[Federal Register Volume 87, Number 7 (Tuesday, January 11, 2022)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 1522-1551]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2021-28314]



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Vol. 87

Tuesday,

No. 7

January 11, 2022

Part III





Department of Veterans Affairs





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38 CFR Part 4





Schedule for Rating Disabilities: The Digestive System; Proposed Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 87 , No. 7 / Tuesday, January 11, 2022 / 
Proposed Rules  

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DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS

38 CFR Part 4

RIN 2900-AQ90


Schedule for Rating Disabilities: The Digestive System

AGENCY: Department of Veterans Affairs.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) proposes to amend the 
Schedule for Rating Disabilities (VASRD or rating schedule) that 
addresses the Digestive System. These changes add medical conditions 
not currently in the rating schedule, revise the rating criteria to 
reflect medical advances that have occurred since the last revision, 
clarify existing rating criteria, and update medical terminology. The 
proposed rule also reflects recommendations from the 2007 report of the 
National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine, ``A 21st Century 
System for Evaluating Veterans for Disability Benefits.'' In fashioning 
this proposed rule, VA considered the most up-to-date medical knowledge 
and clinical practice of gastroenterology and hepatology specialties.

DATES: VA must receive comments on or before March 14, 2022.

ADDRESSES: Comments may be submitted through www.regulations.gov or 
mailed to, Compensation Service, 21C, 1800 G Street NW, Suite 644A, 
Washington, DC 20006. Comments should indicate that they are submitted 
in response to RIN 2900-AQ90--Schedule for Rating Disabilities: The 
Digestive System. Comments received will be available at 
regulations.gov for public viewing, inspection or copies.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ioulia Vvedenskaya, M.D., M.B.A., 
Medical Officer, Regulations Staff, (210A), Compensation Service, 
Veterans Benefits Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs, 810 
Vermont Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20420, [email protected], 
(202) 461-9700. (This is not a toll-free telephone number.)

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Since the last update to the rating schedule 
section on digestive disorders, important advances in the science and 
medical care have occurred in the fields of nutrition, 
gastroenterology, and hepatology. Aware of the impact of these changes, 
the Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) collaborated with the 
Veterans Health Administration (VHA) to update the VASRD. The VHA 
Office of Specialty Care provided VBA with access to leading 
authorities in their respective fields to help in this update.
    VA proposes to revise 38 CFR 4.110-4.114 pertaining to the 
digestive system based on the most up-to-date understanding of 
gastrointestinal disorders and associated functional impairment. The 
Rome Foundation, a non-profit organization assisting in the diagnosis 
and treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders, has introduced 
a system and classification of the various forms of gastrointestinal 
dysfunction, known as ``Rome IV.'' See Brian Lacy, ``Bowel Disorders,'' 
Gastroenterology, 150: 1393-1407 (2016).
    In the context of the VASRD, VA has incorporated the concepts and 
diagnostic criteria outlined by Rome IV in several DCs covering 
functional digestive disorders, including the revised DC 7319 
(Irritable Bowel Syndrome) and new DC 7356 (Gastrointestinal 
Dysmotility), as discussed below. VA proposes to use these criteria to 
rate certain other functional gastrointestinal conditions. VA discusses 
the specific amendments proposed in detail below.

Proposed Deletion of 38 CFR 4.110

    Section 4.110 advises rating personnel to consider ulcer location 
(e.g., gastric, duodenal, marginal) when providing graduated 
descriptions and evaluations of peptic ulcers. VA proposes to eliminate 
this instruction as obsolete, along with current DCs 7304, 7305, and 
7306, all of which also classify ulcers by location. Modern medicine 
understands that most peptic ulcers are not due to location but either 
to infection (Helicobacter pylori), or the use of medications, such as 
aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). See E. 
Lew, ``Chapter 15: Peptic Ulcer Disease,'' in ``Current Diagnosis & 
Treatment: Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Endoscopy'' (N.J. 
Greenberger, et al. eds., 2nd ed. 2012). https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?sectionid=105183277&bookid=1621&Resultclick=2. Thus, VA 
proposes to delete Sec.  4.110.

Proposed Deletion of 38 CFR 4.111

    The current Sec.  4.111 discusses a subset of post-gastrectomy 
syndromes known as dumping syndrome. However, this section does not 
accurately reflect this specific clinical condition, nor does it offer 
specific guidance on rating it. Post-gastrectomy syndromes result from 
altered form and function of the stomach, which disrupts the stomach's 
reservoir capacity, mechanical digestion, and gastric emptying. Post-
gastrectomy syndromes result in persistent gastrointestinal symptoms 
such as epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, early satiety, bloating, 
diarrhea, or weight loss. Davis J.L., Ripley R.T., Postgastrectomy 
Syndromes and Nutritional Considerations Following Gastric Surgery, 
Surg Clin North Am. 2017 Apr;97(2):277-293. (last visited Oct 6, 2021) 
https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/playContent/1-s2.0-S0039610916521951?returnurl=https:%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0039610916521951%3Fshowall%3Dtrue&referrer=https:%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpubmed%2F28325187.
    As discussed in more detail below, VA proposes to rate dumping 
syndrome under new DC 7303, titled ``Chronic complications of upper 
gastrointestinal surgery,'' which includes operations, including 
bariatric surgery, performed on the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and 
small intestine. Therefore, the material in Sec.  4.111 is unnecessary 
and, accordingly, VA proposes to remove it.

Proposed Revisions to 38 CFR 4.112

    When first published in 1964, Sec.  4.112 discussed issues related 
to significant weight loss in general terms, referred to as 
``appreciable weight loss.'' As part of a 2001 VASRD update, VA 
introduced and defined the terms ``substantial weight loss'' and 
``baseline weight,'' as well as ``minor weight loss'' and ``inability 
to gain weight.'' 66 FR 29486 (May 31, 2001). VA incorporated these 
definitions in the VASRD to promote greater uniformity in decision 
making. Nevertheless, the weight loss requirements among conditions 
continue to vary. For instance, duodenal ulcer (DC 7305) currently 
requires weight loss productive of impairment of health, while 
ulcerative colitis (DC 7323) requires malnutrition.

[[Page 1523]]

    In accordance with advancements in medicine and the current state 
of food and nutrition science, VA proposes to update the terms 
appearing in Sec.  4.112. See Jane V. White et al., ``Consensus 
Statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society of 
Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Regarding Adult Malnutrition 
(Undernutrition),'' 112 J. of Academy of Nutritional Dietetics 730-38 
(2012). These changes would include modifications to the current 
definitions of ``substantial weight loss,'' ``minor weight loss,'' 
``inability to gain weight,'' and ``baseline weight,'' and would 
provide alternative methods for obtaining a veteran's baseline weight 
when this information was not available in the records. All of these 
proposed changes are discussed in greater detail below.
    Currently, 38 CFR 4.112 defines ``baseline weight'' as the average 
weight for the two-year period preceding the onset of the disease. 
Weight loss associated with digestive disease prior to military 
discharge is generally readily ascertainable from an individual's 
service medical records. However, weight loss associated with digestive 
disease after military discharge is often less clear, as weight in the 
military is not always available to physicians afterwards or the onset 
date of the disease is unknown. As such, VA proposes to redefine 
``baseline weight'' (also known as ``usual body weight'') as either 
documented weight upon discharge from the armed service, if relevant, 
or the documented average weight for the two-year period preceding the 
onset of illness. If none of this information is available or is no 
longer relevant or applicable, VA proposes to estimate the ``baseline 
weight'' using the Hamwi formula for ideal body weight (IBW) or the 
Body Mass Index (BMI) table. VA acknowledges that the IBW might provide 
different results than the BMI tables, depending on the person's body 
frame and size. Bhumika Shah et al., ``Comparison of Ideal Body Weight 
Equations and Published Height-Weight Tables With Body Mass Index 
Tables for Healthy Adults in the United States,'' 21(3) Nutr. Clin. 
Pract. 312-19 (2006). VA therefore proposes using either method to 
provide the veteran with the most favorable or advantageous baseline 
weight under the situations above.
    In addition to updating the definition of ``baseline weight,'' VA 
proposes to clarify the existing requirements regarding degrees of 
weight loss by including the term ``involuntary'' in reference to the 
``weight loss,'' as well as indicating that the weight loss must alter 
other aspects of health. Moreover, using weight loss to evaluate 
digestive disorders assumes that it results in some degree of 
functional impairment. VA proposes to clarify this fact, as it is not 
clear from the current requirements.
    VA also proposes to add the term ``undernutrition'' to Sec.  4.112 
to complete a comprehensive definition of weight loss severity. 
Nutritionists prefer the term ``undernutrition'' over ``malnutrition'' 
as the latter is more imprecise, denoting either over- or under-
nutrition. VA intends to define ``undernutrition'' as a deficiency 
resulting from involuntary insufficient intake of one or more essential 
nutrients, or the inability of the body to absorb, utilize, or retain 
such nutrients. This deficiency results in the failure of the body to 
maintain normal organ functions and healthy tissues. Jane V. White et 
al., ``Consensus Statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/
American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Regarding Adult 
Malnutrition (Undernutrition),'' 112 J. of Academy of Nutritional 
Dietetics 730-38 (2012). Signs and symptoms of undernutrition may 
include edema, loss of subcutaneous tissue, peripheral neuropathy, 
muscle wasting, weakness, abdominal distention, ascites, and BMI below 
normal range. Id.
    Studies indicate that poor nutritional status, to include severe 
undernutrition, can lead to severe impairment of function. See F. 
Romagnoni et al., ``Malnutrition disability evaluation,'' 199 Aging 
(Milano) 194-99 (June 2011). Severe protein undernutrition can impair 
multiple organ systems. Id. Meanwhile, gastrointestinal cancer can lead 
to severe malabsorption, gastrointestinal obstruction, bleeding, 
chronic diarrhea, and intractable vomiting. Id. Maureen B. Huhmann and 
David A. August, ``Nutrition in Gastrointestinal Cancer,'' in 
``Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease,'' 158-68 (Mark DeLegge ed. 
2008), https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-1-59745-320-2.pdf. Physicians confirm undernutrition by measuring weight, BMI, and 
laboratory results, including serum albumin, transferrin, total 
lymphocyte count, and delayed hypersensitivity index. Id. General 
treatment consists of correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalances, as 
well as nutritional replenishment. Id.
    As certain digestive conditions can lead to severe undernutrition 
and disability requiring nutritional support, VA proposes rating 
criteria that provide for higher levels of disability based, among 
other factors, on the type of nutritional support needed. As discussed 
in more detail below, VA intends to provide higher ratings for 
individuals whose digestive conditions may require total parenteral 
nutrition (TPN) or assisted enteral nutrition. VA proposes to define 
these terms to assist rating personnel in their application. In brief, 
TPN involves a special liquid nutritional mixture given into the blood 
through an intravenous catheter. See ``What Is Parenteral Nutrition?'' 
The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.) 
(2012), http://www.nutritioncare.org/About_Clinical_Nutrition/What_Is_Parenteral_Nutrition/ (last accessed Aug. 29, 2019). Assisted 
enteral nutrition, on the other hand, involves a special liquid food 
mixture given through a tube, catheter, or a surgically made hole into 
the stomach or small bowel. Id. at http://www.nutritioncare.org/About_Clinical_Nutrition/What_Is_Enteral_Nutrition/ (last accessed Aug. 
29, 2019).
    Finally, to more accurately describe Sec.  4.112, VA proposes to 
retitle it as ``Weight loss and nutrition.'' VA intends to reorganize 
this section into four paragraphs. Paragraph (a) would discuss and 
define ``substantial weight loss'' and ``minor weight loss;'' paragraph 
(b) would define ``baseline weight;'' paragraph (c) would define 
``undernutrition;'' and paragraph (d) would explain TPN and assisted 
enteral nutrition.

Proposed Revisions to 38 CFR 4.114

Multiple Ratings Under 38 CFR 4.114

    Currently, Sec.  4.114 states that ``[r]atings under diagnostic 
codes 7301 to 7329, inclusive, 7331, 7342, and 7345 to 7348 inclusive 
will not be combined with each other. A single evaluation will be 
assigned under the diagnostic code which reflects the predominant 
disability picture, with elevation to the next higher evaluation where 
the severity of the overall disability warrants such elevation.''
    As discussed below, VA proposes to add a number of new codes to the 
digestive system, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (DC 7206), 
Barrett's esophagus (DC 7207), chronic complications of upper 
gastrointestinal surgery (DC 7303), liver abscess (DC 7350), pancreas 
transplant (DC 7352), celiac disease (DC 7355), gastrointestinal 
dysmotility syndrome (DC 7356), and post pancreatectomy syndrome (DC 
7357). VA personnel currently rate these conditions analogous to DCs 
that VA excludes from combining. VA may combine the new DCs 7206 and 
7207, like other esophageal conditions, with other digestive 
conditions. However, VA proposes to preclude rating personnel

[[Page 1524]]

from combining the remaining new codes.

Diagnostic Codes 7200 Through 7202

    DC 7200 is currently titled, ``Mouth, injuries of.'' VA proposes to 
rename it to clarify that it applies to soft tissue injuries that do 
not include the tongue or lips. Current criteria remain unchanged.
    DC 7201 pertains to injuries of the lips; current criteria direct 
rating personnel to evaluate as disfigurement of the face. VA proposes 
to specify that it may be rated as either disfigurement of the face 
(under DC 7800) or as a painful scar (under DC 7804). This is intented 
to provide greater specificity for raters, and permit a potentially 
more advantageous rating to claimants based on the facts found by the 
rater.
    DC 7202 is currently titled ``Tongue, loss of whole or part.'' This 
disability usually occurs in association with treatment for 
oropharyngeal cancers. The current criteria are based on the amount of 
tongue removed and degree of speech impairment. However, the criteria 
pose limitations that prevent the accurate assessment of the disability 
in this part of the digestive system. First, only the amount of 
residual tongue and speech impairment are considered. The most salient 
digestive function, swallowing, is completely excluded. Additionally, 
the criteria do not account for advances in both medical treatment and 
rehabilitation that can restore some (if not all) of any swallowing or 
speech function. See D. Lin, M.D., et al. ``Long-term Functional 
Outcomes of Total Glossectomy With or Without Total Laryngectomy.'' 
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, vol 14(9): Pgs 797-803. 2015, https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/fullarticle/2429579 (last 
visited Oct. 06, 2021).
    The proposed revisions are intended to use criteria specifically 
focused upon disabilities arising from this part of the digestive 
system. The criteria would be revised to address swallowing from an 
anatomic perspective, so the criteria elements must reflect this 
reality. The 30-percent evaluation level would involve intact oral 
nutritional intake with permanently impaired swallowing function 
without prescribed dietary modification (for example, impaired 
swallowing can present as increased swallowing time or frequent 
aspiration). The 60-percent evaluation level involves intact oral 
nutritional intake with permanently impaired swallowing function that 
requires prescribed dietary modification. The 100-percent evaluation 
level involves absent oral nutritional intake. VA proposes two notes to 
accompany this diagnostic code. The first note would direct rating 
personnel to consider the possibility of awarding special monthly 
compensation under 38 CFR 3.350. The second note would indicate only a 
medical provider can prescribe dietary modifications for the purposes 
of this diagnostic code.

Esophageal Conditions

    The proposed changes to esophageal conditions described under 
proposed DCs 7203 through 7207 reflect the advances in treatment and 
improved understanding of esophageal disease. The proposed DCs contain 
more detailed rating criteria involving structural and motility 
disorders of the esophagus.
    Several validated studies incorporate swallowing dysfunction (due 
to stricture) as one of the major manifestations of severity in 
esophageal disorders. M. Dakkak and J.R. Bennett, ``A New Dysphagia 
Score With Objective Validation,'' 14(2) J. of Clinical 
Gastroenterology 99-100 (1992). Thus, the proposed classification and 
ratings account for this dysfunction, while also taking into account 
changes in weight, the requirement for nutritional support, 
complications, and other interventional needs. The proposed higher 
rating levels are not exclusively based on esophageal stricture-
dilatation, but offer alternative descriptors for a more comprehensive 
evaluation than the current VASRD.

Diagnostic Code 7203

    VA proposes to revise the rating criteria for esophageal disorders 
that manifest as stricture, currently evaluated under DC 7203. Although 
these conditions have a wide spectrum of causation, the manifestations 
are similar. As noted above, several validated studies incorporate 
swallowing dysfunction (due to stricture) as one of the major 
manifestations of severity in esophageal disorders. Dakkak, supra at 
99. Thus, the proposed classification and rating reflects this feature. 
VA proposes to add Note (3) that provides a non-exhaustive list of the 
numerous conditions to which DC 7203 applies. These conditions include 
but are not limited to esophagitis, mechanical or chemical; Mallory 
Weiss syndrome (bleeding due to tears at the junction of esophagus and 
stomach) due to caustic ingestion of alkali or acid; drug-induced or 
infectious esophagitis due to Candida, virus, or other organism; 
idiopathic eosinophilic or lymphocytic esophagitis; esophagitis, 
radiation-therapy induced; esophagitis due to peptic stricture; and any 
esophageal condition that requires treatment with sclerotherapy. See 
Norton J. Greenberger et al., ``Section 2: Esophageal Diseases'' in 
``Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & 
Endoscopy'' (N.J. Greenberger, et al. eds., 2d ed. 2012).
    The current criteria focus on the most common symptom, dysphagia 
(difficulty with swallowing). In its most disabling form, dysphagia can 
lead to nutritional deficiencies as well as malnutrition in general 
(either of which can result in loss of earnings capacity). One of the 
shortcomings with the current criteria is with the subjective nature of 
terminology such as ``moderate'' and ``severe.'' No concrete, objective 
definitions exist for these terms as they pertain to dysphagia.
    VA proposes to revise the evaluation criteria using the manner and 
intensity of treatment intervention as the underlying framework. 
Additionally, VA would take into consideration that the vast majority 
of esophageal strictures result from peptic disease. See D. J. 
Patterson, et al. ``Natural History of Benign Esophageal Stricture 
Treated By Dilatation,'' Gastroenterology, vol 85, pg 347. 1983, 
https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/0016-5085(83)90322-0/pdf (last 
visited Oct. 06, 2021). While some strictures are managed over a 
relatively short period of time (i.e., within 24 months), other cases 
require a long, protracted intervention period. When this occurs, VA 
would categorize these cases as either recurrent (defined as the 
inability to maintain target esophageal diameter beyond 4 weeks after 
the target diameter has been achieved) and refractory (defined as the 
inability to achieve target esophageal diameter despite receiving no 
fewer than 5 dilation sessions performed at 2-week intervals). See M. 
Kochman, et al. ``The refractory and recurrent esophageal stricture: A 
definition (letter to the editor),'' Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, vol 
62(3) pgs 474-475, 2005, https://www.giejournal.org/article/S0016-5107(05)01917-6/pdf (last visited Oct. 06, 2021). Once a case 
progresses to refractory benign esophageal stricture, only 1 in 3 cases 
ever achieve clinical resolution (defined as maintenance of dysphagia-
free status for at least 6 months without the need for further 
intervention at the end of follow-up). See A. Repici, et al. ``Natural 
history and management of refractory benign esophageal strictures,'' 
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, vol 84(2), pgs 222-228 (223). 2016. When 
longer and more intensive intervention occurs, more provider encounters 
are required, leading to a greater loss in earning capacity.

[[Page 1525]]

    VA proposes a 0-percent evaluation level for a documented history 
of esophageal stricture(s) without daily symptoms or the requirement 
for daily medications. VA proposes a 10-percent evaluation for a 
documented history of esophageal stricture(s) that requires daily 
medications to control dysphagia that is otherwise asymptomatic. VA 
proposes a 30-percent evaluation for a documented history of recurrent 
or refractory esophageal stricture(s) causing dysphagia which requires 
dilatation no more than 2 times per year. VA proposes a 50-percent 
evaluation level for a documented history of recurrent or refractory 
esophageal stricture(s) causing dysphagia which requires at least one 
of the following: (1) Dilation 3 or more times per year, (2) dilation 
using steroids at least one time per year, or (3) esophageal stent 
placement. VA proposes an 80-percent evaluation for a documented 
history of recurrent or refractory esophageal stricture(s) causing 
dysphagia where at least one of the following symptoms is present: (1) 
Aspiration, (2) undernutrition, and/or (3) substantial weight loss as 
defined by Sec.  4.112(a) and where such dysphagia was treated with 
either surgical correction or percutaneous esophago-gastrointestinal 
tube (PEG tube).
    VA also proposes to list 5 notes with DC 7203. The first note would 
require medical findings to be documented by barium swallow, 
computerized tomography, or esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The second note 
would require non-gastrointestinal complications of procedures to be 
rated under the appropriate system. The third note would provide a non-
exhaustive list of esophageal conditions to be evaluated under this DC. 
Note 4 and Note 5 would define recurrent and refractory strictures, 
respectively.

Diagnostic Code 7204

    VA proposes to retitle this DC from ``esophagus, spasm of 
(cardiospasm)'' to ``esophageal motility disorder.'' The title change 
would capture several motor disorders of the esophagus--in addition to 
esophageal spasm--to which VA would apply DC 7204. These disorders 
include but are not limited to achalasia (cardiospasm), corkscrew and 
nutcracker esophagus, esophageal rings including Schatzki rings, 
mucosal webs or folds, and other conditions influencing motility, such 
as myasthenia gravis, scleroderma, and other neurological conditions.
    VA would not substantively change the existing instruction to rate 
conditions falling under this DC as esophageal stricture (DC 7203). 
However, VA proposes to delete, as unnecessary, the prior instruction 
to evaluate an esophageal spasm not amenable to dilation as a 
stricture, because the proposed rating criteria for esophageal 
stricture under DC 7203 now consider the frequency of dilatation.

Diagnostic Code 7205

    For clarity, VA proposes to add a note with a non-exhaustive list 
of conditions to which DC 7205, acquired diverticulum of the esophagus, 
can apply. These conditions include pharyngo-esophageal (Zenker's) 
diverticulum, as well as mid-esophageal and epiphrenic diverticula. The 
existing instruction to rate conditions under this DC as esophageal 
stricture (DC 7203) would remain without substantive change.

