeks information on whether it is common practice for 
standalone fan manufacturers that supply fans to HVACR equipment 
manufacturers to test these fans in accordance with AMCA 214-21 or AMCA 
210-16 in a standalone configuration, and to provide fan performance 
data for these fans.
    (7) DOE seeks information on whether it is common practice for 
manufacturers of HVACR equipment that manufacture and incorporate fans 
into their equipment to test these fans in accordance with AMCA 214-21 
or AMCA 210-16 in a standalone configuration, and to provide fan 
performance data to their customers.
    (8) DOE seeks comment on the estimates provided for the percentage 
of fans that are incorporated in HVACR equipment that are purchased by 
the HVACR equipment manufacturer vs. manufactured in-house.
    (9) DOE seeks comment and input regarding any physical features 
that could be used to distinguish a fan that is exclusively designed 
for use in equipment listed in Table III 8 of this document.
    (10) DOE seeks comment on the proposed definition of ``exclusively 
embedded fan''.
    (11) DOE requests comments on the proposed scope of applicability 
of the test procedure for air circulating fans.
    (12) DOE requests comment on excluding fans and blowers that are 
exclusively powered by internal combustion engines from the scope of 
this test procedure and associated energy conservation standards.
    (13) DOE requests feedback and information on the physical features 
that would help distinguish fans and blowers that are exclusively 
powered by internal combustion engines from other fans and blowers.
    (14) DOE requests comment on the definitions proposed for the 
following fan categories: (1) axial inline fan; (2) axial panel fan; 
(3) centrifugal housed fan; (4) centrifugal unhoused fan; (5) 
centrifugal inline fan; (6) radial-housed fan; and (7) PRVs, consistent 
with AMCA 214-21. If any of the definitions are not appropriate, DOE 
seeks input on how they should be amended and why.
    (15) DOE seeks input and comments on the proposed definitions of 
(1) induced flow fan, (2) jet fan, and (3) cross-flow fan consistent 
with AMCA 214-21 and AMCA 208-18. If any of the definitions are not 
appropriate, DOE seeks input on how they should be amended and why.
    (16) DOE requests comment on the proposed definition of basic 
model, with respect to fans and blowers.
    (17) DOE requests comments on its proposed definition of safety 
fans. Specifically, DOE requests comments in whether item (4) of the 
CEC definition of safety fans is equivalent to ``laboratory exhaust 
fans'' as defined in Section 3.52 of AMCA 214-21.
    (18) DOE requests comment on the proposed definitions for air 
circulating fan and related terms.
    (19) DOE requests comment on the proposed definitions related to 
heat rejection equipment.
    (20) DOE requests comment on its proposed definition of air 
circulating fan outlet area. DOE additionally requests comment on 
whether the definition of outlet area for fans and blowers other than 
air circulating fans should be revised and, if so, how.
    (21) DOE seeks information on whether, in general, AMCA 214-21, 
AMCA 210-16, and AMCA 230-15 (with errata) provide measurements which 
reflect energy efficiency or energy use during a representative average 
use cycle of the fans and blowers (including air circulating fans) 
proposed to be in scope. If these standards would not provide such 
measurements, DOE seeks input on how it should be amended and why, and 
on any other industry test standard that would be more appropriate.
    (22) DOE requests comment and supporting data on whether AMCA 214-
21 and ISO 5801:2017 produce equivalent test results.
    (23) DOE seeks information and data to assist in evaluating the 
repeatability and reproducibility of AMCA 214-21, AMCA 210-16, and AMCA 
230-15 (with errata). DOE seeks input on whether any changes to these 
standards are needed to increase its repeatability and reproducibility.
    (24) DOE seeks information on whether changes to AMCA 214-21, AMCA 
210-16, and AMCA 230-15 (with errata) are needed to allow for the 
determination of more representative energy efficiency ratings, and any 
cost associated with a suggested change.
    (25) DOE requests comment on the physical features that could be 
identified to differentiate bare-shaft fans that can accommodate only a 
direct-drive transmission from other bare-shaft fans.
    (26) DOE requests comment on any additional revisions under 
consideration by the AMCA 230 committee that are not discussed in this 
document.
    (27) DOE requests comment on the equations provided in Section 5.3 
and section 6.4.2.3 of AMCA 214-21. Specifically, DOE requests comment 
on whether applying the method outlined in Section 6.4 of AMCA 214-21 
and the equations provided in Section 6.4.2.3 of AMCA 214-21 could 
result in a higher value of FEI than the FEI resulting from a wire-to-
air test in accordance with Section 6.1 of AMCA 214-21.
    (28) DOE requests comments on whether it should add a reference to 
section I.6 of AMCA 211-22 or replace Annex E of AMCA 214-21 by Annex I 
of AMCA 211-22.
    (29) DOE seeks feedback on its proposal that PRVs that can operate 
both as supply and exhaust fans be tested in both configurations as 
described in Table III 9.
    (30) DOE seeks comment on its proposal to test exclusively embedded 
fans in a standalone configuration outside of the equipment that 
incorporates the fan.
    (31) DOE requests comment on its proposed approach for testing air 
circulating fans that are distributed in commerce without an electric 
motor.

[[Page 44251]]

    (32) DOE requests comment on its proposal to add provisions for 
calculating the total pressure of air circulating fans based on the 
equations in Section A.2 of AMCA 208-18.
    (33) DOE requests comment on the proposed provisions related to the 
consideration of appurtenances when testing fans and blowers, including 
air circulating fans.
    (34) DOE requests comment on whether it should consider specifying 
additional provisions to describe which components should be included 
in the test.
    (35) DOE requests comment on the proposed provisions related to 
specifying which frequency, phase, and voltage to use during a test.
    (36) DOE additionally requests comment on whether the supply 
voltage requirements proposed for testing air circulating fans and fans 
and blowers other than air circulating fans would appropriately 
represent an average use cycle.
    (37) DOE seeks feedback on the options presented for specifying the 
testing speed(s) for air circulating fans and its proposal to test 
single speed fans at the single available speed, multi-speed fans at 
each available speed, and variable speed fans at 20, 40, 60, and 80 
percent of maximum speed. DOE further requests feedback on its proposal 
to clarify that if the fan minimum speed is greater than 20 percent of 
the maximum speed, the performance data would be captured and reported 
in five speeds evenly spaced throughout the speed range, including at 
minimum and maximum speeds.
    (38) DOE requests data to characterize typical air circulating fan 
operating speed(s) and time spent at each operating speed.
    (39) DOE requests feedback on whether Section 6.2 and Annex E of 
AMCA 214-21 should be applied to air circulating fans.
    (40) DOE requests comment on its proposal for determining if an air 
circulating fan has reached equilibrium prior to initiating testing. 
Specifically, DOE is soliciting comment on the test variables and 
related tolerances that it is proposing to incorporate in its 
equilibrium determination. Additionally, DOE seeks comment on the 
minimum duration and maximum interval over which equilibrium would need 
to be verified. DOE also seeks comment on which variables proposed in 
Table III-13 that, if not stable prior to test, would have the greatest 
impact on measured fan performance. Finally, DOE requests comment on 
its proposal to specify the time and frequency over which extraneous 
airflow measurements would be recorded.
    (41) DOE requests comment on its proposal for determining if a fan 
that is not an air circulating fan has reached equilibrium prior to 
initiating testing. Specifically, DOE is soliciting comment on the test 
variables and related tolerances that it is proposing to incorporate in 
its equilibrium determination. Additionally, DOE seeks comment on the 
minimum duration and maximum interval over which equilibrium would need 
to be verified. Finally, DOE seeks comment on which variables proposed 
in Table III-14 that, if not stable prior to test, would have the 
greatest impact on measured fan performance.
    (42) DOE requests comment on the applicability of each test figure 
in AMCA 230-15 to air circulating fans.
    (43) DOE requests comment on the proposed FEI calculation for air 
circulating fans.
    (44) DOE requests comment on its proposals for rounding represented 
values of FEI and FEP to the hundredths place. Additionally, DOE seeks 
comment on its proposal to specify rounding requirements for test 
values and calculations that are consistent with the resolution of the 
test instrumentation.
    (45) DOE requests comment on the proposed location of the 
extraneous airflow measurement for air circulating fans.
    (46) DOE requests comment on the proposed run-in requirements.
    (47) DOE requests comment on whether the requirement to calibrate 
transducer type barometers for each test is necessary or should be 
removed for air circulating fans.
    (48) DOE requests comment on its proposal that fans that meet the 
definition of both an axial panel fan and the definition of an air 
circulating fan because of the presence or absence of brackets for 
mounting through a structure that separates a fan's inlet from its 
outlet be tested both as a fan and blower and as an air circulating 
fan.
    (49) DOE requests comment on the appropriate metric to use for fans 
and blowers other than air circulating fans.
    (50) DOE requests comment on the proposed FEI metric determined in 
accordance with the proposed test procedure, and on whether any changes 
are necessary to provide for more representative energy efficiency 
ratings. If changes are suggested, DOE seeks input on how the proposed 
FEI metric should be amended and why, and on any other metrics that 
would be more appropriate. If changes or alternate metrics are 
suggested, DOE requests information on the impact to testing cost as 
compared to the proposed use of FEI.
    (51) DOE requests comments on the alternative approach considered 
to establish a weighted average FEI metric for fans and blowers other 
than air circulating fans. DOE requests comments on the appropriate 
reference system curve to use in the case of variable-speed fans to 
standardize the calculation of the reduced BEP flow operating points.
    (52) DOE requests comment on the appropriate metric to use for air 
circulating fans.
    (53) DOE requests comment on the proposed FEI metric determined in 
accordance with the proposed test procedure, and on whether any changes 
are necessary to provide for more representative energy efficiency 
ratings. If changes are suggested, DOE seeks input on how the proposed 
FEI metric should be amended and why, and on any other metrics that 
would be more appropriate. Specifically, for air circulating fans, DOE 
requests comment on the proposed use of the FEI metric determined in 
accordance with the test procedure as proposed and if DOE should 
consider other performance metrics as measured by AMCA 230-15, or 
different weights. If changes or alternate metrics are suggested, DOE 
requests information on the impact to testing cost as compared to the 
proposed use of FEI.
    (54) DOE requests comments on whether to use a different acronym to 
designate the FEI of air circulating fans (``ACFEI'').
    (55) DOE seeks feedback on the proposed use of the FEI metric for 
all PRVs and air circulating fans, including agricultural fans.
    (56) DOE requests comment on its proposal to not include a credit 
in the FEP and FEI calculation for fans with a motor controller.
    (57) DOE requests feedback regarding all aspects of its proposal to 
permit use of an AEDM for fans and blowers, and any data or information 
comparing modeled performance with the results of physical testing. DOE 
specifically seeks comment on its proposed validation classes, and 
whether different number of basic models should be considered.
    (58) DOE seeks information on whether the statistical sampling 
plans used for other commercial and industrial equipment at 10 CFR part 
429 would be appropriate for fans and blowers. If not, DOE requests 
information and data to explain why not, and what changes would be 
appropriate. DOE also requests comment on the proposed minimum sample 
size.