New Diagnostic Code 7206

    VA proposes to add a new DC for rating gastroesophageal reflux 
disease (GERD). Historically, VA has rated this condition analogously 
to hiatal hernia (DC 7346). As discussed below, VA proposes to evaluate 
hiatal hernia using the revised criteria found in DC 7203 (Esophagus, 
stricture of) because the medical community now recognizes the close 
relationship between the majority of symptoms associated with these 
conditions. See Dakkak, supra. Similarly, VA proposes to evaluate GERD 
using rating criteria in DC 7203 because these criteria consider 
symptoms of esophageal obstruction and irritation, which are consistent 
with the symptoms of GERD. D. Armstrong et al., ``Canadian consensus 
conference on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease in 
adults: Update 2004,'' 19(1) Canadian J. of Gastroenterology, 15-35 
(Jan. 2005).

New Diagnostic Code 7207

    VA proposes to add Barrett's esophagus to Sec.  4.114 as a relevant 
medical condition that the VASRD does not presently address. Barrett's 
esophagus is characterized by the replacement of the normal squamous 
epithelium of the distal esophagus by dysplastic or aberrant cells 
(metaplasia), an anomalous cell overgrowth that may eventually become 
cancerous. ``Barrett's Esophagus'' in National Digestive Diseases 
Information Clearinghouse, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive 
and Kidney Diseases, NIH Publication No. 13-4546 (Feb. 2013), https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/barretts-esophagus (last visited Oct. 06, 2021). The vast majority of patients 
with Barrett's esophagus suffer no long-term effects other than the 
inconvenience of periodic endoscopy to monitor the appearance of 
adenocarcinoma. Kunal Jajoo, MD and John R. Saltzman, MD, ``Chapter 12: 
Barret Esophagus,'' in ``Current Diagnosis & Treatment: 
Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Endoscopy'' (N.J. Greenberger, et al. 
eds., 2d ed. 2012), available at http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=390&Sectionid=39819242 (last visited Oct. 06, 
2021). Various medical texts describe periodic surveillance and acid 
suppression as adequate to manage the disease. Id. This condition is 
usually a long-term complication of GERD. ``Barrett's Esophagus,'' 
supra.
    If a veteran with Barrett's esophagus also has stricture, VA 
proposes to evaluate the condition under DC 7203 (Esophagus, stricture 
of). This is consistent with the prohibition against pyramiding under 
38 CFR 4.14. If, however, esophageal stricture is not present, VA 
proposes to evaluate Barrett's esophagus based on its progression 
toward cancer. Specifically, VA proposes a 30-percent evaluation for 
more advanced presentations (known as high-grade dysplasia), documented 
by pathologic diagnosis. VA proposes a 10-percent evaluation for less 
advanced presentations (known as low-grade dysplasia). High-degree 
dysplasia represents a higher risk of disease and requires closer 
surveillance, such as more frequent endoscopy, biopsy, etc., and in 
some cases preemptive esophagectomy for adenocarcinoma. See M.S. Dar et 
al., ``Can extent of high grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus 
predict the presence of adenocarcinoma at esophagectomy?'' 52 Gut 486-
89 (2003). Low-degree dysplasia requires at least yearly endoscopy with 
biopsy. Id. The symptomatology of patients with Barrett's esophagus is 
indistinguishable from patients with GERD; thus, the rating of 30 
percent is more consistent with higher degree of obstruction, while 
those at 10 percent have mild esophageal discomfort manageable with 
medications. See Jajoo, supra.
    In addition to the above rating criteria, VA proposes to add a note 
to evaluate any developing malignancies under DC 7343 (Malignant 
neoplasms of the digestive system, exclusive of skin growths). VA 
proposes a second note to evaluate any residuals from successful 
treatment as DC 7203 (Esophagus, stricture of).

Other Digestive Disorders

Diagnostic Code 7301

    VA proposes new rating criteria that consider both alimentary 
support (such

[[Page 1526]]

as parenteral nutrition or dietary modification) and recurrent 
obstruction. Under the present rating criteria, VA assigns ratings of 
50, 30, 10, or 0 percent under DC 7301 based on whether peritoneal 
adhesions are ``severe,'' ``moderately severe,'' ``moderate,'' or 
``mild.'' These terms are generic and undefined and may lead to 
inconsistent evaluations. Further, the rating criteria do not fully 
address the complexities of this condition, which may require 
intravenous nutrition and may not be repairable.
    The current DC 7301 provides for a maximum 50-percent rating. 
However, as some adhesions do not respond to treatment or require 
nutritional support, VA intends to expand DC 7301 to include an 80-
percent evaluation. Under the proposed criteria, VA would assign an 80-
percent evaluation for persistent (continuous) partial bowel 
obstruction that is either inoperable and otherwise refractory to 
treatment or requires TPN for obstructive symptoms.
    The 0-percent evaluation is currently described as ``mild'' without 
additional criteria, explanation, or definition. VA proposes to re-
define the 0-percent evaluation by deleting ``mild'' and clarifying the 
criteria as ``a history of peritoneal adhesions, currently 
asymptomatic''. VA proposes to amend the 10-percent evaluation, and 
assign it for symptomatic adhesions, persisting or recurring after 
surgery, trauma, inflammatory disease process such as chronic 
cholecystitis or Crohn's disease, or infection, which includes at least 
one of the symptoms identified in the current VASRD (e.g., abdominal 
pain, nausea, vomiting, colic, constipation, or diarrhea). VA proposes 
to amend the 30-percent evaluation, and assign it for documented 
symptomatic adhesions that meet the criteria for a 10-percent 
evaluation, but also require medically-directed dietary modification 
other than TPN. The current rating criteria provide a 50-percent rating 
for symptomatology warranting inpatient care (e.g., severe peritonitis, 
ruptured appendix, perforated ulcer, or an operation with drainage). VA 
proposes to amend the 50-percent evaluation and assign it for 
documented symptomatic adhesions requiring hospitalization at least 
once per year, which also require medically-directed dietary 
modification, other than TPN, and at least one of the following: 
Diarrhea, constipation, colic, abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting.
    Currently, diagnostic code 7301 includes a note stating that 
ratings for adhesions only apply with a history of operative, 
traumatic, or infectious process and in the presence of at least two of 
the listed symptoms. This note indicates that VA would evaluate 
peritoneal adhesions caused by surgery, trauma, or infection. However, 
diagnostic codes 7310 (Stomach, injury of, residuals) and 7317 
(Gallbladder, injury of) provide instructions to rate analogously to 
diagnostic code 7301 in certain cases. VA proposes to delete the 
current note to clarify that no adhesions are necessary when evaluating 
stomach or gallbladder injuries under DC 7301. VA would include in the 
title of diagnostic code 7301 the language indicating that peritoneal 
adhesions must be due to surgery, trauma, disease, or infection.

New Diagnostic Code 7303

    As noted in the discussion regarding current Sec.  4.111, VA 
proposes to add a DC entitled ``Chronic complications of upper 
gastrointestinal surgery,'' which includes the need for parenteral or 
enteral nutrition and the presence of chronic residual pain, motility 
issues, and dumping syndrome. Existing codes for these conditions 
(e.g., DCs 7308-7310) would refer rating personnel to the new code, DC 
7303, when appropriate. This proposed DC would contain evaluation 
criteria based on the criteria contained in existing DCs 7308-7310. 
However, VA is retaining the individual DCs so VA may continue to track 
specific claims and outcomes.
    VA notes that existing DCs relevant to these conditions provide 
ratings at 20, 40, and 60 percent. As with other DCs, VA assigns these 
ratings when the disability level is mild, moderate, or severe, 
respectively. To better accommodate the various complications that 
arise with upper gastrointestinal surgery, VA proposes to change and 
expand the disability levels to 0, 10, 30, 50, and 80 percent. This 
change would not automatically impact any individuals with current 
disability ratings under existing DCs. If a Veteran's disability rating 
would be reduced under the amended version of DC 7303, no change in 
compensation would occur unless the Veteran applied for a change or 
reevaluation is otherwise warranted and the Veteran's disability is 
shown to have improved. See 38 U.S.C. 1155. If the Veteran's disability 
rating would increase under the amended version of DC 7303, the Veteran 
could reapply for that increase.
    VA proposes to assign a 0-percent rating for asymptomatic, post-
operative status to ensure that rating personnel understand when a 
noncompensable evaluation is appropriate. VA proposes a 10-percent 
rating when ongoing medical treatment manages either nausea or 
vomiting. This new category would allow VA to compensate those 
individuals whose effective treatment may preclude outward symptoms, 
but who nevertheless experience mild impairment due to the need for the 
treatment itself.
    Current ratings provide a 20-percent rating when the level of 
disability is mild. With the proposed addition of the 10-percent 
disability level, VA proposes to eliminate the 20-percent disability 
level and instead evaluate individuals with 2 or more of the following 
symptoms as 30-percent disabled: (1) Vomiting two or more times per 
week or vomiting not controlled by medical treatment; (2) discomfort or 
pain within an hour of eating and requiring oral ongoing dietary 
modification; or (3) three to five watery bowel movements per day every 
day.
    VA proposes to assign the next level of disability, 50-percent, 
when any of the following continued symptoms exist: (1) Daily vomiting 
not controlled by oral dietary modification or medication; (2) six or 
more watery bowel movements per day every day or explosive bowel 
movements that are difficult to predict or control; (3) post-prandial 
(meal-induced) light-headedness (syncope) with sweating, the need for 
medications (such as octreotide) specifically to treat complications of 
upper gastrointestinal surgery, including dumping syndrome or delayed 
gastric emptying (requiring promotility agents) following esophageal or 
stomach surgery.
    VA proposes an 80-percent evaluation for complete dependence on TPN 
(i.e., required continuous total parenteral nutrition) or tube feeding 
lasting for a period longer than 30 consecutive days in the past 6 
months. Although some dependence on nutritional support such as TPN or 
tube feeding is expected immediately following surgery, a duration 
lasting longer than 30 consecutive days post-operatively is excessive 
and reflects a more severe ongoing disability picture. This evaluation 
is consistent with other disability ratings which require similar 
levels of nutritional support (e.g., TPN).
    Because of its differing presentation, VA proposes to include Note 
(1), which instructs rating personnel to evaluate complications 
following intestinal resection under DC 7328 (Intestine, small, 
resection, dysfunction or malabsorption). VA also proposes to include 
Note (2), directing that rating personnel evaluate vitamin/mineral 
deficiencies associated with pancreatic surgery under the appropriate 
vitamin/mineral deficiency code if a higher evaluation would result. 
Finally, to further assist rating personnel in accurately applying DC 
7303, VA

[[Page 1527]]

intends to include Note (3), which indicates that this DC includes 
operations performed on the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and small 
intestine, including bariatric surgery.

Diagnostic Codes 7304 Through 7306

    At present, VA evaluates ulcers depending on their location under 
the following DCs: DC 7304 (Gastric); DC 7305 (Duodenal); and DC 7306 
(Marginal gastrojejunal). While ulcers may vary in location, they 
produce the same array of symptoms and do not differ in functional 
incapacity. Therefore, VA proposes to eliminate DCs 7305 and 7306 and 
revise DC 7304, retitled ``Peptic ulcer disease,'' to include all 
evaluations previously done under current DCs 7304, 7305, 7306.
    In 1984, Drs. Barry J. Marshall, and J. Robin Warren reported 
finding a curved bacillus, initially named Campylobacter pyloridis, and 
subsequently classified as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), in biopsies 
taken from patients with gastritis and peptic ulcers. B.J. Marshall and 
J.R. Warren, ``Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients 
with gastritis and peptic ulceration,'' Lancet 1(8390), 1311-15 (June 
16, 1984). Drs. Marshall and Warren received the Nobel Prize for 
Medicine and Physiology in 2005 for their discovery that peptic ulcer 
disease (PUD) was primarily caused by H. pylori, a bacterium with 
acidic affinity.
    Numerous studies have since shown that the eradication of this 
bacterium reduces ulcer recurrence and complications such as bleeding 
and cancer. See E. Lew, ``Chapter 15. Peptic Ulcer Disease,'' in 
``Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & 
Endoscopy,'' (2d ed. 2012), http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=390&Sectionid=39819246 (last visited Oct. 06, 
2021). Studies have also shown that PUD is primarily related to either 
H. pylori infection or, to a lesser degree, the use of NSAIDS. Id. 
Other peptic ulcers are residuals of surgery (anastomotic or post-
operative gastric). See C. Avunduk, ``Chapter 28. Postgastrectomy 
Disorders,'' in ``Manual of Gastroenterology: Diagnosis and Therapy,'' 
The management and outcome of PUD has been drastically changed by the 
introduction of acid-suppressive and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) 
therapy. Id. Improved hygiene and antibiotic use have also helped 
drastically reduced the overall incidence of PUD. Id. VA proposes that 
this code evaluate H. pylori, NSAID, anastomotic, and post-operative 
gastric ulcers, including treatable conditions.
    Currently, VA evaluates ulcers as ``mild,'' ``moderate,'' 
``moderately severe,'' ``severe,'' and ``pronounced.'' Although these 
terms refer to common symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, melena 
(tarry stools), and weight loss, the criteria remain subjective and 
vague, which may lead to inconsistent evaluations. For example, under 
current DC 7305, VA assigns a 40-percent evaluation when the duodenal 
ulcer is ``Moderately severe; less than severe but with impairment of 
health manifested by anemia and weight loss; or recurrent 
incapacitating episodes averaging 10 days or more in duration at least 
4 or more times a year.'' What constitutes ``less than severe'' 
symptomatology or an ``incapacitating episode'' is not defined. To 
better evaluate peptic ulcers, VA proposes to provide more specific 
rating criteria which clearly identify the major symptoms associated 
with PUD and evaluate the level of disability based on the presence of 
these symptoms, their frequency, and any treatment or outcomes.
    VA proposes to assign a 0-percent evaluation for a history of PUD 
documented by endoscopy or X-ray. VA proposes a 20-percent evaluation 
for episodes of abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting lasting for 3 days 
or more, occurring 3 times or less in the past 12 months, and the 
symptoms are managed by daily prescribed medication.
    Current criteria for a 40-percent evaluation under DC 7305 and 7306 
focus on ``recurrent incapacitating episodes,'' or ``intercurrent 
episodes of pain . . . [and] mild and transient episodes of vomiting or 
melena.'' As noted above, VA intends to reduce or eliminate ambiguity 
in its rating criteria by replacing vague terms such as ``recurrent,'' 
``transient,'' and ``incapacitating episodes'' with clear, objective 
criteria. Therefore, VA proposes to assign a 40-percent evaluation for 
episodes of abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting lasting for 3 days or 
more, occurring 4 or more times in the past 12 months.
    VA intends to assign a 60-percent evaluation for continuous 
abdominal pain with intermittent vomiting, recurrent hematemesis 
(vomiting blood) or melena (tarry stools), and manifestations of anemia 
which require hospitalization at least once in the past 12 months. The 
requirement for hospitalization is indicative of severe disabling 
effects of PUD, which is resistant to treatment and more disabling in 
its outcome than the symptomatology in the 0-, 20-, and 40-percent 
evaluation levels.
    VA proposes to assign a 100-percent evaluation for 3 months after 
surgical repair of a perforation or hemorrhage (Fitness for Work, K. 
Palmer, I. Brown, J. Hobson, Oxford U Press 2013, page 438). According 
to widely accepted occupational health reference and clinical 
guidelines, the three-month period for recuperation is recommended in 
cases of surgical repairs for perforated gastric ulcer or hemorrhage. 
(T. Palmer, I. Brown, and J. Hobson, Fitness for Work, 5th ed. (2013)). 
After three months, VA would determine the appropriate rating for 
residuals using a mandatory VA examination, as stated in the note to DC 
7304.

Diagnostic Code 7307

    While effective treatment of gastritis requires identification of 
the specific etiology (origin), the specific etiology has little 
relevance to functional incapacity, as its symptoms are consistent. 
Akiva J Marcus et al., ``Chronic Gastritis,'' Medscape (Jun 07, 2019), 
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/176156-overview (last visited 
Oct. 06, 2021). Therefore, VA proposes to retitle DC 7307 from 
``Gastritis, hypertrophic (identified by gastroscope)'' to the more 
generalized term of ``Gastritis, chronic.'' VA intends to remove the 
requirement for endoscopy (e.g., gastroscope) as it is burdensome, 
unnecessary, or replaced by radiology. See K.R. McQuaid, ``Chapter 15. 
Gastrointestinal Disorders,'' in ``Current Medical Diagnosis & 
Treatment 2021,'' (M.A. Papadakis et al. eds. 2021), https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookID=2957#249360894 (last 
visited Oct. 06, 2021). VA also proposes to add a note that lists some 
of the conditions to which this DC applies to help ensure consistent 
usage.
    The medical community recognizes the symptomatology and functional 
incapacity associated with chronic gastritis is consistent with PUD. 
Id. Therefore, VA proposes to remove the existing rating criteria and 
replace it with a directive to evaluate the condition as a form of PUD 
under DC 7304.

Diagnostic Code 7308

    Postgastrectomy syndromes (DC 7308) are complications of surgery on 
the stomach. Anatomic and physiological changes introduced by gastric 
surgery result in changes in the motor functions of the stomach, 
including disturbances in the gastric reservoir function, the 
mechanical-digestive function, and the transporting function. See 
Eagon, J.C., et al. Postgastrectomy syndromes. Surg Clin North Am. 1992 
Apr;72(2):445-65.

[[Page 1528]]

(last visited Oct. 06, 2021) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039610916456896?via%3Dihub. Therefore, VA proposes to 
remove the current rating criteria and direct rating personnel to use 
the new criteria of DC 7303 (Chronic complications of upper 
gastrointestinal surgery).

Diagnostic Code 7309

    Currently, DC 7309 (Stomach, stenosis of) directs rating personnel 
to evaluate it as gastric ulcer, DC 7304. Although this condition is 
most often a complication of upper gastrointestinal surgery, it less 
commonly may be a complication of PUD. Jin Hyoung Kim, MD, et al., 
``Fluoroscopically Guided Balloon Dilation for Benign Anastomotic 
Stricture in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract,'' 9 Korean J. Radiology 
4 (2008). As such, VA proposes to direct rating personnel to evaluate 
this condition under either DC 7303 (Chronic complications of upper 
gastrointestinal surgery) or DC 7304 (Peptic ulcer disease).

Diagnostic Code 7310

    Currently, DC 7310 directs rating personnel to evaluate injuries to 
the stomach using the criteria of DC 7301 (Peritoneum, adhesion of). 
However, certain gastrointestinal procedures can also result in injury 
to the stomach, as well as such neighboring viscera as the pancreas and 
intestines. Therefore, VA proposes to amend the existing direction to 
state that rating personnel should continue to evaluate pre-operative 
injuries to the stomach using the criteria of DC 7301 (Peritoneum, 
adhesions of, due to surgery, trauma, disease, or infection), while 
they should evaluate post-operative injuries under the new DC 7303 
(Chronic complications of upper gastrointestinal surgery). VA proposes 
to further amend the instruction for pre-operative injuries to clarify 
that no adhesions are necessary when evaluating stomach injuries under 
DC 7301.

Diagnostic Code 7312

    The current DC 7312 is entitled ``Cirrhosis of the liver, primary 
biliary cirrhosis, or cirrhotic phase of sclerosing cholangitis.'' As 
the two latter conditions are forms of cirrhosis, VA proposes to 
simplify the title of DC 7312 to ``Cirrhosis of the liver.'' Currently, 
VA evaluates conditions within the scope of DC 7312 using physical 
status, functional limitation, laboratory findings, and imaging 
studies.
    Since last modifying this rating criteria, the medical community 
has increasingly accepted the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), 
a mathematical model developed by the Mayo Clinic to predict survival 
and outcome in liver disease. P.S. Kamath et al., ``Model for End-Stage 
Liver Disease (MELD),'' 45 Hepatology 797 (2007); David Wolf, https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/hep.21563 (last 
visited Oct. 06, 2021). The MELD score is used throughout the United 
States to prioritize and stage patients waiting for liver transplants. 
It also serves as the Social Security Administration's basis for the 
SSA Chronic Liver Disease (SSA CLD) score used for calculating the 
severity of chronic liver disease. Disability Evaluation Under Social 
Security: Blue Book, Chapter 5.00 Digestive System--Adult, section 505: 
Chronic Liver Disease, Paragraph G, (Sept. 2008). The MELD score is 
well suited to rating disabilities because of its high correlation with 
clinical features, including functional status. The MELD also predicts 
prognosis (disease severity and mortality) in patients with liver 
cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatitis. F. Botta et al., ``MELD Scoring 
System in patients with liver cirrhosis and residual liver function,'' 
52 Gut 134-39 (2003), http://gut.bmj.com/content/52/1/134.full.pdf+html 
(last visited Oct. 06, 2021). Also, see Milan Sheth et al., ``Utility 
of the Mayo End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score in assessing prognosis 
of patients with alcoholic hepatitis,'' 2 BMC Gastroenterology 2 
(2002), http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-230x-2-2.pdf 
(last visited Oct. 06, 2021). Therefore, VA is proposing to include it 
in the rating criteria for cirrhosis alongside analogous clinical signs 
and symptoms.
    The following three values form the MELD score: (1) International 
normalized ratio (INR) (prothrombin time); (2) serum bilirubin; and (3) 
serum creatinine. The mathematical equation below uses these values to 
produce a score between 6 and 40, with 40 indicating a gravely ill 
person with high risk of mortality.