[[Page 44252]]

    (59) DOE requests feedback on its assumption that it would cost an 
average of $4,200 to test one fan for both general fans and air 
circulating fans. Additionally, DOE requests data on third-party 
laboratory testing costs (other than AMCA).
    (60) DOE requests feedback on the method described above for 
estimating manufacturer per-model testing costs of general fans and air 
circulating fans. Additionally, DOE requests feedback and data on the 
total testing costs per basic model for testing at third-party 
facilities.
    (61) DOE requests comment on its assumption that manufacturers have 
existing simulation tools that a mechanical engineer could use to 
develop an AEDM. Additionally, DOE requests comment on its assumption 
that AEDMs would be developed by a mechanical engineer and later 
utilized by mechanical technicians to develop certified ratings for 
each basic model. Finally, DOE requests comment on its assumption that 
it would take a mechanical engineering approximately 24 working hours 
to develop an AEDM and that it would take a mechanical technician 
approximately 1 hour per basic model to develop certified ratings from 
an AEDM.
    Additionally, DOE welcomes comments on other issues relevant to the 
conduct of this rulemaking that may not specifically be identified in 
this document.

VI. Approval of the Office of the Secretary

    The Secretary of Energy has approved publication of this notice of 
proposed rulemaking request for comment, and announcement of public 
meeting.

List of Subjects

10 CFR Part 429

    Administrative practice and procedure, Confidential business 
information, Energy conservation, Household appliances, Imports, 
Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Small businesses.

10 CFR Part 431

    Administrative practice and procedure, Confidential business 
information, Energy conservation test procedures, Incorporation by 
reference, and Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Signing Authority

    This document of the Department of Energy was signed on June 24, 
2022, by Kelly J. Speakes-Backman, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary 
for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, pursuant to delegated 
authority from the Secretary of Energy. That document with the original 
signature and date is maintained by DOE. For administrative purposes 
only, and in compliance with requirements of the Office of the Federal 
Register, the undersigned DOE Federal Register Liaison Officer has been 
authorized to sign and submit the document in electronic format for 
publication, as an official document of the Department of Energy. This 
administrative process in no way alters the legal effect of this 
document upon publication in the Federal Register.

    Signed in Washington, DC, on June 24, 2022.
Treena V. Garrett
Federal Register Liaison Officer, U.S. Department of Energy.
    For the reasons stated in the preamble, DOE is proposing to amend 
parts 429 and 431 of Chapter II of Title 10, Code of Federal 
Regulations as set forth below:

PART 429--CERTIFICATION, COMPLIANCE, AND ENFORCEMENT FOR CONSUMER 
PRODUCTS AND COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT

0
1. The authority citation for part 429 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6317; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.

0
2. Section 429.4 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (a);
0
b. Redesignating paragraphs (d), (e), and (f) as (e), (f) and (g); and
0
c. Adding new paragraph (d).
    The revisions and addition read as follows:


Sec.  429.4   Materials incorporated by reference.

    (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part 
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance 
with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other 
than that specified in this section, DOE must publish a document in the 
Federal Register and the material must be available to the public. All 
approved incorporation by reference (IBR) material is available for 
inspection at DOE, and at the National Archives and Records 
Administration (NARA). Contact DOE at: the U.S. Department of Energy, 
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies 
Program, Sixth Floor, 950 L'Enfant Plaza SW, Washington, DC 20024, 
(202) 586-9127, [email protected], https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/building-technologies-office. For information on the 
availability of this material at NARA, email: [email protected], 
or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. The 
material may be obtained from the following sources:
* * * * *
    (d) AMCA. Air Movement and Control Association International, 30 
West University Drive, Arlington Heights, IL 60004-1893, (847) 394-
0150, www.amca.org.
    (1) ANSI/AMCA Standard 214-21, (``AMCA 214-21''), ``Test Procedure 
for Calculating Fan Energy Index for Commercial and Industrial Fans and 
Blowers'', March 1, 2021; IBR approved for Sec.  429.134.
    (2) [Reserved]
* * * * *


Sec.  429.11   [Amended]

0
3. Section 429.11 is amended in paragraph (a) by removing ``429.62'' 
and adding in its place ``429.66'', and in paragraph (b) by removing 
``429.65'' and adding in its place ``429.66''.
0
4. Add Sec.  429.66 to subpart B to read as follows:


Sec.  429.66  Fans and blowers.