MELDScore = 10 * ((0.957 * ln(Creatinine)) + (0.378 * ln(Bilirubin)) + 
(1.12 * ln(INR))) + 6.43

See Wolf, supra at https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/185856-overview#showall (last visited Oct. 06, 2021). The scores from 6 to 15 
correlate best with expected survival. Id. VA intends the rating 
criteria to list ranges of MELD scores that correspond to various 
levels of liver impairment correlated with clinical findings.
    As the MELD score may not always be available, VA also proposes to 
include alternative means of determining functional impairment using 
clinical findings pertaining to physical status, functional incapacity, 
laboratory findings, and imaging studies.
    VA intends to assign a 0-percent evaluation for a history of liver 
disease without current symptoms. Consistent with the current 
evaluation under DC 7312, VA would assign a 10-percent evaluation for 
either a MELD score greater than 6 but less than 10, or evidence of 
weakness, anorexia, abdominal pain, or malaise.
    VA currently assigns a 30-percent evaluation for portal 
hypertension and splenomegaly, with weakness, anorexia, abdominal pain, 
malaise, and at least minor weight loss. VA proposes to eliminate the 
reference to ``minor weight loss'' and assign a 30-percent evaluation 
for either a MELD score of 10 or 11, or; portal hypertension 
(splenomegaly or ascites) with weakness, anorexia, abdominal pain, or 
malaise, which would fully reflect the severity of the disability.
    The current DC 7312 assigns either a 50- or 70-percent evaluation 
depending on the number of episodes of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, 
or hemorrhage from varices or portal gastropathy (erosive gastritis). 
VA proposes to eliminate the 50- and 70-percent levels of evaluation 
and assign a 60-percent evaluation for a MELD score greater than 11 but 
less than 15, or daily fatigue with at least 1 episode in the last year 
of variceal hemorrhage, portal gastropathy, or hepatic encephalopathy. 
This proposal would ensure VA rates individuals for chronic 
symptomatology, as well as episodic flare-ups.
    VA proposes a 100-percent evaluation for either a MELD score of at 
least 15, or constant daily debilitating symptoms and generalized 
weakness with at least one of the following: Ascites (fluid in the 
abdomen), a history of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, 
encephalopathy, variceal hemorrhage, coagulopathy, portal gastropathy, 
hepatopulmonary or hepatorenal syndrome.
    In addition to the above rating criteria, VA proposes to add three 
notes. Note 1 would instruct rating personnel to evaluate 
hepatocellular carcinoma occurring with cirrhosis under DC 7343 
(Malignant neoplasms of the digestive system, exclusive of skin 
growths) rather than cirrhosis. Note 2 would indicate that biochemical 
studies, imaging studies, or biopsies must confirm liver dysfunction, 
including hyponatremia, thrombocytopenia, and/or coagulopathy in order 
to receive an evaluation under DC 7312. Note 3 would instruct rating 
personnel to

[[Page 1529]]

evaluate the condition based on symptomatology where the evidence does 
not contain a MELD score.

Diagnostic Code 7314

    DC 7314 is currently titled ``Cholecystitis, chronic,'' which is a 
persistent swelling and irritation of the gallbladder. The gallbladder 
is a sac adjacent to the liver that stores bile, a substance the liver 
makes and the intestines use to digest fats. See ``Gallstones,'' 
National Digestive Diseases Information Clearing House, NIH Publication 
No. 13-2897 (November 2017), https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/gallstones (last visited Oct. 06, 2021). 
The symptoms of chronic cholecystitis are similar to other diseases of 
the biliary tract (the name for the liver and gallbladder ducts, which 
are related to the production, storage, and use of bile). See G. 
Paumgartner and N.J. Greenberger, ``Chapter 53. Gallstone Disease,'' in 
``Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & 
Endoscopy,'' (N.J. Greenberger, et al. eds., 2d ed. 2012), http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=390&Sectionid=39819290 
(last visited Oct. 06, 2021). Therefore, VA proposes to expand this DC 
to cover all chronic diseases of the biliary tract by retitling it 
``Chronic biliary tract disease.''
    Currently, DC 7314 provides 30-, 10-, and 0-percent evaluations. VA 
assigns a 30-percent evaluation if the condition is severe, with 
frequent attacks of gallbladder colic. VA assigns a 10-percent 
evaluation if the condition is moderate, with gallbladder dyspepsia, 
confirmed by X-ray, and with infrequent attacks (not over 2 or 3 a 
year) of gallbladder colic, with or without jaundice. VA assigns a 0-
percent evaluation if the condition is mild.
    VA proposes to eliminate the subjective terms in the existing 
criteria as a way of reducing inconsistent evaluations, but continue 
rating these conditions on the frequency of ``attacks.'' To provide 
more objectivity to the rating process, VA proposes to specify the 
number of episodes and associated symptoms required for each level of 
disability.
    VA proposes to assign a 30-percent evaluation for 3 or more 
clinically documented attacks of right upper quadrant pain with nausea 
and vomiting in the past 12 months; or when biliary tract strictures 
require dilatation at least once in the past 12 months. VA would assign 
a 10-percent evaluation for 1 or 2 clinically documented attacks of 
right upper quadrant pain with nausea and vomiting in the past 12 
months. Under this proposal, VA would assign a 0-percent evaluation 
when the condition is asymptomatic and there is no history of a 
clinically documented attack of right upper quadrant pain with nausea 
and vomiting in the past 12 months.
    In addition to the above criteria, VA proposes to note the 
following non-exhaustive list of conditions to which this DC applies: 
Cholangitis, biliary strictures, Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, bile 
duct injury, and choledochal cyst. This note would also direct 
evaluating primary sclerosing cholangitis under the renamed DC 7345 
(Chronic liver disease without cirrhosis), due to shared 
symptomatology.

Diagnostic Code 7315

    DC 7315, Chronic choleslithiasis, currently directs rating 
personnel to evaluate this condition under DC 7314 (Cholecystitis, 
chronic). VA does not propose any changes other than amending the 
instruction to reflect the retitling of DC 7314.

Diagnostic Code 7316

    DC 7316, chronic cholangitis, is one of several related conditions 
currently evaluated under DC 7314 (Cholecystitis, chronic). VA proposes 
to track this disability under DC 7314, so it proposes to eliminate DC 
7316. This removal would not, in and of itself, alter existing 
evaluations or grants of service connection. Rather, VA would modify 
the individual's record to reflect the grant of service connection 
under DC 7314 instead of DC 7316.

Diagnostic Code 7317

    Currently, VA directs rating personnel to rate gallbladder injuries 
under DC 7301 (Peritoneum, adhesions of). However, that code does not 
address all likely effects of injuries to the gallbladder. Therefore, 
VA proposes to evaluate this condition under whichever of the following 
DCs most effectively demonstrates the level of functional limitation: 
7301 (Peritoneal adhesions), or 7314 (Chronic gallbladder and biliary 
tract disease), or 7318 (Cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal) 
complications of (such as strictures and biliary leaks)). VA also 
proposes to correct a typographical error, changing the title from 
``Gall bladder, injury of,'' to ``Gallbladder, injury of.''
    Further, VA proposes to add a note to DC 7317, clarifying that no 
adhesions are necessary when evaluating gallbladder injuries under DC 
7301.

Diagnostic Code 7318

    Currently, DC 7318 is titled, ``Gall bladder, removal of.'' As with 
DC 7317, VA is correcting the spelling to ``Gallbladder.'' However, the 
current title does not fully express the scope of complications of 
gallbladder removal. Also, the medical term for gallbladder removal is 
cholecystectomy. As rating personnel may encounter either term in 
medical records, VA proposes to retitle this DC as ``Cholecystectomy 
(gallbladder removal), complications of (such as strictures and biliary 
leaks).''
    VA currently assigns a 30-percent evaluation for severe symptoms, a 
10-percent evaluation for mild symptoms, and 0-percent evaluation if 
the condition is asymptomatic. Using subjective terms ``severe'' and 
``mild'' without indicating specific symptoms may contribute to 
inconsistent evaluations.
    Therefore, VA proposes new criteria that enumerate the 
complications and symptoms, to include abdominal pain and diarrhea, 
resulting from the removal of the gallbladder. See Steen W. Jensen, MD, 
``Postcholecystectomy Syndrome,'' Medscape Reference (Jul 24, 2020), 
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/192761-overview (last visited 
Oct. 06, 2021). Specifically, VA proposes to assign a 0-percent 
evaluation for a cholecystectomy without symptoms. VA proposes a 10-
percent evaluation for intermittent (stopping and starting at 
intervals) abdominal pain and diarrhea characterized by one to two 
watery bowel movements per day. VA proposes a 30-percent evaluation for 
recurrent abdominal pain most often occurring after a meal (post-
prandial) or at night time (nocturnal) and chronic diarrhea 
characterized by three or more watery bowel movements per day.

Diagnostic Code 7319

    DC 7319 is currently titled ``Irritable colon syndrome (spastic 
colitis, mucous colitis, etc.).'' However, the medical community now 
refers to ``irritable colon syndrome'' as ``irritable bowel syndrome.'' 
Therefore, VA proposes to retitle this code ``Irritable Bowel Syndrome 
(IBS)'' to more accurately describe the condition to which it applies.
    The current evaluation levels under this DC are 30, 10, and 0-
percent. VA assigns a 30-percent evaluation if the condition is severe, 
``with diarrhea or alternating diarrhea and constipation, with more or 
less constant abdominal distress.'' VA assigns a 10-percent evaluation 
if the condition is moderate, with ``frequent episodes of bowel 
disturbance with abdominal distress.'' VA assigns a 0-percent 
evaluation if the condition is mild, with ``disturbances of bowel 
function with occasional episodes of abdominal distress.''

[[Page 1530]]

    VA proposes to replace current criteria with more objective 
criteria derived from the Rome IV criteria for IBS. See Brian Lacy, 
``Bowel Disorders,'' Gastroenterology, 150: 1393-1407 (2016).
    Specifically, VA proposes to assign a 10-percent evaluation when an 
individual has abdominal pain related to defecation at least once 
during the previous 3 months. In addition, this person must have had 
two or more of the following: Change in stool frequency, change in 
stool form, altered stool passage (straining and/or urgency), 
mucorrhea, abdominal bloating, or subjective distension.
    VA proposes to assign a 20 percent evaluation when an individual 
has abdominal pain for at least 3 days per month during the previous 3 
months. Additionally, this individual must have had two or more of the 
following: Change in stool frequency, change in stool form, altered 
stool passage (straining and/or urgency), mucorrhea, abdominal 
bloating, or subjective distension.
    VA proposes a 30-percent evaluation when an individual has at least 
one episode per week of abdominal pain associated with defecation 
during the previous 3 months. Further, the individual must have 
exhibited two or more of the following: Change in stool frequency, 
change in stool form, altered stool passage (straining and/or urgency), 
mucorrhea, abdominal bloating, or subjective distension.
    VA also proposes to add one note to DC 7319 to assist rating 
personnel in applying these criteria. This note would clarify that this 
DC pertains to functional digestive disorders (38 CFR 3.317), such as 
dyspepsia, functional bloating and constipation, and diarrhea. Rating 
personnel may evaluate other symptoms of functional digestive disorders 
not found under this code using new DC 7356 (gastrointestinal 
dysmotility syndrome), following the general principles of Sec. Sec.  
4.14 and 4.114.

Proposed Elimination of DC 7321, Amebiasis, DC 7322, Dysentery, 
Bacillary, and DC 7324, Distomiasis, Intestinal or Hepatic

    All three diagnostic codes refer to conditions that are infectious 
in nature. There are two main types of dysentery: (1) Bacillary 
dysentery or shigellosis that is caused by shigella bacteria, and (2) 
amebic dysentery or amebiasis that is caused by an ameba (single-celled 
parasite) called Entamoeba histolytica. DC 7324 is currently titled 
``Distomiasis, intestinal or hepatic'' and refers to the early 20th 
century medical texts that used this now outdated term when referring 
to an intestinal parasitosis caused by trematodes or flukes (Fasciola 
hepatica).
    VA published a final rule in the Federal Register at 84 FR 28227 on 
June 18, 2019, to amend 38 CFR 4.88a and 4.88b, the portion of the 
VASRD dealing with infectious diseases, immune disorders, and 
nutritional deficiencies. In this final rule, VA introduced two new 
diagnostic codes, DC 6334 (Shigella infections) and 6320 (Parasitic 
diseases) otherwise not specified. DC 6334 addresses conditions 
previously covered under DC 7322 and DC 6320 addresses conditions 
previously covered under DC 7321 and DC 7324. Therefore, VA proposes to 
delete DC 7321 (Amebiasis), DC 7322 (Dysentery, bacillary), and DC 7324 
(Distomiasis, intestinal or hepatic) from the portion of the rating 
schedule that addresses the digestive system.
    This removal would not, in and of itself, alter existing 
evaluations or grants of service connection. Rather, VA would modify 
the individual's record to reflect the grant of service connection 
under the appropriate diagnostic code.

Diagnostic Code 7323

    VA currently evaluates ulcerative colitis (DC 7323) at 100, 60, 30, 
or 10 percent. VA assigns a 100-percent evaluation if the condition is 
pronounced, resulting in marked malnutrition, anemia, and general 
debility, or if there are serious complications, such as liver abscess. 
A severe condition, consisting of numerous attacks yearly and 
malnutrition, with health only fair during remissions, warrants a 60-
percent evaluation. VA assigns a 30-percent evaluation if the condition 
is moderately severe, with frequent exacerbations. A moderate 
condition, with infrequent exacerbations, warrants a 10-percent 
evaluation.
    Ulcerative colitis is one of the primary forms of inflammatory 
bowel disease. While specific inflammatory bowel diseases merit 
different treatment, they share many common symptoms and resulting 
functional impairments. ``Ulcerative Colitis,'' University of Maryland 
Medical Center, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center (Apr. 23, 2013), 
http://www.umm.edu/programs/ibd/services/colitis (last visited Oct. 06, 
2021). Therefore, VA proposes to remove the existing criteria and 
replace it with an instruction to rate the condition using the criteria 
proposed for the newly created DC 7326, Crohn's disease, another form 
of inflammatory bowel disease.

Diagnostic Code 7325

    Currently, VA evaluates chronic enteritis using the criteria under 
DC 7319 (Irritable colon syndrome). However, this process may not 
account for the most likely or most disabling of symptoms. Therefore, 
VA proposes to direct rating personnel to rate these conditions under 
either the revised DC 7319 (Irritable bowel syndrome) or DC 7326 
(Crohn's disease), whichever is most appropriate.

Diagnostic Code 7326

    Currently, DC 7326 is titled ``Enterocolitis, chronic.'' VA 
proposes to retitle it, ``Crohn's disease or undifferentiated form of 
inflammatory bowel disease'' to account for the array of inflammatory 
intestinal conditions that have similar symptoms and functional 
outcomes.
    Currently, VA directs rating personnel to evaluate this condition 
using the criteria provided under DC 7319 (Irritable colon syndrome). 
However, the medical community has determined that inflammatory bowel 
conditions are distinct from irritable bowel conditions (see DC 7319) 
and are characterized by inflammation of unknown etiology that can 
affect any portion of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the 
perianal area. See ``IBS and IBD: Two Very Different Disorders,'' 
Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America (Oct. 2019), https://www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org/what-is-ibd/ibs-vs-ibd (last visited 
Oct. 06, 2021). See also ``What Is Crohn's Disease?'' Crohn's & Colitis 
Foundation of America, http://www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org/what-are-crohns-and-colitis/what-is-crohns-disease/ (last visited Oct. 06, 
2021). Transmural inflammation, coupled with the number of potentially 
affected organs, produces various signs and symptoms and corresponding 
functional outcomes.
    Therefore, VA proposes new rating criteria based on the Truelove 
and Witts criteria for inflammatory bowel disease, to include Crohn's 
disease and ulcerative colitis (DC 7323). A. Kornbluth and D. Sachar, 
``The Practice Guidelines for Ulcerative Colitis of the American 
College of Gastroenterology,'' 105 a.m. J. Gastroenterology, 501-23 
(2010). These criteria focus on the frequency and severity of the 
hallmark clinical symptom, bloody diarrhea with rectal urgency. Id. In 
addition to these criteria, VA proposes to evaluate the severity of the 
disease based on the number and frequency of exacerbations, as well as 
the level of treatment used to control the disease.

[[Page 1531]]

    According to the Truelove and Witts criteria, mild symptomatology 
involves fewer than four bowel movements per day with infrequent rectal 
bleeding; severe symptomatology involves six or more bowel movements 
per day with frequent rectal bleeding. VA therefore proposes to assign 
a 10-percent evaluation for minimal or mild symptomatic disease that is 
managed with oral or topical agents (other than immunosuppressants or 
other biologic agents) and is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain 
with 3 or less daily episodes of diarrhea and no signs of systemic 
toxicity.
    VA proposes a 30-percent evaluation for mild to moderate disease, 
with recurrent abdominal pain, with 3 or less episodes of diarrhea per 
day, minimal signs of toxicity (fever, tachycardia, or anemia), and 
symptoms managed with topical or oral agents.
    VA proposes to assign a 60-percent evaluation for moderate disease 
with recurrent abdominal pain, 4 to 5 daily episodes of diarrhea, and 
intermittent signs of toxicity (such as fever, tachycardia, or anemia), 
and requiring immunosuppressants or other biologic agents on an 
outpatient basis.
    VA proposes a 100-percent evaluation for all cases of severe 
inflammatory bowel disease that are unresponsive to treatment, require 
hospitalization at least annually, and result in either an inability to 
work or are characterized by recurrent abdominal pain associated with 
at least 2 of the following features: 6 or more episodes per day of 
diarrhea, 6 or more episodes per day of rectal bleeding, recurrent 
episodes of rectal incontinence, or recurrent abdominal distention. VA 
also proposes to include three notes to assist rating personnel in 
applying DC 7326. The first note would direct that, following colectomy 
or colostomy with persistent or recurrent residuals, rating personnel 
should evaluate the condition under DC 7326 or DC 7329 (Intestine, 
large, resection of), whichever DC provides the highest rating. The 
second note would state that endoscopy or radiologic studies must 
confirm the diagnosis of IBD for VA rating purposes to ensure the 
proper application of this code. William A. Rowe et al., ``Inflammatory 
bowel disease,'' Medscape Reference (Apr 10, 2020), http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/179037-overview (last visited Oct. 06, 
2021). Finally, the third note would inform personnel that inflammatory 
bowel disease may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract from 
the mouth to the anus.
    VA acknowledges that, generally, the use of the terms ``minimal,'' 
``mild,'' ``moderate,'' and ``severe'' may lead to inconsistent 
evaluations due to their subjectivity. However, VA proposes to provide 
more clarity in the assignment of ratings by defining these terms by 
the characteristics and criteria listed for each level under DC 7326.

Diagnostic Code 7327

    Currently, DC 7327 is titled ``Diverticulitis.'' VA proposes to 
retitle it as ``Diverticulitis and diverticulosis'' to account for 
other conditions that rating personnel presently evaluate analogously 
under this code.
    In its present form, DC 7327 does not provide specific criteria for 
diverticulitis but instead directs rating personnel to evaluate it as 
irritable colon syndrome (DC 7319), peritoneal adhesions (DC 7301), or 
ulcerative colitis (DC 7323), depending on the predominant disability 
picture. However, these criteria do not sufficiently capture its 
functional impairment. Therefore, VA proposes criteria specific to 
diverticulitis, such as fever, abdominal pain, elevated white cell 
count, the frequency of disabling episodes, the development of 
abdominal complications, intestinal bleeding, and hospitalizations. 
According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and 
Kidney Disease, diverticulosis is quite common, especially in the aging 
population. Survey data suggests while only about 35 percent of U.S. 
adults age 50 years or younger have diverticulosis, individuals older 
than age 60 are affected at a higher rate (58 percent). Furthermore, 
research suggests that less than 5 percent of people with 
diverticulosis would develop diverticulitis, but most people with 
diverticulosis will never develop symptoms or problems. See 
``Diverticular Disease,'' National Digestive Diseases Information 
Clearing House, NIH Publication No. 13-1163 (May 2016), https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diverticulosis-diverticulitis/definition-facts (last visited Oct. 06, 2021).
    Specifically, VA proposes assigning a 0-percent evaluation for 
asymptomatic diverticulitis or diverticulosis; or a symptomatic 
diverticulitis or diverticulosis that is managed by diet and 
medication. VA proposes a 20-percent evaluation for diverticular 
disease requiring hospitalization one or more times per year for 
abdominal distress, fever, and leukocytosis (elevated white blood 
cells) without associated hemorrhage, obstruction, abscess, 
peritonitis, or perforation. VA proposes a 30-percent evaluation for 
diverticular disease requiring hospitalization for abdominal distress, 
fever, and leukocytosis one or more times the past 12 months, with at 
least 1 of the following complications: Hemorrhage, obstruction, 
abscess, peritonitis, or perforation. VA also proposes to include one 
note to clarify that rating personnel should evaluate colectomy or 
colostomy under either this DC or DC 7329 (Intestine, large, resection 
of), whichever DC results in the highest evaluation.