    (a) Determination of represented values. A manufacturer must 
determine the represented values for each basic model, either by 
testing in conjunction with the applicable sampling provisions or by 
applying an AEDM as set forth in this section and in Sec.  429.70(k). 
Manufacturers must update represented values to account for any change 
in the applicable motor standards in Table 5 of Sec.  431.25 and 
certify amended values as of the next annual certification (as 
applicable).
    (1) Testing--(i) Units to be tested. If the represented values for 
a given basic model are determined through testing, the requirements of 
Sec.  429.11 apply.
    (ii) Any represented value of fan electrical input power (``FEP''), 
fan shaft input power, or other measure of energy consumption of a 
basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be 
greater than or equal to the higher of:
    (A) The mean of the sample, where
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP25JY22.007
    
    Where x is the sample mean; n is the number of samples, and xi is 
the ith sample. Or,
    (B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit (UCL) of the true mean 
divided by 1.05, where:

[[Page 44253]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP25JY22.008


and x is the sample mean; s is the sample standard deviation; n is the 
number of samples; and t0.95 is the t statistic for a 95 
percent one-tailed confidence interval with n-1 degrees of freedom 
(from appendix A of subpart B of part 429). Represented values must be 
rounded to the nearest hundredth.
    (iii) Any represented value of the fan energy index (``FEI''), 
weighted-average FEI, or other measure of energy consumption of a basic 
model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be less than 
or equal to the lower of:
    (A) The mean of the sample, where
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP25JY22.009
    
    Where x is the sample mean; n is the number of samples, and xi is 
the ith sample. Or,
    (B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit (LCL) of the true mean 
divided by 0.95, where:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP25JY22.010


and x is the sample mean; s is the sample standard deviation; n is the 
number of samples; and t0.95 is the t statistic for a 95 
percent one-tailed confidence interval with n-1 degrees of freedom 
(from appendix A of subpart B of part 429). Represented values must be 
rounded to the nearest hundredth.
    (2) Alternative efficiency determination methods. In lieu of 
testing, the represented values for a basic model of a fan or blower 
must be determined through the application of an AEDM pursuant to the 
requirements of Sec.  429.70(j) and the provisions of this section, 
where: the represented values of any basic model used to validate an 
AEDM must be calculated under paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
0
5. Section 429.70 is amended by:
0
a. In paragraph (a), removing ``429.62'' and adding its place 
``429.66''; and
0
b. Adding paragraph (k).
    The additions read as follows:


Sec.  429.70  Alternative methods for determining energy efficiency or 
energy use.

* * * * *
    (k) Alternative efficiency determination method (AEDM) for fans and 
blowers-- (1) Criteria an AEDM must satisfy. A manufacturer is not 
permitted to apply an AEDM to a basic model of fan or blower to 
determine represented values pursuant to this section unless:
    (i) The AEDM is derived from a mathematical model that estimates 
the energy use characteristics of the basic model as measured by the 
applicable DOE test procedure and accurately represents the performance 
characteristics of that basic model;
    (ii) The AEDM is based on engineering or statistical analysis, 
computer simulation or modeling, or other analytic evaluation of actual 
performance data; and
    (iii) The manufacturer has validated the AEDM in accordance with 
paragraph (k)(2) of this section.
    (2) Validation of an AEDM. Before using an AEDM, the manufacturer 
must validate the AEDM's accuracy and reliability by comparing the 
simulated FEI, or simulated weighted-average FEI, as applicable, to the 
tested FEI or tested weighted-average FEI, as applicable (determined by 
testing), as follows.
    (i) Select basic models. For each fan or blower validation class 
listed as follows: centrifugal housed fan; radial housed fan; 
centrifugal inline fan; centrifugal unhoused fan; centrifugal power 
roof ventilator exhaust fan; centrifugal power roof ventilator supply 
fan; axial inline fan; axial panel fan; axial centrifugal power roof 
ventilator fan; unhoused ACFH; air circulating axial panel fan; box 
fan; cylindrical air circulating fan; and housed centrifugal air 
circulating fan to which the AEDM is applied, a manufacturer must 
select at least two basic models compliant with any energy conservation 
standards in subpart J of part 431. In addition, at least one basic 
model selected for validation testing should include a motor, or a 
motor and controller if the AEDM is applied to a basic model with a 
motor or to a basic model with a motor and controller.
    (ii) Apply the AEDM to the selected basic models. Using the AEDM, 
calculate the simulated FEI, or weighted-average FEI, as applicable, 
for each of the selected basic models.
    (iii) Testing. Test at least two units of each of the selected 
basic models in accordance with 10 CFR 431.174 of this chapter and 
determine the FEI or weighted-average FEI, as applicable, in accordance 
with Sec.  429.66(a)(1).
    (iv) Compare. The simulated FEI or simulated weighted-average FEI, 
as applicable, for each basic model must be less than or equal to 105 
percent of the FEI or weighted-average FEI, as applicable, determined 
in paragraph (k)(2)(iii) of this section through testing.
    (3) Verification of an AEDM. (i) Periodic reviews. Each 
manufacturer must periodically select basic models representative of 
those to which it has applied an AEDM. The manufacturer must select a 
sufficient number of basic models to ensure the AEDM maintains its 
accuracy and reliability. For each basic model selected for 
verification: subject at least one unit to testing in accordance with 
10 CFR 431.174. The provisions in paragraph (k)(2)(iv) of this section 
must be met.
    (ii) Each manufacturer that has used an AEDM under this section 
must have available for inspection by the Department of Energy records 
showing:
    (A) The method or methods used to develop the AEDM;
    (B) The mathematical model, the engineering or statistical 
analysis, computer simulation or modeling, and other analytic 
evaluation of performance data on which the AEDM is based;
    (C) Complete test data, equipment information, and related 
information that the manufacturer has generated or acquired pursuant to 
paragraphs (k)(2) and (k)(3) of this section; and
    (D) The calculations used to determine the simulated FEI or 
simulated weighted-average FEI, as applicable, of each basic model to 
which the AEDM was applied.
    (iii) If requested by the Department, the manufacturer must:
    (A) Conduct simulations to predict the performance of particular 
basic models of electric motors specified by the Department;
    (B) Provide analyses of previous simulations conducted by the 
manufacturer; and/or
    (C) Conduct testing of basic models selected by the Department.
0
6. Amend Sec.  429.110 by:
0
a. Redesignating paragraphs (e)(7), (8), and (9) as (e)(8), (9), and 
(10), respectively; and
0
b. Adding new paragraph (e)(7).
    The addition reads as follows:


Sec.  429.110   Enforcement testing.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (7) For fans and blowers, DOE will use an initial sample size of 
not more than four units and will determine compliance based on the 
arithmetic mean of the sample.
* * * * *
0
7. Amend Sec.  429.134 by adding paragraph (s) to read as follows:


Sec.  429.134  Product-specific enforcement provisions.

* * * * *
    (s) Fans and blowers--(1) Verification of geometric similarity. For 
fans and blowers other than air circulating fans, geometric similarity 
of two or more fans or blowers will be verified by requiring

[[Page 44254]]

that the manufacturer provides all fan design dimensions as described 
in Annex K of AMCA 214-21 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  429.4).
    (2) For fans and blowers other than air circulating fans, DOE will 
test each fan or blower basic model according to the test method 
specified by the manufacturer (i.e., based on Section 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 or 
6.4 of AMCA 214-21).

PART 431--ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAM FOR CERTAIN COMMERCIAL AND 
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT

0
8. The authority citation for part 431 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 6291-6317; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.

0
9. Section 431.172 is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  431.172  Definitions.