Diagnostic Code 7328

    VA currently evaluates resection of the small intestine as follows: 
A 60-percent evaluation if the condition shows ``marked interference 
with absorption and nutrition, manifested by severe impairment of 
health objectively supported by examination findings, including 
material weight loss;'' a 40-percent evaluation if the condition 
produces ``definite interference with absorption and nutrition, 
manifested by impairment of health objectively supported by examination 
findings, including definite weight loss;'' and a 20-percent evaluation 
if the condition is ``symptomatic, with diarrhea, anemia, and inability 
to gain weight.''
    These criteria contain vague terms, such as ``material,'' 
``definite,'' and ``marked.'' Also, the current criteria, based partly 
on weight loss or the inability to gain weight, are no longer 
appropriate because the availability of parenteral and supplemental 
nutrition will ordinarily allow patients to maintain body weight.
    Therefore, VA proposes to provide rating criteria that are both 
more objective and more characteristic of the disabling effects of 
resection of the small intestine in light of modern medicine. The new 
criteria would consider the need for oral dietary supplementation or 
parenteral nutrition and the presence of diarrhea and other symptoms.
    Based on the current clinical guidelines and reflective of 
functional outcomes of small intestine resection described below, VA 
proposes to assign a 0-percent evaluation for asymptomatic individuals 
with a history of resection of the small intestine. VA would assign a 
20-percent evaluation for an individual who is status post intestinal 
resection and experiences 4 or more episodes of diarrhea per day. VA 
proposes a 40-percent evaluation when there is evidence of 4 or more 
episodes of diarrhea per day resulting in undernutrition and anemia, 
and the individual requires prescribed oral dietary supplementation and 
continuous medication. VA proposes a 60-percent evaluation for 
manifestations of undernutrition and anemia and

[[Page 1532]]

requiring prescribed oral dietary supplementation, continuous 
medication and intermittent total parental nutrition (TPN). VA proposes 
an 80-percent evaluation for manifestations of undernutrition and 
anemia that require total parenteral nutrition.
    Additionally, VA proposes to include an explanatory note stating 
that this condition includes short bowel syndrome, mesenteric ischemic 
thrombosis, and post-bariatric surgery complications with instructions 
to consider a higher rating for short bowel syndrome with high-output 
syndrome (including high-output stoma) under DC 7329 ``Intestine, 
large, resection of.''
    The average length of the adult human small intestine is 
approximately 600 cm (236.22 in), as calculated from studies performed 
on cadavers. According to Lennard-Jones and to Weser, the range extends 
from 260 (102.4 in) to 800 cm (315 in).[1] Any disease, traumatic 
injury, vascular accident, or other pathology that leaves less than 200 
cm (78.7 in) of viable small bowel or results in a loss of 50 percent 
or more of the small intestine places the patient at risk for 
developing short-bowel syndrome. Short-bowel syndrome is a disorder 
clinically defined by malabsorption, diarrhea, steatorrhea (fatty 
stool), fluid and electrolyte disturbances, and malnutrition. The 
common etiologic factor in all causes of short-bowel syndrome is the 
functional or anatomic loss of extensive segments of small intestine so 
that absorptive capacity is severely compromised. Burt Cagir, M.D., 
FACS, ``Short Bowel Syndrome,'' Medscape Reference (May 22, 2019), 
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/193391-overview#showall (last 
viewed Oct. 10, 2019). In some cases, short bowel syndrome can result 
in high-output syndrome (including high-output stoma), in which the 
increased elimination and reduced absorption in the colon produce an 
imbalance in certain electrolytes. Therefore, VA intends to direct 
rating personnel to consider whether they may assign a higher 
evaluation under proposed DC 7329 (Intestine, large, resection of), 
where VA provides for a 100-percent evaluation when a high-output 
syndrome has resulted in more than 2 episodes of dehydration requiring 
intravenous hydration in the past 12 months.

Diagnostic Code 7329

    VA currently evaluates resection of the large intestine (DC 7329) 
based on undefined criteria of whether symptoms are ``severe'' (40 
percent), ``moderate'' (20 percent), or ``slight'' (10 percent). VA 
proposes new rating criteria that replace these subjective terms with 
more objective indicators based on the amount/level of resection, the 
need for chronic intravenous hydration following surgery, and other 
surgical outcomes, such as colostomy and ileostomy.
    Specifically, VA proposes evaluations at the 10, 20, and 40 percent 
levels for partial colectomy (resection of only part of the large 
intestines). VA proposes a 10-percent evaluation for a partial 
colectomy with reanastomosis (reconnection of the intestinal tube). VA 
proposes a 20-percent evaluation for a similar level of resection 
(partial colectomy), but loss of the ileocecal valve, which prevents 
the flow of bacteria from the large intestine to the small intestine, 
and with subsequent recurrent diarrhea of more than 3 times per day. 
See ``Short Bowel Syndrome and Crohn's Disease,'' Crohn's & Colitis 
Foundation of America, 3 (March 2018), https://www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org/sites/default/files/legacy/assets/pdfs/short-bowel-disease-crohns.pdf (last visited Oct. 06, 2021). Without 
the ileocecal valve, individuals may develop small-growth bacteria, 
which manifest as diarrhea, bloating, nausea, and vomiting. Id.
    VA proposes a 40-percent evaluation for a partial colectomy with 
permanent colostomy (an opening in the abdominal wall that is made 
during surgery). Individuals with colostomies must live with small bags 
attached to their abdomen. These bags collect stool and individuals 
must empty them. See ``Colostomy,'' in ``A.D.A.M. Medical 
Encyclopedia,'' PubMed Health, U.S. National Library of Medicine (Oct. 
05, 2021), http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002942.htm 
(last visited Oct. 06, 2021).
    Additionally, VA proposes higher ratings, 60 and 100 percent, for 
veterans with total colectomies, or complete removal of the large 
intestines (colon). Total colectomy is a procedure most commonly done 
to treat many diseases of the colon such as colon cancer, Crohn's 
disease, ulcerative colitis, or massive abdominal trauma. One of the 
major functions of the intact large intestine is to absorb water, 
electrolytes, and vitamins. Following total colectomies, increased 
amount of fluid may be excreted, resulting in a chronic salt and water 
depletion, which can result in a number of metabolic changes. Christl 
SU and Scheppach W., Metabolic consequences of total colectomy. Scand J 
Gastroenterol Suppl. 1997;222:20-4. (last visited Oct. 06, 2021) In 
some cases, total colectomy is performed in conjunction with ileostomy 
surgery (small intestine known as the ileum). Permanent ileostomies are 
created when the large intestine (colon) is damaged and needs removing. 
Occasionally, and most frequently seen in cases with ileostomies, 
individuals may experience ``high-output syndrome,'' in which the high 
intestinal output increases the risk of dehydration and fluid-
electrolyte abnormalities, and seriously impairs the quality of life. 
K. McDoniel et al., ``Use of clonidine to decrease intestinal fluid 
losses in patients with high-output short bowel syndrome,'' 28 J. of 
Parenteral Enteral Nutrition 4: 265-68 (July-Aug. 2004). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15291409 (last visited Oct. 06, 2021)
    To adequately compensate veterans with total colectomies, VA 
proposes a 60-percent evaluation for a total colectomy without high 
output syndrome. VA proposes a 100-percent evaluation for a total 
colectomy with formation of ileostomy (permanent opening), high-output 
syndrome, and more than 2 episodes of dehydration requiring intravenous 
hydration in the past 12 months.

Diagnostic Code 7330

    DC 7330 is currently titled ``Intestine, fistula of, persistent, or 
after attempt at operative closure.'' However, this title does not 
address the full range of intestinal fistulas. Therefore, VA proposes 
to retitle this code as ``Intestinal fistulous disease, external,'' and 
include a note explaining that this code applies to external fistulas 
that have developed as a consequence of abdominal trauma, surgery, 
radiation, malignancy, infection, or ischemia. David E. Stein, MD, et 
al., ``Intestinal Fistulas Treatment and Management,'' Medscape 
Reference (Mar 08, 2018), http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/179444-overview (last visited Oct 06, 2021).
    Currently, the amount and frequency of fecal discharge determines 
the evaluation under DC 7330. VA assigns a 100-percent evaluation if 
fecal discharge is ``copious and frequent;'' a 60-percent evaluation 
for discharge that is ``constant or frequent;'' and a 30-percent 
evaluation for ``slight'' and ``infrequent.'' VA evaluates healed 
fistulas as peritoneal adhesions. As previously noted, terms such as 
``frequent'' and ``slight'' are too vague to allow for consistent 
evaluations. Through this update, VA proposes to replace such 
references with more specific and objective criteria.
    Therefore, VA proposes new rating criteria which would account for 
the

[[Page 1533]]

quantity of drainage from the fistula, as well as any need for 
nutritional support. Specifically, VA proposes a 30-percent evaluation 
for intermittent fecal discharge with persistent drainage that lasts 
longer than 3 months in the past 12 months. VA proposes a 60-percent 
evaluation for mandatory enteral nutritional support along with at 
least one of the following: Daily drainage equivalent to 3 or less 
standard ostomy bags (sized 130 cubic centimeters); or requiring fewer 
than 10 pad changes per days; or a Body Mass Index (BMI) between 16 and 
18 with persistent drainage of any amount for more than 2 months in the 
past 12 months. VA proposes a 100-percent evaluation for mandatory 
total parenteral nutrition; or enteral nutrition along with at least 
one of the following: Daily discharge equivalent to 4 or more standard 
ostomy bags (sized 130 cubic centimeters); or requiring 10 or more pad 
changes per days; or both a BMI less than 16 and persistent draining 
for more than 1 month during the past 12 months.

Diagnostic Code 7332

    Current DC 7332 applies to impairment of sphincter control of the 
rectum and anus. VA proposes to include a note to ensure that rating 
personnel understand that such control may include either the inability 
to retain or the inability to expel stool at an appropriate time and 
place.
    Currently, VA assigns: A 100-percent evaluation if the loss of 
sphincter control is complete; a 60-percent evaluation if there is 
``extensive leakage and fairly frequent involuntary bowel movements;'' 
a 30-percent evaluation for occasional involuntary bowel movements, 
such that changing a pad is necessary; a 10-percent evaluation for 
constant slight, or occasional moderate, leakage; and a 0-percent 
evaluation if the condition is healed or slight, without leakage. These 
criteria contain numerous indefinite terms, such as ``extensive,'' 
``frequent,'' ``occasional,'' and ``slight,'' which are open to 
interpretation.
    Therefore, VA proposes to use the widely-recognized Cleveland 
Clinic Incontinence Scale (CCIS), a standardized, evidence-based 
measure that accounts for difficulties with retention and expulsion of 
stool. This scale determines the severity of sphincter impairment by 
assigning a score between 0 (absent) and 4 (daily) in each of the 
following 5 categories: Incontinence to gas, incontinence to liquid, 
incontinence to solid, need to change a pad, and lifestyle changes. 
A.M. Kaiser, ``The McGraw-Hill Manual of Colorectal Surgery,'' 743 
(2009).
    VA's proposed rating criteria provide descriptive criteria that 
track the CCIS and objective means of determining functional 
impairment, such as a degree of stool incontinence, a need to change a 
pad, and lifestyle changes.
    Specifically, VA proposes a 0-percent evaluation for a history of 
impairment of sphincter control, but without current symptoms. VA 
proposes a 10-percent evaluation when a veteran has incontinence or 
retention that is fully responsive to a physician-prescribed bowel 
program and requires either medication or special diet. Alternatively, 
VA may assign a 10-percent evaluation with incontinence to solids and/
or liquids at least once every 6 months, and which requires wearing a 
pad at least once every 6 months.
    VA proposes a 30-percent evaluation when a veteran has incontinence 
or retention that is fully responsive to a physician-prescribed bowel 
program and requires digital stimulation, medication (beyond laxative 
use), and special diet. Alternatively, a 30-percent evaluation is 
proposed with incontinence to solids and/or liquids 2 or more times per 
month, which requires changing a pad 2 or more times per month.
    VA proposes a 60-percent evaluation when an individual has complete 
or partial loss of sphincter control characterized by incontinence or 
retention that is partially responsive to a physician-prescribed bowel 
program, which requires either surgery or digital stimulation, as well 
as prescribed medication (beyond laxative use) and special diet. 
Alternatively, VA may assign a 60-percent evaluation for incontinence 
to solids and/or liquids 2 or more times per week, which requires 
changing of a pad 2 or more times per week.
    VA proposes a 100-percent evaluation when a veteran has complete 
loss of sphincter control characterized by incontinence or retention 
that is not responsive to a physician-prescribed bowel program and that 
requires either surgery or digital stimulation, with medication and 
diet. Alternatively, VA may assign a 100-percent evaluation for 
incontinence to solids and/or liquids 2 or more times per day, which 
requires changing a pad 2 or more times per day.

Diagnostic Code 7333

    The current rating criteria for DC 7333, stricture of the rectum 
and anus, include: ``requiring colostomy'' for a 100-percent 
evaluation; ``great reduction of lumen, or extensive leakage'' for a 
50-percent evaluation; and ``moderate reduction of lumen, or moderate 
constant leakage'' for a 30-percent evaluation. VA notes that this 
proposed rulemaking includes a separate DC, DC 7329, which adequately 
evaluates colostomy and ileostomy. As such, there is no longer a need 
to include colostomy in the rating criteria for DC 7333. Instead, VA 
proposes to add a Note (2), directing rating personnel to evaluate an 
ostomy as DC 7329 (Intestine, large, resection of).
    Further, VA proposes to remove from the rating criteria the 
indefinite terms, such as ``great,'' ``extensive,'' and ``moderate,'' 
and instead replace them with objective criteria on the extent of 
reduction of the lumen (or the opening of the anal canal). Brisinda, 
G., et al., Surgical treatment of anal stenosis, World J Gastroenterol. 
2009 Apr 28; 15(16): 1921-1928 (last visited Oct 06, 2021) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2675080/. Specifically, VA 
proposes: A 10-percent evaluation for luminal narrowing with or without 
straining during defecation, which is managed by dietary intervention; 
a 30-percent evaluation for reduction of the lumen by less than 50 
percent, with straining during defecation; a 60-percent evaluation for 
the reduction of the lumen by at least 50 percent, with pain and 
straining during defecation; and a 100-percent evaluation for the 
inability to open the anus accompanied by the inability to expel solid 
feces. Carrington, Emma V., at al., Advances in the evaluation of 
anorectal function, Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 May; 15(5): 
309-323., (last visited Oct. 06, 2021) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6028941/.
    VA also advises in Note (1) that rating personnel may use this code 
to evaluate such conditions as dyssynergic defecation (levator ani) and 
anismus (functional constipation).

Diagnostic Code 7334

    DC 7334, Prolapse of the rectum, currently provides the following 
evaluations: 50 percent for ``severe (or complete), persistent'' rectal 
prolapse; 30 percent for ``moderate, persistent or frequently 
recurring'' rectal prolapse; and 10 percent for mild rectal prolapse 
``with constant slight or occasional moderate leakage.'' These 
criteria, employing such terms as ``mild,'' ``moderate,'' ``severe,'' 
or ``frequently recurring,'' are vague and subjective and may lead to 
inconsistent decisions.
    VA proposes to remove the subjective language and apply new rating 
criteria based on precipitating factors, whether or not prolapse can be 
reduced, along with whether or not surgical repair can be performed. 
These elements are easily measured and represent accurate

[[Page 1534]]

proxies for occupational impairment. Seenivasagam, T., et al., 
Irreducible Rectal Prolapse: Emergency Surgical Management of Eight 
Cases and A Review of the Literature Med J Malaysia Vol 66 No 2 June 
2011 (last visited Oct. 06, 2021) http://www.e-mjm.org/2011/v66n2/Rectal_Prolapse.pdf.
    Specifically, VA proposes a 10-percent evaluation for spontaneously 
reducible prolapse that is not repairable. VA proposes a 30-percent 
evaluation for manually reducible prolapse of the rectum that is not 
repairable and occurs only after bowel movements, exertion, or 
performing the Valsalva maneuver. VA proposes a 50-percent evaluation 
for manually reducible prolapse that is not repairable and occurs at 
times other than bowel movements, exertion, or while performing the 
Valsalva maneuver. VA proposes to add a 100-percent evaluation for 
persistent prolapse of the rectum that is irreducible, regardless of 
whether it is repairable. A note would continue a 100-percent 
evaluation for 2 months following any repair and provide that VA would 
then evaluate the residual condition and apply 38 CFR 3.105(e) to any 
change.
    VA also proposes a second note instructing rating personnel to 
provide a single evaluation under DC 7332 (Rectum and anus, impairment 
of sphincter control) when sphincter control is the predominant 
disability.

Diagnostic Code 7335

    ``Fistula-in-ano'' (DC 7335) is also known as ``anorectal 
fistula.'' The criteria in this DC also apply to anorectal abscesses. 
Therefore, VA proposes to add these names to the title to help rating 
personnel correctly apply the criteria.
    Currently, VA evaluates this condition analogously to DC 7332 
(Rectum and anus, impairment of sphincter control). VA assigns 
evaluations of 0, 10, 30, 60, or 100 percent based on loss of sphincter 
control and involuntary bowel movements. However, the current rating 
criteria for impairment of sphincter control does not consider the 
primary disabling effects of fistulas, which are abscesses, pain, and 
drainage. See J.L. Poggio, ``Fistula-in-Ano,'' Medscape Reference (Mar. 
27, 2020), http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/190234-overview#showall (last visited Oct. 06, 2021). Therefore, VA proposes 
the following rating criteria to address the specific disabling effects 
of fistula-in-ano: A 10-percent evaluation for a single fistula with 
pain and discharge, but which is not accompanied by abscess; a 20-
percent evaluation for 2 or more simultaneous fistulas with some 
drainage and pain, but not accompanied by abscess; a 40-percent 
evaluation for 1 or 2 simultaneous fistulas accompanied by abscess, 
drainage, and pain; and a 60-percent evaluation for more than 2 
constant or near-constant fistulas with abscess, drainage, and pain, 
which are refractory to medical and surgical treatment.

Diagnostic Code 7336

    VA currently evaluates hemorrhoids (DC 7336) by assigning: A 20-
percent evaluation for ``persistent bleeding and with secondary anemia, 
or for fissures;'' a 10-percent evaluation for hemorrhoids that are 
``large or thrombotic, irreducible, with excessive redundant tissue, 
evidencing frequent recurrences;'' and a 0-percent evaluation if they 
are ``mild or moderate.''
    Current medical understanding recognizes there are differences in 
the expected presentations, exam findings, and treatment approaches 
between internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids. See Scott C. 
Thornton,''Hemorrhoids'' Medscape Reference Sep. 24, 2019. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/775407-overview (last visited Oct. 06, 
2021). However, the current rating criteria do not differentiate 
between internal and external hemorrhoids. As such, VA proposes to 
include location in the rating criteria, as well as remove subjective 
terms such as ``mild,'' ``moderate,'' ``excessive,'' and ``frequent,'' 
which may lead to inconsistent evaluations. VA would replace them with 
more objective criteria that apply, in part, to any type of hemorrhoid 
and, in part, only to either internal or external hemorrhoids.
    VA therefore proposes to assign a 10-percent evaluation for 
prolapsed internal hemorrhoids with 2 or less episodes per year of 
thrombosis, or for external hemorrhoids with three or more episodes per 
year of thrombosis. VA proposes a 20-percent evaluation for either of 
the following: Internal or external hemorrhoids with persistent 
bleeding and anemia, or continuously prolapsed internal hemorrhoids 
with 3 or more episodes per year of thrombosis.

Diagnostic Code 7337

    Pruritis ani (DC 7337) is an itching and a compelling need to 
scratch the area around the anus. Therefore, for clarity, VA proposes 
to add ``anal itching'' to the title of this code.
    This condition is generally a symptom of another condition, such as 
a skin disorder or hemorrhoids. Currently, VA directs rating personnel 
to evaluate pruritis ani under the criteria provided for the underlying 
condition. However, in many cases, this practice does not account for 
the actual itching. Therefore, VA proposes to associate specific rating 
criteria to better evaluate it, in addition to the underlying 
condition.
    Specifically, VA proposes to assign a 0-percent evaluation for anal 
itching without bleeding or excoriation (tearing of the skin). VA 
proposes to assign a maximum 10-percent evaluation if the condition is 
associated with bleeding or excoriation.

Diagnostic Codes 7338, 7339 and 7340

    Currently DC 7338 is titled as ``Hernia, inguinal,'' DC 7339 is 
titled ``Hernia, ventral, postoperative,'' and DC 7340 is titled 
``Hernia, femoral.'' For the reasons set forth below, VA proposes to 
combine these three diagnostic codes into one diagnostic code, titled 
``Hernia, including femoral, inguinal, umbilical, ventral, incisional, 
and other (but not including hiatal).'' These different types of hernia 
have similar functional impairments that arise from the weakness and/or 
defects of the abdominal wall and associated pain. Even though the 
location of the hernia may differ, this functional impairment results 
in disabilities that can be quantified using similar elements, 
permitting development of universally applicable evaluation criteria. 
The elements for the proposed evaluation criteria are both objective 
and measurable, which in turn ensures greater consistency of 
adjudication process (inter-rater reliability).
    A hernia is defined as a protrusion, bulge, or projection of an 
organ or a part of an organ through the body wall that normally 
contains it. There are a lot of different types of hernias to include 
groin hernias (inguinal and femoral), umbilical, ventral, incisional, 
hiatal, and other less common types such as epigastric, giant 
abdominal, and spigelian. See WebMD Medical Reference, Medically 
Reviewed by Neha Pathak, MD on September 21, 2020, What Are the Types 
of Hernias? (last visited Oct. 06, 2021) https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/types-of-hernias#1. Most of the hernias, with 
exception of hiatal hernias, share common features of functional 
impairment due to abdominal wall defect, surgical approaches, and 
treatment prognosis (functional outcomes). Hiatal hernias are different 
from the other hernias because they involve a diaphragm, an internal 
muscle that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity. With a 
hiatal hernia there is no visible protrusion, but symptoms may include 
heartburn, chest

[[Page 1535]]

pain, and a bad taste in the mouth, which are due to the upward flow of 
stomach acid, air, or bile. Hiatal hernia is rated under DC 7346.
    VA proposes to combine evaluations currently done under DCs 7338, 
7339, and 7340 under new retitled DC 7338, ``Hernia, including femoral, 
inguinal, umbilical, ventral, incisional, and other (but not including 
hiatal).'' VA takes into consideration pain or discomfort somewhere on 
the surface of the abdomen or in the groin area; however, a hernia can 
also be painless and only appear as a bulge. VA proposes to base its 
evaluation of disability due to new or recurrent hernia that is present 
for 12 months or more on: (1) The size of the abdominal wall defect, 
(2) the ability to surgically repair or reduce hernia (repairable 
versus irreparable), and (3) the degree of postoperative functional 
impairment.
    VA proposes to evaluate the size of the abdominal wall defect using 
the concept of ``loss of domain'' (LOD). LOD expresses the relationship 
between the size of a hernia and abdominal volume (contents of the 
abdominal cavity) where herniated contents of the abdominal cavity 
permanently inhabit the hernia sac. See Parker, S. G., et al., What 
Exactly is Meant by ``Loss of Domain'' for Ventral Hernia? Systematic 
Review of Definitions. World J Surg. 2019; 43(2): 396-404. (last 
visited Oct. 06, 2021) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6329734/. LOD is widely used to predict operative difficulty and 
success, which in turn is indicative of any future functional 
impairment and associated disability. See E. Tanaka ``A computerized 
tomography scan method for calculating the hernia sac and abdominal 
cavity volume in complex large incisional hernia with loss of domain.'' 
Hernia, vol. 14, Pg 64. 2010. (last visited Oct. 06, 2021) https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10029-009-0560-8. Multiple sources 
identify the ``cut-off'' threshold or percentage proportion above which 
LOD becomes clinically significant (i.e. the point at which closing an 
abdominal defect becomes very difficult and development of 
complications is more likely), when a hernia's size is equal to 15 cm 
or greater in one dimension. See Buenafe A. A., Lee-Ong, A., Lateral 
release in the repair of large ventral hernia. Ann Laparosc Endosc Surg 
2019; 4:24 (last visited Oct. 06, 2021) http://ales.amegroups.com/article/view/5038/html.
    VA proposes to evaluate the degree of postoperative functional 
impairment based on the Carolinas Comfort Scale (CCS). CCS is a 
validated, disease-specific, quality of life (QOL) questionnaire 
developed for patients undergoing hernia repair, which takes into 
consideration an individual's ability to (1) bend over, (2) perform 
activities of daily living (ADLs), (3) walk, and (4) climb stairs in 
the presence or absence of postoperative pain. The presence of pain 
during these activities increases the odds that a patient will not 
return to work. See B. T. Heniford, ``Carolinas Comfort Scale as a 
Measure of Hernia Repair Quality of Life,'' Annals of Surgery, vol 
267(1), Pg. 175. January 2018. (last visited Oct. 06, 2021) https://insights.ovid.com/pubmed?pmid=27655239. Furthermore, pain is the most 
common symptom associated with hernia repair and can severely affect an 
individual's functional status. See L. Chung, et. al., ``Pain and its 
effects on physical activity and quality of life before operation in 
patients undergoing elective inguinal and ventral hernia repair,'' Am J 
Surg vol 208(3), Pg. 406-411. 2014. The CCS questionnaire proved to be 
a reliable instrument for assessing quality of life and functional 
impairment after hernia repair and has become a predominant outcome 
measure in this discipline of surgery.
    VA proposes a 100-percent evaluation for new or recurrent 
irreparable hernia, which is present for 12 months or more, and with 
both of the following features and symptoms that are present for 12 
months or more: (1) Hernia size equal to 15 cm or greater in one 
dimension; and (2) pain is present when performing at least three of 
the following activities: Bending over, ADLs, walking, and climbing 
stairs. In similar cases where pain is present when performing two of 
the aforementioned activities, VA proposes a 60-percent disability 
evaluation.
    VA proposes a 30-percent evaluation for new or recurrent 
irreparable hernia, which is present for 12 months or more, and with 
both of the following features and symptoms that are present for 12 
months or more: (1) Size is equal to 3 cm or greater but less than 15 
cm in one dimension; and (2) pain is present when performing at least 
two of the aformentioned activities. In similar cases where pain is 
present when performing one of the aforementioned activities, VA 
proposes a 20-percent disability evaluation.
    VA proposes a 10-percent disability evaluation for new or recurrent 
irreparable hernia, which is present for 12 months or more and with 
hernia size smaller than 3 cm. VA proposes a 0-percent evaluation for 
asymptomatic hernia, which is either present and repairable, or was 
repaired.

Diagnostic Code 7344

    VA proposes to add a note to DC 7344 clarifying that the conditions 
evaluated under DC 7344 ``Benign neoplasms, exclusive of skin growths'' 
include lipoma, leiomyoma, colon polyps, and villous adenoma. VA would 
not substantively change the instruction to evaluate the predominant 
disability or the specific residuals after treatment under an 
appropriate DC.

Diagnostic Code 7345

    Currently, DC 7345 is titled ``Chronic liver disease without 
cirrhosis (including Hepatitis B, chronic active hepatitis, autoimmune 
hepatitis, hemochromatosis, drug-induced hepatitis, etc., but excluding 
bile duct disorders and Hepatitis C).'' VA proposes to simplify this 
title to ``Chronic liver disease without cirrhosis,'' which would be 
consistent with current medical terminology.
    The current rating criteria for DC 7345 assigns evaluations as 
follows: A 100-percent evaluation for ``near-constant debilitating 
symptoms (such as fatigue, malaise, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, 
arthralgia, and right upper quadrant pain);'' a 60-percent evaluation 
for ``daily fatigue, malaise, and anorexia with substantial weight loss 
(or other indication of undernutrition), and hepatomegaly; or 
incapacitating episodes (with symptoms such as fatigue, malaise, 
nausea, vomiting, anorexia, arthralgia, and right upper quadrant pain) 
having a total duration of at least 6 weeks during the past 12-month 
period, but not occurring constantly;'' a 40-percent evaluation for 
``daily fatigue, malaise, and anorexia, with minor weight loss and 
hepatomegaly, or incapacitating episodes (with symptoms such as 
fatigue, malaise, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, arthralgia, and right 
upper quadrant pain) having a total duration of at least 4 weeks, but 
less than 6 weeks, during the past 12-month period;'' a 20-percent 
evaluation for ``daily fatigue, malaise, and anorexia (without weight 
loss or hepatomegaly) requiring dietary restriction or continuous 
medication; or incapacitating episodes (with symptoms such as fatigue, 
malaise, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, arthralgia, and right upper 
quadrant pain) having a total duration of at least 2 weeks, but less 
than 4 weeks, during the past 12-month period;'' a 10-percent 
evaluation for ``intermittent fatigue, malaise, and anorexia, or 
incapacitating episodes (with symptoms such as fatigue, malaise, 
nausea, vomiting, anorexia, arthralgia, and right upper quadrant pain) 
having a total duration of at least

[[Page 1536]]

1 week, but less than 2 weeks, during the past 12-month period;'' and a 
0-percent evaluation if the condition is not symptomatic.
    Current rating criteria contain numerous references to subjective 
factors, such as what constitutes an ``incapacitating episode'' and how 
long it lasts, which may contribute to inconsistent adjudication 
decisions. Similarly, the difference between ``minor'' versus 
``substantial'' weight loss is ambiguous. Therefore, VA proposes to 
include more objective factors, such as required medication and 
laboratory evidence of liver damage. VA also intends to reduce the 
number of disability levels from six (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 100) to 
five (0, 20, 40, 60, and 100) because using more objective evidence-
based factors requires clearer distinctions between disability levels. 
Veterans currently rated under DC 7345 would not see their disability 
evaluations change solely because of these proposed revisions. 
Additionally, VA takes into consideration significant advances in the 
treatment and management of patients with viral hepatitis which 
occurred during the last decade. Two major classes of antiviral 
therapeutics have been adopted to treat the infection: Drugs that 
directly interfere with virus replication (direct antiviral agents) and 
drugs that modulate antiviral immune response (immunomodulatory drugs). 
As a result, people experience better outcomes, fewer side effects and 
shorter treatment times. For example, with the use of new antiviral 
drugs, hepatitis C has become a curable disease in more that 95 percent 
of the treated patients. See Roderburg, C. et al., Antiviral Therapy in 
Patients with Viral Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Indications 
and Prognosis. Visc Med. 2016 Apr; 32(2): 121-126. (last visited Oct. 
06, 2021) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4926886/.
    VA recognizes that occupationally relevant symptoms, such as fever, 
nausea, muscle aches and soreness, joint pain, and profound fatigue, 
are common during hepatitis treatment. In some instances, headache, 
insomnia, weight loss, or difficulties with memory or concentration, 
can also occur. Bertoletti, A. and Le Bert, N., Immunotherapy for 
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection, Gut Liver. 2018 Sep; 12(5): 497-
507. (last visited Oct. 06, 2021) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6143456/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29316747/. 
Furthermore, treatment total effectiveness (``cure'') or sustained off-
treatment control (``functional cure'') of hepatitis infection is 
determined by the inability to detect virus load for 6 months after 
discontinuing therapy. VA proposes to maintain a 100-percent evaluation 
during treatment with both parenteral (infusion) direct antiviral 
agents (such as entecavir, lamivudine, tenofovir, telbivudine, and 
other) and parenteral immunomodulatory drugs (such as interferon and 
other). In a new Note (1), VA proposes to continue a 100-percent 
evaluation for six months following discontinuance of treatment 
(parenteral antiviral therapy and parenteral immunomodulatory drugs). 
Thereafter, six months after discontinuance of parenteral antiviral 
therapy and parenteral immunomodulatory drugs, VA proposes to determine 
the appropriate disability rating by mandatory VA exam. Lastly, VA 
proposes to apply the provisions of Sec.  3.105(e) to any change in 
evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination.
    VA proposes a 60-percent evaluation for progressive chronic liver 
disease that requires continuous medication and causes substantial 
weight loss and at least two of the following symptoms: Daily fatigue, 
malaise (feeling ill), anorexia (loss of appetite), hepatomegaly 
(enlarged liver), pruritus (itch), and arthralgia (joint pain). VA 
proposes a 40-percent evaluation for progressive chronic liver disease 
that requires continuous medication and causes minor weight loss and at 
least two of the following symptoms: Daily fatigue, malaise, anorexia, 
hepatomegaly, pruritus, and arthralgia. VA proposes a 20-percent 
evaluation for chronic liver disease accompanied by at least one of the 
following symptoms: Intermittent fatigue, malaise, anorexia, 
hepatomegaly, or pruritus. VA proposes to assign a 0-percent evaluation 
for a history of liver disease without current symptoms.
    VA proposes to retain existing Note (1) but re-designate it as Note 
(4). VA recognizes that some individuals may not be able to receive 
parenteral (infusion) antiviral or immunomodulatory therapy or a second 
oral antiviral medication, despite physician recommendation, because 
the use of such medications may be contraindicated in their specific 
case. Therefore, VA proposes Note (2) that instructs rating personnel 
to evaluate such cases under DC 7312 ``Cirrhosis of the liver.'' To 
further assist VA adjudicators in delivering consistent rating 
decisions, VA proposes an explanatory Note (3), which provides a list 
of the disorders to be evaluated underusing this diagnostic code: 
Hepatitis B, Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC), Primary Sclerosing 
Cholangitis (PSC), autoimmune liver disease, Wilson's disease, Alpha-1-
antitrypsin deficiency, hemochromatosis, drug-induced hepatitis, and 
non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The proposed Note (3) would also 
contain the information discussed in current Note (3), namely, that 
serologic testing must confirm Hepatitis B. Additionally, Note (3) 
would clarify that while VA would evaluate Hepatitis C using the 
criteria under DC 7345, rating personnel should code it under DC 7354 
``Hepatitis C (or non-A, non-B hepatitis)'' so VA can track the claims 
and decisions regarding Hepatitis C in the veterans' population.

Diagnostic Code 7346

    Hiatal hernias occur when part of the stomach protrudes upwards 
through the diaphragm (the muscle across the bottom of the rib cage 
that helps control breathing). Symptoms are rare, but when present are 
due to the upward flow of stomach acid, air, or bile. See ``Hiatal 
Hernia,'' in ``A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia,'' PubMed Health, U.S. 
National Library of Medicine (April 24, 2017), https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001137.htm (last accessed Nov. 6, 2018). Therefore, VA 
proposes to retitle this DC as ``Hiatal hernia and paraesophageal 
hernia'' to more accurately reflect the conditions VA is likely to 
evaluate under this code.
    VA currently assigns evaluations for hiatal hernias as follows: A 
60-percent evaluation for symptoms of ``pain, vomiting, material weight 
loss, and hematemesis or melena with moderate anemia, or other symptom 
combinations productive of severe impairment of health;'' a 30-percent 
evaluation for ``persistently recurrent epigastric distress with 
dysphagia, pyrosis, and regurgitation, accompanied by substernal or arm 
or shoulder pain, productive of considerable impairment of health;'' 
and a 10-percent evaluation for 2 or more of the same symptoms as for 
the 30 percent evaluation, but of less severity.
    However, as discussed above, the medical community now recognizes 
that impairment of the esophageal sphincter creates the majority of 
symptoms. See Dakkak, supra. As such, VA proposes to delete the 
existing rating criteria and instead instruct rating personnel to 
evaluate this condition under DC 7203 (Esophagus, stricture of).

Diagnostic Code 7347

    Currently, DC 7347 is titled ``Pancreatitis.'' Acute pancreatitis 
can be a very serious, even life threatening, condition but most 
individuals can expect complete recovery. Nevertheless, acute 
pancreatitis can become chronic if

[[Page 1537]]

pancreatic tissue sustains irreversible damage and develops scarring 
(fibrosis). Therefore, VA proposes to retitle this DC as 
``Pancreatitis, chronic'' to more adequately reflect long-term 
functional impairment of this condition.
    The pancreas is the organ that produces enzymes necessary for 
digestion. The inflammation from chronic pancreatitis disrupts the 
production of necessary digestive enzymes, creating pancreatic 
insufficiency. Etemad, B. and Whitcomb, D.C., Chronic pancreatitis: 
Diagnosis, classification, and new genetic developments. 
Gastroenterology 2001: Diagnostics & Therapeutics. Gastroenterology, 
Volume 120, Issue 3, February 2001, Pages 682-707 (last visited Oct. 
06, 2021) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001650850100796X?via%3Dihub. Abdominal pain, with intermittent attacks 
of severe pain, is the most prevalent symptom in individuals with 
chronic pancreatitis. Other symptoms associated with chronic 
pancreatitis include diarrhea and weight loss. Chronic pancreatitis is 
a severe progressive debilitating illness that can worsen over time, 
leading to permanent impairment. The clinical picture is complex, 
involving multiple systems with occasional extreme debility and 
confinement.
    The current criteria for assigning evaluations are as follows: A 
100-percent evaluation for frequently recurring disabling attacks of 
abdominal pain with few pain-free intermissions and with steatorrhea 
(excess fat in the stools), malabsorption, diarrhea, and severe 
malnutrition; a 60-percent evaluation for frequent attacks of abdominal 
pain, loss of normal body weight, and other findings showing continuous 
pancreatic insufficiency between acute attacks; a 30-percent evaluation 
for a moderately severe condition, with at least 4-7 typical attacks of 
abdominal pain per year with good remission between attacks; and a 10-
percent evaluation for at least 1 recurring attack of typical severe 
abdominal pain in the past year.
    VA proposes new rating criteria that incorporate medical advances 
in pain management, digestive enzyme replacement, and assisted 
nutrition (tube enteral feeding). Additionally, the new rating criteria 
accounts for complications resulting from pancreatic insufficiency, the 
number of annual episodes, pain management, and hospitalizations.
    VA proposes to remove the current 10-percent disability level, 
which accounts for a single attack of abdominal pain in the past year, 
which does not require any treatment or cause any long-term 
complications. This level of functional impairment would have minimal 
to no impact on earning capacity. VA proposes a 30-percent disability 
evaluation for confirmed diagnosis of pancreatitis with at least one 
episode per year of abdominal or mid-back pain that requires an ongoing 
outpatient medical treatment for pain, digestive problems, or 
management of related complications such as cyst or pseudocyst, 
intestinal obstruction, or ascites. VA proposes a 60-percent evaluation 
for three or more episodes of abdominal or mid-back pain per year, with 
at least one episode per year requiring hospitalization for management 
of complications related to abdominal pain or requiring enteral 
feeding. VA proposes a 100-percent evaluation for daily episodes of 
abdominal or mid-back pain requiring 3 or more hospitalizations per 
year, as well as pain management by a physician, with maldigestion and 
malabsorption requiring dietary restriction and pancreatic enzyme 
supplementation.
    In addition to the revised rating criteria, VA proposes to make 
nonsubstantive changes to the existing Note (1) requiring laboratory 
evidence or clinical studies confirming pancreatitis as the cause of 
abdominal pain, as many other causes for such pain may exist. VA 
proposes to delete the current Note (2). A newly proposed code, DC 7357 
(Post-pancreatectomy syndrome), eliminates the need to instruct 
personnel to rate total or partial pancreatectomy a minimum of 30 
percent.
    VA proposes replacing the current Note (2) with a note instructing 
personnel to separately rate diabetes due to pancreatic insufficiency 
under DC 7913 (Diabetes mellitus).

Diagnostic Code 7348

    DC 7348, Vagotomy with pyloroplasty or gastroenterostomy, evaluates 
complications that may occur following certain abdominal surgeries. At 
one time, physicians commonly used these procedures to treat gastric 
ulcer disease. See R.A. Hejazi et al., ``Postsurgical Gastroparesis,'' 
in ``Gastroparesis: Pathophysiology, Presentation, and Treatment,'' 194 
(Henry P. Parkman and Richard W. McCallum eds. 2012). However, 
medication now treats the majority of gastric ulcer disease. Today, 
vagotomy most often follows lung transplant surgery. Id. Therefore, VA 
proposes to remove the current reference to ``recurrent ulcer'' in the 
criteria for a 20-percent evaluation, so it would then read simply 
``with incomplete vagotomy.'' VA would not change the remainder of the 
criteria.
    Rating personnel are likely to continue to encounter veterans who 
experienced permanent complications after surgeries to treat gastric 
ulcers. Therefore, VA would retain the existing note on evaluating 
recurrent gastric ulcer following complete vagotomy. However, to 
maintain consistency with the overall amendments, the note would refer 
rating personnel to the revised DC 7304 (Peptic ulcer disease), which 
VA is proposing to expand to include all ulcer disease, rather than DC 
7305 (Ulcer, duodenal), which VA is proposing to discontinue.
    The current note under DC 7348 also instructs rating personnel to 
evaluate dumping syndrome under DC 7308. As explained above in DC 7308, 
VA believes that the most appropriate criteria for evaluating 
postgastrectomy syndromes are in the new DC 7303, and proposes to 
update the current note accordingly.

New Diagnostic Code 7350

    A liver abscess is an infection of the liver that generally 
produces symptoms of fever, chills, right upper quadrant pain, loss of 
appetite, and a general feeling of poor health. Effective treatment 
generally involves drainage of the abscess followed by antibiotics, 
although prolonged antibiotic treatment may be used exclusively if the 
individual is too ill to tolerate the drainage procedure. Ruben 
Peralta, MD et al., ``Liver Abscess,'' Medscape Reference (Mar. 27, 
2020) http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/188802 (last visited Oct. 
06, 2021). Without treatment, liver abscess results in death. Id.
    Liver abscess is relevant to veterans because it is associated with 
travel to developing countries. M.P. Sharma et al., ``Amoebic Liver 
Abscess,'' 4 J. of Indian Acad. of Clinical Med., 107 (Apr. 2003). VA 
proposes a new DC for the three major types of liver abscess, including 
pyogenic (infectious), amebic (due to Entamoeba hystolytica), and 
fungal (related to Candida albicans and others). VA proposes a new note 
under DC 7350 to inform rating personnel of the various types of 
abscesses considered under the code.
    VA proposes to assign a 100-percent evaluation for six months from 
the onset of this condition (date of initial diagnosis) followed by a 
mandatory VA examination to determine the appropriate evaluation based 
on any residuals. VA would apply the provisions of Sec.  3.105(e) to 
any reduction in evaluation. Furthermore, despite the availability of 
anti-microbial agents,

[[Page 1538]]

modern antibiotics, and recent drainage techniques, liver abscesses can 
still lead to severe debilitation and systemic manifestations of 
anemia, infection, and liver function abnormalities that generally 
resolve after a convalescence period lasting anywhere from 6 to 12 
months. Therefore, VA proposes to rate the condition based on chronic 
residuals under the appropriate body system.

Diagnostic Code 7351

    VA proposes to maintain the existing criteria for liver transplant 
(DC 7351), but intends to add a minimum 60-percent evaluation for those 
awaiting retransplantation. Complications, such as side effects of 
necessary medications, from an earlier transplant can contribute 
significantly to functional impairment. Johnny C. Hong, MD, FACS et 
al., ``Predictive Index for Long-Term Survival After Retransplantation 
of the Liver in Adult Recipients: Analysis of a 26-Year Experience in a 
Single Center'', 254 Annals of Surgery, 444 (Sept. 2011).
    VA also proposes to amend the existing note to direct rating 
personnel to evaluate the residuals of any recurrence of the underlying 
liver disease under the appropriate DC, and combine that evaluation 
with other post-transplant residuals under the appropriate body 
system(s), subject to the provisions of Sec.  4.14 and 4.114.

New Diagnostic Code 7352

    VA proposes to add a DC for pancreatic transplant. VA published its 
existing rating schedule before surgeons first performed the procedure. 
They now perform it with sufficient frequency to warrant inclusion. 
Dixon B Kaufman MD, Ph.D., ``Pancreas Transplantation'', Medscape 
Reference (Jul. 12, 2021), http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/429408 
(last visited Oct. 06, 2021).
    VA proposes to assign a 100-percent evaluation beginning on the day 
of hospital admission for transplant surgery. In addition, a note would 
require a VA examination one year following hospital discharge to 
determine the appropriate evaluation based on residuals, subject to the 
provisions of Sec.  3.105(e). VA would assign a minimum 30-percent 
evaluation for residuals of the necessary long-term immunosuppressive 
medication. This practice conforms to the concept of horizontal equity 
in other systems, such as a minimum 30 percent for cardiac 
transplantation. In addition to the reference above by Kaufman, see 
``Outcomes of Recipients With Pancreatic Transplant Alone Who Develop 
End-Stage Renal Disease: S.K. Singh; S.J. Kim et. al. Am. Journal of 
Transplantation 2016: 16(2):535-540.

Diagnostic Code 7354

    The current rating criteria for Hepatitis C (or non-A, non-B 
hepatitis) are identical to that for DC 7345 (Chronic liver disease 
without cirrhosis). VA does not intend to apply different criteria for 
Hepatitis C than for other types of hepatitis. For simplicity, VA 
proposes to delete the existing rating criteria associated with this 
code and replace it with a statement to evaluate Hepatitis C as DC 7345 
(Chronic liver disease without cirrhosis). As noted above, VA would 
retain the separate DC for Hepatitis C for purposes of tracking 
information about claims and rating decisions.