    Air circulating fan means a fan that has no provision for 
connection to ducting or separation of the fan inlet from its outlet 
using a pressure boundary, operates against zero external static 
pressure loss, and is not a jet fan.
    Air circulating axial panel fan means an axial housed air 
circulating fan head without a cylindrical housing or box housing that 
is mounted on a panel, orifice plate or ring.
    Air circulating fan outlet area means--
    (1) For unhoused air circulating fan heads, the area of a circle 
having a diameter equal to the blade tip diameter; and
    (2) For housed ACFHs, the inside area perpendicular to the 
airstream, measured at the plane of the opening through which the air 
exits the fan.
    Air-cooled steam condenser means a device for rejecting heat to the 
atmosphere through the indirect condensing of steam inside air-cooled 
finned tubes.
    Axial inline fan means a fan with an axial impeller and a 
cylindrical housing with or without turning vanes.
    Axial panel fans means an axial fan, without cylindrical housing, 
that includes a panel, orifice plate, or ring with brackets for 
mounting through a wall, ceiling, or other structure that separates the 
fan's inlet from its outlet.
    Basic model, with respect to fans and blowers, means all units of 
fans and blowers manufactured by one manufacturer, having the same 
primary energy source, and having essentially identical electrical, 
physical, and functional (e.g., aerodynamic) characteristics that 
affect energy consumption. In addition:
    (1) All variations of blade pitches of an adjustable-pitch axial 
fan may be considered a single basic model; and
    (2) All variations of impeller widths and impeller diameters of a 
given full-width impeller and full-diameter impeller centrifugal fan 
may be considered a single basic model.
    Box fan means an axial housed air circulating fan head without a 
cylindrical housing that is mounted on a panel, orifice plate or ring 
and is mounted in a box housing.
    Centrifugal housed fan means a fan with a centrifugal or mixed flow 
impeller in which airflow exits into a housing that is generally 
scroll-shaped to direct the air through a single fan outlet. A 
centrifugal housed fan does not include a radial impeller.
    Centrifugal inline fan means a fan with a centrifugal or mixed flow 
impeller in which airflow enters axially at the fan inlet and the 
housing redirects radial airflow from the impeller to exit the fan in 
an axial direction.
    Centrifugal unhoused fan means a fan with a centrifugal or mixed 
flow impeller in which airflow enters through a panel and discharges 
into free space. Inlets and outlets are not ducted. This fan type also 
includes fans designed for use in fan arrays that have partition walls 
separating the fan from other fans in the array.
    Cross-flow fan means a fan or blower with a housing that creates an 
airflow path through the impeller in a direction at right angles to its 
axis of rotation and with airflow both entering and exiting the 
impeller at its periphery. Inlets and outlets can optionally be ducted.
    Cylindrical air circulating fan means an axial housed air 
circulating fan head with a cylindrical housing that is not a positive 
pressure ventilator as defined in ANSI/AMCA Standard 240-15, Laboratory 
Methods of Testing Positive Pressure Ventilators for Aerodynamic 
Performance Rating, (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.173).
    Evaporative field erected closed-circuit cooling tower means a 
structure which rejects heat to the atmosphere through the indirect 
cooling of a process fluid stream to a lower temperature by partial 
evaporation of an external recirculating water flow.
    Evaporative field erected open-circuit cooling tower means a 
structure which rejects heat to the atmosphere through the direct 
cooling of a water stream to a lower temperature by partial 
evaporation.
    Exclusively embedded fan means a fan or blower that is manufactured 
and incorporated into a product or equipment manufactured by the same 
manufacturer and that is exclusively distributed in commerce embedded 
in another product or equipment.
    Fan or blower means a rotary bladed machine used to convert 
electrical or mechanical power to air power, with an energy output 
limited to 25 kilojoule (kJ)/kilogram (kg) of air. It consists of an 
impeller, a shaft and bearings and/or driver to support the impeller, 
as well as a structure or housing. A fan or blower may include a 
transmission, driver, and/or motor controller.
    Fan static airpower means the static power delivered to air by the 
fan or blower; it is proportional to the product of the fan airflow 
rate, the fan static pressure and the compressibility coefficient and 
is calculated in accordance with Section 7.8.1 of AMCA 210-16, 
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.173), using static pressure 
instead of total pressure.
    Fan total airpower means the total power delivered to air by the 
fan or blower; it is proportional to the product of the fan airflow 
rate, the fan total pressure and the compressibility coefficient and is 
calculated in accordance with Section 7.8.1 of AMCA 210-16 
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.173).
    Field erected air-cooled (dry) cooler means a structure which 
rejects heat to the atmosphere from a fluid, either liquid, gas or a 
mixture thereof, flowing through an air-cooled internal coil.
    Field erected evaporative condenser means a structure which rejects 
heat to the atmosphere through the indirect condensing of a refrigerant 
in an internal coil by partial evaporation of an external recirculating 
water flow.
    Full-width impeller means the maximum impeller width with which a 
given fan or blower basic model is distributed in commerce.
    Full-diameter impeller means maximum impeller diameter with which a 
given fan or blower basic model is distributed in commerce.
    Housed air circulating fan head means an air circulating fan with 
an axial or centrifugal impeller, and a housing.
    Housed centrifugal air circulating fan means a housed air 
circulating fan head with a centrifugal or radial impeller in which 
airflow exits into a housing that is generally scroll shaped to direct 
the air through a single, narrow fan outlet.
    Induced flow fan means a type of laboratory exhaust fan with a 
nozzle and windband; the fan's outlet airflow is greater than the inlet 
airflow due to induced airflow. All airflow entering the inlet exits 
through the nozzle. Airflow exiting the windband includes the nozzle 
airflow plus the induced airflow.

[[Page 44255]]

    Jet fan means a fan designed and marketed specifically for 
producing a high velocity air jet in a space to increase its air 
momentum. Jet fans are rated using thrust. Inlets and outlets are not 
ducted but may include acoustic silencers.
    Packaged air-cooled (dry) cooler means a device which rejects heat 
to the atmosphere from a fluid, either liquid, gas or a mixture 
thereof, flowing through an air-cooled internal coil.
    Packaged evaporative closed-circuit cooling tower means a device 
which rejects heat to the atmosphere through the indirect cooling of a 
process fluid stream in an internal coil to a lower temperature by 
partial evaporation of an external recirculating water flow.
    Packaged evaporative condenser means a device which rejects heat to 
the atmosphere through the indirect condensing of a refrigerant in an 
internal coil by partial evaporation of an external recirculating water 
flow.
    Packaged evaporative open-circuit cooling tower means a device 
which rejects heat to the atmosphere through the direct cooling of a 
water stream to a lower temperature by partial evaporation.
    Power roof ventilator means a fan with an internal driver and a 
housing to prevent precipitation from entering the building. It has a 
base designed to fit over a roof or wall opening, usually by means of a 
roof curb.
    Radial-housed fan means a fan with a radial impeller in which 
airflow exits into a housing that is generally scroll-shaped to direct 
the air through a single fan outlet. Inlets and outlets can optionally 
be ducted.
    Safety Fan means:
    (1) A fan or blower that is designed and marketed to operate only 
at or above 482 degrees Fahrenheit (250 degrees Celsius);
    (2) A reversible axial fan in cylindrical housing that is designed 
and marketed for use in ducted tunnel ventilation that will reverse 
operation under emergency ventilation conditions;
    (3) A fan or blower bearing an Underwriter Laboratories or Electric 
Testing Laboratories listing for ``Power Ventilators for Smoke Control 
Systems'';
    (4) An open discharge exhaust fan with integral discharge nozzles 
which develop or maintain a minimum discharge velocity of 3,000 FPM;
    (5) A fan constructed in accordance with AMCA type A or B spark 
resistant construction as defined in ANSI/AMCA Standard 99-16 Standards 
Handbook, (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.173);
    (6) A fan or blower designed and marketed for use in explosive 
atmospheres and tested and marked according to ISO 80079-36:2016 
Explosive atmospheres--Part 36: Non-electrical equipment for explosive 
atmospheres--Basic method and requirements, (incorporated by reference, 
see Sec.  431.173); or
    (7) An electric-motor-driven-Positive Pressure Ventilator as 
defined in ANSI/AMCA Standard 240-15, Laboratory Methods of Testing 
Positive Pressure Ventilators for Aerodynamic Performance Rating, 
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.173).
    Unhoused Air circulating fan head means an air circulating fan 
without a housing, having an axial impeller with a ratio of fan-blade 
span (in inches) to maximum rate of rotation (in revolutions per 
minute) less than or equal to 0.06. The impeller may or may not be 
guarded.
0
10. Section 431.173 is added to subpart J to read as follows:


Sec.  431.173  Materials incorporated by reference.

    (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this subpart 
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance 
with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other 
than that specified in this section, DOE must publish a document in the 
Federal Register and the material must be available to the public. All 
approved incorporation by reference (IBR) material is available for 
inspection at DOE, and at the National Archives and Records 
Administration (NARA). Contact DOE at: the U.S. Department of Energy, 
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies 
Program, Sixth Floor, 950 L'Enfant Plaza SW, Washington, DC 20024, 
(202) 586-9127, [email protected], https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/building-technologies-office. For information on the 
availability of this material at NARA, email: [email protected], 
or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. The 
material may be obtained from the sources in the following paragraphs:
    (b) AMCA. Air Movement and Control Association International, Inc., 
30 West University Drive, Arlington Heights, IL 60004-1893, (847) 394-
0150, www.amca.org.
    (1) ANSI/AMCA Standard 99-16 ``Standards Handbook,'' November 10, 
2016, IBR approved for Sec.  431.172.
    (2) ANSI/AMCA Standard 210/ASHRAE 51-16, (``AMCA 210-16''), 
``Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic 
Performance Rating,'' August 26, 2016, IBR approved for Sec.  431.172 
and appendix A to this subpart.
    (3) ANSI/AMCA Standard 214-21, (``AMCA 214-21''), ``Test Procedure 
for Calculating Fan Energy Index for Commercial and Industrial Fans and 
Blowers,'' March 1, 2021; IBR approved for Sec.  431.174, and 
appendices A and B to this subpart.
    (4) ANSI/AMCA 230-15, (``AMCA 230-15 (with errata)'') ``Laboratory 
Methods of Testing Air Circulating Fans for Rating and Certification,'' 
October 16, 2015, with technical errata sheet for ANSI/AMCA standard 
230-15 density corrections. IBR approved for appendix B to this 
subpart.
    (5) ANSI/AMCA Standard 240-15, (``AMCA 240-15'') ``Laboratory 
Methods of Testing Positive Pressure Ventilators for Aerodynamic 
Performance Rating,'' September 5, 2015, IBR approved for Sec.  
431.172.
    (c) ISO. International Organization for Standardization, Chemin de 
Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, www.iso.org, 
email: [email protected].
    (1) ISO 5801:2017, ``Fans--Performance testing using standardized 
airways'', approved 2017, IBR approved for appendix A to this subpart.
    (2) ISO 80079-36 ``Explosive atmospheres--Part 36: Non-electrical 
equipment for explosive atmospheres--Basic method and requirements'', 
approved 2016, IBR approved for Sec.  431.172.
0
11. Section 431.174 is added to subpart J to read as follows:


Sec.  431.174  Test Procedure for fans or blowers.