New Diagnostic Code 7355

    Celiac disease, also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is a 
chronic autoimmune disorder with gastrointestinal and extraintestinal 
(systemic) manifestations. Individuals with celiac disease cannot 
tolerate gluten (a protein commonly found in wheat, rye, and barley) 
and experience symptoms that interfere with the digestion and 
absorption of food nutrients. Gastrointestinal symptoms include chronic 
diarrhea, abdominal bloating and pain, vomiting, constipation, 
flatulence, and pale, foul-smelling, or fatty stool (steatorrhea). The 
prognosis for patients with correctly diagnosed and treated celiac 
disease is excellent. However, the prognosis for patients with celiac 
disease who are not responding to gluten withdrawal and corticosteroid 
treatment is generally poor. Furthermore, celiac disease with poor 
response to the treatment has significant and often debilitating 
maldigestive and malabsorption syndrome that affects multiple organ 
systems. See ``Celiac Disease,'' in National Digestive Diseases 
Information Clearinghouse, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive 
and Kidney Diseases, NIH Publication No. 08-4269 (Oct 2020), https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/celiac-disease/definition-facts (last visited Oct. 06, 2021). The main systemic 
(extraintestinal) manifestations of celiac disease are based on 
malabsorption syndrome. Malabsorption refers to the impaired absorption 
of nutrients and includes defects that occur both during the digestion 
and absorption of food nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract. 
Sometimes, absorption of a single nutrient component may be impaired 
(such as lactose intolerance due to lactase deficiency). However, in 
the case of systemic diseases such as celiac disease or Crohn's disease 
(which affects the whole intestine), the absorption of almost all 
nutrients is impaired. In severe cases, malabsorption causes 
significant weight loss, anemia, hypocalcemia (low level of calcium in 
the blood), osteopenia and osteoporosis (loss of calcium from bones), 
Vitamin B deficiency, dermatitis herpetiformis (a skin rash), lymph 
node enlargement, hormonal disorders (amenorrhea and infertility in 
women and impotence and infertility in men), and a three-fold increased 
risk for development of intestinal T cell-non Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 
other gastrointestinal cancers such as adenocarcinoma of the small 
intestine and pharynx. C. Catassi et al., ``Risk of Non-Hodgkin's 
Lymphoma in Celiac Disease,'' 287(11) J. of the Am. Med. Asscn., 1413-
19 (2002).
    In its new rating criteria, VA proposes to account for both 
systemic (extraintestinal) and digestive manifestations of the disease. 
VA proposes a 30-percent evaluation for malabsorption syndrome with 
chronic diarrhea that is managed by medically-prescribed dietary 
intervention such as a prescribed gluten-free diet, and without 
nutritional deficiencies. VA proposes a 50-percent evaluation for 
individuals with malabsorption syndrome that causes chronic diarrhea 
managed by medically-prescribed dietary intervention, such as a 
prescribed gluten-free diet, with present nutritional deficiencies due 
to lactase and pancreatic insufficiency; and with systemic 
manifestations including but not limited to, weakness and fatigue, 
dermatitis, lymph node enlargement, hypocalcemia, low vitamin levels, 
or atrophy of the inner intestinal lining shown on biopsy. VA proposes 
an 80-percent evaluation for individuals with malabsorption syndrome 
that causes weakness which interferes with ADLs. Additionally, these 
individuals exhibit weight loss, which results in wasting and 
nutritional deficiencies, and systemic manifestations of the disease 
including, but not limited to, weakness and fatigue, dermatitis, lymph 
node enlargement, hypocalcemia, low vitamin levels, anemia related to 
malabsorption, and episodes of abdominal pain and diarrhea due to 
lactase deficiency or pancreatic insufficiency. In addition to these 
rating criteria, VA proposes to include a Note (1) directing that 
appropriate serum antibody testing or endoscopy with biopsy 
(intestinal) must confirm the diagnosis of celiac disease. For 
evaluation of celiac disease with the

[[Page 1539]]

predominant disability of malabsorption (inability to absorb nutrients 
from a diet), VA proposes to add a second note directing rating 
personnel to select the greater evaluation between the rating criteria 
under DC 7328 and the criteria under new DC 7355.

New Diagnostic Code 7356

    VA proposes a new code to evaluate and track a group of 
gastrointestinal conditions characterized by chronic or recurrent 
symptoms that are unexplained by any structural, endoscopic, 
laboratory, or other objective signs of injury or disease. In the 
American veterans population, these gastrointestinal conditions are 
often associated with service in the Southwest Asia theater of 
operations during the Persian Gulf War. Gastrointestinal dysmotility 
syndrome is a broad term which is used to cover a spectrum of 
gastrointestinal disorders with abnormal intestinal contractions 
(spasms or intestinal paralysis). Coordinated movements of the 
esophagus, stomach, and intestines are required to digest and move 
intestinal contents along the digestive tract. See Paine. P., et al., 
Review article: The assessment and management of chronic severe 
gastrointestinal dysmotility in adults. (last visited Oct. 06, 2021) 
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/apt.12496. These 
digestive disorders occur in the absence of tissue damage in the 
gastrointestinal tract and are functional, rather than structural, in 
nature. At the request of Congress, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) 
extensively studied conditions resulting from deployment during the 
1991 Persian Gulf War. Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Gulf War 
and Health: Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War, Update 2009. 
Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2010. (last visited 
Oct. 06, 2021) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK220118/. In its 
reports, the IOM determined that Gulf War service causes, ``post-
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and that service is associated with 
multisymptom illness; gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable 
bowel syndrome; alcohol and other substance abuse; and anxiety 
disorders and other psychiatric disorders.'' The IOM report identified 
and validated functional digestive disorders as disabling and provided 
the basis for VA to presume their relationship to military service. 
``Presumptive Service Connection for Diseases Associated with Service 
in the Southwest Asia Theater of Operations in the Persian Gulf War: 
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders,'' 76 FR 41696 (July 15, 2011). 
Therefore, VA proposes a new diagnostic code 7356, Gastrointestinal 
dysmotility syndrome, to evaluate a group of these functional digestive 
disorders.
    VA proposes evaluation of gastrointestinal motility disorders based 
on the most common presentations, including but not limited to, 
abdominal pain, bloating, feeling of epigastric fullness, dyspepsia, 
nausea and vomiting, regurgitation, constipation, diarrhea, episodes of 
intestinal obstruction and pseudo-obstruction (absence of mechanical 
obstruction), and poor gastric emptying. Additionally, VA would take 
into consideration the presence of nutritional compromise (i.e., 
requirement for assisted parental nutrition (tube feeding) and/or total 
parental nutrition (TPN)) and response to treatment (i.e., requirement 
for ambulatory and/or inpatient care). See Mia L Manabat ``Intestinal 
Motility Disorders,'' Medscape Reference, (Sep. 16, 2020). https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/179937-overview (last visited Oct. 06, 
2021). This evaluation is consistent with other disability ratings 
which require similar levels of nutritional support such as TPN or tube 
feeding.
    Specifically, VA proposes a 10-percent evaluation for intermittent 
abdominal pain with epigastric fullness associated with bloating, and 
without evidence of a structural gastrointestinal disease. VA proposes 
a 30-percent evaluation for symptoms of pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) as 
well as symptoms of intestinal motility disorder such as abdominal 
pain, bloating, feeling of epigastric fullness, dyspepsia, nausea and 
vomiting, regurgitation, constipation, and diarrhea, managed by 
ambulatory care and requiring prescribed dietary management or 
manipulation. VA proposes a 50-percent evaluation where intermittent 
tube feeding is required and the individual has recurrent emergency 
treatment for episodes of intestinal obstruction or regurgitation due 
to poor gastric emptying, abdominal pain, recurrent nausea, or 
vomiting. VA proposes an 80-percent evaluation for complete dependence 
on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or continuous tube feeding for 
nutritional support. VA proposes to add a note that this DC is 
applicable to illnesses associated with 38 CFR 3.317(a)(2)(i)(B)(3) 
(medically unexplained chronic multisymptom illness involving 
functional gastrointestinal disorders in Persian Gulf veterans), other 
than those which can be evaluated under DC 7319.

New Diagnostic Code 7357

    As noted above, VA proposes to add a DC to Sec.  4.114 to evaluate 
veterans that have post-pancreatectomy syndromes, which follow 
therapeutic pancreatectomies either to remove cancers or to treat 
complications of chronic pancreatitis. The post-pancreatectomy 
condition resulting from the removal of the pancreas can vary in 
degrees of severity, but is generally less severe than prior to 
surgery. See Lewis Rashid and Vic Velanovich, ``Symptomatic change and 
gastrointestinal quality of life after pancreatectomy,'' 14(1) HPB 9, 
11 (Jan. 2012), http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3252985/pdf/hpb0014-0009.pdf (last visited Oct. 06, 2021). See also D.G. Heidt 
et al., ``Total Pancreatectomy: Indications, Technique, Sequelae,'' 11 
J. of Gastrointestinal Surgery 209 (2007).
    VA proposes to rate this condition based on the highest evaluation 
under either DC 7347 (Pancreatitis, chronic), DC 7303 (Chronic 
complications of upper gastrointestinal surgery, including operations 
performed on the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine, 
including bariatric surgery), or residuals, such as malabsorption (DC 
7328), diarrhea (DC 7319 or 7326), diabetes (DC 7913), or chronic 
pancreatitis pain (DC 7347). Consistent with the current rating 
schedule, VA would assign a minimum rating of 30 percent if no higher 
evaluation is warranted under this or other DCs.

Executive Orders 12866 and 13563

    Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 direct agencies to assess the 
costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives and, when 
regulation is necessary, to select regulatory approaches that maximize 
net benefits (including potential economic, environmental, public 
health and safety effects, and other advantages; distributive impacts; 
and equity). Executive Order 13563 (Improving Regulation and Regulatory 
Review) emphasizes the importance of quantifying both costs and 
benefits, reducing costs, harmonizing rules, and promoting flexibility. 
The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs has determined that 
this rule is an economically significant regulatory action under 
Executive Order 12866. The Regulatory Impact Analysis associated with 
this rulemaking can be found as a supporting document at 
www.regulations.gov.

[[Page 1540]]

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Secretary hereby certifies that this rule will not have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities 
as they are defined in the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601-
612). The certification is based on the fact that small entities or 
businesses are not affected by revisions to the VASRD. Therefore, 
pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 605(b), the initial and final regulatory 
flexibility analysis requirements of 5 U.S.C. 603 and 604 do not apply.

Unfunded Mandates

    The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 requires, at 2 U.S.C. 
1532, that agencies prepare an assessment of anticipated costs and 
benefits before issuing any rule that may result in the expenditure by 
State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the 
private sector, of $100 million or more (adjusted annually for 
inflation) in any given year. This proposed rule would have no such 
effect on State, local, and tribal governments, or on the private 
sector.

Paperwork Reduction Act

    This document contains no provisions constituting a collection of 
information under the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501-3521).

Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Numbers and Titles

    The Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance program numbers and 
titles for this rule are 64.104, Pension for Non-Service-Connected 
Disability for Veterans; 64.109, Veterans Compensation for Service-
Connected Disability; and 64.110, Veterans Dependency and Indemnity 
Compensation for Service-Connected Death.

List of Subjects in 38 CFR Part 4

    Disability benefits, Pensions, Veterans.

Signing Authority

    Denis McDonough, Secretary of Veterans Affairs, approved this 
document on July 6, 2021, and authorized the undersigned to sign and 
submit the document to the Office of the Federal Register for 
publication electronically as an official document of the Department of 
Veterans Affairs.

Luvenia Potts,
Regulation Development Coordinator Office of Regulation Policy & 
Management, Office of General Counsel, Department of Veterans Affairs.
    For the reasons set out in the preamble, VA proposes to amend 38 
CFR part 4 as set forth below:

PART 4--SCHEDULE FOR RATING DISABILITIES

Subpart B--Disability Ratings

0
1. The authority citation for part 4, subpart B, continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 38 U.S.C. 1155, unless otherwise noted.


Sec.  4.110  [Removed and Reserved]

0
2. Remove and reserve Sec.  4.110.


Sec.  4.111  [Removed and Reserved]

0
3. Remove and reserve Sec.  4.111.
0
4. Revise Sec.  4.112 to read as follows:


Sec.  4.112.  Weight loss and nutrition.

    The following terms apply when evaluating conditions in 38 CFR 
4.114:
    (a) Weight loss. ``Substantial weight loss'' means involuntary loss 
greater than 20 percent of an individual's baseline weight sustained 
for three months with diminished quality of self-care or work tasks. 
The term ``minor weight loss'' means involuntary weight loss between 10 
and 20 percent of an individual's baseline weight sustained for three 
months with gastrointestinal-related symptoms, involving diminished 
quality of self-care or work tasks, or decreased food intake. The term 
``inability to gain weight'' means substantial weight loss with the 
inability to regain it despite following appropriate therapy.
    (b) Baseline weight: ``Baseline weight'' means the clinically 
documented average weight for the two-year period preceding the onset 
of illness or, if relevant, the weight recorded at the veteran's most 
recent discharge physical. If neither of these weights is available or 
currently relevant, then use ideal body weight as determined by either 
the Hamwi formula or Body Mass Index tables, whichever is most 
favorable to the veteran.
    (c) Undernutrition: ``Undernutrition'' means a deficiency resulting 
from insufficient intake of one or multiple essential nutrients, or the 
inability of the body to absorb, utilize, or retain such nutrients. 
Undernutrition is characterized by failure of the body to maintain 
normal organ functions and healthy tissues. Signs and symptoms may 
include: Loss of subcutaneous tissue, edema, peripheral neuropathy, 
muscle wasting, weakness, abdominal distention, ascites, and Body Mass 
Index below normal range.
    (d) Nutritional support: The following describe various nutritional 
support methods used to treat certain digestive conditions.
    (1) Total parenteral nutrition or hyperalimentation is a special 
liquid mixture given into the blood through an intravenous catheter. 
The mixture contains proteins, carbohydrates (sugars), fats, vitamins, 
and minerals. Total parenteral nutrition bypasses the normal digestion 
in the stomach and bowel.
    (2) Assisted enteral nutrition requires a special liquid mixture 
(containing proteins, carbohydrates (sugar), fats, vitamins and 
minerals) to be delivered into the stomach or bowel through a flexible 
feeding tube. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is a type of assisted 
enteral nutrition in which a flexible feeding tube is inserted through 
the abdominal wall and into the stomach. Nasogastric or nasoenteral 
feeding tube is a type of assisted parental nutrition in which a 
flexible feeding tube is inserted through the nose into the stomach or 
bowel.
0
5. Amend Sec.  4.114 by:
0
a. Revising the introductory text;
0
b. Revising the entries for diagnostic codes 7200 through 7205;
0
c. Adding in numerical order diagnostic codes 7206 and 7207;
0
d. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7301;
0
e. Adding in numerical order an entry for diagnostic code 7303;
0
f. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7304;
0
g. Removing diagnostic codes 7305 and 7306;
0
h. Revising the entries for diagnostic codes 7307 through 7310, 7312, 
7314, and 7315;
0
i. Removing diagnostic code 7316;
0
j. Revising the entries for diagnostic codes 7317 through 7319;
0
k. Removing diagnostic codes 7321 and 7322;
0
l. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7323;
0
m. Removing diagnostic code 7324;
0
n. Revising the entries for diagnostic codes 7325 through 7330, and 
7332 through 7338;
0
o. Removing diagnostic codes 7339 and 7340;
0
p. Revising diagnostic codes 7344 through 7348;
0
q. Adding in numerical order an entry for diagnostic code 7350;
0
r. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7351;

[[Page 1541]]

0
s. Adding in numerical order an entry for diagnostic code 7352;
0
t. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7354;
0
u. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7355 through 
7357.
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  4.114  Schedule of ratings--digestive system.

    Do not combine ratings under diagnostic codes 7301 to 7329 
inclusive, 7331, 7342, 7345 to 7350 inclusive, 7352, and 7355 to 7357 
inclusive, with each other. Instead, assign a single evaluation under 
the diagnostic code that reflects the predominant disability picture, 
elevating it to the next higher evaluation as warranted by the severity 
of the overall disability.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Rating
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7200 Soft tissue injury of the mouth, other than tongue
 or lips:
    Rate as for disfigurement (diagnostic codes 7800 and
     7804) and impairment of mastication.
7201 Lips, injuries of:
    Rate as disfigurement (diagnostic codes 7800 and
     7804).
7202 Tongue, loss of whole or part:
    Absent oral nutritional intake......................             100
    Intact oral nutritional intake with permanently                   60
     impaired swallowing function that requires
     prescribed dietary modification....................
    Intact oral nutritional intake with permanently                   30
     impaired swallowing function without prescribed
     dietary modification...............................
    Note (1): Review for entitlement to special monthly
     compensation under Sec.   3.350 of this chapter.
    Note (2): Dietary modifications due to this
     condition must be prescribed by a medical provider.
7203 Esophagus, stricture of:
    Documented history of recurrent or refractory                     80
     esophageal stricture(s) causing dysphagia with at
     least one of the symptoms present: (1) Aspiration,
     (2) undernutrition, and/or (3) substantial weight
     loss as defined by Sec.   4.112(a) and treatment
     with either surgical correction or percutaneous
     esophago-gastrointestinal tube (PEG tube)..........
    Documented history of recurrent or refractory                     50
     esophageal stricture(s) causing dysphagia which
     requires at least one of the following (1) dilation
     3 or more times per year, (2) dilation using
     steroids at least one time per year, or (3)
     esophageal stent placement.........................
    Documented history of recurrent or refractory                     30
     esophageal stricture(s) causing dysphagia which
     requires dilatation no more than 2 times per year..
    Documented history of esophageal stricture(s) that                10
     requires daily medications to control dysphagia
     otherwise asymptomatic.............................
    Documented history without daily symptoms or                       0
     requirement for daily medications..................
    Note (1): Findings must be documented by barium
     swallow, computerized tomography, or
     esophagogastroduodenoscopy.........................
    Note (2): Non-gastrointestinal complications of
     procedures should be rated under the appropriate
     system.............................................
    Note (3): This diagnostic code applies, but is not
     limited to, esophagitis, mechanical or chemical;
     Mallory Weiss syndrome (bleeding at junction of
     esophagus and stomach due to tears) due to caustic
     ingestion of alkali or acid; drug-induced or
     infectious esophagitis due to Candida, virus, or
     other organism; idiopathic eosinophilic, or
     lymphocytic esophagitis; esophagitis due to
     radiation therapy; esophagitis due to peptic
     stricture; and any esophageal condition that
     requires treatment with sclerotherapy..............
    Note (4): Recurrent esophageal stricture is defined
     as the inability to maintain target esophageal
     diameter beyond 4 weeks after the target diameter
     has been achieved..................................
    Note (5): Refractory esophageal stricture is defined
     as the inability to achieve target esophageal
     diameter despite receiving no fewer than 5 dilation
     sessions performed at 2-week intervals.............
7204 Esophageal motility disorder:
    Rate as esophagus, stricture of (DC 7203).
    Note: This diagnostic code applies, but is not
     limited to, achalasia (cardiospasm), diffuse
     esophageal spasm (DES), corkscrew esophagus,
     nutcracker esophagus, and other motor disorders of
     the esophagus; esophageal rings (including Schatzki
     rings), mucosal webs or folds, and impairment of
     the esophagus caused by systemic conditions such as
     myasthenia gravis, scleroderma, and other
     neurologic conditions..............................
7205 Esophagus, diverticulum of, acquired:
    Rate as esophagus, stricture of (DC 7203).
    Note: This diagnostic code, applies, but is not
     limited to, pharyngo- esophageal (Zenker's)
     diverticulum, mid-esophageal diverticulum, and
     epiphrenic (distal esophagus) diverticulum.
7206 Gastroesophageal reflux disease:
    Rate as esophagus, stricture of (DC 7203)...........
7207 Barrett's esophagus:
    With esophageal stricture: Rate as esophagus,
     stricture of (DC 7203).............................
Without esophageal stricture:
        Documented by pathologic diagnosis with high-                 30
         grade dysplasia................................
        Documented by pathologic diagnosis with low-                  10
         grade dysplasia................................
    Note (1): If malignancy develops, rate as malignant
     neoplasms of the digestive system, exclusive of
     skin growths (DC 7343).
    Note (2): If the condition is resolved via surgery,
     radiofrequency ablation, or other treatment, rate
     residuals as esophagus, stricture of (DC 7203).....
7301 Peritoneum, adhesions of, due to surgery, trauma,
 disease, or infection:
    Persistent partial bowel obstruction that is either               80
     inoperable and refractory to treatment, or requires
     total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for obstructive
     symptoms...........................................
    Symptomatic peritoneal adhesions, persisting or                   50
     recurring after surgery, trauma, inflammatory
     disease process such as chronic cholecystitis or
     Crohn's disease, or infection, as determined by a
     healthcare provider; and clinical evidence of
     recurrent obstruction requiring hospitalization at
     least once a year; and medically-directed dietary
     modification other than total parenteral nutrition;
     and at least one of the following: (1) Abdominal
     pain, (2) nausea, (3) vomiting, (4) colic, (5)
     constipation, or (6) diarrhea......................
    Symptomatic peritoneal adhesions, persisting or                   30
     recurring after surgery, trauma, inflammatory
     disease process such as chronic cholecystitis or
     Crohn's disease, or infection, as determined by a
     healthcare provider; and medically-directed dietary
     modification other than total parenteral nutrition;
     and at least one of the following: (1) Abdominal
     pain, (2) nausea, (3) vomiting, (4) colic, (5)
     constipation, or (6) diarrhea......................