    (a) Scope for fans and blowers other than air circulating fans. A 
fan or blower, other than an air circulating fan is subject to the test 
procedure in this section if it meets the following criteria:
    (1) Is a centrifugal housed fan; radial housed fan; centrifugal 
inline fan; centrifugal unhoused fan; centrifugal power roof ventilator 
exhaust fan; centrifugal power roof ventilator supply fan; axial inline 
fan; axial panel fan; or axial centrifugal power roof ventilator fan;
    (2) Is not:
    (i) A radial housed unshrouded fan with blade diameter at tip less 
than 30 inches or a blade width of less than 3 inches;
    (ii) A safety fan;
    (iii) An induced flow fan;
    (iv) A jet fan;
    (v) A cross-flow fan;
    (vi) A fan manufactured exclusively to be powered by internal 
combustion engines; or

[[Page 44256]]

    (viii) A fan and blower exclusively embedded in the equipment 
listed in paragraph (a)(3) of this section;
    (3) Is not an exclusively embedded fan subject to the following 
exclusions:
    (i) The test procedure in this section does not apply to fans or 
blowers that are exclusively embedded in:
    (A) Single phase central air conditioners and heat pumps rated with 
a certified cooling capacity less than 65,000 British thermal units per 
hour (``Btu/h'') cooling capacity, that are subject to DOE's energy 
conservation standard at 10 CFR 430.32(c);
    (B) Three phase, air-cooled, small commercial packaged air-
conditioning and heating equipment rated with a certified cooling 
capacity less than 65,000 Btu/h cooling capacity, that are subject to 
DOE's energy conservation standard at Sec.  431.97(b);
    (C) Transport refrigeration (i.e., Trailer refrigeration, Self-
powered truck refrigeration, Vehicle-powered truck refrigeration, 
Marine/Rail container refrigerant);
    (D) Vacuum cleaners;
    (E) Heat Rejection Equipment: Packaged evaporative open-circuit 
cooling towers; Evaporative field-erected open-circuit cooling towers; 
Packaged evaporative closed-circuit cooling towers; Evaporative field-
erected closed-circuit cooling towers; Packaged evaporative condensers; 
Field-erected evaporative condensers; Packaged air-cooled (dry) 
coolers; Field-erected air-cooled (dry) cooler; Air-cooled steam 
condensers; Hybrid (water saving) versions of all of the previously 
listed equipment that contain both evaporative and air-cooled heat 
exchange sections;
    (F) Air curtains; and
    (G) Direct expansion-dedicated outdoor air system that are subject 
to any DOE's test procedures in appendix B to subpart F of this part.
    (ii) The test procedure in this section does not apply to supply or 
condenser fans or blowers that are exclusively embedded in:
    (A) Air-cooled commercial package air conditioners and heat pumps 
(``CUAC'', ``CUHP'') with a certified cooling capacity between 5.5 ton 
(65,000 Btu/h) and 63.5 ton (760,000 Btu/h) that are subject to DOE's 
energy conservation standard at Sec.  431.97(b);
    (B) Water-cooled and evaporatively-cooled commercial air 
conditioners that are subject to DOE's energy conservation standard at 
Sec.  431.97(b);
    (C) Water-source heat pumps that are subject to DOE's energy 
conservation standard at Sec.  431.97(b);
    (D) Single package vertical air conditioners and heat pumps that 
are subject to DOE's energy conservation standard at Sec.  431.97(d);
    (E) Packaged terminal air conditioners (``PTAC'') and packaged 
terminal heat pumps (PTHP) that are subject to DOE's energy 
conservation standard at Sec.  431.97(c);
    (F) Computer room air conditioners that are subject to DOE's energy 
conservation standard at Sec.  431.97(e); and
    (G) Variable refrigerant flow multi-split air conditioners and heat 
pumps that are subject to DOE's energy conservation standard at Sec.  
431.97(f); and
    (4) Is a fan or blower with duty points with the following 
characteristics, measured or calculated in accordance with the test 
procedure set forth in appendix A of this subpart:
    (i)(A) fan shaft input power equal to or greater than 1 horsepower; 
or
    (B) fan electrical input power equal to or greater than 0.89 kW; 
and
    (ii)(A) fan static airpower equal to or less than 150 horsepower 
for fans using a static pressure basis fan energy index (``FEI'') in 
accordance with the required test configuration listed in Table 7.1 of 
AMCA 214-21; or
    (B) fan total airpower equal to or less than 150 horsepower for 
fans using a total pressure basis FEI in accordance with the required 
test configuration listed in Table 7.1 of AMCA 214-21;
    (b) Scope for air circulating fans. The test procedure in this 
section applies to all air circulating fans.
    (c) Testing and calculations for fans and blowers other than air-
circulating fans. Determine the FEI, the fan electrical input power 
(``FEP''), and fan shaft power (as applicable) at each duty point, as 
specified by the manufacturer, using the test procedure set forth in 
appendix A of this subpart.
    (d) Testing and calculations for air-circulating fan. Determine the 
FEI and the fan electrical input power (``FEP'') or the weighted-
average FEI and weighted-average FEP as applicable, using the test 
procedure set forth in appendix B of this subpart.
0
12. Add appendix A to subpart J to part 431 to read as follows:

Appendix A to Subpart J of Part 431--Uniform Test Method for the 
Measurement of Energy Consumption of Fans and Blowers Other Than Air 
Circulating Fans

    Note: After [date 180 days after date of publication of the 
final rule], any representations made with respect to energy use or 
efficiency of fans and blowers subject to testing pursuant to 10 CFR 
431.174 must be made in accordance with this appendix.

    0. Incorporation by reference.
    In Sec.  431.173, DOE incorporated by reference the entire 
standard for AMCA 214-21, AMCA 210-16, and ISO 5801:2017; however, 
only enumerated provisions of those documents are applicable as 
follows:
    0.1. AMCA 214-21, ``Test Procedure for Calculating Fan Energy 
Index for Commercial and Industrial Fans and Blowers'':
    0.1.1. Section 2 ``References,'' as referenced in section 2.2 of 
this appendix;
    0.1.2. Section 3 ``Definitions'', as referenced in section 1 of 
this appendix;
    0.1.3. Section 4 ``Calculation of the FEI for a single duty 
point'', as referenced in section 2.4 of this appendix;
    0.1.4. Section 5 ``Reference Fan Electrical Power 
(FEPref)'', as referenced in section 2.4 of this 
appendix;
    0.1.5. Section 6.1 ``Wire-to-Air Testing at the Required Duty 
Point'', as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.6. Section 6.2 ``Calculated Ratings Based on Wire-to-Air 
Testing'', as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.7. Section 6.3 ``Bare Shaft Fans'', as referenced in section 
2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.8. Section 6.4.1.1 ``Requirements for the fan'', as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.9. Section 6.4.1.2 ``Requirements for the transmission'', as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.10. Section 6.4.1.3 ``Requirements for the motor, as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.11. Section 6.4.2 Calculation of FEPact'', as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.12. Section 6.4.2.1 ``Calculation of transmission efficiency 
``trans,act)'', as referenced in section 2.2 of this 
appendix;
    0.1.13. Section 6.4.2.2 ``Calculation of actual motor output 
power'', as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.14. Section 6.4.2.3 ``Motor efficiency if no VFD is 
included'', as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.15. Section 7 ``Testing'', as referenced in section 2.2 of 
this appendix;
    0.1.16. Section 8.1 ``Laboratory Measurement Only'', as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.17. Section 8.2.1 ``Fan laws and other calculation methods 
for shaft-to-air testing'', as referenced in section 2.2 of this 
appendix;
    0.1.18. Section 8.2.3 '' Calculation to other speeds and 
densities for wire-to-air testing``, as referenced in section 2.2 of 
this appendix;
    0.1.19. Annex D ``Motor Performance Constants (Normative)'', as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.20. Annex E ``Calculation Methods for Fans Tested Shaft-to-
Air'', as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.21. Annex G ``Wire-to-Air Measurement--Calculation to Other 
Speeds and Densities (Normative)'', as referenced in section 2.2 of 
this appendix;
    0.1.22. Annex J ``Other data and calculations to be retained'' 
as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix; and
    0.1.23. Annex K ``Proportionality and Dimensional Requirements 
(Normative)'' as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix.
    0.2. AMCA 210-16, ``Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for 
Certified Aerodynamic Performance Rating'':
    0.2.1. Section 3 ``Definitions/Units of Measure/Symbols'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;

[[Page 44257]]

    0.2.2. Section 4 ``Instruments and Methods of Measurement'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.3. Section 5 ``Test Setups and Equipment'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.4. Section 6 ``Observation and Conduct of Test'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.5. Section 7.1 ``Calibration Correction'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.6. Section 7.2 ``Density and Viscosity of air'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.7. Section 7.3 ``Fan Airflow Rate at Test Conditions'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix
    0.2.8. Section 7.4 ``Fan Velocity Pressure at Test Conditions'' 
as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix
    0.2.9. Section 7.5 ``Fan Total Pressure at Test Conditions'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.10. Section 7.6 ``Fan Total Static Pressure at Test 
Conditions'' as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.11. Section 7.7 ``Fan Input Power at Test Conditions'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix; and
    0.2.1.12. Section 7.8 ``Fan Efficiency'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix.
    0.3. ISO 5801:2017, ``Fans--Performance testing using 
standardized airways'':
    0.3.1. Section 3 ``Terms and Definitions'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.3.2. Section 4 ``Symbols, Abbreviated Terms and Subscripts'' 
as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.3.3. Section 5 ``General'' as referenced in section 2.2 of 
this appendix;
    0.3.4. Section 6 ``Teat Configurations'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.3.5. Section 7 ``Test Configurations'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.3.6. Section 8 '' Airways for Duct Configuration'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.3.7. Section 9 ``Standardized Test Chambers'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.3.8. Section 10 ``Various Components parts for a Laboratory 
Setup'' as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.3.9. Section 11 ``Standard Test Configurations'' as referenced 
in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.3.10. Section 12 ``Measurements'' as referenced in section 2.2 
of this appendix;
    0.3.11. Section 13 ``Reference Conditions'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.3.12. Section 15 ``Calculations'' as referenced in section 2.2 
of this appendix;
    0.3.13. Section 16 ``fan Characteristic Curves'' as referenced 
in section 2.2 of this appendix; and
    0.3.14. Section 17 ``Uncertainty Analysis'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix.
    In cases where there is a conflict, the language of this 
appendix takes precedence over those documents. Any subsequent 
amendment to a referenced document by the standard-setting 
organization will not affect the test procedure in this appendix, 
unless and until the test procedure is amended by DOE. Material is 
incorporated as it exists on the date of the approval, and a notice 
of any change in the material will be published in the Federal 
Register.
    1. Definitions.
    The definitions applicable to this appendix are defined in Sec.  
431.172 and in Section 3 ``Definitions'' of AMCA 214-21. In cases 
where there is a conflict, the definitions in Sec.  431.172 take 
precedence over AMCA 214-21.
    2. Test procedure for fans and blowers other than air 
circulating fans.
    2.1. General.
    This section describes the test procedure for fans and blowers 
other than air circulating fans. In cases where there is a conflict, 
the provisions in this appendix take precedence over AMCA 214-21. 
Where AMCA 214-21 refers to Annex A ``Polyphase Regulated Motor 
Efficiencies (Normative)''of AMCA 214-21, Table 5 of Sec.  431.25 
must be used instead. Centrifugal Power Roof Ventilators that are 
both supply and exhaust must be tested in both supply and exhaust 
configurations.
    2.2. Testing.
    2.2.1. General.
    The fan electrical input power (FEPact) in kilowatts 
must be determined at every duty point specified by the manufacturer 
in accordance with one of the test methods listed in Table 1, and 
the following sections of AMCA 214-21: Section 2 ``References'', 
Section 7 ``Testing'', included the referenced provisions to AMCA 
210-16 and ISO 5801:2017 as listed in sections 2.2.2 and 2.2.3 of 
this appendix, Section 8.1 ``Laboratory Measurement Only'' (as 
applicable), and Annex J ``Other data and calculations to be 
retained''. Section 7 of AMCA 214-21 references AMCA 210-16 and ISO 
5801:2017.

                                 Table 1 to Appendix A to Subpart J of Part 431
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 Motor  controller     Transmission                        Applicable section(s)
             Driver                   present?        configuration?      Test method         of  AMCA 214-21
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Electric motor.................  Yes or No........  Any..............  Wire-to-air......  6.1 ``Wire-to-Air
                                                                                           Testing at the
                                                                                           Required Duty
                                                                                           Point''.
Electric motor.................  Yes or No........  Any..............  Calculation based  6.2 ``Calculated
                                                                        on Wire-to-air     Ratings Based on Wire-
                                                                        testing.           to-Air Testing''
                                                                                           (references Section
                                                                                           8.2.3 ``Calculation
                                                                                           to other speeds and
                                                                                           densities for wire-to-
                                                                                           air testing'' and
                                                                                           Annex G ``Wire-to-Air
                                                                                           Measurement--Calculat
                                                                                           ion to Other Speeds
                                                                                           and Densities
                                                                                           (Normative)'').
Regulated polyphase motor......  No...............  Direct drive, V-   Shaft-to-air.....  6.4 ``Fans with
                                                     belt drive,                           Polyphase Regulated
                                                     flexible                              Motors ``(references
                                                     coupling or                           Annex D ``Motor
                                                     synchronous belt                      Performance Constants
                                                     drive.                                (Normative)'').*
None or non-electric...........  No...............  None.............  Shaft-to-air.....  Section 6.3 ``Bare
                                                                                           Shaft Fans''.
Regulated polyphase motor......  No...............  Direct drive, V-   Calculation based  Section 8.2.1 ``Fan
                                                     belt drive,        on Shaft-to-air    laws and other
                                                     flexible           testing.           calculation methods
                                                     coupling or                           for shaft-to-air
                                                     synchronous belt                      testing''(references
                                                     drive.                                Annex D ``Motor
                                                                                           Performance Constants
                                                                                           (Normative)'', Annex
                                                                                           E ``Calculation
                                                                                           Methods for Fans
                                                                                           Tested Shaft-to-Air''
                                                                                           and Annex K
                                                                                           ``Proportionality and
                                                                                           Dimensional
                                                                                           Requirements
                                                                                           (Normative)'').
None or non-electric...........  No...............  None.............  Calculation based  Section 8.2.1 ``Fan
                                                                        on Shaft-to-air    laws and other
                                                                        testing.           calculation methods
                                                                                           for shaft-to-air
                                                                                           testing'' (references
                                                                                           Annex E ``Calculation
                                                                                           Methods for Fans
                                                                                           Tested Shaft-to-Air''
                                                                                           and Annex K
                                                                                           ``Proportionality and
                                                                                           Dimensional
                                                                                           Requirements
                                                                                           (Normative)'').
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Only the following section of 6.4 apply: Section 6.4.1.1 ``Requirements for the fan'', Section 6.4.1.2
  ``Requirements for the transmission'', Section 6.4.1.3 ``Requirements for the motor, Section 6.4.2 Calculation
  of FEPact'', Section 6.4.2.1 ``Calculation of transmission efficiency (-trans,act)'', Section 6.4.2.2
  ``Calculation of actual motor output power'', Section 6.4.2.3 ``Motor efficiency if no VFD is included''.