[[Page 1542]]

 
    Symptomatic peritoneal adhesions, persisting or                   10
     recurring after surgery, trauma, inflammatory
     disease process such as chronic cholecystitis or
     Crohn's disease, or infection, as determined by a
     healthcare provider, and at least one of the
     following: (1) Abdominal pain, (2) nausea, (3)
     vomiting, (4) colic, (5) constipation, or (6)
     diarrhea...........................................
    History of peritoneal adhesions, currently                         0
     asymptomatic.......................................
7303 Chronic complications of upper gastrointestinal
 surgery:
    Requiring continuous total parenteral nutrition                   80
     (TPN) or tube feeding for a period longer than 30
     consecutive days in the last six months............
    Any one of the following symptoms with or without                 50
     pain: (1) Daily vomiting not controlled by oral
     dietary modification or medication; (2) six or more
     watery bowel movements per day every day, or
     explosive bowel movements that are difficult to
     predict or control; (3) post-prandial (meal-
     induced) light-headedness (syncope) with sweating
     and the need for medications to specifically treat
     complications of upper gastrointestinal surgery
     such as dumping syndrome or delayed gastric
     emptying...........................................
    With two or more of the following symptoms: (1)                   30
     Vomiting two or more times per week or vomiting not
     controlled by medical treatment; (2) discomfort or
     pain within an hour of eating and requiring ongoing
     oral dietary modification; (3) three to five watery
     bowel movements per day every day..................
    With either nausea or vomiting managed by ongoing                 10
     medical treatment..................................
    Post-operative status, asymptomatic.................               0
    Note (1): For resection of small intestine, use DC
     7328.
    Note (2): If pancreatic surgery results in a vitamin
     or mineral deficiency (e.g., B12, iron, calcium, or
     fat-soluble vitamins), evaluate under the
     appropriate vitamin/mineral deficiency code and
     assign the higher rating. For example, evaluate
     Vitamin A, B, C or D deficiencies under DC 6313;
     ocular manifestations of vitamin deficiencies, such
     as night blindness, under DC 6313; keratitis or
     keratomalacia due to Vitamin A deficiency under DC
     6001; Vitamin E deficiency under neuropathy; and
     Vitamin K deficiency under prolonged clotting
     (e.g., DC 7705)....................................
    Note (3): This diagnostic code includes operations
     performed on the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and
     small intestine, including bariatric surgery.......
7304 Peptic ulcer disease:
    Post-operative for perforation or hemorrhage, for                100
     three months.......................................
    Continuous abdominal pain with intermittent                       60
     vomiting, recurrent hematemesis (vomiting blood) or
     melena (tarry stools); and manifestations of anemia
     which require hospitalization at least once in the
     past 12 months.....................................
    Episodes of abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting,                  40
     that: Last for at least three consecutive days in
     duration; occur four or more times in the past 12
     months; and are managed by daily prescribed
     medication.........................................
    Episodes of abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting,                  20
     that: Last for at least three consecutive days in
     duration; occur three times or less in the past 12
     months; and are managed by daily prescribed
     medication.........................................
    History of peptic ulcer disease documented by                      0
     endoscopy or X-ray.................................
    Note: After three months at the 100-percent
     evaluation, rate on residuals as determined by
     mandatory VA medical examination.
7307 Gastritis, chronic:
    Rate as peptic ulcer disease (DC 7304).
    Note: This diagnostic code includes Helicobacter
     pylori infection, drug-induced gastritis, Zollinger-
     Ellison syndrome, and portal-hypertensive
     gastropathy with varix-related complications.......
7308 Postgastrectomy syndrome:
    Rate residuals as chronic complications of upper
     gastrointestinal surgery (DC 7303).
7309 Stomach, stenosis of:
    Rate as chronic complications of upper
     gastrointestinal surgery (DC 7303) or peptic ulcer
     disease (DC 7304), depending on the predominant
     disability.
7310 Stomach, injury of, residuals:
    Pre-operative: Rate as adhesions of peritoneum due
     to surgery, trauma, disease, or infection (DC
     7301). No adhesions are necessary when evaluating
     under DC 7301.
    Post-operative: Rate as chronic complications of
     upper gastrointestinal surgery (DC 7303).
 
                       * * * * * *
7312 Cirrhosis of the liver:
    Liver disease with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease             100
     score greater than or equal to 15; or with
     continuous daily debilitating symptoms, generalized
     weakness and at least one of the following: (1)
     Ascites (fluid in the abdomen), or (2) a history of
     spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, or (3)
     encephalopathy, or (4) variceal hemorrhage, or (5)
     coagulopathy, or (6) portal gastropathy, or (7)
     hepatopulmonary or hepatorenal syndrome............
    Liver disease with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease              60
     score greater than 11 but less than 15; or with
     daily fatigue and at least one episode in the last
     year of either (1) variceal hemorrhage, or (2)
     portal gastropathy or hepatic encephalopathy.......
    Liver disease with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease              30
     score of 10 or 11; or with signs of portal
     hypertension such as splenomegaly or ascites (fluid
     in the abdomen) and either weakness, anorexia,
     abdominal pain, or malaise.........................
    Liver disease with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease              10
     score greater than 6 but less than 10; or with
     evidence of either anorexia, weakness, abdominal
     pain or malaise....................................
    Asymptomatic, but with a history of liver disease...               0
    Note (1): Rate hepatocellular carcinoma occurring
     with cirrhosis under DC 7343 (Malignant neoplasms
     of the digestive system, exclusive of skin growths)
     in lieu of DC 7312.................................
    Note (2): Biochemical studies, imaging studies, or
     biopsy must confirm liver dysfunction (including
     hyponatremia, thrombocytopenia, and/or
     coagulopathy)......................................
    Note (3): Rate condition based on symptomatology
     where the evidence does not contain a Model for End-
     Stage Liver Disease score..........................
7314 Chronic biliary tract disease:
    With three or more clinically documented attacks of               30
     right upper quadrant pain with nausea and vomiting
     during the past 12 months; or requiring dilatation
     of biliary tract strictures at least once during
     the past 12 months.................................
    With one or two clinically documented attacks of                  10
     right upper quadrant pain with nausea and vomiting
     in the past 12 months..............................

[[Page 1543]]

 
    Asymptomatic, without history of a clinically                      0
     documented attack of right upper quadrant pain with
     nausea and vomiting in the past 12 months..........
    Note: This diagnostic code includes cholangitis,
     biliary strictures, Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction,
     bile duct injury, and choledochal cyst. Rate
     primary sclerosing cholangitis under chronic liver
     disease without cirrhosis (DC 7345)................
7315 Cholelithiasis, chronic:
    Rate as chronic biliary tract disease (DC 7314).
7317 Gallbladder, injury of:
    Rate as adhesions of the peritoneum due to surgery,
     trauma, disease, or infection (DC 7301); or chronic
     gallbladder and biliary tract disease (DC 7314), or
     cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal),
     complications of (such as strictures and biliary
     leaks) (DC 7318), depending on the predominant
     disability.........................................
    Note: No adhesions are necessary when evaluating
     gallbladder injuries under DC 7301.
7318 Cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal),
 complications of (such as strictures and biliary
 leaks):
    With recurrent abdominal pain (post-prandial or                   30
     nocturnal) ; and chronic diarrhea characterized by
     three or more watery bowel movements per day.......
    With intermittent abdominal pain; and diarrhea                    10
     characterized by one to two watery bowel movements
     per day............................................
    Asymptomatic........................................               0
7319 Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS):
    Abdominal pain related to defecation at least one                 30
     day per week during the previous three months; and
     two or more of the following: (1) Change in stool
     frequency, (2) change in stool form , (3) altered
     stool passage (straining and/or urgency), (4)
     mucorrhea, (5) abdominal bloating, or (6)
     subjective distension..............................
    Abdominal pain related to defecation for at least                 20
     three days per month during the previous three
     months; and two or more of the following: (1)
     Change in stool frequency, (2) change in stool
     form, (3) altered stool passage (straining and/or
     urgency), (4) mucorrhea, (5) abdominal bloating, or
     (6) subjective distension..........................
    Abdominal pain related to defecation at least once                10
     during the previous three months; and two or more
     of the following: (1) Change in stool frequency,
     (2) change in stool form, (3) altered stool passage
     (straining and/or urgency), (4) mucorrhea, (5)
     abdominal bloating, or (6) subjective distention...
    Note (1): This diagnostic code may include
     functional digestive disorders (see 38 CFR Sec.
     3.317), such as dyspepsia, functional bloating and
     constipation, and diarrhea. Evaluate other symptoms
     of a functional digestive disorder not encompassed
     by this diagnostic code under the appropriate
     diagnostic code, to include gastrointestinal
     dysmotility syndrome (DC 7356), following the
     general principles of Sec.  Sec.   4.14 and 4.114..
7323 Colitis, ulcerative:
    Rate as Crohn's disease or undifferentiated form of
     inflammatory bowel disease (DC 7326).
7325 Enteritis, chronic:
    Rate as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (DC 7319) or
     Crohn's disease or undifferentiated form of
     inflammatory bowel disease (DC 7326), depending on
     the predominant disability.........................
7326 Crohn's disease or undifferentiated form of
 inflammatory bowel disease:
    Severe inflammatory bowel disease that is                        100
     unresponsive to treatment; and requires
     hospitalization at least once per year; and results
     in either an inability to work or is characterized
     by recurrent abdominal pain associated with at
     least two of the following: (1) Six or more
     episodes per day of diarrhea, (2) six or more
     episodes per day of rectal bleeding, (3) recurrent
     episodes of rectal incontinence, or (4) recurrent
     abdominal distention...............................
    Moderate inflammatory bowel disease that is managed               60
     on an outpatient basis with immunosuppressants or
     other biologic agents; and is characterized by
     recurrent abdominal pain, four to five daily
     episodes of diarrhea; and intermittent signs of
     toxicity such as fever, tachycardia, or anemia.....
    Mild to moderate inflammatory bowel disease that is               30
     managed with oral and topical agents (other than
     immunosuppressants or other biologic agents); and
     is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain with
     three or less daily episodes of diarrhea and
     minimal signs of toxicity such as fever,
     tachycardia, or anemia.............................
    Minimal to mild symptomatic inflammatory bowel                    10
     disease that is managed with oral or topical agents
     (other than immunosuppressants or other biologic
     agents); and is characterized by recurrent
     abdominal pain with three or less daily episodes of
     diarrhea and no signs of systemic toxicity.........
    Note (1): Following colectomy/colostomy with
     persistent or recurrent symptoms, rate either under
     DC 7326 or DC 7329 (Intestine, large, resection
     of), whichever provides the highest rating.........
    Note (2): VA requires diagnoses under DC 7326 to be
     confirmed by endoscopy or radiologic studies.
    Note (3): Inflammation may involve small bowel
     (ileitis), large bowel (colitis), or inflammation
     of any component of the gastrointestinal tract from
     the mouth to the anus..............................
7327 Diverticulitis and diverticulosis:
    Diverticular disease requiring hospitalization for                30
     abdominal distress, fever, and leukocytosis
     (elevated white blood cells) one or more times in
     the past 12 months; and with at least one of the
     following complications: (1) Hemorrhage, (2)
     obstruction, (3) abscess, (4) peritonitis, or (5)
     perforation........................................
    Diverticular disease requiring hospitalization for                20
     abdominal distress, fever, and leukocytosis
     (elevated white blood cells) one or more times in
     the past 12 months; and without associated (1)
     hemorrhage, (2) obstruction, (3) abscess, (4)
     peritonitis, or (5) perforation....................
    Asymptomatic; or a symptomatic diverticulitis or                   0
     diverticulosis that is managed by diet and
     medication.........................................
    Note: For colectomy or colostomy, use DC 7327 or DC
     7329 (Intestine, large, resection of), whichever
     results in a higher evaluation.
7328 Intestine, small, resection of:
    Status post intestinal resection with undernutrition              80
     and anemia; and requiring total parenteral
     nutrition (TPN)....................................
    Status post intestinal resection with undernutrition              60
     and anemia; and requiring prescribed oral dietary
     supplementation, continuous medication and
     intermittent total parental nutrition (TPN)........
    Status post intestinal resection with four or more                40
     episodes of diarrhea per day resulting in
     undernutrition and anemia; and requiring prescribed
     oral dietary supplementation and continuous
     medication.........................................
    Status post intestinal resection with four or more                20
     episodes of diarrhea per day.......................
    Status post intestinal resection, asymptomatic......               0

[[Page 1544]]

 
    Note: This diagnostic code includes short bowel
     syndrome, mesenteric ischemic thrombosis, and post-
     bariatric surgery complications. Where short bowel
     syndrome results in high-output syndrome, to
     include high-output stoma, consider assigning a
     higher evaluation under DC 7329 (Intestine, large,
     resection of)......................................
7329 Intestine, large, resection of:
    Total colectomy with formation of ileostomy, high-               100
     output syndrome, and more than two episodes of
     dehydration requiring intravenous hydration in the
     past 12 months.....................................
    Total colectomy without high-output syndrome........              60
    Partial colectomy with permanent colostomy..........              40
    Partial colectomy with reanastomosis (reconnection                20
     of the intestinal tube) with loss of ileocecal
     valve and recurrent episodes of diarrhea more than
     3 times per day....................................
    Partial colectomy with reanastomosis (reconnection                10
     of the intestinal tube)............................
7330 Intestinal fistulous disease, external:
    Requiring total parenteral nutrition (TPN); or                   100
     enteral nutrition along with at least one of the
     following: (1) Daily discharge equivalent to four
     or more ostomy bags, (2) requiring ten or more pad
     changes per day, or (3) both a Body Mass Index
     (BMI) less than 16 and persistent drainage (any
     amount) for more than 1 month during the past 12
     months.............................................
    Requiring enteral nutritional support along with at               60
     least one of the following: (1) Daily discharge
     equivalent to three or less ostomy bags (sized 130
     cc), (2) requiring fewer than ten pad changes per
     day, or (3) a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 16 to 18
     inclusive and persistent drainage (any amount) for
     more than 2 months in the past 12 months...........
    Intermittent fecal discharge with persistent                      30
     drainage for more than 3 months in the past 12
     months.............................................
    Note: This code applies to external fistulas that
     have developed as a consequence of abdominal
     trauma, surgery, radiation, malignancy, infection,
     or ischemia........................................
 
                       * * * * * *
7332 Rectum and anus, impairment of sphincter control:
    Complete loss of sphincter control characterized by              100
     incontinence or retention that is not responsive to
     a physician-prescribed bowel program and requires
     either surgery or digital stimulation, medication
     (beyond laxative use), and special diet; or
     incontinence to solids and/or liquids two or more
     times per day, which requires changing a pad two or
     more times per day.................................
    Complete or partial loss of sphincter control                     60
     characterized by incontinence or retention that is
     partially responsive to a physician-prescribed
     bowel program and requires either surgery or
     digital stimulation, medication (beyond laxative
     use), and special diet; or incontinence to solids
     and/or liquids two or more times per week, which
     requires wearing a pad two or more times per week..
    Complete or partial loss of sphincter control                     30
     characterized by incontinence or retention that is
     fully responsive to a physician-prescribed bowel
     program and requires digital stimulation,
     medication (beyond laxative use), and special diet;
     or incontinence to solids and/or liquids two or
     more times per month, which requires wearing a pad
     two or more times per month........................
    Complete or partial loss of sphincter control                     10
     characterized by incontinence or retention that is
     fully responsive to a physician-prescribed bowel
     program and requires medication or special diet; or
     incontinence to solids and/or liquids at least once
     every six months, which requires wearing a pad at
     least once every six months........................
    History of loss of sphincter control, currently                    0
     asymptomatic.......................................
    Note: Complete or partial loss of sphincter control
     refers to the inability to retain or expel stool at
     an appropriate time and place.
7333 Rectum and anus, stricture of:
    Inability to open the anus with inability to expel               100
     solid feces........................................
    Reduction of the lumen 50 percent or more, with pain              60
     and straining during defecation....................
    Reduction of the lumen by less than 50 percent, with              30
     straining during defecation........................
    Luminal narrowing with or without straining, managed              10
     by dietary intervention............................
    Note (1): Conditions rated under this code include
     dyssynergic defecation (levator ani) and anismus
     (functional constipation)
    Note (2): Evaluate an ostomy as Intestine, large,
     resection of (DC 7329).
7334 Rectum, prolapse of:
    Persistent irreducible prolapse, repairable or                   100
     unrepairable.......................................
    Manually reducible prolapse that is not repairable                50
     and occurs at times other than bowel movements,
     exertion, or while performing the Valsalva maneuver
    Manually reducible prolapse that is not repairable                30
     and occurs only after bowel movements, exertion, or
     while performing the Valsalva maneuver.............
    Spontaneously reducible prolapse that is not                      10
     repairable.........................................
    Note (1): For repairable prolapse of the rectum,
     continue the 100-percent evaluation for two months
     following repair. Thereafter, determine the
     appropriate evaluation based on residuals by
     mandatory VA examination. Apply the provisions of
     Sec.   3.105(e) of this chapter to any change in
     evaluation based upon that or any subsequent
     examination........................................
    Note (2): Where impairment of sphincter control
     constitutes the predominant disability, rate under
     diagnostic code 7332 (Rectum and anus, impairment
     of sphincter control)..............................
7335 Ano, fistula in, including anorectal fistula and
 anorectal abscess:
    More than two constant or near-constant fistulas                  60
     with abscesses, drainage, and pain, which are
     refractory to medical and surgical treatment.......
    One or two simultaneous fistulas, with abscess,                   40
     drainage, and pain.................................
    Two or more simultaneous fistulas with drainage and               20
     pain, but without abscesses........................
    One fistula with drainage and pain, but without                   10
     abscess............................................
7336 Hemorrhoids, external or internal:
    Internal or external hemorrhoids with persistent                  20
     bleeding and anemia; or continuously prolapsed
     internal hemorrhoids with three or more episodes
     per year of thrombosis.............................
    Prolapsed internal hemorrhoids with two or less                   10
     episodes per year of thrombosis; or external
     hemorrhoids with three or more episodes per year of
     thrombosis.........................................
7337 Pruritus ani (anal itching):

[[Page 1545]]

 
    With bleeding or excoriation........................              10
    Without bleeding or excoriation.....................               0
7338 Hernia, including femoral, inguinal, umbilical,
 ventral, incisional, and other (but not including
 hiatal).
Irreparable hernia (new or recurrent) present for 12
 months or more; with both of the following present for
 12 months or more:
    1. Size equal to 15 cm or greater in one dimension;
     and
    2. Pain when performing at least three of the                    100
     following activities: (1) Bending over, (2)
     activities of daily living (ADLs), (3) walking, and
     (4) climbing stairs................................
Irreparable hernia (new or recurrent) present for 12
 months or more; with both of the following present for
 12 months or more:
    1. Size equal to 15 cm or greater in one dimension;
     and
    2. Pain when performing two of the following                      60
     activities: (1) Bending over, (2) activities of
     daily living (ADLs), (3) walking, and (4) climbing
     stairs.............................................
Irreparable hernia (new or recurrent) present for 12
 months or more; with both of the following present for
 12 months or more:
    1. Size equal to 3 cm or greater but less than 15 cm
     in one dimension; and
    2. Pain when performing at least two of the                       30
     following activities: (1) Bending over, (2)
     activities of daily living (ADLs), (3) walking, and
     (4) climbing stairs................................
Irreparable hernia (new or recurrent) present for 12
 months or more; with both of the following present for
 12 months or more:
    1. Size equal to 3 cm or greater but less than 15 cm
     in one dimension; and
    2. Pain when performing one of the following                      20
     activities: (1) Bending over, (2) activities of
     daily living (ADLs), (3) walking, and (4) climbing
     stairs.............................................
    Irreparable hernia (new or recurrent) present for 12              10
     months or more; with hernia size smaller than 3 cm.
    Asymptomatic hernia; present and repairable, or                    0
     repaired...........................................
    Note (1): With two compensable inguinal hernias,
     evaluate the more severely disabling hernia first,
     and then add 10 percent to that rating to account
     for the second compensable hernia. Do not add 10
     percent to that rating if the more severely
     disabling hernia is rated at 100-percent...........
    Note (2): Any one of the following activities of
     daily living are sufficient for evaluation:
     Bathing, dressing, hygiene, and/or transfers.......
 