    In addition, the following values must be determined in 
accordance with this appendix at each duty point specified by the 
manufacturer: fan airflow in cubic feet per minute; fan air density; 
fan total pressure in inches of water gauge for fans using a total 
pressure basis FEI in accordance with the required test 
configuration listed in Table 7.1 of AMCA 214-21; fan static 
pressure in inches of water gauge for fans using a static pressure 
basis FEI in accordance with the required test configuration listed 
in Table 7.1 of AMCA 214-21; fan speed in revolutions per minute; 
and fan shaft input power in horsepower for fans tested in 
accordance with Section 6.3, 6.4 or 6.5 of AMCA 214-21. All 
measurements must be recorded at the resolution of the test 
instrumentation and calculations must be rounded to the number of 
significant digits present at the resolution of the test 
instrumentation.

[[Page 44258]]

    In cases where there is a conflict, the provisions in AMCA 214-
21 take precedence over AMCA 210-16 and ISO 5801:2017. In addition, 
the provisions in this appendix apply.
    2.2.2. AMCA 210-16, Applicable Sections.
    The following sections of AMCA 210-16 are applicable: Section 3 
``Definitions/Units of Measure/Symbols'', Section 4 ``Instruments 
and Methods of Measurement''; Section 5 ``Test Setups and 
Equipment''; Section 6 ``Observation and Conduct of Test''; Section 
7.1 ``Calibration Correction''; Section 7.2 ``Density and Viscosity 
of air''; Section 7.3 ``Fan Airflow Rate at Test Conditions; Section 
7.4 ``Fan Velocity Pressure at Test Conditions''; Section 7.5 ``Fan 
Total Pressure at Test Conditions''; Section 7.6 ``Fan Total Static 
Pressure at Test Conditions''; Section 7.7 ``Fan Input Power at Test 
Conditions''; and Section 7.8 ``Fan Efficiency''.
    2.2.3. ISO 5801:2017, Applicable Sections.
    The following sections of ISO 5801:2017 are applicable: Section 
3 ``Terms and Definitions''; Section 4 ``Symbols, Abbreviated Terms 
and Subscripts''; ``General''; Section 6 ``Teat Configurations''; 
Section 7 ``Test Configurations''; Section 8 '' Airways for Duct 
Configuration''; Section 9 ``Standardized Test Chambers''; Section 
10 ``Various Components parts for a Laboratory Setup''; Section 11 
``Standard Test Configurations''; Section 12 ``Measurements''; 
Section 13 ``Reference Conditions''; Section 15 ``Calculations''; 
Section 16 ``fan Characteristic Curves''; and Section 17 
``Uncertainty Analysis''.
    2.2.4. Appurtenances.
    This section replaces the provisions in section 7.3 of AMCA 214-
21 ``Appurtenances''. If present, any additional appurtenances sold 
with the fan must be included during the test.
    2.2.5. Single-Phase and Multi-Phase.
    Fans and blowers rated for operation for single- or multi-phase 
power supply must be tested with single- or multi-phase power 
electricity, respectively.
    Fans and blowers, capable of operating with single- and multi-
phase power supply, must be tested using multi-phase electricity.
    2.3. Equilibrium Conditions.
    The following provisions must be used to characterize steady 
operation (equilibrium) as required in section 6 of AMCA 210-16. 
Equilibrium is achieved if measurements are within the tolerances 
specified in the Table 2. Measurements need to be determined over at 
least 5 minutes, with measurements recorded on each variable at a 
maximum of 5-second intervals.

             Table 2 to Appendix A to Subpart J of Part 431
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Variable                       Equilibrium tolerance
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ambient air density.......................   1 percent of
                                             mean.
Input power by reaction dynamometer.......   4 percent of
                                             mean.
Input power by torque meter...............   4 percent of
                                             mean.
Input power by calibrated motor...........   4 percent of
                                             mean.
Input power by electrical meter...........   2 percent of
                                             mean or 1 W, whichever is
                                             greater.
Fan speed.................................   1 percent of
                                             mean or 1 rpm, whichever is
                                             greater.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    2.4. FEI Calculation.
    The FEI must be determined at every duty point in accordance 
with Section 4 ``Calculation of the FEI for a single duty point'' 
and Section 5 ``Reference Fan Electrical Power (FEPref) of AMCA 214-
21. In addition the FEI must be rounded to the nearest hundredths 
place.
0
13. Add appendix B to subpart J to part 431 to read as follows:

Appendix B to Subpart J of Part 431--Uniform Test Method for the 
Measurement of Energy Consumption of Air Circulating Fans

    Note: After [date 180 days after date of publication of the 
final rule], any representations made with respect to energy use or 
efficiency of fans and blowers subject to testing pursuant to Sec.  
431.174 must be made in accordance with this appendix.

    0. Incorporation by reference.
    In Sec.  431.173, DOE incorporated by reference the entire 
standard for ANSI/AMCA Standard 214-21, and ANSI/AMCA 230-15 with 
errata; however, only enumerated provisions of those documents are 
applicable as follows:
    0.1. AMCA 214-21, ``Test Procedure for Calculating Fan Energy 
Index for Commercial and Industrial Fans and Blowers'':
    0.1.1. Section 2 ``References,'' as referenced in section 2.2 of 
this appendix;
    0.1.2. Section 3 ``Definitions'', as referenced in section 1 of 
this appendix;
    0.1.3. Section 4 ``Calculation of the FEI for a single duty 
point'', as referenced in section 2.10 of this appendix;
    0.1.4. Section 5 ``Reference Fan Electrical Power 
(FEPref)'', as referenced in section 2.10 of this 
appendix;
    0.1.5. Section 6.1 ``Wire-to-Air Testing at the Required Duty 
Point'', as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.6. Table 7.1 in Section 7. ``Testing'', as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.7. Section 7.1 ``Test Configuration'', as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.8. Section 7.2 ``Setup Selection'', as referenced in section 
2.2 of this appendix;
    0.1.9. Section 7.4 ``Run-in Requirements'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix; and
    0.1.10. Annex J ``Other data and calculations to be retained'' 
as referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix.
    0.2. AMCA 230-15 (with errata), ``Laboratory Methods of Testing 
Air Circulating Fans for Rating and Certification'' (with errata)'':
    0.2.1. Section 3 ``Units of Measurement'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.2. Section 4 ``Symbols and Subscripts'' as referenced in 
section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.3. Section 5 ``Definitions'' as referenced in section 2.2 of 
this appendix;
    0.2.4. Section 6 ``Instruments and Methods of Measurement'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.5. Section 7 ``Instruments and Methods of Measurement'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.6. Section 8 ``Observations and Conduct of Test'' as 
referenced in section 2.2 of this appendix;
    0.2.7. Section 9 ``Calculations'' as referenced in section 2.2 
of this appendix; and
    0.2.8. Section 10 ``Report and Results of Test'' as referenced 
in section 2.2 of this appendix.
    In cases where there is a conflict, the language of this 
appendix takes precedence over those documents. Any subsequent 
amendment to a referenced document by the standard-setting 
organization will not affect the test procedure in this appendix, 
unless and until the test procedure is amended by DOE. Material is 
incorporated as it exists on the date of the approval, and a notice 
of any change in the material will be published in the Federal 
Register.
    1. Definitions.
    The definitions applicable to this appendix are defined in Sec.  
431.172 and in Section 3 ``Definitions'' of AMCA 214-21. In cases 
where there is a conflict, the definitions in Sec.  431.172 take 
precedence over AMCA 214-21.
    2. Test procedure for air circulating fans.
    2.1. General.
    This section describes the test procedure for air circulating 
fans. In cases where there is a conflict, the provisions in this 
appendix take precedence over AMCA 214-21.
    2.2. Testing.
    2.2.1. General.
    The fan electrical input power (FEPact) in kilowatts at each 
tested speed specified in section 2.6 of this appendix must be 
determined in accordance with the following sections of AMCA 214-21: 
Section 2 ``References'', Section 6.1 ``Wire-to-Air Testing at the 
Required Duty Point'', Table 7.1 in Section 7 ``Testing'', included 
the referenced provisions to AMCA 230-15 as listed in section 2.2.2 
of this appendix (with errata), Section 7.1 ``Test Configuration'', 
Section 7.2 ``Setup Selection'', Section 7.4 ``Run-in 
Requirements'', and Annex J ``Other data and calculations to be 
retained''. Section 7 of AMCA 214-21 references AMCA 230-15 (with 
errata). In cases where there is a conflict, the provisions in AMCA 
214-21 take precedence over AMCA 230-15 (with errata).
    In addition, the following values must be determined in 
accordance with this appendix, at each tested speed as specified in 
section 2.6 of this appendix: fan energy index (``FEI'') in 
accordance with section 2.11 of this appendix, fan electrical input 
power (``FEPact'') in kilowatts; fan airflow in cubic 
feet per minute; fan air density; fan total pressure in inches of 
water gauge; and fan speed in revolutions per minute. In addition, 
for multi- and variable-speed fans, the weighted-average FEI and FEP 
in

[[Page 44259]]

accordance with sections 2.11 and 2.12 of this appendix must also be 
determined. All measurements must be recorded at the resolution of 
the test instrumentation and calculations must be rounded to the 
number of significant digits present at the resolution of the test 
instrumentation.
    2.2.2. AMCA 230-15, Applicable Sections.
    The following section of AMCA 230-15 are applicable: Section 3 
``Units of Measurement''; Section 4 ``Symbols and Subscripts''; 
Section 5 ``Definitions''; Section ``Instruments and Methods of 
Measurement''; Section 7 ``Instruments and Methods of Measurement''; 
Section 8 ``Observations and Conduct of Test''; Section 9 
``Calculations''; and Section 10 ``Report and Results of Test''. In 
addition, testing must be conducted in accordance with the 
provisions in section 2.3 through 2.12 of this appendix. Further, 
the terms ``electrical input power'' ``system input power'' and 
``power'' shall be considered equivalent. The terms ``electrical 
input voltage'', ``system input voltage ``, and ``voltage'' shall be 
considered equivalent.
    2.3. Test Figures and Location of Extraneous airflow 
measurement.
    The following test figures, described in AMCA 230-15 (with 
errata) must be used to test air circulating fans: 2A, 2B1, 2B2, 3A 
or 3B.
    The location of extraneous airflow measurement shall be at the 
center of the fan at a distance of 1.5m (5 ft) downstream of the fan 
impeller.
    2.4. Air circulating fans without motors.
    Air circulating fans distributed in commerce without an electric 
motor must be tested using an electric motor as recommended in the 
manufacturer's catalogs or distributed in commerce with the air 
circulating fan. If more than one motor is available in 
manufacturer's catalogs or distributed in commerce with the air 
circulating fan, DOE proposes requiring testing using the least 
efficient motor capable of running the fan at the fan's maximum 
allowable speed.
    2.5. Power Supply.
    2.5.1. Frequency.
    Air circulating fans rated for operation with only 60Hz power 
supply must be tested with 60 Hz electricity. Air circulating fans 
capable of operating with 50Hz and 60Hz electricity must be tested 
with 60Hz electricity.
    2.5.2. Phase.
    Air circulating fans rated for operation for single- or multi-
phase power supply must be tested with single- or multi-phase power 
electricity, respectively.
    Air circulating fans, capable of operating with single- and 
multi-phase power supply, must be tested using multi-phase 
electricity.
    2.5.3. Voltage.
    Select the supply voltage as follows:
    (1) For air circulating fans tested with single-phase 
electricity, the supply voltage must be (a) 120 V if the air 
circulating fan's minimum rated voltage is 120 V or the lowest rated 
voltage range contains 120 V, (b) 240 V if the air circulating fan's 
minimum rated voltage is 240 V or the lowest rated voltage range 
contains 240 V, or (c) the air circulating fan's minimum rated 
voltage (if a voltage range is not given) or the mean of the lowest 
rated voltage range, in all other cases.
    (2) For air circulating fans tested with multi-phase 
electricity, the supply voltage must be (a) 240 V if the air 
circulating fan's minimum rated voltage is 240 V or the lowest rated 
voltage range contains 240 V, or (b) the air circulating fan's 
minimum rated voltage (if a voltage range is not given) or the mean 
of the lowest rated voltage range, in all other cases.
    2.6. Appurtenances.
    If present, any additional appurtenances sold with the air 
circulating fan must be included during the test.
    If present, any additional accessories or features sold with the 
air circulating fan that do not relate to the air circulating fan's 
ability to create airflow (for example, misting kits) is to be 
installed, but turned off during testing. If such an accessory or 
feature cannot be turned off, it shall be set to the lowest energy-
consuming mode during testing. If the air circulating fan is offered 
with a default controller, test using the default controller. If 
multiple controllers are offered, test using the minimally 
functional controller.
    2.7. Equilibrium Conditions.
    The following provisions must be used to characterize 
equilibrium as required in Section 8 of AMCA 230-15 (with errata). 
Equilibrium is achieved if measurements are within the tolerances 
specified in the Table 1. Measurements need to be determined over at 
least 5 minutes, with measurements recorded on each variable at a 
maximum of 5 second intervals.

             Table 1 to Appendix B to Subpart J of Part 431
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Variable                       Equilibrium tolerance
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Calculated air density....................  1 percent of
                                             mean.
System input voltage......................  2 percent of
                                             mean.
System input current......................  2 percent of
                                             mean.
System input power........................  2 percent of
                                             mean or 1 W, whichever is
                                             greater.
Fan speed.................................  1 percent of
                                             mean or 1 rpm, whichever is
                                             greater.
Load......................................  1 percent of
                                             mean.
Load differential.........................  1 percent of
                                             mean.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    2.8. Extraneous Airflow.
    This section replaces Section 8.1.2 of AMCA 230-15 (with errata) 
``Extraneous airflow.''
    Air velocity in the test room not generated by the air 
circulating fan must not exceed 0.25 m/s (50 fpm) prior to, before 
and after the test. Velocity measurements must be taken to ensure 
that this condition is met as follows:
    (1) At least one minute prior to establishing equilibrium; and
    (2) For at least one minute at the conclusion of the test, with 
measurements recorded at a maximum of 5 second intervals. A test is 
considered to be concluded at the instant the blades are no longer 
spinning.
    2.9. Test speed.
    Select the test speed(s) as follows:
    (1) For single speed fans, performance data shall be captured 
and reported for the single available speed;
    (2) For multi-speed fans with discrete speeds, performance data 
shall be captured and reported at each available speeds;
    (3) For variable-speed fans with continuously adjustable speeds, 
performance data shall be captured and reported at 20, 40, 60, 80 
and 100 percent of the fan's maximum speed. If the fan's minimum 
speed is greater 20 percent of the maximum speed the performance 
data must be captured and reported at five speeds evenly spaced 
within the available speed range, including at the fan's minimum and 
maximum speed.

2.10. Total Pressure Calculations.

    The fan total pressure at a given airflow must be calculated 
according to the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP25JY22.011

Where:

A = air circulating fan outlet area (square feet),
Pt,i = Fan total pressure at duty point i (inches of water gauge),
Qi = Airflow at duty point i (cubic feet per minute),
[rho] = Fan air density (Pound Mass Per Cubic Foot).

    2.11. FEI and Weighted-average FEI Calculation.
    The FEI must be determined at every test specified in section 
2.6 of this appendix, in accordance with Section 4 ``Calculation of 
the FEI for a single duty point'' and Section 5 ``Reference Fan 
Electrical Power (FEPref)'' of AMCA 214-21. In addition, the values 
of Q0, P0, and [eta]0 in Section 
5.1.1. of AMCA 214-21 must be replaced by the following values: 
Q0 = 3,210, P0 = 0, and 
[eta]0=0.38.
    FEI values must be rounded to the nearest hundredths place.
    For single speed fans, determine the FEI at the single available 
speed. For multi-speed and variable speed fans, calculate the 
weighted-average FEI as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP25JY22.012


[[Page 44260]]


    Where: n is the number of speeds as specified in section 2.6 of 
this appendix and FEIi is the FEI at the ith tested 
speed.
    2.12. FEPact and Weighted-Average FEPact Calculation.
    For single speed fans, determine the FEPact at the 
single available speed.
    For multi-speed and variable speed fans, calculate the weighted-
average FEPact (in kW) as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP25JY22.013

    Where: n is the number of speeds as specified in section 2.6 of 
this appendix and is the FEPact,i is the FEPact at the 
ith tested speed.

[FR Doc. 2022-13897 Filed 7-22-22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P