                       * * * * * *
7344 Benign neoplasms, exclusive of skin growths:
    Evaluate under a diagnostic code appropriate to the
     predominant disability or the specific residuals
     after treatment....................................
    Note: This diagnostic code includes lipoma,
     leiomyoma, colon polyps, or villous adenoma........
7345 Chronic liver disease without cirrhosis:
    Progressive chronic liver disease requiring use of               100
     both parenteral antiviral therapy (direct antiviral
     agents), and parenteral immunomodulatory therapy
     (interferon and other); and for six months
     following discontinuance of treatment..............
    Progressive chronic liver disease requiring                       60
     continuous medication and causing substantial
     weight loss and at least two of the following: (1)
     Daily fatigue, (2) malaise, (3) anorexia, (4)
     hepatomegaly, (5) pruritus, and (6) arthralgia.....
    Progressive chronic liver disease requiring                       40
     continuous medication and causing minor weight loss
     and at least two of the following: (1) Daily
     fatigue, (2) malaise, (3) anorexia, (4)
     hepatomegaly, (5) pruritus, and (6) arthralgia.....
    Chronic liver disease with at least one of the                    20
     following: (1) Intermittent fatigue, (2) malaise,
     (3) anorexia, (4) hepatomegaly, or (5) pruritus....
    Previous history of liver disease, currently                       0
     asymptomatic.......................................
    Note (1): 100-percent evaluation shall continue for
     six months following discontinuance of parenteral
     antiviral therapy and administration of parenteral
     immunomodulatory drugs. Six months after
     discontinuance of parenteral antiviral therapy and
     parenteral immunomodulatory drugs, determine the
     appropriate disability rating by mandatory VA exam.
     Apply the provisions of Sec.   3.105(e) to any
     change in evaluation based upon that or any
     subsequent examination.............................
    Note (2): For individuals for whom physicians
     recommend both parenteral antiviral therapy and
     parenteral immunomodulatory drugs, but for whom
     treatment is medically contraindicated, rate
     according to DC 7312 (Cirrhosis of the liver)......
    Note (3): This diagnostic code includes Hepatitis B
     (confirmed by serologic testing), primary biliary
     cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis
     (PSC), autoimmune liver disease, Wilson's disease,
     Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, hemochromatosis,
     drug-induced hepatitis, and non-alcoholic
     steatohepatitis (NASH). Track Hepatitis C (or non-
     A, non-B hepatitis) under DC 7354 but evaluate it
     using the criteria above...........................
    Note (4): Evaluate sequelae, such as cirrhosis or
     malignancy of the liver, under an appropriate
     diagnostic code, but do not use the same signs and
     symptoms as the basis for evaluation under DC 7354
     and under a diagnostic code for sequelae. (See Sec.
       4.14)............................................
7346 Hiatal hernia and paraesophageal hernia:
    Rate as esophagus, stricture of (DC 7203).
7347 Pancreatitis, chronic:
    Daily episodes of abdominal or mid-back pain that                100
     require three or more hospitalizations per year;
     and pain management by a physician; and
     maldigestion and malabsorption requiring dietary
     restriction and pancreatic enzyme supplementation..
    Three or more episodes of abdominal or mid-back pain              60
     per year and at least one episode per year
     requiring hospitalization for management either of
     complications related to abdominal pain or
     complications of tube enteral feeding..............
    At least one episode per year of abdominal or mid-                30
     back pain that requires ongoing outpatient medical
     treatment for pain, digestive problems, or
     management of related complications including but
     not limited to cyst, pseudocyst, intestinal
     obstruction, or ascites............................
    Note (1): Appropriate diagnostic studies must
     confirm that abdominal pain in this condition
     results from pancreatitis..........................
    Note (2): Separately rate endocrine dysfunction
     resulting in diabetes due to pancreatic
     insufficiency under DC 7913 (Diabetes mellitus)....
7348 Vagotomy with pyloroplasty or gastroenterostomy:
    Following confirmation of postoperative                           40
     complications of stricture or continuing gastric
     retention..........................................
    With symptoms and confirmed diagnosis of alkaline                 30
     gastritis, or with confirmed persisting diarrhea...
    With incomplete vagotomy............................              20

[[Page 1546]]

 
    Note: Rate recurrent ulcer following complete
     vagotomy under DC 7304 (Peptic ulcer disease), with
     a minimum rating of 20 percent; and rate post-
     operative residuals not addressed by this
     diagnostic code under DC 7303 (Chronic
     complications of upper gastrointestinal surgery)...
7350 Liver abscess:
    Assign a rating of 100 percent for 6 months from the
     date of initial diagnosis. Six months following
     initial diagnosis, determine the appropriate
     disability rating by mandatory VA examination.
     Thereafter, rate the condition based on chronic
     residuals under the appropriate body system. Apply
     the provisions of Sec.   3.105(e) to any reduction
     in evaluation......................................
    Note: This diagnostic code includes abscesses caused
     by bacterial, viral, amebic (e.g., E. hystolytica),
     fungal (e.g., C. albicans), and other agents.......
7351 Liver transplant:
    For an indefinite period from the date of hospital               100
     admission for transplant surgery...................
    Awaiting retransplantation, minimum rating..........              60
    Minimum rating......................................              30
    Note: Assign a rating of 100 percent as of the date
     of hospital admission for transplant surgery. One
     year following discharge, determine the appropriate
     disability rating by mandatory VA examination.
     Apply the provisions of Sec.   3.105(e) of this
     chapter to any change in evaluation based upon that
     or any subsequent examination. Rate residuals of
     any recurrent underlying liver disease under the
     appropriate diagnostic code and, when appropriate,
     combine with other post-transplant residuals under
     the appropriate body system(s), subject to the
     provisions of Sec.  Sec.   4.14 and 4.114..........
7352 Pancreas transplant:
    For an indefinite period from the date of hospital               100
     admission for transplant surgery...................
    Minimum rating......................................              30
    Note: Assign a rating of 100 percent as of the date
     of hospital admission for transplant surgery. One
     year following discharge, determine the appropriate
     disability rating by mandatory VA examination.
     Apply the provisions of Sec.   3.105(e) of this
     chapter to any change in evaluation based upon that
     or any subsequent examination......................
7354 Hepatitis C (or non-A, non-B hepatitis):
    Rate under DC 7345 (Chronic liver disease without
     cirrhosis).
7355 Celiac disease:
    Malabsorption syndrome that causes weakness which                 80
     interferes with activities of daily living; and
     weight loss resulting in wasting and nutritional
     deficiencies; and with systemic manifestations
     including but not limited to, weakness and fatigue,
     dermatitis, lymph node enlargement, hypocalcemia,
     low vitamin levels; and anemia related to
     malabsorption; and episodes of abdominal pain and
     diarrhea due to lactase deficiency or pancreatic
     insufficiency......................................
    Malabsorption syndrome that causes chronic diarrhea               50
     managed by medically-prescribed dietary
     intervention such as prescribed gluten-free diet,
     with nutritional deficiencies due to lactase and
     pancreatic insufficiency; and with systemic
     manifestations including, but not limited to,
     weakness and fatigue, dermatitis, lymph node
     enlargement, hypocalcemia, low vitamin levels, or
     atrophy of the inner intestinal lining shown on
     biopsy.............................................
    Malabsorption syndrome with chronic diarrhea managed              30
     by medically-prescribed dietary intervention such
     as prescribed gluten-free diet; and without
     nutritional deficiencies...........................
    Note (1): An appropriate serum antibody test or
     endoscopy with biopsy must confirm the diagnosis.
    Note (2): For evaluation of celiac disease with the
     predominant disability of malabsorption, use the
     greater evaluation between DC 7328 or celiac
     disease under DC 7355.
7356 Gastrointestinal dysmotility syndrome:
    Requiring complete dependence on total parenteral                 80
     nutrition (TPN) or continuous tube feeding for
     nutritional support................................
    Requiring intermittent tube feeding for nutritional               50
     support; with recurrent emergency treatment for
     episodes of intestinal obstruction or regurgitation
     due to poor gastric emptying, abdominal pain,
     recurrent nausea, or recurrent vomiting............
    With symptoms of intestinal pseudo-obstruction                    30
     (CIPO); and symptoms of intestinal motility
     disorder, including but not limited to, abdominal
     pain, bloating, feeling of epigastric fullness,
     dyspepsia, nausea and vomiting, regurgitation,
     constipation, and diarrhea, managed by ambulatory
     care; and requiring prescribed dietary management
     or manipulation....................................
    Intermittent abdominal pain with epigastric fullness              10
     associated with bloating; and without evidence of a
     structural gastrointestinal disease................
    Note: Use this diagnostic code for illnesses
     associated with 38 CFR 3.317(a)(2)(i)(B)(3), other
     than those which can be evaluated under DC 7319....
7357 Post pancreatectomy syndrome:
    Following total or partial pancreatectomy, evaluate               30
     under Pancreatitis, chronic (DC 7347), Chronic
     complications of upper gastrointestinal surgery (DC
     7303), or based on residuals such as malabsorption
     (Intestine, small, resection of, DC 7328), diarrhea
     (Irritable bowel syndrome, DC 7319, or Crohn's
     disease or undifferentiated form of inflammatory
     bowel disease, DC 7326), or diabetes (DC 7913),
     whichever provides the highest evaluation. Minimum.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

0
6. Amend appendix A to part 4 by:
0
a. Adding entries for Sec. Sec.  4.110, 4.111 and 4.112;
0
b. In the entry for Sec.  4.114:
0
i. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7200 through 
7207 and 7301 through 7303;
0
ii. Revising the entries for diagnostic codes 7304 through 7305;
0
iii. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7306 and 
7307;
0
iv. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7308;
0
v. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7309 and 
7310;
0
vi. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7312;
0
vii. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7314 
through 7318;
0
viii. Revising the entries for diagnostic codes 7319 and 7321;
0
ix. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7322 through 
7327;
0
x. Revising the entries for diagnostic codes 7328 through 7330 and 
7332;
0
xi. Adding in numerical order an entry for diagnostic code 7333;
0
xii. Revising the entry for diagnostic codes 7334;
0
xiii. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7335 
through 7338;
0
xiv. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7339;
0
xv. Adding in numerical order an entry for diagnostic code 7340;
0
xvi. Revising the entries for diagnostic codes 7344 through 7348;
0
xvii. Adding in numerical order an entry for diagnostic code 7350;

[[Page 1547]]

0
xviii. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7351;
0
xix. Adding in numerical order an entry for diagnostic code 7352;
0
xx. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7354; and
0
xxi. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7355 
through 7357;

    The revisions and additions read as follows:

Appendix A to Part 4--Table of Amendments and Effective Dates Since 
1946

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                             Diagnostic
                   Sec.                       code No.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
4.110....................................  ..............  Removed and reserved [Effective date of final rule].
4.111....................................  ..............  Removed and reserved [Effective date of final rule].
4.112....................................  ..............  Revised [Effective date of final rule].
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
4.114....................................  ..............  Introduction paragraph revised March 10, 1976;
                                                            introduction paragraph revised [Effective date of
                                                            final rule].
                                                     7200  Title, criterion [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7201  Criterion [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7202  Evaluation, criterion, note [Effective date of final
                                                            rule].
                                                     7203  Evaluation, criterion, note [Effective date of final
                                                            rule].
                                                     7204  Title, note [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7205  Note [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7206  Added [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7207  Added [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7301  Title, Evaluation, criterion, note [Effective date of
                                                            final rule].
                                                     7302  Removed April 8, 1959.
                                                     7303  Added [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7304  Evaluation November 1, 1962; title, evaluation,
                                                            criterion, and note [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7305  Evaluation November 1, 1962; Removed [Effective date
                                                            of final rule].
                                                     7306  Criterion April 8, 1959; Removed [Effective date of
                                                            final rule].
                                                     7307  Evaluation May 22, 1964; Criterion May 22, 1964; Note
                                                            May 22, 1964; title, evaluation, criterion, and note
                                                            [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7308  Title April 8, 1959; evaluation April 8, 1959;
                                                            evaluation and criterion [Effective date of final
                                                            rule].
                                                     7309  Evaluation [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7310  Evaluation [Effective date of final rule].
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
                                                     7312  Evaluation March 10, 1976; evaluation July 2, 2001;
                                                            title, evaluation, criterion, and note [Effective
                                                            date of final rule].
                                                     7314  Title, evaluation, note [Effective date of final
                                                            rule].
                                                     7315  Evaluation [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7316  Removed [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7317  Note [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7318  Title, evaluation, and criterion [Effective date of
                                                            final rule].
                                                     7319  Title November 1, 1962; evaluation November 1, 1962;
                                                            title, evaluation, criterion, and note [Effective
                                                            date of final rule].
                                                     7321  Evaluation July 6, 1950; criterion March 10, 1976;
                                                            Removed [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7322  Removed [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7323  Criterion and note [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7324  Removed [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7325  Note November 1, 1962; note [Effective date of final
                                                            rule].
                                                     7326  Note November 1, 1962; title, evaluation, criterion
                                                            and note [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7327  Evaluation November 1, 1962; criterion November 1,
                                                            1962; note November 1, 1962; title, evaluation,
                                                            criterion, and note [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7328  Evaluation November 1, 1962; title, evaluation,
                                                            criterion, and note [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7329  Evaluation November 1, 1962; evaluation, criterion,
                                                            and note [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7330  Evaluation November 1, 1962; criterion and note
                                                            [Effective date of final rule].
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
                                                     7332  Evaluation November 1, 1962; evaluation, criterion,
                                                            and note [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7333  Evaluation, criterion, and note [Effective date of
                                                            final rule].
                                                     7334  Evaluation July 6, 1950; evaluation November 1, 1962;
                                                            evaluation, criterion, and note [Effective date of
                                                            final rule].
                                                     7335  Evaluation and criterion [Effective date of final
                                                            rule].
                                                     7336  Criterion November 1, 1962; criterion [Effective date
                                                            of final rule].
                                                     7337  Title, evaluation, and criterion [Effective date of
                                                            final rule].
                                                     7338  Title, evaluation, criterion, and note [Effective
                                                            date of final rule].
                                                     7339  Criterion March 10, 1976; removed [Effective date of
                                                            final rule].
                                                     7340  Removed [Effective date of final rule].
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
                                                     7344  Criterion July 2, 2001; note [Effective date of final
                                                            rule].
                                                     7345  Evaluation August 23, 1948; evaluation February 17,
                                                            1955; evaluation July 2, 2001; title [Effective date
                                                            of final rule]; evaluation, criterion, and note
                                                            [Effective date of final rule].

[[Page 1548]]

 
                                                     7346  Evaluation February 1, 1962; title [Effective date of
                                                            final rule]; evaluation, criterion, and note
                                                            [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7347  Added September 9, 1975; title [Effective date of
                                                            final rule]; evaluation, criterion, and note
                                                            [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7348  Added March 10, 1976; criterion and note [Effective
                                                            date of final rule].
                                                     7350  Added [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7351  Added July 2, 2001; evaluation, criterion, and note
                                                            [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7352  Added [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7354  Added July 2, 2001; evaluation, criterion, and note
                                                            [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7355  Added [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7356  Added [Effective date of final rule].
                                                     7357  Added [Effective date of final rule].
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0
7. Amend appendix B to part 4 in the table under ``The Digestive 
System'' by:
0
a. Revising the entries for diagnostic codes 7200, 7202, and 7204;
0
b. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7206 and 
7207;
0
c. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7301;
0
d. Adding in numerical order an entry for diagnostic code 7303;
0
e. Revising the entries for diagnostic codes 7304 through 7307, 7312, 
7314, 7316 through 7319, 7321, 7322, 7324, 7326 through 7328, 7330, 
7332, 7335 through 7340, and 7344 through 7348;
0
f. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7350 and 
7352;
0
g. Revising the entry for diagnostic code 7354; and
0
h. Adding in numerical order entries for diagnostic codes 7355 through 
7357.

    The revisions and additions read as follows:

Appendix B to Part 4--Numerical Index of Disabilities

------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Diagnostic code No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7200.........................  Soft tissue injury of the mouth, other
                                than tongue or lips.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7202.........................  Tongue, loss of whole or part.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7204.........................  Esophageal motility disorder.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7206.........................  Gastroesophageal reflux disease.
7207.........................  Barrett's esophagus.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7301.........................  Peritoneum, adhesions of, due to surgery,
                                trauma, or infection.
7303.........................  Chronic complications of upper
                                gastrointestinal surgery.
7304.........................  Peptic ulcer disease.
7305.........................  Removed.
7306.........................  Removed.
7307.........................  Gastritis, chronic.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7312.........................  Cirrhosis of the liver.
7314.........................  Chronic biliary tract disease.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7316.........................  Removed.
7317.........................  Gallbladder, injury of.
7318.........................  Cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal),
                                complications of (such as strictures and
                                biliary leaks).
7319.........................  Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
 
                              * * * * * * *
7321.........................  Removed.
7322.........................  Removed.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7324.........................  Removed.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7326.........................  Crohn's disease or undifferentiated form
                                of inflammatory bowel disease.

[[Page 1549]]

 
7327.........................  Diverticulitis and diverticulosis.
7328.........................  Intestine, small, resection of.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7330.........................  Intestinal fistulous diseases, external.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7332.........................  Rectum and anus, impairment of sphincter
                                control.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7335.........................  Ano, fistula in, including anorectal
                                fistula, anorectal abscess.
7336.........................  Hemorrhoids, external or internal.
7337.........................  Pruritus ani (anal itching).
7338.........................  Hernia, including femoral, inguinal,
                                umbilical, ventral, incisional, and
                                other (but not including hiatal).
7339.........................  Removed.
7340.........................  Removed.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7344.........................  Benign neoplasms, exclusive of skin
                                growths.
7345.........................  Chronic liver disease without cirrhosis.
7346.........................  Hiatal hernia and paraesophageal hernia.
7347.........................  Pancreatitis, chronic.
7348.........................  Vagotomy with pyloroplasty or
                                gastroenterostomy.
7350.........................  Liver abscess.
 
                              * * * * * * *
7352.........................  Pancreas transplant.
7354.........................  Hepatitis C (or non-A, non-B hepatitis).
7355.........................  Celiac disease.
7356.........................  Gastrointestinal dysmotility syndrome.
7357.........................  Post pancreatectomy syndrome.
 
                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------

0
8. Amend appendix C to part 4 by:
0
a. Adding in alphabetical order under the entry for ``Abscess'', 
entries for ``Anorectal'' and ``Liver'';
0
b. Revising the entry for ``Cholangitis, chronic'';
0
c. Adding in alphabetical order an entry for ``Cholecystectomy 
(gallbladder removal), complications of (such as strictures and biliary 
leaks)'';
0
d. Adding in alphabetical order under the entry for ``Disease'', 
entries for ``Celiac'', ``Crohn's'', ``Gallbladder and biliary tract, 
chronic'', and ``Inflammatory bowel'';
0
e. Removing the entry for ``Diverticulitis'' and adding in its place an 
entry for ``Diverticulitis and diverticulosis'';
0
f. Adding in alphabetical order under the entry for ``Esophagus'', 
entries for ``Barrett's'' and ``Motility disorder'';
0
g. Removing the entry for ``Gastritis, hypertrophic'' and adding in its 
place an entry for ``Gastritis, chronic'';
0
h. Adding, in alphabetical order, an entry for ``Gastroesophageal 
reflux disease'';
0
i. Removing, under the entry for ``Hernia'', entries for ``Femoral,'' 
and ``Hiatal'' and adding in their place entries for ``Femoral, 
inguinal, umbilical, ventral, incisional, and other'' and ``Hiatal and 
parasophageal'', respectively;
0
j. Removing, under the entry for ``Hernia'', entries for ``Inguinal'' 
and ``Ventral'';
0
k. Removing, under the entry for ``Injury'', the entries for ``Gall 
bladder'' and ``Mouth'' and adding in their place entries for 
``Gallbladder'' and ``Mouth, soft tissue'', respectively;
0
l. Removing the entry for ``Intestine, fistula of'' and adding in its 
place an entry for ``Intestine:'';
0
m. Adding in alphabetical order under the entry for ``Intestine'', 
entries for ``Fistulous disease, external'', ``Large, resection of'', 
and ``Small, resection of'';
0
n. Removing the entry for ``Irritable colon syndrome'' and adding in 
its place an entry for ``Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)'';
0
o. Removing the entry for ``Pancreatitis'' and adding in its place an 
entry for ``Pancreas:'';
0
p. Adding in alphabetical order under the entry for ``Pancreas'', 
entries for ``Chronic pancreatitis'', ``Post pancreatectomy syndrome'', 
``Surgery, complications of'', and ``Transplant'';
0
q. Revising the entry for ``Pruritus ani'';
0
r. Removing the entry for ``Stomach, stenosis of'' and adding in its 
place an entry for ``Stomach:'';
0
s. Adding in alphabetical order under entry for ``Stomach'', entries 
for ``Postgastrectomy syndrome'', ``Stenosis of'', and ``Surgery, 
complications of'';
0
t. Adding in alphabetical order under the entry for ``Syndromes'', 
entries for ``Gastrointestinal dysmotility'', ``Postgastrectomy'', and 
``Post pancreatectomy'';
0
u. Removing the entry for ``Ulcer'' and adding in its place an entry 
for ``Ulcer, peptic'';
0
v. Removing under the entry for ``Ulcer, peptic'' the entries for 
``Duodenal'', ``Gastric'', and ``Marginal''.


[[Page 1550]]


    The revisions and additions read as follows:

Appendix C to Part 4--Alphabetical Index of Disabilities

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         Diagnostic Code
                                                               No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                              * * * * * * *
Abscess:
    Anorectal.........................................              7335
 
                              * * * * * * *
    Liver.............................................              7350
 
                              * * * * * * *
 
                              * * * * * * *
Cholangitis, chronic..................................              7314
Cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal) complications of              7318
 (such as strictures and biliary leaks)...............
 
                              * * * * * * *
Disease:
 
                              * * * * * * *
    Celiac............................................              7355
 
                              * * * * * * *
    Crohn's...........................................              7326
    Gallbladder and biliary tract, chronic............              7314
 
                              * * * * * * *
    Inflammatory bowel................................              7326
 
                              * * * * * * *
Diverticulitis and diverticulosis.....................              7327
 
                              * * * * * * *
Esophagus:
    Barrett's.........................................              7207
 
                              * * * * * * *
    Motility disorder.................................              7204
 
                              * * * * * * *
Gastritis, chronic....................................              7307
Gastroesophageal reflux disease.......................              7206
 
                              * * * * * * *
Hernia:
    Femoral, inguinal, umbilical, ventral, incisional,              7338
     and other........................................
    Hiatal and parasophageal..........................              7346
 
                              * * * * * * *
Injury:
 
                              * * * * * * *
    Gallbladder.......................................              7317
 
                              * * * * * * *
    Mouth, soft tissue................................              7200
 
                              * * * * * * *
Intestine:
    Fistulous disease, external.......................              7330
    Large, resection of...............................              7329
    Small, resection of...............................              7328
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)........................              7319
 
                              * * * * * * *
Pancreas:
    Chronic pancreatitis..............................              7347
    Post pancreatectomy syndrome......................              7357
    Surgery, complications of.........................              7303
    Transplant........................................              7352
 
                              * * * * * * *
Pruritus ani (anal itching)...........................              7337
 
                              * * * * * * *
Stomach:

[[Page 1551]]

 
    Postgastrectomy syndrome..........................              7308
    Stenosis of.......................................              7309
    Surgery, complications of.........................              7303
 
                              * * * * * * *
Syndromes:
 
                              * * * * * * *
    Gastrointestinal dysmotility......................              7356
 
                              * * * * * * *
    Postgastrectomy...................................              7308
    Post pancreatectomy...............................              7357
 
                              * * * * * * *
 
                              * * * * * * *
Ulcer, peptic.........................................              7304
 
                              * * * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[FR Doc. 2021-28314 Filed 1-10-22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8320-01-P